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Erdem I, Aktas S, Ogut S. Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone Ameliorates Experimental Colitis via Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidative, and Antiapoptosis Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38961631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC) is a citrus-originated, seminatural sweetener. There is no investigation concerning the effect of NHDC on ulcerative colitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic and protective effects of NHDC in Wistar Albino rats. NHDC was given for 7 days after or before colitis induction. The results showed that NHDC significantly reduced the interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels. Catalase levels did not show a significant difference between the groups. NHDC provided a remarkable decrease in the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were significantly elevated in NHDC treatment groups, while total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were significantly decreased. NHDC provided remarkable improvement in histological symptoms such as epithelial erosion, edema, mucosal necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hemorrhage. Also, caspase-3 expression levels were statistically decreased in NHDC treatment groups. The results indicated that NHDC might be a protection or alternative treatment for ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilayda Erdem
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Turkey
| | - Serdar Aktas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Turkey
| | - Serdal Ogut
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09010, Turkey
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2
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Ibragimova M, Kussainova A, Aripova A, Bersimbaev R, Bulgakova O. The Molecular Mechanisms in Senescent Cells Induced by Natural Aging and Ionizing Radiation. Cells 2024; 13:550. [PMID: 38534394 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the relationship between cellular senescence and radiation exposure. Given the wide range of ionizing radiation sources encountered by people in professional and medical spheres, as well as the influence of natural background radiation, the question of the effect of radiation on biological processes, particularly on aging processes, remains highly relevant. The parallel relationship between natural and radiation-induced cellular senescence reveals the common aspects underlying these processes. Based on recent scientific data, the key points of the effects of ionizing radiation on cellular processes associated with aging, such as genome instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, altered expression of miRNAs, epigenetic profile, and manifestation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), are discussed. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of cellular senescence can make a valuable contribution to the understanding of the molecular genetic basis of age-associated diseases in the context of environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milana Ibragimova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Assiya Kussainova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Akmaral Aripova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Rakhmetkazhi Bersimbaev
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
| | - Olga Bulgakova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan
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3
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Bartman S, Coppotelli G, Ross JM. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Key Player in Brain Aging and Diseases. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1987-2026. [PMID: 38534746 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are thought to have become incorporated within the eukaryotic cell approximately 2 billion years ago and play a role in a variety of cellular processes, such as energy production, calcium buffering and homeostasis, steroid synthesis, cell growth, and apoptosis, as well as inflammation and ROS production. Considering that mitochondria are involved in a multitude of cellular processes, mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to play a role within several age-related diseases, including cancers, diabetes (type 2), and neurodegenerative diseases, although the underlying mechanisms are not entirely understood. The significant increase in lifespan and increased incidence of age-related diseases over recent decades has confirmed the necessity to understand the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction impacts the process of aging and age-related diseases. In this review, we will offer a brief overview of mitochondria, along with structure and function of this important organelle. We will then discuss the cause and consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction in the aging process, with a particular focus on its role in inflammation, cognitive decline, and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. We will offer insight into therapies and interventions currently used to preserve or restore mitochondrial functioning during aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Bartman
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Giuseppe Coppotelli
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Jaime M Ross
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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Goriuc A, Cojocaru KA, Luchian I, Ursu RG, Butnaru O, Foia L. Using 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxiguanosine (8-OHdG) as a Reliable Biomarker for Assessing Periodontal Disease Associated with Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1425. [PMID: 38338704 PMCID: PMC10855048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research has shown that oxidative stress plays a significant role in chronic inflammatory conditions. The alteration of the oxidant/antioxidant balance leads to the appearance of free radicals, important molecules involved in both diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease. Diabetes is considered to be one of the major risk factors of periodontal disease and the inflammation characterizing this condition is associated with oxidative stress, implicitly resulting in oxidative damage to DNA. 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is the most common stable product of oxidative DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species, and its levels have been reported to increase in body fluids and tissues during inflammatory conditions. 8-OHdG emerges as a pivotal biomarker for assessing oxidative DNA damage, demonstrating its relevance across diverse health conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancers, inflammatory conditions, and periodontal disease. Continued research in this field is crucial for developing more precise treatments and understanding the detailed link between oxidative stress and the progression of periodontitis. The use of the 8-OHdG biomarker in assessing and managing chronic periodontitis is an area of increased interest in dental research, with the potential to provide crucial information for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancuta Goriuc
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.G.); (K.-A.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Karina-Alexandra Cojocaru
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.G.); (K.-A.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Ionut Luchian
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ramona-Garbriela Ursu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity (IX)—Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Butnaru
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Liliana Foia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.G.); (K.-A.C.); (L.F.)
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Orfanakos K, Alifieris CE, Verigos EK, Deligiorgi MV, Verigos KE, Panayiotidis MI, Nikolaou M, Trafalis DT. The Predictive Value of 8-Hydroxy-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) Serum Concentrations in Irradiated Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) Patients. Biomedicines 2024; 12:134. [PMID: 38255239 PMCID: PMC10813052 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation is strongly linked to direct or indirect DNA damage, as with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn produce DNA damage products, such as 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). In this study, we aimed to investigate the formation of 8-OHdG after irradiation in patients with non-small cell cancer (NSCLC) and its use as a biomarker. Sixteen patients with squamous and thirty-six patients with non-squamous pathology were included. An enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed before and after radiation. A dose-dependent relationship was confirmed: 8-OHdG plasma concentrations, increased in the total of NSCLC patients and specifically with a linear correlation in non-squamous pathology; in squamous histology, after an initial increase, a significant decrease followed after 20 Gy dose of irradiation. The pretreatment total irradiated tumor volume (cm3) was positively correlated with 8-OHdG levels in patients with squamous histology. When plotting the 8-OHdG plasma concentration at a 10 Gy irradiation dose to the baseline, the AUC was 0.873 (95% CI 0.614-0.984), p < 0.0001, with an associated criterion value of >1378 as a cutoff (sensitivity 72.7%, specificity 100%). When normalizing this ratio to BSA, the associated criterion cutoff value was >708 (sensitivity of 100%, specificity 80%). Lastly, 8-OHdG levels were closely related with the development of radiation-induced toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriakos Orfanakos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.O.); (M.V.D.); (K.E.V.); (D.T.T.)
- Department of Radiation Therapy, 401 General Military Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos E. Alifieris
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.O.); (M.V.D.); (K.E.V.); (D.T.T.)
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, D04 T6F4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emmanouil K. Verigos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, General Anticancer Oncology Hospital of Athens “O Agios Savvas”, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria V. Deligiorgi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.O.); (M.V.D.); (K.E.V.); (D.T.T.)
| | - Kosmas E. Verigos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.O.); (M.V.D.); (K.E.V.); (D.T.T.)
- Department of Radiation Therapy, 401 General Military Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Michail Nikolaou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.O.); (M.V.D.); (K.E.V.); (D.T.T.)
| | - Dimitrios T. Trafalis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (K.O.); (M.V.D.); (K.E.V.); (D.T.T.)
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Prajapati RK, Joshi J, Karthikeyan S, Inder MPS. Comparative evaluation of salivary, serum and urinary 8-OHdG in gutka-associated oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2024; 28:37-41. [PMID: 38800434 PMCID: PMC11126255 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_442_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gutka chewing is the most common deleterious oral habit prevalent in the geographical distribution of the Indian subcontinent. Gutka leads to the production of numerous free radicals, which causes oxidative stress in regional oral tissues. Oxidative stress brings about the oxidation of guanine bases of DNA that generates 8-OHdG as its main byproduct. The presence of 8-OHdG can be evaluated not only in tissue but also in saliva, blood and urine. The availability of 8-OHdG in these samples is quite documented. In addition, a comparative assay of 8-ohdg DNA damage marker in multiple samples is yet to be done. Material and Methodology A sample size of 60 was divided into two groups, i.e., gutka consumers without any lesion and gutka consumers with OSMF. Ten samples each of saliva, serum and urine were collected from these two groups and healthy controls. Samples were centrifuged at 1000 RPM at 2-8°C for 15-20 minutes. A volume of 1.5 ml resultant supernatant was pipetted out in labelled Eppendorf tubes and stored at -80°C. The ELISA test was performed to measure the concentration of 8-OHdG protein in different samples at 450 nm after adding stop solution in 96-well microplate. Results 8-OHdG concentration was found to be highest in saliva followed by urine and serum. 8-OHdG concentration in serum was significantly less than that in saliva and urine (P-value <0.05). Intergroup difference in concentration of 8-OHdG of urine, saliva and serum was significant (P-value <0.05). Post hoc analysis revealed that concentration of 8-OHdG in saliva and urine was non-significantly different (P-value >0.05). Conclusion Saliva appears to be the most appropriate sample type as compared to serum and urine for the evaluation of 8-OHdG in OSMF subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K. Prajapati
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jaya Joshi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S Karthikeyan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Muzalda P. S. Inder
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Vimal J, George NA, Kumar RR, Kattoor J, Kannan S. Identification of salivary metabolic biomarker signatures for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 155:105780. [PMID: 37586141 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the salivary metabolites associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue to develop easy and non-invasive potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. DESIGN Initially, the study utilized untargeted metabolomics to analyze 20 samples of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and 10 control samples. The objective was to determine the salivary metabolites that exhibited differential expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Then the selected metabolites were validated using targeted metabolomics in saliva samples of 100 patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, as well as 30 healthy control individuals. RESULTS From the analysis of untargeted metabolomics, 10 metabolites were selected as potential biomarkers. In the subsequent targeted metabolomics study on these selected metabolites, it was observed that N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-Pipecolic acid, L-Carnitine, Phosphorylcholine, and Deoxyguanosine exhibited significant differences. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicates a combination of three important metabolites such as N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-Pipecolic acid and L-Carnitine provided the best prediction with an area under the curve of 0.901. CONCLUSIONS The present result reveals that the N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-Pipecolic acid and L-Carnitine are the signature diagnostic biomarkers for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. These findings can be used to develop a rapid and non-invasive method for disease monitoring and prognosis in oral tongue cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Vimal
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Nebu A George
- Division of Surgical Oncology (Head and Neck Clinic), Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - R Rejnish Kumar
- Division of Radiation Oncology (Head and Neck Clinic), Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Jayasree Kattoor
- Division of Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - S Kannan
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, India.
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Hu R, Li X, Zhou X, Ding S. Development and validation of a competitive risk model in patients with rectal cancer: based on SEER database. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:362. [PMID: 37735712 PMCID: PMC10515244 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies. To predict the specific mortality risk of rectal cancer patients, we constructed a predictive nomogram based on a competing risk model. METHODS The information on rectal cancer patients was extracted from the SEER database. Traditional survival analysis and specific death analysis were performed separately on the data. RESULTS The present study included 23,680 patients, with 16,580 in the training set and 7100 in the validation set. The specific mortality rate calculated by the competing risk model was lower than that of the traditional survival analysis. Age, Marriage, Race, Sex, ICD-O-3Hist/Behav, Grade, AJCC stage, T stage, N stage, Surgery, Examined LN, RX SUMM-SURG OTH, Chemotherapy, CEA, Deposits, Regional nodes positive, Brain, Bone, Liver, Lung, Tumor size, and Malignant were independent influencing factors of specific death. The overall C statistic of the model in the training set was 0.821 (Se = 0.001), and the areas under the ROC curve for cancer-specific survival (CSS) at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.842, 0.830, and 0.812, respectively. The overall C statistic of the model in the validation set was 0.829 (Se = 0.002), and the areas under the ROC curve for CSS at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.851, 0.836, and 0.813, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The predictive nomogram based on a competing risk model for time-specific mortality in patients with rectal cancer has very desirable accuracy. Thus, the application of the predictive nomogram in clinical practice can help physicians make clinical decisions and follow-up strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhou
- Department of Infection Disease, Shanghai Jinshan District Tinglin Hospital, Shanghai, 201505, China
| | - Songze Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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Artymowicz M, Struck-Lewicka W, Wiczling P, Markuszewski M, Markuszewski MJ, Siluk D. Targeted quantitative metabolomics with a linear mixed-effect model for analysis of urinary nucleosides and deoxynucleosides from bladder cancer patients before and after tumor resection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:5511-5528. [PMID: 37460824 PMCID: PMC10444683 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04826-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we developed and validated a fast, simple, and sensitive quantitative method for the simultaneous determination of eleven nucleosides and deoxynucleosides from urine samples. The analyses were performed with the use of liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The sample pretreatment procedure was limited to centrifugation, vortex mixing of urine samples with a methanol/water solution (1:1, v/v), evaporation and dissolution steps. The analysis lasted 20 min and was performed in dynamic multiple reaction monitoring mode (dMRM) in positive polarity. Process validation was conducted to determine the linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of quantification, stability, recovery and matrix effect. All validation procedures were carried out in accordance with current FDA and EMA regulations. The validated method was applied for the analysis of 133 urine samples derived from bladder cancer patients before tumor resection and 24 h, 2 weeks, and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the surgery. The obtained data sets were analyzed using a linear mixed-effect model. The analysis revealed that concentration level of 2-methylthioadenosine was decreased, while for inosine, it was increased 24 h after tumor resection in comparison to the preoperative state. The presented quantitative longitudinal study of urine nucleosides and deoxynucleosides before and up to 12 months after bladder tumor resection brings additional prospective insight into the metabolite excretion pattern in bladder cancer disease. Moreover, incurred sample reanalysis was performed proving the robustness and repeatability of the developed targeted method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Artymowicz
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Struck-Lewicka
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł Wiczling
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marcin Markuszewski
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał J Markuszewski
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Danuta Siluk
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Aleja Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Buczyńska A, Sidorkiewicz I, Kościuszko M, Adamska A, Siewko K, Dzięcioł J, Szumowski P, Myśliwiec J, Szelachowska M, Popławska-Kita A, Krętowski A. Clinical significance of oxidative stress markers as angioinvasion and metastasis indicators in papillary thyroid cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13711. [PMID: 37608150 PMCID: PMC10444813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Angioinvasion remains the important prognostic feature in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients. Literature data indicates several markers that may be associated with oxidative stress and/or angioinvasion. Therefore, we assessed the utility of selected parameters in angioinvasion and metastasis screening in serum of PTC patients. Serum antioxidant capacity (TAC) and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) levels were decreased (all p < 0.05) and both DNA/RNA oxidative stress damage products (DNA/RNA OSDP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased in PTC patients with angioinvasion and metastasis (study group) when compared with PTC patients without these features (all p < 0.01). The highest screening utility in differentiation between angioinvasion and metastasis presence and absence in PTC patients was presented for DNA/RNA OSDP (AUC = 0.71), SIRT3 (AUC = 0.70), and TAC (AUC = 0.67) (all p < 0.05). Our study suggests that peripheral concentration of oxidative stress markers could be useful as angioinvasion and metastasis indicator in PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Buczyńska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- Clinical Research Support Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Maria Kościuszko
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Adamska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siewko
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Janusz Dzięcioł
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Szumowski
- Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Janusz Myśliwiec
- Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szelachowska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Popławska-Kita
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Adam Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
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Joha Z, Öztürk A, Yulak F, Karataş Ö, Ataseven H. Mechanism of anticancer effect of gambogic acid on gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. Med Oncol 2023; 40:269. [PMID: 37587317 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02149-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Gambogic acid has demonstrated inhibitory effects on the growth of various cancer cell types, such as breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and osteosarcoma. This study aims to investigate the antiproliferative activity of Gambogic acid on SNU-16 cells derived from gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The cytotoxic effect of gambogic acid was evaluated in SNU-16 cells by treating them with different concentrations of the compound, and the XTT cell viability assay was employed to assess cell viability. ELISA was used to measure bax, BCL-2, caspase 3, PARP, and 8-oxo-dG levels. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining was applied to assess 8-oxo-dG and LC3β levels in SNU-16 cells. It was observed that gambogic acid exerted a dose-dependent and statistically significant antiproliferative effect on SNU-16 cells. The IC50 value of gambogic acid in SNU-16 cells was found to be 655.1 nM for 24 h. Subsequent investigations conducted using the IC50 dose revealed a significant upregulation of apoptotic proteins including cleaved caspase 3, Bax, and cleaved PARP (p < 0.001), along with a downregulation of BCL-2 (p < 0.001), an anti-apoptotic protein. Moreover, the administration of this drug led to an upregulation of 8-oxo-dG (p < 0.001), a widely acknowledged biomarker indicating oxidative damage in DNA, as well as an increase in LC3β levels (p < 0.05), a marker associated with autophagy. The antiproliferative effect of gambogic acid against gastric signet ring cell carcinoma is attributed to its ability to induce apoptosis and autophagy. This discovery highlights the promising potential of gambogic acid as a treatment option for gastric signet ring cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Joha
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Ayşegül Öztürk
- Departments of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Fatih Yulak
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Özhan Karataş
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Hilmi Ataseven
- Departments of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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12
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Brezovec N, Perdan-Pirkmajer K, Burja B, Rotar Ž, Osredkar J, Sodin-Šemrl S, Lakota K, Čučnik S. Disturbed Antioxidant Capacity in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis Associates with Lung and Gastrointestinal Symptoms. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2110. [PMID: 37626607 PMCID: PMC10452464 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The correct balance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in an organism is disturbed in oxidative stress. To assess oxidative balance in 36 SSc patients and 26 healthy controls (HCs), we measured reactive oxidative metabolites (ROMs), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (measuring 4-HNE), and DNA oxidative damage (measuring 8-OHdG) in serum. Furthermore, DNA breaks in leukocytes of 35 SSc patients and 32 HCs were evaluated using COMET. While we report high ROMs for both SSc patients and age/sex matched HC samples, there was a significant increase in TAC in SSc patients as compared to HCs, and thus also a significantly higher oxidative stress index in SSc patients. TAC was significantly higher in SSc patients with ILD and gastrointestinal involvement, as well as in patients with anti-topoisomerase antibodies. We observe no difference in serum lipid peroxidation status or oxidative DNA damage. However, SSc patients had significantly more leukocyte DNA breaks than HCs; the most damage was observed in patients treated with immunosuppressives. Thus, our study confirms presence of oxidative stress and increased DNA damage in leukocytes of SSc patients; however, it points toward increased antioxidant capacity, which needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neža Brezovec
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
| | - Katja Perdan-Pirkmajer
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Blaž Burja
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
| | - Žiga Rotar
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Joško Osredkar
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Snežna Sodin-Šemrl
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Katja Lakota
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Saša Čučnik
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.P.-P.); (B.B.); (Ž.R.); (S.S.-Š.); (K.L.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Zheng W, Wang M, Chai X, Pan F, Xu M, Wang Y, Lan L, Hu F, Zhang Z, Chen Z. Targeted metabolomics analysis of nucleosides and the identification of biomarkers for colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1163089. [PMID: 37441164 PMCID: PMC10334214 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1163089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been increasing in recent years, and early detection of CRC can improve the survival rate of patients. RNA methylation plays crucial roles in many biological processes and has been implicated in the initiation of various diseases, including cancer. Serum contains a variety of biomolecules and is an important clinical sample for biomarker discovery. In this study, we developed a targeted metabolomics method for the quantitative analysis of nucleosides in human serum samples by using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We successfully quantified the concentrations of nucleosides in serum samples from 51 healthy controls, 37 patients with colorectal adenomas, and 55 patients with CRC. The results showed that the concentrations of N 6-methyladenosine (m6A), N 1-methyladenosine (m1A), and 3-methyluridine (m3U) were increased in patients with CRC, whereas the concentrations of N 2-methylguanosine (m2G), 2'-O-methyluridine (Um), and 2'-O-methylguanosine (Gm) were decreased in patients with CRC, compared with the healthy controls and patients with colorectal adenomas. Moreover, the levels of 2'-O-methyluridine and 2'-O-methylguanosine were lower in patients with colorectal adenomas than those in healthy controls. Interestingly, the levels of Um and Gm gradually decreased in the following order: healthy controls to colorectal adenoma patients to CRC patients. These results revealed that the aberrations of these nucleosides were tightly correlated to colorectal adenomas and CRC. In addition, the present work will stimulate future investigations about the regulatory roles of these nucleosides in the initiation and development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifang Zheng
- Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Mingwei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Fuzhen Pan
- Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Meihui Xu
- Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Yingchen Wang
- Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | | | - Feiran Hu
- Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Lanxi Red Cross Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Lanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua, China
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14
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Jordaens S, Zwaenepoel K, Tjalma W, Deben C, Beyers K, Vankerckhoven V, Pauwels P, Vorsters A. Urine biomarkers in cancer detection: A systematic review of preanalytical parameters and applied methods. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:2186-2205. [PMID: 36647333 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to explore the status of urine sampling as a liquid biopsy for noninvasive cancer research by reviewing used preanalytical parameters and protocols. We searched two main health sciences databases, PubMed and Web of Science. From all eligible publications (2010-2022), information was extracted regarding: (a) study population characteristics, (b) cancer type, (c) urine preanalytics, (d) analyte class, (e) isolation method, (f) detection method, (g) comparator used, (h) biomarker type, (i) conclusion and (j) sensitivity and specificity. The search query identified 7835 records, of which 924 unique publications remained after screening the title, abstract and full text. Our analysis demonstrated that many publications did not report information about the preanalytical parameters of their urine samples, even though several other studies have shown the importance of standardization of sample handling. Interestingly, it was noted that urine is used for many cancer types and not just cancers originating from the urogenital tract. Many different types of relevant analytes have been shown to be found in urine. Additionally, future considerations and recommendations are discussed: (a) the heterogeneous nature of urine, (b) the need for standardized practice protocols and (c) the road toward the clinic. Urine is an emerging liquid biopsy with broad applicability in different analytes and several cancer types. However, standard practice protocols for sample handling and processing would help to elaborate the clinical utility of urine in cancer research, detection and disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Jordaens
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Novosanis NV, Wijnegem, Belgium
| | - Karen Zwaenepoel
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Edegem, Belgium
| | - Wiebren Tjalma
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Multidisciplinary Breast Clinic, Gynecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Edegem, Belgium
| | - Christophe Deben
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Vanessa Vankerckhoven
- Novosanis NV, Wijnegem, Belgium.,Center for Evaluation of Vaccination (CEV), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Patrick Pauwels
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Edegem, Belgium
| | - Alex Vorsters
- Center for Evaluation of Vaccination (CEV), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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15
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Maszka P, Kwasniak-Butowska M, Cysewski D, Slawek J, Smolenski RT, Tomczyk M. Metabolomic Footprint of Disrupted Energetics and Amino Acid Metabolism in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Perspectives for Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Therapy. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030369. [PMID: 36984809 PMCID: PMC10057046 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is increasing due to the aging population and improved longevity. They are characterized by a range of pathological hallmarks, including protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. The aim of this review is to summarize the alterations in brain energy and amino acid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD). Based on our findings, we proposed a group of selected metabolites related to disturbed energy or mitochondrial metabolism as potential indicators or predictors of disease. We also discussed the hidden challenges of metabolomics studies in NDs and proposed future directions in this field. We concluded that biochemical parameters of brain energy metabolism disruption (obtained with metabolomics) may have potential application as a diagnostic tool for the diagnosis, prediction, and monitoring of the effectiveness of therapies for NDs. However, more studies are needed to determine the sensitivity of the proposed candidates. We suggested that the most valuable biomarkers for NDs studies could be groups of metabolites combined with other neuroimaging or molecular techniques. To attain clinically applicable results, the integration of metabolomics with other “omic” techniques might be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Maszka
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kwasniak-Butowska
- Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Neurology, St. Adalbert Hospital, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dominik Cysewski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Slawek
- Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Neurology, St. Adalbert Hospital, 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ryszard T. Smolenski
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: (R.T.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Marta Tomczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: (R.T.S.); (M.T.)
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16
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Guan X, Li M, Bai Y, Feng Y, Li G, Wei W, Fu M, Li H, Wang C, Jie J, Meng H, Wu X, Deng Q, Li F, Yang H, Zhang X, He M, Guo H. Associations of mitochondrial DNA copy number with incident risks of gastrointestinal cancers: A prospective case-cohort study. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:224-235. [PMID: 36250641 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological investigations implied that mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) variations could trigger predisposition to multiple cancers, but evidence regarding gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) was still uncertain. We conducted a case-cohort study within the prospective Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, including incident cases of colorectal cancer (CRC, n = 278), gastric cancer (GC, n = 138), and esophageal cancer (EC, n = 72) as well as a random subcohort (n = 1173), who were followed up from baseline to the end of 2018. We determined baseline blood mtDNAcn and associations of mtDNAcn with the GICs risks were estimated by using weighted Cox proportional hazards models. Significant U-shaped associations were observed between mtDNAcn and GICs risks. Compared to subjects within the second quartile (Q2) mtDNAcn subgroup, those within the 1st (Q1), 3rd (Q3), and 4th (Q4) quartile subgroups showed increased risks of CRC (hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval, CI] = 2.27 [1.47-3.52], 1.65 [1.04-2.62], and 2.81 [1.85-4.28], respectively) and total GICs (HR [95%CI] = 1.84 [1.30-2.60], 1.47 [1.03-2.10], and 2.51 [1.82-3.47], respectively], and those within Q4 subgroup presented elevated GC and EC risks (HR [95% CI] = 2.16 [1.31-3.54] and 2.38 [1.13-5.02], respectively). Similar associations of mtDNAcn with CRC and total GICs risks remained in stratified analyzes by age, gender, smoking, and drinking status. This prospective case-cohort study showed U-shaped associations between mtDNAcn and GICs risks, but further research works are needed to uncover underlying biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengying Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yansen Bai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guyanan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Fu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Jie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Meng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiulong Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qilin Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangqing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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17
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Guo J, Pan Y, Chen J, Jin P, Tang S, Wang H, Su H, Wang Q, Chen C, Xiong F, Liu K, Li Y, Su M, Tang T, He Y, Sheng J. Serum metabolite signatures in normal individuals and patients with colorectal adenoma or colorectal cancer using UPLC-MS/MS method. J Proteomics 2023; 270:104741. [PMID: 36174955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Sporadic CRC develops from normal mucosa via adenoma to adenocarcinoma, which provides a long screening window for clinical detection. However, early diagnosis of sporadic colorectal adenoma (CRA) and CRC using serum metabolic screening remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify some promising signatures for distinguishing the different pathological metabolites of colorectal mucosal malignant transformation. A total of 238 endogenous metabolites were elected. We found that CRA and CRC patients had 72 and 73 different metabolites compared with healthy controls, respectively. There were 20 different metabolites between CRA and CRC patients. The potential metabolites of tumor growth (including patients with CRA and CRC) were found, such as A-d-glucose, D-mannose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-cystine, Sarcosine, TXB 2, 12-Hete, and chenodeoxycholic acid. Compared with CRA, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid was significantly higher in CRC patients. There results prompt us to use the potential serum signatures to screen CRC as the novel strategy. Serum metabolite screening is useful for early detection of mucosal intestinal malignancy. We will further investigate the roles of these promising biomarkers during intestinal tumorigenesis in future. SIGNIFICANCE: CRC is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Sporadic CRC develops from normal mucosa via adenomas to adenocarcinoma, which provides a long screening window for about 5-10 years. We adopt the metabolic analysis of extensive targeted metabolic technology. The main purpose of the metabolic group analysis is to detect and screen the different metabolites, thereby performing related functional prediction and analysis of the differential metabolites. In our study, 30 samples are selected, divided into 3 groups for metabolic analysis, and 238 metabolites are elected. In 238 metabolites, we find that CRA patients have 72 different metabolites compared with health control. Compared with health control, CRC have 73 different metabolites. Compared with CRA and CRC patients, there are 20 different metabolites. The annotation results of the significantly different metabolites are classified according to the KEGG pathway type. The potential metabolites of tumor growth stage (including patients with CRA and CRC) are found, such as A-d-glucose, D-mannose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-cystine, sarcosine, TXB 2, 12-Hete and chenodeoxycholic acid. Compared with CRA patients, CRC patients had significantly higher 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid level. It is prompted to use serum different metabolites to screen CRC to provide new possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachi Guo
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuanming Pan
- Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, No. 9 Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Jigui Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery Wuhan, No. 8 Hospital. No. 1307 Zhongshan Avenue, Jiang'an District, Hankou, Wuhan City, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Haihong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hui Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery Wuhan, No. 8 Hospital. No. 1307 Zhongshan Avenue, Jiang'an District, Hankou, Wuhan City, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery Wuhan, No. 8 Hospital. No. 1307 Zhongshan Avenue, Jiang'an District, Hankou, Wuhan City, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery Wuhan, No. 8 Hospital. No. 1307 Zhongshan Avenue, Jiang'an District, Hankou, Wuhan City, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Kejia Liu
- DHC Mediway Technology Co., Ltd., 14F, Zijin Digital Park, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yansheng Li
- DHC Mediway Technology Co., Ltd., 14F, Zijin Digital Park, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mingliang Su
- DHC Mediway Technology Co., Ltd., 14F, Zijin Digital Park, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tang Tang
- Wuhan Metwell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Building B7/B8, Biological Industry Innovation Base, 666 Gaoxin Avenue, Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei 430075, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 253 Middle Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou City, Guangdong 510280, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, No. 9 Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing 101149, China.
| | - Jianqiu Sheng
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 5 Nanmencang, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, China.
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18
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Rebuli ME, Rose JJ, Noël A, Croft DP, Benowitz NL, Cohen AH, Goniewicz ML, Larsen BT, Leigh N, McGraw MD, Melzer AC, Penn AL, Rahman I, Upson D, Crotty Alexander LE, Ewart G, Jaspers I, Jordt SE, Kligerman S, Loughlin CE, McConnell R, Neptune ER, Nguyen TB, Pinkerton KE, Witek TJ. The E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury Epidemic: Pathogenesis, Management, and Future Directions: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:1-17. [PMID: 36584985 PMCID: PMC9819258 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202209-796st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is a severe pulmonary illness associated with the use of e-cigarettes or vaping products that was officially identified and named in 2019. This American Thoracic Society workshop was convened in 2021 to identify and prioritize research and regulatory needs to adequately respond to the EVALI outbreak and to prevent similar instances of disease associated with e-cigarette or vaping product use. An interdisciplinary group of 26 experts in adult and pediatric clinical care, public health, regulatory oversight, and toxicology were convened for the workshop. Four major topics were examined: 1) the public health and regulatory response to EVALI; 2) EVALI clinical care; 3) mechanisms contributing to EVALI; and 4) needed actions to address the health effects of EVALI. Oral presentations and group discussion were the primary modes used to identify top priorities for addressing EVALI. Initiatives including a national EVALI case registry and biorepository, integrated electronic medical record coding system, U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulation and enforcement of nicotine e-cigarette standards, regulatory authority over nontobacco-derived e-cigarettes, training in evaluating exogenous exposures, prospective clinical studies, standardized clinical follow-up assessments, ability to more readily study effects of cannabinoid e-cigarettes, and research to identify biomarkers of exposure and disease were identified as critical needs. These initiatives will require substantial federal investment as well as changes to regulatory policy. Overall, the workshop identified the need to address the root causes of EVALI to prevent future outbreaks. An integrated approach from multiple perspectives is required, including public health; clinical, basic, and translational research; regulators; and users of e-cigarettes. Improving the public health response to reduce the risk of another substantial disease-inducing event depends on coordinated actions to better understand the inhalational toxicity of these products, informing the public of the risks, and developing and enforcing regulatory standards for all e-cigarettes.
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Ferah Okkay I, Okkay U, Bayram C, Cicek B, Sezen S, Aydin IC, Mendil AS, Hacimuftuoglu A. Bromelain protects against cisplatin-induced ocular toxicity through mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:69-76. [PMID: 34894956 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2011308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular, biochemical, and histopathological effects of bromelain, which has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, against cisplatin-induced ocular toxicity. The groups were designed as (1) Control, (2) Cisplatin (7 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), (3) Cisplatin + Bromelain (50 mg/kg, orally for 14 consecutive days), (4) Cisplatin + Bromelain (100 mg/kg, orally for 14 consecutive days). The activity of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-10, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and 8-OHdG were measured in ocular tissue. The mRNA expression of NF-κB and Caspase-3 was also evaluated. Also, ocular sections were evaluated histopathologically. Bromelain demonstrated a dose-dependent protective effect in cisplatin-induced toxicity by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue damage. Our results suggested that bromelain may be a potential adjuvant that can protect the eye from cisplatin-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Okkay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cemil Bayram
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Selma Sezen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cagri Aydin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ali Sefa Mendil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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20
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Hong X, Hu Y, Yuan Z, Fang Z, Zhang X, Yuan Y, Guo C. Oxidatively Damaged Nucleic Acid: Linking Diabetes and Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:1153-1167. [PMID: 35946074 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Our current knowledge of the mechanism between diabetes and cancer is limited. Oxidatively damaged nucleic acid is considered a critical factor to explore the connections between these two diseases. Recent Advances: The link between diabetes mellitus and cancer has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Emerging evidence supports that oxidatively damaged nucleic acid caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species generation and elimination is a bridge connecting diabetes and cancer. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine assume important roles as biomarkers in assessing the relationship between oxidatively damaged nucleic acid and cancer. Critical Issues: The consequences of diabetes are extensive and may lead to the occurrence of cancer by influencing a combination of factors. At present, there is no direct evidence that diabetes causes cancer by affecting a single factor. Furthermore, the difficulty in controlling variables and differences in detection methods lead to poor reliability and repeatability of results, and there are no clear cutoff values for biomarkers to indicate cancer risk. Future Directions: A better understanding of connections as well as mechanisms between diabetes and cancer is still needed. Both diabetes and cancer are currently intractable diseases. Further exploration of the specific mechanism of oxidatively damaged nucleic acid in the connection between diabetes and cancer is urgently needed. In the future, it is necessary to further take oxidatively damaged nucleic acid as an entry point to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and cancer. Experimental drugs targeting the repair process of oxidatively generated damage require an extensive preclinical evaluation and could ultimately provide new treatment strategies for these diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 1153-1167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Hong
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqiu Hu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Yuan
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Fang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Balzerano A, Gevi F, Nisi S, Rinalducci S, Lasagni M, Arisi I. Gene Expression Profiling as a New Real-Time Assay in Human Biomonitoring of Waste-to-Energy Plant Workers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03482-2. [PMID: 36394794 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03482-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals represents one of the most important risk factors for the health of incinerator workers. Indeed, heavy metals can determine increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this work, we introduced the use of transcription profiling of detoxifying genes, involved in redox balance and genome integrity, as a highly sensitive assay of heavy metal exposure and subsequent oxidative stress. For this purpose, blood mRNA levels of OGG1, ST13, NQO1 and MT1A genes, as well as urinary concentrations of nine heavy metals and the oxidized base 8-OHdG of 49 subjects (26 controls and 23 employees in the waste-to-energy plant of San Zeno, Arezzo, Italy) were determined. No significant difference between the two populations was observed, thus highlighting, as far as the biomarkers analysed are concerned, the absence of occupational exposure to heavy metals and systemic oxidative stress induction in the workers of the waste-to-energy plant of San Zeno. Correlation analyses underline a close association between heavy metals exposure and changes in expression levels of a number of genes, even at low exposure doses, thus remarking the greater capacity of detection of transcription profiling compared to other biomarkers and the importance of its introduction in future human biomonitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Balzerano
- Unit of Molecular Genetics of Aging, Department of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, 01100, Italy.
| | - Federica Gevi
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, 01100, Italy
| | - Stefano Nisi
- Gran Sasso National Laboratory, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, L'Aquila, 67100, Italy
| | - Sara Rinalducci
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, 01100, Italy
| | | | - Ivan Arisi
- Bioinformatics Facility, European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) "Rita Levi-Montalcini", Rome, 00161, Italy.
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, Rome, 00133, Italy.
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22
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Katerji M, Bertucci A, Filippov V, Vazquez M, Chen X, Duerksen-Hughes PJ. Proton-induced DNA damage promotes integration of foreign plasmid DNA into human genome. Front Oncol 2022; 12:928545. [PMID: 36119491 PMCID: PMC9478911 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.928545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause virtually all cervical cancer cases and are also associated with other types of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Normally, HPV exists as a circular episomal DNA in the infected cell. However, in some instances, it integrates into the human genome in such a way as to enable increased expression of viral oncogenes, thereby leading to carcinogenesis. Since viral integration requires breaks in both viral and human genomes, DNA damage likely plays a key role in this critical process. One potentially significant source of DNA damage is exposure to elevated doses of ionizing radiation. Natural background radiation is ubiquitous; however, some populations, including radiological workers, radiotherapy patients, and astronauts, are exposed to significantly higher radiation doses, as well as to different types of radiation such as particle radiation. We hypothesize that ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage facilitates the integration of HPV into the human genome, increasing the risk of developing HPV-related cancers in the exposed population. To test this, we first determined the kinetics of DNA damage in keratinocytes exposed to ionizing radiation (protons) by assessing γ-H2AX foci formation using immunofluorescence (direct damage), and also measured ROS and 8-oxoG levels via DCFDA and Avidin-FITC (indirect damage).As anticipated, direct DNA damage was observed promptly, within 30 min, whereas indirect DNA damage was delayed due to the time required for ROS to accumulate and cause oxidative damage. Although radiation was lethal at high doses, we were able to establish an experimental system where radiation exposure (protons and X-rays) induced DNA damage dose-dependently without causing major cytotoxic effects as assessed by several cytotoxicity assays. Most importantly, we explored the impact of radiation exposure on integration frequency using a clonogenic assay and demonstrated that as predicted, proton-induced DNA damage promotes the integration of HPV-like foreign DNA in oral keratinocytes. Overall, the insights gained from this work enable us to better understand the contribution of radiation exposure and DNA damage to HPV-mediated carcinogenesis and direct us toward strategies aimed at preventing malignancies in HPV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghri Katerji
- Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Antonella Bertucci
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Valery Filippov
- Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Marcelo Vazquez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
- Center for Genomics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Penelope J. Duerksen-Hughes
- Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Penelope J. Duerksen-Hughes,
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23
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Determination of adenosine and its modifications in urine and plasma from breast cancer patients by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1209:123428. [PMID: 36041348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
RNA modifications have been revealed to be essential in many biological activities, and their disorders are associated with various human diseases, including cancers. 2'-O-methyladenosine (Am), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) and N6,N6-dimethyladenosine (m62A) are important adenosine (A) modifications. The noninvasive collection of urine samples and the diverse contents of metabolites in plasma make them favored biofluids for biomarkers discovery. In this work, we established a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) method to quantify these six nucleosides in urine and plasma of healthy controls and breast cancer (BC) patients. The limit of detection (LOD) for A, Am, m1A, m6A, m6Am, and m62A were 0.0025, 0.01, 0.05, 0.005, 0.005, and 0.005 nM. The results showed that the concentrations of Am, m6A, and m6Am were increased, whereas m1A was decreased in the urine of BC patients compared with the healthy controls. We also found that the level ratios of m1A/A, m6A/A, and m6Am/A were all reduced in plasma from BC patients, compared with healthy controls. Interestingly, these ratios of methylated adenosine nucleosides to adenosine in plasma could better discriminate BC patients from healthy controls, compared to the levels of these nucleosides. The present study not only suggests these modified adenosines can act as noninvasive biomarkers of BC but also will contribute to investigating the impacts of RNA methylation on the occurrence and development of BC.
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24
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Dogan M. Assessment of mechanism involved in the apoptotic and anti-cancer activity of Quercetin and Quercetin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:176. [PMID: 35999475 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01820-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
In prior studies, Quercetin was revealed to exhibit anti-cancer features in a variety of cancer cell lines. However, the impact of Quercetin on neuroblastoma is unknown. This study looked into the potential cytotoxic effects of Quercetin and Quercetin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) on the SH-SY5Y cell line. In this study, NPs containing Quercetin was prepared and characterization studies were performed. The vitality of the cells was measured using the XTT test after 24 h of treatment with various concentrations of Quercetin (0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 µg/mL). ELISA kits were used to detect the amounts of cleaved PARP, BCL-2, 8-Hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), cleaved caspase 3, Bax, total oxidant status, and total antioxidant status in the cells. The results of the chitosan NPs characterization investigation revealed that the particle size, encapsulation effectiveness, and drug release profile of NPs were all appropriate for cell culture studies. Quercetin and Quercetin-loaded chitosan NPs significantly reduced cell viability in SH-SY5Y cells at different concentrations (**p < 0.05). 2 µg/mL Quercetin and Quercetin-loaded chitosan NPs significantly enhanced the levels of 8-oxo-dG, cleaved caspase 3, Bax, cleaved PARP, and total oxidant in ELISA testing. However, treatment with 2 µg/mL of Quercetin and Quercetin-loaded chitosan NPs did not affect the amount of BCL-2 protein. Overall, Quercetin and Quercetin-loaded chitosan NPs caused significant cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells via producing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and eventually apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Dogan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
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25
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Silveira FM, Schuch LF, Schmidt TR, Lopes MP, Wagner VP, Só BB, Palo RM, Martins MD. Response to: Concerns regarding the published article “Potentially carcinogenic effects of hydrogen peroxide for tooth bleaching on the oral mucosa: A systematic review and meta-analysis” by Silveira et al. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 128:1131-1133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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26
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Zhang M, Yu CH, Wang G, Buckley JP, Hong X, Pearson C, Adams WG, Fan Z(T, Wang X. Longitudinal trajectories and determinants of plasma per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) levels from birth to early childhood and metabolomic associations: A pilot study in the Boston Birth Cohort. PRECISION NUTRITION 2022; 1:e00004. [PMID: 36936201 PMCID: PMC10022515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a major public health concern worldwide due to their ubiquitous exposures, environmental persistence, maternal-to-fetal transfer, and multi-organ toxicity. This pilot study aimed to generate preliminary data to inform future studies to address data gaps in the field, including early life PFAS exposure levels, longitudinal changes, determinants, and associated metabolomic alterations in understudied Black and Hispanic children in the United States (U.S.). Methods This study leveraged existing biosamples and data in the Boston Birth Cohort and measured 12 legacy and emerging PFAS, including Me-PFOSA-AcOH, PFDA, PFDoA, PFHxS, PFNA, PFOA, PFOS, PFUnA, GenX, ADONA, 9Cl-PF3ONS, and PFHpS, in paired cord and early childhood plasma samples. Summary statistics and graphic plots were used to depict PFAS levels at the two time points and their longitudinal changes. Linear regression models were used to identify the early-life factors associated with cord and early childhood PFAS levels. Associations of cord PFAS with cord metabolites were explored using a metabolome-wide association approach and a targeted approach. Results This study included 39 children, of whom 25 (64%) were Black, 14 (36%) were Hispanic, and 15 (38%) were female. PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, and PFHpS were detectable in all cord and early childhood plasma samples, while GenX and ADONA were not detectable in any sample. Cord PFAS levels were weakly-to-moderately correlated with early childhood PFAS levels (r = -0.03 to 0.40). Several maternal and child factors, including gestational age, year at blood collection, and race/ethnicity, were associated with cord and early childhood PFAS levels. The metabolome-wide association study and the targeted study identified several cord metabolites that may have been affected by in utero PFAS exposure. Conclusions This pilot study found ubiquitous exposure to multiple PFAS in cord plasma (reflects in utero exposure) and in early childhood plasma (reflects both prenatal and postnatal exposure) among U.S. Black and Hispanic children. Metabolomic analysis suggests that in utero PFAS exposures may alter fetal metabolism. Future large-scale studies are needed to replicate the findings and further examine the associations of fetal PFAS exposure with long-term health outcomes and underlying metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chang Ho Yu
- Environmental and Chemical Laboratory Services, Public Health and Environmental Laboratories, New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, NJ, USA
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessie P Buckley
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Colleen Pearson
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William G Adams
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhihua (Tina) Fan
- Environmental and Chemical Laboratory Services, Public Health and Environmental Laboratories, New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, NJ, USA
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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27
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Geng Y, Hu M, Yao Y, Zhan M, Zhou Y. Urinary concentrations of amphenicol antibiotics in relation to biomarkers of oxidative DNA and RNA damage in school children. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2022; 57:470-478. [PMID: 35635089 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2022.2078132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies implied that elevated exposure to amphenicol antibiotics may induce increased oxidative stress. However, the effects of amphenicol antibiotics exposure on oxidative stress damage in human have not been well studied. This study examined the associations between amphenicol antibiotics exposure and oxidative damage biomarkers in school children. Three major amphenicols including chloramphenicol (CAP), thiamphenicol (TAP), florfenicol (FF) and two biomarkers of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) for oxidative DNA damage and 8-oxo-7,8- dihydroguanosine (8-OHG) for oxidative RNA damage were measured in 414 morning urine samples collected from 70 school children in Shanghai, China. School children were exposed to CAP, TAP, and FF with median concentrations of 1.37, 0.36, and 0.06 μg/g Cre, respectively. Linear mixed models revealed that an interquartile range (IQR) increase of urinary TAP was positively associated with 7.75%(95% CI: 4.40%, 11.1%) increase of 8-OHdG and 7.48%(95% CI: 2.49%, 15.6%) increase of 8-OHG, respectively; in addition, CAP was associated with elevated 8-OHdG. Although FF was not found to be significantly associated with either 8-OHdG or 8-OHG, it is warranted to further investigate FF and its metabolites levels in relation to oxidative stress in future study. Our findings provide new evidence for the effects of exposure to TAP and CAP on nucleic acid oxidative damage in Children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Geng
- Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the Peoples' Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and Chemistry, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Pudong New Area for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Hu
- Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the Peoples' Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and Chemistry, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Pudong New Area for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the Peoples' Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and Chemistry, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Pudong New Area for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhan
- Pudong New Area for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the Peoples' Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and Chemistry, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Pudong New Area for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, China
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28
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Graphene-Based Biosensors for Molecular Chronic Inflammatory Disease Biomarker Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040244. [PMID: 35448304 PMCID: PMC9030187 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, stroke, ischemic heart diseases, neurodegenerative conditions, and COVID-19 have had a high number of deaths worldwide in recent years. The accurate detection of the biomarkers for chronic inflammatory diseases can significantly improve diagnosis, as well as therapy and clinical care in patients. Graphene derivative materials (GDMs), such as pristine graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have shown tremendous benefits for biosensing and in the development of novel biosensor devices. GDMs exhibit excellent chemical, electrical and mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and the facility of surface modification for biomolecular recognition, opening new opportunities for simple, accurate, and sensitive detection of biomarkers. This review shows the recent advances, properties, and potentialities of GDMs for developing robust biosensors. We show the main electrochemical and optical-sensing methods based on GDMs, as well as their design and manufacture in order to integrate them into robust, wearable, remote, and smart biosensors devices. We also describe the current application of such methods and technologies for the biosensing of chronic disease biomarkers. We also describe the current application of such methods and technologies for the biosensing of chronic disease biomarkers with improved sensitivity, reaching limits of detection from the nano to atto range concentration.
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29
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Jîtcă G, Ősz BE, Tero-Vescan A, Miklos AP, Rusz CM, Bătrînu MG, Vari CE. Positive Aspects of Oxidative Stress at Different Levels of the Human Body: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030572. [PMID: 35326222 PMCID: PMC8944834 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the subject of numerous studies, most of them focusing on the negative effects exerted at both molecular and cellular levels, ignoring the possible benefits of free radicals. More and more people admit to having heard of the term "oxidative stress", but few of them understand the meaning of it. We summarized and analyzed the published literature data in order to emphasize the importance and adaptation mechanisms of basal oxidative stress. This review aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms underlying the positive effects of oxidative stress, highlighting these effects, as well as the risks for the population consuming higher doses than the recommended daily intake of antioxidants. The biological dose-response curve in oxidative stress is unpredictable as reactive species are clearly responsible for cellular degradation, whereas antioxidant therapies can alleviate senescence by maintaining redox balance; nevertheless, excessive doses of the latter can modify the redox balance of the cell, leading to a negative outcome. It can be stated that the presence of oxidative status or oxidative stress is a physiological condition with well-defined roles, yet these have been insufficiently researched and explored. The involvement of reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of some associated diseases is well-known and the involvement of antioxidant therapies in the processes of senescence, apoptosis, autophagy, and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis cannot be denied. All data in this review support the idea that oxidative stress is an undesirable phenomenon in high and long-term concentrations, but regular exposure is consistent with the hormetic theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Jîtcă
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (G.J.); (C.E.V.)
| | - Bianca E. Ősz
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (G.J.); (C.E.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Amelia Tero-Vescan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (A.T.-V.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Amalia Pușcaș Miklos
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (A.T.-V.); (A.P.M.)
| | - Carmen-Maria Rusz
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, I.O.S.U.D, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (C.-M.R.); (M.-G.B.)
| | - Mădălina-Georgiana Bătrînu
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, I.O.S.U.D, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (C.-M.R.); (M.-G.B.)
| | - Camil E. Vari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (G.J.); (C.E.V.)
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Ahmadzadeh H, Ahmadi M, Golchin A, Malakoti F, Maleki M, Alemi F, Bazavar M, Yousefi B. The Effect of TQ and Cis in OS. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2022; 72:171-176. [PMID: 35255515 DOI: 10.1055/a-1700-4258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone sarcoma with a high recurrence rate and poorer prognosis. The application of natural agents in combinational therapies can increase the efficacy of treatment and decrease the side effects. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Thymoquinone (TQ) combined with Cisplatin on apoptosis and its underlying mechanisms in the Saos-2 cells. METHODS The effects of TQ and Cisplatin on Saos-2 cell viability were measured using an MTT assay. Western blotting was applied for the measurement of γH2AX protein expression. The expression levels of 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). DCFH-DA fluorescence dye was used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. For evaluation of apoptosis, flow cytometry was employed. RESULTS TQ dramatically promotes the cytotoxic effects of Cisplatin. TQ considerably enhanced the expression levels of 8-oxo-dG and γ-H2AX in Saos-2 cells. After TQ treatment, ROS levels were increased; furthermore, TQ treatment resulted in the potentiation of Cisplatin-induced apoptosis in Saos-2 cells compared to either TQ or Cisplatin treated cells. CONCLUSION In general, TQ plus Cisplatin resulted in potentiated cellular cytotoxicity by increasing ROS level and inducing oxidative DNA damage, leading to the potent induction of apoptosis in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Ahmadzadeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehran Ahmadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asal Golchin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Faezeh Malakoti
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masomeh Maleki
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Bazavar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Khoje ZB, kumarVootla S, David M. Brain DNA damage analysis in pesticide exposed wistar albino rats (Rattus norvegicus): a chemometric approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:2211-2220. [PMID: 35067187 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2029566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Brain the most important organ which controls most of the regulations in the body is composed of neurons and glia. As brain has a high metabolic rate and reduced cell renewal capability, the lipids, proteins and nucleic acids become the major targets of damage. In the present study carbofuran (CF) induced brain DNA damage in male wistar albino rats at sub-lethal doses (Control-A; B-1.0, C-0.5 and D-0.3 mg/kg BW) while the groups B1,C1, D1, B2, C2, D2 and B3, C3, D3 represents the exposure duration 30, 60 and 90 days each respectively. FTIR spectroscopy based chemometric analysis of functional groups in nucleic acids are reported, changes in band area and band frequencies were examined to understand the DNA damage by constructing heat map. Significant changes were observed in the band frequency, band areas, bandwidth and intensity values (p < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001). The principal component analysis was analyzed to study the alterations at the molecular level, which revealed maximum variance of 74% in groups A, B1, C1, D1 and C2 and 13.7% variance in B2, D2, B3, C3 and D3. The present study provides significant details to analyse DNA damage using non-conventional approach and can also be used for detecting DNA damage in several neural diseases and disorders and emphasizes on using FTIR spectral data through chemometric approach to analyse the DNA damage.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabin Begum Khoje
- Department of Studies in Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Shyam kumarVootla
- Department of Studies in Microbiology and Biotechnology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Muniswamy David
- Department of Studies in Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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Sakonsinsiri C, Puangmali T, Sreejivungsa K, Koowattanasuchat S, Thanan R, Chompoosor A, Kulchat S, Sithithaworn P. Aptamer-based colorimetric detection of the DNA damage marker 8-oxo-dG using cysteamine-stabilised gold nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2022; 12:25478-25486. [PMID: 36199304 PMCID: PMC9450492 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01858f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) is a crucial biomarker for oxidative DNA damage and carcinogenesis. Current strategies for 8-oxo-dG detection often require sophisticated instruments and qualified personnel. In this study, cysteamine-stabilised gold nanoparticles (cyst-AuNPs) were synthesised and used for colorimetric detection of 8-oxo-dG in urine. Sensing of 8-oxo-dG is based on the anti-aggregation of cyst-AuNPs, mediated by the specific recognition of 8-oxo-dG and its aptamer. In the absence of 8-oxo-dG, the aptamer was adsorbed onto the surface of cyst-AuNPs, resulting in aggregation and the development of a purple colour solution. Upon addition of the target molecule 8-oxo-dG, the aptamer specifically bound to it and could not induce the aggregation of cyst-AuNPs, leading to the dispersion of cyst-AuNPs in the solution. Simple visual examination could be used to monitor the purple-to-red colour change that started at 12 nM, a threshold concentration for visual analysis. The absorbance at 525 nm increased in direct relation to the number of the target molecule 8-oxo-dG. This aptamer/cyst-AuNPs system showed excellent sensing ability for the 8-oxo-dG concentration in the range of 15–100 nM, with a detection limit as low as 10.3 nM and a detection time of 30 min. Interference experiments showed that the developed colorimetric strategy had a good sensitivity. This simple and rapid colorimetric method has successfully been applied to inspect 8-oxo-dG concentration in real urine samples and provided recoveries between 93.6 and 94.1%, with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 34.3 nM, which was comparable with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent-based detection of 8-oxo-dG. This new, easy-to-use, and rapid method could be used as an alternative and initiative strategy for the development of an on-site analysis of 8-oxo-dG in urine. A colorimetric assay based on cysteamine-stabilized AuNPs and anti-8-oxo-dG aptamers for the detection of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), which is a critical DNA damage marker, was developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadamas Sakonsinsiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Theerapong Puangmali
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kaniknun Sreejivungsa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Raynoo Thanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Chompoosor
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Sirinan Kulchat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Barros CCDS, Freitas RDA, Miguel MCDC, Dantas da Silveira ÉJ. DNA damage through oxidative stress is an important event in oral leukoplakia. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 135:105359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Circadian and chemotherapy-related changes in urinary modified nucleosides excretion in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24015. [PMID: 34907230 PMCID: PMC8671418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary levels of modified nucleosides reflect nucleic acids turnover and can serve as non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring tumour circadian dynamics, and treatment responses in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. In 39 patients, median overnight urinary excretion of LC-HRMS determinations of pseudouridine, was ~ tenfold as large as those of 1-methylguanosine, 1-methyladenosine, or 4-acetylcytidine, and ~ 100-fold as large as those of adenosine and cytidine. An increase in any nucleoside excretion after chemotherapy anticipated plasma carcinoembryonic antigen progression 1–2 months later and was associated with poor survival. Ten fractionated urines were collected over 2-days in 29 patients. The median value of the rhythm-adjusted mean of urinary nucleoside excretion varied from 64.3 for pseudouridine down to 0.61 for cytidine. The rhythm amplitudes relative to the 24-h mean of 6 nucleoside excretions were associated with rest duration, supporting a tight link between nucleosides turnover and the rest-activity rhythm. Moreover, the amplitude of the 1-methylguanosine rhythm was correlated with the rest-activity dichotomy index, a significant predictor of survival outcome in prior studies. In conclusion, urinary excretion dynamics of modified nucleosides appeared useful for the characterization of the circadian control of cellular proliferation and for tracking early responses to treatments in colorectal cancer patients.
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35
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Demirci-Çekiç S, Özkan G, Avan AN, Uzunboy S, Çapanoğlu E, Apak R. Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 209:114477. [PMID: 34920302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced during normal metabolism in human body. These species can be both radical and non-radical and have varying degrees of reactivity. Although they have some important functions in the human body, such as contributing to signal transmission and the immune system, their presence must be balanced by the antioxidant defense system. The human body has an excellent intrinsic enzymatic antioxidant system in addition to different non-enzymatic antioxidants having small molecular masses. An extrinsic source of antioxidants are foodstuffs such as fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices, mostly rich in polyphenols. When the delicate biochemical balance between oxidants and antioxidants is disturbed in favor of oxidants, "oxidative stress" conditions emerge, under which reactive species can cause oxidative damage to biomacromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and DNA. This oxidative damage is often associated with cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. Because reactive species are extremely short-lived, it is almost impossible to measure their concentrations directly. Although there are certain methods such as ESR / EPR that serve this purpose, they have some disadvantages and are quite costly systems. Therefore, products generated from oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and DNA are often used to quantify the extent of oxidative damage rather than direct measurement of reactive species. These oxidative damage products are usually known as biomarkers. Determination of the concentrations of these biomarkers and changes in the concentration of protective antioxidants can provide useful information for avoiding certain diseases and keep healthy conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Demirci-Çekiç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Özkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Neslihan Avan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Uzunboy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Çapanoğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Vedat Dalokay St. No. 112, Cankaya, 06670 Ankara, Turkey.
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36
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Sleight TW, Sexton CN, Mpourmpakis G, Gilbertson LM, Ng CA. A Classification Model to Identify Direct-Acting Mutagenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Transformation Products. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:2273-2286. [PMID: 34662518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a complex group of environmental contaminants, many having long environmental half-lives. As these compounds degrade, the changes in their structure can result in a substantial increase in mutagenicity compared to the parent compound. Over time, each individual PAH can potentially degrade into several thousand unique transformation products, creating a complex, constantly evolving set of intermediates. Microbial degradation is the primary mechanism of their transformation and ultimate removal from the environment, and this process can result in mutagenic activation similar to the metabolic activation that can occur in multicellular organisms. The diversity of the potential intermediate structures in PAH-contaminated environments renders hazard assessment difficult for both remediation professionals and regulators. A mixture of structural and energetic descriptors has proven effective in existing studies for classifying which PAH transformation products will be mutagenic. However, most existing studies of environmental PAH mutagens primarily focus on nitrogenated derivatives, which are prevalent in the atmosphere and not as relevant in soil. Additionally, PAH products commonly found in the environment can range from as large as five rings to as small as a single ring, requiring a broadly inclusive methodology to comprehensively evaluate mutagenic potential. We developed a combination of supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods to predict environmentally induced PAH mutagenicity with improved performance over currently available tools. K-means clustering with principal component analysis allows us to identify molecular clusters that we hypothesize to have similar mechanisms of action. Recursive feature elimination identifies the most influential descriptors. The cluster-specific regression outperforms available classifiers in predicting direct-acting mutagens resulting from the microbial biodegradation of PAHs and provides direction for future studies evaluating the environmental hazards resulting from PAH biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor W Sleight
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Caitlin N Sexton
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Giannis Mpourmpakis
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Leanne M Gilbertson
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States.,Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Carla A Ng
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States.,Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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Falcinelli M, Thaker PH, Lutgendorf SK, Conzen SD, Flaherty RL, Flint MS. The Role of Psychologic Stress in Cancer Initiation: Clinical Relevance and Potential Molecular Mechanisms. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5131-5140. [PMID: 34266894 PMCID: PMC8530873 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis that the physiologic response to psychologic stress influences the initiation of cancer is highly controversial. The link between initiating stressors, the psychologic stress response, and disease is plausible, considering that the stress response is associated with defined physiologic outcomes and molecular mechanisms. In light of this, we review the clinical relevance of psychologic stress on the risk of cancer, and we propose potential molecular pathways that may link the stress response to early stages of malignant cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Falcinelli
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Centre for Stress and Age-related Diseases, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Premal H Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Susan K Lutgendorf
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Suzanne D Conzen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Renée L Flaherty
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie S Flint
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Centre for Stress and Age-related Diseases, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, United Kingdom.
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Hu Y, Fang Z, Mu J, Huang Y, Zheng S, Yuan Y, Guo C. Quantitative Analysis of Methylated Adenosine Modifications Revealed Increased Levels of N 6-Methyladenosine (m 6A) and N 6,2'- O-Dimethyladenosine (m 6Am) in Serum From Colorectal Cancer and Gastric Cancer Patients. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:694673. [PMID: 34381776 PMCID: PMC8350345 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.694673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer and gastric cancer are the most prevalent gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide, and early detection of these cancers is crucial to reduce their incidence and mortality. RNA methylation plays an important regulatory role in a variety of physiological activities, and it has drawn great attention in recent years. Methylated adenosine (A) modifications such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 2′-O-methyladenosine (Am), N6,2′-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), and N6,N6-dimethyladenosine (m62A) are typical epigenetic markers of RNA, and they are closely correlated to various diseases including cancer. Serum is a valuable source of biofluid for biomarker discovery, and determination of these adenosine modifications in human serum is desirable since they are emerging biomarkers for detection of diseases. In this work, a targeted quantitative analysis method using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) was developed and utilized to analyze these methylated adenosine modifications in serum samples. The concentration differences between the healthy volunteers and cancer patients were evaluated by Mann–Whitney test, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to access the potential of these nucleosides as biomarkers. We demonstrated the presence of the m6Am in human serum for the first time, and we successfully quantified the concentrations of A, m6A, m1A, and m6Am in serum samples from 99 healthy controls, 51 colorectal cancer patients, and 27 gastric cancer patients. We found that the levels of m6A and m6Am in serum were both increased in colorectal cancer or gastric cancer patients, compared to that in healthy controls. These results indicate that m6A and m6Am in serum may act as potential biomarkers for early detection and prognosis of colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. In addition, the present work will stimulate investigations on the effects of adenosine methylation on the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Hu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Fang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Mu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanqin Huang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Zheng
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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39
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Huang R, Shen K, He Q, Hu Y, Sun C, Guo C, Pan Y. Metabolic Profiling of Urinary Chiral Amino-Containing Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer Using a Sensitive Chiral Chlorine-Labeled Probe by HPLC-MS/MS. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3952-3962. [PMID: 34229439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Screening of characteristic biomarkers from chiral amino-containing metabolites in biological samples is difficult and important for the noninvasive diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC). Here, an enantiomeric pair of chlorine-labeled probes d-BPCl and l-BPCl was synthesized to selectively label d- and l-amino-containing metabolites in biological samples, respectively. Incorrect structural annotations were excluded according to the characteristic 3:1 abundance ratio of natural chlorine isotopes (35Cl and 37Cl) derived from the probes. A sensitive C18 HPLC-QQQ-MS/MS method in combination with the probes was then developed and applied in metabolomic analysis of amino-containing metabolites in urine samples. A total of 161 amino-containing metabolites were rapidly separated and determined, and 28 chiral amino acids and achiral glycine were quantified with good precision and accuracy. A total of 18 differential variables were discriminated by analyzing chiral amino-containing metabolites in urine samples of the GC patient and healthy person using the probe-based HPLC-MS/MS-MRM method combined with the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis and Mann-Whitney U test with false discovery rate correction for multiple hypotheses. A diagnostic regression model including d-isoleucine, d-serine, and β-(pyrazol-1-yl)-l-alanine and age was then constructed with an average prediction correctness of 88.9% in the validation set. This work established a close connection between gastric cancer and chiral amino-containing metabolites. The mass spectrometry data analyzed in the study are publicly available via Mendeley Data (DOI: 10.17632/4bd93j9yrr.1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kexin Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Quan He
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiqiu Hu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cuirong Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
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Phua TJ. The Etiology and Pathophysiology Genesis of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer: A New Perspective. MEDICINES 2021; 8:medicines8060030. [PMID: 34208086 PMCID: PMC8230771 DOI: 10.3390/medicines8060030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: The etiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are unknown, with ageing being the greatness risk factor. Methods: This new perspective evaluates the available interdisciplinary evidence regarding prostate ageing in terms of the cell biology of regulation and homeostasis, which could explain the timeline of evolutionary cancer biology as degenerative, inflammatory and neoplasm progressions in these multifactorial and heterogeneous prostatic diseases. Results: This prostate ageing degeneration hypothesis encompasses the testosterone-vascular-inflamm-ageing triad, along with the cell biology regulation of amyloidosis and autophagy within an evolutionary tumorigenesis microenvironment. Conclusions: An understanding of these biological processes of prostate ageing can provide potential strategies for early prevention and could contribute to maintaining quality of life for the ageing individual along with substantial medical cost savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teow J Phua
- Molecular Medicine, NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
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AbuArrah M, Yuli Setianto B, Faisal A, Hamim Sadewa A. 8-Hydroxy-2-Deoxyguanosine as Oxidative DNA Damage Biomarker of Medical Ionizing Radiation: A Scoping Review. J Biomed Phys Eng 2021; 11:389-402. [PMID: 34189127 PMCID: PMC8236100 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2101-1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent studies reported the significant expansion using 8-Hydroxy-2-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a biomarker of oxidative Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) damage among human populations exposed to medical ionizing radiation, but a generalized overview about this topic has not been conducted yet. Objective This scoping review of published literature examined recent trends in utilizing 8-OHdG biomarker to measure oxidative DNA damage induced by medical ionizing radiation and possible factors that may influence the 8-OHdG level. Material and Methods Literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest databases for publications from 1984 to 2/12/2020. Included articles were: cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies, randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials. Excluded articles were: editorials, letters, personal opinions, newspaper articles, study plans, protocols, qualitative studies, case reports and series, in-vivo and vitro studies, animal research studies, reviews and meta-analyses. Results According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we screened 141 articles, and 10 eligible studies met our inclusion criteria. All studies measured 8-OHdG as an oxidative DNA damage biomarker. The study results were contradictory concerning the relationship between the radiation dose and 8-OhdG level. 8-OHdG was mostly measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using urine samples. Sample size varied between (n=25-230) and included patients who underwent medical radiation procedures or workers exposed to ionizing radiation during their jobs. Conclusion This scoping review findings showed 8-OHdG can be used as a promising biomarker to detect oxidative damage, resulting from medical ionizing radiation exposure despite external factors that may influence 8-OHdG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad AbuArrah
- PhD Candidate, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, University Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Budi Yuli Setianto
- PhD, Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, University Gadjah Mada-Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arif Faisal
- MD, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, University Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Hamim Sadewa
- PhD, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, University Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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The pro- and anti-cancer effects of oxycodone are associated with epithelial growth factor receptor level in cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:221926. [PMID: 31967294 PMCID: PMC7007405 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxycodone is an opioid medication used for the treatment of pain in cancer patients. However, little is known on the direct effects of oxycodone on cancer cells. Aim: To determine the effects and mechanisms of oxycodone in cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Proliferation, survival and migration assays were performed on multiple types of cancer cells. Epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ERK/Akt pathway and oxidative stress were investigated after oxycodone treatment. Results: Oxycodone can either stimulate growth and migration without affecting survival in MDA-468 cells or inhibit growth and survival without affecting migration in SKBR3 and Caco2 cells. In addition, oxycodone can either attenuate or stimulate efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer, depending on the type of cancer cells and nature of action of oxycodone as single drug alone. Our mechanism studies suggest that the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of oxycodone are associated with EGFR expression levels in cancer cells. In cancer cells with high EGFR level, oxycodone activates EGFR signaling in cancer cells, leading to stimulatory effects in multiple biological activities, and this is dependent on opioid receptor. In cancer cells with low EGFR level, oxycodone induces mitochondria-mediated caspase activity and oxidative stress and damage, leading to cell death. Conclusions: Our work is the first to demonstrate systematic analysis of oxycodone’s effects and mechanism of action in cancer. The activation of EGFR signaling by oxycodone may provide a new guide in the clinical use of oxycodone, in particular for cancer patients with high EGFR levels.
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Ergul M, Bakar-Ates F. Investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying the antiproliferative effects of colchicine against PC3 prostate cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 73:105138. [PMID: 33684465 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This work examined the cytotoxic effects of colchicine on PC3 cells and elucidated the possible underlying mechanisms of its cytotoxicity. The cells were exposed to colchicine at different concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 ng/mL for 24 h, and it showed considerable cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 22.99 ng/mL. Mechanistic studies also exhibited that colchicine treatment results in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase as well as decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased early and late apoptotic cells. The apoptotic and DNA-damaging effects of colchicine have also been verified by fluorescence imaging and ELISA experiments, and they revealed that while colchicine treatment significantly modulated expression as increases in Bax, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved PARP, and 8-hydroxy-desoxyguanosine levels and as a decrease of BCL-2 protein expression. Besides, colchicine treatment significantly increased the total oxidant (TOS) level, which is a signal of oxidative stress and potential cause of DNA damage. Finally, the results of quantitative real-time PCR experiments demonstrated that colchicine treatment concentration-dependently suppressed MMP-9 mRNA expression. Overall, colchicine provides meaningful cytotoxicity on PC3 cells due to induced oxidative stress, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased DNA damage, and finally increased apoptosis in PC3 cells. Nevertheless, further research needs to be conducted to assess the potential of colchicine as an anticancer drug for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ergul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Filiz Bakar-Ates
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Okkay U, Ferah Okkay I, Cicek B, Aydin IC, Ertugrul MS, Bayram C, Senyayla S, Sezen S, Mendil AS, Guven L, Hacimuftuoglu A. Achillea millefolium alleviates testicular damage in paclitaxel-intoxicated rats via attenuation of testicular oxido-inflammatory stress and apoptotic responses. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14028. [PMID: 33650701 DOI: 10.1111/and.14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Achillea millefolium extract in paclitaxel-induced testicular toxicity in rats. The groups were designed as (1) control, (2) paclitaxel (8 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), (3) paclitaxel (8 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) + Achillea millefolium (200 mg/kg, orally for 14 consecutive days) and (4) paclitaxel (8 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) + Achillea millefolium (400 mg/kg, orally for 14 consecutive days). Serum levels of testosterone, luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, as well as total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status were measured one day after receiving the last dose of Achillea millefolium extract. Testicular superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde, tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1β levels, the expressions of nuclear factor kappa B and caspase-3 were evaluated. In addition, testicular sections were evaluated histopathologically and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine was detected immunohistochemically. Achillea millefolium improved the levels of luteinising hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone, upregulated testicular antioxidant enzymes and downregulated inflammation. Furthermore, we observed that Achillea millefolium restored testicular histopathological structure and significantly suppressed oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis by reducing the expression of caspase-3. Taken together, our results suggest that Achillea millefolium has protective effects against paclitaxel-induced testicular toxicity and is a promising natural product with the potential to improve male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Okkay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Irmak Ferah Okkay
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cagri Aydin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Sait Ertugrul
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Cemil Bayram
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Senyayla
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selma Sezen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ali Sefa Mendil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Leyla Guven
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Kumar P, Liu C, Hsu JW, Chacko S, Minard C, Jahoor F, Sekhar RV. Glycine and N-acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) supplementation in older adults improves glutathione deficiency, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, genotoxicity, muscle strength, and cognition: Results of a pilot clinical trial. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e372. [PMID: 33783984 PMCID: PMC8002905 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OxS) and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated as causative factors for aging. Older adults (OAs) have an increased prevalence of elevated OxS, impaired mitochondrial fuel-oxidation (MFO), elevated inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, cognitive decline, muscle weakness, and sarcopenia, but contributing mechanisms are unknown, and interventions are limited/lacking. We previously reported that inducing deficiency of the antioxidant tripeptide glutathione (GSH) in young mice results in mitochondrial dysfunction, and that supplementing GlyNAC (combination of glycine and N-acetylcysteine [NAC]) in aged mice improves naturally-occurring GSH deficiency, mitochondrial impairment, OxS, and insulin resistance. This pilot trial in OA was conducted to test the effect of GlyNAC supplementation and withdrawal on intracellular GSH concentrations, OxS, MFO, inflammation, endothelial function, genotoxicity, muscle and glucose metabolism, body composition, strength, and cognition. METHODS A 36-week open-label clinical trial was conducted in eight OAs and eight young adults (YAs). After all the participants underwent an initial (pre-supplementation) study, the YAs were released from the study. OAs were studied again after GlyNAC supplementation for 24 weeks, and GlyNAC withdrawal for 12 weeks. Measurements included red-blood cell (RBC) GSH, MFO; plasma biomarkers of OxS, inflammation, endothelial function, glucose, and insulin; gait-speed, grip-strength, 6-min walk test; cognitive tests; genomic-damage; glucose-production and muscle-protein breakdown rates; and body-composition. RESULTS GlyNAC supplementation for 24 weeks in OA corrected RBC-GSH deficiency, OxS, and mitochondrial dysfunction; and improved inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, insulin-resistance, genomic-damage, cognition, strength, gait-speed, and exercise capacity; and lowered body-fat and waist-circumference. However, benefits declined after stopping GlyNAC supplementation for 12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS GlyNAC supplementation for 24-weeks in OA was well tolerated and lowered OxS, corrected intracellular GSH deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased inflammation, insulin-resistance and endothelial dysfunction, and genomic-damage, and improved strength, gait-speed, cognition, and body composition. Supplementing GlyNAC in aging humans could be a simple and viable method to promote health and warrants additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premranjan Kumar
- Translational Metabolism Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismDepartment of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas77030USA
| | - Chun Liu
- Translational Metabolism Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismDepartment of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas77030USA
| | - Jean W. Hsu
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutritional Research CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Shaji Chacko
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutritional Research CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Charles Minard
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
| | - Farook Jahoor
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutritional Research CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Rajagopal V. Sekhar
- Translational Metabolism Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismDepartment of Medicine, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas77030USA
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McDonough SR, Rahman I, Sundar IK. Recent updates on biomarkers of exposure and systemic toxicity in e-cigarette users and EVALI. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L661-L679. [PMID: 33501893 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00520.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), or e-cigarettes, are emerging tobacco products that produce aerosols by heating e-liquids, which most often consist of propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin along with various flavoring compounds, bypassing the combustion that occurs in the use of traditional tobacco cigarettes. These products have seen a drastic increase in popularity in recent years both as smoking cessation devices as well as among younger generations, due in large part to the widespread perception among consumers that e-cigs are significantly less harmful to health than traditional tobacco cigarettes. Due to the novelty of ENDS as well as their rapidly increasing use, research into biomarkers of e-cig exposure and toxicity have lagged behind their popularity, leaving important questions about their potential toxicity unanswered. Research into potential biomarkers of acute and chronic e-cig use, and e-cigarette- or vaping-associated lung injury is necessary for informing both clinical and regulatory decision-making. We aim to provide an updated review of recent research into potential circulating, genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic biomarkers of exposure to and toxicity of e-cigs. We additionally highlight research areas that warrant additional study to gain a better understanding of health risks associated with ENDS use, as well as to provide validation of existing data and methods for measuring and analyzing e-cig-associated biomarkers in human and animal biofluids, tissues, and cells. This review also highlights ongoing efforts within the WNY Center for Research on Flavored Tobacco for research into novel biomarkers in extracellular vesicles that may be associated with short- and long-term ENDS use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R McDonough
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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Verigos KE, Sagredou S, Orfanakos K, Dalezis P, Trafalis DT. 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine and 8-Nitroguanine Production and Detection in Blood Serum of Breast Cancer Patients in Response to Postoperative Complementary External Ionizing Irradiation of Normal Tissues. Dose Response 2021; 18:1559325820982172. [PMID: 33424517 PMCID: PMC7758665 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820982172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely known that ionizing irradiation is strongly linked to the production of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrative species (RNS) through which DNA damage products like 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-nitroguanine (8-NG) are generated, respectively. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the formation of 8-OHdG and 8-NG upon irradiation and to further explore whether alterations in their concentration levels are related to the administered radiation doses and exposure time. Our research work was conducted in blood serum samples collected from 33 breast cancer patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy. The detection of 8-OHdG and 8-NG was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results suggest that both, 8-OHdG and 8-NG, were formed during the radiation regimen. Significant correlations with radiation dose were also demonstrated by the dose-response curves of 8-OHdG and 8-NG, fitted by logarithmic distribution and polynomial regression, respectively. More precisely, 8-OHdG and 8-NG concentrations (ng/mL) were considerably increased when patients received ionizing radiation up to 30 Gy whereas irradiation over 30 Gy did not induce any further increases. The current study supports a) the production of 8-OHdG and 8-NG during radiotherapy and b) significant correlations between either 8-OHdG or 8-NG levels and radiation doses, indicating a radiation-dose-dependent relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosmas E Verigos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Department of Radiation Therapy, 401 General Military Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Sagredou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Orfanakos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Radiation Therapy Clinic-A, "Metaxa" Cancer Hospital, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Dalezis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Trafalis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Al-Taie A, Sancar M, Izzettin FV. 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine: A valuable predictor of oxidative DNA damage in cancer and diabetes mellitus. Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Andries A, Rozenski J, Vermeersch P, Mekahli D, Van Schepdael A. Recent progress in the LC-MS/MS analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers. Electrophoresis 2020; 42:402-428. [PMID: 33280143 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a dynamic and balanced equilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species and the in-house antioxidant defense mechanisms is characteristic for a healthy body. During oxidative stress (OS), this balance is switched to increased production of ROS and RNS, exceeding the capacity of physiological antioxidant systems. This can cause damage to biological molecules, leading to loss of function and even cell death. Nowadays, there is increasing scientific and clinical interest in OS and the associated parameters to measure the degree of OS in biofluids. An increasing number of reports using LC-MS/MS methods for the analysis of OS biomarkers can be found. Since bioanalysis is usually complicated by matrix effects, various types of cleanup procedures are used to effectively separate the biomarkers from the matrix. This is an essential part of the analysis to prepare a reproducible and homogenous solution suitable for injection onto the column. The present review gives a summary of the chromatographic methods used for the determination of OS biomarkers in both urine and plasma, serum, and whole blood samples. The first part mainly describes the biological background of the different OS biomarkers, while the second part reports examples of chromatographic methods for the analysis of different metabolites connected with OS in biofluids, covering a period from 2015 till early 2020. The selected examples mainly include LC-MS/MS methods for isoprostanes, oxidized proteins, oxidized lipoproteins, and DNA/RNA biomarkers. The last part explains the clinical relevance of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmin Andries
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jef Rozenski
- KU Leuven - Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Metabolic Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Pediatrics, PKD group, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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