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Chau CC, Maffeo CM, Aksimentiev A, Radford SE, Hewitt EW, Actis P. Single molecule delivery into living cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4403. [PMID: 38782907 PMCID: PMC11116494 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Controlled manipulation of cultured cells by delivery of exogenous macromolecules is a cornerstone of experimental biology. Here we describe a platform that uses nanopipettes to deliver defined numbers of macromolecules into cultured cell lines and primary cells at single molecule resolution. In the nanoinjection platform, the nanopipette is used as both a scanning ion conductance microscope (SICM) probe and an injection probe. The SICM is used to position the nanopipette above the cell surface before the nanopipette is inserted into the cell into a defined location and to a predefined depth. We demonstrate that the nanoinjection platform enables the quantitative delivery of DNA, globular proteins, and protein fibrils into cells with single molecule resolution and that delivery results in a phenotypic change in the cell that depends on the identity of the molecules introduced. Using experiments and computational modeling, we also show that macromolecular crowding in the cell increases the signal-to-noise ratio for the detection of translocation events, thus the cell itself enhances the detection of the molecules delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalmers C Chau
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Pollard Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Christopher M Maffeo
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Aleksei Aksimentiev
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Sheena E Radford
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Eric W Hewitt
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Paolo Actis
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Pollard Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
- Bragg Centre for Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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2
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Huang G, Lin L, Liu Q, Wu S, Chen J, Zhu R, You H, Sun C. Three-dimensional array of microbubbles sonoporation of cells in microfluidics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1353333. [PMID: 38419723 PMCID: PMC10899490 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1353333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sonoporation is a popular membrane disruption technique widely applicable in various fields, including cell therapy, drug delivery, and biomanufacturing. In recent years, there has been significant progress in achieving controlled, high-viability, and high-efficiency cell sonoporation in microfluidics. If the microchannels are too small, especially when scaled down to the cellular level, it still remains a challenge to overcome microchannel clogging, and low throughput. Here, we presented a microfluidic device capable of modulating membrane permeability through oscillating three-dimensional array of microbubbles. Simulations were performed to analyze the effective range of action of the oscillating microbubbles to obtain the optimal microchannel size. Utilizing a high-precision light curing 3D printer to fabricate uniformly sized microstructures in a one-step on both the side walls and the top surface for the generation of microbubbles. These microbubbles oscillated with nearly identical amplitudes and frequencies, ensuring efficient and stable sonoporation within the system. Cells were captured and trapped on the bubble surface by the acoustic streaming and secondary acoustic radiation forces induced by the oscillating microbubbles. At a driving voltage of 30 Vpp, the sonoporation efficiency of cells reached 93.9% ± 2.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyong Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, China
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Quanhui Liu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shixiong Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiapeng Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Rongxing Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hui You
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Cuimin Sun
- School of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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3
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Patange S, Maragh S. Fire Burn and Cauldron Bubble: What Is in Your Genome Editing Brew? Biochemistry 2023; 62:3500-3511. [PMID: 36306429 PMCID: PMC10734218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Genome editing is a rapidly evolving biotechnology with the potential to transform many sectors of industry such as agriculture, biomanufacturing, and medicine. This technology is enabled by an ever-growing portfolio of biomolecular reagents that span the central dogma, from DNA to RNA to protein. In this paper, we draw from our unique perspective as the National Metrology Institute of the United States to bring attention to the importance of understanding and reporting genome editing formulations accurately and promoting concepts to verify successful delivery into cells. Achieving the correct understanding may be hindered by the way units, quantities, and stoichiometries are reported in the field. We highlight the variability in how editing formulations are reported in the literature and examine how a reference molecule could be used to verify the delivery of a reagent into cells. We provide recommendations on how more accurate reporting of editing formulations and more careful verification of the steps in an editing experiment can help set baseline expectations of reagent performance, toward the aim of enabling genome editing studies to be more reproducible. We conclude with a future outlook on technologies that can further our control and enable our understanding of genome editing outcomes at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Patange
- Biosystems and Biomaterials
Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Samantha Maragh
- Biosystems and Biomaterials
Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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Chakrabarty P, Illath K, Kar S, Nagai M, Santra TS. Combinatorial physical methods for cellular therapy: Towards the future of cellular analysis? J Control Release 2023; 353:1084-1095. [PMID: 36538949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The physical energy activated techniques for cellular delivery and analysis is one of the most rapidly expanding research areas for a variety of biological and biomedical discoveries. These methods, such as electroporation, optoporation, sonoporation, mechanoporation, magnetoporation, etc., have been widely used in delivering different biomolecules into a range of primary and patient-derived cell types. However, the techniques when used individually have had limitations in delivery and co-delivery of diverse biomolecules in various cell types. In recent years, a number of studies have been performed by combining the different membrane disruption techniques, either sequentially or simultaneously, in a single study. The studies, referred to as combinatorial, or hybrid techniques, have demonstrated enhanced transfection, such as efficient macromolecular and gene delivery and co-delivery, at lower delivery parameters and with high cell viability. Such studies can open up new and exciting avenues for understanding the subcellular structure and consequently facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This review consequently aims at summarising the different developments in hybrid therapeutic techniques. The different methods discussed include mechano-electroporation, electro-sonoporation, magneto-mechanoporation, magnetic nanoparticles enhanced electroporation, and magnetic hyperthermia studies. We discuss the clinical status of the different methods and conclude with a discussion on the future prospects of the combinatorial techniques for cellular therapy and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulasta Chakrabarty
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
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Hori K, Yoshimoto S, Yoshino T, Zako T, Hirao G, Fujita S, Nakamura C, Yamagishi A, Kamiya N. Recent advances in research on biointerfaces: From cell surfaces to artificial interfaces. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 133:195-207. [PMID: 34998688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biointerfaces are regions where biomolecules, cells, and organic materials are exposed to environmental media or come in contact with other biomaterials, cells, and inorganic/organic materials. In this review article, six research topics on biointerfaces are described to show examples of state-of-art research approaches. First, biointerface design of nanoparticles for molecular detection is described. Functionalized gold nanoparticles can be used for sensitive detection of various target molecules, including chemical compounds and biomolecules, such as DNA, proteins, cells, and viruses. Second, the interaction between bacterial cell surfaces and material surfaces, including the introduction of advances in analytical methods and theoretical calculations, are explained as well as their applications to bioprocesses. Third, bioconjugation technologies for localizing functional proteins at biointerfaces are introduced, in particular, by focusing the potential of enzymes as a catalytic tool for designing different types of bioconjugates that function at biointerfaces. Forth topics is focusing on lipid-protein interaction in cell membranes as natural biointerfaces. Examples of membrane lipid engineering are introduced, and it is mentioned how their compositional profiles affect membrane protein functions. Fifth topic is the physical method for molecular delivery across the biointerface being developed currently, such as highly efficient nanoinjection, electroporation, and nanoneedle devices, in which the key is how to perforate the cell membrane. Final topic is the chemical design of lipid- or polymer-based RNA delivery carriers and their behavior on the cell interface, which are currently attracting attention as RNA vaccine technologies targeting COVID-19. Finally, future directions of biointerface studies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsutoshi Hori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Shogo Yoshimoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yoshino
- Division of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Zako
- Faculty of Science, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Gen Hirao
- Faculty of Science, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Photo BIO-OIL, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Applied Physics, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chikashi Nakamura
- DAILAB, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Ayana Yamagishi
- DAILAB, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Aghaamoo M, Chen Y, Li X, Garg N, Jiang R, Yun JT, Lee AP. High-Throughput and Dosage-Controlled Intracellular Delivery of Large Cargos by an Acoustic-Electric Micro-Vortices Platform. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102021. [PMID: 34716688 PMCID: PMC8728830 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A high-throughput non-viral intracellular delivery platform is introduced for the transfection of large cargos with dosage-control. This platform, termed Acoustic-Electric Shear Orbiting Poration (AESOP), optimizes the delivery of intended cargo sizes with poration of the cell membranes via mechanical shear followed by the modulated expansion of these nanopores via electric field. Furthermore, AESOP utilizes acoustic microstreaming vortices wherein up to millions of cells are trapped and mixed uniformly with exogenous cargos, enabling the delivery of cargos into cells with targeted dosages. Intracellular delivery of a wide range of molecule sizes (<1 kDa to 2 MDa) with high efficiency (>90%), cell viability (>80%), and uniform dosages (<60% coefficient of variation (CV)) simultaneously into 1 million cells min-1 per single chip is demonstrated. AESOP is successfully applied to two gene editing applications that require the delivery of large plasmids: i) enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) plasmid (6.1 kbp) transfection, and ii) clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9-mediated gene knockout using a 9.3 kbp plasmid DNA encoding Cas9 protein and single guide RNA (sgRNA). Compared to alternative platforms, this platform offers dosage-controlled intracellular delivery of large plasmids simultaneously to large populations of cells while maintaining cell viability at comparable delivery efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aghaamoo
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
- Center for Advanced Design & Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM)University of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
| | - Yu‐Hsi Chen
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
- Center for Advanced Design & Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM)University of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
- Center for Advanced Design & Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM)University of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
| | - Neha Garg
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
- Center for Advanced Design & Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM)University of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
| | - Ruoyu Jiang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
- Center for Advanced Design & Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM)University of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
| | - Jeremy Tian‐Hao Yun
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
- Palo Alto Senior High SchoolPalo AltoCA94301USA
| | - Abraham Phillip Lee
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
- Center for Advanced Design & Manufacturing of Integrated Microfluidics (CADMIM)University of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCA92697USA
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Pandey P, Sesena-Rubfiaro A, Khatri S, He J. Development of multifunctional nanopipettes for controlled intracellular delivery and single-entity detection. Faraday Discuss 2021; 233:315-335. [PMID: 34889345 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00057h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular delivery of biomolecules and nanoscale materials to individual cells has gained remarkable attention in recent years owing to its wide applications in drug delivery, clinical diagnostics, bio-imaging and single-cell analysis. It remains a challenge to control and measure the delivered amount in one cell. In this work, we developed a multifunctional nanopipette - containing both a nanopore and nanoelectrode (pyrolytic carbon) at the apex - as a facile, minimally invasive and effective platform for both controllable single-cell intracellular delivery and single-entity counting. While controlled by a micromanipulator, the baseline changes of the nanopore ionic current (I) and nanoelectrode open circuit potential (V) help to guide the nanopipette tip insertion and positioning processes. The delivery from the nanopore barrel can be facilely controlled by the applied nanopore bias. To optimize the intracellular single-entity detection during delivery, we studied the effects of the nanopipette tip geometry and solution salt concentration in controlled experiments. We have successfully delivered gold nanoparticles and biomolecules into the cell, as confirmed by the increased scattering and fluorescence signals, respectively. The delivered entities have also been detected at the single-entity level using either one or both transient I and V signals. We found that the sensitivity of the single-entity electrochemical measurement was greatly affected by the local environment of the cell and varied between cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Popular Pandey
- Physics Department, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA.
| | | | - Santosh Khatri
- Physics Department, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA.
| | - Jin He
- Physics Department, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA. .,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA
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8
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Xu X, Jia J, Guo M. The Most Recent Advances in the Application of Nano-Structures/Nano-Materials for Single-Cell Sampling. Front Chem 2020; 8:718. [PMID: 32974282 PMCID: PMC7469254 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The research in endogenous biomolecules from a single cell has grown rapidly in recent years since it is critical for dissecting and scrutinizing the complexity of heterogeneous tissues, especially under pathological conditions, and it is also of key importance to understand the biological processes and cellular responses to various perturbations without the limitation of population averaging. Although conventional techniques, such as micromanipulation or cell sorting methods, are already used along with subsequent molecular examinations, it remains a big challenge to develop new approaches to manipulate and directly extract small quantities of cytosol from single living cells. In this sense, nanostructure or nanomaterial may play a critical role in overcoming these challenges in cellular manipulation and extraction of very small quantities of cells, and provide a powerful alternative to conventional techniques. Since the nanostructures or nanomaterial could build channels between intracellular and extracellular components across cell membrane, through which cytosol could be pumped out and transferred to downstream analyses. In this review, we will first brief the traditional methods for single cell analyses, and then shift our focus to some most promising methods for single-cell sampling with nanostructures, such as glass nanopipette, nanostraw, carbon nanotube probes and other nanomaterial. In this context, particular attentions will be paid to their principles, preparations, operations, superiorities and drawbacks, and meanwhile the great potential of nano-materials for single-cell sampling will also be highlighted and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Cao Y, Chen H, Qiu R, Hanna M, Ma E, Hjort M, Zhang A, Lewis RS, Wu JC, Melosh NA. Universal intracellular biomolecule delivery with precise dosage control. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaat8131. [PMID: 30402539 PMCID: PMC6209385 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat8131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of mRNA, DNA, and other large macromolecules into cells plays an essential role in an array of biological research and clinical therapies. However, current methods yield a wide variation in the amount of material delivered, as well as limitations on the cell types and cargoes possible. Here, we demonstrate quantitatively controlled delivery into a range of primary cells and cell lines with a tight dosage distribution using a nanostraw-electroporation system (NES). In NES, cells are cultured onto track-etched membranes with protruding nanostraws that connect to the fluidic environment beneath the membrane. The tight cell-nanostraw interface focuses applied electric fields to the cell membrane, enabling low-voltage and nondamaging local poration of the cell membrane. Concurrently, the field electrophoretically injects biomolecular cargoes through the nanostraws and into the cell at the same location. We show that the amount of material delivered is precisely controlled by the applied voltage, delivery duration, and reagent concentration. NES is highly effective even for primary cell types or different cell densities, is largely cargo agnostic, and can simultaneously deliver specific ratios of different molecules. Using a simple cell culture well format, the NES delivers into >100,000 cells within 20 s with >95% cell viability, enabling facile, dosage-controlled intracellular delivery for a wide variety of biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - H. Chen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - R. Qiu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M. Hanna
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - E. Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M. Hjort
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research and Nanometer Structure Consortium, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A. Zhang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - R. S. Lewis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J. C. Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - N. A. Melosh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Shekaramiz E, Doshi R, Wickramasinghe HK. Protein fishing from single live cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:67. [PMID: 30205820 PMCID: PMC6134770 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular protein and proteomic studies using mass spectrometry, imaging microscopy, flow cytometry, or western blotting techniques require genetic manipulation, cell permeabilization, and/or cell lysis. We present a biophysical method that employs a nanoaspirator to 'fish' native cytoplasmic or nuclear proteins from single mammalian cells, without compromising cell viability, followed by ex cellulo quantitative detection. Our work paves the way for spatiotemporally-controlled, quantitative, live, single-cell proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Shekaramiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Rupak Doshi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- InhibRx LLP, 11025 N Torrey Pines Rd, #200, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - H. Kumar Wickramasinghe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA USA
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