1
|
Valizadeh S, Valizadeh B, Seo MW, Choi YJ, Lee J, Chen WH, Lin KYA, Park YK. Recent advances in liquid fuel production from plastic waste via pyrolysis: Emphasis on polyolefins and polystyrene. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 246:118154. [PMID: 38218520 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The management of plastic waste (PW) has become an indispensable worldwide issue because of the enhanced accumulation and environmental impacts of these waste materials. Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis has been proposed as an emerging technology for the valorization of PW into value-added liquid fuels. This review provides a comprehensive investigation of the latest advances in thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of PW for liquid fuel generation, by emphasizing polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. To this end, the current strategies of PW management are summarized. The various parameters affecting the thermal pyrolysis of PW (e.g., temperature, residence time, heating rate, pyrolysis medium, and plastic type) are discussed, highlighting their significant influence on feed reactivity, product yield, and carbon number distribution of the pyrolysis process. Optimizing these parameters in the pyrolysis process can ensure highly efficient energy recovery from PW. In comparison with non-catalytic PW pyrolysis, catalytic pyrolysis of PW is considered by discussing mechanisms, reaction pathways, and the performance of various catalysts. It is established that the introduction of either acid or base catalysts shifts PW pyrolysis from the conventional free radical mechanism towards the carbonium ion mechanism, altering its kinetics and pathways. This review also provides an overview of PW pyrolysis practicality for scaling up by describing techno-economic challenges and opportunities, environmental considerations, and presenting future outlooks in this field. Overall, via investigation of the recent research findings, this paper offers valuable insights into the potential of thermo-catalytic pyrolysis as an emerging strategy for PW management and the production of liquid fuels, while also highlighting avenues for further exploration and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea
| | - Behzad Valizadeh
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea
| | - Myung Won Seo
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea
| | - Yong Jun Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea; School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jie X, Chen R, Biddle T, Slocombe DR, Dilworth JR, Xiao T, Edwards PP. Size-Dependent Microwave Heating and Catalytic Activity of Fine Iron Particles in the Deep Dehydrogenation of Hexadecane. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:4682-4693. [PMID: 35645460 PMCID: PMC9134345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the electromagnetic microwave radiation-solid matter interaction and ensuing mechanisms at active catalytic sites will enable a deeper understanding of microwave-initiated chemical interactions and processes, and will lead to further optimization of this class of heterogeneous catalysis. Here, we study the fundamental mechanism of the interaction between microwave radiation and solid Fe catalysts and the deep dehydrogenation of a model hydrocarbon, hexadecane. We find that the size-dependent electronic transition of particulate Fe metal from a microwave "reflector" to a microwave "absorber" lies at the heart of efficient metal catalysis in these heterogeneous processes. In this regard, the optimal particle size of a Fe metal catalyst for highly effective microwave-initiated dehydrogenation reactions is approximately 80-120 nm, and the catalytic performance is strongly dependent on the ratio of the mean radius of Fe particles to the microwave skin depth (r/δ) at the operating frequency. Importantly, the particle size of selected Fe catalysts will ultimately affect the basic heating properties of the catalysts and decisively influence their catalytic performance under microwave initiation. In addition, we have found that when two or more materials-present as a mechanical mixture-are simultaneously exposed to microwave irradiation, each constituent material will respond to the microwaves independently. Thus, the interaction between the two materials has been found to have synergistic effects, subsequently contributing to heating and improving the overall catalytic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Jie
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Roujia Chen
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Tara Biddle
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel R. Slocombe
- School
of Engineering, Cardiff University, Queen’s Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Robin Dilworth
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Tiancun Xiao
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Peter P. Edwards
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Siddique F, Mirzaei A, Gonzalez-Cortes S, Slocombe D, Al-Megren HA, Xiao T, Rafiq MA, Edwards PP. Sustainable chemical processing of flowing wastewater through microwave energy. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132035. [PMID: 34474383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanostructured catalysts have emerged as potential candidates for efficient energy conversion and electrochemical energy storage devices. However, synthesis and design of nanomaterial plays a key role in its performance and efficiency. Herein, we describe a one-pot solution combustion synthesis (SCS) of α-Fe2O3 with glycine as a fuel, and a subsequent reduction step to produce iron-containing catalysts (i.e., Fe3O4, Fe-Fe3O4, and Fe0). The synthesized iron-based nanoparticles were investigated for methyl orange (MO) degradation through Microwave (MW) energy under continuous flow conditions. Fe-Fe3O4 showed higher MO degradation efficiency than α-Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and Fe0 at low absorbed MW power (i.e. 5-80 W). The enhanced degradation efficiency is associated to the combination of higher availability of electron density and higher heating effect under MW energy. Investigation of dielectric properties showed relative dielectric loss of Fe3O4, Fe-Fe3O4, and Fe0 as 3847, 2010, and 1952, respectively. The calculated average local temperature by the comparative analysis of MW treatment with conventional thermal (CT) treatment showed a marked thermal effect of MW-initiated MO degradation. This work highlights the potential of microwave-driven water depollution under continuous-flow processing conditions and demonstrates the positive impact that earth-abundant Fe catalyst synthesized by green SCS method can have over the treatment of wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fizza Siddique
- Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Amir Mirzaei
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Sergio Gonzalez-Cortes
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
| | - Daniel Slocombe
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Queen's Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Hamid A Al-Megren
- Materials Division, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tiancun Xiao
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
| | - M A Rafiq
- Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan.
| | - Peter P Edwards
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jie X, Wang J, Gonzalez-Cortes S, Yao B, Li W, Gao Y, Dilworth JR, Xiao T, Edwards PP. Catalytic Activity of Various Carbons during the Microwave-Initiated Deep Dehydrogenation of Hexadecane. JACS AU 2021; 1:2021-2032. [PMID: 34841415 PMCID: PMC8611660 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbon materials have been widely used as microwave susceptors in many chemical processes because they are highly effective at transforming incoming electromagnetic energy for local (hot spot) heating. This property raises the intriguing possibility of using the all-pervasive carbonaceous deposits in operating heterogeneous catalytic processes to augment the catalytic performance of microwave-initiated reactions. Here, the catalytic activities of a range of carbon materials, together with carbon residues produced from a "test" reaction-the dehydrogenation of hexadecane under microwave-initiated heterogeneous catalytic processes, have been investigated. Despite the excellent microwave absorption properties observed among these various carbons, only activated carbons and graphene nanoplatelets were found to be highly effective for the microwave-initiated dehydrogenation of hexadecane. During the dehydrogenation of hexadecane on a Fe/SiC catalyst, active carbon species were formed at the early stage of the reactions but were subsequently transformed into filamentous but catalytically inert carbons that ultimately deactivated the operating catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Jie
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Jiale Wang
- Department
of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K.
| | - Sergio Gonzalez-Cortes
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Benzhen Yao
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Weisong Li
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
- School
of Chemical Engineering & Technology China University of Mining
and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province 221116, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yige Gao
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Jonathan R. Dilworth
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Tiancun Xiao
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Peter P. Edwards
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bhatia P, Dharaskar S, Unnarkat AP. CO 2 reduction routes to value-added oxygenates: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:61929-61950. [PMID: 34553283 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Energy is a key attribute that is used to evaluate the economic development of any country. The demand for energy is going to rise in developing countries and will be 67% of global use by 2040. The energy surge in these rising economies will be responsible for 60-70% of the global greenhouse gas emissions. The quest for higher energy motivates technological development to curb the climate change occurring with GHG emissions. Carbon dioxide is one of the primary greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Current work is intended to give an updated review on the different routes of carbon dioxide utilization that are catalytic route, photocatalytic route, electrocatalytic route, microwave plasma route, and biocatalytic route. These routes are capable of converting CO2 into different valuable products such as formic acid, methanol, and di-methyl ether (DME), which are majorly derived from biomass and/or fossil fuels (coal gasification and/or natural gas). This work investigates the effect of different routes available for the production of value-added products by CO2 reduction, discusses various challenges that come across the aforementioned routes, and shares views on future scope and research direction to pave new innovative ways of reducing CO2 from the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parth Bhatia
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, 382426, India
| | - Swapnil Dharaskar
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, 382426, India
| | - Ashish P Unnarkat
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, 382426, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thomas JM, Edwards PP, Dobson PJ, Owen GP. Decarbonising energy: The developing international activity in hydrogen technologies and fuel cells. JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2020; 51:405-415. [PMID: 34631197 PMCID: PMC7255174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jechem.2020.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen technologies and fuel cells offer an alternative and improved solution for a decarbonised energy future. Fuel cells are electrochemical converters; transforming hydrogen (or energy sources containing hydrogen) and oxygen directly into electricity. The hydrogen fuel cell, invented in 1839, permits the generation of electrical energy with high efficiency through a non-combustion, electrochemical process and, importantly, without the emission of CO2 at its point of use. Hitherto, despite numerous efforts to exploit the obvious attractions of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells, various challenges have been encountered, some of which are reviewed here. Now, however, given the exigent need to urgently seek low-carbon paths for humankind's energy future, numerous countries are advancing the deployment of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells not only for transport, but also as a means of the storage of excess renewable energy from, for example, wind and solar farms. Furthermore, hydrogen is also being blended into the natural gas supplies used in domestic heating and targeted in the decarbonisation of critical, large-scale industrial processes such as steel making. We briefly review specific examples in countries such as Japan, South Korea and the People's Republic of China, as well as selected examples from Europe and North America in the utilization of hydrogen technologies and hydrogen fuel cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Meurig Thomas
- Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Peter P Edwards
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST)-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals and Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Peter J Dobson
- The Queen's College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 4AW, UK
| | - Gari P Owen
- Annwvyn Solutions (Independent Consultant), Bromley, Kent BR1 3DW, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yao B, Kuznetsov VL, Xiao T, Jie X, Gonzalez-Cortes S, Dilworth JR, Al-Megren HA, Alshihri SM, Edwards PP. Fuels, power and chemical periodicity. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2020; 378:20190308. [PMID: 32811361 PMCID: PMC7435144 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The insatiable-and ever-growing-demand of both the developed and the developing countries for power continues to be met largely by the carbonaceous fuels comprising coal, and the hydrocarbons natural gas and liquid petroleum. We review the properties of the chemical elements, overlaid with trends in the periodic table, which can help explain the historical-and present-dominance of hydrocarbons as fuels for power generation. However, the continued use of hydrocarbons as fuel/power sources to meet our economic and social needs is now recognized as a major driver of dangerous global environmental changes, including climate change, acid deposition, urban smog and the release of many toxic materials. This has resulted in an unprecedented interest in and focus on alternative, renewable or sustainable energy sources. A major area of interest to emerge is in hydrogen energy as a sustainable vector for our future energy needs. In that vision, the issue of hydrogen storage is now a key challenge in support of hydrogen-fuelled transportation using fuel cells. The chemistry of hydrogen is itself beautifully diverse through a variety of different types of chemical interactions and bonds forming compounds with most other elements in the periodic table. In terms of their hydrogen storage and production properties, we outline various relationships among hydride compounds and materials of the chemical elements to provide some qualitative and quantitative insights. These encompass thermodynamic and polarizing strength properties to provide such background information. We provide an overview of the fundamental nature of hydrides particularly in relation to the key operating parameters of hydrogen gravimetric storage density and the desorption/operating temperature at which the requisite amount of hydrogen is released for use in the fuel cell. While we await the global transition to a completely renewable and sustainable future, it is also necessary to seek CO2 mitigation technologies applied to the use of fossil fuels. We review recent advances in the strategy of using hydrocarbon fossil fuels themselves as compounds for the high capacity storage and production of hydrogen without any CO2 emissions. Based on these advances, the world may end up with a hydrogen economy completely different from the one it had expected to develop; remarkably, with 'Green hydrogen' being derived directly from the hydrogen-stripping of fossil fuels. This article is part of the theme issue 'Mendeleev and the periodic table'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B. Yao
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - V. L. Kuznetsov
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - T. Xiao
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - X. Jie
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - S. Gonzalez-Cortes
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - J. R. Dilworth
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - H. A. Al-Megren
- Materials Division, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - S. M. Alshihri
- Materials Division, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - P. P. Edwards
- KACST-Oxford Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sawama Y, Niikawa M, Ban K, Park K, Aibara SY, Itoh M, Sajiki H. Quantitative Mechanochemical Methanation of CO 2 with H 2O in a Stainless Steel Ball Mill. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinari Sawama
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Miki Niikawa
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kazuho Ban
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kwihwan Park
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shin-yo Aibara
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Miki Itoh
- Procurement Quality Management Center, Canon Inc., 3-16-1 Shimonoge, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 146-8501, Japan
| | - Hironao Sajiki
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kieu Ngan Pham
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa 2540 Dole Street Honolulu Hawaii 96822 USA
| | - Joseph J. Brown
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa 2540 Dole Street Honolulu Hawaii 96822 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Since the late 1980s, the scientific community has been attracted to microwave energy as an alternative method of heating, due to the advantages that this technology offers over conventional heating technologies. In fact, differently from these, the microwave heating mechanism is a volumetric process in which heat is generated within the material itself, and, consequently, it can be very rapid and selective. In this way, the microwave-susceptible material can absorb the energy embodied in the microwaves. Application of the microwave heating technique to a chemical process can lead to both a reduction in processing time as well as an increase in the production rate, which is obtained by enhancing the chemical reactions and results in energy saving. The synthesis and sintering of materials by means of microwave radiation has been used for more than 20 years, while, future challenges will be, among others, the development of processes that achieve lower greenhouse gas (e.g., CO2) emissions and discover novel energy-saving catalyzed reactions. A natural choice in such efforts would be the combination of catalysis and microwave radiation. The main aim of this review is to give an overview of microwave applications in the heterogeneous catalysis, including the preparation of catalysts, as well as explore some selected microwave assisted catalytic reactions. The review is divided into three principal topics: (i) introduction to microwave chemistry and microwave materials processing; (ii) description of the loss mechanisms and microwave-specific effects in heterogeneous catalysis; and (iii) applications of microwaves in some selected chemical processes, including the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts.
Collapse
|
11
|
Li W, Jie X, Wang C, Dilworth JR, Xu C, Xiao T, Edwards PP. MnOx-Promoted, Coking-Resistant Nickel-Based Catalysts for Microwave-Initiated CO2 Utilization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weisong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Xiangyu Jie
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Changzhen Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Fine Chemicals, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jonathan R. Dilworth
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Chunjian Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Tiancun Xiao
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Peter P. Edwards
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sawama Y, Ban K, Akutsu-Suyama K, Nakata H, Mori M, Yamada T, Kawajiri T, Yasukawa N, Park K, Monguchi Y, Takagi Y, Yoshimura M, Sajiki H. Birch-Type Reduction of Arenes in 2-Propanol Catalyzed by Zero-Valent Iron and Platinum on Carbon. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11522-11531. [PMID: 31460258 PMCID: PMC6682079 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic arene reduction was effectively realized by heating in 2-propanol/water in the presence of Pt on carbon (Pt/C) and metallic Fe. 2-Propanol acted as a hydrogen source, obviating the need for flammable (and hence, dangerous and hard-to-handle) hydrogen gas, while metallic Fe acted as an essential co-catalyst to promote reduction. The chemical states of Pt and Fe in the reaction mixture were determined by X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis, and the obtained results were used to suggest a plausible reaction mechanism, implying that catalytic reduction involved Pt- and Fe-mediated single-electron transfer and the dehydrogenation of 2-propanol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinari Sawama
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kazuho Ban
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Akutsu-Suyama
- Neutron
Science and Technology Center, Comprehensive
Research Organization for Science and Society (CROSS), 162-1 Shirakata, Tokai-Mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Misato Mori
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamada
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kawajiri
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Naoki Yasukawa
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kwihwan Park
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yasunari Monguchi
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yukio Takagi
- Catalyst
Development Center, N. E. Chemcat Corporation, 678 Ipponmatsu, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0314, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yoshimura
- Catalyst
Development Center, N. E. Chemcat Corporation, 678 Ipponmatsu, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0314, Japan
| | - Hironao Sajiki
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical
University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Jie X, Xiao T, Yao B, Gonzalez-Cortes S, Wang J, Fang Y, Miller N, AlMegren H, Dilworth J, Edwards P. On the performance optimisation of Fe catalysts in the microwave - assisted H2 production by the dehydrogenation of hexadecane. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
15
|
Alotaibi FM, González-Cortés S, Alotibi MF, Xiao T, Al-Megren H, Yang G, Edwards PP. Enhancing the production of light olefins from heavy crude oils: Turning challenges into opportunities. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
16
|
Sawama Y, Yasukawa N, Ban K, Goto R, Niikawa M, Monguchi Y, Itoh M, Sajiki H. Stainless Steel-Mediated Hydrogen Generation from Alkanes and Diethyl Ether and Its Application for Arene Reduction. Org Lett 2018; 20:2892-2896. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinari Sawama
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Naoki Yasukawa
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kazuho Ban
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Ryota Goto
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Miki Niikawa
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yasunari Monguchi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Miki Itoh
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hironao Sajiki
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Thomas JM. Providing sustainable catalytic solutions for a rapidly changing world: a summary and recommendations for urgent future action. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0068. [PMID: 29175987 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In addition to summarizing the main thrusts of each paper presented at this Discussion, other urgent issues involving the role (and characterization) of new catalysts for eliminating oxides of nitrogen, for using CO2 liberated from steel mills, for fuel cells and the need for rapid decarbonization of fossil fuels are outlined.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Providing sustainable catalytic solutions for a rapidly changing world'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Meurig Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
- University Chemical Laboratories, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jie X, Gonzalez-Cortes S, Xiao T, Wang J, Yao B, Slocombe DR, Al-Megren HA, Dilworth JR, Thomas JM, Edwards PP. Rapid Production of High-Purity Hydrogen Fuel through Microwave-Promoted Deep Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Liquid Alkanes with Abundant Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Jie
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Sergio Gonzalez-Cortes
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Tiancun Xiao
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Jiale Wang
- Department of Materials; University of Oxford; Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
| | - Benzhen Yao
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Daniel R. Slocombe
- School of Engineering; Cardiff University; Queen's Buildings, The Parade Cardiff CF24 3AA UK
| | - Hamid A. Al-Megren
- Petrochemical Research Institute; King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology; P.O. Box 6086 Riyadh 11442 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jonathan R. Dilworth
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - John M. Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy; University of Cambridge; 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Peter P. Edwards
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jie X, Gonzalez-Cortes S, Xiao T, Wang J, Yao B, Slocombe DR, Al-Megren HA, Dilworth JR, Thomas JM, Edwards PP. Rapid Production of High-Purity Hydrogen Fuel through Microwave-Promoted Deep Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Liquid Alkanes with Abundant Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10170-10173. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Jie
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Sergio Gonzalez-Cortes
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Tiancun Xiao
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Jiale Wang
- Department of Materials; University of Oxford; Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
| | - Benzhen Yao
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Daniel R. Slocombe
- School of Engineering; Cardiff University; Queen's Buildings, The Parade Cardiff CF24 3AA UK
| | - Hamid A. Al-Megren
- Petrochemical Research Institute; King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology; P.O. Box 6086 Riyadh 11442 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jonathan R. Dilworth
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - John M. Thomas
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy; University of Cambridge; 27 Charles Babbage Road Cambridge CB3 0FS UK
| | - Peter P. Edwards
- Centre of Excellence in Petrochemicals, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; University of Oxford; South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| |
Collapse
|