1
|
Møller-Hansen I, Sáez-Sáez J, van der Hoek SA, Dyekjær JD, Christensen HB, Wright Muelas M, O’Hagan S, Kell DB, Borodina I. Deorphanizing solute carriers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for secondary uptake of xenobiotic compounds. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1376653. [PMID: 38680917 PMCID: PMC11045925 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1376653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The exchange of small molecules between the cell and the environment happens through transporter proteins. Besides nutrients and native metabolic products, xenobiotic molecules are also transported, however it is not well understood which transporters are involved. In this study, by combining exo-metabolome screening in yeast with transporter characterization in Xenopus oocytes, we mapped the activity of 30 yeast transporters toward six small non-toxic substrates. Firstly, using LC-MS, we determined 385 compounds from a chemical library that were imported and exported by S. cerevisiae. Of the 385 compounds transported by yeast, we selected six compounds (viz. sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2-methylpyrazine, cefadroxil, acrylic acid, 2-benzoxazolol) for characterization against 30 S. cerevisiae xenobiotic transport proteins expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The compounds were selected to represent a diverse set of chemicals with a broad interest in applied microbiology. Twenty transporters showed activity toward one or more of the compounds. The tested transporter proteins were mostly promiscuous in equilibrative transport (i.e., facilitated diffusion). The compounds 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2-methylpyrazine, cefadroxil, and sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine were transported equilibratively by transporters that could transport up to three of the compounds. In contrast, the compounds acrylic acid and 2-benzoxazolol, were strictly transported by dedicated transporters. The prevalence of promiscuous equilibrative transporters of non-native substrates has significant implications for strain development in biotechnology and offers an explanation as to why transporter engineering has been a challenge in metabolic engineering. The method described here can be generally applied to study the transport of other small non-toxic molecules. The yeast transporter library is available at AddGene (ID 79999).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iben Møller-Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Javier Sáez-Sáez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Steven A. van der Hoek
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jane D. Dyekjær
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hanne B. Christensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marina Wright Muelas
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Steve O’Hagan
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu X, Wei H, Yao K, Wu H, Huang T, Han M, Su T, Cao F. Integrative omics studies revealed synergistic link between sucrose metabolic isogenes and carbohydrates in poplar roots infected by Fusarium wilt. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:29. [PMID: 38502380 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Advances in carbohydrate metabolism prompted its essential role in defense priming and sweet immunity during plant-pathogen interactions. Nevertheless, upstream responding enzymes in the sucrose metabolic pathway and associated carbohydrate derivatives underlying fungal pathogen challenges remain to be deciphered in Populus, a model tree species. In silico deduction of genomic features, including phylogenies, exon/intron distributions, cis-regulatory elements, and chromosomal localization, identified 59 enzyme genes (11 families) in the Populus genome. Spatiotemporal expression of the transcriptome and the quantitative real-time PCR revealed a minuscule number of isogenes that were predominantly expressed in roots. Upon the pathogenic Fusarium solani (Fs) exposure, dynamic changes in the transcriptomics atlas and experimental evaluation verified Susy (PtSusy2 and 3), CWI (PtCWI3), VI (PtVI2), HK (PtHK6), FK (PtFK6), and UGPase (PtUGP2) families, displaying promotions in their expressions at 48 and 72 h of post-inoculation (hpi). Using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based non-targeted metabolomics combined with a high-performance ion chromatography system (HPICS), approximately 307 metabolites (13 categories) were annotated that led to the quantification of 46 carbohydrates, showing marked changes between three compared groups. By contrast, some sugars (e.g., sorbitol, L-arabitol, trehalose, and galacturonic acid) exhibited a higher accumulation at 72 hpi than 0 hpi, while levels of α-lactose and glucose decreased, facilitating them as potential signaling molecules. The systematic overview of multi-omics approaches to dissect the effects of Fs infection provides theoretical cues for understanding defense immunity depending on fine-tuned Suc metabolic gene clusters and synergistically linked carbohydrate pools in trees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglei Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Haikun Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Kejun Yao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Fuliang Cao
- College of Foresty, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fiamenghi MB, Prodonoff JS, Borelli G, Carazzolle MF, Pereira GAG, José J. Comparative genomics reveals probable adaptations for xylose use in Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum. Extremophiles 2024; 28:9. [PMID: 38190047 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-023-01327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Second-generation ethanol, a promising biofuel for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, faces challenges due to the inefficient metabolism of xylose, a pentose sugar. Overcoming this hurdle requires exploration of genes, pathways, and organisms capable of fermenting xylose. Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum is an organism capable of naturally fermenting compounds of industrial interest, such as xylose, and understanding evolutionary adaptations may help to bring novel genes and information that can be used for industrial yeast, increasing production of current bio-platforms. This study presents a deep evolutionary study of members of the firmicutes clade, focusing on adaptations in Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum that may be related to overall fermentation metabolism, especially for xylose fermentation. One highlight is the finding of positive selection on a xylose-binding protein of the xylFGH operon, close to the annotated sugar binding site, with this protein already being found to be expressed in xylose fermenting conditions in a previous study. Results from this study can serve as basis for searching for candidate genes to use in industrial strains or to improve Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum as a new microbial cell factory, which may help to solve current problems found in the biofuels' industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Bernabe Fiamenghi
- Laboratory of Genomics and bioEnergy (LGE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Silveira Prodonoff
- Laboratory of Genomics and bioEnergy (LGE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Borelli
- Laboratory of Genomics and bioEnergy (LGE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Falsarella Carazzolle
- Laboratory of Genomics and bioEnergy (LGE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gonçalo Amarante Guimaraes Pereira
- Laboratory of Genomics and bioEnergy (LGE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Juliana José
- Laboratory of Genomics and bioEnergy (LGE), Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun F, Dong X, Li S, Sha H, Gao W, Bai X, Zhang L, Yang H. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of SUT gene family members in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Gene 2023; 870:147422. [PMID: 37031883 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose transporters (SUTs) play an important role in the transmembrane transport and distribution of sucrose, and their activity has an important impact on plant growth and crop yield. In this study, the SUT gene family was identified in the whole beet genome using bioinformatics methods, and gene characteristics, subcellular localization prediction, phylogenetic evolution, promoter cis-elements and expression patterns were systematically analyzed. A total of 9 SUT gene family members were identified from in beet genome and divided into 3 different groups (group 1, group 2, and Group 3), which were unevenly distributed on 4 chromosomes. Most SUT family members contained photoresponsive and hormone-regulated response elements. Subcellular localization prediction showed that the BvSUT genes are all located in the inner membrane, and most of the terms identified through GO enrichment analysis are classified as "membrane" related. The results of RT-qPCR showed that the expression level of the BvSUT gene was significantly higher in the tuber enlargement stage (100-140 d) than in other stages. This study is the first to analyze the BvSUT gene family in sugar beet, and it provides a theoretical basis for the functional exploration and application of SUT genes in crop improvement, especially in sugar crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fenglei Sun
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China.
| | - Xinjiu Dong
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Sizhong Li
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Hong Sha
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Weishi Gao
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Xiaoshan Bai
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Hongze Yang
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
González-Rodríguez T, Pérez-Limón S, Peniche-Pavía H, Rellán-Álvarez R, Sawers RJH, Winkler R. Genetic mapping of maize metabolites using high-throughput mass profiling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 326:111530. [PMID: 36368482 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant metabolites are the basis of human nutrition and have biological relevance in ecology. Farmers selected plants with favorable characteristics since prehistoric times and improved the cultivars, but without knowledge of underlying mechanisms. Understanding the genetic basis of metabolite production can facilitate the successful breeding of plants with augmented nutritional value. To identify genetic factors related to the metabolic composition in maize, we generated mass profiles of 198 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and their parents (B73 and Mo17) using direct-injection electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DLI-ESI MS). Mass profiling allowed the correct clustering of samples according to genotype. We quantified 71 mass features from grains and 236 mass features from leaf extracts. For the corresponding ions, we identified tissue-specific metabolic 'Quantitative Trait Loci' (mQTLs) distributed across the maize genome. These genetic regions could regulate multiple metabolite biosynthesis pathways. Our findings demonstrate that DLI-ESI MS has sufficient analytical resolution to map mQTLs. These identified genetic loci will be helpful in metabolite-focused maize breeding. Mass profiling is a powerful tool for detecting mQTLs in maize and enables the high-throughput screening of loci responsible for metabolite biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzitziki González-Rodríguez
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) Irapuato, Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Mexico
| | - Sergio Pérez-Limón
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Plant Science, State College, PA, USA
| | - Héctor Peniche-Pavía
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) Irapuato, Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Mexico
| | - Rubén Rellán-Álvarez
- North Carolina State University, Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, USA; Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA) - Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (LANGEBIO), Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carr. Irapuato-León, 36824 Irapuato Gto, Mexico
| | - Ruairidh J H Sawers
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Plant Science, State College, PA, USA; Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA) - Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (LANGEBIO), Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carr. Irapuato-León, 36824 Irapuato Gto, Mexico
| | - Robert Winkler
- Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) Irapuato, Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Mexico; Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (UGA) - Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (LANGEBIO), Km. 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carr. Irapuato-León, 36824 Irapuato Gto, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mollah MDA, Zhang X, Zhao L, Jiang X, Ogutu CO, Peng Q, Belal MAA, Yang Q, Cai Y, Nishawy E, Cherono S, Wang L, Han Y. Two vacuolar invertase inhibitors PpINHa and PpINH3 display opposite effects on fruit sugar accumulation in peach. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1033805. [PMID: 36589059 PMCID: PMC9795002 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1033805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soluble sugars are an important determinant of fruit taste, but their accumulation mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we report two vacuolar invertase inhibitor genes involved in sugar accumulation in peach, PpINHa and PpINH3. Transient overexpression of PpINH3 in peach fruits resulted in an increase in sugar content, while the opposite trend was detected for PpINHa. Unexpectedly, PpINH3 and PpINHa both had no physical interaction with vacuolar invertase (VIN). Moreover, the PpVIN genes had no or extremely low expression in fruits at the ripening stage. These results suggested that the regulatory role of PpINHa and PpINH3 in sugar accumulation is unlikely due to their interaction with PpVINs. Additionally, overexpression of PpINHa and PpINH3 had an impact on transcription of genes related to fruit sugar metabolism and transport, which is likely responsible for their regulatory role in fruit sugar accumulation. Altogether, these results indicated an important role of PpINHs in fruit accumulation in peach. Our study provides new insights into molecular mechanisms underlying sugar accumulation, which could be useful for genetic improvement of fruit taste in breeding programs of peach and other fruit crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Dulal Ali Mollah
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ;China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ;China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ;China
| | - Collins O. Ogutu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ;China
| | - Mohammad A. A. Belal
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ;China
| | - Qiurui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ;China
| | - Yaming Cai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ;China
| | - Elsayed Nishawy
- Genetic Resource Department, Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sylvia Cherono
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ;China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Profiling of Aluminum-Activated Malate Transporters in Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) have multiple potential roles in plant metabolism such as regulation of organic acids in fruits, movement of guard cells and inducing tolerance against aluminum stress. However, the systematic characterization of ALMT genes in loquat is yet to be performed. In the current study, 24 putative ALMT genes were identified in the genome of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. To further investigate the role of those ALMT genes, comprehensive bioinformatics and expression analysis were performed. In bioinformatics analysis, the physiochemical properties, conserved domains, gene structure, conserved motif, phylogenetic and syntenic analysis of EjALMT genes were conducted. The result revealed that the ALMT superfamily domain was conserved in all EjALMT proteins. EjALMT proteins were predicted to be localized in the plasma membrane. Genomic structural and motif analysis showed that the exon and motif number of each EjALMT gene ranged dramatically, from 5 to 7, and 6 to 10, respectively. Syntenic analysis indicated that the segmental or whole-genome duplication played a vital role in extension of the EjALMT gene family. The Ka and Ks values of duplicated genes depicted that EjALMT genes have undergone a strong purifying selection. Furthermore, the expression analysis of EjALMT genes was performed in the root, mature leaf, stem, full-bloom flower and ripened fruit of loquat. Some genes were expressed differentially in examined loquat tissues, signifying their differential role in plant growth and development. This study provides the first genome-wide identification, characterization, and relative expression of the ALMT gene family in loquat and provides the foundation for further functional analysis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kang JN, Kim JS, Lee SM, Won SY, Seo MS, Kwon SJ. Analysis of Phenotypic Characteristics and Sucrose Metabolism in the Roots of Raphanus sativus L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:716782. [PMID: 34745157 PMCID: PMC8566945 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.716782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The taproot of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is an important sink organ; it is morphologically diverse and contains large amounts of secondary metabolites. Sucrose metabolism is believed to be important in the development of sink organs. We measured the amounts of glucose, fructose, and sucrose in the roots of sixty three radish accessions and analyzed the association between the sugar content and the root phenotype. Fructose content correlated with the root color and length characteristics, glucose was the most abundant sugar in the roots, and the sucrose content was very low, compared to that of the hexoses in most of the accessions. Expression analysis of the genes involved in sucrose metabolism, transportation, starch synthesis, and cell wall synthesis was performed through RNA sequencing. The genes encoding sucrose synthases (SUSY) and the enzymes involved in the synthesis of cellulose were highly expressed, indicating that SUSY is involved in cell wall synthesis in radish roots. The positive correlation coefficient (R) between the sucrose content and the expression of cell wall invertase and sugar transporter proteins suggest that hexose accumulation could occur through the apoplastic pathway in radish roots. A positive R score was also obtained when comparing the expression of genes encoding SUSY and fructokinase (FK), suggesting that the fructose produced by SUSY is mostly phosphorylated by FK. In addition, we concluded that sucrose was the most metabolized sugar in radish roots.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ghouili E, Sassi K, Jebara M, Hidri Y, Ouertani RN, Muhovski Y, Jebara SH, El Ayed M, Abdelkarim S, Chaieb O, Jallouli S, Kalleli F, M’hamdi M, Souissi F, Abid G. Physiological responses and expression of sugar associated genes in faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) exposed to osmotic stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:135-150. [PMID: 33627968 PMCID: PMC7873190 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00935-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is the major food legume crop in Tunisia. However, its growth and yield is strongly affected by water-limited environments. In this study, osmotic stress exhibited a negative effect on Bachar and Badii cultivar. Nevertheless, the deteriorating effects of osmotic stress were relatively low on studied parameters of Bachar due to its better efficiency to reduce oxidative damage by increasing enzymatic activities such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), accumulation of total chlorophyll (Chlt), soluble sugars and leaf relative water content (RWC). GC-MS analysis determined a total of 11 soluble carbohydrates induced by osmotic stress and differentially accumulated in the both cultivars. Bachar showed elevated levels of mannose, glucose, galactose, ribose, rhamnose and myo-inositol which might help to maintain osmotic adjustment, membranes and proteins protection from the damaging effect of reactive oxygen species. Sugar metabolism related genes (VfNINV3, VfPHS2, VfFRK4, VfHXK1, VfGPI1, VfSTP1.1, VfpGlcT1.1, VfSTP5.1, VfpGlcT1.2, VfSWEET2.1, VfVINV2, VfSUS1, VfPGM1, VfSUT1.1, VfGPT1, VfSPS1, VfSPP1, VfPHS1, VfSUT4.1 and VfTMT1.1) were differentially expressed in both cultivars demonstrating their important roles in sugar accumulation. Most of these genes were upregulated in the leaves of Bachar under moderate and severe stress, which could lead to increase glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle in order to accelerate energy production, necessary to increase osmotic regulation and consequently enhancing the osmotic stress tolerance in that cultivar. Overall, sugars accumulation ability can be used as a useful indicator for the osmotic stress tolerant potential in faba bean breeding programs. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1007/s12298-021-00935-1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emna Ghouili
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Sassi
- Laboratory of Agronomy, National Agronomy Institute of Tunisia (INAT), University of Carthage, Avenue Charles Nicolle, BP 43, 1082 Tunis-Mahrajène, Tunisia
| | - Moez Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Hidri
- Laboratory of Integrated Olive Production, Olive Tree Institute, BP 208, 1082 Tunis-Mahrajène, Tunisia
| | - Rim Nefissi Ouertani
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Yordan Muhovski
- Department of Life Sciences, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Chaussée de Charleroi, BP 234, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Salwa Harzalli Jebara
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed El Ayed
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Souhir Abdelkarim
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Oumaima Chaieb
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Selim Jallouli
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Kalleli
- Department of Horticultural Sciences and Vegetable Crops, High Institute of Agronomy of Chott Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud M’hamdi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences and Vegetable Crops, High Institute of Agronomy of Chott Mariem, University of Sousse, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Souissi
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Peng Q, Cai Y, Lai E, Nakamura M, Liao L, Zheng B, Ogutu C, Cherono S, Han Y. The sucrose transporter MdSUT4.1 participates in the regulation of fruit sugar accumulation in apple. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:191. [PMID: 32375636 PMCID: PMC7203859 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugar content is an important determinant of fruit sweetness, but details on the complex molecular mechanism underlying fruit sugar accumulation remain scarce. Here, we report the role of sucrose transporter (SUT) family in regulating fruit sugar accumulation in apple. RESULTS Gene-tagged markers were developed to conduct candidate gene-based association study, and an SUT4 member MdSUT4.1 was found to be significantly associated with fruit sugar accumulation. MdSUT4.1 encodes a tonoplast localized protein and its expression level had a negative correlation with fruit sugar content. Overexpression of MdSUT4.1 in strawberry and apple callus had an overall negative impact on sugar accumulation, suggesting that it functions to remobilize sugar out of the vacuole. In addition, MdSUT4.1 is located on chromosomal region harboring a previously reported QTL for sugar content, suggesting that it is a candidate gene for fruit sugar accumulation in apple. CONCLUSIONS MdSUT4.1 is involved in the regulation of fruit sugar accumulation in apple. This study is not only helpful for understanding the complex mechanism of fruit sugar accumulation, but it also provides molecular tools for genetic improvement of fruit quality in breeding programs of apple.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaming Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Enhui Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Masayoshi Nakamura
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Liao Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Beibei Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Collins Ogutu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sylvia Cherono
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Apple P3A-Type ATPase Genes, with Implications for Alkaline Stress Responses. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11030292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The P3A-type ATPases play crucial roles in various physiological processes via the generation of a transmembrane H+ gradient (∆pH). However, the P3A-type ATPase superfamily in apple remains relatively uncharacterized. In this study, 15 apple P3A-type ATPase genes were identified based on the new GDDH13 draft genome sequence. The exon-intron organization of these genes, the physical and chemical properties, and conserved motifs of the encoded enzymes were investigated. Analyses of the chromosome localization and ω values of the apple P3A-type ATPase genes revealed the duplicated genes were influenced by purifying selection pressure. Six clades and frequent old duplication events were detected. Moreover, the significance of differences in the evolutionary rates of the P3A-type ATPase genes were revealed. An expression analysis indicated that all of the P3A-type ATPase genes were specifically expressed in more than one tissue. The expression of one P3A-type ATPase gene (MD15G1108400) was significantly upregulated in response to alkaline stress. Furthermore, a subcellular localization assay indicated that MD15G1108400 is targeted to the plasma membrane. These results imply that MD15G1108400 may be involved in responses to alkaline stress. Our data provide insights into the molecular characteristics and evolutionary patterns of the apple P3A-type ATPase gene family and provide a theoretical foundation for future in-depth functional characterizations of P3A-type ATPase genes under alkaline conditions.
Collapse
|
12
|
Al-Sheikh Ahmed S, Zhang J, Ma W, Dell B. Contributions of TaSUTs to grain weight in wheat under drought. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 98:333-347. [PMID: 30288667 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The homologous genes to OsSUT1-5 in wheat were identified and detailed analysed. TaSUT1 was the predominant sucrose transporter group and it illustrated the genotypic variations towards drought during grain filling. Sucrose transporters (SUT) play crucial roles in wheat stem water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) remobilization to grain. To determine the major functional SUT gene groups in shoot parts of wheat during grain development, drought tolerant varieties, Westonia and Kauz, were investigated in field drought experiments. Fourteen homologous genes to OsSUT1-5 were identified on five homeologous groups, namely TaSUT1_4A, TaSUT1_4B, TaSUT1_4D; TaSUT2_5A, TaSUT2_5B, TaSUT2_5D; TaSUT3_1A, TaSUT3_1D; TaSUT4_6A, TaSUT4_6B, TaSUT4_6D; TaSUT5_2A, TaSUT5_2B, and TaSUT5_2D, and their gene structures were analysed. Wheat plants above the ground were harvested from pre-anthesis to grain maturity and the stem, leaf sheath, rachis, lemma and developing grain were used for analysing TaSUT gene expression. Grain weight, thousand grain weight, kernel number per spike, biomass and stem WSC were characterized. The study showed that among the five TaSUT groups, TaSUT1 was the predominant sucrose transporting group in all organs sampled, and the expression was particularly high in the developing grain. In contrast to TaSUT1, the gene expression levels of TaSUT2, TaSUT3 and TaSUT4 were lower, except for TaSUT3 which showed preferential expression in the lemma before anthesis. The TaSUT5 gene group was very weakly expressed in all tissues. The upregulated gene expression of TaSUT1 Westonia type in stem and grain reveal a crucial role in stem WSC remobilization to grain under drought. The high TaSUT1 gene expression and the significant correlations with thousand grain weight (TGW) and kernel number per spike demonstrated the contribution in Kauz's high grain yield in an irrigated environment and high TGW in Westonia under drought stress. Further molecular level identification is required for gene marker development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Al-Sheikh Ahmed
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| | - Wujun Ma
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Bernard Dell
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang C, Bian Y, Hou S, Li X. Sugar transport played a more important role than sugar biosynthesis in fruit sugar accumulation during Chinese jujube domestication. PLANTA 2018; 248:1187-1199. [PMID: 30094488 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2971-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Sugar transport, including the symplasmic pathway in plasmodesmata and apoplasmic pathway mediated by sugar transporters, accelerated sugar accumulation in cultivated jujube, while sugar metabolism-related genes played weak roles in jujube domestication. The fruit of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is high in sugar concentration. By contrast, wild type-sour jujube (Z. jujuba Mill. var. spinosa Hu) contains markedly less sugar. It is unknown whether sugar transport or sugar metabolism drove sugar accumulation during jujube domestication. Using a combination of ultrastructural observations, phylogenetic analysis, testing for soluble sugars, and transcriptional analysis, the sugar accumulation mechanism was studied in the developmental stages of cultivated jujube and sour jujube. Our results indicate that the symplasmic transport pathway in plasmodesmata is present in cultivated jujube, but not in sour jujube. Sugar transporter genes have higher frequencies of duplication than sugar metabolism-related genes. Gene expression patterns indicate that sugar transporter genes, especially ZjSUT2, ZjSWEET1, ZjSWEET7, ZjSWEET11, ZjSTP3, and ZjSTP13a, rather than sugar metabolism-related genes showed higher expression levels in cultivated jujube versus sour jujube during fruit sugar accumulation. These findings suggest that sugar transport, including apoplasmic and symplasmic transport, rather than sugar biosynthesis, is associated with the difference in sugar accumulation between jujube and sour jujube, and that it may drive jujube domestication. This study provides valuable genetic information for jujube improvement, and offers new insights into fruit tree domestication related to sugar accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhang
- Center for Jujube Engineering and Technology of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yuan Bian
- Center for Jujube Engineering and Technology of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Sihao Hou
- Center for Jujube Engineering and Technology of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xingang Li
- Center for Jujube Engineering and Technology of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ma B, Yuan Y, Gao M, Xing L, Li C, Li M, Ma F. Genome-wide Identification, Classification, Molecular Evolution and Expression Analysis of Malate Dehydrogenases in Apple. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3312. [PMID: 30356028 PMCID: PMC6274877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Malate dehydrogenase plays crucial roles in energy homeostasis, plant development and cold and salt tolerance, as it mediates the reversible conversion of malate to oxaloacetate. However, the evolutionary pattern of MDH genes in apple remains elusive. In this study, a total of 20 MDH genes were identified from the "Golden Delicious" apple draft genome. We revealed the physiological and biochemical properties, gene structure, and conserved motifs of MdMDH genes. Chromosomal localization and Ka/Ks ratio analysis of MdMDH genes revealed different selective pressures acted on duplicated MdMDH genes. Exploration of the phylogenetic relationships revealed six clades and similar frequencies between old and recent duplications, and significant differences in the evolutionary rates of the MDH gene family were observed. One MdMDH gene, MDP0000807458, which was highly expressed during apple fruit development and flower bud differentiation, was under positive selection. Thus, we speculated that MDP0000807458 is a likely candidate gene involved in regulation of flower bud differentiation and organic acid metabolism in apple fruits. This study provides a foundation for improved understanding of the molecular evolution of MdMDH genes and further facilitates the functional analysis of MDP0000807458 to unravel its exact role in flower bud differentiation and organic acid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baiquan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yangyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Meng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Libo Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Cuiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Mingjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shammai A, Petreikov M, Yeselson Y, Faigenboim A, Moy-Komemi M, Cohen S, Cohen D, Besaulov E, Efrati A, Houminer N, Bar M, Ast T, Schuldiner M, Klemens PAW, Neuhaus E, Baxter CJ, Rickett D, Bonnet J, White R, Giovannoni JJ, Levin I, Schaffer A. Natural genetic variation for expression of a SWEET transporter among wild species of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) determines the hexose composition of ripening tomato fruit. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:343-357. [PMID: 30044900 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The sugar content of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) fruit is a primary determinant of taste and quality. Cultivated tomato fruit are characterized by near-equimolar levels of the hexoses glucose and fructose, derived from the hydrolysis of translocated sucrose. As fructose is perceived as approximately twice as sweet as glucose, increasing its concentration at the expense of glucose can improve tomato fruit taste. Introgressions of the FgrH allele from the wild species Solanum habrochaites (LA1777) into cultivated tomato increased the fructose-to-glucose ratio of the ripe fruit by reducing glucose levels and concomitantly increasing fructose levels. In order to identify the function of the Fgr gene, we combined a fine-mapping strategy with RNAseq differential expression analysis of near-isogenic tomato lines. The results indicated that a SWEET protein was strongly upregulated in the lines with a high fructose-to-glucose ratio. Overexpressing the SWEET protein in transgenic tomato plants dramatically reduced the glucose levels and increased the fructose : glucose ratio in the developing fruit, thereby proving the function of the protein. The SWEET protein was localized to the plasma membrane and expression of the SlFgr gene in a yeast line lacking native hexose transporters complemented growth with glucose, but not with fructose. These results indicate that the SlFgr gene encodes a plasma membrane-localized glucose efflux transporter of the SWEET family, the overexpression of which reduces glucose levels and may allow for increased fructose levels. This article identifies the function of the tomato Fgr gene as a SWEET transporter, the upregulation of which leads to a modified sugar accumulation pattern in the fleshy fruit. The results point to the potential of the inedible wild species to improve fruit sugar accumulation via sugar transport mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arik Shammai
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Marina Petreikov
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Yelena Yeselson
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Adi Faigenboim
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Michal Moy-Komemi
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Shahar Cohen
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Dvir Cohen
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Eduard Besaulov
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Ari Efrati
- Zeraim-Syngenta Seed Co., Gedera, Israel
| | | | - Moshe Bar
- Zeraim-Syngenta Seed Co., Gedera, Israel
| | - Tslil Ast
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - P A W Klemens
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Charles J Baxter
- Syngenta Seed Co., Jeallott's Hill Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - Dan Rickett
- Syngenta Seed Co., Jeallott's Hill Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - Julien Bonnet
- Syngenta Seed Co., Toulouse Innovation Center, Saint Sauveur, France
| | - Ruth White
- USDA-ARS and Boyce-Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Ilan Levin
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Arthur Schaffer
- Institute of Plant Sciences Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ma B, Yuan Y, Gao M, Qi T, Li M, Ma F. Genome-Wide Identification, Molecular Evolution, and Expression Divergence of Aluminum-Activated Malate Transporters in Apples. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2807. [PMID: 30231490 PMCID: PMC6163302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) play an important role in aluminum tolerance, stomatal opening, and fruit acidity in plants. However, the evolutionary pattern of the ALMT gene family in apples remains relatively unknown. In this study, a total of 25 MdALMT genes were identified from the apple reference genome of the "Golden Delicious" doubled-haploid tree (GDDH13). The physiological and biochemical properties, gene structure, and conserved motifs of MdALMT genes were examined. Chromosome location and gene-duplication analysis indicated that whole-genome duplication/segmental duplication played an important role in the expansion of the MdALMT gene family. The Ka/Ks ratio of duplicated MdALMT genes showed that members of this family have undergone strong purifying selection. Through exploration of the phylogenetic relationships, seven subgroups were classified, and higher old gene duplication frequency and significantly different evolutionary rates of the ALMT gene families were detected. In addition, the functional divergence of ALMT genes occurred during the evolutionary process of Rosaceae species. Furthermore, the functional divergence of MdALMT genes was confirmed by expression discrepancy and different subcellular localizations. This study provides the foundation to better understand the molecular evolution of MdALMT genes and further facilitate functional analysis to unravel their exact role in apples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baiquan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yangyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Meng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Tonghui Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Mingjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mizuno H, Kasuga S, Kawahigashi H. Root lodging is a physical stress that changes gene expression from sucrose accumulation to degradation in sorghum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:2. [PMID: 29298675 PMCID: PMC5751775 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) is used as a raw material for biofuels because it accumulates sugars at high levels in the stem. Lodging of sorghum occurs when the soil is wet and very high winds blow across the field. In root lodging, the roots are pulled loose from the soil, causing the plant to fall over. Lodging reduces the yield of nonstructural carbohydrates. It is not yet clear which genes show changes in expression when sorghum falls over. We compared whole-gene expression in the mature stems of intact and lodged sorghum plants, with a focus on comparisons from the perspective of differences in sugar accumulation or degradation. RESULTS Lodging decreased sucrose content, starch content, and ratio of sucrose to total sugars in the stems of the sorghum cultivar SIL-05. Particular paralogs of SWEET and TMT family genes, which encode sucrose or hexose transporters, or both, were significantly highly expressed in intact or lodged sorghum stems. In intact stems, genes encoding the glucose-6-phosphate translocator, aquaporins, and enzymes involved in photosynthesis and starch synthesis were highly expressed. In lodged sorghum stems, expression of genes associated with sucrose or starch degradation or energy production was increased. Notably, expression of genes encoding enzymes catalyzing irreversible reactions and associated with the first steps of these metabolic pathways (e.g. INV, SUS, and hexokinase- and fructokinase-encoding genes) was significantly increased by lodging. Expression of SUT, SPS, and SPP was almost the same in intact and lodged sorghum. CONCLUSIONS Specific paralogs of sucrose-associated genes involved in metabolic pathways and in membrane transport were expressed in the stems of sorghum SIL-05 at the full-ripe stage. Root lodging drastically changed the expression of these genes from sucrose accumulation to degradation. The changes in gene expression resulted in decreases in sugar content and in the proportion of sucrose to hexoses in the stems of lodged plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Mizuno
- Institute of Crop Science (NICS), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 Japan
| | - Shigemitsu Kasuga
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Nagano, 399-4598 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawahigashi
- Institute of Crop Science (NICS), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-2, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8518 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhen Q, Fang T, Peng Q, Liao L, Zhao L, Owiti A, Han Y. Developing gene-tagged molecular markers for evaluation of genetic association of apple SWEET genes with fruit sugar accumulation. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2018; 5:14. [PMID: 29581882 PMCID: PMC5859117 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-018-0024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Sugar content is an important component of fruit quality. Although sugar transporters are known to be crucial for sugar accumulation, the role of genes encoding SWEET sugar transporters in fruit sugar accumulation remains elusive. Here we report the effect of the SWEET genes on fruit sugar accumulation in apple. A total of 25 MdSWEET genes were identified in the apple genome, and 9 were highly expressed throughout fruit development. Molecular markers of these 9 MdSWEET genes were developed and used for genotyping of 188 apple cultivars. The association of polymorphic MdSWEET genes with soluble sugar content in mature fruit was analyzed. Three genes, MdSWEET2e, MdSWEET9b, and MdSWEET15a, were significantly associated with fruit sugar content, with MdSWEET15a and MdSWEET9b accounting for a relatively large proportion of phenotypic variation in sugar content. Moreover, both MdSWEET9b and MdSWEET15a are located on chromosomal regions harboring QTLs for sugar content. Hence, MdSWEET9b and MdSWEET15a are likely candidates regulating fruit sugar accumulation in apple. Our study not only presents an efficient way of implementing gene functional study but also provides molecular tools for genetic improvement of fruit quality in apple-breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Liao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Albert Owiti
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074 China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018 China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang Z, Xia J, Pan H, Gong C, Xie W, Guo Z, Zheng H, Yang X, Yang F, Wu Q, Wang S, Zhang Y. Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of Sugar Transporter Family in the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Front Physiol 2017; 8:322. [PMID: 28588501 PMCID: PMC5440588 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar transporters (STs) play pivotal roles in the growth, development, and stress responses of phloem-sucking insects, such as the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. In this study, 137 sugar transporters (STs) were identified based on analysis of the genome and transcriptome of B. tabaci MEAM1. B. tabaci MEAM1 encodes a larger number of STs than other selected insects. Phylogenetic and molecular evolution analysis showed that the 137 STs formed three expanded clades and that the genes in Sternorrhyncha expanded clades had accelerated rates of evolution. B. tabaci sugar transporters (BTSTs) were divided into three groups based on their expression profiles across developmental stages; however, no host-specific BTST was found in B. tabaci fed on different host plants. Feeding of B. tabaci adults with feeding diet containing dsRNA significantly reduced the transcript level of the target genes in B. tabaci and mortality was significantly improved in B. tabaci fed on dsRNA compared to the control, which indicates the sugar transporters may be used as potential RNAi targets for B. tabaci bio-control. These results provide a foundation for further studies of STs in B. tabaci.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zezhong Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha, China.,Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Jixing Xia
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China.,Department of Biocontrol, Institute of Plant Protection, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin, China
| | - Huipeng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Gong
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Zhaojiang Guo
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Huixin Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha, China.,Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Fengshan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Qingjun Wu
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Shaoli Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing, China
| |
Collapse
|