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Da Silva D, van Rensburg MJ, Crous A, Abrahamse H. Photobiomodulation: a novel approach to promote trans-differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into neuronal-like cells. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:598-608. [PMID: 38819070 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202502000-00035/figure1/v/2024-05-28T214302Z/r/image-tiff Photobiomodulation, originally used red and near-infrared lasers, can alter cellular metabolism. It has been demonstrated that the visible spectrum at 451-540 nm does not necessarily increase cell proliferation, near-infrared light promotes adipose stem cell proliferation and affects adipose stem cell migration, which is necessary for the cells homing to the site of injury. In this in vitro study, we explored the potential of adipose-derived stem cells to differentiate into neurons for future translational regenerative treatments in neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries. We investigated the effects of various biological and chemical inducers on trans-differentiation and evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation using 825 nm near-infrared and 525 nm green laser light at 5 J/cm2. As adipose-derived stem cells can be used in autologous grafting and photobiomodulation has been shown to have biostimulatory effects. Our findings reveal that adipose-derived stem cells can indeed trans-differentiate into neuronal cells when exposed to inducers, with pre-induced cells exhibiting higher rates of proliferation and trans-differentiation compared with the control group. Interestingly, green laser light stimulation led to notable morphological changes indicative of enhanced trans-differentiation, while near-infrared photobiomodulation notably increased the expression of neuronal markers. Through biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we observed marked improvements in viability, proliferation, membrane permeability, and mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as increased protein levels of neuron-specific enolase and ciliary neurotrophic factor. Overall, our results demonstrate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in enhancing the trans-differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells, offering promising prospects for their use in regenerative medicine for neurodegenerative disorders and brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Da Silva
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Dani S, Schütz K, Dikici E, Bernhardt A, Lode A. The effect of continuous long-term illumination with visible light in different spectral ranges on mammalian cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9444. [PMID: 38658667 PMCID: PMC11043379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is to ensure oxygen supply of cells in the (temporary) absence of vasculature. With the vision to exploit photosynthetic oxygen production by microalgae, co-cultivated in close vicinity to oxygen-consuming mammalian cells, we are searching for culture conditions that are compatible for both sides. Herein, we investigated the impact of long-term illumination on mammalian cells which is essential to enable photosynthesis by microalgae: four different cell types-primary human fibroblasts, dental pulp stem cells, and osteoblasts as well as the murine beta-cell line INS-1-were continuously exposed to warm white light, red or blue light over seven days. We observed that illumination with red light has no adverse effects on viability, metabolic activity and growth of the cells whereas exposure to white light has deleterious effects that can be attributed to its blue light portion. Quantification of intracellular glutathione did not reveal a clear correlation of this effect with an enhanced production of reactive oxygen species. Finally, our data indicate that the cytotoxic effect of short-wavelength light is predominantly a direct effect of cell illumination; photo-induced changes in the cell culture media play only a minor role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Dani
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathleen Schütz
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ezgi Dikici
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Soliman J, Elsanadi R, Messele F, Kelly KM. The effect of combined red, blue, and near-infrared light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation therapy on speed of wound healing after superficial ablative fractional resurfacing. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:94. [PMID: 38532146 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Objective of the study is to assess the effects of wound healing with a commercially available light emitting diode (LED) photo biomodulation (PBM) device that emits three wavelengths (465, 640 and 880nm) after ablative fractional laser (AFL) treatment to healthy skin on the bilateral inner biceps. We conducted a prospective intraindividual randomized controlled study with 25 volunteers. AFL treatment was performed on healthy skin of the bilateral inner biceps. Subjects applied the LED light device for 30 min to the assigned bicep 3 times a week over 4 weeks, beginning on day 0. Subjects were followed up on days 2, 4, 6, 9, 13, 20 and 27 for treatment with the PBM device, clinical digital photography of the test and control sites, and in-person subject assessment, with follow ups on days 34 and 55 for clinical photography and assessment. Three blinded evaluators were asked to determine which bicep healed faster between day 0 to day 13. Pain, discomfort, and itch were also assessed. The three blinded evaluators chose the treatment arm as the faster healed arm in greater than 50% of the images, although the results were not statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference between test and control arms in terms of pain, discomfort and itch. In conclusion, PBM therapy has the potential to improve wound healing. In this study, a three wavelength PBM device resulted in some subjects achieving faster healing after AFL but the results were not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Soliman
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, 118 Medical Surge I, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Rachel Elsanadi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, 118 Medical Surge I, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Feben Messele
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, 118 Medical Surge I, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Kristen M Kelly
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, 118 Medical Surge I, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Homayouni A, Rezaie Rad M, Barikani H, Chiniforush N, Akbari S. Effect of 980 nm photobiomodulation delivered by a handpiece with Gaussian vs. Flat-Top profiles on proliferation and differentiation of buccal fat pad stem cells. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 38462542 DOI: 10.1111/php.13929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the Gaussian and Flat-Top profiles in proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell of buccal fat pad. Based on the timing schedule and type of laser handpieces, the cells were assigned to a control group with no radiation, and two irradiation test groups (980 nm) with Flat-Top (F) (power of 1.1 W, beam area of 1 cm2 ) and standard Gaussian (G) (power of 0.7 W, beam area of 0.5 cm2 ) handpieces. Each test group was divided into three subgroups, receiving one time (60 J/cm2 ), two times (120 J/cm2 ), and three times (180 J/cm2 ) irradiation. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Annexin V tests were performed. The Alizarin Red staining and polymerase chain reaction tests were done both at the beginning and the end of the first and second weeks. The degree of mineralization and expression of osteogenic markers, RUNX2, OCN, and OPN were evaluated. Based on the MTT and Annexin V test results, both test groups outperformed the control group in degrees of cell proliferation during the first day of laser irradiation (p < 0.05). After one and two times irradiation, the expression of osteogenic markers in the test groups was significantly higher than the control group. PBM with Flat-Top and Gaussian handpieces can enhance ossification and cell differentiation regardless of the type of handpieces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Homayouni
- Periodontics Department, Dental Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rezaie Rad
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Barikani
- Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Dental Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Solmaz Akbari
- Dental Implant Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Periodontics Department, Dental Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Alam M, Karami S, Mohammadikhah M, Badkoobeh A, Golkar M, Abbasi K, Soufdoost RS, Hakim LK, Talebi S, Namanloo RA, Hussain A, Heboyan A, Tebyaniyan H. The effect of photobiomodulation therapy in common maxillofacial injuries: Current status. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3951. [PMID: 38349051 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The use of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) may be used for treating trauma to the maxillofacial region. The effects of PBMT on maxillofacial injuries were discussed in this review article. The electronic databases Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched. This review included in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies describing how PBMT can be used in maxillofacial tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Some studies suggest that PBMT may offer a promising therapy for traumatic maxillofacial injuries because it can stimulate the differentiation and proliferation of various cells, including dental pulp cells and mesenchymal stem cells, enhancing bone regeneration and osseointegration. PBMT reduces pain and swelling after oral surgery and tooth extraction in human and animal models of maxillofacial injuries. Patients with temporomandibular disorders also benefit from PBMT in terms of reduced inflammation and symptoms. PBMT still has some limitations, such as the need for standardizing parameters. PBMT must also be evaluated further in randomized controlled trials in various maxillofacial injuries. As a result, PBMT offers a safe and noninvasive treatment option for patients suffering from traumatic maxillofacial injuries. PBMT still requires further research to establish its efficacy in clinical practice and determine the optimal parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Alam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Mohammadikhah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ashkan Badkoobeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohsen Golkar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Abbasi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Sahar Talebi
- Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Ahmed Hussain
- School of Dentistry, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Artak Heboyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Hamid Tebyaniyan
- Department of Science and Research, Islimic Azade University, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang H, Zhang C, Pan L, Chen Y, Bian Z, Yang Y, Ke T, Sun W, Chen L, Tan J. Low-level Nd:YAG laser inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress in human gingival fibroblasts via AMPK/SIRT3 axis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 251:112845. [PMID: 38244301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Photobiomodulation is extensively employed in the management of chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study used low-level Nd:YAG laser to investigate the mechanism of photobiomodulation as well as the role of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Sirtuins (SIRT) 3 in it, providing new clues for the treatment of periodontitis. METHODS Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were extracted from gingiva and stimulated with LPS. The suitable parameters of Nd:YAG laser were chosen for subsequent experiments by detecting cell viability. We assessed the level of inflammation and oxidative stress as well as AMPK and SIRT3. The mechanism for AMPK targeting SIRT3 modulating the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of photobiomodulation was explored by the AMPK inhibitor (Compound C) test, cell transfection, western blot, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS HGFs were isolated and identified, followed by the identification of optimal Nd:YAG laser parameters (60 mJ, 15 Hz, 10s) for subsequent experimentation. With this laser, inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, COX2, and iNOS) decreased as well as the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NFκB-P65. SOD2 was up-regulated but reactive oxygen species (ROS) was down-regulated. The laser treatment exhibited enhancements in AMPK phosphorylation and SIRT3 expression. The above effects could all be reversed by Compound C. Silencing AMPK or SIRT3 by siRNA, the down-regulation of COX2, iNOS, and ROS by laser was inhibited. SIRT3 was down-regulated when the AMPK was silenced. CONCLUSION Low-level Nd:YAG laser activated AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway, facilitating the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizheng Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyi Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lai Pan
- Dental Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zirui Bian
- Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Ke
- Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilian Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China..
| | - Jingyi Tan
- Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China..
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Seyyedin S, Ezzatabadipour M, Nematollahi-Mahani SN. The Role of Various Factors in Neural Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells with a Special Focus on the Physical Stimulants. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:166-177. [PMID: 36734908 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230124151311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord matrix-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMs) are considered as ideal tools for cell therapy procedures and regenerative medicine. The capacity of these cells to differentiate into neural lineage cells make them potentially important in the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases. An electronic search was performed in Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Google Scholar databases for articles published from January 1990 to March 2022. This review discusses the current knowledge on the effect of various factors, including physical, chemical and biological stimuli which play a key role in the differentiation of hUCMs into neural and glial cells. Moreover, the currently understood molecular mechanisms involved in the neural differentiation of hUCMs under various environmental stimuli are reviewed. Various stimuli, especially physical stimuli and specifically different light sources, have revealed effects on neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, including hUCMs; however, due to the lack of information about the exact mechanisms, there is still a need to find optimal conditions to promote the differentiation capacity of these cells which in turn can lead to significant progress in the clinical application of hUCMs for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Seyyedin
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Massood Ezzatabadipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyed Noureddin Nematollahi-Mahani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Murugan NJ, Cariba S, Abeygunawardena S, Rouleau N, Payne SL. Biophysical control of plasticity and patterning in regeneration and cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 81:9. [PMID: 38099951 PMCID: PMC10724343 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Cells and tissues display a remarkable range of plasticity and tissue-patterning activities that are emergent of complex signaling dynamics within their microenvironments. These properties, which when operating normally guide embryogenesis and regeneration, become highly disordered in diseases such as cancer. While morphogens and other molecular factors help determine the shapes of tissues and their patterned cellular organization, the parallel contributions of biophysical control mechanisms must be considered to accurately predict and model important processes such as growth, maturation, injury, repair, and senescence. We now know that mechanical, optical, electric, and electromagnetic signals are integral to cellular plasticity and tissue patterning. Because biophysical modalities underly interactions between cells and their extracellular matrices, including cell cycle, metabolism, migration, and differentiation, their applications as tuning dials for regenerative and anti-cancer therapies are being rapidly exploited. Despite this, the importance of cellular communication through biophysical signaling remains disproportionately underrepresented in the literature. Here, we provide a review of biophysical signaling modalities and known mechanisms that initiate, modulate, or inhibit plasticity and tissue patterning in models of regeneration and cancer. We also discuss current approaches in biomedical engineering that harness biophysical control mechanisms to model, characterize, diagnose, and treat disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirosha J Murugan
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
| | - Solsa Cariba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Nicolas Rouleau
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Samantha L Payne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Albaqami M, Aguida B, Pourmostafa A, Ahmad M, Kishore V. Photobiomodulation effects of blue light on osteogenesis are induced by reactive oxygen species. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 39:5. [PMID: 38091111 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03951-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Blue light-mediated photobiomodulation (PBM) is a promising approach to promote osteogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of PBM in osteogenesis are poorly understood. In this study, a human osteosarcoma cell line (i.e., Saos-2 cells) was subjected to intermittent blue light exposure (2500 µM/m2/s, 70 mW/cm2, 4.2 J/cm2, once every 48 h) and the effects on Saos-2 cell viability, metabolic activity, differentiation, and mineralization were investigated. In addition, this study addressed a possible role of blue light induced cellular oxidative stress as a mechanism for enhanced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. Results showed that Saos-2 cell viability and metabolic activity were maintained upon blue light exposure compared to unilluminated controls, indicating no negative effects. To the contrary, blue light exposure significantly increased (p < 0.05) alkaline phosphatase activity and Saos-2 cell mediated mineralization. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay was used for measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity and showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in superoxide (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formed after blue light exposure. Together, these results suggest that the beneficial effects of blue light-mediated PBM on osteogenesis may be induced by controlled release of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Albaqami
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Blanche Aguida
- UMR8256, CNRS, IBPS, Sorbonne, Université, Paris, France
| | - Ayda Pourmostafa
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- UMR8256, CNRS, IBPS, Sorbonne, Université, Paris, France
| | - Vipuil Kishore
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA.
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Da Silva D, Crous A, Abrahamse H. Enhancing osteogenic differentiation in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells with Near Infra-Red and Green Photobiomodulation. Regen Ther 2023; 24:602-616. [PMID: 38034860 PMCID: PMC10682681 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, osteoporosis is the utmost predominant degenerative bone condition. Stem cell regenerative therapy using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) is a promising therapeutic route for osteoporosis. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has sparked considerable international appeal due to its' ability to augment stem cell proliferation and differentiation properties. Furthermore, the differentiation of ADMSCs into osteoblast cells and cellular proliferation effects have been established using a combination of osteogenic differentiation inducers and PBM. This in vitro study applied dexamethasone, β-glycerophosphate disodium, and ascorbic acid as differentiation inducers for osteogenic induction differentiation media. In addition, PBM at a near-infrared (NIR) wavelength of 825 nm, a green (G) wavelength of 525 nm, and the novel combination of both these wavelengths using a single fluence of 5 J/cm2 had been applied to stimulate proliferation and differentiation effectivity of immortalised ADMSCs into early osteoblasts. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to identify osteoblast antigens using early and late osteoblast protein markers. Alizarin red Stain was employed to identify calcium-rich deposits by cells within culture. The morphology of the cells was examined, and biochemical assays such as an EdU proliferation assay, MTT proliferation and viability assay, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential assay, and Reactive Oxygen Species assay were performed. The Central Scratch Test determined the cells' motility potential. The investigative outcomes revealed that a combination of PBM treatment and osteogenic differentiation inducers stimulated promising early osteogenic differentiation of immortalised ADMSCs. The NIR-Green PBM combination did appear to offer great potential for immortalised ADMSC differentiation into early osteoblasts amongst selected assays, however, further investigations will be required to establish the effectivity of this novel wavelength combination. This research contributes to the body of knowledge and assists in the establishment of a standard for osteogenic differentiation in vitro utilising PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Da Silva
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Anine Crous
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
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Takemura S, Mizutani K, Mikami R, Nakagawa K, Hakariya M, Sakaniwa E, Saito N, Kominato H, Kido D, Takeda K, Aoki A, Iwata T. Enhanced periodontal tissue healing via vascular endothelial growth factor expression following low-level erbium-doped: yttrium, aluminum, and garnet laser irradiation: In vitro and in vivo studies. J Periodontol 2023. [PMID: 38009257 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-level erbium-doped: yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation on periodontal tissue healing and regeneration through angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro studies. METHODS Intrabony defects were surgically created in the bilateral maxilla molar of rats. The defects were treated by open flap debridement (OFD) with Er:YAG laser, including low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) to bone and blood clot surfaces, or conventional procedures. The mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the surgical sites was quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The decalcified specimens were prepared for histometric analysis. Also, LLLI was performed on human umbilical vein endothelial cells to evaluate the effects on angiogenesis. Cell proliferation, VEGF expression, and tube formation were assessed. In addition, capsazepine (CPZ), a selective inhibitor of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), treatment was performed before LLLI for the same assays. RESULTS OFD using Er:YAG laser did not generate thermal damage on bone or root surfaces. LLLI accelerated hemostasis by coagulation of the superficial layers of blood clots in the laser-treated group. Postoperative healing was sound in all animals in both groups. VEGF expression and bone formation were significantly increased in the laser-treated group compared to those in the conventional treatment group. In vitro, cell proliferation and VEGF expression were significantly increased in the LLLI group compared to the control group. Tube-formation assays showed that LLLI significantly promoted angiogenesis. CPZ treatment significantly suppressed VEGF expression and tube formation following LLLI. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that Er:YAG laser irradiation may promote periodontal tissue healing by enhancing angiogenetic effect of endothelial cells via TRPV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Takemura
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risako Mikami
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Nakagawa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hakariya
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Sakaniwa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kominato
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kido
- Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Takeda
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Li H, Wang S, Hui Y, Ren Y, Li J, Lan X, Wang Y. The implication of blue light-emitting diode on mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:267. [PMID: 37981584 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The application of blue light (400-480 nm) in photobiotherapy remains controversial. This systematic review aimed to collect and analyze the biological effects of blue light-emitting diode (LED) on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were formulated, and relevant English articles from January 1982 to September 2022 were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Nine articles with a medium (n = 4) to low (n = 5) risk of bias were included. Most of the MSCs reported were derived from human tissue; only one article used MSCs derived from mouse. The wavelength of the LED used was in the 400-480 nm range, and the irradiation modes were continuous (n = 8) and pulse waves (n = 1). A chiral polarizer was used in one such study in which the irradiance was 14 mW/cm2 and the irradiation time was 24 h. The energy densities used in other studies were between 0.378 and 72 J/cm2, and the irradiation times were between 10 and 3600 s. Blue LED light can inhibit proliferation and promote differentiation of MSCs in an appropriate energy density range, which may be related to the activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). Additionally, polarized light may reduce the toxic effects of blue light on MSCs. However, the heterogeneity of the design schemes and LED parameters, as well as the small number of studies, limited the conclusiveness of the review. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine the optimal irradiation strategy for promoting MSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Preventive Health Care, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Shifen Wang
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yining Hui
- Southwest Medical University School of Clinical Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yajiao Ren
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xiaorong Lan
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Preventive Health Care, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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13
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Waki Y, Saito Y, Chen S, Ikemoto T, Noma T, Teraoku H, Yamada S, Morine Y, Shimada M. Effects of green light-emitting diode irradiation on hepatic differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells generated from human adipose-derived mesenchymal cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19954. [PMID: 37968291 PMCID: PMC10651838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45967-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation has been used in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into a variety of cell types. This study investigated the effect of green LED (GLED) irradiation on the differentiation of adipocyte-derived mesenchymal cells into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) and the mechanism of its action. HLCs in the hepatocyte maturation phase were irradiated with GLED (520 nm, 21 W/m2, 5 min/day for 10 days). The cells were then assessed for expression of hepatocyte maturity genes and opsin 3 (OPN3), hepatocyte function, viability, apoptosis, and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and calcium ions (Ca2+). GLED irradiation increased Alpha-1 antitrypsin and Ornithine transcarbamylase gene expression, promoted Cytochrome P450 3A4 activity and urea synthesis, and elevated intracellular ROS, ATP and Ca2+ levels. OPN3 expression was significantly more upregulated in GLED-irradiated HLCs than in the non-irradiated HLCs. No significant difference in cell viability or apoptosis was observed between GLED-irradiated and non-irradiated HLCs. GLED irradiation can promote hepatocyte maturation and functions through OPN3. GLED irradiation also stimulated mitochondrial function via Ca2+/ATP/ROS activation. GLED irradiation has potential to support cell-based transplantation in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Waki
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yu Saito
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Shuhai Chen
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ikemoto
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takayuki Noma
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teraoku
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuji Morine
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
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14
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Chang SY, Kim E, Carpena NT, Lee JH, Kim DH, Lee MY. Photobiomodulation Can Enhance Stem Cell Viability in Cochlea with Auditory Neuropathy but Does Not Restore Hearing. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:6845571. [PMID: 38020205 PMCID: PMC10665102 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6845571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is very difficult to treat. Currently, one of the techniques used for hearing rehabilitation is a cochlear implant that can transform sound into electrical signals instead of inner ear hair cells. However, the prognosis remains very poor if sufficient auditory nerve cells are not secured. In this study, the effect of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) and photobiomodulation (PBM) combined treatment on auditory function and auditory nerve cells in a secondary neuropathy animal model was investigated. To confirm the engraftment of stem cells in vitro, cochlear explants were treated with kanamycin (KM) to mimic nerve damage and then cocultured with GFP-mESC. GFP-mESCs were observed to have attached and integrated into the explanted samples. An animal model for secondary neurodegeneration was achieved by KM treatment and was treated by a combination therapy of GFP-mESC and NIR-PBM at 8 weeks of KM treatment. Hearing recovery by functional testing using auditory brain stem response (ABR) and eABR was measured as well as morphological changes and epifluorescence analysis were conducted after 2 weeks of combination therapy. KM treatment elevated the hearing threshold at 70-80 dB and even after the combination treatment with GFP-mESC and PBM was applied, the auditory function was not restored. In addition, the stem cells transplanted into cochlea has exponentially increased due to PBM treatment although did not produce any malignancy. This study confirmed that the combined treatment with mESC and PBM could not improve hearing or increase the response of the auditory nerve. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy in this study that the cells are distributed in most cochlear tissues and the proliferation of stem cells was very active in animals irradiated with PBM compared to other groups wherein the stem cells had disappeared immediately after transplantation or existed for only a short period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Chang
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjeong Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science & Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel T. Carpena
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Min Young Lee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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15
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Shirkavand A, Akhavan Tavakoli M, Ebrahimpour Z. A Brief Review of Low-Level Light Therapy in Depression Disorder. J Lasers Med Sci 2023; 14:e55. [PMID: 38028864 PMCID: PMC10658118 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2023.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also called Photobiomodulation, has gained widespread acceptance as a mainstream modality, particularly in the form of photobiostimulation (PBM). Here in our review, we aim to present the application of LLLT to help with depression, explore potential action mechanisms and pathways, discuss existing limitations, and address the challenges associated with its clinical implementation. Methods: In biological systems, the visible light with a wavelength range of 400-700 nm activates photoreceptors involved in vision and circadian rhythm regulation. The near-infrared (NIR) light with a wavelength range of 800-1100 nm exhibits superior tissue penetration capabilities compared to the visible light, which enables the non-invasive application of LLLT to various tissues. Results: By enhancing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production using the respiratory chain, LLLT is able to enhance blood flow, reduce inflammation, support repair and healing, and enhance stem cell growth and proliferation. Preclinical studies using animal models have shown promising neuroprotective effects of the LLLT method on central nervous system (CNS) diseases, suggesting potential improvements in brain function for patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease. In addition, it helps Parkinson's patients with their movement problems and ameliorates mental disorders in individuals with depression. Conclusion: patients' quality of life can be significantly enhanced. A comprehensive understanding of the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of LLLT will facilitate its therapeutic application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Shirkavand
- Department of Photodynamic Therapy, Medical Laser Research Center, YARA Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zeinab Ebrahimpour
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
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16
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Woo K, Park SY, Padalhin A, Ryu HS, Abueva CD. Photobiomodulation enhances M2 macrophage polarization properties of tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 246:112770. [PMID: 37579650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment using 630 nm light emitting diode (LED) array (continuous wave type, 10 mW power) on tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) and its interaction with RAW 264.7 macrophage cells via co-culture in vitro were investigated. PBM treatment was used as a priming method for TMSCs to improve therapeutic efficacy. TMSCs were subjected to multi-dose PBM treatments before co-culture with M1 activated (1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide, LPS) macrophage cells with total energy doses of 0, 15, 30, and 60 J. Irradiation set at 15 J (1500 s treatment time) was performed once, twice for 30 J, and four times for 60 J in an incubator kept at 37 °C and 5% CO2. No significant anti-inflammatory response was observed for TMSCs co-cultured with macrophage cells without PBM. But PBM treatment of TMSCs with 630 nm LED array at 30 J reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS (M1) and increased expression of Arginase-1, Arg-1 (M2) phenotype macrophage markers. Anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) gene expression also increased significantly. Based on the results, PBM priming of TMSCs supports M2 macrophage polarization. PBM can be used to improve the therapeutic efficacy of TMSCs for potential applications in oral mucositis and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Woo
- Gyeongnam International Foreign School, Sacheon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Beckman Laser Institute-Korea, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyun Seok Ryu
- Beckman Laser Institute-Korea, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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17
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Santos FP, Carvalhos CA, Figueiredo-Dias M. New Insights into Photobiomodulation of the Vaginal Microbiome-A Critical Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13507. [PMID: 37686314 PMCID: PMC10487748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new technologies such as sequencing has greatly enhanced our understanding of the human microbiome. The interactions between the human microbiome and the development of several diseases have been the subject of recent research. In-depth knowledge about the vaginal microbiome (VMB) has shown that dysbiosis is closely related to the development of gynecologic and obstetric disorders. To date, the progress in treating or modulating the VMB has lagged far behind research efforts. Photobiomodulation (PBM) uses low levels of light, usually red or near-infrared, to treat a diversity of conditions. Several studies have demonstrated that PBM can control the microbiome and improve the activity of the immune system. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the microbiome, mostly to the gut microbiome and its connections with many diseases, such as metabolic disorders, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, autoimmunity, and neurological disorders. The applicability of PBM therapeutics to treat gut dysbiosis has been studied, with promising results. The possible cellular and molecular effects of PBM on the vaginal microbiome constitute a theoretical and promising field that is starting to take its first steps. In this review, we will discuss the potential mechanisms and effects of photobiomodulation in the VMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda P. Santos
- Faculty of Medicine, Gynecology University Clinic, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.A.C.); (M.F.-D.)
- Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Gynecology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-301 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlota A. Carvalhos
- Faculty of Medicine, Gynecology University Clinic, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.A.C.); (M.F.-D.)
- Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Gynecology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Figueiredo-Dias
- Faculty of Medicine, Gynecology University Clinic, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.A.C.); (M.F.-D.)
- Clinical and Academic Centre of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Gynecology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-301 Coimbra, Portugal
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18
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Wang X, Liu Q, Peng J, Song W, Zhao J, Chen L. The Effects and Mechanisms of PBM Therapy in Accelerating Orthodontic Tooth Movement. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1140. [PMID: 37509176 PMCID: PMC10377711 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Malocclusion is one of the three major diseases, the incidence of which could reach 56% of the imperiled oral and systemic health in the world today. Orthodontics is still the primary method to solve the problem. However, it is clear that many orthodontic complications are associated with courses of long-term therapy. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy could be used as a popular way to shorten the course of orthodontic treatment by nearly 26% to 40%. In this review, the efficacy in cells and animals, mechanisms, relevant cytokines and signaling, clinical trials and applications, and the future developments of PBM therapy in orthodontics were evaluated to demonstrate its validity. Simultaneously, based on orthodontic mechanisms and present findings, the mechanisms of acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) caused by PBM therapy were explored in relation to four aspects, including blood vessels, inflammatory response, collagen and fibers, and mineralized tissues. Also, the cooperative effects and clinical translation of PBM therapy in orthodontics have been explored in a growing numbers of studies. Up to now, PBM therapy has been gaining popularity for its non-invasive nature, easy operation, and painless procedures. However, the validity and exact mechanism of PBM therapy as an adjuvant treatment in orthodontics have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this review summarizes the efficacy of PBM therapy on the acceleration of OTM comprehensively from various aspects and was designed to provide an evidence-based platform for the research and development of light-related orthodontic tooth movement acceleration devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wencheng Song
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
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19
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Araújo GLB, Soares LGP, Santos AS, Cangussú MCT, Dos Santos JN, Pinheiro ALB. Effects of Violet and IR LED Light on mast cell degranulation: in vivo study in a murine model. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:159. [PMID: 37442837 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03825-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of IR (λ850 ± 10 nm) and violet (λ405 ± 10 nm) LED phototherapy on total mast cells counts and its ability to influence mast cell degranulation. For this, 27 Wistar rats were used and were randomly distributed into three groups: control, IR LED, and violet LED. When indicated, irradiation done and they were sacrificed, had their tongue removed immediately, 20-min, 45-min, and 2-h after irradiation. Samples were processed to wax, cut, and stained with Toluidine Blue. Intact and degranulated mast cells were counted under light microscopy, and statistical analysis was carried out. In the superficial connective tissue and muscular tissues, violet LED light caused a significant increase in both total number and degranulated mast cells when compared to the control group immediately after irradiation. The degranulation indexes were higher in the groups irradiated with Violet light, both in superficial connective tissue and muscular tissues in relation to the timing. Irradiation with IR LED caused immediate increase in the total number and degranulated of mast cells when compared to the control group only in the superficial connective tissue. In all times observed, the highest total amount of mast cells was seen immediately after irradiation, except in the muscular tissue, which presented the highest amount after 20-min. It was concluded that IR and violet LED light were able to increase the number of mast cells and inducing degranulation in oral mucosa. However, considering that violet LED light can be harmful in periodontal disease, it seems that the use of IR LED light could be the best option in Dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyza Lopes Borges Araújo
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, 62, Araujo Pinho Ave, Canela, Salvador, BA, CEP 40110-150, Brazil
| | - Luiz Guilherme Pinheiro Soares
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, 62, Araujo Pinho Ave, Canela, Salvador, BA, CEP 40110-150, Brazil
- Center for Orthodontics and Facial Orthopedics Prof. José Édimo Soares Martins, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, 62, Araujo Pinho Ave, Canela, Salvador, BA, CEP 40110-150, Brazil
| | - Amanda Silva Santos
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, 62, Araujo Pinho Ave, Canela, Salvador, BA, CEP 40110-150, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Teixeira Cangussú
- Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, 62, Araujo Pinho Ave, Canela, Salvador, BA, CEP 40110-150, Brazil
| | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, 62, Araujo Pinho Ave, Canela, Salvador, BA, CEP 40110-150, Brazil
| | - Antônio Luiz Barbosa Pinheiro
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, 62, Araujo Pinho Ave, Canela, Salvador, BA, CEP 40110-150, Brazil.
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20
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Kim HB, Kang MH, Baik KY, Kim JE, Park SB, Choung PH, Chung JH. Integration of blue light with near-infrared irradiation accelerates the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 245:112752. [PMID: 37451155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Blue light is used less in photobiomodulation than red or near-infrared light because of concerns about its high energy. However, some reports have suggested that blue light releases NO from nitrosated proteins, affects cell signal regulation, and promotes stem cell differentiation. Because blue and red lights could have different mechanisms of action, their combination is expected to have new consequences. In this study, human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were sequentially exposed to blue and near-infrared light to study their effects on proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and immunomodulation. We found that NIR irradiation applied after blue light can reduce blue light toxicity improving the cell viabiltiy. Delayed luminescence and transmission electron microscopy studies showed that this combination excited hDPSCs and activated mitochondrial biogenesis. Those modulations accelerated hDPSC differentiation, as shown by an increase of about 1.3-fold in alkaline phosphatase activity in vitro and an about 1.5-fold increase in the osteocalcin-positive regions in cells implanted in nude mice compared with mice exposed to near-infrared alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Bae Kim
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Ho Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ku Youn Baik
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Eun Kim
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Bae Park
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Pill-Hoon Choung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Chung
- Department of Biosystems & Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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21
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da Silva TG, Ribeiro RS, Mencalha AL, de Souza Fonseca A. Photobiomodulation at molecular, cellular, and systemic levels. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:136. [PMID: 37310556 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the reporting of Endre Mester's results, researchers have investigated the biological effects induced by non-ionizing radiation emitted from low-power lasers. Recently, owing to the use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the term photobiomodulation (PBM) has been used. However, the molecular, cellular, and systemic effects involved in PBM are still under investigation, and a better understanding of these effects could improve clinical safety and efficacy. Our aim was to review the molecular, cellular, and systemic effects involved in PBM to elucidate the levels of biological complexity. PBM occurs as a consequence of photon-photoacceptor interactions, which lead to the production of trigger molecules capable of inducing signaling, effector molecules, and transcription factors, which feature it at the molecular level. These molecules and factors are responsible for cellular effects, such as cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis, which feature PBM at the cellular level. Finally, molecular and cellular effects are responsible for systemic effects, such as modulation of the inflammatory process, promotion of tissue repair and wound healing, reduction of edema and pain, and improvement of muscle performance, which features PBM at the systemic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayssa Gomes da Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Vila Isabel, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil.
| | - Rickson Souza Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Vila Isabel, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil
| | - Andre Luiz Mencalha
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Vila Isabel, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil
| | - Adenilson de Souza Fonseca
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Vila Isabel, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, Rio de Janeiro, 20551030, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro, 20211040, Brazil
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22
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de Farias CS, Garcez AS, Teixeira LN, Suzuki SS. In vitro effects of photobiomodulation on cell migration and gene expression of ALP, COL-1, RUNX-2, and osterix in cementoblasts. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:121. [PMID: 37160506 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on cell migration and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen (Col-1), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2), and Osterix (OSX) gene expression in a cementoblast culture (OCCM-30), in a microenvironment mimicking an injury on the cementoblast layer, such as it occurs during root resorption. For this, OCCM-30 cells were cultured in 6-well plates and the following parameters were assayed: (1) migration by scratch assay and ALP, Col-1, Runx2, and Osx by real-time PCR. PBM was performed in two protocols using a LED device emitting light at 660 nm (± 30 nm). OCCM-30 cementoblasts were grown and divided into four groups: (1) negative control; (2) positive control (scratch); (3) scratch + PBM with a total energy of 36 J and energy density 1.6 J/cm2; and (4) scratch + PBM with a total energy of 72 J and energy density of 3.2 J/cm2. Data were statistically analyzed, with the level of significance set at 5%. Cementoblasts migrated from the edge of the scratch toward the center, and the wound closed after 24 h, with the PBM3.2J/cm2 group showing the higher cell migration compared with the other groups at 2 h, 6 h, 8 h, and 13 h (p < 0.05). The control and PBM1.6J/cm2 groups showed similar levels of cell migration, with no significant differences (p > 0.05). PBM3.2J/cm2 group exhibited greater ALP, Col-1, OSX, and RUNX2 in comparison with the other experimental groups (p < 0.05). Similar levels of all genes evaluated were observed between the PBM1.6J/cm2 group and the positive control group (p > 0.05). In conclusion, our findings support the effectiveness of photobiomodulation on cementoblast migration and gene expression, which may contribute to the formation of a new cementum layer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aguinaldo Silva Garcez
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Division of Oral Medicine, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mai Q, Han Y, Cheng G, Ma R, Yan Z, Chen X, Yu G, Chen T, Zhang S. Innovative Strategies for Hair Regrowth and Skin Visualization. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041201. [PMID: 37111686 PMCID: PMC10141228 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, about 50% of men and 15-30% of women are estimated to face hair-related problems, which create a significant psychological burden. Conventional treatments, including drug therapy and transplantation, remain the main strategies for the clinical management of these problems. However, these treatments are hindered by challenges such as drug-induced adverse effects and poor drug penetration due to the skin's barrier. Therefore, various efforts have been undertaken to enhance drug permeation based on the mechanisms of hair regrowth. Notably, understanding the delivery and diffusion of topically administered drugs is essential in hair loss research. This review focuses on the advancement of transdermal strategies for hair regrowth, particularly those involving external stimulation and regeneration (topical administration) as well as microneedles (transdermal delivery). Furthermore, it also describes the natural products that have become alternative agents to prevent hair loss. In addition, given that skin visualization is necessary for hair regrowth as it provides information on drug localization within the skin's structure, this review also discusses skin visualization strategies. Finally, it details the relevant patents and clinical trials in these areas. Together, this review highlights the innovative strategies for skin visualization and hair regrowth, aiming to provide novel ideas to researchers studying hair regrowth in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Mai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Center for New Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanhua Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Center for New Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guopan Cheng
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Zhao Yan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiaojia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Guangtao Yu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Tongkai Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Center for New Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Ryu JH, Park J, Kim JW, Shin YI, Lee SD, Oh Y, Kang SW. Exploring the Effects of 630 nm Wavelength of Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation on the Proliferation and Migration Ability of Human Biceps Tendon Fibroblast Cells. Clin Orthop Surg 2023; 15:166-174. [PMID: 36779000 PMCID: PMC9880516 DOI: 10.4055/cios22132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Light-emitting diode (LED)-based photobiomodulation is used as an inducer of cell regeneration. Although numerous in vitro and in vivo orthopedic studies have been conducted, the ideal LED wavelength range for tendon healing has not yet been determined. This study, thus, focused on the effects of LED of a 630 nm wavelength on the cell viability, proliferation, and migration of human biceps tendon fibroblast cells. Methods Human tendon fibroblast cell culture was performed using the biceps tendon of patients who had undergone biceps tenodesis. Human biceps tendon fibroblasts from two patients (male, aged 42 and 69 years) were isolated and cultured. The cell type was confirmed by a morphological analysis and using tendon and fibroblast specific markers. They were then split into three groups, with each receiving a different irradiation treatment: no LED treatment (control), 630 nm LED, and 630 nm + 880 nm LED for 20 minutes each. After the LED treatment, cell viability, proliferation, and migration assays were performed, and the results were compared between the groups. Results Twenty-four hours after LED treatment, cell viability and proliferation were significantly increased in the 630 nm LED and 630 nm + 880 nm LED treatment groups compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05). Under the same conditions, compared with the control group, the 630 nm LED alone treatment group showed a 3.06 ± 0.21 times higher cell migration rate (p < 0.05), and the 630 nm + 880 nm LED combination treatment group showed a 2.88 ± 0.20 times higher cell migration rate (p < 0.05) in three-dimensional migration assay. Conclusions In human tendon fibroblast cells, 20 minutes of LED treatment at 630 nm and 630 nm + 880 nm exhibited significant effects on cell proliferation and migration. Our findings suggest the potential of LED therapy as an adjuvant treatment for tendon healing, and hence, further research is warranted to standardize the various parameters to further develop and establish this as a reliable treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Ryu
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jisu Park
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yong-Il Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sang Don Lee
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Youngkwang Oh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Suk-Woong Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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Role of opsins and light or heat activated transient receptor potential ion channels in the mechanisms of photobiomodulation and infrared therapy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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26
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Fekrazad S, Sohrabi M, Fekrazad R. Angiogenetic and anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation on bone regeneration in rat: A histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 238:112599. [PMID: 36493717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Post-surgical bone defects require new alternative approaches for a better healing process. For this matter, photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been used in order to improve the process of healing, pain, and inflammation reduction and tissue rejuvenation. This study is set to evaluate the effect of PBMT on angiogenic and inflammatory factors for bone regeneration in rat post-surgical cranial defects. Thirty male Wistar rats were distributed accidentally into two groups (Subdivided into 3 groups according to their follow-up durations). During operation, an 8-mm critical-sized calvarial defect was made in each rat. A continuous diode laser was used (power density 100 mW/cm2, wavelength 810 nm, the energy density of 4 J/cm2). Bone samples were assessed histomorphometrically and histologically after hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. ALP, PTGIR, OCN, and IL-1 levels were measured by RT-PCR. VEGF expression was studied by immunohistochemistry analysis. The level of IL-1 expression decreased significantly in the PBMT group compared to the control after 7 days (p < 0.05), while, the PTGIR level was improved significantly compared to the control group after 7 days. Furthermore, levels of OCN and ALP improved after PBM use; however, the alterations were not statistically meaningful (p > 0.05). Evaluation with IHC displayed a significant rise in VEGF expression after 3 days in the PBMT group compared to the control (p > 0.05). In this study's conditions, the results showed a meaningful alteration in osteogenic, inflammatory, and angiogenic mediators in post-surgical calvarial defect following PBMT. It appears that PBM can accelerate angiogenesis in the bone healing procedure which can be helpful in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Fekrazad
- Department of General Surgery, Subdivision of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Sohrabi
- Department of Pediatrics, Dental School, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences - International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Sutterby E, Chheang C, Thurgood P, Khoshmanesh K, Baratchi S, Pirogova E. Investigating the effects of low intensity visible light on human keratinocytes using a customized LED exposure system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18907. [PMID: 36344673 PMCID: PMC9640685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) refers to the use of light to modulate cellular processes, and has demonstrated utility in improving wound healing outcomes, and reducing pain and inflammation. Despite the potential benefits of PBM, the precise molecular mechanisms through which it influences cell behavior are not yet well understood. Inconsistent reporting of key light parameters has created uncertainty around optimal exposure profiles. In addition, very low intensities of light, < 0.1 J/cm2, have not been thoroughly examined for their use in PBM. Here, we present a custom-made compact, and modular LED-based exposure system for studying the effects of very low-intensity visible light (cell proliferation, migration, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane potential) of three different wavelengths in a parallel manner. The device allows for six repeats of three different exposure conditions plus a non-irradiated control on a single 24-well plate. The immortalised human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT, was selected as a major cellular component of the skin epidermal barrier. Furthermore, an in vitro wound model was developed by allowing the HaCaT to form a confluent monolayer, then scratching the cells with a pipette tip to form a wound. Cells were exposed to yellow (585 nm, 0.09 mW, ~ 3.7 mJ/cm2), orange (610 nm, 0.8 mW, ~ 31 mJ/cm2), and red (660 nm, 0.8 mW, ~ 31 mJ/cm2) light for 10 min. 48 h post-irradiation, immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate cell viability, proliferation, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane potential. The results demonstrate increased proliferation and decreased scratch area for all exposure conditions, however only red light increased the mitochondrial activity. Oxidative stress levels did not increase for any of the exposures. The present exposure system provides opportunities to better understand the complex cellular mechanisms driven by the irradiation of skin cells with visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sutterby
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Chanly Chheang
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC Australia
| | - Peter Thurgood
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Khashayar Khoshmanesh
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Sara Baratchi
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC Australia
| | - Elena Pirogova
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
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Liu S, Chen D, Xie Z, Zhao S, Tang W, He H, Ho YP, Ho HP, Kong SK. A high spatial resolution osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells induced by femtosecond laser. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202200144. [PMID: 35852043 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A variety of physical and chemical methods have been developed in research laboratories for the induction of stem cell differentiation. However, the use of exogenous chemicals and materials may limit their widespread utility in clinics. To develop a clean and precise induction approach with minimal invasion, we reported here that 1-second stimulation by a tightly focused femtosecond laser (fsL) (140 mW/μm2 , 200 fs) can modulate the signaling systems in human mesenchymal cells, such as intracellular calcium and reactive oxygen species. Upon stimulation on an automatic platform, hMSCs were found to express osteoblastic markers and form calcium-rich deposits. Moreover, tissue mineralization was observed when the fsL-illuminated hMSCs were ectopically transplanted into nude mice. Collectively, we described a novel and non-contact optical stimulation method for cell differentiation with high spatiotemporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Liu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Dihan Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Zhenming Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Shirui Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wanyi Tang
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao He
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ping Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ho-Pui Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Siu-Kai Kong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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Wu C, Yang L, Feng S, Zhu L, Yang L, Liu TCY, Duan R. Therapeutic non-invasive brain treatments in Alzheimer's disease: recent advances and challenges. Inflamm Regen 2022; 42:31. [PMID: 36184623 PMCID: PMC9527145 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-022-00216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major neurodegenerative diseases and the most common form of dementia. Characterized by the loss of learning, memory, problem-solving, language, and other thinking abilities, AD exerts a detrimental effect on both patients' and families' quality of life. Although there have been significant advances in understanding the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis and progression of AD, there is no cure for AD. The failure of numerous molecular targeted pharmacologic clinical trials leads to an emerging research shift toward non-invasive therapies, especially multiple targeted non-invasive treatments. In this paper, we reviewed the advances of the most widely studied non-invasive therapies, including photobiomodulation (PBM), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and exercise therapy. Firstly, we reviewed the pathological changes of AD and the challenges for AD studies. We then introduced these non-invasive therapies and discussed the factors that may affect the effects of these therapies. Additionally, we review the effects of these therapies and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Finally, we summarized the challenges of the non-invasive treatments in future AD studies and clinical applications. We concluded that it would be critical to understand the exact underlying mechanisms and find the optimal treatment parameters to improve the translational value of these non-invasive therapies. Moreover, the combined use of non-invasive treatments is also a promising research direction for future studies and sheds light on the future treatment or prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luoman Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital (PUTH), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shu Feng
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Rui Duan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Giolo FP, Santos GS, Pacheco VF, Huber SC, Malange KF, Rodrigues BL, Bassora F, Mosaner T, Azzini G, Ribeiro LL, Parada CA, Lana JFSD. Photobiomodulation therapy for osteoarthritis: Mechanisms of action. World J Transl Med 2022; 10:29-42. [DOI: 10.5528/wjtm.v10.i3.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive therapeutic modality with demonstrated effects in many fields related to regenerative medicine. In the field of orthopedics, in particular, PBM at various wavelengths has demonstrated the capacity to trigger multiple biological effects associated with protective mechanisms in musculoskeletal tissues. The articles cited in this review show that devices operating close to or within the near infrared range at low intensities can provoke responses which favor the shift in the predominant catabolic microenvironment typically seen in degenerative joint diseases, especially osteoarthritis (OA). These responses include proliferation, differentiation and expression of proteins associated with stable cell cycles. Additionally, PBM can also modulate oxidative stress, inflammation and pain by exerting regulatory effects on immune cells and blocking the transmission of pain through sensory neuron fibers, without adverse events. Collectively, these effects are essential in order to control the progression of OA, which is in part attributed to exacerbated inflammation and degradative enzymatic reactions which gradually contribute to the destruction of joint tissues. PBM may offer medical experts ease of application, financial viability, efficacy and lack of serious adverse events. Therefore, it may prove to be a suitable ally in the management of mild to moderate degrees of OA. This review explores and discusses the principal biological mechanisms of PBM and how the produced effects may contribute to the amelioration of osteoarthritic progression. Literature was reviewed using PubMed and Google Scholar in order to find studies describing the mechanisms of PBM. The investigation included a combination of nomenclature such as: “photobiomodulation”, “phototherapy”, “laser therapy”, “PBM”, “osteoarthritis”, low level light therapy”, “inflammation” and “cartilage”. We considered only articles written in English, with access to the full text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Pericinoto Giolo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Silva Santos
- Biomedical Science, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Victor Fontes Pacheco
- Department of Orthopedics, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Stephany Cares Huber
- Biomedical Science, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Kaue Franco Malange
- Neurobiology of Pain and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lima Rodrigues
- Biomedical Science, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bassora
- Department of Hematology, The University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-878, Brazil
| | - Tomas Mosaner
- Department of Orthopedics, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Azzini
- Department of Orthopedics, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Lucas Leite Ribeiro
- Department of Orthopedics, Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
| | - Carlos Amilcar Parada
- Neurobiology of Pain and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
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Zhao Y, Zhao S, Ma Z, Ding C, Chen J, Li J. Chitosan-Based Scaffolds for Facilitated Endogenous Bone Re-Generation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081023. [PMID: 36015171 PMCID: PMC9414235 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Facilitated endogenous tissue engineering, as a facile and effective strategy, is emerging for use in bone tissue regeneration. However, the development of bioactive scaffolds with excellent osteo-inductivity to recruit endogenous stem cells homing and differentiation towards lesion areas remains an urgent problem. Chitosan (CS), with versatile qualities including good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunable physicochemical and biological properties is undergoing vigorously development in the field of bone repair. Based on this, the review focus on recent advances in chitosan-based scaffolds for facilitated endogenous bone regeneration. Initially, we introduced and compared the facilitated endogenous tissue engineering with traditional tissue engineering. Subsequently, the various CS-based bone repair scaffolds and their fabrication methods were briefly explored. Furthermore, the functional design of CS-based scaffolds in bone endogenous regeneration including biomolecular loading, inorganic nanomaterials hybridization, and physical stimulation was highlighted and discussed. Finally, the major challenges and further research directions of CS-based scaffolds were also elaborated. We hope that this review will provide valuable reference for further bone repair research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Sinuo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhengxin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chunmei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Correspondence: (C.D.); (J.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingdi Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
- Correspondence: (C.D.); (J.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianshu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (C.D.); (J.C.); (J.L.)
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Chen J, Sang Y, Li J, Zhao T, Liu B, Xie S, Sun W. Low-level controllable blue LEDs irradiation enhances human dental pulp stem cells osteogenic differentiation via transient receptor potential vanilloid 1. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 233:112472. [PMID: 35660312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have attracted tremendous attention in tissue regeneration engineering due to their excellent multidirectional differentiation potential. Photobiomodulation (PBM) using low-level light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or lasers has been proved to promote the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the effect of LEDs on osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs has little published data. In this work, the effect of blue LEDs with different energy densities of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 J/cm2 on osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs was examined by using in vitro ALP staining, ALP activity, mineralization, and real-time PCR. The results showed that compared with the control group, osteogenic differentiation was significantly enhanced in blue LEDs treated groups. As the energy density increased, the level of osteogenesis initially increased and then decreased reaching the highest level at 6 J/cm2. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a Ca2+ ion channel, was believed to be a potential player in osteogenesis by photobiomodulation. By immunofluorescence assay, calcium influx assay, PCR, and ALP staining, it was shown that blue LEDs irradiation can increase the activity of TRPV1 and intracellular calcium levels similarly to the agonist of TRPV1 capsaicin. Additionally, pretreatment with capsazepine, a selective TRPV1 inhibitor, was able to abrogate the osteogenic effect of blue LEDs. In conclusion, these findings proposed that blue LEDs can promote the osteogenesis of hDPSCs within the appropriate range (4-8 J/cm2) during culture of osteogenic medium, and TRPV1/Ca2+ may be an essential signaling pathway involved in blue LEDs-induced osteogenesis, providing new insights for the use of hDPSCs in tissue regeneration engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Chen
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Yimeng Sang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Sijing Xie
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.
| | - Weibin Sun
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.
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Qiu H, Zhang L, He X, Wei Y, Wang M, Ma B, Hu D, Shi Z. Promotion of angiogenesis in vitro by Astragalus polysaccharide via activation of TLR4 signaling pathway. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14329. [PMID: 35867029 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
During the implantation of functional tissue-engineered constructs for treating bone defects, a functional vascular network is critical for the survival of the construct. One strategy to achieve rapid angiogenesis for this application is the co-culture of outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) and primary human osteoblasts (POBs) within a scaffold prior to implantation. In the present study, we aim to investigate whether Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) promotes angiogenesis or vascularization via the TLR4 signaling pathway in a co-culture of OECs and POBs. The co-cultures were treated with various concentrations of APS for 24 h and, subsequently, another 7 days, followed by CD31 staining and analysis of micro-vessel-formation areas using software. Additionally, APS (0.4 mg/ml for 24 h) was added to monocultures of OECs or POBs for evaluating proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, osteogenesis, TLR4 signaling pathway, and inflammatory cytokine release. We found that APS promoted angiogenesis in the co-culture at the optimal concentration of 0.4 mg/ml. TLR4 activation by APS up-regulated the expression level of TLR4/MyD88 and enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenesis in monocultures of OECs and POBs. The levels of E-selectin adhesion molecules, three cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), and VEGF and PDGF-BB, which can induce angiogenesis, increased significantly (p < .05) following APS treatment. Therefore, APS appears to promote angiogenesis and ossification in the co-culture system via the TLR4 signaling pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates that APS may promote angiogenesis and osteocyte proliferation in OEC and POB co-culture systems through the MyD88-dependent TLR4 signaling pathway. APS might represent a potential therapeutic strategy in tissue-engineered bone implantation for the treatment of large bone defects; additionally, it has the advantage of safety, as it exhibits low or no side effects. In the future, it is expected to be used in vitro for the construction of tissue-engineered bone and in vivo after implantation in patients with bone defects for promoting rapid vascularization and ossification of tissue-engineered bone and early fusion with the recipient's bone. In addition, as a food additive, Astragalus membranaceus can be used as a tonic material in patients recovering from a fracture for promoting blood-vessel formation at the fracture site and fracture recovery. Combining traditional Chinese medicine with tissue engineering can provide further strategies for promoting the development of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Qiu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinqi He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusen Wei
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaoran Wang
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Ma
- Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dailun Hu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongli Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Psychiatric-Psychologic Disease, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.,Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, College of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
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Lee HE, Lee D, Lee TI, Jang J, Jang J, Lim YW, Shin JH, Kang SM, Choi GM, Joe DJ, Kim JH, Lee SH, Park SH, Park CB, Kim TS, Lee KJ, Bae BS. Siloxane Hybrid Material-Encapsulated Highly Robust Flexible μLEDs for Biocompatible Lighting Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:28258-28269. [PMID: 35674729 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible micro-light-emitting diodes (f-μLEDs) have been regarded as an attractive light source for the next-generation human-machine interfaces, thanks to their noticeable optoelectronic performances. However, when it comes to their practical utilizations fulfilling industrial standards, there have been unsolved reliability and durability issues of the f-μLEDs, despite previous developments in the high-performance f-μLEDs for various applications. Herein, highly robust flexible μLEDs (f-HμLEDs) with 20 × 20 arrays, which are realized by a siloxane-based organic-inorganic hybrid material (SHM), are reported. The f-HμLEDs are created by combining the f-μLED fabrication process with SHM synthesis procedures (i.e., sol-gel reaction and successive photocuring). The outstanding mechanical, thermal, and environmental stabilities of our f-HμLEDs are confirmed by a host of experimental and theoretical examinations, including a bending fatigue test (105 bending/unbending cycles), a lifetime accelerated stress test (85 °C and 85% relative humidity), and finite element method simulations. Eventually, to demonstrate the potential of our f-HμLEDs for practical applications of flexible displays and/or biomedical devices, their white light emission due to quantum dot-based color conversion of blue light emitted by GaN-based f-HμLEDs is demonstrated, and the biocompatibility of our f-HμLEDs is confirmed via cytotoxicity and cell proliferation tests with muscle, bone, and neuron cell lines. As far as we can tell, this work is the first demonstration of the flexible μLED encapsulation platform based on the SHM, which proved its mechanical, thermal, and environmental stabilities and biocompatibility, enabling us to envisage biomedical and/or flexible display applications using our f-HμLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Eol Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ik Lee
- Joining R&D Group, Root Industry Technology Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 156 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeong Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Mo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Mun Choi
- ICT Creative Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel J Joe
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Kim
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Beum Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Jae Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Soo Bae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Kuzu TE, Öztürk K, Gürgan CA, Üşümez A, Yay A, Göktepe Ö. Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Peri-Implant Bone Healing in Extra-Short Implants in a Rabbit Model: A Pilot Study. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:402-409. [PMID: 35749706 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) at distinct energy levels on peri-implant bone healing in extra-short implants in a experimental rabbit model. Background: The effect of PBMT on peri-implant bone healing in short implants remains unclear. This explored the effect of PBMT on extra-short implants in terms of bone-implant contact (BIC) length and rate, and implant stability quotient (ISQ). Methods: Fifteen white New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups. In all groups, extra-short implants (3.5 × 4 mm; Nucleoss T6, İzmir/Turkey) were placed in both tibias of the rabbits. PBMT was performed in four groups (group 1, 5 J/cm2; group 2, 10 J/cm2; group 3, 20 J/cm2; and group 4, 25 J/cm2); no PBMT was performed in the control group. On the 30th day, the rabbits were sacrificed and peri-implant tissue samples were obtained to determine the BIC length and BIC rate. Implant stability levels were measured by resonance frequency analysis using the Osstell penguin device and were determined as ISQ values on the 1st and 30th days of the study. Results: PBMT significantly increased the BIC length and BIC rate in groups 3 and 4 (p < 0.001). For the ISQ values, there were significant differences between the 1st and 30th day (p < 0.001). On the 30th day, the ISQ values were significantly higher in groups 3 and 4 compared with the remaining groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In this study, PBMT improved peri-implant bone healing through increase in BIC length, BIC rate, and ISQ parameter values in extra-short implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turan Emre Kuzu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kübra Öztürk
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Faculty of Dentistry, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Cem A Gürgan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aslihan Üşümez
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Plus Dental Clinic, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Özge Göktepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Lee SH, Kim YJ, Kim YH, Kim HY, Bhang SH. Enhancing therapeutic efficacy of human adipose-derived stem cells by modulating photoreceptor expression for advanced wound healing. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:215. [PMID: 35619187 PMCID: PMC9137210 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02892-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) have been widely used for regenerative medicine because of their therapeutic efficacy and differentiation capacity. However, there are still limitations to use them intactly due to some difficulties such as poor cell engraftment and viability after cell transplantation. Therefore, techniques such as photobiomodulation (PBM) are required to overcome these limitations. This study probed improved preclinical efficacy of irradiated hADSCs and its underlying molecular mechanism.
Methods hADSCs were irradiated with green organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Treated cells were analyzed for mechanism identification and tissue regeneration ability verification. Expression levels of genes and proteins associated with photoreceptor, cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and wound healing were evaluated by performing multiple assays and immunostaining. Excision wound models were employed to test in vivo therapeutic effects. Results In vitro assessments showed that Opsin3 (OPN3) and OPN4 are both expressed in hADSCs. However, only OPN4 was stimulated by green OLED irradiation. Cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and growth factor expression in treated hADSCs were enhanced compared to control group. Conditioned medium containing paracrine factors secreted from irradiated hADSCs increased proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts and normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Irradiated hADSCs exerted better wound healing efficacy in vivo than hADSCs without OLED irradiation. Conclusions Our study introduces an intracellular mechanism of PBM in hADSCs. Our results revealed that photoreceptor OPN4 known to activate Gq-protein and consequently lead to reactive oxygen species production responded to OLED irradiation with a wavelength peak of 532 nm. In conclusion, green OLED irradiation can promote wound healing capability of hADSCs, suggesting that green OLED has potential preclinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Ho Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Hwan Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Crous A, Jansen van Rensburg M, Abrahamse H. Single and consecutive application of near-infrared and green irradiation modulates adipose derived stem cell proliferation and affect differentiation factors. Biochimie 2022; 196:225-233. [PMID: 34324922 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine uses undifferentiated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) to differentiate into multiple cell types. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a rapidly growing treatment for pain and inflammation reduction, as well as tissue healing. PBM's efficacy is dependent on wavelength and energy dosage. Red (600-700 nm) and near-infrared (780-1100 nm) wavelengths have been shown to promote cell proliferation. Light wavelengths such as green (495 nm-570 nm) have been found to influence ADMSC differentiation. The initiation of ADMSC proliferation and differentiation requires physiologically relevant levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while increased levels inhibit self-renewal. Stem cell differentiation is guided by mitochondrial metabolism, where an increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) is associated with higher in vitro differentiation capacity. ADMSCs must home to and accumulate at the sites of injury in regenerative medicine, so cell homing is critical. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare consecutive NIR (825 nm) and green (525 nm) applications on ADMSC morphology and physiology with the possibility that multiple wavelengths could lead to a combination of the two effects. The results showed that concurrent use of NIR-green irradiation significantly stimulated ADMSC proliferation, increasing population density and cellular ATP. Furthermore, NIR-green showed a time dependent increase in ROS production and was significantly higher at 7 days. Consecutive NIR-green irradiation significantly increased MMP and was most effective at facilitating ADMSC migration over time. Findings suggest that with consecutive NIR and green irradiation, the ADMSCs can rapidly proliferate, but can also be modulated for regenerative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anine Crous
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Madeleen Jansen van Rensburg
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
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Lipko NB. Photobiomodulation: Evolution and Adaptation. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:213-233. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy B. Lipko
- Nancy B. Lipko, MD, MBA, Home Office, Beachwood, Ohio, USA
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Chen Q, Yang J, Yin H, Li Y, Qiu H, Gu Y, Yang H, Xiaoxi D, Xiafei S, Che B, Li H. Optimization of photo-biomodulation therapy for wound healing of diabetic foot ulcers in vitro and in vivo. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:2450-2466. [PMID: 35519257 PMCID: PMC9045913 DOI: 10.1364/boe.451135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Unclear optical parameters make photo-biomodulation (PBM) difficult to implement in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) clinically. Here, 12 wavelengths (400-900 nm) were used to conduct PBM to heal DFU wounds in vitro and in vivo. PBM at 10 mW/cm2 and 0.5-4 J/cm2 with all 12 wavelengths promoted proliferation of diabetic wound cells. In a mimic DFU (mDFU) rat model, PBM (425, 630, 730, and 850 nm, and a combination light strategy) promoted mDFU healing. The positive cell proliferation, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, collagen synthesis, and inflammation were possible mechanisms. The combination strategy had the best effect, which can be applied clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Chen
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
- National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, Key Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis and Rehabilitation Technology of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Beijing 100176, China
- Equal contributors
| | - Jichun Yang
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
- Equal contributors
| | - Huijuan Yin
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yingxin Li
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Haixia Qiu
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Semiconductor Lighting Technology Research and Development Center, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dong Xiaoxi
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shi Xiafei
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Bochen Che
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hongxiao Li
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
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Muneekaew S, Wang MJ, Chen SY. Control of stem cell differentiation by using extrinsic photobiomodulation in conjunction with cell adhesion pattern. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1812. [PMID: 35110659 PMCID: PMC8811059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05888-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The induction and direction of stem cell differentiation into needed cell phenotypes is the central pillar of tissue engineering for repairing damaged tissues or organs. Conventionally, a special recipe of chemical factors is formulated to achieve this purpose for each specific target cell type. In this work, it is demonstrated that the combination of extrinsic photobiomodulation and collagen-covered microislands could be used to induce differentiation of Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) with the differentiation direction dictated by the specific island topography without use of chemical factors. Both neurogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation could be attained with a rate surpassing that using chemical factors. Application of this method to other cell types is possible by utilizing microislands with a pattern tailored particularly for each specific cell type, rendering it a versatile modality for initiating and guiding stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saitong Muneekaew
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Jiy Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan.
| | - Szu-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan. .,Department of Physics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 320, Taiwan.
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Suh H, Lee J, Ahn SH, Song W, Li L, Lee YM, Seol YJ, Koo KT. Repeated irradiation by light-emitting diodes may impede the spontaneous progression of experimental periodontitis: a preclinical study. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2022; 53:120-134. [PMID: 36468480 PMCID: PMC10133817 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2202320116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether repeated irradiation with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at a combination of 470 nm and 525 nm could suppress the progression of experimental periodontitis. METHODS A experimental periodontitis model was established in the second, third, and fourth premolars of the mandible in beagle dogs for 2 months. The spontaneous progression of periodontitis was monitored under the specified treatment regimen for 3 months. During this period, the animals were subjected to treatments of either plaque control only (control) or plaque control with LED application (test) at 2-week intervals. The clinical parameters included the probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), and the clinical attachment level (CAL). Histomorphometric analysis was performed using measurements of the length of the junctional epithelium, connective tissue (CT) zone, and total soft tissue (ST). RESULTS There were significant differences in PPD between the control and test groups at baseline and 12 weeks. When the change in PPD was stratified based on time intervals, it was shown that greater differences occurred in the test group, with statistical significance for baseline to 12 weeks, 6 to 12 weeks, and baseline to 6 weeks. There was no significant difference in GR between the control and test groups at any time points. Likewise, no statistically significant differences were found in GR at any time intervals. CAL showed a statistically significant difference between the control and test groups at baseline only, although significant differences in CAL were observed between baseline and 12 weeks and between 6 and 12 weeks. The proportion of CT to ST was smaller for both buccal and lingual areas in the control group than in the test group. CONCLUSIONS Repeated LED irradiation with a combination of 470-nm and 525-nm wavelengths may help suppress the progression of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemee Suh
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungwon Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- One-Stop Specialty Center, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Ahn
- Medical & Bio Photonics Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute (KOPTI), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Woosub Song
- Medical & Bio Photonics Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute (KOPTI), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Moo Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Jo Seol
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Koo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Zhang Y, Su J, Ma K, Li H, Fu X, Zhang C. Photobiomodulation promotes hair regeneration in injured skin by enhancing migration and exosome secretion of dermal papilla cells. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 30:245-257. [PMID: 34921570 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The application of photobiomodulation (PBM) in regenerative medicine has expanded to the treatment of alopecia caused by various reasons. However, the mechanisms responsible for its effects are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of PBM on hair regeneration in injured skin and to explore the underlying mechanisms. The scratched epidermis or dermis models were established in C57 mice aged 7-8 weeks. We found that the scratched epidermis had no influence on hair regeneration, but the scratched dermis led to obvious hair follicle atrophy and significantly influenced hair regeneration. The wounds in scratched dermis models were treated with PBM (655 nm, 3 J/cm2 [10 min]) and the hair regeneration and cell proliferation in hair follicle were evaluated. Compared with control, the hair coverage level was significantly enhanced after PBM treatment. Sox9+ and PCNA+ cells in hair follicle were obviously observed in PBM-treated group, but not in control. In vitro, the effects of PBM on the function of dermal papilla cells (DPCs) were investigated. The results showed that the migration of DPCs was increased significantly by PBM (655 nm, 3 J/cm2 [10 min]), whereas no effect was found on proliferation. Furthermore, we found that PBM promoted exosome secretion of DPCs, accompanied by the activation of Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. AKT inhibitor MK-2206 effectively blocked PBM-induced migration and exosome secretion of DPCs. These findings suggest that the enhanced migration and exosome secretion of DPCs mediated by the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway were responsible for the promotion of hair regeneration in injured skin by PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehou Zhang
- School of Medicine, NanKai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianlong Su
- School of Medicine, NanKai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kui Ma
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, China.,PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Beijing, China
| | - Haihong Li
- Department of Wound Repair and Dermatologic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- School of Medicine, NanKai University, Tianjin, China.,Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, China.,PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, China.,PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Beijing, China
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McColloch A, Liu H, Cho M. Reversal of stem cell‐derived hypertrophic adipocytes mediated by photobiomodulation (1064 nm). TRANSLATIONAL BIOPHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/tbio.202100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew McColloch
- Department of Bioengineering The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas USA
| | - Hanli Liu
- Department of Bioengineering The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas USA
| | - Michael Cho
- Department of Bioengineering The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas USA
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Ravera S, Bertola N, Pasquale C, Bruno S, Benedicenti S, Ferrando S, Zekiy A, Arany P, Amaroli A. 808-nm Photobiomodulation Affects the Viability of a Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cellular Model, Acting on Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Production. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111717. [PMID: 34829946 PMCID: PMC8615884 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a form of low-dose light therapy that acts through energy delivery from non-ionizing sources. During the recent two decades, there has been tremendous progress with PBM acceptance in medicine. However, PBM effects on potential stimulation of existing malignant or pre-malignant cells remain unknown. Thus, the primary endpoint was to assess the safety of PBM treatment parameters on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) proliferation or survival. The secondary endpoint was to assess any putative anti-cancer effects of PBM treatments. Cell viability, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and pro- and anti-apoptotic markers expression were investigated on a Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma cellular model (OHSU-974 FAcorr cell line). PBM therapy was administered through the 810 nm diode laser (GaAlAs) device (Garda Laser, 7024 Negrar, Verona, Italy) at the powers of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, or 1.25 W in continuous wave (CW) mode for an exposure time of 60 s with a spot-size of 1 cm2 and with a distance of 1.86 cm from the cells. Results showed that 810-nm PBM affected oxidative phosphorylation in OHSU-971 FAcorr, causing a metabolic switch to anaerobic glycolysis. In addition, PBM reduced the catalase activity, determining an unbalance between oxidative stress production and the antioxidant defenses, which could stimulate the pro-apoptotic cellular pathways. Our data, at the parameters investigated, suggest the safeness of PBM as a supportive cancer therapy. Pre-clinical and clinical studies are necessary to confirm the in vitro evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.R.); (N.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Nadia Bertola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.R.); (N.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Claudio Pasquale
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (C.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.R.); (N.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Stefano Benedicenti
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (C.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Sara Ferrando
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Angelina Zekiy
- Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Praveen Arany
- Departments of Oral Biology, Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA;
| | - Andrea Amaroli
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (C.P.); (S.B.)
- Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-3537309
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Hu SN, Yuan LT, Wang MQ, Wang YG, Zhou YS. Clinical Evaluation of 532-nm Green Laser on Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2021; 39:705-710. [PMID: 34762532 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapies of low-level green laser and chemical desensitizer in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH). Methods: Forty-eight patients with 96 sensitive teeth were invited to participate in this clinical trial and were randomly divided into three groups. One group was treated with low-level green laser, the second group was treated with desensitizer [sodium fluoride (NaF)], and the third group acted as the placebo group and was treated with distilled water and placebo laser. The wavelength of green laser was 532 nm and the irradiance was 15 J/cm2 per treatment site. Hypersensitivity was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) according to cold test and probing at baseline. Immediately, 2 weeks, and 3 months after the application of green laser, NaF, and placebo, the participants' sensitivity level was accessed by new VAS analysis. Results: Forty-five patients with 90 teeth (n = 15 patients/group; 30 teeth/group) were followed up for 2 weeks and 3 months after treatment. There were significant differences in VAS scores between the placebo group and intervention group (green laser group and NaF group; analysis of variance, p < 0.05) at all three time points. The mean pain scores in DH reduced significantly immediately after treatment in the green laser group and NaF group when stimulated by cold and probing, whereas no significant difference was observed with these two therapies after 2 weeks (p > 0.05). After 3 months, mean VAS scores of the NaF group were higher than those of the green laser group (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Therefore, the green laser displayed similar effectiveness as NaF in treatment of DH and could be a promising new therapy to reduce DH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ning Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School, Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Dental Clinic, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Tian Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School, Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Qi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Guang Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School, Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School, Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Gebremendhin D, Lindemer B, Weihrauch D, Harder DR, Lohr NL. Electromagnetic energy (670 nm) stimulates vasodilation through activation of the large conductance potassium channel (BKCa). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257896. [PMID: 34610026 PMCID: PMC8491904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a highly morbid condition in which impaired blood flow to the limbs leads to pain and tissue loss. Previously we identified 670 nm electromagnetic energy (R/NIR) to increase nitric oxide levels in cells and tissue. NO elicits relaxation of smooth muscle (SMC) by stimulating potassium efflux and membrane hyperpolarization. The actions of energy on ion channel activity have yet to be explored. Here we hypothesized R/NIR stimulates vasodilation through activation of potassium channels in SMC. METHODS Femoral arteries or facial arteries from C57Bl/6 and Slo1-/- mice were isolated, pressurized to 60 mmHg, pre-constricted with U46619, and irradiated twice with energy R/NIR (10 mW/cm2 for 5 min) with a 10 min dark period between irradiations. Single-channel K+ currents were recorded at room temperature from cell-attached and excised inside-out membrane patches of freshly isolated mouse femoral arterial muscle cells using the patch-clamp technique. RESULTS R/NIR stimulated vasodilation requires functional activation of the large conductance potassium channels. There is a voltage dependent outward current in SMC with light stimulation, which is due to increases in the open state probability of channel opening. R/NIR modulation of channel opening is eliminated pharmacologically (paxilline) and genetically (BKca α subunit knockout). There is no direct action of light to modulate channel activity as excised patches did not increase the open state probability of channel opening. CONCLUSION R/NIR vasodilation requires indirect activation of the BKca channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debebe Gebremendhin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Brian Lindemer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Dorothee Weihrauch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - David R. Harder
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Nicole L. Lohr
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kim SW, Kim YJ, Im GB, Kim YH, Jeong GJ, Cho SM, Lee H, Bhang SH. Phototoxicity-free blue light for enhancing therapeutic angiogenic efficacy of stem cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 39:217-236. [PMID: 34580808 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09656-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Low-level light therapy (LLLT) is a safe and noninvasive technique that has drawn attention as a new therapeutic method to treat various diseases. However, little is known so far about the effect of blue light for LLLT due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can cause cell damage. We introduced a blue organic light-emitting diode (bOLED) as a safe and effective light source that could generate a low amount of heat and luminance compared to conventional light sources (e.g., light-emitting diodes). We compared phototoxicity of bOLED light with different light fluences to human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC). We further explored molecular mechanisms involved in the therapeutic efficacy of bOLED for enhancing angiogenic properties of hADSC, including intracellular ROS control in hADSCs. Using optimum conditions of bOLED light proposed in this study, photobiomodulation and angiogenic properties of hADSCs were enhanced. These findings might open new methods for using blue light in LLLT. Such methods can be implemented in future treatments for ischemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Won Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Bum Im
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoung Hwan Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Jae Jeong
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sung Min Cho
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nature-inspired Technology (CNiT), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Photobiomodulation Therapy Improves Postoperative Pain and Edema in Third Molar Surgeries: A Randomized, Comparative, Double-Blind, and Prospective Clinical Trial. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 80:37.e1-37.e12. [PMID: 34656515 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.08.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laser light has biological effects that can modulate inflammatory processes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on pain, edema, and trismus after the extraction of retained third molars. METHODS A split-mouth, double-blind, randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted in 13 patients with similar bilateral third molars who received intraoral application PBM therapy at 4 points with a diode laser at 810 nm wavelength, 6 J (100 mW, 60 seconds/point) on 1 side (the PBM side); and laser irradiation simulation on the other side (SHAM side). The pain was assessed through visual analog scale (VAS) at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, number of analgesic-relief (NAR), and mean time of first analgesic use; edema, through VAS, and linear facial measurements at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours; and trismus, through the mouth opening measurements at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours. The repeated-measures analysis was applied to assess the effect of the treatment, followed by Tukey's post hoc test for multiple comparisons (P < .05). RESULTS Thirteen patients (61.77% male and 38.63% female) with age of 24.16 ± 2.06 participated in this research. VAS showed that PBM controlled pain better (7.56 ± 6.25) than SHAM (32.25 ± 22.78) at 24 hours (P < .001) and 48 hours (19.47 ± 9.27 and 39.87 ± 4.21, respectively) (P = .011). VAS also showed that PBM controlled edema better (19.7 ± 13.27) than SHAM (32.38 ± 15.28) at 24 hours (P = .037) and 48 hours (19.47 ± 13.11 and 39.87 ± 22.77, respectively) (P = .002). CONCLUSION The PBM therapy in this study resulted in pain and edema reduction after third molar surgery and may be considered as adjuvant therapy after the surgical procedure.
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Suciu M, Porav S, Radu T, Rosu MC, Lazar MD, Macavei S, Socaci C. Photodynamic effect of light emitting diodes on E. coli and human skin cells induced by a graphene-based ternary composite. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 223:112298. [PMID: 34474299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the photodynamic effect of a ternary nanocomposite (TiO2-Ag/graphene) on Escherichia coli bacteria and two human cell lines: A375 (melanoma) and HaCaT (keratinocyte) after exposure to different wavelength domains (blue, green or red-Light Emitting Diode, LED) was analyzed. The results obtained through bioassays were correlated with the morphological, structural and spectral data obtained through FT-IR, XPS and UV-Vis spectroscopy, powder X-Ray diffractometry (XRD) and STEM/EDX techniques, leading to conclusions that showed different photodynamic activation mechanisms and effects on bacteria and human cells, depending on the wavelength. The nanocomposite proved a therapeutic potential for blue light-activated antibacterial treatment and revealed a keratinocyte cytotoxic effect under blue and green LEDs. The red light-nanocomposite duo gave a metabolic boost to normal keratinocytes and induced stasis to melanoma cells. The light and nanocomposite combination could be a potential therapy for bacterial keratosis or for skin tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Suciu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103 Str., RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Biology and Geology Faculty, Babes-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Str, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sebastian Porav
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103 Str., RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Teodora Radu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103 Str., RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marcela C Rosu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103 Str., RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela D Lazar
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103 Str., RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sergiu Macavei
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103 Str., RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Crina Socaci
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donat 67-103 Str., RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Photobiomodulation therapy does not depend on the differentiation of dental pulp cells to enhance functional activity associated with angiogenesis and mineralization. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1979-1988. [PMID: 34374881 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of InGaAlP diode laser (660 nm) with or without an odontogenic medium (OM) in the functional activity of OD-21 cells. Undifferentiated OD-21 pulp cells were cultivated with or without OM and divided into four groups (n = 5): nonirradiated control (C -), nonirradiated + OM (C +), irradiated (L -), and irradiated + OM (L +). Laser application was performed in two sessions of a 24-h interval with an irradiance of 11.3 mW/cm2, energy density of 1 J/cm2, and total cumulative energy/well of 4.6 J. Cell proliferation, VEGF-164 expression, mineralization, and expression of Alp, Runx2, and Dmp1 genes, as well as immunolocalization of RUNX2 and MEPE proteins, were evaluated. Data were analyzed by statistical tests (α = 0.05). All studied groups showed a similar increase in cell proliferation with or without OM. After 7 and 10 days, a significatively higher concentration of VEGF-164 in L - group when compared to C - group was observed. A significant increase in mineralized nodules in the L + was noted when compared to C + in the same conditions. Photobiomodulation upregulated significantly Runx2 and Dmp1 expression after 10 days in L - and after 7 days in L + , with downregulation of Dmp1 after 10 days in L + group. Immunolocalization of RUNX2 and MEPE was expressive after 7 days of culture in the cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus with a decrease after 10 days, regardless of the presence of OM. Photobiomodulation enhances metabolism associated with angiogenesis, gene expression, and mineralization regardless of the odontogenic medium in OD-21 cells.
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