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Sun Q, Zhang L, Chen T, Li N, Tan F, Gu X, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Lu Y, Lu J, Qian X, Guan B, Qi J, Ye F, Chai R. AAV-mediated Gpm6b expression supports hair cell reprogramming. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13620. [PMID: 38400824 PMCID: PMC11216921 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Irreversible damage to hair cells (HCs) in the cochlea leads to hearing loss. Cochlear supporting cells (SCs) in the murine cochlea have the potential to differentiate into HCs. Neuron membrane glycoprotein M6B (Gpm6b) as a four-transmembrane protein is a potential regulator of HC regeneration according to our previous research. In this study, we found that AAV-ie-mediated Gpm6b overexpression promoted SC-derived organoid expansion. Enhanced Gpm6b prevented the normal decrease in SC plasticity as the cochlea develops by supporting cells re-entry cell cycle and facilitating the SC-to-HC transformation. Also, overexpression of Gpm6b in the organ of Corti through the round window membrane injection facilitated the trans-differentiation of Lgr5+ SCs into HCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that Gpm6b overexpression promotes HC regeneration and highlights a promising target for hearing repair using the inner ear stem cells combined with AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Liyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Nianci Li
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fangzhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xingliang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yinyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yicheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jie Lu
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolJiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline(Laboratory)NanjingChina
| | - Bing Guan
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Jieyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fanglei Ye
- Department of OtologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongChina
- Institute for Stem Cells and RegenerationChinese Academy of ScienceBeijingChina
- Southeast University Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenChina
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Heffer A, Lee C, Holt JC, Kiernan AE. Notch1 is required to maintain supporting cell identity and vestibular function during maturation of the mammalian balance organs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.21.600098. [PMID: 38948821 PMCID: PMC11212955 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.21.600098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The inner ear houses two sensory modalities: the hearing organ, located in the cochlea, and the balance organs, located throughout the vestibular regions of the ear. Both hearing and vestibular sensory regions are composed of similar cell types, including hair cells and associated supporting cells. Recently, we showed that Notch1 is required for maintaining supporting cell survival postnatally during cochlear maturation. However, it is not known whether Notch1 plays a similar role in the balance organs of the inner ear. To characterize the role of Notch during vestibular maturation, we conditionally deleted Notch1 from Sox2-expressing cells of the vestibular organs in the mouse at P0/P1. Histological analyses showed a dramatic loss of supporting cells accompanied by an increase in type II hair cells without cell death, indicating the supporting cells are converting to hair cells in the maturing vestibular regions. Analysis of 6-week old animals indicate that the converted hair cells survive, despite the reduction of supporting cells. Interestingly, measurements of vestibular sensory evoked potentials (VsEPs), known to be generated in the striolar regions of the vestibular afferents in the maculae, failed to show a response, indicating that NOTCH1 expression is critical for striolar function postnatally. Consistent with this, we find that the specialized type I hair cells in the striola fail to develop the complex calyces typical of these cells. These defects are likely due to the reduction in supporting cells, which have previously been shown to express factors critical for the striolar region. Similar to other mutants that lack proper striolar development, Notch1 mutants do not exhibit typical vestibular behaviors such as circling and head shaking, but do show difficulties in some vestibular tests, including the balance beam and forced swim test. These results indicate that, unlike the hearing organ in which the supporting cells undergo cell death, supporting cells in the balance regions retain the ability to convert to hair cells during maturation, which survive into adulthood despite the reduction in supporting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Heffer
- Flaum Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Choongheon Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Joseph C. Holt
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Dept. of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Amy E. Kiernan
- Flaum Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
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Cheng C, Zhu G, Wang K, Bu C, Li S, Qiu Y, Lu J, Ji X, Hao W, Wang J, Zhu C, Yang Y, Gu Y, Qian X, Yu C, Gao X. Deletion of Luzp2 Does Not Cause Hearing Loss in Mice. Neurosci Bull 2024:10.1007/s12264-024-01202-5. [PMID: 38589712 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Deafness is the prevailing sensory impairment among humans, impacting every aspect of one's existence. Half of congenital deafness cases are attributed to genetic factors. Studies have shown that Luzp2 is expressed in hair cells (HCs) and supporting cells of the inner ear, but its specific role in hearing remains unclear. To determine the importance of Luzp2 in auditory function, we generated mice deficient in Luzp2. Our results revealed that Luzp2 has predominant expression within the HCs and pillar cells. However, the loss of Luzp2 did not result in any changes in auditory threshold. HCs or synapse number and HC stereocilia morphology in Luzp2 knockout mice did not show any notable distinctions. This was the first study of the role of Luzp2 in hearing in mice, and our results provide important guidance for the screening of deafness genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guangjie Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Kaijian Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qidong People's Hospital, Qidong Liver Cancer Institute, Affiliated Qidong Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226200, China
| | - Chuan Bu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, 222000, China
| | - Siyu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Xinya Ji
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Wenli Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Junguo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chengwen Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yajun Gu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chenjie Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Zhu K, Wang T, Li S, Liu Z, Zhan Y, Zhang Q. NcRNA: key and potential in hearing loss. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1333131. [PMID: 38298898 PMCID: PMC10827912 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1333131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss has an extremely high prevalence worldwide and brings incredible economic and social burdens. Mechanisms such as epigenetics are profoundly involved in the initiation and progression of hearing loss and potentially yield definite strategies for hearing loss treatment. Non-coding genes occupy 97% of the human genome, and their transcripts, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), are widely participated in regulating various physiological and pathological situations. NcRNAs, mainly including micro-RNAs (miRNAs), long-stranded non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are involved in the regulation of cell metabolism and cell death by modulating gene expression and protein-protein interactions, thus impacting the occurrence and prognosis of hearing loss. This review provides a detailed overview of ncRNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs, in the pathogenesis of hearing loss. We also discuss the shortcomings and issues that need to be addressed in the study of hearing loss ncRNAs in the hope of providing viable therapeutic strategies for the precise treatment of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sicheng Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zeming Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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5
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Qi J, Huang W, Lu Y, Yang X, Zhou Y, Chen T, Wang X, Yu Y, Sun JQ, Chai R. Stem Cell-Based Hair Cell Regeneration and Therapy in the Inner Ear. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:113-126. [PMID: 37787875 PMCID: PMC10774470 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01130-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss has become increasingly prevalent and causes considerable disability, thus gravely burdening the global economy. Irreversible loss of hair cells is a main cause of sensorineural hearing loss, and currently, the only relatively effective clinical treatments are limited to digital hearing equipment like cochlear implants and hearing aids, but these are of limited benefit in patients. It is therefore urgent to understand the mechanisms of damage repair in order to develop new neuroprotective strategies. At present, how to promote the regeneration of functional hair cells is a key scientific question in the field of hearing research. Multiple signaling pathways and transcriptional factors trigger the activation of hair cell progenitors and ensure the maturation of newborn hair cells, and in this article, we first review the principal mechanisms underlying hair cell reproduction. We then further discuss therapeutic strategies involving the co-regulation of multiple signaling pathways in order to induce effective functional hair cell regeneration after degeneration, and we summarize current achievements in hair cell regeneration. Lastly, we discuss potential future approaches, such as small molecule drugs and gene therapy, which might be applied for regenerating functional hair cells in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Wenjuan Huang
- Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yicheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xuehan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yinyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Tian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yafeng Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Jia-Qiang Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Wu J, Zhang Y, Mao S, Li W, Li G, Li H, Sun S. Cross-species analysis and comparison of the inner ear between chickens and mice. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:1443-1458. [PMID: 37462291 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The inner ear of mammals includes the cochlea and vestibule, which house specialized hair cells that are responsible for hearing and balance, respectively. While cochlear hair cells fail to regenerate following damage, those of the utricle, which is part of the vestibular apparatus, show partial regeneration. In birds, the macula lagena, a unique ear structure in this clade, has the ability to regenerate hair cells similarly to the utricle. Many studies have sought to explain regeneration in terms of evolution and species differences. However, it remains unclear what the cellular and molecular basis is behind the differences in inner ear structures and between avians and mammals. In the present study, we first investigated the anatomical structures of the inner ear of both chickens and rodents. We then performed RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and made cross-species analyses of the expression of homologous genes obtained from the inner ear tissue from both chickens and mice. Finally, we focused on the lagena, the basilar papilla, and the utricle in chickens and identified differentially expressed genes between tissues and determined the expression patterns of genes involved in inner ear structure formation by single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk RNA-Seq. We concluded that the cellular and molecular composition of the lagena is more similar to that of the utricle than the cochlea. Taken together, our study provides a valuable resource for the study of inner ear evolution and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Wu
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yunzhong Zhang
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shihang Mao
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guangfei Li
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Huawei Li
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shan Sun
- Department of ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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7
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Bing J, Sun J, Zhao R, Sun L, Xi C, Liu J, Zhang X, Zeng S. The effects of Wnt, BMP, and Notch signaling pathways on cell proliferation and neural differentiation in a song control nucleus (HVC) of Lonchura striata. Dev Neurobiol 2023; 83:157-166. [PMID: 37433016 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
There is obvious sexual dimorphism in the song control system of songbirds. In the higher vocal center (HVC), cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation contribute to the net addition of neurons. However, the mechanism underlying these changes is unclear. Given that Wnt, Bmp, and Notch pathways are involved in cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation, no reports are available to study the role of the three pathways in the song control system. To address the issue, we studied cell proliferation in the ventricle zone overlying the developing HVC and neural differentiation within the HVC of Bengalese finches (Lonchura striata) at posthatching day 15 when HVC progenitor cells are generated on a large scale and differentiate into neurons, after Wnt and Bmp pathways were activated by using a pharmacological agonist (LiCl) or Bmp4, respectively, and the Notch pathway was inhibited by an inhibitor (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester), DAPT). The results indicated that both cell proliferation and neural differentiation toward HVC neurons increased significantly after activation of the Wnt signaling pathway or inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway. Although cell proliferation was increased, neural differentiation was inhibited after treatment with Bmp4. There was obvious synergetic enhancement in the number of proliferating cells after the coregulation of two or three signaling pathways. In addition, synergetic enhancement was also found in the Wnt and Notch pathways in neural differentiation toward neurons within HVC. These results suggest that the three signaling pathways are involved in cell proliferation and neural differentiation of HVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bing
- Beijing, Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Beijing, Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Beijing, Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Sun
- Beijing, Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Xi
- Beijing, Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Beijing, Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Hainan, Institute of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Shaoju Zeng
- Beijing, Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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8
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Zhang L, Fang Y, Tan F, Guo F, Zhang Z, Li N, Sun Q, Qi J, Chai R. AAV-Net1 facilitates the trans-differentiation of supporting cells into hair cells in the murine cochlea. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:86. [PMID: 36917323 PMCID: PMC11072078 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive hair cells (HCs) in the cochlear sensory epithelium are critical for sound detection and transduction. Mammalian HCs in the cochlea undergo cytogenesis during embryonic development, and irreversible damage to hair cells postnatally is a major cause of deafness. During the development of the organ of Corti, HCs and supporting cells (SCs) originate from the same precursors. In the neonatal cochlea, damage to HCs activates adjacent SCs to act as HC precursors and to differentiate into new HCs. However, the plasticity of SCs to produce new HCs is gradually lost with cochlear development. Here, we delineate an essential role for the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Net1 in SC trans-differentiation into HCs. Net1 overexpression mediated by AAV-ie in SCs promoted cochlear organoid formation and HC differentiation under two and three-dimensional culture conditions. Also, AAV-Net1 enhanced SC proliferation in Lgr5-EGFPCreERT2 mice and HC generation as indicated by lineage tracing of HCs in the cochleae of Lgr5-EGFPCreERT2/Rosa26-tdTomatoloxp/loxp mice. We further found that the up-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling in AAV-Net1-transduced cochleae might be responsible for the SC proliferation and HC differentiation. Also, Net1 overexpression in SCs enhanced SC proliferation and HC regeneration and survival after HC damage by neomycin. Taken together, our study suggests that Net1 might serve as a potential target for HC regeneration and that AAV-mediated gene regulation may be a promising approach in stem cell-based therapy in hearing restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Fangzhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Fangfang Guo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Nianci Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Qiuhan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jieyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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9
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Wang J, Zheng J, Wang H, He H, Li S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xu X, Wang S. Gene therapy: an emerging therapy for hair cells regeneration in the cochlea. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1177791. [PMID: 37207182 PMCID: PMC10188948 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1177791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is typically caused by damage to the cochlear hair cells (HCs) due to external stimuli or because of one's genetic factors and the inability to convert sound mechanical energy into nerve impulses. Adult mammalian cochlear HCs cannot regenerate spontaneously; therefore, this type of deafness is usually considered irreversible. Studies on the developmental mechanisms of HC differentiation have revealed that nonsensory cells in the cochlea acquire the ability to differentiate into HCs after the overexpression of specific genes, such as Atoh1, which makes HC regeneration possible. Gene therapy, through in vitro selection and editing of target genes, transforms exogenous gene fragments into target cells and alters the expression of genes in target cells to activate the corresponding differentiation developmental program in target cells. This review summarizes the genes that have been associated with the growth and development of cochlear HCs in recent years and provides an overview of gene therapy approaches in the field of HC regeneration. It concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the current therapeutic approaches to facilitate the early implementation of this therapy in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianwei Zheng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haoying He
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: You Wang,
| | - Xiaoxiang Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Xiaoxiang Xu,
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Shuyi Wang,
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10
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Connolly K, Gonzalez-Cordero A. Modelling inner ear development and disease using pluripotent stem cells - a pathway to new therapeutic strategies. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049593. [PMID: 36331565 PMCID: PMC10621662 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensory epithelia of the mammalian inner ear enable sound and movement to be perceived. Damage to these epithelia can cause irreversible sensorineural hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction because they lack regenerative capacity. The human inner ear cannot be biopsied without causing permanent damage, significantly limiting the tissue samples available for research. Investigating disease pathology and therapeutic developments have therefore traditionally relied on animal models, which often cannot completely recapitulate the human otic systems. These challenges are now being partly addressed using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cultures, which generate the sensory epithelial-like tissues of the inner ear. Here, we review how pluripotent stem cells have been used to produce two-dimensional and three-dimensional otic cultures, the strengths and limitations of these new approaches, and how they have been employed to investigate genetic and acquired forms of audiovestibular dysfunction. This Review provides an overview of the progress in pluripotent stem cell-derived otic cultures thus far, focusing on their applications in disease modelling and therapeutic trials. We survey their current limitations and future directions, highlighting their prospective utility for high-throughput drug screening and developing personalised medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeva Connolly
- Stem Cell Medicine Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, 2145 NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, 2145 NSW, Australia
| | - Anai Gonzalez-Cordero
- Stem Cell Medicine Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, 2145 NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, 2145 NSW, Australia
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11
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Chen ZR, Guo JY, He L, Liu S, Xu JY, Yang ZJ, Su W, Liu K, Gong SS, Wang GP. Co-transduction of dual-adeno-associated virus vectors in the neonatal and adult mouse utricles. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1020803. [PMID: 36340687 PMCID: PMC9629838 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1020803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene transfer is an efficient method of gene over-expression in the vestibular end organs. However, AAV has limited usefulness for delivering a large gene, or multiple genes, due to its small packaging capacity (< 5 kb). Co-transduction of dual-AAV vectors can be used to increase the packaging capacity for gene delivery to various organs and tissues. However, its usefulness has not been well validated in the vestibular sensory epithelium. In the present study, we characterized the co-transduction of dual-AAV vectors in mouse utricles following inoculation of two AAV-serotype inner ear (AAV-ie) vectors via canalostomy. Firstly, co-transduction efficiencies were compared between dual-AAV-ie vectors using two different promoters: cytomegalovirus (CMV) and CMV early enhancer/chicken β-actin (CAG). In the group of dual AAV-ie-CAG vectors, the co-transduction rates for striolar hair cells (HCs), extrastriolar HCs, striolar supporting cells (SCs), and extrastriolar SCs were 23.14 ± 2.25%, 27.05 ± 2.10%, 57.65 ± 7.21%, and 60.33 ± 5.69%, respectively. The co-transduction rates in the group of dual AAV-ie-CMV vectors were comparable to those in the dual AAV-ie-CAG group. Next, we examined the co-transduction of dual-AAV-ie-CAG vectors in the utricles of neonatal mice and damaged adult mice. In the neonatal mice, co-transduction rates were 52.88 ± 3.11% and 44.93 ± 2.06% in the striolar and extrastriolar HCs, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in adult mice. In the Pou4f3+/DTR mice, following diphtheria toxin administration, which eliminated most HCs and spared the SCs, the co-transduction rate of SCs was not significantly different to that of normal utricles. Transgene expression persisted for up to 3 months in the adult mice. Furthermore, sequential administration of two AAV-ie-CAG vectors at an interval of 1 week resulted in a higher co-transduction rate in HCs than concurrent delivery. The auditory brainstem responses and swim tests did not reveal any disruption of auditory or vestibular function after co-transduction with dual-AAV-ie vectors. In conclusion, dual-AAV-ie vectors allow efficient co-transduction in the vestibular sensory epithelium and facilitate the delivery of large or multiple genes for vestibular gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Rui Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Ying Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Yi Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Jing Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Peng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Chen J, Gao D, Sun L, Yang J. Kölliker’s organ-supporting cells and cochlear auditory development. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1031989. [PMID: 36304996 PMCID: PMC9592740 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1031989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Kölliker’s organ is a transient cellular cluster structure in the development of the mammalian cochlea. It gradually degenerates from embryonic columnar cells to cuboidal cells in the internal sulcus at postnatal day 12 (P12)–P14, with the cochlea maturing when the degeneration of supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ is complete, which is distinct from humans because it disappears at birth already. The supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ play a key role during this critical period of auditory development. Spontaneous release of ATP induces an increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels in inner hair cells in a paracrine form via intercellular gap junction protein hemichannels. The Ca2+ further induces the release of the neurotransmitter glutamate from the synaptic vesicles of the inner hair cells, which subsequently excite afferent nerve fibers. In this way, the supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ transmit temporal and spatial information relevant to cochlear development to the hair cells, promoting fine-tuned connections at the synapses in the auditory pathway, thus facilitating cochlear maturation and auditory acquisition. The Kölliker’s organ plays a crucial role in such a scenario. In this article, we review the morphological changes, biological functions, degeneration, possible trans-differentiation of cochlear hair cells, and potential molecular mechanisms of supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ during the auditory development in mammals, as well as future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dekun Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianhua Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lianhua Sun Jun Yang
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lianhua Sun Jun Yang
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13
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Hou S, Zhang J, Wu Y, Junmin C, Yuyu H, He B, Yang Y, Hong Y, Chen J, Yang J, Li S. FGF22 deletion causes hidden hearing loss by affecting the function of inner hair cell ribbon synapses. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:922665. [PMID: 35966010 PMCID: PMC9366910 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.922665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribbon synapses are important structures in transmitting auditory signals from the inner hair cells (IHCs) to their corresponding spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Over the last few decades, deafness has been primarily attributed to the deterioration of cochlear hair cells rather than ribbon synapses. Hearing dysfunction that cannot be detected by the hearing threshold is defined as hidden hearing loss (HHL). The relationship between ribbon synapses and FGF22 deletion remains unknown. In this study, we used a 6-week-old FGF22 knockout mice model (Fgf22–/–) and mainly focused on alteration in ribbon synapses by applying the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test, the immunofluorescence staining, the patch-clamp recording, and quantitative real-time PCR. In Fgf22–/– mice, we found the decreased amplitude of ABR wave I, the reduced vesicles of ribbon synapses, and the decreased efficiency of exocytosis, which was suggested by a decrease in the capacitance change. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that Fgf22–/– led to dysfunction in ribbon synapses by downregulating SNAP-25 and Gipc3 and upregulating MEF2D expression, which was important for the maintenance of ribbon synapses’ function. Our research concluded that FGF22 deletion caused HHL by affecting the function of IHC ribbon synapses and may offer a novel therapeutic target to meet an ever-growing demand for deafness treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shule Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jifang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Junmin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Huang Yuyu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Baihui He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Liaoning Medical Device Test Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuren Hong
- Laboratory of Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiarui Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jiarui Chen,
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Jun Yang,
| | - Shuna Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shuna Li,
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14
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Abstract
It is well established that humans and other mammals are minimally regenerative compared with organisms such as zebrafish, salamander or amphibians. In recent years, however, the identification of regenerative potential in neonatal mouse tissues that normally heal poorly in adults has transformed our understanding of regenerative capacity in mammals. In this Review, we survey the mammalian tissues for which regenerative or improved neonatal healing has been established, including the heart, cochlear hair cells, the brain and spinal cord, and dense connective tissues. We also highlight common and/or tissue-specific mechanisms of neonatal regeneration, which involve cells, signaling pathways, extracellular matrix, immune cells and other factors. The identification of such common features across neonatal tissues may direct therapeutic strategies that will be broadly applicable to multiple adult tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice H. Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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15
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Huang Y, Mao H, Chen Y. Regeneration of Hair Cells in the Human Vestibular System. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:854635. [PMID: 35401109 PMCID: PMC8987309 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.854635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The vestibular system is a critical part of the human balance system, malfunction of this system will lead to balance disorders, such as vertigo. Mammalian vestibular hair cells, the mechanical receptors for vestibular function, are sensitive to ototoxic drugs and virus infection, and have a limited restorative capacity after damage. Considering that no artificial device can be used to replace vestibular hair cells, promoting vestibular hair cell regeneration is an ideal way for vestibular function recovery. In this manuscript, the development of human vestibular hair cells during the whole embryonic stage and the latest research on human vestibular hair cell regeneration is summarized. The limitations of current studies are emphasized and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, ENT Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanyu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, ENT Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, ENT Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Chen,
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16
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Jiang P, Ma X, Han S, Ma L, Ai J, Wu L, Zhang Y, Xiao H, Tian M, Tao WA, Zhang S, Chai R. Characterization of the microRNA transcriptomes and proteomics of cochlear tissue-derived small extracellular vesicles from mice of different ages after birth. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:154. [PMID: 35218422 PMCID: PMC11072265 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cochlea is an important sensory organ for both balance and sound perception, and the formation of the cochlea is a complex developmental process. The development of the mouse cochlea begins on embryonic day (E)9 and continues until postnatal day (P)21 when the hearing system is considered mature. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), with a diameter ranging from 30 to 200 nm, have been considered a significant medium for information communication in both physiological and pathological processes. However, there are no studies exploring the role of sEVs in the development of the cochlea. Here, we isolated tissue-derived sEVs from the cochleae of FVB mice at P3, P7, P14, and P21 by ultracentrifugation. These sEVs were first characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. Next, we used small RNA-seq and mass spectrometry to characterize the microRNA transcriptomes and proteomes of cochlear sEVs from mice at different ages. Many microRNAs and proteins were discovered to be related to inner ear development, anatomical structure development, and auditory nervous system development. These results all suggest that sEVs exist in the cochlea and are likely to be essential for the normal development of the auditory system. Our findings provide many sEV microRNA and protein targets for future studies of the roles of cochlear sEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xiangyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Shanying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Leyao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jingru Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Leilei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Hairong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Mengyao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - W Andy Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
| | - Shasha Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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17
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Rai V, Tu S, Frank JR, Zuo J. Molecular Pathways Modulating Sensory Hair Cell Regeneration in Adult Mammalian Cochleae: Progress and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010066. [PMID: 35008497 PMCID: PMC8745006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Noise-induced, drug-related, and age-related disabling hearing loss is a major public health problem and affect approximately 466 million people worldwide. In non-mammalian vertebrates, the death of sensory hair cells (HCs) induces the proliferation and transdifferentiation of adjacent supporting cells into new HCs; however, this capacity is lost in juvenile and adult mammalian cochleae leading to permanent hearing loss. At present, cochlear implants and hearing devices are the only available treatments and can help patients to a certain extent; however, no biological approach or FDA-approved drug is effective to treat disabling hearing loss and restore hearing. Recently, regeneration of mammalian cochlear HCs by modulating molecular pathways or transcription factors has offered some promising results, although the immaturity of the regenerated HCs remains the biggest concern. Furthermore, most of the research done is in neonates and not in adults. This review focuses on critically summarizing the studies done in adult mammalian cochleae and discusses various strategies to elucidate novel transcription factors for better therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jian Zuo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(402)-280-2916
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18
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MECOM promotes supporting cell proliferation and differentiation in cochlea. J Otol 2021; 17:59-66. [PMID: 35949554 PMCID: PMC9349018 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Permanent damage to hair cells (HCs) is the leading cause of sensory deafness. Supporting cells (SCs) are essential in the restoration of hearing in mammals because they can proliferate and differentiate to HCs. MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus (MECOM) is vital in early development and cell differentiation and regulates the TGF-β signaling pathway to adapt to pathophysiological events, such as hematopoietic proliferation, differentiation and cells death. In addition, MECOM plays an essential role in neurogenesis and craniofacial development. However, the role of MECOM in the development of cochlea and its way to regulate related signaling are not fully understood. To address this problem, this study examined the expression of MECOM during the development of cochlea and observed a significant increase of MECOM at the key point of auditory epithelial morphogenesis, indicating that MECOM may have a vital function in the formation of cochlea and regeneration of HCs. Meanwhile, we tried to explore the possible effect and potential mechanism of MECOM in SC proliferation and HC regeneration. Findings from this study indicate that overexpression of MECOM markedly increases the proliferation of SCs in the inner ear, and the expression of Smad3 and Cdkn2b related to TGF signaling is significantly down-regulated, corresponding to the overexpression of MECOM. Collectively, these data may provide an explanation of the vital function of MECOM in SC proliferation and trans-differentiation into HCs, as well as its regulation. The interaction between MECOM, Wnt, Notch and the TGF-β signaling may provide a feasible approach to induce the regeneration of HCs.
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Xu S, Yang N. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Cochlear Hair Cell Regeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:732507. [PMID: 34489646 PMCID: PMC8417573 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.732507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian inner ear hair cells do not have the ability to spontaneously regenerate, so their irreversible damage is the main cause of sensorineural hearing loss. The damage and loss of hair cells are mainly caused by factors such as aging, infection, genetic factors, hypoxia, autoimmune diseases, ototoxic drugs, or noise exposure. In recent years, research on the regeneration and functional recovery of mammalian auditory hair cells has attracted more and more attention in the field of auditory research. How to regenerate and protect hair cells or auditory neurons through biological methods and rebuild auditory circuits and functions are key scientific issues that need to be resolved in this field. This review mainly summarizes and discusses the recent research progress in gene therapy and molecular mechanisms related to hair cell regeneration in the field of sensorineural hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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20
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Xie C, Niu Y, Ping J, Wang Y, Yang C, Li Y, Zhou G. Genome-wide association study identifies new loci associated with noise-induced tinnitus in Chinese populations. BMC Genom Data 2021; 22:31. [PMID: 34482816 PMCID: PMC8420059 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-021-00987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tinnitus is an auditory phantom sensation in the absence of an acoustic stimulus, which affects nearly 15% of the population. Excessive noise exposure is one of the main causes of tinnitus. To now, the knowledge of the genetic determinants of susceptibility to tinnitus remains limited. Results We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) and identified that two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2846071 located in the intergenic region at 11q13.5 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.96–3.40, combined P = 4.89 × 10− 6) and rs4149577 located in the intron of TNFRSF1A gene at 12p13.31 (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.89–2.51, combined P = 6.88 × 10− 6), are significantly associated with the susceptibility to noise-induced tinnitus. Furthermore, the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses revealed that rs2846071 is significantly correlated with the expression of WNT11 gene, and rs4149577 with the expression of TNFRSF1A gene in multiple brain tissues (all P < 0.05). The newly identified candidate gene WNT11 is involved in Wnt pathway, and TNFRSF1A in the tumor necrosis factor pathway, respectively. Pathway enrichment analyses also showed that these two pathways are closely relevant to tinnitus. Conclusions Our findings highlight two novel loci at 11q13.5 and 12p13.31 conferring susceptibility to noise-induced tinnitus. and suggest that the WNT11 and TNFRSF1A genes might be the candidate causal targets of 11q13.5 and 12p13.31 loci, respectively. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-021-00987-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Xie
- Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China
| | - Yuguang Niu
- Department of Ambulatory Medicine, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jie Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chenning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuanfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Gangqiao Zhou
- Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang City, 550025, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, 210029, China.
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21
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Key Signaling Pathways Regulate the Development and Survival of Auditory Hair Cells. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:5522717. [PMID: 34194486 PMCID: PMC8214483 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5522717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of auditory sensory hair cells (HCs) is the most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). As the main sound transmission structure in the cochlea, it is necessary to maintain the normal shape and survival of HCs. In this review, we described and summarized the signaling pathways that regulate the development and survival of auditory HCs in SNHL. The role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Notch/Wnt/Atoh1, calcium channels, and oxidative stress/reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways are the most relevant. The molecular interactions of these signaling pathways play an important role in the survival of HCs, which may provide a theoretical basis and possible therapeutic interventions for the treatment of hearing loss.
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22
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Hyperoside Attenuate Inflammation in HT22 Cells via Upregulating SIRT1 to Activities Wnt/ β-Catenin and Sonic Hedgehog Pathways. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:8706400. [PMID: 34221003 PMCID: PMC8213468 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8706400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays important roles in the pathogenesis and progression of altered neurodevelopment, sensorineural hearing loss, and certain neurodegenerative diseases. Hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactoside) is an active compound isolated from Hypericum plants. In this study, we investigate the protective effect of hyperoside on neuroinflammation and its possible molecular mechanism. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and hyperoside were used to treat HT22 cells. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry assay. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The levels of oxidative stress indices superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by the kits. The expression of neurotrophic factor and the relationship among hyperoside, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1 (SIRT1) and Wnt/β-catenin, and sonic hedgehog was examined by western blotting. In the LPS-induced HT22 cells, hyperoside promotes cell survival; alleviates the level of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, ROS, MDA, Bax, and caspase-3; and increases the expression of CAT, SOD, GSH, Bcl-2, BDNF, TrkB, and NGF. In addition, hyperoside upregulated the expression of SIRT1. Further mechanistic investigation showed that hyperoside alleviated LPS-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by upregulating SIRT1 to activate Wnt/β-catenin and sonic hedgehog pathways. Taken together, our data suggested that hyperoside acts as a protector in neuroinflammation.
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23
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Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway on Polarity Formation of Utricle Hair Cells. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:9950533. [PMID: 34122536 PMCID: PMC8166501 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9950533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of the inner ear, the vestibular system is responsible for sense of balance, which consists of three semicircular canals, the utricle, and the saccule. Increasing evidence has indicated that the noncanonical Wnt/PCP signaling pathway plays a significant role in the development of the polarity of the inner ear. However, the role of canonical Wnt signaling in the polarity of the vestibule is still not completely clear. In this study, we found that canonical Wnt pathway-related genes are expressed in the early stage of development of the utricle and change dynamically. We conditionally knocked out β-catenin, a canonical Wnt signaling core protein, and found that the cilia orientation of hair cells was disordered with reduced number of hair cells in the utricle. Moreover, regulating the canonical Wnt pathway (Licl and IWP2) in vitro also affected hair cell polarity and indicated that Axin2 may be important in this process. In conclusion, our results not only confirm that the regulation of canonical Wnt signaling affects the number of hair cells in the utricle but also provide evidence for its role in polarity development.
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24
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Gao J, Fan L, Zhao L, Su Y. The interaction of Notch and Wnt signaling pathways in vertebrate regeneration. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 10:11. [PMID: 33791915 PMCID: PMC8012441 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration is an evolutionarily conserved process in animal kingdoms, however, the regenerative capacities differ from species and organ/tissues. Mammals possess very limited regenerative potential to replace damaged organs, whereas non-mammalian species usually have impressive abilities to regenerate organs. The regeneration process requires proper spatiotemporal regulation from key signaling pathways. The canonical Notch and Wnt signaling pathways, two fundamental signals guiding animal development, have been demonstrated to play significant roles in the regeneration of vertebrates. In recent years, increasing evidence has implicated the cross-talking between Notch and Wnt signals during organ regeneration. In this review, we summarize the roles of Notch signaling and Wnt signaling during several representative organ regenerative events, emphasizing the functions and molecular bases of their interplay in these processes, shedding light on utilizing these two signaling pathways to enhance regeneration in mammals and design legitimate therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Gao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Lixia Fan
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China. .,College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
| | - Ying Su
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China. .,College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
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25
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Wu M, Xia M, Li W, Li H. Single-Cell Sequencing Applications in the Inner Ear. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:637779. [PMID: 33644075 PMCID: PMC7907461 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.637779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomics studies face specific challenges in the inner ear due to the multiple types and limited amounts of inner ear cells that are arranged in a very delicate structure. However, advances in single-cell sequencing (SCS) technology have made it possible to analyze gene expression variations across different cell types as well as within specific cell groups that were previously considered to be homogeneous. In this review, we summarize recent advances in inner ear research brought about by the use of SCS that have delineated tissue heterogeneity, identified unknown cell subtypes, discovered novel cell markers, and revealed dynamic signaling pathways during development. SCS opens up new avenues for inner ear research, and the potential of the technology is only beginning to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Wu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Xia
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huawei Li
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,The Institutes of Brain Science and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Bai H, Yang S, Xi C, Wang X, Xu J, Weng M, Zhao R, Jiang L, Gao X, Bing J, Zhang M, Zhang X, Han Z, Zeng S. Signaling pathways (Notch, Wnt, Bmp and Fgf) have additive effects on hair cell regeneration in the chick basilar papilla after streptomycin injury in vitro: Additive effects of signaling pathways on hair cell regeneration. Hear Res 2020; 401:108161. [PMID: 33422722 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hair cells can be regenerated after damage by transdifferentiation in which a supporting cell directly differentiates into a hair cell without mitosis. However, such regeneration is at the cost of exhausting the support cells in the mammalian mature cochlea. Thus, more effective methods should be found to promote mitotic regeneration but partially preserve support cells after damage. To address the issue, we first injured hair cells in the chick basilar papillae (BP) by treatment with streptomycin in vitro. We then compared the mitotic regeneration on the neural side in the middle part of BP after treatment with a pharmacological inhibitor or agonist of the Notch (DAPT), Wnt (LiCl), Bmp (Noggin) or Fgf (SU5402) signaling pathway, with that after treatment with combinations of two or three inhibitors or agonist of these pathways. Our results indicate that treatments with a single inhibitor or agonist of the Notch, Wnt, Bmp or Fgf signaling pathway could significantly increase mitotic regeneration as well as direct transdifferentiation. The results also show that hair cells (Myosin 7a+), support cells (Sox2+) and mitotically regenerated hair cells (Myosin 7a+/Sox2+/BrdU+) increased significantly on the neural side in the middle part of BP after two or three combinations of the inhibition of Notch, Bmp or Fgf signaling pathway or the activation of Wnt signaling pathway, besides the reported coregulatory effects of Notch and Wnt signaling. The study of the effects of systematic combinations of pathway modulators provided more insight into hair cell regeneration from mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanju Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, 100875 China
| | - Siyuan Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158 China; Hainan Instistute of Science and Technology, Haikou, 571126 China
| | - Chao Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, 100875 China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngolgoy, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, 100088 China
| | - Jincao Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngolgoy, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, 100088 China
| | - Menglu Weng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, 100875 China
| | - Ruxia Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, 100875 China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, 100875 China
| | - Xue Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngolgoy, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, 100088 China
| | - Jie Bing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, 100875 China
| | - Meiguang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngolgoy, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, 100088 China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158 China
| | - Zhongming Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngolgoy, The General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, 100088 China; Department of Otorhinolaryngolgoy, He Bei YanDa Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China 065201.
| | - Shaoju Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Beijing Normal University, 100875 China.
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27
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Developmental and Functional Hair Cell-Like Cells Induced by Atoh1 Overexpression in the Adult Mammalian Cochlea In Vitro. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:8885813. [PMID: 33204251 PMCID: PMC7661126 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8885813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair cells (HCs) in the mammalian cochleae cannot spontaneously regenerate once damaged, resulting in permanent hearing loss. It has been shown that Atoh1 overexpression induces hair cell-like cells (HCLCs) in the cochlea of newborn rodents, but this is hard to achieve in adult mammals. In this study, we used a three-dimensional cochlear culture system and an adenoviral-mediated delivery vector to overexpress Atoh1 in adult mouse cochleae. HCLCs were successfully induced from 3 days after virus infection (3 DVI) in vitro, and the number increased with time. HCLCs were myosin7a positive and distinguishable from remnant HCs in a culture environment. Meanwhile, patch-clamp results showed that noninactive outward potassium currents (sustained outward potassium currents) could be recorded in HCLCs and that their magnitude increased with time, similar to normal HCs. Furthermore, transient HCN currents were recorded in some HCLCs, indicating that the HCLCs experienced a developmental stage similar to normal HCs. We also compared the electrophysiological features of HCLCs from adult mice with native HCs and found the HCLCs gradually matured, similar to the normal HCs. Meanwhile, HCLCs from adult mice possessed the same bundles as developmental HCs. However, these HCLCs did not express prestin, which is a special marker for outer hair cells (OHCs), even at 13 DVI. These results demonstrate that Atoh1 overexpression induces HCLC formation in the adult mammalian cochlea and that these HCLCs were functional and experienced a developmental process similar to that of normal HCs.
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28
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Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Dong Y, Ma X, Qiang R, Chen Y, Gao X, Zhao C, Chen F, He S, Chai R. Knockdown of Foxg1 in Sox9+ supporting cells increases the trans-differentiation of supporting cells into hair cells in the neonatal mouse utricle. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:19834-19851. [PMID: 33099273 PMCID: PMC7655167 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Foxg1 plays important roles in regeneration of hair cell (HC) in the cochlea of neonatal mouse. Here, we used Sox9-CreER to knock down Foxg1 in supporting cells (SCs) in the utricle in order to investigate the role of Foxg1 in HC regeneration in the utricle. We found Sox9 an ideal marker of utricle SCs and bred Sox9CreER/+Foxg1loxp/loxp mice to conditionally knock down Foxg1 in utricular SCs. Conditional knockdown (cKD) of Foxg1 in SCs at postnatal day one (P01) led to increased number of HCs at P08. These regenerated HCs had normal characteristics, and could survive to at least P30. Lineage tracing showed that a significant portion of newly regenerated HCs originated from SCs in Foxg1 cKD mice compared to the mice subjected to the same treatment, which suggested SCs trans-differentiate into HCs in the Foxg1 cKD mouse utricle. After neomycin treatment in vitro, more HCs were observed in Foxg1 cKD mice utricle compared to the control group. Together, these results suggest that Foxg1 cKD in utricular SCs may promote HC regeneration by inducing trans-differentiation of SCs. This research therefore provides theoretical basis for the effects of Foxg1 in trans-differentiation of SCs and regeneration of HCs in the mouse utricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonghong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangyu Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiying Qiang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuangba He
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Hsp70/Bmi1-FoxO1-SOD Signaling Pathway Contributes to the Protective Effect of Sound Conditioning against Acute Acoustic Trauma in a Rat Model. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:8823785. [PMID: 33082778 PMCID: PMC7556106 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8823785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sound conditioning (SC) is defined as “toughening” to lower levels of sound over time, which reduces a subsequent noise-induced threshold shift. Although the protective effect of SC in mammals is generally understood, the exact mechanisms involved have not yet been elucidated. To confirm the protective effect of SC against noise exposure (NE) and the stress-related signaling pathway of its rescue, we observed target molecule changes caused by SC of low frequency prior to NE as well as histology analysis in vivo and verified the suggested mechanisms in SGNs in vitro. Further, we investigated the potential role of Hsp70 and Bmi1 in SC by targeting SOD1 and SOD2 which are regulated by the FoxO1 signaling pathway based on mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Finally, we sought to identify the possible molecular mechanisms associated with the beneficial effects of SC against noise-induced trauma. Data from the rat model were evaluated by western blot, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR. The results revealed that SC upregulated Hsp70, Bmi1, FoxO1, SOD1, and SOD2 expression in spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Moreover, the auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and electron microscopy revealed that SC could protect against acute acoustic trauma (AAT) based on a significant reduction of hearing impairment and visible reduction in outer hair cell loss as well as ultrastructural changes in OHCs and SGNs. Collectively, these results suggested that the contribution of Bmi1 toward decreased sensitivity to noise-induced trauma following SC was triggered by Hsp70 induction and associated with enhancement of the antioxidant system and decreased mitochondrial superoxide accumulation. This contribution of Bmi1 was achieved by direct targeting of SOD1 and SOD2, which was regulated by FoxO1. Therefore, the Hsp70/Bmi1-FoxO1-SOD signaling pathway might contribute to the protective effect of SC against AAT in a rat model.
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30
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A Neurophysiological Study of Musical Pitch Identification in Mandarin-Speaking Cochlear Implant Users. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:4576729. [PMID: 32774355 PMCID: PMC7396015 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4576729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Music perception in cochlear implant (CI) users is far from satisfactory, not only because of the technological limitations of current CI devices but also due to the neurophysiological alterations that generally accompany deafness. Early behavioral studies revealed that similar mechanisms underlie musical and lexical pitch perception in CI-based electric hearing. Although neurophysiological studies of the musical pitch perception of English-speaking CI users are actively ongoing, little such research has been conducted with Mandarin-speaking CI users; as Mandarin is a tonal language, these individuals require pitch information to understand speech. The aim of this work was to study the neurophysiological mechanisms accounting for the musical pitch identification abilities of Mandarin-speaking CI users and normal-hearing (NH) listeners. Behavioral and mismatch negativity (MMN) data were analyzed to examine musical pitch processing performance. Moreover, neurophysiological results from CI users with good and bad pitch discrimination performance (according to the just-noticeable differences (JND) and pitch-direction discrimination (PDD) tasks) were compared to identify cortical responses associated with musical pitch perception differences. The MMN experiment was conducted using a passive oddball paradigm, with musical tone C4 (262 Hz) presented as the standard and tones D4 (294 Hz), E4 (330 Hz), G#4 (415 Hz), and C5 (523 Hz) presented as deviants. CI users demonstrated worse musical pitch discrimination ability than did NH listeners, as reflected by larger JND and PDD thresholds for pitch identification, and significantly increased latencies and reduced amplitudes in MMN responses. Good CI performers had better MMN results than did bad performers. Consistent with findings for English-speaking CI users, the results of this work suggest that MMN is a viable marker of cortical pitch perception in Mandarin-speaking CI users.
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Wu J, Dong X, Li W, Zhao L, Zhou L, Sun S, Li H. Dibenzazepine promotes cochlear supporting cell proliferation and hair cell regeneration in neonatal mice. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12872. [PMID: 32677724 PMCID: PMC7507434 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the role of dibenzazepine (DBZ) in promoting supporting cell (SC) proliferation and hair cell (HC) regeneration in the inner ear. Materials and Methods Postnatal day 1 wild‐type or neomycin‐damaged mouse cochleae were cultured with DBZ. Immunohistochemistry and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine the morphology of cochlear cells, and high‐throughput RNA‐sequencing was used to measure gene expression levels. Results We found that DBZ promoted SC proliferation and HC regeneration in a dose‐dependent manner in both normal and damaged cochleae. In addition, most of the newly regenerated HCs induced by DBZ had visible and relatively mature stereocilia bundle structures. Finally, RNA sequencing detected the differentially expressed genes between DBZ treatment and controls, and interaction networks were constructed for the most highly differentially expressed genes. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that DBZ can significantly promote SC proliferation and increase the number of mitotically regenerated HCs with relatively mature stereocilia bundles in the neonatal mouse cochlea by inhibiting Notch signalling and activating Wnt signalling, suggesting the DBZ might be a new therapeutic target for stimulating HC regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Wu
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinran Dong
- Molecular Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Shanghai High School, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Sun
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huawei Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.,The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang S, Qiang R, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Zhou H, Gao X, Chai R. Hair cell regeneration from inner ear progenitors in the mammalian cochlea. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2020; 9:25-35. [PMID: 32699655 PMCID: PMC7364385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cochlear hair cells (HCs) are the mechanoreceptors of the auditory system, and because these cells cannot be spontaneously regenerated in adult mammals, hearing loss due to HC damage is permanent. However, cochleae of neonatal mice harbor some progenitor cells that retain limited ability to give rise to new HCs in vivo. Here we review the regulatory factors, signaling pathways, and epigenetic factors that have been reported to play roles in HC regeneration in the neonatal mammalian cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096, China
| | - Ruiying Qiang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong UniversityNantong 226001, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing, China
- Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory)Nanjing 210008, China
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Zhang S, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Guo L, Zhang Z, Shao B, Qi J, Zhou H, Zhu W, Yan X, Hong G, Zhang L, Zhang X, Tang M, Zhao C, Gao X, Chai R. Knockdown of Foxg1 in supporting cells increases the trans-differentiation of supporting cells into hair cells in the neonatal mouse cochlea. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1401-1419. [PMID: 31485717 PMCID: PMC7113235 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03291-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Foxg1 is one of the forkhead box genes that are involved in morphogenesis, cell fate determination, and proliferation, and Foxg1 was previously reported to be required for morphogenesis of the mammalian inner ear. However, Foxg1 knock-out mice die at birth, and thus the role of Foxg1 in regulating hair cell (HC) regeneration after birth remains unclear. Here we used Sox2CreER/+ Foxg1loxp/loxp mice and Lgr5-EGFPCreER/+ Foxg1loxp/loxp mice to conditionally knock down Foxg1 specifically in Sox2+ SCs and Lgr5+ progenitors, respectively, in neonatal mice. We found that Foxg1 conditional knockdown (cKD) in Sox2+ SCs and Lgr5+ progenitors at postnatal day (P)1 both led to large numbers of extra HCs, especially extra inner HCs (IHCs) at P7, and these extra IHCs with normal hair bundles and synapses could survive at least to P30. The EdU assay failed to detect any EdU+ SCs, while the SC number was significantly decreased in Foxg1 cKD mice, and lineage tracing data showed that much more tdTomato+ HCs originated from Sox2+ SCs in Foxg1 cKD mice compared to the control mice. Moreover, the sphere-forming assay showed that Foxg1 cKD in Lgr5+ progenitors did not significantly change their sphere-forming ability. All these results suggest that Foxg1 cKD promotes HC regeneration and leads to large numbers of extra HCs probably by inducing direct trans-differentiation of SCs and progenitors to HCs. Real-time qPCR showed that cell cycle and Notch signaling pathways were significantly down-regulated in Foxg1 cKD mice cochlear SCs. Together, this study provides new evidence for the role of Foxg1 in regulating HC regeneration from SCs and progenitors in the neonatal mouse cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Lingna Guo
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Buwei Shao
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jieyu Qi
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yan
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Guodong Hong
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
- Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Liu LM, Zhao LP, Wu LJ, Guo L, Li WY, Chen Y. Characterization of the transcriptomes of Atoh1-induced hair cells in the mouse cochlea. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2020; 9:1-15. [PMID: 32211215 PMCID: PMC7076321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Postnatal mammalian cochlear hair cells (HCs) can be regenerated by direct transdifferentiation or by mitotic regeneration from supporting cells through many pathways, including Atoh1, Wnt, Hedgehog and Notch signaling. However, most new HCs are immature HCs. In this study we used RNA-Seq analysis to compare the differences between the transcriptomes of Atoh1 overexpression-induced new HCs and the native HCs, and to define the factors that might help to promote the maturation of new HCs. As expected, we found Atoh1-induced new HCs had obvious HC characteristics as demonstrated by the expression of HC markers such as Pou4f3 and Myosin VIIA (Myo7a). However, Atoh1-induced new HCs had significantly lower expression of genes that are related to HC function such as Slc26a5 (Prestin), Slc17a8 and Otof. We found that genes related to HC cell differentiation and maturation (Kcnma1, Myo6, Myo7a, Grxcr1, Gfi1, Wnt5a, Fgfr1, Gfi1, Fgf8 etc.) had significantly lower expression levels in new HCs compared to native HCs. In conclusion, we found a set of genes that might regulate the differentiation and maturation of new HCs, and these genes might serve as potential new therapeutic targets for functional HC regeneration and hearing recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Man Liu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhao
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University)Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ling-Jie Wu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University)Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Luo Guo
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University)Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wen-Yan Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University)Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yan Chen
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University)Shanghai 200031, China
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35
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Cheng C, Wang Y, Guo L, Lu X, Zhu W, Muhammad W, Zhang L, Lu L, Gao J, Tang M, Chen F, Gao X, Li H, Chai R. Age-related transcriptome changes in Sox2+ supporting cells in the mouse cochlea. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:365. [PMID: 31791390 PMCID: PMC6889721 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1437-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inner ear supporting cells (SCs) in the neonatal mouse cochlea are a potential source for hair cell (HC) regeneration, but several studies have shown that the regeneration ability of SCs decreases dramatically as mice age and that lost HCs cannot be regenerated in adult mice. To better understand how SCs might be better used to regenerate HCs, it is important to understand how the gene expression profile changes in SCs at different ages. Methods Here, we used Sox2GFP/+ mice to isolate the Sox2+ SCs at postnatal day (P)3, P7, P14, and P30 via flow cytometry. Next, we used RNA-seq to determine the transcriptome expression profiles of P3, P7, P14, and P30 SCs. To further analyze the relationships between these age-related and differentially expressed genes in Sox2+ SCs, we performed gene ontology (GO) analysis. Results Consistent with previous reports, we also found that the proliferation and HC regeneration ability of isolated Sox2+ SCs significantly decreased as mice aged. We identified numerous genes that are enriched and differentially expressed in Sox2+ SCs at four different postnatal ages, including cell cycle genes, signaling pathway genes, and transcription factors that might be involved in regulating the proliferation and HC differentiation ability of SCs. We thus present a set of genes that might regulate the proliferation and HC regeneration ability of SCs, and these might serve as potential new therapeutic targets for HC regeneration. Conclusions In our research, we found several genes that might play an important role in regulating the proliferation and HC regeneration ability of SCs. These datasets are expected to serve as a resource to provide potential new therapeutic targets for regulating the ability of SCs to regenerate HCs in postnatal mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Research Institute of Otolaryngology, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- Shanghai Fenyang Vision & Audition Center, Shanghai, China.,ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Luo Guo
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Waqas Muhammad
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.,Department of Biotechnology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Liyan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Junyan Gao
- Jiangsu Rehabilitation Research Center for Hearing and Speech Impairment, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Huawei Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Room 611, Building 9, No. 83, Fenyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. .,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Atoh1 is required in supporting cells for regeneration of vestibular hair cells in adult mice. Hear Res 2019; 385:107838. [PMID: 31751832 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.107838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In amniotes, head movements are encoded by two types of vestibular hair cells (type I and type II) with unique morphology, physiology, and innervation. After hair cell destruction in mature rodents, supporting cells regenerate some type II hair cells, but no type I hair cells are replaced. The transcription factor Atoh1 is required for hair cell development, and Atoh1 is upregulated in supporting cells, the hair cell progenitors, in mature chickens and mice following hair cell damage. We investigated whether Atoh1 is required for type II hair cell regeneration in adult mice after genetic ablation of hair cells. First, we used a knock-in Atoh1 reporter to demonstrate that supporting cells in the utricle, a vestibular organ that detects linear acceleration of the head, upregulate Atoh1 expression by 7 days after hair cell destruction was initiated. Next, we labeled supporting cells prior to damage and fate-mapped them over time to test whether conditional deletion of Atoh1 from supporting cells prevented them from converting into hair cells after damage. In mice with normal Atoh1 expression, fate-mapped supporting cells in the adult utricle gave rise to hundreds of type II hair cells after hair cell destruction, but they did not form new type I hair cells. By contrast, mice with Atoh1 deletion prior to hair cell damage had only 10-20 fate-mapped type II hair cells per utricle at 3 weeks post-damage, and numbers did not change at 12 weeks after hair cell destruction. Supporting cells had normal cell shape and nuclear density up to 12 weeks after Atoh1 deletion. Similar observations were made in two other vestibular organs, the saccule and the lateral ampulla. Our findings demonstrate that Atoh1 is necessary in adult mouse supporting cells for regeneration of type II vestibular hair cells and that deletion of Atoh1 from supporting cells prior to damage does not appear to induce supporting cells to die or to proliferate.
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Zhang S, Liu D, Dong Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Guo L, Qi J, Qiang R, Tang M, Gao X, Zhao C, Chen X, Qian X, Chai R. Frizzled-9+ Supporting Cells Are Progenitors for the Generation of Hair Cells in the Postnatal Mouse Cochlea. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:184. [PMID: 31427926 PMCID: PMC6689982 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lgr5+ cochlear supporting cells (SCs) have been reported to be hair cell (HC) progenitor cells that have the ability to regenerate HCs in the neonatal mouse cochlea, and these cells are regulated by Wnt signaling. Frizzled-9 (Fzd9), one of the Wnt receptors, has been reported to be used to mark neuronal stem cells in the brain together with other markers and mesenchymal stem cells from human placenta and bone marrow. Here we used Fzd9-CreER mice to lineage label and trace Fzd9+ cells in the postnatal cochlea in order to investigate the progenitor characteristic of Fzd9+ cells. Lineage labeling showed that inner phalangeal cells (IPhCs), inner border cells (IBCs), and third-row Deiters’ cells (DCs) were Fzd9+ cells, but not inner pillar cells (IPCs) or greater epithelial ridge (GER) cells at postnatal day (P)3, which suggests that Fzd9+ cells are a much smaller cell population than Lgr5+ progenitors. The expression of Fzd9 progressively decreased and was too low to allow lineage tracing after P14. Lineage tracing for 6 days in vivo showed that Fzd9+ cells could also generate similar numbers of new HCs compared to Lgr5+ progenitors. A sphere-forming assay showed that Fzd9+ cells could form spheres after sorting by flow cytometry, and when we compared the isolated Fzd9+ cells and Lgr5+ progenitors there were no significant differences in sphere number or sphere diameter. In a differentiation assay, the same number of Fzd9+ cells could produce similar amounts of Myo7a+ cells compared to Lgr5+ progenitors after 10 days of differentiation. All these data suggest that the Fzd9+ cells have a similar capacity for proliferation, differentiation, and HC generation as Lgr5+ progenitors and that Fzd9 can be used as a more restricted marker of HC progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dingding Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingna Guo
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieyu Qi
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruiying Qiang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.,Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Transcriptomic analysis of mouse cochleae suffering from gentamicin damage reveals the signalling pathways involved in hair cell regeneration. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10494. [PMID: 31324869 PMCID: PMC6642124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a strong capacity for hair cell regeneration after damage in the inner ear of non-mammals. However, mammalian hair cells are substantially unable to regenerate. To obtain insights into the mechanism of this difference, we analyzed the transcriptomic changes in the mouse cochleae suffered from gentamicin damage and compared them with those in the chick cochleae suffered from the same damage. The results indicated that 2,230 genes had significantly differential expression between the gentamicin- and saline-treated mouse cochleae. Some of the differentially expressed genes were grouped into 265 signaling pathways, including the Notch, Wnt (Wingless and INT-1), Bmp (bone morphogenetic protein), FGF (fibroblast growth factor) and Shh (sonic hedgehog) pathways. Using pharmacological inhibitors or agonists of these pathways, the effects of these pathways on hair cell regeneration were further studied. The results indicated that Bmp alone and its coregulation with the Notch or Wnt signaling pathways increased the numbers of generated cells from transdifferentiation or proliferation in the mouse cochlea after damage, in addition to the reported coregulation of Notch and Wnt. Thus, this work indicates a new signaling pathway (Bmp) and its synergetic coregulation in mammalian hair cell regeneration, providing potential therapeutic targets to increase mammalian hair cell regeneration.
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Li A, You D, Li W, Cui Y, He Y, Li W, Chen Y, Feng X, Sun S, Chai R, Li H. Novel compounds protect auditory hair cells against gentamycin-induced apoptosis by maintaining the expression level of H3K4me2. Drug Deliv 2019; 25:1033-1043. [PMID: 30799660 PMCID: PMC6058728 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1461277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoglycoside-induced hair cell (HC) loss is a major cause of hearing impairment, and the effective prevention of HC loss remains an unmet medical need. Epigenetic mechanisms have been reported to be involved in protecting cochlear cells against ototoxic drug injury, and in this study we developed new bioactive compounds that have similar chemical structures as the epigenetics-related lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitors. LSD1 inhibitors have been reported to protect cochlear cells by preventing demethylation of dimethylated histone H3K4 (H3K4me2). To determine whether these new compounds exert similar protective effects on HCs, we treated mouse cochlear explant cultures with the new compounds together with gentamycin. There was a severe loss of HCs in the organ of Corti after gentamycin exposure, while co-treatment with the new compounds significantly protected against gentamycin-induced HC loss. H3K4me2 levels in the nuclei of HCs decreased after exposure to gentamycin, but H3K4me2 levels were maintained in the presence of the new compounds. Apoptosis is also involved in the injury process, and the new compounds protected the inner ear HCs against apoptosis by reducing caspase-3 activation. Together, our findings demonstrate that our new compounds prevent gentamycin-induced HC loss by preventing the demethylation of H3K4me2 and by inhibiting apoptosis, and these results might provide the theoretical basis for novel drug development for hearing protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- a ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital , Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Research Institution of Otorhinolaryngology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory) , Nanjing , China
| | - Dan You
- a ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital , Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Wenyan Li
- a ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital , Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yingjie Cui
- c Knowshine (Shanghai) Pharmaceuticals Inc , Shanghai , China
| | - Yingzi He
- a ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital , Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Wen Li
- a ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital , Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yan Chen
- a ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital , Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiao Feng
- c Knowshine (Shanghai) Pharmaceuticals Inc , Shanghai , China
| | - Shan Sun
- a ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital , Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Renjie Chai
- d Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease , Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University , Nanjing , China.,e Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University , Nantong , China
| | - Huawei Li
- a ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital , Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,f Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
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Ogier JM, Burt RA, Drury HR, Lim R, Nayagam BA. Organotypic Culture of Neonatal Murine Inner Ear Explants. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:170. [PMID: 31130846 PMCID: PMC6509234 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The inner ear is a complex organ containing highly specialised cell types and structures that are critical for sensing sound and movement. In vivo, the inner ear is difficult to study due to the osseous nature of the otic capsule and its encapsulation within an intricate bony labyrinth. As such, mammalian inner ear explants are an invaluable tool for the study and manipulation of the complex intercellular connections, structures, and cell types within this specialised organ. The greatest strength of this technique is that the complete organ of Corti, or peripheral vestibular organs including hair cells, supporting cells and accompanying neurons, is maintained in its in situ form. The greatest weakness of in vitro hair cell preparations is the short time frame in which the explanted tissue remains viable. Yet, cochlear explants have proven to be an excellent experimental model for understanding the fundamental aspects of auditory biology, substantiated by their use for over 40 years. In this protocol, we present a modernised inner ear explant technique that employs organotypic cell culture inserts and serum free media. This approach decreases the likelihood of explant damage by eliminating the need for adhesive substances. Serum free media also restricts excessive cellular outgrowth and inter-experimental variability, both of which are side effects of exogenous serum addition to cell cultures. The protocol described can be applied to culture both cochlear and vestibular explants from various mammals. Example outcomes are demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, hair cell quantification, and electrophysiological recordings to validate the versatility and viability of the protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M. Ogier
- Department of Genetics, The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel A. Burt
- Department of Genetics, The Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Genetics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hannah R. Drury
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lim
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Bryony A. Nayagam
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Abstract
In sharp contrast to the adult mammalian cochlea, which lacks regenerative ability, the mature avian cochlea, or basilar papilla (BP) is capable of complete recovery from hearing loss after damage. Avian sensory hair cell regeneration relies on rousing quiescent supporting cells to proliferate or transdifferentiate after hair cell death. Unlike mammalian cochlear supporting cells, which have clearly defined subtypes, avian BP supporting cells are deceptively indistinguishable and molecular markers have yet to be identified. Despite the importance of supporting cells as the putative stem cells in avian regeneration, it is unknown whether all supporting cells possess equal capability to give rise to a hair cell or if a specialized subpopulation exists. In this perspective, we reinvigorate the concept of a stem cell in the BP, and form comparisons to other regenerating tissues that show cell-cycle reentry after damage. Special emphasis is given to the structure of the BP and how anatomy informs both the potential, intrinsic heterogeneity of the supporting cell layer as well as the choice between mitotic and nonmitotic regenerative strategies.
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Zhong C, Fu Y, Pan W, Yu J, Wang J. Atoh1 and other related key regulators in the development of auditory sensory epithelium in the mammalian inner ear: function and interplay. Dev Biol 2019; 446:133-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Molecular therapy for genetic and degenerative vestibular disorders. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 26:307-311. [PMID: 30045104 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The primary purpose of this review is to summarize current literature in the field of vestibular regeneration with a focus on recent developments in molecular and gene therapies. RECENT FINDINGS Since the discovery of limited vestibular hair cell regeneration in mammals in the 1990s, many elegant studies have improved our knowledge of mechanisms of development and regeneration of the vestibular system. A better understanding of the developmental pathways of the vestibular organs has fueled various biological strategies to enhance regeneration, including novel techniques in deriving vestibular hair cells from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. In addition, the identification of specific genetic mutations responsible for vestibular disorders has opened various opportunities for gene replacement therapy. SUMMARY Vestibular dysfunction is a significant clinical problem with limited therapeutic options, warranting research on biological strategies to repair/regenerate the vestibular organs to restore function. The use of gene therapy appears promising in animal models of vestibular dysfunction.
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He Z, Fang Q, Li H, Shao B, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Han X, Guo R, Cheng C, Guo L, Shi L, Li A, Yu C, Kong W, Zhao C, Gao X, Chai R. The role of FOXG1 in the postnatal development and survival of mouse cochlear hair cells. Neuropharmacology 2018; 144:43-57. [PMID: 30336149 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of therapeutic interventions for hearing loss requires a detailed understanding of the genes and proteins involved in hearing. The FOXG1 protein plays an important role in early neural development and in a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. Previous studies have shown that there are severe deformities in the inner ear in Foxg1 knockout mice, but due to the postnatal lethality of Foxg1 knockout mice, the role of FOXG1 in hair cell (HC) development and survival during the postnatal period has not been investigated. In this study, we took advantage of transgenic mice that have a specific knockout of Foxg1 in HCs, thus allowing us to explore the role of FOXG1 in postnatal HC development and survival. In the Foxg1 conditional knockout (CKO) HCs, an extra row of HCs appeared in the apical turn of the cochlea and some parts of the middle turn at postnatal day (P)1 and P7; however, these HCs gradually underwent apoptosis, and the HC number was significantly decreased by P21. Auditory brainstem response tests showed that the Foxg1 CKO mice had lost their hearing by P30. The RNA-Seq results and the qPCR verification both showed that the Wnt, Notch, IGF, EGF, and Hippo signaling pathways were down-regulated in the HCs of Foxg1 CKO mice. The significant down-regulation of the Notch signaling pathway might be the reason for the increased numbers of HCs in the cochleae of Foxg1 CKO mice at P1 and P7, while the down-regulation of the Wnt, IGF, and EGF signaling pathways might lead to subsequent HC apoptosis. Together, these results indicate that knockout of Foxg1 induces an extra row of HCs via Notch signaling inhibition and induces subsequent apoptosis of these HCs by inhibiting the Wnt, IGF, and EGF signaling pathways. This study thus provides new evidence for the function and mechanism of FOXG1 in HC development and survival in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhong He
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qiaojun Fang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Buwei Shao
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Rongrong Guo
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Lingna Guo
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Lusen Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chenjie Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Center of Depression, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, China.
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
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Influence of 24-diamino-5-phenylthiazole on neomycin ototoxicity in cultured organ of Corti explants. Neuroreport 2018; 29:1011-1016. [PMID: 29889716 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hair cells do not undergo spontaneous regeneration when they are damaged in the mammalian organ of Corti, leading to irreversible hearing loss. Previous studies have shown that 24-diamino-5-phenylthiazole (DAPT), an inhibitor of Notch signaling, plays a major role in inner ear development. However, whether DAPT influences antibiotic-induced hair cell damage remains uncertain. The present study aimed to investigate whether DAPT exerts protective or regenerative effects on neomycin-damaged hair cells. A histological analysis was carried out to assess the number and morphological changes of hair cells in cultured organ of Corti explants. Our results showed that in-vitro treatment with DAPT induced extra hair cells, whereas no newly generated supporting cells were found. We also found that DAPT was effective for preventing hair cell loss when cotreatment with neomycin was performed, suggesting that DAPT exerted protective effects on neomycin ototoxicity. In addition, DAPT treatment for 2-4 days following neomycin damage induced supernumerary hair cells. These findings indicate that inhibition of Notch signaling is a possible strategy for the treatment of hair cell loss caused by aminoglycoside antibiotics.
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46
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Stone JS, Wisner SR, Bucks SA, Mellado Lagarde MM, Cox BC. Characterization of Adult Vestibular Organs in 11 CreER Mouse Lines. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2018; 19:381-399. [PMID: 29869046 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-018-0676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Utricles are vestibular sense organs that encode linear head movements. They are composed of a sensory epithelium with type I and type II hair cells and supporting cells, sitting atop connective tissue, through which vestibular nerves project. We characterized utricular Cre expression in 11 murine CreER lines using the ROSA26tdTomato reporter line and tamoxifen induction at 6 weeks of age. This characterization included Calbindin2CreERT2, Fgfr3-iCreERT2, GFAP-A-CreER™, GFAP-B-CreER™, GLAST-CreERT2, Id2CreERT2, OtoferlinCreERT2, ParvalbuminCreERT2, Prox1CreERT2, Sox2CreERT2, and Sox9-CreERT2. OtoferlinCreERT2 mice had inducible Cre activity specific to hair cells. GLAST-CreERT2, Id2CreERT2, and Sox9-CreERT2 had inducible Cre activity specific to supporting cells. Sox2CreERT2 had inducible Cre activity in supporting cells and most type II hair cells. ParvalbuminCreERT2 mice had small numbers of labeled vestibular nerve afferents. Calbindin2CreERT2 mice had labeling of most type II hair cells and some type I hair cells and supporting cells. Only rare (or no) tdTomato-positive cells were detected in utricles of Fgfr3-iCreERT2, GFAP-A-CreER™, GFAP-B-CreER™, and Prox1CreERT2 mice. No Cre leakiness (tdTomato expression in the absence of tamoxifen) was observed in OtoferlinCreERT2 mice. A small degree of leakiness was seen in GLAST-CreERT2, Id2CreERT2, Sox2CreERT2, and Sox9-CreERT2 lines. Calbindin2CreERT2 mice had similar tdTomato expression with or without tamoxifen, indicating lack of inducible control under the conditions tested. In conclusion, 5 lines-GLAST-CreERT2, Id2CreERT2, OtoferlinCreERT2, Sox2CreERT2, and Sox9-CreERT2-showed cell-selective, inducible Cre activity with little leakiness, providing new genetic tools for researchers studying the vestibular periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Stone
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Serena R Wisner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Bucks
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcia M Mellado Lagarde
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Brandon C Cox
- Departments of Pharmacology and Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
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Gnedeva K, Hudspeth AJ, Segil N. Three-dimensional Organotypic Cultures of Vestibular and Auditory Sensory Organs. J Vis Exp 2018:57527. [PMID: 29912206 PMCID: PMC6101446 DOI: 10.3791/57527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The sensory organs of the inner ear are challenging to study in mammals due to their inaccessibility to experimental manipulation and optical observation. Moreover, although existing culture techniques allow biochemical perturbations, these methods do not provide a means to study the effects of mechanical force and tissue stiffness during development of the inner ear sensory organs. Here we describe a method for three-dimensional organotypic culture of the intact murine utricle and cochlea that overcomes these limitations. The technique for adjustment of a three-dimensional matrix stiffness described here permits manipulation of the elastic force opposing tissue growth. This method can therefore be used to study the role of mechanical forces during inner ear development. Additionally, the cultures permit virus-mediated gene delivery, which can be used for gain- and loss-of-function experiments. This culture method preserves innate hair cells and supporting cells and serves as a potentially superior alternative to the traditional two-dimensional culture of vestibular and auditory sensory organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Gnedeva
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California; Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California;
| | - A J Hudspeth
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Laboratory of Sensory Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University
| | - Neil Segil
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California; Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California
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You D, Guo L, Li W, Sun S, Chen Y, Chai R, Li H. Characterization of Wnt and Notch-Responsive Lgr5+ Hair Cell Progenitors in the Striolar Region of the Neonatal Mouse Utricle. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:137. [PMID: 29760650 PMCID: PMC5937014 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctions in hearing and balance are largely connected with hair cell (HC) loss. Although regeneration of HCs in the adult cochlea does not occur, there is still limited capacity for HC regeneration in the mammalian utricle from a distinct population of supporting cells (SCs). In response to HC damage, these Lgr5+ SCs, especially those in the striolar region, can regenerate HCs. In this study, we isolated Lgr5+ SCs and Plp1+ SCs (which originate from the striolar and extrastriolar regions, respectively) from transgenic mice by flow cytometry so as to compare the properties of these two subsets of SCs. We found that the Lgr5+ progenitors had greater proliferation and HC regeneration ability than the Plp1+ SCs and that the Lgr5+ progenitors responded more strongly to Wnt and Notch signaling than Plp1+ SCs. We then compared the gene expression profiles of the two populations by RNA-Seq and identified several genes that were significantly differentially expressed between the two populations, including genes involved in the cell cycle, transcription and cell signaling pathways. Targeting these genes and pathways might be a potential way to activate HC regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan You
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luo Guo
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Sun
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huawei Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine of NHFPC, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Role of Autophagy in Auditory System Development and Survival. JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEARING AND BALANCE MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/ohbm1010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Jiang L, Xu J, Jin R, Bai H, Zhang M, Yang S, Zhang X, Zhang X, Han Z, Zeng S. Transcriptomic analysis of chicken cochleae after gentamicin damage and the involvement of four signaling pathways (Notch, FGF, Wnt and BMP) in hair cell regeneration. Hear Res 2018; 361:66-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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