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Subedi R, Guisbiers G. Synthesis of Ultrawide Band Gap TeO 2 Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids: Top Ablation versus Bottom Ablation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25832-25840. [PMID: 38911718 PMCID: PMC11190927 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Ultrawide band gap (UWBG) semiconductors are the future components of electronic devices due to their large energy band gap (>3.2 eV). In this article, spherical TeO2 nanoparticles, with sizes around ∼39 ± 12 and ∼29 ± 6 nm, were successfully synthesized by irradiating a pure tellurium target, totally submerged in ethanol, using a "Top-ablation" or "Bottom-ablation" synthesis protocol, respectively. Mostly, α-TeO2 nanoparticles were created (>95%) with only a small amount of γ-TeO2 nanoparticles being produced (<5%). Both colloids exhibited a ζ-potential larger than |30 mV|, indicating a stable colloidal solution. The energy band gaps of the TeO2 nanoparticles synthesized by the Top-ablation and Bottom-ablation synthesis protocols were determined to be around 5.3 and 5.8 eV, respectively. Finally, TeO2 UWBG nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using either a Top-ablation or Bottom-ablation synthesis protocol. The main advantage of the Bottom-ablation synthesis protocol is its ability to obtain smaller nanoparticles compared to that of the Top-ablation synthesis protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Subedi
- Department of Physics &
Astronomy, University of Arkansas at Little
Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Grégory Guisbiers
- Department of Physics &
Astronomy, University of Arkansas at Little
Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
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2
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Phytochemical-assisted Synthesis of Titania Nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica Leaf Extract as Photocatalyst in the Photodegradation of Methyl Orange. BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.17.4.15581.683-698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis procedure for nanomaterial preparation is a promising alternative due to its simplicity and environmental friendliness. In this work, TiO2 NPs were biosynthesized using the aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica. The influence of the extract volumes, solvents, and acetic acid on the properties of TiO2 NPs was studied. Phytochemical screening and ATR-FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds in the leaf extract. XRD patterns showed that the samples were mainly in the anatase phase. However, for the water-based samples and when 1 and 2 mL of extract volumes were used, anatase/brookite mixture was observed. FESEM images displayed almost spherical and agglomerated NPs. UV-Vis-NIR studies showed that the samples’ bandgaps values are within the range of anatase TiO2. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 NPs was evaluated in the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) under UV light irradiation. The water-based sample synthesized using 2 mL of the extract achieved 98.62% of MO degradation within 270 min and demonstrated the highest pseudo-first-order photodegradation kinetic constant of 0.0147 min-1. These results indicate that the use of the plant-based biosynthesis method with water as the solvent successfully produced TiO2 NPs with good physicochemical properties and photocatalytic activity in the photodegradation of organic dye. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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3
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Shakeri MS, Polit O, Grabowska-Polanowska B, Pyatenko A, Suchanek K, Dulski M, Gurgul J, Swiatkowska-Warkocka Z. Solvent-particles interactions during composite particles formation by pulsed laser melting of α-Fe 2O 3. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11950. [PMID: 35831334 PMCID: PMC9279393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15729-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This work thoroughly investigates chemical solvent-particles interactions during the formation of composite particles by pulsed laser melting of α-Fe2O3. Two solvents, with different dielectric constants, such as ethyl acetate (εr = 6) and ethanol (εr = 24.6), were examined in terms of their effect on the morphology, size, and phase composition of iron oxide composites. We calculated the laser fluence curves using the heating-melting-evaporation approach to identify the critical particle size that undergoes the phase changes first. We assessed the temperature of the particles irradiated with 390 mJ/pulse.cm2 in both solvents, including the heat dissipation between the particles and the liquid. The phase diagram of the Fe-O-C-H system was calculated to determine the temperature-pressure relationship of the system in equilibrium. We also employed an in situ GC-MS analysis to identify the volatile products during irradiation. Based on our experimental results, we concluded that the final diameter of the composites increases from 400 to 600 nm, along with the decreasing dielectric constant of the solvent, which is related to the different polarization of the organic liquid and the degree of particle agglomeration. The reduction of hematite in ethanol proceeded much faster, ending up with Fe/FeCx, while in ethyl acetate, it ended up with Fe3O4. Among all the particles, those with a diameter of 200 nm have the highest temperature and undergo the phase transition first. The temperature of a 200 nm composite particle in ethanol is slightly lower than in ethyl acetate, i.e. 1870 K as compared to 1902 K. Phase equilibrium diagrams proved the existence of Fe, FeO, and Fe3O4 as the preferred phases at about 1900 K. Our research provides a new insight into the process of submicron particle formation during pulsed laser irradiation and allows proposing a mechanism for the growth of particles of different size and phase composition depending on the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Shakeri
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Krakow, Poland
| | - O Polit
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342, Krakow, Poland
| | - B Grabowska-Polanowska
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
| | - A Pyatenko
- The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8560, Japan
| | - K Suchanek
- Department of Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Podchorążych 1, 30-084, Kraków, Poland
| | - M Dulski
- University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - J Gurgul
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239, Krakow, Poland
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Hesabizadeh T, Hicks E, Medina Cruz D, Bourdo SE, Watanabe F, Bonney M, Nichols J, Webster TJ, Guisbiers G. Synthesis of "Naked" TeO 2 Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23685-23694. [PMID: 35847343 PMCID: PMC9280960 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chalcogenide nanoparticles have become a very active field of research for their optoelectronic and biological properties. This article shows the production of tellurium dioxide nanoparticles (TeO2 NPs) by pulsed laser ablation in liquids. The produced nanoparticles were spherical with a diameter of around 70 nm. The energy band gap of those nanoparticles was determined to be around 5.2 eV. Moreover, TeO2 NPs displayed a dose-dependent antibacterial effect against antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MR S. aureus). The "naked" nature of the nanoparticle surface helped to eradicate the antibiotic-resistant bacteria at a very low concentration, with IC50 values of ∼4.3 ± 0.9 and 3.7 ± 0.2 ppm for MDR E. coli and MR S. aureus, respectively, after just 8 h of culture. Further, the IC50 values of the naked TeO2 NPs against melanoma (skin cancer) and healthy fibroblasts were 1.6 ± 0.7 and 5.5 ± 0.2 ppm, respectively, for up to 72 h. Finally, to understand these optimal antibacterial and anticancer properties of the TeO2 NPs, the reactive oxygen species generated by the nanoparticles were measured. In summary, the present in vitro results demonstrate much promise for the presently prepared TeO2 NPs and they should be studied for a wide range of safe antibacterial and anticancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Hesabizadeh
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Evan Hicks
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - David Medina Cruz
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 313 Snell Engineering Center, 360
Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Shawn E. Bourdo
- Center
for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Fumiya Watanabe
- Center
for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Marvin Bonney
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - John Nichols
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Thomas J. Webster
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 313 Snell Engineering Center, 360
Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Grégory Guisbiers
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 South University Avenue, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
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5
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Aghahosseini H, Saadati MR, Rezaei SJT, Ramazani A, Asadi N, Yahiro H, Mori M, Shajari N, Kazemizadeh AR. A robust polyfunctional Pd(II)-based magnetic amphiphilic nanocatalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10239. [PMID: 33986335 PMCID: PMC8119465 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89424-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, a robust Pd(II)-based polyfunctional magnetic amphiphilic artificial metalloenzyme was prepared by anchoring a Pd(2,2'-dipyridylamine)Cl2 bearing hydrophilic monomethyl ether poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) chains on the surface of amino-functionalized silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles. The 2,2'-dipyridylamine (dpa) has shown excellent complexation properties for Pd(II) and it could be easily anchored onto functionalized magnetic support by the bridging nitrogen atom. Moreover, the bridging nitrogen atom at the proximity of Pd(II) catalytic center could play an important role in dynamic suppramolecular interactions with substrates. The leaching, air and moisture resistant [Pd(dpa)Cl2] complex endow the dynamic and robust structure to the designed artificial enzyme. Moreover, the water dispersibility of designed artificial metalloenzyme raised from mPEG chains and the magnetic nanoparticles core which could function as protein mimics endow it other necessary characters of artificial enzymes. The prepared artificial metalloenzyme displayed remarkable activity in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction employing low-palladium loading under mild conditions, with the exceptionally high turnover frequency, clean reaction profile, easy work-up procedure, good to excellent products yields and short reaction times. The designed air- and moisture-stable artificial metalloenzyme could recycle more than fifteen times with easy separation procedure in aqueous solution under aerobic conditions without any noticeable loss in activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Aghahosseini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saadati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
| | | | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.
| | - Narges Asadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Hidenori Yahiro
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Masami Mori
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Nahid Shajari
- Department of Chemistry, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, P. O. Box 49195-467, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Kazemizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, P. O. Box 49195-467, Zanjan, Iran
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6
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Ramya M, Nideep TK, Nampoori VPN, Kailasnath M. Solvent assisted evolution and growth mechanism of zero to three dimensional ZnO nanostructures for dye sensitized solar cell applications. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6159. [PMID: 33731870 PMCID: PMC7969771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the structural engineering of ZnO nanostructures by a consistent solution method using distinct solvents such as ethylene glycol, 1-butanol, acetic acid and water. The growth kinetics are found to depend strongly on the physicochemical properties of the solvent and zeta potential of the colloidal solution. Furthermore, the resulting nanostructures as a photoanode material, displayed a prominent structure dependent property in determining the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The fabricated solar cell with ZnO nanostructures based photoanode exhibited improved conversion efficiency. Moreover, the nanoflower based DSSCs showed a higher conversion efficiency of 4.1% compared to the other structures. The excellent performance of ZnO nanoflower is attributed to its better light-harvesting ability and increased resistance to charge-recombination. Therefore ZnO nanostructures can be a promising alternative for TiO2 in DSSCs. These findings provide new insight into the simple, low cost and consistent synthetic strategies for ZnO nanostructures and its outstanding performance as a photoanode material in DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ramya
- International School of Photonics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - T K Nideep
- International School of Photonics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - V P N Nampoori
- International School of Photonics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - M Kailasnath
- International School of Photonics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India.
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7
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Nwoko KC, Liang X, Perez MA, Krupp E, Gadd GM, Feldmann J. Characterisation of selenium and tellurium nanoparticles produced by Aureobasidium pullulans using a multi-method approach. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1642:462022. [PMID: 33714080 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Aureobasidium pullulans was grown in liquid culture media amended with selenite and tellurite and selenium (Se) and tellurium (Te) nanoparticles (NPs) were recovered after 30 d incubation. A separation method was applied to recover and characterise Se and Te NPs by asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) with online coupling to multi-angle light scattering (MALS), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detectors. Additional characterisation data was obtained from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Solutions of 0.2% Novachem surfactant and 10 mM phosphate buffer were compared as mobile phases to investigate optimal AF4 separation and particle recovery using Se-NP as a model sample. 88% recovery was reported for 0.2% Novachem solution, compared with 50% recovery for phosphate buffer. Different crossflow (Cflow) rates were compared to further investigate optimum separation, with recoveries of 88% and 30% for Se-NPs, and 90% and 29% for Te-NPs for 3.5 mL min-1 and 2.5 mL min-1 respectively. Zeta-potential (ZP) data suggested higher stability for NP elution in Novachem solution, with increased stability attributed to minimised NP-membrane interaction due to PEGylation. Detection with MALS showed monodisperse Se-NPs (45-90 nm) and polydisperse Te-NPs (5-65 nm).Single particle ICP-MS showed mean particle diameters of 49.7 ± 2.7 nm, and 135 ± 4.3 nm, and limit of size detection (LOSD) of 20 nm and 45 nm for Se-NPs and Te-NPs respectively. TEM images of Se-NPs and Te-NPs displayed a spherical morphology, with the Te-NPs showing a clustered arrangement, which suggested electrostatic attraction amongst neighbouring particles. Particle hydrodynamic diameters (dH) measured with dynamic light scattering (DLS) further suggested monodisperse Se-NPs and polydisperse Te-NPs distributions, showing good agreement with AF4-MALS for Se-NPs, but suggests that the Rg obtained from AF4-MALS for Te-NP was unreliable. The results demonstrate a complementary application of asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4), ICP-MS, light scattering, UV-Vis detection, and microscopic techniques to characterise biogenic Se and Te NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth C Nwoko
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratories, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, United Kingdom.
| | - Xinjin Liang
- Geomicrobiology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Magali Amj Perez
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratories, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Krupp
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratories, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey Michael Gadd
- Geomicrobiology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom; State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, College of Science and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Jörg Feldmann
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratories, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, United Kingdom; Institute of Chemistry, Environmental Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Ghosh K, Srivastava SK. Enhanced Supercapacitor Performance and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of CuS Quantum Dots Grown on Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:4582-4596. [PMID: 33644566 PMCID: PMC7905797 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study is focused on the preparation of the CuS/RGO nanocomposite via the hydrothermal method using GO and Cu-DTO complex as precursors. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study revealed the formation of the CuS/RGO nanocomposite with improved crystallinity, defective nanostructure, and the presence of the residual functional group in the RGO sheet. The morphological study displayed the transformation of CuS from nanowire to quantum dots with the incorporation of RGO. The galvanostatic charge/discharge curve showed that the CuS/RGO nanocomposite (12 wt % Cu-DTO complex) has tremendous and outperforming specific capacitance of 3058 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 current density with moderate cycling stability (∼60.3% after 1000 cycles at 10 A g-1). The as-prepared nanocomposite revealed excellent improvement in specific capacitance, cycling stability, Warburg impedance, and interfacial charge transfer resistance compared to neat CuS. The fabricated nanocomposites were also investigated for their bulk DC electrical conductivity and EMI shielding ability. It was observed that the CuS/RGO nanocomposite (9 wt % Cu-DTO) exhibited a total electromagnetic shielding efficiency of 64 dB at 2.3 GHz following absorption as a dominant shielding mechanism. Such a performance is ascribed to the presence of interconnected networks and synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian
Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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9
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Aloe Vera-Mediated Te Nanostructures: Highly Potent Antibacterial Agents and Moderated Anticancer Effects. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020514. [PMID: 33670538 PMCID: PMC7922676 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics are two of the most worrying healthcare concerns that humanity is facing nowadays. Some of the most promising solutions for these healthcare problems may come from nanomedicine. While the traditional synthesis of nanomaterials is often accompanied by drawbacks such as high cost or the production of toxic by-products, green nanotechnology has been presented as a suitable solution to overcome such challenges. In this work, an approach for the synthesis of tellurium (Te) nanostructures in aqueous media has been developed using aloe vera (AV) extracts as a unique reducing and capping agent. Te-based nanoparticles (AV-TeNPs), with sizes between 20 and 60 nm, were characterized in terms of physicochemical properties and tested for potential biomedical applications. A significant decay in bacterial growth after 24 h was achieved for both Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli at a relative low concentration of 5 µg/mL, while there was no cytotoxicity towards human dermal fibroblasts after 3 days of treatment. AV-TeNPs also showed anticancer properties up to 72 h within a range of concentrations between 5 and 100 µg/mL. Consequently, here, we present a novel and green approach to produce Te-based nanostructures with potential biomedical applications, especially for antibacterial and anticancer applications.
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10
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Stability evolution of ultrafine Ag nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in liquids. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 585:444-451. [PMID: 33097224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the stability evolution of the silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in colloid has great benefits for its controllable preparation, storage and application. Herein, uncapped Ag NPs with diameter of 1.66 ± 0.37 nm are obtained by laser ablation of Ag target in deionized water, corresponding surface plasma resonance (SPR) bands, ζ potential and particle size distribution are monitored to investigate uncapped Ag NPs' stability evolution. Due to negatively charged surface, uncapped Ag NPs show an excellent dispersion stability in 70 days without any external disturbance. But its dispersion stability and structure stability are destroyed easily by an oscillation treatment, resulting in a tardy growth and the formation of one-dimensional Ag nanochain. In addition, the chemical stability of uncapped Ag NPs is dramatically varied by a displacement reaction with an inserted copper wire. As comparison, two typical cationic and anionic surfactant molecules, N-hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) are severally used to prepare surface capped Ag NPs. With same treatment of Ag colloid, both two kinds of capped Ag NPs display better dispersion stability and structure stability than uncapped Ag NPs. Moreover, CTAC capped Ag NPs keep a better chemical stability than SDBS capped Ag NPs.
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11
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Hussain MH, Abu Bakar NF, Mustapa AN, Low KF, Othman NH, Adam F. Synthesis of Various Size Gold Nanoparticles by Chemical Reduction Method with Different Solvent Polarity. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:140. [PMID: 32617698 PMCID: PMC7332595 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03370-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Complicated and strict protocols are followed to tune the size of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in chemical synthesis methods. In this study, we address the polarity of solvents as a tool for tailoring the size of GNPs in the chemical reduction method. The effects of varying polarity index of the reaction medium on synthesizing gold nanoparticles by chemical reduction method have been investigated. Ethanol as a polar solvent, ethanol-water mixture as reaction medium, L-ascorbic acid as reducing agent, and polyvinylpyrrolidone as stabilizer were used to synthesize GNPs. The polarity index of the reaction medium was adjusted by changing the volume ratio of ethanol to water. UV-Vis, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterizations reveal that the growth of nanoparticles was gradually increased (~ 22 to 219 nm hydrodynamic diameter) with decreasing value of polarity index of the reaction medium (~ 8.2 to 5.2). Furthermore, the high polarity index of the reaction medium produced smaller and spherical nanoparticles, whereas lower polarity index of reaction medium results in bigger size of GNPs with different shapes. These results imply that the mechanistic of the growth, assembly, and aggregation phenomena of ligand or stabilizer-capped GNPs strongly rely on the polarity of solvent molecules. Using the proposed methodology, wide size range of GNPs with different morphology sizes can be synthesized by simply modulating the volume percentage of organic solvent in the reaction medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hasaan Hussain
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Fitrah Abu Bakar
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ana Najwa Mustapa
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim-Fatt Low
- Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Tapah Campus, 35400 Tapah Road, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hidayati Othman
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fatmawati Adam
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuh Raya Tun Razak, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
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12
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Rawat R, Tiwari A, Arun N, Rao SVSN, Pathak AP, Tripathi A. Solvents Effect on the Morphology and Stability of Cu/CuO Nanoparticles Synthesized at High Fluence Laser Ablation. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Rawat
- Department of PhysicsSchool of Physical SciencesSikkim University 6th mile Samdur 737102 Sikkim India
| | - Archana Tiwari
- Department of PhysicsSchool of Physical SciencesSikkim University 6th mile Samdur 737102 Sikkim India
| | - Nimmala Arun
- School of PhysicsUniversity of Hyderabad, 500046 India
- Center for Advanced Studies in Electronic Sciences and Technology (CASEST)University of Hyderabad Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - S. V. S. Nageswara Rao
- School of PhysicsUniversity of Hyderabad, 500046 India
- Center for Advanced Studies in Electronic Sciences and Technology (CASEST)University of Hyderabad Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - Anand Prakash Pathak
- Department of PhysicsSchool of Physical SciencesSikkim University 6th mile Samdur 737102 Sikkim India
- School of PhysicsUniversity of Hyderabad, 500046 India
| | - Ajay Tripathi
- Department of PhysicsSchool of Physical SciencesSikkim University 6th mile Samdur 737102 Sikkim India
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13
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Zhang X, Gan X, E Q, Zhang Q, Ye Y, Cai Y, Han A, Tian M, Wang Y, Wang C, Su L, Liang C. Ameliorative effects of nano-selenium against NiSO 4-induced apoptosis in rat testes. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 29:467-477. [PMID: 31050317 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1611979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) is a common environmental pollutant, which has toxic effects on reproductive system. Nowadays, nano-selenium (Nano-Se) has aroused great attention due to its unique antioxidant effect, excellent biological activities and low toxicity. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of Nano-Se on NiSO4-induced testicular injury and apoptosis in rat testes. Nickel sulfate (NiSO4) (5 mg/kg b.w.) was administered intraperitoneally and Nano-Se (0.5, 1, and 2 mg Se/kg b.w., respectively) was given by oral gavage in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Histological changes in the testes were determined by H&E staining. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the apoptosis in testes. Expression levels of mitochondrial apoptosis-related genes and proteins were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The results showed that Nano-Se improved lesions of testicular tissue induced by NiSO4. Nano-Se significantly alleviated NiSO4-induced apoptosis in rat testes, as well as significantly downregulated the Bak, cytochrome c, caspase-9 and caspase-3 and upregulated Bcl-2 expression levels, all of which were involved in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Altogether, we concluded that Nano-Se may potentially exert protective effects on NiSO4-induced testicular injury and attenuate apoptosis, at least partly, via regulating mitochondrial apoptosis pathways in rat testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Zhang
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Xiaoqin Gan
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Qiannan E
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Yixing Ye
- b Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China
| | - Yunyu Cai
- b Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China
| | - Aijie Han
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Minmin Tian
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Caixia Wang
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Li Su
- a Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Changhao Liang
- b Key Laboratory of Materials Physics and Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , China
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14
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Medina Cruz D, Tien-Street W, Zhang B, Huang X, Vernet Crua A, Nieto-Argüello A, Cholula-Díaz JL, Martínez L, Huttel Y, Ujué González M, García-Martín JM, Webster TJ. Citric Juice-mediated Synthesis of Tellurium Nanoparticles with Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2019; 21:1982-1988. [PMID: 31156349 PMCID: PMC6542685 DOI: 10.1039/c9gc00131j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections and cancer are two of the most significant concerns that the current healthcare system should tackle nowadays. Green nanotechnology is presented as a feasible solution that is able to produce materials with significant anticancer and antibacterial activity, while overcoming the main limitations of traditional synthesis. In the present work, orange, lemon and lime extracts were used as both reducing and capping agents for the green synthesis of tellurium nanoparticles (TeNPs) using a microwave-assisted reaction. TeNPs showed a uniform size distribution, and rod- and cubic-shapes, and were extensively characterized in terms of morphology, structure and composition using TEM, SEM, XPS, XRD, FTIR and EDX analysis. TeNPs showed an important antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria in a range concentrations from 5 to 50 μg/mL over a 24-hour time period. Besides, nanoparticles showed anticancer effect towards human melanoma cells over 48 hours at concentrations up to 50 μg/mL. Moreover, the Te nanostructures showed no significant cytotoxic effect towards human dermal fibroblast at concentrations up to 50 μg/mL. Therefore, we present an environmentally-friendly and cost-effective synthesis of TeNPs using only fruit juices and showing enhanced and desirable biomedical properties towards both infectious diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Medina Cruz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William Tien-Street
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bohan Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xinjing Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ada Vernet Crua
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alfonso Nieto-Argüello
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL 64849, Mexico
| | - Jorge L. Cholula-Díaz
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, NL 64849, Mexico
| | - Lidia Martínez
- Materials Science Factory. Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yves Huttel
- Materials Science Factory. Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ujué González
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - José Miguel García-Martín
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología, IMN-CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
| | - Thomas J. Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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15
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Lomelí-Marroquín D, Medina Cruz D, Nieto-Argüello A, Vernet Crua A, Chen J, Torres-Castro A, Webster TJ, Cholula-Díaz JL. Starch-mediated synthesis of mono- and bimetallic silver/gold nanoparticles as antimicrobial and anticancer agents. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2171-2190. [PMID: 30988615 PMCID: PMC6443225 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s192757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Bimetallic silver/gold nanosystems are expected to significantly improve therapeutic efficacy compared to their monometallic counterparts by maintaining the general biocompatibility of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) while, at the same time, decreasing the relatively high toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) toward healthy human cells. Thus, the aim of this research was to establish a highly reproducible one-pot green synthesis of colloidal AuNPs and bimetallic Ag/Au alloy nanoparticles (NPs; Ag/AuNPs) using starch as reducing and capping agent. METHODS The optical properties, high reproducibility, stability and particle size distribution of the colloidal NPs were analyzed by ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and ζ-potential. The presence of starch as capping agent was determined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The structural properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging was done to determine the morphology and size of the nanostructures. The chemical composition of the nanomaterials was determined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. To further study the biomedical applications of the synthesized nanostructures, antibacterial studies against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were conducted. In addition, the NPs were added to the growth media of human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and human melanoma cells to show their cytocompatibility and cytotoxicity, respectively, over a 3-day experiment. RESULTS UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the highly reproducible green synthesis of colloidal AuNPs and Ag/AuNPs. The NPs showed a face-centered cubic crystal structure and an icosahedral shape with mean particle sizes of 28.5 and 9.7 nm for AuNPs and Ag/AuNPs, respectively. The antibacterial studies of the NPs against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains presented a dose-dependent antimicrobial behavior. Furthermore, the NPs showed cytocompat-ibility towards HDF, but a dose-dependent anticancer effect was found when human melanoma cells were grown in presence of different NP concentrations for 72 hours. CONCLUSION In this study, mono- and bimetallic NPs were synthesized for the first time using a highly reproducible, environmentally friendly, cost-effective and quick method and were successfully characterized and tested for several anti-infection and anticancer biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lomelí-Marroquín
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 64849, Mexico,
| | - David Medina Cruz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115,USA
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115,USA
| | - Alfonso Nieto-Argüello
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 64849, Mexico,
| | - Ada Vernet Crua
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115,USA
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115,USA
| | - Junjiang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115,USA
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115,USA
| | - Alejandro Torres-Castro
- Faculty School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (FIME), Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, NL 66451, Mexico
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115,USA
- Nanomedicine Science and Technology Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115,USA
| | - Jorge L Cholula-Díaz
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL 64849, Mexico,
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16
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Spontaneous Shape Alteration and Size Separation of Surfactant-Free Silver Particles Synthesized by Laser Ablation in Acetone during Long-Period Storage. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8070529. [PMID: 30011881 PMCID: PMC6071058 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The technique of laser ablation in liquids (LAL) has already demonstrated its flexibility and capability for the synthesis of a large variety of surfactant-free nanomaterials with a high purity. However, high purity can cause trouble for nanomaterial synthesis, because active high-purity particles can spontaneously grow into different nanocrystals, which makes it difficult to accurately tailor the size and shape of the synthesized nanomaterials. Therefore, a series of questions arise with regards to whether particle growth occurs during colloid storage, how large the particle size increases to, and into which shape the particles evolve. To obtain answers to these questions, here, Ag particles that are synthesized by femtosecond (fs) laser ablation of Ag in acetone are used as precursors to witness the spontaneous growth behavior of the LAL-generated surfactant-free Ag dots (2–10 nm) into different polygonal particles (5–50 nm), and the spontaneous size separation phenomenon by the carbon-encapsulation induced precipitation of large particles, after six months of colloid storage. The colloids obtained by LAL at a higher power (600 mW) possess a greater ability and higher efficiency to yield colloids with sizes of <40 nm than the colloids obtained at lower power (300 mW), because of the generation of a larger amount of carbon ‘captors’ by the decomposition of acetone and the stronger particle fragmentation. Both the size increase and the shape alteration lead to a redshift of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band of the Ag colloid from 404 nm to 414 nm, after storage. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis shows that the Ag particles are conjugated with COO– and OH– groups, both of which may lead to the growth of polygonal particles. The CO and CO2 molecules are adsorbed on the particle surfaces to form Ag(CO)x and Ag(CO2)x complexes. Complementary nanosecond LAL experiments confirmed that the particle growth was inherent to LAL in acetone, and independent of pulse duration, although some differences in the final particle sizes were observed. The nanosecond-LAL yields monomodal colloids, whereas the size-separated, initially bimodal colloids from the fs-LAL provide a higher fraction of very small particles that are <5 nm. The spontaneous growth of the LAL-generated metallic particles presented in this work should arouse the special attention of academia, especially regarding the detailed discussion on how long the colloids can be preserved for particle characterization and applications, without causing a mismatch between the colloid properties and their performance. The spontaneous size separation phenomenon may help researchers to realize a more reproducible synthesis for small metallic colloids, without concern for the generation of large particles.
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17
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Wang Z, Bu Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Liu L, Zhou H. Morphology-tunable tellurium nanomaterials produced by the tellurite-reducing bacterium Lysinibacillus sp. ZYM-1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:20756-20768. [PMID: 29756181 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2257-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although tellurite is highly toxic to organisms, elemental tellurium nanomaterials (TeNMs) have many uses. The microbe-mediated reduction of tellurite to Te(0) has been shown to be a green and cost-effective approach for turning waste into wealth. However, it is difficult to tune the morphology of biogenic nanomaterials. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted to investigate the factors influencing tellurite reduction by the tellurite-reducing bacterium Lysinibacillus sp. ZYM-1, including pH, tellurite concentration, temperature, and heavy metal ions. The optimal removal efficiency of tellurite was respectively achieved at pH 8, 0.5 mM tellurite, and 40 °C. All of the tested metal ions retarded the reduction of tellurite, especially Cd2+ and Co2+, which completely inhibited its reduction. Further characterization of the biogenic TeNMs indicated that their morphology could be tuned by the tellurite concentration, pH, temperature, and organic solvents used. Regular Te nanosheets were produced using 5 mM tellurite. The TeNMs were primarily synthesized in the cell membrane. Hexagonal Te nanoplates, nanorods, nanoflowers, and nanobranches were synthesized when combining membrane fractions with tellurite and NADH. The diverse morphologies are assumed to be induced by the synergy between the reduction kinetics and the protein structure. Therefore, this study confirmed that the bacterium can tune the morphology of TeNMs, broadening the potential application of biogenic TeNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Yibin Bu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghe Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Zuotai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China.
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18
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Piacenza E, Presentato A, Zonaro E, Lampis S, Vallini G, Turner RJ. Selenium and tellurium nanomaterials. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Over the last 40 years, the rapid and exponential growth of nanotechnology led to the development of various synthesis methodologies to generate nanomaterials different in size, shape and composition to be applied in various fields. In particular, nanostructures composed of Selenium (Se) or Tellurium (Te) have attracted increasing interest, due to their intermediate nature between metallic and non-metallic elements, being defined as metalloids. Indeed, this key shared feature of Se and Te allows us the use of their compounds in a variety of applications fields, such as for manufacturing photocells, photographic exposure meters, piezoelectric devices, and thermoelectric materials, to name a few. Considering also that the chemical-physical properties of elements result to be much more emphasized when they are assembled at the nanoscale range, huge efforts have been made to develop highly effective synthesis methods to generate Se- or Te-nanomaterials. In this context, the present book chapter will explore the most used chemical and/or physical methods exploited to generate different morphologies of metalloid-nanostructures, focusing also the attention on the major advantages, drawbacks as well as the safety related to these synthetic procedures.
Graphical Abstract: Overview of the chemical and physical methods commonly used to produce various Se- and/or Te-based nanomaterials.
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