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Mohammadi M, Sefidgar M, Aghanajafi C, Kohandel M, Soltani M. Computational Multi-Scale Modeling of Drug Delivery into an Anti-Angiogenic Therapy-Treated Tumor. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5464. [PMID: 38001724 PMCID: PMC10670623 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study develops a numerical model, which is the most complex one, in comparison to previous research to investigate drug delivery accompanied by the anti-angiogenesis effect. This paper simulates intravascular blood flow and interstitial fluid flow using a dynamic model. The model accounts for the non-Newtonian behavior of blood and incorporates the adaptation of the diameter of a heterogeneous microvascular network derived from modeling the evolution of endothelial cells toward a circular tumor sprouting from two-parent vessels, with and without imposing the inhibitory effect of angiostatin on a modified discrete angiogenesis model. The average solute exposure and its uniformity in solid tumors of different sizes are studied by numerically solving the convection-diffusion equation. Three different methodologies are considered for simulating anti-angiogenesis: modifying the capillary network, updating the transport properties, and considering both microvasculature and transport properties modifications. It is shown that anti-angiogenic therapy decreases drug wash-out in the periphery of the tumor. Results show the decisive role of microvascular structure, particularly its distribution, and interstitial transport properties modifications induced via vascular normalization on the quality of drug delivery, such that it is improved by 39% in uniformity by the second approach in R = 0.2 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Mohammadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19919-43344, Iran; (M.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Mostafa Sefidgar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pardis 16581-74583, Iran;
| | - Cyrus Aghanajafi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19919-43344, Iran; (M.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Mohammad Kohandel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;
| | - M. Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19919-43344, Iran; (M.M.); (C.A.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Centre for Sustainable Business, International Business University, Toronto, ON M5S 2V1, Canada
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2
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Han B, Kang Y, Wang H, Wang J, Shen R, Liu S, Lu L, Sun Z, Zhang N. A retrospective study on the efficacy and safety of Endostar with chemotherapy in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:437. [PMID: 37951898 PMCID: PMC10638772 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endostar is a strong angiogenesis inhibitor that is effective in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the effect of Endostar in the treatment of patients with EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC remains unclear. We evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of Endostar in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients resistant to EGFR inhibition treatment. METHODS From January 1, 2016 to June 30, 2018, 68 patients were selected from the 4 institutions for the study. Patients with NSCLC received Endostar plus chemotherapy every 21-day cycle. Chemotherapy types included platinum-containing dual drugs and platinum-free single drugs. Endostar was administered by intermittent intravenous infusion or continuous microinfusion pump infusion. The overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and adverse events were analyzed. Survival of patients was also evaluated. RESULTS For all patients, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.8 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 14.2 months. PFS and OS in the Endostar pump continuous group were better than those in the Endostar intravenous infusion group. The disease control rate (DCR) was 79.4%. A total of 28 (41.2%) patients experienced varying grades of adverse events during treatment. No treatment-associated deaths were observed. The grade 3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were myelosuppression, weakness, and nausea/vomiting. CONCLUSIONS Endostar was effective and well tolerated in advanced NSCLC patients. Endostar treatment showed promising survival results in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Yanrong Kang
- Department of Breast Center, Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, 264001, China
| | - Haiji Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Rong Shen
- Department of Chemotherapy, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Breast Center, Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Breast Center, Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Breast Center, Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China.
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3
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Zeng Y, Zhang S, Li S, Song G, Meng T, Yuan H, Hu F. Normalizing Tumor Blood Vessels to Improve Chemotherapy and Inhibit Breast Cancer Metastasis by Multifunctional Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5078-5089. [PMID: 37728215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal tumor blood vessels with high leakage can promote tumor cells to infiltrate into the systemic circulation and increase the risk of tumor metastasis. In addition, chemotherapy may destroy tumor blood vessels and further aggravate metastasis. Normalizing tumor blood vessels can reduce vascular leakage and increase vascular integrity. The simultaneous administration of vascular normalization drugs and chemotherapy drugs may resist the blood vessels' destruction of chemotherapy. Here, multifunctional nanoparticles (CCM@LMSN/DOX&St), which combined chemotherapy with tumor blood vessel normalization, were prepared for the treatment of breast cancer. The results showed that CCM@LMSN/DOX&St-loaded sunitinib (St) promoted the expression of junction proteins Claudin-4 and VE-cadherin of endothelial cells, reversed the destruction of DOX to the endothelial cell layer, protected the integrity of the endothelial cell layer, and inhibited the migration of 4T1 tumor cells across the endothelial cell layer. In vivo experiments showed that CCM@LMSN/DOX&St effectively inhibited tumor growth in situ; what is exciting was that it also inhibited distal metastasis of breast cancer. CCM@LMSN/DOX&St encapsulated with St can normalize tumor blood vessels, reverse the damage of DOX to tumor blood vessels, increase the integrity of blood vessels, and prevent tumor cell invasion into blood vessels, which can inhibit breast cancer spontaneous metastasis and reduce chemotherapy-induced metastasis. This drug delivery platform effectively inhibited the progression of tumors and provided a promising solution for effective tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Zeng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shufen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sufen Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guangtao Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, China
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4
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Dianat-Moghadam H, Nedaeinia R, Keshavarz M, Azizi M, Kazemi M, Salehi R. Immunotherapies targeting tumor vasculature: challenges and opportunities. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1226360. [PMID: 37727791 PMCID: PMC10506263 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1226360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer biology, and neoadjuvant therapies targeting either tumor vasculature or VEGF signaling have been developed to treat solid malignant tumors. However, these therapies induce complete vascular depletion leading to hypoxic niche, drug resistance, and tumor recurrence rate or leading to impaired delivery of chemo drugs and immune cell infiltration at the tumor site. Achieving a balance between oxygenation and tumor growth inhibition requires determining vascular normalization after treatment with a low dose of antiangiogenic agents. However, monotherapy within the approved antiangiogenic agents' benefits only some tumors and their efficacy improvement could be achieved using immunotherapy and emerging nanocarriers as a clinical tool to optimize subsequent therapeutic regimens and reduce the need for a high dosage of chemo agents. More importantly, combined immunotherapies and nano-based delivery systems can prolong the normalization window while providing the advantages to address the current treatment challenges within antiangiogenic agents. This review summarizes the approved therapies targeting tumor angiogenesis, highlights the challenges and limitations of current therapies, and discusses how vascular normalization, immunotherapies, and nanomedicine could introduce the theranostic potentials to improve tumor management in future clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Dianat-Moghadam
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Nedaeinia
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Keshavarz
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mehdi Azizi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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5
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Tan KF, In LLA, Vijayaraj Kumar P. Surface Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles for Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment to Improve Antitumor Efficiency. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:2944-2981. [PMID: 37435615 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have undergone significant research for their use in the treatment of cancer. Numerous researchers have established their potent antitumor properties, which have greatly impacted the treatment of cancer. AuNPs have been used in four primary anticancer treatment modalities, namely radiation, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and chemotherapy. However, the ability of AuNPs to destroy cancer is lacking and can even harm healthy cells without the right direction to transport them to the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, a suitable targeting technique is needed. Based on the distinct features of the human tumor microenvironment, this review discusses four different targeting strategies that target the four key features of the tumor microenvironment, including abnormal vasculature, overexpression of specific receptors, an acidic microenvironment, and a hypoxic microenvironment, to direct surface-functionalized AuNPs to the tumor microenvironment and increase antitumor efficacies. In addition, some current completed or ongoing clinical trials of AuNPs will also be discussed below to further reinforce the concept of using AuNPs in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Fai Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Lionel Lian Aun In
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Palanirajan Vijayaraj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Kong X, Gao P, Wang J, Fang Y, Hwang KC. Advances of medical nanorobots for future cancer treatments. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:74. [PMID: 37452423 PMCID: PMC10347767 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and diagnosis of many cancers is very challenging. Late stage detection of a cancer always leads to high mortality rates. It is imperative to develop novel and more sensitive and effective diagnosis and therapeutic methods for cancer treatments. The development of new cancer treatments has become a crucial aspect of medical advancements. Nanobots, as one of the most promising applications of nanomedicines, are at the forefront of multidisciplinary research. With the progress of nanotechnology, nanobots enable the assembly and deployment of functional molecular/nanosized machines and are increasingly being utilized in cancer diagnosis and therapeutic treatment. In recent years, various practical applications of nanobots for cancer treatments have transitioned from theory to practice, from in vitro experiments to in vivo applications. In this paper, we review and analyze the recent advancements of nanobots in cancer treatments, with a particular emphasis on their key fundamental features and their applications in drug delivery, tumor sensing and diagnosis, targeted therapy, minimally invasive surgery, and other comprehensive treatments. At the same time, we discuss the challenges and the potential research opportunities for nanobots in revolutionizing cancer treatments. In the future, medical nanobots are expected to become more sophisticated and capable of performing multiple medical functions and tasks, ultimately becoming true nanosubmarines in the bloodstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan ROC.
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7
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Haque M, Shakil MS, Mahmud KM. The Promise of Nanoparticles-Based Radiotherapy in Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061892. [PMID: 36980778 PMCID: PMC10047050 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation has been utilized for a long time for the treatment of cancer patients. However, radiotherapy (RT) has many constraints, among which non-selectivity is the primary one. The implementation of nanoparticles (NPs) with RT not only localizes radiation in targeted tissue but also provides significant tumoricidal effect(s) compared to radiation alone. NPs can be functionalized with both biomolecules and therapeutic agents, and their combination significantly reduces the side effects of RT. NP-based RT destroys cancer cells through multiple mechanisms, including ROS generation, which in turn damages DNA and other cellular organelles, inhibiting of the DNA double-strand damage-repair system, obstructing of the cell cycle, regulating of the tumor microenvironment, and killing of cancer stem cells. Furthermore, such combined treatments overcome radioresistance and drug resistance to chemotherapy. Additionally, NP-based RT in combined treatments have shown synergistic therapeutic benefit(s) and enhanced the therapeutic window. Furthermore, a combination of phototherapy, i.e., photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy with NP-based RT, not only reduces phototoxicity but also offers excellent therapeutic benefits. Moreover, using NPs with RT has shown promise in cancer treatment and shown excellent therapeutic outcomes in clinical trials. Therefore, extensive research in this field will pave the way toward improved RT in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munima Haque
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Salman Shakil
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Mustafa Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
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8
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Zhang J, Tang K, Fang R, Liu J, Liu M, Ma J, Wang H, Ding M, Wang X, Song Y, Yang D. Nanotechnological strategies to increase the oxygen content of the tumor. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1140362. [PMID: 36969866 PMCID: PMC10034070 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1140362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a negative prognostic indicator of solid tumors, which not only changes the survival state of tumors and increases their invasiveness but also remarkably reduces the sensitivity of tumors to treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. Thus, developing therapeutic strategies to alleviate tumor hypoxia has recently been considered an extremely valuable target in oncology. In this review, nanotechnological strategies to elevate oxygen levels in tumor therapy in recent years are summarized, including (I) improving the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, (II) oxygen delivery to hypoxic tumors, and (III) oxygen generation in hypoxic tumors. Finally, the challenges and prospects of these nanotechnological strategies for alleviating tumor hypoxia are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Kaiyuan Tang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Runqi Fang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiayi Ma
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Meng Ding, ; Xiaoxiao Wang, ; Dongliang Yang,
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, China
- *Correspondence: Meng Ding, ; Xiaoxiao Wang, ; Dongliang Yang,
| | - Yanni Song
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Meng Ding, ; Xiaoxiao Wang, ; Dongliang Yang,
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Cunningham C, Bolcaen J, Bisio A, Genis A, Strijdom H, Vandevoorde C. Recombinant Endostatin as a Potential Radiosensitizer in the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:219. [PMID: 37259367 PMCID: PMC9961924 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent type of lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Over the past decades, tumour angiogenesis has been intensely studied in the treatment of NSCLC due to its fundamental role in cancer progression. Several anti-angiogenic drugs, such as recombinant endostatin (RE), have been evaluated in several preclinical and clinical trials, with mixed and often disappointing results. However, there is currently an emerging interest in RE due to its ability to create a vascular normalization window, which could further improve treatment efficacy of the standard NSCLC treatment. This review provides an overview of preclinical and clinical studies that combined RE and radiotherapy for NSCLC treatment. Furthermore, it highlights the ongoing challenges that have to be overcome in order to maximize the benefit; as well as the potential advantage of combinations with particle therapy and immunotherapy, which are rapidly gaining momentum in the treatment landscape of NSCLC. Different angiogenic and immunosuppressive effects are observed between particle therapy and conventional X-ray radiotherapy. The combination of RE, particle therapy and immunotherapy presents a promising future therapeutic triad for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charnay Cunningham
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7602, South Africa
- Radiation Biophysics Division, SSC Laboratory, NRF Ithemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa
| | - Julie Bolcaen
- Radiation Biophysics Division, SSC Laboratory, NRF Ithemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa
| | - Alessandra Bisio
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology—CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Amanda Genis
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7602, South Africa
| | - Hans Strijdom
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7602, South Africa
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- Biophysics Department, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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Chaudhary B, Kumar P, Arya P, Singla D, Kumar V, Kumar D, S R, Wadhwa S, Gulati M, Singh SK, Dua K, Gupta G, Gupta MM. Recent Developments in the Study of the Microenvironment of Cancer and Drug Delivery. Curr Drug Metab 2023; 23:CDM-EPUB-128715. [PMID: 36627789 DOI: 10.2174/1389200224666230110145513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by disrupted molecular variables caused by cells that deviate from regular signal transduction. The uncontrolled segment of such cancerous cells annihilates most of the tissues that contact them. Gene therapy, immunotherapy, and nanotechnology advancements have resulted in novel strategies for anticancer drug delivery. Furthermore, diverse dispersion of nanoparticles in normal stroma cells adversely affects the healthy cells and disrupts the crosstalk of tumour stroma. It can contribute to cancer cell progression inhibition and, conversely, to acquired resistance, enabling cancer cell metastasis and proliferation. The tumour's microenvironment is critical in controlling the dispersion and physiological activities of nano-chemotherapeutics which is one of the targeted drug therapy. As it is one of the methods of treating cancer that involves the use of medications or other substances to specifically target and kill off certain subsets of malignant cells. A targeted therapy may be administered alone or in addition to more conventional methods of care like surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation treatment. The tumour microenvironment, stromatogenesis, barriers and advancement in the drug delivery system across tumour tissue are summarised in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benu Chaudhary
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Shri Ram College of Pharmacy, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Preeti Arya
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Singla
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Virender Kumar
- Swami Dayanand post graduate institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Davinder Kumar
- Swami Dayanand post graduate institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Roshan S
- Deccan College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sheetu Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Madan Mohan Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad &Tobago, WI
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11
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Shrestha B, Tang L, Hood RL. Nanotechnology for Personalized Medicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8984-0_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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12
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Giunta CI, Nazemi SA, Olesińska M, Shahgaldian P. Plasmonic photothermal activation of an organosilica shielded cold-adapted lipase co-immobilised with gold nanoparticles on silica particles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 5:81-87. [PMID: 36605806 PMCID: PMC9765444 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00605g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), owing to their intrinsic plasmonic properties, are widely used in applications ranging from nanotechnology and nanomedicine to catalysis and bioimaging. Capitalising on the ability of AuNPs to generate nanoscale heat upon optical excitation, we designed a nanobiocatalyst with enhanced cryophilic properties. It consists of gold nanoparticles and enzyme molecules, co-immobilised onto a silica scaffold, and shielded within a nanometre-thin organosilica layer. To produce such a hybrid system, we developed and optimized a synthetic method allowing efficient AuNP covalent immobilisation on the surface of silica particles (SPs). Our procedure allows to reach a dense and homogeneous AuNP surface coverage. After enzyme co-immobilisation, a nanometre-thin organosilica layer was grown on the surface of the SPs. This layer was designed to fulfil the dual function of protecting the enzyme from the surrounding environment and allowing the confinement, at the nanometre scale, of the heat diffusing from the AuNPs after surface plasmon resonance photothermal activation. To establish this proof of concept, we used an industrially relevant lipase enzyme, namely Lipase B from Candida Antarctica (CalB). Herein, we demonstrate the possibility to photothermally activate the so-engineered enzymes at temperatures as low as -10 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina I Giunta
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Seyed Amirabbas Nazemi
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Olesińska
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
| | - Patrick Shahgaldian
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Science, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland Hofackerstrasse 30 Muttenz CH-4132 Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute Klingelbergstrasse 82 Basel CH-4056 Switzerland
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13
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Xiao M, Shi Y, Jiang S, Cao M, Chen W, Xu Y, Xu Z, Wang K. Recent advances of nanomaterial-based anti-angiogenic therapy in tumor vascular normalization and immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1039378. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1039378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenesis therapy and immunotherapy are the first-line therapeutic strategies for various tumor treatments in the clinic, bringing significant advantages for tumor patients. Recent studies have shown that anti-angiogenic therapy can potentiate immunotherapy, with many clinical trials conducted based on the combination of anti-angiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, currently available clinical dosing strategies and tools are limited, emphasizing the need for more improvements. Although significant progress has been achieved, several big questions remained, such as how to achieve cell-specific targeting in the tumor microenvironment? How to improve drug delivery efficiency in tumors? Can nanotechnology be used to potentiate existing clinical drugs and achieve synergistic sensitization effects? Over the recent few years, nanomedicines have shown unique advantages in antitumor research, including cell-specific targeting, improved delivery potentiation, and photothermal effects. Given that the applications of nanomaterials in tumor immunotherapy have been widely reported, this review provides a comprehensive overview of research advances on nanomaterials in anti-angiogenesis therapy, mainly focusing on the immunosuppressive effects of abnormal tumor vessels in the tumor immune microenvironment, the targets and strategies of anti-angiogenesis nanomedicines, and the potential synergistic effects and molecular mechanisms of anti-angiogenic nanomedicines in combination with immunotherapy, ultimately providing new perspectives on the nanomedicine-based synergy between anti-angiogenic and immunotherapy.
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14
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Terracciano R, Carcamo-Bahena Y, Royal ALR, Messina L, Delk J, Butler EB, Demarchi D, Grattoni A, Wang Z, Cristini V, Dogra P, Filgueira CS. Zonal Intratumoral Delivery of Nanoparticles Guided by Surface Functionalization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:13983-13994. [PMID: 36318182 PMCID: PMC9671122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of small molecules and anticancer agents to malignant cells or specific regions within a tumor is limited by penetration depth and poor spatial drug distribution, hindering anticancer efficacy. Herein, we demonstrate control over gold nanoparticle (GNP) penetration and spatial distribution across solid tumors by administering GNPs with different surface chemistries at a constant injection rate via syringe pump. A key finding in this study is the discovery of different zone-specific accumulation patterns of intratumorally injected nanoparticles dependent on surface functionalization. Computed tomography (CT) imaging performed in vivo of C57BL/6 mice harboring Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumors on their flank and gross visualization of excised tumors consistently revealed that intratumorally administered citrate-GNPs accumulate in particle clusters in central areas of the tumor, while GNPs functionalized with thiolated phosphothioethanol (PTE-GNPs) and thiolated polyethylene glycol (PEG-GNPs) regularly accumulate in the tumor periphery. Further, PEG functionalization resulted in larger tumoral surface coverage than PTE, reaching beyond the outer zone of the tumor mass and into the surrounding stroma. To understand the dissimilarities in spatiotemporal evolution across the different GNP surface chemistries, we modeled their intratumoral transport with reaction-diffusion equations. Our results suggest that GNP surface passivation affects nanoparticle reactivity with the tumor microenvironment, leading to differential transport behavior across tumor zones. The present study provides a mechanistic understanding of the factors affecting spatiotemporal distribution of nanoparticles in the tumor. Our proof of concept of zonal delivery within the tumor may prove useful for directing anticancer therapies to regions of biomarker overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Terracciano
- Department
of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research
Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United States
- Department
of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico
di Torino, Torino10129, Italy
| | - Yareli Carcamo-Bahena
- Department
of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research
Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United States
| | - Amber Lee R. Royal
- Department
of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research
Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United States
| | - Luca Messina
- Univestià
degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples80138, Italy
| | - Jack Delk
- Texas
A&M University, College
Station, Texas77843, United States
| | - E. Brian Butler
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist
Research Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United States
| | - Danilo Demarchi
- Department
of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico
di Torino, Torino10129, Italy
| | - Alessandro Grattoni
- Department
of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research
Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United States
- Department
of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist
Research Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United States
- Department
of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United States
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Mathematics
in Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research
Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United
States
- Department
of Imaging Physics, University of Texas
MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas77030, United States
- Department
of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell
Medical College, New York, New York10022, United States
| | - Vittorio Cristini
- Mathematics
in Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research
Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United
States
- Department
of Imaging Physics, University of Texas
MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas77030, United States
- Physiology,
Biophysics, and Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Medical
Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York10022, United States
| | - Prashant Dogra
- Mathematics
in Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research
Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United
States
- Department
of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell
Medical College, New York, New York10022, United States
| | - Carly S. Filgueira
- Department
of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research
Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United States
- Department
of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist
Research Institute, Houston, Texas77030, United States
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15
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Wu P, Han J, Gong Y, Liu C, Yu H, Xie N. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems Targeting Tumor Microenvironment for Cancer Immunotherapy Resistance: Current Advances and Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14101990. [PMID: 36297426 PMCID: PMC9612242 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14101990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has shown impressive anti-tumor activity in patients with advanced and early-stage malignant tumors, thus improving long-term survival. However, current cancer immunotherapy is limited by barriers such as low tumor specificity, poor response rate, and systemic toxicities, which result in the development of primary, adaptive, or acquired resistance. Immunotherapy resistance has complex mechanisms that depend on the interaction between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, targeting TME has recently received attention as a feasibility strategy for re-sensitizing resistant neoplastic niches to existing cancer immunotherapy. With the development of nanotechnology, nanoplatforms possess outstanding features, including high loading capacity, tunable porosity, and specific targeting to the desired locus. Therefore, nanoplatforms can significantly improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy while reducing its toxic and side effects on non-target cells that receive intense attention in cancer immunotherapy. This review explores the mechanisms of tumor microenvironment reprogramming in immunotherapy resistance, including TAMs, CAFs, vasculature, and hypoxia. We also examined whether the application of nano-drugs combined with current regimens is improving immunotherapy clinical outcomes in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijie Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jun Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yanju Gong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Han Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (N.X.); Tel.:+86-158-8455-5293 (N.X.)
| | - Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (N.X.); Tel.:+86-158-8455-5293 (N.X.)
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16
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Hamimed S, Jabberi M, Chatti A. Nanotechnology in drug and gene delivery. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:769-787. [PMID: 35505234 PMCID: PMC9064725 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, nanotechnology has widely addressed many nanomaterials in the biomedical area with an opportunity to achieve better-targeted delivery, effective treatment, and an improved safety profile. Nanocarriers have the potential property to protect the active molecule during drug delivery. Depending on the employing nanosystem, the delivery of drugs and genes has enhanced the bioavailability of the molecule at the disease site and exercised an excellent control of the molecule release. Herein, the chapter discusses various advanced nanomaterials designed to develop better nanocarrier systems used to face different diseases such as cancer, heart failure, and malaria. Furthermore, we demonstrate the great attention to the promising role of nanocarriers in ease diagnostic and biodistribution for successful clinical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Hamimed
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, CP 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia. .,Departement of Biology, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Natural and Life Sciences, Chaikh Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, Algeria.
| | - Marwa Jabberi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, CP 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Energy and Matter for Development of Nuclear Sciences (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark, 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Abdelwaheb Chatti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, CP 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia
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17
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Zeng Y, Yu T, Zhang S, Song G, Meng T, Yuan H, Hu F. Combination of tumor vessel normalization and immune checkpoint blockade for breast cancer treatment via multifunctional nanocomplexes. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4140-4155. [PMID: 35726757 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00600f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor vessel normalization can alleviate hypoxia, reduce the intratumoral infiltration of immunosuppressive cells and increase the intratumoral infiltration of immune effector cells (CD8+ T cells), further reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, nanocomplexes (lipo/St@FA-COSA/BMS-202) which can accurately deliver drugs to tumor tissues and release different drugs at different sites with different rates were prepared to combine tumor vessel normalization with immune checkpoint blockade. The results of drug release in vitro showed that in a pH 6.5 release medium, lipo/St@FA-COSA/BMS-202 rapidly released the vascular normalizing drug (sunitinib, St) and slowly released the PD-1/PD-L1-blocking drug (BMS-202). The results of in vivo experiments showed that the rapidly released St normalized tumor vessels and formed an immunosupportive microenvironment which improved the anti-tumor efficacy of BMS-202. In conclusion, the drug delivery strategy significantly inhibited tumor growth and had excellent anti-tumor efficacy, which can provide a potential approach for effective tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Zeng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Tong Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Shufen Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Guangtao Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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18
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Raju GSR, Pavitra E, Varaprasad GL, Bandaru SS, Nagaraju GP, Farran B, Huh YS, Han YK. Nanoparticles mediated tumor microenvironment modulation: current advances and applications. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:274. [PMID: 35701781 PMCID: PMC9195263 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in cancer development and emergence of drug resistance. TME modulation has recently garnered attention as a potential approach for reprogramming the TME and resensitizing resistant neoplastic niches to existing cancer therapies such as immunotherapy or chemotherapy. Nano-based solutions have important advantages over traditional platform and can be specifically targeted and delivered to desired sites. This review explores novel nano-based approaches aimed at targeting and reprogramming aberrant TME components such as macrophages, fibroblasts, tumor vasculature, hypoxia and ROS pathways. We also discuss how nanoplatforms can be combined with existing anti-tumor regimens such as radiotherapy, immunotherapy, phototherapy or chemotherapy to enhance clinical outcomes in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Eluri Pavitra
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganji Lakshmi Varaprasad
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Batoul Farran
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Ruella Oliveira S, Tuttis K, Rita Thomazela Machado A, Cristina de Souza Rocha C, Maria Greggi Antunes L, Barbosa F. Cell-to-cell heterogeneous association of prostate cancer with gold nanoparticles elucidated by single-cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Yu S, Wang Y, He P, Shao B, Liu F, Xiang Z, Yang T, Zeng Y, He T, Ma J, Wang X, Liu L. Effective Combinations of Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy for Cancer Treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:809304. [PMID: 35198442 PMCID: PMC8858950 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.809304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Though single tumor immunotherapy and radiotherapy have significantly improved the survival rate of tumor patients, there are certain limitations in overcoming tumor metastasis, recurrence, and reducing side effects. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new tumor treatment methods. The new combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy shows promise in improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing recurrence by enhancing the ability of the immune system to recognize and eradicate tumor cells, to overcome tumor immune tolerance mechanisms. Nanomaterials, as new drug-delivery-system materials of the 21st century, can maintain the activity of drugs, improve drug targeting, and reduce side effects in tumor immunotherapy. Additionally, nanomaterials, as radiosensitizers, have shown great potential in tumor radiotherapy due to their unique properties, such as light, heat, electromagnetic effects. Here, we review the mechanisms of tumor immunotherapy and radiotherapy and the synergy of radiotherapy with multiple types of immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), tumor vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, and cytokine therapy. Finally, we propose the potential for nanomaterials in tumor radiotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siting Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bianfei Shao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongzheng Xiang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiachun Ma
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiran Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Liu,
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21
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Shrestha B, Tang L, Hood RL. Nanotechnology for Personalized Medicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9374-7_18-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Zhu D, Li Y, Zhang Z, Xue Z, Hua Z, Luo X, Zhao T, Lu C, Liu Y. Recent advances of nanotechnology-based tumor vessel-targeting strategies. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:435. [PMID: 34930293 PMCID: PMC8686559 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01190-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor vessels can provide oxygen and nutrition for solid tumor tissue, create abnormal tumor microenvironment (TME), and play a vital role in the development, immune escape, metastasis and drug resistance of tumor. Tumor vessel-targeting therapy has become an important and promising direction in anti-tumor therapy, with the development of five anti-tumor therapeutic strategies, including vascular disruption, anti-angiogenesis, vascular blockade, vascular normalization and breaking immunosuppressive TME. However, the insufficient drug accumulation and severe side effects of vessel-targeting drugs limit their development in clinical application. Nanotechnology offers an excellent platform with flexible modified surface that can precisely deliver diverse cargoes, optimize efficacy, reduce side effects, and realize the combined therapy. Various nanomedicines (NMs) have been developed to target abnormal tumor vessels and specific TME to achieve more efficient vessel-targeting therapy. The article reviews tumor vascular abnormalities and the resulting abnormal microenvironment, the application of NMs in the tumor vessel-targeting strategies, and how NMs can improve these strategies and achieve multi-strategies combination to maximize anti-tumor effects. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhengjia Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zeyu Xue
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhenglai Hua
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinyi Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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23
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Zhang Y, He J. Tumor vasculature-targeting nanomedicines. Acta Biomater 2021; 134:1-12. [PMID: 34271167 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled tumor growth and subsequent distant metastasis are highly dependent on an adequate nutrient supply from tumor blood vessels, which have relatively different pathophysiological characteristics from those of normal vasculature. Obviously, strategies targeting tumor vasculature, such as anti-angiogenic drugs and vascular disrupting agents, are attractive methods for cancer therapy. However, the off-target effects and high dose administration of these drug regimens critically restrict their clinical applications. In recent years, nanomedicines focused on tumor vasculature have been shown to be superior to traditional therapeutic methods and do not induce side effects. This review will first highlight the recent development of tumor vasculature-targeting nanomedicines from the following four aspects: 1) angiogenesis-inhibiting nanomedicines (AINs); 2) vasculature-disrupting nanomedicines (VDNs); 3) vasculature infarction nanomedicines (VINs); and 4) vasculature-regulating nanomedicines (VRNs). Furthermore, the design principles, limitations, and future directions are also discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Based on the essential roles of tumor blood vessels, the therapeutic strategies targeting tumor vasculature have exhibited good clinical therapeutic outcomes. However, poor patient adherence to free drug administration limits their clinical usage. Nanomedicines have great potential to overcome the abovementioned obstacle. This review summarizes the tumor-vasculature targeting nanomedicines from four aspects: 1) angiogenesis-inhibiting nanomedicines (AINs); 2) vasculature-disrupting nanomedicines (VDNs); 3) vasculature infarction nanomedicines (VINs); and 4) vasculature regulating nanomedicines (VRNs). In addition, this review provides perspectives on this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, PR China
| | - Jingni He
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang 110022, PR China.
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24
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Wang N, Gao Q, Tang J, Jiang Y, Yang L, Shi X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Fu S, Lin S. Anti-tumor effect of local injectable hydrogel-loaded endostatin alone and in combination with radiotherapy for lung cancer. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:183-194. [PMID: 33427520 PMCID: PMC7808389 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1869864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Endostatin (ES) can effectively inhibit neovascularization in most solid tumors and has the potential to make oxygen delivery more efficient and increase the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT). With a short half-life, ES is mainly administered systemically, which leads to low intake in tumor tissue and often toxic systemic side effects. In this study, we used hyaluronic acid-tyramine as a carrier to synthesize an ES-loaded hydrogel drug (ES/HA-Tyr) that can be injected locally. ES/HA-Tyr has a longer half-life and fewer systemic toxic side effects, and it exerts a better anti-angiogenic effect and anti-tumor effect with RT. In vitro, ES/HA-Tyr showed sustained release in the release assay and a stronger ability to inhibit the proliferation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the MTT assay; it exhibited a more potent effect against HUVEC invasion and a stronger anti-angiogenic effect on HUVECs in tube formation. In vivo, ES/HA-Tyr increased local drug concentration, decreased blood drug concentration, and caused less systemic toxicity. Further, ES/HA-Tyr effectively reduced tumor microvessel density, increased tumor pericyte coverage, decreased tumor hypoxia, and increased RT response. ES/HA-Tyr + RT also had increased anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects in Lewis lung cancer (LLC) xenograft models. In conclusion, ES/HA-Tyr showed sustained release, lower systemic toxicity, and better anti-tumor effects than ES. In addition, ES/HA-Tyr + RT enhanced anti-angiogenic effects, reduced tumor hypoxia, and increased the efficacy of RT in LLC-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Qin Gao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - YiQing Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - LiShi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - XiangXiang Shi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - ShaoZhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Ahmad S, Idris RAM, Wan Hanaffi WN, Perumal K, Boer JC, Plebanski M, Jaafar J, Lim JK, Mohamud R. Cancer Nanomedicine and Immune System—Interactions and Challenges. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.681305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles have tremendous therapeutic potential in the treatment of cancer as they increase drug delivery, attenuate drug toxicity, and protect drugs from rapid clearance. Since Doxil®, the first FDA-approved nanomedicine, several other cancer nanomedicines have been approved and have successfully increased the efficacy over their free drug counterparts. Although their mechanisms of action are well established, their effects towards our immune system, particularly in the tumor microenvironment (TME), still warrant further investigation. Herein, we review the interactions between an approved cancer nanomedicine with TME immunology. We also discuss the challenges that need to be addressed for the full clinical potential of ongoing cancer nanomedicines despite the encouraging preclinical data.
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Li W, Wu Y, Wang H, Dai L, Wang W, Zhu Y. Efficacy of continuous i.v. infusion of recombinant human vascular endothelial growth inhibitor in combination with chemotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:3278-3285. [PMID: 34017499 PMCID: PMC8129233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to observe the efficacy of continuous i.v. infusion of Recombinant Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Inhibitor (rhVEGI) in combination with chemotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer (ALC). METHODS Eighty-six patients with ALC treated at our hospital between November 2018 and May 2020 were divided into two groups of 43 patients each according to a random number table. The control group (CG) was treated with routine chemotherapy, and the experimental group (EG) was treated with continuous i.v. Infusion of rhVEGI plus chemotherapy. The two groups were compared in terms of clinical efficacy, toxic side effects, immune function (T-lymphocyte subsets CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+), changes in neovascular parameters (serum bFGF, VEGF, MMP-9), quality of life, and survival rate within 6 months between two groups. RESULTS The response rate (81.40%) was higher in the EG (60.47%) than in the CG (P<0.05). After treatment, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ increased in both groups, while CD8+, serum bFGF, VEGF, and MMP-9 levels decreased, and the improvement in the EG was better than that in the CG (P<0.05). Three months after treatment, all quality of life scores increased in both groups, and were higher in the EG than in the CG (P<0.05). The mortality rate (32.56%) was lower in the EG (32.56%) than in the CG (67.44%) (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Continuous i.v. infusion of rhVEGI combined with chemotherapy can effectively enhance clinical treatment efficacy, inhibit tumor cell growth, improve immune function, reduce mortality, and improve quality of life without increasing adverse effects in patients with ALC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityFuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Ya Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityFuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, Funan County People’s HospitalFuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Funan County People’s HospitalFuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityFuyang, Anhui, China
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Liang P, Ballou B, Lv X, Si W, Bruchez MP, Huang W, Dong X. Monotherapy and Combination Therapy Using Anti-Angiogenic Nanoagents to Fight Cancer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005155. [PMID: 33684242 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapy, targeting vascular endothelial cells (ECs) to prevent tumor growth, has been attracting increasing attention in recent years, beginning with bevacizumab (Avastin) through its Phase II/III clinical trials on solid tumors. However, these trials showed only modest clinical efficiency; moreover, anti-angiogenic therapy may induce acquired resistance to the drugs employed. Combining advanced drug delivery techniques (e.g., nanotechnology) or other therapeutic strategies (e.g., chemotherapy, radiotherapy, phototherapy, and immunotherapy) with anti-angiogenic therapy results in significantly synergistic effects and has opened a new horizon in fighting cancer. Herein, clinical difficulties in using traditional anti-angiogenic therapy are discussed. Then, several promising applications of anti-angiogenic nanoagents in monotherapies and combination therapies are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of anti-angiogenic cancer therapy are summarized. A useful introduction to anti-angiogenic strategies, which may significantly improve therapeutic outcomes, is thus provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Byron Ballou
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Mellon Institute, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Xinyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Weili Si
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Marcel P Bruchez
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Mellon Institute, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Wei Huang
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
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Lemaalem M, Hadrioui N, El Fassi S, Derouiche A, Ridouane H. An efficient approach to study membrane nano-inclusions: from the complex biological world to a simple representation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:10962-10974. [PMID: 35423551 PMCID: PMC8695885 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00632k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane nano-inclusions (NIs) are of great interest in biophysics, materials science, nanotechnology, and medicine. We hypothesized that the NIs within a biological membrane bilayer interact via a simple and efficient interaction potential, inspired by previous experimental and theoretical work. This interaction implicitly treats the membrane lipids but takes into account its effect on the NIs micro-arrangement. Thus, the study of the NIs is simplified to a two-dimensional colloidal system with implicit solvent. We calculated the structural properties from Molecular Dynamics simulations (MD), and we developed a Scaling Theory to discuss their behavior. We determined the thermal properties through potential energy per NI and pressure, and we discussed their variation as a function of the NIs number density. We performed a detailed study of the NIs dynamics using two approaches, MD simulations, and Dynamics Theory. We identified two characteristic values of number density, namely a critical number density n c = 3.67 × 10-3 Å-2 corresponded to the apparition of chain-like structures along with the liquid dispersed structure and the gelation number density n g = 8.40 × 10-3 Å-2 corresponded to the jamming state. We showed that the aggregation structure of NIs is of fractal dimension d F < 2. Also, we identified three diffusion regimes of membrane NIs, namely, normal for n < n c, subdiffusive for n c ≤ n < n g, and blocked for n ≥ n g. Thus, this paper proposes a simple and effective approach for studying the physical properties of membrane NIs. In particular, our results identify scaling exponents related to the microstructure and dynamics of membrane NIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lemaalem
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - N Hadrioui
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - S El Fassi
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - A Derouiche
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - H Ridouane
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
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Nirmala JG, Rachineni K, Choudhary S, Hosur RV, Lopus M. Triphala polyphenols-functionalized gold nanoparticles impair cancer cell survival through induction of tubulin dysfunction. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Sheeraz Z, Chow JC. Evaluation of dose enhancement with gold nanoparticles in kilovoltage radiotherapy using the new EGS geometry library in Monte Carlo simulation. AIMS BIOPHYSICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/biophy.2021027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
<abstract><sec>
<title>Purpose</title>
<p>This study compared the dose enhancement predicted in kilovoltage gold nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy using the newly developed EGS lattice and the typical gold-water mixture method in Monte Carlo simulation. This new method considered the gold nanoparticle-added volume consisting of solid nanoparticles instead of a gold-water mixture. In addition, this particle method is more realistic in simulation.</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>A heterogeneous phantom containing bone and water was irradiated by the 105 and 220 kVp x-ray beams. Gold nanoparticles were added to the tumour volume with concentration varying from 3–40 mg/mL in the phantom. The dose enhancement ratio (DER), defined as the ratio of dose at the tumour with and without adding gold nanoparticles, was calculated by the gold-water mixture and particle method using Monte Carlo simulation for comparison.</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>It is found that the DER was 1.44–4.71 (105 kVp) and 1.27–2.43 (220 kVp) for the gold nanoparticle concentration range of 3–40 mg/mL, when they were calculated by the gold-water mixture method. The DER was slightly larger and equal to 1.47–4.84 (105 kVp) and 1.29–2.5 (220 kVp) for the same concentration range, when the particle method was used. Moreover, the DER predicted by both methods increased with an increase of nanoparticle concentration, and a decrease of x-ray beam energy.</p>
</sec><sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>The deviation of DER determined by the particle and gold-water mixture method was insignificant when considering the uncertainty in the calculation of DER (2%) in the nanoparticle concentration range of 3–40 mg/mL. It is therefore concluded that the gold-water mixture method could predict the dose enhancement as accurate as the newly developed particle method.</p>
</sec></abstract>
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Gold Nanopeanuts as Prospective Support for Cisplatin in Glioblastoma Nano-Chemo-Radiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239082. [PMID: 33260340 PMCID: PMC7730046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we propose newly designed and synthesized gold nanopeanuts (Au NPes) as supports for cisplatin (cPt) immobilization, dedicated to combined glioblastoma nano-chemo-radiotherapy. Au NPes offer a large active surface, which can be used for drugs immobilization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the size of the synthesized Au NPes along the longitudinal axis is ~60 nm, while along the transverse axis ~20 nm. Raman, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DCS) measurements showed, that the created nanosystem is stable up to a temperature of 110 °C. MTT assay revealed, that the highest cell mortality was observed for cell lines subjected to nano-chemo-radiotherapy (20–55%). Hence, Au NPes with immobilized cPt (cPt@AuNPes) are a promising nanosystem to improve the therapeutic efficiency of combined nano-chemo-radiotherapy.
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Haider T, Sandha KK, Soni V, Gupta PN. Recent advances in tumor microenvironment associated therapeutic strategies and evaluation models. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Sun X, Ni N, Ma Y, Wang Y, Leong DT. Retooling Cancer Nanotherapeutics' Entry into Tumors to Alleviate Tumoral Hypoxia. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003000. [PMID: 32803846 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anti-hypoxia cancer nanomedicine (AHCN) holds exciting potential in improving oxygen-dependent therapeutic efficiencies of malignant tumors. However, most studies regarding AHCN focus on optimizing structure and function of nanomaterials with presupposed successful entry into tumor cells. From such a traditional perspective, the main barrier that AHCN needs to overcome is mainly the tumor cell membrane. However, such an oversimplified perspective would neglect that real tumors have many biological, physiological, physical, and chemical defenses preventing the current state-of-the-art AHCNs from even reaching the targeted tumor cells. Fortunately, in recent years, some studies are beginning to intentionally focus on overcoming physiological barriers to alleviate hypoxia. In this Review, the limitations behind the traditional AHCN delivery mindset are addressed and the key barriers that need to be surmounted before delivery to cancer cells and some good ways to improve cell membrane attachment, internalization, and intracellular retention are summarized. It is aimed to contribute to Review literature on this emerging topic through refreshing perspectives based on this work and what is also learnt from others. This Review would therefore assist AHCNs researchers to have a quick overview of the essential information and glean thought-provoking ideas to advance this sub-field in cancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Nengyi Ni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yanling Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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Acebes-Fernández V, Landeira-Viñuela A, Juanes-Velasco P, Hernández AP, Otazo-Perez A, Manzano-Román R, Gongora R, Fuentes M. Nanomedicine and Onco-Immunotherapy: From the Bench to Bedside to Biomarkers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1274. [PMID: 32610601 PMCID: PMC7407304 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The broad relationship between the immune system and cancer is opening a new hallmark to explore for nanomedicine. Here, all the common and synergy points between both areas are reviewed and described, and the recent approaches which show the progress from the bench to the beside to biomarkers developed in nanomedicine and onco-immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Acebes-Fernández
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry General Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (V.A.-F.); (A.L.-V.); (P.J.-V.); (A.-P.H.); (A.O.-P.); (R.G.)
| | - Alicia Landeira-Viñuela
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry General Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (V.A.-F.); (A.L.-V.); (P.J.-V.); (A.-P.H.); (A.O.-P.); (R.G.)
| | - Pablo Juanes-Velasco
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry General Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (V.A.-F.); (A.L.-V.); (P.J.-V.); (A.-P.H.); (A.O.-P.); (R.G.)
| | - Angela-Patricia Hernández
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry General Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (V.A.-F.); (A.L.-V.); (P.J.-V.); (A.-P.H.); (A.O.-P.); (R.G.)
| | - Andrea Otazo-Perez
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry General Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (V.A.-F.); (A.L.-V.); (P.J.-V.); (A.-P.H.); (A.O.-P.); (R.G.)
| | - Raúl Manzano-Román
- Proteomics Unit, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Rafael Gongora
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry General Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (V.A.-F.); (A.L.-V.); (P.J.-V.); (A.-P.H.); (A.O.-P.); (R.G.)
| | - Manuel Fuentes
- Department of Medicine and Cytometry General Service-Nucleus, CIBERONC CB16/12/00400, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (V.A.-F.); (A.L.-V.); (P.J.-V.); (A.-P.H.); (A.O.-P.); (R.G.)
- Proteomics Unit, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC/CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
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Vaughan HJ, Green JJ, Tzeng SY. Cancer-Targeting Nanoparticles for Combinatorial Nucleic Acid Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901081. [PMID: 31222852 PMCID: PMC6923623 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acids are a promising type of therapeutic for the treatment of a wide range of conditions, including cancer, but they also pose many delivery challenges. For efficient and safe delivery to cancer cells, nucleic acids must generally be packaged into a vehicle, such as a nanoparticle, that will allow them to be taken up by the target cells and then released in the appropriate cellular compartment to function. As with other types of therapeutics, delivery vehicles for nucleic acids must also be designed to avoid unwanted side effects; thus, the ability of such carriers to target their cargo to cancer cells is crucial. Classes of nucleic acids, hurdles that must be overcome for effective intracellular delivery, types of nonviral nanomaterials used as delivery vehicles, and the different strategies that can be employed to target nucleic acid delivery specifically to tumor cells are discussed. Additonally, nanoparticle designs that facilitate multiplexed delivery of combinations of nucleic acids are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Smith Building 5001, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Jordan J Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Smith Building 5001, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Stephany Y Tzeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 North Broadway, Smith Building 5001, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
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Edatt L, Poyyakkara A, Raji GR, Ramachandran V, Shankar SS, Kumar VBS. Role of Sirtuins in Tumor Angiogenesis. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1516. [PMID: 32010617 PMCID: PMC6978795 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Generally, changes in the metabolic status of cells under conditions like hypoxia and accumulation of lactate can be sensed by various sensing mechanisms, leading to modulation of a number of signal transduction pathways and transcription factors. Several of the proangiogenic cytokines like VEGF, FGF, PDGF, TGF-β, Ang-2, ILs, etc. are secreted by cancer cells, under hypoxic microenvironment. These cytokines bind to their receptors on the endothelial cells and activates a number of signaling pathways including Akt/PIP3, Src, p38/MAPK, Smad2/3, etc., which ultimately results in the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. Transcription factors that are activated in response to the metabolic status of tumors include HIFs, NF-κb, p53, El-2, and FOXO. Many of these transcription factors has been reported to be regulated by a class of histone deacetylase called sirtuins. Sirtuins are NAD+ dependent histone deacetylases that play pivotal role in the regulation of tumor cell metabolism, proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. The major function of sirtuins include, deacetylation of histones as well as some non-histone proteins like NF-κB, FOXOs, PPAR⋎, PGC1-α, enzymes like acetyl coenzymeA and structural proteins like α tubulin. In the cell, sirtuins are generally considered as the redox sensors and their activities are dependent on the metabolic status of the cell. Understanding the intricate regulatory mechanisms adopted by sirtuins, is crucial in devising effective therapeutic strategies against angiogenesis, metastasis and tumor progression. Keeping this in mind, the present review focuses on the role of sirtuins in the process of tumor angiogenesis and the regulatory mechanisms employed by them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - V. B. Sameer Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India
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Mao W, Kim SR, Yoo HS. Surface-decorated nanoparticles clicked into nanoparticle clusters for oligonucleotide encapsulation. RSC Adv 2020; 10:37040-37049. [PMID: 35521231 PMCID: PMC9057053 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06622b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are the predominant and representative metal nano-carriers used for the tumor-targeted delivery of therapeutics because they possess advantages such as biocompatibility, high drug loading efficiency, and enhanced accumulation at tumor sites via the size-dependent enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. In this study, we designed an AuNP functionalized with block polymers comprising polyethylenimine and azide group-functionalized poly(ethyl glycol) for the electrostatic incorporation of cytosine–guanine oligonucleotide (CpG ODN) on the surface. The ODN-incorporated AuNPs were cross-linked to gold nanoparticle clusters (AuNCs) via click chemistry using a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 cleavable peptide linker modified with alkyne groups at both ends. In the presence of Cu(i), azide groups and alkyne groups spontaneously cyclize to form a triazole ring with high fidelity and efficiency, and therefore allow single AuNPs to stack to larger AuNCs for increased EPR effect-mediated tumor targeting. 1H-NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the successful synthesis of an azide–PEG-grafted branched polyethylenimine, and the size and morphology of AuNPs fabricated by the synthesized polymer were confirmed to be 4.02 ± 0.45 nm by field emission-transmission electron microscopy. Raman spectroscopy characterization demonstrated the introduction of azide groups on the surface of the synthesized AuNPs. Zeta-potential and gel-retardation analysis of CpG-loaded AuNPs indicated complete CpG sequestration by AuNPs when the CpG : AuNP weight ratio was higher than 1 : 2.5. The clustering process of the CpG-loaded AuNPs was monitored and was demonstrated to be dependent on the alkyne linker-to-AuNP ratio. Thus, the clicked AuNC can be tailored as a gene carrier where a high accumulation of therapeutics is required. AuNPs with bPEI and azide modification are loaded with CpG and self-assembled to AuNCs by click chemistry using an alkyne-terminated MMP-2 cleavable peptide as a linker. The clusters are dissembled by MMP-2 to release CpG in a stimuli-responsive manner.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Mao
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering
- Kangwon National University
- Chuncheon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Song Rae Kim
- Chuncheon Center
- Korea Basic Science Institute
- Chuncheon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Sang Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering
- Kangwon National University
- Chuncheon
- Republic of Korea
- Institute of Molecular Science and Fusion Technology
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Mattheolabakis G, Mikelis CM. Nanoparticle Delivery and Tumor Vascular Normalization: The Chicken or The Egg? Front Oncol 2019; 9:1227. [PMID: 31799190 PMCID: PMC6863425 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-induced angiogenesis has been a significant focus of anti-cancer therapies for several decades. The immature and "leaky" tumor vasculature leads to significant cancer cell intravasation, increasing the metastatic potential, while the disoriented and hypo-perfused tumor vessels hamper the anti-tumor efficacy of immune cells and prevent the efficient diffusion of chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, tumor vascular normalization has emerged as a new treatment goal, aiming to provide a mature tumor vasculature, with higher perfusion, decreased cancer cell extravasation, and higher efficacy for anti-cancer therapies. Here we propose an overview of the nanodelivery approaches that target tumor vasculature, aiming to achieve vascular normalization. At the same time, abnormal vascular architecture and leaky tumor vessels have been the cornerstone for nanodelivery approaches through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Vascular normalization presents new opportunities and requirements for efficient nanoparticle delivery against the tumor cells and overall improved anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Mattheolabakis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States
| | - Constantinos M. Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, United States
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Ding J, Feng X, Jiang Z, Xu W, Guo H, Zhuang X, Chen X. Polymer-Mediated Penetration-Independent Cancer Therapy. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:4258-4271. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiangru Feng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Hui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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Sahu A, Kwon I, Tae G. Improving cancer therapy through the nanomaterials-assisted alleviation of hypoxia. Biomaterials 2019; 228:119578. [PMID: 31678843 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, resulting from the imbalance between oxygen supply and consumption is a critical component of the tumor microenvironment. It has a paramount impact on cancer growth, metastasis and has long been known as a major obstacle for cancer therapy. However, none of the clinically approved anticancer therapeutics currently available for human use directly tackles this problem. Previous clinical trials of targeting tumor hypoxia with bioreductive prodrugs have failed to demonstrate satisfactory results. Therefore, new ideas are needed to overcome the hypoxia barrier. The method of modulating hypoxia to improve the therapeutic activity is of great interest but remains a considerable challenge. One of the emerging concepts is to supply or generate oxygen at the tumor site to increase the partial oxygen pressure and thereby reverse the hypoxia and its effects. In this review, we present an overview of the recent progress in the development of novel nanomaterials for the alleviation of hypoxic microenvironment. Two main strategies for hypoxia augmentation, i) direct delivery of O2 into the tumor, and ii) in situ O2 generations in the tumor microenvironment through different methods such as catalytic decomposition of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and light-triggered water splitting are discussed in detail. At present, these emerging nanomaterials are in their early phase and expected to grow rapidly in the coming years. Despite the promising start, there are several challenges needed to overcome for successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sahu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Inchan Kwon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Giyoong Tae
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Bai Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Fu J, Xing X, Wang C, Gao L, Liu Y, Shi L. Potential applications of nanoparticles for tumor microenvironment remodeling to ameliorate cancer immunotherapy. Int J Pharm 2019; 570:118636. [PMID: 31446027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have made significant innovations in the field of tumor immunotherapy based on the knowledge of biology, oncology, and immunology. Tumor immunotherapy involves the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR (chimeric antigen receptor)-T cell therapy. As compared with conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy is a potential approach to induce a more powerful immune response against tumor in the patient suffering from the advanced stage malignancy. Regardless of the developments made, a large number of clinical studies have confirmed that a substantial number of cancer patients still demonstrate non-responsiveness to immunotherapy, mainly due to the immunomodulating interactions of tumor cells with the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (iTME). It leads to immune tolerance of tumors and influences the efficacy of immunotherapy. This immune failure could be attributed to a complex immunosuppressive network comprising stromal and inflammatory cells, vessel system, ECM (extracellular matrix) and the cytokines released in tumor microenvironment (TME). The antitumor immune activity can be enhanced at different stages of tumor development by selective suppression of inhibitory pathways in the TME. This specific task can be achieved by using nano-sized drug delivery tools which are specific in their action and biocompatible in nature. Several recent studies have described the use of nanoparticles for iTME remodeling through the specific elimination of immunosuppressive cells, obstructing immune checkpoints, promotion of inflammatory cytokines, and amending the regulatory cells of the immune system. The efficacy of current immunotherapy can be improved by nanoparticle-mediated remodeling of iTME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Bai
- Extrathoracic and Thyroid Mammary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Extrathoracic and Thyroid Mammary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Encephalopathy Center, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Reproductive Center, Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiuli Xing
- Physical Examination Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Chunlan Wang
- Respiratory Department, First Clinical College, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Longlan Gao
- Brain Surgery, Liaoyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoyuan 136000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Brain Surgery, Liaoyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoyuan 136000, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China.
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Zhang C, Yan L, Gu Z, Zhao Y. Strategies based on metal-based nanoparticles for hypoxic-tumor radiotherapy. Chem Sci 2019; 10:6932-6943. [PMID: 31588260 PMCID: PMC6676466 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02107h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the most effective and frequent clinical cancer treatments. Nevertheless, RT can cause damage to normal tissues around tumors under high-dose ionizing radiation. Inspired by versatile metal-based nanomaterials, great efforts have been devoted to developing nanomaterials with high-Z metal elements as radiosensitizers by depositing more energy into tumors for RT enhancement. However, these metal-based nanomaterial-mediated RTs are highly O2-dependent. Unfortunately, O2 concentrations within the majority of solid tumors exhibit low levels, which seriously hampers the antitumor efficacy of these nanomaterials during RT. Therefore, the development of novel metal-based nanomaterials as radiosensitizers capable of avoiding the radioresistance induced by tumor hypoxia is highly desirable and important. Currently, the most effective approaches to reverse the radioresistance of hypoxic tumors are to introduce nanomaterials with O2-elevating ability by delivering exogenous O2, generating O2 in situ, increasing intratumoral blood flow, or reducing HIF-1 expression to harness the O2 level in solid tumors. Besides these, recently, some innovative and simple strategies by employing nanoradiosensitizers with diminished oxygen dependence have also been applied to combat unmet hypoxic challenges, in which nanoradiosensitizers can target tumor hypoxia for selective RT, enhance oxygen-independent ROS generation, or combine with non-oxygen dependent cancer therapies for synergistic treatments. These approaches and strategies provide new avenues for enhanced hypoxic-tumor RT. Nevertheless, an overall review aiming specifically at these strategies is still rare. Herein, we present an overview about recent advances in metal-based nanomaterials for hypoxic-tumor RT, and give a detailed discussion about the design and working mechanisms of these strategies in their application of RT. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives are also pointed out in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China .
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Liang Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China .
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China .
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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Fratoddi I, Venditti I, Battocchio C, Carlini L, Amatori S, Porchia M, Tisato F, Bondino F, Magnano E, Pellei M, Santini C. Highly Hydrophilic Gold Nanoparticles as Carrier for Anticancer Copper(I) Complexes: Loading and Release Studies for Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E772. [PMID: 31137492 PMCID: PMC6567210 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which are strongly hydrophilic and dimensionally suitable for drug delivery, were used in loading and release studies of two different copper(I)-based antitumor complexes, namely [Cu(PTA)4]+ [BF4]- (A; PTA = 1, 3, 5-triaza-7-phosphadamantane) and [HB(pz)3Cu(PCN)] (B; HB(pz)3 = tris(pyrazolyl)borate, PCN = tris(cyanoethyl)phosphane). In the homoleptic, water-soluble compound A, the metal is tetrahedrally arranged in a cationic moiety. Compound B is instead a mixed-ligand (scorpionate/phosphane), neutral complex insoluble in water. In this work, the loading procedures and the loading efficiency of A and B complexes on the AuNPs were investigated, with the aim to improve their bioavailability and to obtain a controlled release. The non-covalent interactions of A and B with the AuNPs surface were studied by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-Vis, FT-IR and high-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HR-XPS) measurements. As a result, the AuNPs-A system proved to be more stable and efficient than the AuNPs-B system. In fact, for AuNPs-A the drug loading reached 90%, whereas for AuNPs-B it reached 65%. For AuNPs-A conjugated systems, a release study in water solution was performed over 4 days, showing a slow release up to 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Fratoddi
- Chemistry Department Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Iole Venditti
- Sciences Department Roma Tre University of Rome, via della Vasca navale 79, 00146 Rome Italy.
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Sciences Department Roma Tre University of Rome, via della Vasca navale 79, 00146 Rome Italy.
| | - Laura Carlini
- Sciences Department Roma Tre University of Rome, via della Vasca navale 79, 00146 Rome Italy.
| | - Simone Amatori
- Chemistry Department Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marina Porchia
- ICMATE, National Research Council (CNR), Corso Stati Uniti, 4-35127 Padua, Italy.
| | - Francesco Tisato
- ICMATE, National Research Council (CNR), Corso Stati Uniti, 4-35127 Padua, Italy.
| | - Federica Bondino
- IOM-CNR Laboratorio TASC, SS 14, km 163,5 Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Elena Magnano
- IOM-CNR Laboratorio TASC, SS 14, km 163,5 Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC) Italy.
| | - Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC) Italy.
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Le QV, Suh J, Oh YK. Nanomaterial-Based Modulation of Tumor Microenvironments for Enhancing Chemo/Immunotherapy. AAPS JOURNAL 2019; 21:64. [PMID: 31102154 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has drawn considerable research attention as an alternative target for nanomedicine-based cancer therapy. Various nanomaterials that carry active substances have been designed to alter the features or composition of the TME and thereby improve the delivery and efficacy of anticancer chemotherapeutics. These alterations include disruption of the extracellular matrix and tumor vascular systems to promote perfusion or modulate hypoxia. Nanomaterials have also been used to modulate the immunological microenvironment of tumors. In this context, nanomaterials have been shown to alter populations of cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Despite considerable progress, nanomaterial-based TME modulation must overcome several limitations before this strategy can be translated to clinical trials, including issues related to limited tumor tissue penetration, tumor heterogeneity, and immune toxicity. In this review, we summarize recent progress and challenges of nanomaterials used to modulate the TME to enhance the efficacy of anticancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc-Viet Le
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhan Suh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Z, Zhang H, Zhou C, Long X, Guan R, Yang N, Zhang Y. Real-world outcomes of various regimens of recombinant human endostatin combined with chemotherapy in non-driver gene mutation advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1434-1441. [PMID: 30762300 PMCID: PMC6488207 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This real-world study is conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human endostatin (rh-endostatin) combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for non-driver genes mutation non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and establish evidence-based optimal regimen for rh-endostatin. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using propensity score matching (cut-off: 0.01), 88 patients were eligible for our study, 34 of which received platinum-based chemotherapy alone (chemotherapy group), 54 patients received platinum-based chemotherapy plus rh-endostatin (rh-endostatin group). Among those 54 patients in the rh-endostatin group, 27 patients received rh-endostatin administered at 7.5 mg/m2 from day 1 to day 14 (rh-endostatin 14d group), and the other 27 patients were administered at 15 mg/m2 from day 1 to day 7 (rh-endostatin 7d group). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety. RESULTS There were no differences in clinic characteristics among 3 groups. Compared with chemotherapy group, rh-endostatin group improved PFS and OS significantly. The median PFS was 6 months vs 4.5 months (P = 0.047), and median OS was 20 months vs 10 months (P < 0.001). The ORR was 33.3% vs 20.6% (P = 0.197) and DCR was 83.3% vs 64.7% (P = 0.046) in the rh-endostatin group and chemotherapy group, respectively. The comparisons between the rh-endostatin 7d and 14d groups revealed a significant improvement in PFS for the rh-endostatin 7d group (P = 0.044), but no significant differences in OS (P = 0.111), ORR (P = 0.074), or DCR (P = 0.234). The incidences of grade 3 and 4 adverse events were similar among 3 groups. CONCLUSION Chemotherapy combined with rh-endostatin was more effective than chemotherapy alone for non-driver gene mutation NSCLC patients. The administration of rh-endostatin for 7 days at 15 mg/m2 was non-inferior to 14 days at 7.5 mg/m2 in prolonging patients' PFS. Further evaluation should be conducted before its application in clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtai Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal UnitHunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Graduate SchoolsUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunanChina
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal UnitHunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Graduate SchoolsUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunanChina
| | - Chunhua Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal UnitHunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaoyan Long
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal UnitHunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Rui Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal UnitHunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal UnitHunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yongchang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal UnitHunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
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Gao S, Yang D, Fang Y, Lin X, Jin X, Wang Q, Wang X, Ke L, Shi K. Engineering Nanoparticles for Targeted Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy. Theranostics 2019; 9:126-151. [PMID: 30662558 PMCID: PMC6332787 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the fast-paced growth and cross-infiltration of oncology, immunology and molecular biology, tumor immunotherapy technology represented by immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has lately made remarkable advancements. In comparison with traditional chemotherapy, immunotherapy has the potential to elicit a stronger sustained antitumor immune response in those patients who have advanced malignant malignancies. In spite of the advancements made, a significant number of clinical research works have validated that an extensive proportion of cancer patients still manifest insensitivity to immunotherapy, primarily because of the immunomodulatory interactions between tumor cells and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), together mediating the immune tolerance of tumors and accordingly impacting the positive response to immunotherapy. The intricate immunosuppressive networks formed by stromal cells, inflammatory cells, vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), and their secreted cytokines in the TME, play a pivotal role in tumor immune escape. Specific blocking of inhibition pathways in the TME is expected to effectively prevent immune escape and tolerance of tumor cells in addition to their metastasis, accordingly improving the antitumor immune response at various phases of tumor growth. Emerging nanoscale targeted drug carriers truly suit this specific requirement due to their specificity, biocompatibility, and convenience of production. This review emphasizes recent attempts to remodel the tumor immune microenvironment using novel nanoparticles, which include specifically eliminating immunosuppressive cells, reprogramming immune regulatory cells, promoting inflammatory cytokines and blocking immune checkpoints. Targeted remodeling of the immunosuppressive TME using well-designed and fabricated nanoparticles provides a promising strategy for improving the effectiveness of current immunotherapy and is greatly significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Sztandera
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Gorzkiewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Klajnert-Maculewicz
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, 6 Hohe St., 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Pan JH, Zhu S, Huang J, Liang J, Zhang D, Zhao X, Ding H, Qin L, Shi C, Luo L, Pan Y. Monitoring the Process of Endostar-Induced Tumor Vascular Normalization by Non-contrast Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted MRI. Front Oncol 2018; 8:524. [PMID: 30483478 PMCID: PMC6243029 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor vascular normalization has been proposed as a new concept in anti-tumor angiogenesis, and the normalization window is considered as an opportunity to increase the effect of chemoradiotherapy. However, there is still a lack of a non-invasive method for monitoring the process of tumor vascular normalization. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (IVIM DW-MRI) is an emerging approach which can effectively assess microperfusion in tumors, without the need for exogenous contrast agents. However, its role in monitoring tumor vascular normalization still needs further study. In this study, we established a tumor vascular normalization model of CT26 colon-carcinoma-bearing mice by means of Endostar treatment. We then employed IVIM DW-MRI and immunofluorescence to detect the process of tumor vascular normalization at different times after treatment. We found that the D* values of the Endostar group were significantly higher than those of the control group on days 4, 6, 8, and 10 after treatment, and the f values of the Endostar group were significantly higher than those of the control group on days 6 and 8. Furthermore, we confirmed through analysis of histologic parameters that Endostar treatment induced the CT26 tumor vascular normalization window starting from day 4 after treatment, and this window lasted for 6 days. Moreover, we found that D* and f values were well correlated with pericyte coverage (r = 0.469 and 0.504, respectively; P < 0.001, both) and relative perfusion (r = 0.424 and 0.457, respectively; P < 0.001, both). Taken together, our findings suggest that IVIM DW-MRI has the potential to serve as a non-invasive approach for monitoring Endostar-induced tumor vascular normalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Pan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengbin Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlian Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianye Liang
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changzheng Shi
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangping Luo
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Pan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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50
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Zhao X, Pan J, Li W, Yang W, Qin L, Pan Y. Gold nanoparticles enhance cisplatin delivery and potentiate chemotherapy by decompressing colorectal cancer vessels. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6207-6221. [PMID: 30349245 PMCID: PMC6188185 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s176928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor vessels were persistently compressed by solid stress from tumor interstitial matrix, resulting in limited vessel perfusion and oxygen concentrations. Collagen within matrix participated in transmitting the solid stress to tumor vessels and limiting drug delivery. Purpose The objective of this study was to identify whether gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were able to decompress colorectal cancer vessels and enhance vessel perfusion as well as drug delivery in colorectal cancer. Methods Colorectal cancer xenograft mice were treated with AuNPs or normal saline for 14 days. The cancer stromal collagen I level, cancer vessel perfusion, hypoxia of tumor were tested by histological examination. We also test the solid stress in the two groups. Furtherly, the effect and the drug delivery of combined using AuNPs and cisplatin were tested. The effect and the underlying mechanism of AuNPs on SW620 cells were tested by CCK8, flow cytometry, Western-blot and atomic force microscope. Results AuNPs were able to decrease the density of colorectal cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), to reduce the production of tumor stromal collagen I, and to diminish the expression of profibrotic signals, including CTGF, TGF-β1 as well as VEGF in vivo and vitro via Akt signaling pathway. Consequently, AuNPs could alleviate solid stress in tumors, subsequently leading to enhanced vessel perfusion. Therefore, cisplatin as well as oxygen delivery to tumors were improved by AuNPs, which reduced hypoxia while sensitizing therapy of cisplatin in colorectal cancer model. Conclusion AuNPs were effective agents in enhancing cisplatin delivery and potentiating inhibiting tumor growth by decompressing colorectal cancer vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China,
| | - Jinghua Pan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China,
| | - Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China,
| | - Wende Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China,
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yunlong Pan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China,
| |
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