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Henedak NT, El-Abhar HS, Soubh AA, Abdallah DM. NLRP3 Inflammasome: A central player in renal pathologies and nephropathy. Life Sci 2024; 351:122813. [PMID: 38857655 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic oligomer NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been implicated in most inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here, we highlight the significance of NLRP3 in diverse renal disorders, demonstrating its activation in macrophages and non-immune tubular epithelial and mesangial cells in response to various stimuli. This activation leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, contributing to the development of acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic renal injury, or fibrosis. In AKI, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptotic renal tubular cell death is driven by contrast and chemotherapeutic agents, sepsis, and rhabdomyolysis. Nevertheless, inflammasome is provoked in disorders such as crystal and diabetic nephropathy, obesity-related renal fibrosis, lupus nephritis, and hypertension-induced renal damage that induce chronic kidney injury and/or fibrosis. The mechanisms by which the inflammatory NLRP3/ Apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein containing a Caspase recruitment domain (ASC)/caspase-1/interleukin (IL)-1β & IL-18 pathway can turn on renal fibrosis is also comprehended. This review further outlines the involvement of dopamine and its associated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including D1-like (D1, D5) and D2-like (D2-D4) subtypes, in regulating this inflammation-linked renal dysfunction pathway. Hence, we identify D-related receptors as promising targets for renal disease management by inhibiting the functionality of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada T Henedak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6(th) of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Soubh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6(th) of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalaal M Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
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2
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Wissemann J, Heidenreich A, Zimmermann H, Engelmann J, Jansen J, Suchanek D, Westermann D, Wolf D, Stachon P, Merz J. ADP as a novel stimulus for NLRP3-inflammasome activation in mice fails to translate to humans. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:291-302. [PMID: 37410223 PMCID: PMC11189352 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3-inflammasome is a cytosolic multiprotein complex that triggers an inflammatory response to certain danger signals. Recently adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was found to activate the NLRP3-inflammasome in murine macrophages via the P2Y1 receptor. Blockade of this signaling pathway reduced disease severity in a murine colitis-model. However, the role of the ADP/P2Y1-axis has not yet been studied in humans. This present study confirmed ADP-dependent NLRP3-inflammasome activation in murine macrophages, but found no evidence for a role of ADP in inflammasome activation in humans. We investigated the THP1 cell line as well as primary monocytes and further looked at macrophages. Although all cells express the three human ADP-receptors P2Y1, P2Y12 and P2Y13, independent of priming, neither increased ASC-speck formation could be detected with flow cytometry nor additional IL-1β release be found in the culture supernatant of ADP stimulated cells. We now show for the first time that the responsiveness of monocytes and macrophages to ADP as well as the regulation of its purinergic receptors is very much dependent on the species. Therefore the signaling pathway found to contribute to colitis in mice is likely not applicable to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Wissemann
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adrian Heidenreich
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Helene Zimmermann
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Engelmann
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jasper Jansen
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dymphie Suchanek
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Westermann
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Stachon
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Merz
- Cardiology and Angiology, Medical Center, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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O'Keefe ME, Dubyak GR, Abbott DW. Post-translational control of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107386. [PMID: 38763335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes serve as critical sensors for disruptions to cellular homeostasis, with inflammasome assembly leading to inflammatory caspase activation, gasdermin cleavage, and cytokine release. While the canonical pathways leading to priming, assembly, and pyroptosis are well characterized, recent work has begun to focus on the role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in regulating inflammasome activity. A diverse array of PTMs, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, and glycosylation, exert both activating and inhibitory influences on members of the inflammasome cascade through effects on protein-protein interactions, stability, and localization. Dysregulation of inflammasome activation is associated with a number of inflammatory diseases, and evidence is emerging that aberrant modification of inflammasome components contributes to this dysregulation. This review provides insight into PTMs within the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and their functional consequences on the signaling cascade and highlights outstanding questions that remain regarding the complex web of signals at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E O'Keefe
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - George R Dubyak
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Derek W Abbott
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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4
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Mencarelli A, Bist P, Choi HW, Khameneh HJ, Mortellaro A, Abraham SN. Anaphylactic degranulation by mast cells requires the mobilization of inflammasome components. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:693-702. [PMID: 38486019 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01788-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The inflammasome components NLRP3 and ASC are cytosolic proteins, which upon sensing endotoxins or danger cues, form multimeric complexes to process interleukin (IL)-1β for secretion. Here we found that antigen (Ag)-triggered degranulation of IgE-sensitized mast cells (MCs) was mediated by NLRP3 and ASC. IgE-Ag stimulated NEK7 and Pyk2 kinases in MCs to induce the deposition of NLRP3 and ASC on granules and form a distinct protein complex (granulosome) that chaperoned the granules to the cell surface. MCs deficient in NLRP3 or ASC did not form granulosomes, degranulated poorly in vitro and did not evoke systemic anaphylaxis in mice. IgE-Ag-triggered anaphylaxis was prevented by an NLRP3 inhibitor. In endotoxin-primed MCs, pro-IL-1β was rapidly packaged into granules after IgE-Ag stimulation and processed within granule remnants by proteases after degranulation, causing lethal anaphylaxis in mice. During IgE-Ag-mediated degranulation of endotoxin-primed MCs, granulosomes promoted degranulation, combined with exteriorization and processing of IL-1β, resulting in severe inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mencarelli
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pradeep Bist
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hae Woong Choi
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hanif Javanmard Khameneh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science and Research (A*Star), Singapore, Singapore
- Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Soman N Abraham
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Blander JM, Shi Y. Pas de deux of NLRP3 and ASC with CD63 on mast cell granules. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:584-586. [PMID: 38486020 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01791-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- J Magarian Blander
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Programs, Weill Cornell and Sloan Kettering Institute Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
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Park K, Shin I, Kim Y, Kang H, Oh SJ, Jang E, Sim T, Youn J, Lee MS. A novel NLRP3 inhibitor as a therapeutic agent against monosodium urate-induced gout. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1307739. [PMID: 38371945 PMCID: PMC10869544 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1307739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Since NEK7 is critical for NLRP3 inflammasome activation, NEK7 inhibitors could be employed as therapeutic agents against gout, a representative disease caused by NLRP3 inflammasome. Methods We designed NEK7 inhibitors based on biochemical kinome profiling of 2,7-substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives (SLC3031~3035 and SLC3037). Inflammasome activation was assessed by ELISA of IL-1b and immunoblotting of IL-1b maturation after treatment of bone marrow-derived macrophages with LPS+monosodium urate (MSU). NLPR3 binding to NEK7 and oligomerization were examined using immunoprecipitation and Blue Native gel electrophoresis, respectively. In vivo effect was investigated by studying gross and histopathological changes of food pad tissue of MSU-injected mice, together with assays of maturation of IL-1b and ASC speck in the tissue. Results SLC3037 inhibited inflammasome by MSU and other inflammasome activators through blockade of NLRP3 binding to NEK7 or oligomerization, and subsequent ASC oligomerization/phosphorylation. SLC3037 significantly reduced foot pad thickness and inflammation by MSU, which was superior to the effects of colchicine. SLC3037 significantly reduced content or maturation of IL-1b and ASC speck in the food pad. The number and height of intestinal villi were decreased by colchicine but not by SLC3037. Conclusion SLC3037, a NLRP3 inhibitor blocking NEK7 binding to NLRP3, could be a novel agent against diseases associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation such as gout, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome or neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihyoun Park
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyereen Kang
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Oh
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunkyeong Jang
- Department of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taebo Sim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehee Youn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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7
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Bezbradica JS, Bryant CE. Inflammasomes as regulators of mechano-immunity. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:21-30. [PMID: 38177903 PMCID: PMC10897344 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechano-immunity, the intersection between cellular or tissue mechanics and immune cell function, is emerging as an important factor in many inflammatory diseases. Mechano-sensing defines how cells detect mechanical changes in their environment. Mechano-response defines how cells adapt to such changes, e.g. form synapses, signal or migrate. Inflammasomes are intracellular immune sensors that detect changes in tissue and cell homoeostasis during infection or injury. We and others recently found that mechano-sensing of tissue topology (swollen tissue), topography (presence and distribution of foreign solid implant) or biomechanics (stiffness), alters inflammasome activity. Once activated, inflammasomes induce the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, but also change cellular mechanical properties, which influence how cells move, change their shape, and interact with other cells. When overactive, inflammasomes lead to chronic inflammation. This clearly places inflammasomes as important players in mechano-immunity. Here, we discuss a model whereby inflammasomes integrate pathogen- and tissue-injury signals, with changes in tissue mechanics, to shape the downstream inflammatory responses and allow cell and tissue mechano-adaptation. We will review the emerging evidence that supports this model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clare E Bryant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK.
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Lin Y, Yang J, Yang Q, Zeng S, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Tong Y, Li L, Tan W, Chen D, Sun Q. PTK2B promotes TBK1 and STING oligomerization and enhances the STING-TBK1 signaling. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7567. [PMID: 37989995 PMCID: PMC10663505 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is a key kinase in regulating antiviral innate immune responses. While the oligomerization of TBK1 is critical for its full activation, the molecular mechanism of how TBK1 forms oligomers remains unclear. Here, we show that protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta (PTK2B) acts as a TBK1-interacting protein and regulates TBK1 oligomerization. Functional assays reveal that PTK2B depletion reduces antiviral signaling in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, macrophages and dendritic cells, and genetic experiments show that Ptk2b-deficient mice are more susceptible to viral infection than control mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that PTK2B directly phosphorylates residue Tyr591 of TBK1, which increases TBK1 oligomerization and activation. In addition, we find that PTK2B also interacts with the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and can promote its oligomerization in a kinase-independent manner. Collectively, PTK2B enhances the oligomerization of TBK1 and STING via different mechanisms, subsequently regulating STING-TBK1 activation to ensure efficient antiviral innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jia #3 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
- Institute for Stem Cells and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, 100101, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jia #3 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cells and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, 100101, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Qili Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jia #3 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cells and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, 100101, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Zeng
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jia #3 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cells and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, 100101, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanxiang Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Yuxin Tong
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jia #3 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cells and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jia #3 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cells and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Dahua Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, China.
| | - Qinmiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jia #3 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cells and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, 100101, Beijing, China.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
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Meng H, Zhou J, Wang M, Zheng M, Xing Y, Wang Y. SARS-CoV-2 Papain-like Protease Negatively Regulates the NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway and Pyroptosis by Reducing the Oligomerization and Ubiquitination of ASC. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2799. [PMID: 38004809 PMCID: PMC10673202 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of viruses with hosts is complex, especially so with the antiviral immune systems of hosts, and the underlying mechanisms remain perplexing. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 may result in cytokine syndrome in the later stages, reflecting the activation of the antiviral immune response. However, viruses also encode molecules to negatively regulate the antiviral immune systems of hosts to achieve immune evasion and benefit viral replication during the early stage of infection. It has been observed that the papain-like protease (PLP) encoded by coronavirus could negatively regulate the host's IFNβ innate immunity. In this study, we first found that eight inflammasome-related genes were downregulated in CD14+ monocytes from COVID-19 patients. Subsequently, we observed that SARS-CoV-2 PLP negatively regulated the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, inhibited the secretion of IL-1β, and decreased the caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis of human monocytes. The mechanisms for this may arise because PLP coimmunoprecipitates with ASC, reduces ASC ubiquitination, and inhibits ASC oligomerization and the formation of ASC specks. These findings suggest that PLP may inhibit strong immune defenses and provide the maximum advantage for viral replication. This research may allow us to better understand the flex function of CoV-encoding proteases and provide a new perspective on the innate immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100015, China
- Bioinformatics Center of Academy of Military Medicine Science, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jianglin Zhou
- Bioinformatics Center of Academy of Military Medicine Science, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Bioinformatics Center of Academy of Military Medicine Science, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Mei Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Yaling Xing
- Bioinformatics Center of Academy of Military Medicine Science, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100015, China
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Chen WC, Yu WK, Su VYF, Hsu HS, Yang KY. NLRP3 Inflammasome Activates Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via Focal Adhesion Kinase Pathway in Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15813. [PMID: 37958797 PMCID: PMC10648980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has poor clinical outcomes despite antifibrotic treatment. The nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing receptor, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) were shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. However, the detailed mechanism is unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the regulation of EndoMT in pulmonary fibrosis. The inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome via a caspase-1 inhibitor, Ac-YVAD-cmk (YVAD), was intraperitoneally administered to male C57BL/6 mice (8-12 weeks old) one hour before bleomycin intratracheal injection (1.5 U/kg). Immunohistochemical staining, Masson's trichrome staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting were used to assess the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome and EndoMT in lung samples from mice. Human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) were used as a model of EndoMT in vitro with YVAD and bleomycin stimulation. We observed the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and EndoMT (decreased vascular endothelial cadherin with increased alpha-smooth muscle actin and vimentin) in the lung samples after bleomycin. However, inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome significantly reduces EndoMT via inhibiting focal adhesion kinase (FAK). In vitro studies also confirmed these findings. In conclusion, NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition could reduce lung inflammation and fibrosis via the regulation of EndoMT by the FAK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Chen
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (H.-S.H.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-K.Y.); (V.Y.-F.S.)
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuang Yu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-K.Y.); (V.Y.-F.S.)
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Vincent Yi-Fong Su
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-K.Y.); (V.Y.-F.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Han-Shui Hsu
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (H.-S.H.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-K.Y.); (V.Y.-F.S.)
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yao Yang
- Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (H.-S.H.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (W.-K.Y.); (V.Y.-F.S.)
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Amo-Aparicio J, Dominguez A, Atif SM, Dinarello A, Azam T, Alula KM, Piper M, Lieu CH, Lentz RW, Leal AD, Bagby SM, Messersmith WA, Karam SD, Dinarello CA, Pitts TM, Marchetti C. Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells Regulate NLRP3 Activation to Generate a Tolerogenic Microenvironment. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1899-1911. [PMID: 37772994 PMCID: PMC10510589 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Defining feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that participates in the high mortality rate and drug resistance is the immune-tolerant microenvironment which enables tumors to progress unabated by adaptive immunity. In this study, we report that PDAC cells release CSF-1 to induce nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) activation in myeloid cells. Increased NLRP3 expression was found in the pancreas of patients with PDAC when compared with normal pancreas which correlated with the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Using human primary cells and an orthotopic PDAC mouse model, we show that NLRP3 activation is responsible for the maturation and release of the inflammatory cytokine IL1β which selectively drives Th2-type inflammation via COX2/PGE2 induction. As a result of this inflammation, primary tumors were characterized by reduced cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell activation and increased tumor expansion. Genetic deletion and pharmacologic inhibition of NLRP3 enabled the development of Th1 immunity, increased intratumoral levels of IL2, CD8+ T cell–mediated tumor suppression, and ultimately limited tumor growth. In addition, we observed that NLRP3 inhibition in combination with gemcitabine significantly increased the efficacy of the chemotherapy. In conclusion, this study provides a mechanism by which tumor-mediated NLRP3 activation exploits a distinct adaptive immunity response that facilitates tumor escape and progression. Considering the ability to block NLRP3 activity with safe and small orally active molecules, this protein represents a new promising target to improve the limited therapeutic options in PDAC. SIGNIFICANT This study provides novel molecular insights on how PDAC cells exploit NLRP3 activation to suppress CD8 T-cell activation. From a translational perspective, we demonstrate that the combination of gemcitabine with the orally active NLRP3 inhibitor OLT1177 increases the efficacy of monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Amo-Aparicio
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Adrian Dominguez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Shaikh M. Atif
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Alberto Dinarello
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Tania Azam
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kibrom M. Alula
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Miles Piper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Christopher H. Lieu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Robert W. Lentz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Alexis D. Leal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Stacey M. Bagby
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Wells A. Messersmith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sana D. Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Charles A. Dinarello
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Todd M. Pitts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Carlo Marchetti
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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12
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Xia J, Jiang S, Dong S, Liao Y, Zhou Y. The Role of Post-Translational Modifications in Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076126. [PMID: 37047097 PMCID: PMC10093848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and subsequent formation of active caspase-1 as well as the maturation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and gasdermin D (GSDMD), mediating the occurrence of pyroptosis and inflammation. Aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome activation causes a variety of diseases. Therefore, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway is a target for prevention and treatment of relative diseases. Recent studies have suggested that NLRP3 inflammasome activity is closely associated with its post-translational modifications (PTMs). This review focuses on PTMs of the components of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the resultant effects on regulation of its activity to provide references for the exploration of the mechanisms by which the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated and controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Songhong Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Shiqi Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yonghong Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing 402460, China
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13
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He W, Dong H, Wu C, Zhong Y, Li J. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in sepsis: A potential therapeutic target. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109697. [PMID: 37724951 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the host immune imbalance following infection and leads to organ dysfunction, with highly complicated pathophysiology. To date, sepsis still lacks effective therapies with high mortality rates. Recently, numerous studies have highlighted the potential of NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target during sepsis. NLRP3 inflammasome is a protein complex that could induce the activation of caspase-1 and the following release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18. It was demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome was involved in the development and progression of sepsis. In contrast, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation could mitigate the inflammatory response, protect organ function, and improve outcomes and mortality. This paper illustrated the activation pathways of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its possible molecular mechanisms in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Meanwhile, the beneficial effects of inhibiting NLRP3 activation in sepsis-related organ damage were also presented. In addition, the diverse role of NLRP3 inflammasome in bacterial clearance was addressed. Of note, several herbal extracts targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of sepsis were emphasized. We hope that this paper could provide a basis for further drug research targeting NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiyun Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenfang Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanjun Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinxiu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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14
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Raghawan AK, Ramaswamy R, Swarup G. Cold-induced loss of interaction with HSC70 triggers inflammasome activity of familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome-causing mutants of NLRP3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 641:42-49. [PMID: 36521284 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
NLRP3 is a cytoplasmic receptor protein, which initiates caspase-1 mediated inflammatory immune response upon detection of invading pathogen or a wide array of internal distress signals. Several gain-of function mutations of NLRP3 cause hereditary disorder of cold-induced hyper-inflammation known as familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome-1 (FCAS1). Although, caspase-1 activation and downstream interleukin-1β/interleukin-18 maturation are common effectors in pathophysiology of this disorder, molecular mechanisms of how exposure to subnormal temperature triggers mutant NLRP3-inflammsome activity is not understood. Here, we show that endogenous NLRP3 is in complex with HSC70 (HSPA8), and this interaction is reduced upon exposure to cold. FCAS-causing NLRP3-L353P and NLRP3-R260W mutants show enhanced interaction with HSC70. Upon exposure to subnormal temperature, NLRP3-L353P and NLRP3-R260W show enhanced inflammasome formation, increased caspase-1 activation and reduced interaction with HSC70. Knockdown of HSC70 results in increased inflammasome formation by L353P and R260W mutants of NLRP3. Our results suggest that interaction with HSC70 suppresses inflammasome formation by FCAS-causing NLRP3 mutants at physiological temperature, and loss of this inhibitory association at subnormal temperature causes aggravated inflammasome formation and caspase-1 activation leading to interleukin-1β maturation. These results provide evidence for HSC70 being a cold-sensor and a temperature-dependent regulator of inflammatory signaling by FCAS-causing NLRP3 mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ghanshyam Swarup
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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15
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Guo Y, Sun CK, Tang L, Tan MS. Microglia PTK2B/Pyk2 in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 20:692-704. [PMID: 38321895 DOI: 10.2174/0115672050299004240129051655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly hereditary disease with complex genetic susceptibility factors. Extensive genome-wide association studies have established a distinct susceptibility link between the protein tyrosine kinase 2β (PTK2B) gene and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), but the specific pathogenic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. PTK2B is known to be expressed in neurons, and recent research has revealed its more important significance in microglia. Elucidating the role of PTK2B high expression in microglia in AD's progression is crucial for uncovering novel pathogenic mechanisms of the disease. Our review of existing studies suggests a close relationship between PTK2B/proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) and tau pathology, and this process might be β-amyloid (Aβ) dependence. Pyk2 is hypothesized as a pivotal target linking Aβ and tau pathologies. Concurrently, Aβ-activated Pyk2 participates in the regulation of microglial activation and its proinflammatory functions. Consequently, it is reasonable to presume that Pyk2 in microglia contributes to amyloid-induced tau pathology in AD via a neuroinflammatory pathway. Furthermore, many things remain unclear, such as identifying the specific pathways that lead to the release of downstream inflammatory factors due to Pyk2 phosphorylation and whether all types of inflammatory factors can activate neuronal kinase pathways. Additionally, further in vivo experiments are essential to validate this hypothesized pathway. Considering PTK2B/Pyk2's potential role in AD pathogenesis, targeting this pathway may offer innovative and promising therapeutic approaches for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Cheng-Kun Sun
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lian Tang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng-Shan Tan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
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16
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Guan Y, Gu Y, Li H, Liang B, Han C, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Wei W, Ma Y. NLRP3 inflammasome activation mechanism and its role in autoimmune liver disease. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1577-1586. [PMID: 36148948 PMCID: PMC9828325 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein binding compound comprising NLRP3, connector protein ASC, and effector protein pro-caspase-1. When the NLRP3 inflammasome senses a danger signal from the host or pathogen, activated caspase-1 cleaves the precursors of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 into mature proinflammatory cytokines, simultaneously causing lysis via the pore-forming protein gasdermin D. This induction of cell inflammatory pyroptosis suggests that it is a key process in the innate immune response to pathogens or cellular stress. Recent studies have shown that NLRP3 inflammasome also plays an important role in regulating autoimmune liver diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosclerotic cholangitis. In this review, we summarize the structure, activation and modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, highlight the progress in research on the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the occurrence and development of autoimmune liver diseases, and discuss potential strategies for targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of autoimmune liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Guan
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Yiyue Gu
- Department of Cardiologythe First People’s Hospital of XuzhouXuzhou221000China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Bo Liang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatologythe First Affiliated HospitalAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Chenchen Han
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-551-65161209; E-mail: (Y.M.) / E-mail: (W.W.) @ahmu.edu.cn
| | - Yang Ma
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-551-65161209; E-mail: (Y.M.) / E-mail: (W.W.) @ahmu.edu.cn
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17
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Fyn Signaling in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Potential and Therapeutic Implications. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:9112127. [PMID: 36157893 PMCID: PMC9499810 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9112127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke caused by arterial occlusion is the most common type of stroke and is one of the leading causes of disability and death, with the incidence increasing each year. Fyn is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the Src family of kinases (SFKs), which is related to many normal and pathological processes of the nervous system, including neurodevelopment and disease progression. In recent years, more and more evidence suggests that Fyn may be closely related to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, including energy metabolism disorders, excitatory neurotoxicity, intracellular calcium homeostasis, free radical production, and the activation of apoptotic genes. This paper reviews the role of Fyn in the pathological process of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, including neuroexcitotoxicity and neuroinflammation, to explore how Fyn affects specific signal cascades and leads to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, Fyn also promotes the production of superoxide and endogenous NO, so as to quickly react to produce peroxynitrite, which may also mediate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is discussed in this paper. Finally, we revealed the treatment methods related to Fyn inhibitors and discussed its potential as a clinical treatment for ischemic stroke.
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18
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Alves GF, Stoppa I, Aimaretti E, Monge C, Mastrocola R, Porchietto E, Einaudi G, Collotta D, Bertocchi I, Boggio E, Gigliotti CL, Clemente N, Aragno M, Fernandes D, Cifani C, Thiemermann C, Dianzani C, Dianzani U, Collino M. ICOS-Fc as innovative immunomodulatory approach to counteract inflammation and organ injury in sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:992614. [PMID: 36119089 PMCID: PMC9479331 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.992614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS), an immune checkpoint protein expressed on activated T cells and its unique ligand, ICOSL, which is expressed on antigen-presenting cells and non-hematopoietic cells, have been extensively investigated in the immune response. Recent findings showed that a soluble recombinant form of ICOS (ICOS-Fc) can act as an innovative immunomodulatory drug as both antagonist of ICOS and agonist of ICOSL, modulating cytokine release and cell migration to inflamed tissues. Although the ICOS-ICOSL pathway has been poorly investigated in the septic context, a few studies have reported that septic patients have reduced ICOS expression in whole blood and increased serum levels of osteopontin (OPN), that is another ligand of ICOSL. Thus, we investigated the pathological role of the ICOS-ICOSL axis in the context of sepsis and the potential protective effects of its immunomodulation by administering ICOS-Fc in a murine model of sepsis. Polymicrobial sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in five-month-old male wild-type (WT) C57BL/6, ICOS-/-, ICOSL-/- and OPN-/- mice. One hour after the surgical procedure, either CLP or Sham (control) mice were randomly assigned to receive once ICOS-Fc, F119SICOS-Fc, a mutated form uncapable to bind ICOSL, or vehicle intravenously. Organs and plasma were collected 24 h after surgery for analyses. When compared to Sham mice, WT mice that underwent CLP developed within 24 h a higher clinical severity score, a reduced body temperature, an increase in plasma cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10), liver injury (AST and ALT) and kidney (creatinine and urea) dysfunction. Administration of ICOS-Fc to WT CLP mice reduced all of these abnormalities caused by sepsis. Similar beneficial effects were not seen in CLP-mice treated with F119SICOS-Fc. Treatment of CLP-mice with ICOS-Fc also attenuated the sepsis-induced local activation of FAK, P38 MAPK and NLRP3 inflammasome. ICOS-Fc seemed to act at both sides of the ICOS-ICOSL interaction, as the protective effect was lost in septic knockout mice for the ICOS or ICOSL genes, whereas it was maintained in OPN knockout mice. Collectively, our data show the beneficial effects of pharmacological modulation of the ICOS-ICOSL pathway in counteracting the sepsis-induced inflammation and organ dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian Stoppa
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Aimaretti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Monge
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Raffaella Mastrocola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Porchietto
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Giacomo Einaudi
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Debora Collotta
- Department of Neurosciences (Rita Levi Montalcini), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bertocchi
- Department of Neurosciences (Rita Levi Montalcini), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Boggio
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Nausicaa Clemente
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Manuela Aragno
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniel Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Carlo Cifani
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Christoph Thiemermann
- William Harvey Research Institute, Bart’s and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimo Collino
- Department of Neurosciences (Rita Levi Montalcini), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Massimo Collino,
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19
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Shutova MS, Boehncke WH. Mechanotransduction in Skin Inflammation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132026. [PMID: 35805110 PMCID: PMC9265324 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the process of mechanotransduction, the cells in the body perceive and interpret mechanical stimuli to maintain tissue homeostasis and respond to the environmental changes. Increasing evidence points towards dysregulated mechanotransduction as a pathologically relevant factor in human diseases, including inflammatory conditions. Skin is the organ that constantly undergoes considerable mechanical stresses, and the ability of mechanical factors to provoke inflammatory processes in the skin has long been known, with the Koebner phenomenon being an example. However, the molecular mechanisms and key factors linking mechanotransduction and cutaneous inflammation remain understudied. In this review, we outline the key players in the tissue’s mechanical homeostasis, the available data, and the gaps in our current understanding of their aberrant regulation in chronic cutaneous inflammation. We mainly focus on psoriasis as one of the most studied skin inflammatory diseases; we also discuss mechanotransduction in the context of skin fibrosis as a result of chronic inflammation. Even though the role of mechanotransduction in inflammation of the simple epithelia of internal organs is being actively studied, we conclude that the mechanoregulation in the stratified epidermis of the skin requires more attention in future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S. Shutova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Department of Dermatology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Wolf-Henning Boehncke
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Department of Dermatology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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20
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Nanda SK, Vollmer S, Perez-Oliva AB. Posttranslational Regulation of Inflammasomes, Its Potential as Biomarkers and in the Identification of Novel Drugs Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:887533. [PMID: 35800898 PMCID: PMC9253692 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.887533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we have summarized classical post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, and SUMOylation of the different components of one of the most studied NLRP3, and other emerging inflammasomes. We will highlight how the discovery of these modifications have provided mechanistic insight into the biology, function, and regulation of these multiprotein complexes not only in the context of the innate immune system but also in adaptive immunity, hematopoiesis, bone marrow transplantation, as well and their role in human diseases. We have also collected available information concerning less-studied modifications such as acetylation, ADP-ribosylation, nitrosylation, prenylation, citrullination, and emphasized their relevance in the regulation of inflammasome complex formation. We have described disease-associated mutations affecting PTMs of inflammasome components. Finally, we have discussed how a deeper understanding of different PTMs can help the development of biomarkers and identification of novel drug targets to treat diseases caused by the malfunctioning of inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambit K. Nanda
- Bioscience Immunology, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), Gaithersburg, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Sambit K. Nanda, ; Stefan Vollmer, ; Ana B. Perez-Oliva,
| | - Stefan Vollmer
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), Gothenburg, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Sambit K. Nanda, ; Stefan Vollmer, ; Ana B. Perez-Oliva,
| | - Ana B. Perez-Oliva
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Sambit K. Nanda, ; Stefan Vollmer, ; Ana B. Perez-Oliva,
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21
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Alves GF, Aimaretti E, Einaudi G, Mastrocola R, de Oliveira JG, Collotta D, Porchietto E, Aragno M, Cifani C, Sordi R, Thiemermann C, Fernandes D, Collino M. Pharmacological Inhibition of FAK-Pyk2 Pathway Protects Against Organ Damage and Prolongs the Survival of Septic Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:837180. [PMID: 35178052 PMCID: PMC8843946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.837180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock are associated with high mortality and are considered one of the major public health concerns. The onset of sepsis is known as a hyper-inflammatory state that contributes to organ failure and mortality. Recent findings suggest a potential role of two non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases, namely Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), in the inflammation associated with endometriosis, cancer, atherosclerosis and asthma. Here we investigate the role of FAK-Pyk2 in the pathogenesis of sepsis and the potential beneficial effects of the pharmacological modulation of this pathway by administering the potent reversible dual inhibitor of FAK and Pyk2, PF562271 (PF271) in a murine model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. Five-month-old male C57BL/6 mice underwent CLP or Sham surgery and one hour after the surgical procedure, mice were randomly assigned to receive PF271 (25 mg/kg, s.c.) or vehicle. Twenty-four hours after surgery, organs and plasma were collected for analyses. In another group of mice, survival rate was assessed every 12 h over the subsequent 5 days. Experimental sepsis led to a systemic cytokine storm resulting in the formation of excessive amounts of both pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-6) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The systemic inflammatory response was accompanied by high plasma levels of ALT, AST (liver injury), creatinine, (renal dysfunction) and lactate, as well as a high, clinical severity score. All parameters were attenuated following PF271 administration. Experimental sepsis induced an overactivation of FAK and Pyk2 in liver and kidney, which was associated to p38 MAPK activation, leading to increased expression/activation of several pro-inflammatory markers, including the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin and the enzyme NOS-2 and myeloperoxidase. Treatment with PF271 inhibited FAK-Pyk2 activation, thus blunting the inflammatory abnormalities orchestrated by sepsis. Finally, PF271 significantly prolonged the survival of mice subjected to CLP-sepsis. Taken together, our data show for the first time that the FAK-Pyk2 pathway contributes to sepsis-induced inflammation and organ injury/dysfunction and that the pharmacological modulation of this pathway may represents a new strategy for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ferreira Alves
- Department of Neurosciences (Rita Levi Montalcini), University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Eleonora Aimaretti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Einaudi
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Raffaella Mastrocola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Debora Collotta
- Department of Neurosciences (Rita Levi Montalcini), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Porchietto
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Manuela Aragno
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo Cifani
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Regina Sordi
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Christoph Thiemermann
- William Harvey Research Institute, Bart's and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Massimo Collino
- Department of Neurosciences (Rita Levi Montalcini), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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22
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Joshi H, Almgren-Bell A, Anaya EP, Todd EM, Van Dyken SJ, Seth A, McIntire KM, Singamaneni S, Sutterwala F, Morley SC. L-plastin enhances NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110507. [PMID: 35294888 PMCID: PMC8998782 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage adhesion and stretching have been shown to induce interleukin (IL)-1β production, but the mechanism of this mechanotransduction remains unclear. Here we specify the molecular link between mechanical tension on tissue-resident macrophages and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which governs IL-1β production. NLRP3 activation enhances antimicrobial defense, but excessive NLRP3 activity causes inflammatory tissue damage in conditions such as pulmonary fibrosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. We find that the actin-bundling protein L-plastin (LPL) significantly enhances NLRP3 assembly. Specifically, LPL enables apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activation and recruitment domain (ASC) oligomerization during NLRP3 assembly by stabilizing ASC interactions with the kinase Pyk2, a component of cell-surface adhesive structures called podosomes. Upon treatment with exogenous NLRP3 activators, lung-resident alveolar macrophages (AMs) lacking LPL exhibit reduced caspase-1 activity, IL-1β cleavage, and gasdermin-D processing. LPL−/− mice display resistance to bleomycin-induced lung injury and fibrosis. These findings identify the LPL-Pyk2-ASC pathway as a target for modulation in NLRP3-mediated inflammatory conditions. In this study, Joshi et al. identify a crucial modulator, L-plastin, in lung inflammation. L-plastin supports the macrophage inflammatory response to enhance lung fibrosis during lung injury by connecting inflammation and mechanical stimuli in a process called mechanotransduction. The findings from this study will help determine efficient targets for diagnosis and treatment of lung inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Joshi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alison Almgren-Bell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Edgar P Anaya
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Todd
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven J Van Dyken
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anushree Seth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Katherine M McIntire
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Fayyaz Sutterwala
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sharon C Morley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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23
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Tanishita Y, Sekiya H, Inohara N, Tsuchiya K, Mitsuyama M, Núñez G, Hara H. Listeria toxin promotes phosphorylation of the inflammasome adaptor ASC through Lyn and Syk to exacerbate pathogen expansion. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110414. [PMID: 35196496 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasome activation exacerbates infectious disease caused by pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Although these pathogens activate host inflammasomes to regulate pathogen expansion, the mechanisms by which pathogen toxins contribute to inflammasome activation remain poorly understood. Here we show that activation of inflammasomes by Listeria infection is promoted by amino acid residue T223 of listeriolysin O (LLO) independently of its pore-forming activity. LLO T223 is critical for phosphorylation of the inflammasome adaptor ASC at amino acid residue Y144 through Lyn-Syk signaling, which is essential for ASC oligomerization. Notably, a Listeria mutant expressing LLO T223A is impaired in inducing ASC phosphorylation and inflammasome activation. Furthermore, the virulence of LLO T223A mutant is markedly attenuated in vivo due to impaired ability to activate the inflammasome. Our results reveal a function of a pathogen toxin that exacerbates infection by promoting phosphorylation of ASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tanishita
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hisateru Sekiya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Naohiro Inohara
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kohsuke Tsuchiya
- Division of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masao Mitsuyama
- Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Gabriel Núñez
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hideki Hara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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24
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Hulse J, Bhaskar K. Crosstalk Between the NLRP3 Inflammasome/ASC Speck and Amyloid Protein Aggregates Drives Disease Progression in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:805169. [PMID: 35185469 PMCID: PMC8850380 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.805169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two key pathological hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates and the chronic progressive neuroinflammation that they trigger. Numerous original research and reviews have provided a comprehensive understanding of how aggregated proteins (amyloid β, pathological tau, and α-synuclein) contribute to the disease, including driving sterile inflammation, in part, through the aggregation of multi-protein inflammasome complexes and the ASC speck [composed of NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase activation and recruitment domain (ASC), and inflammatory caspase-1] involved in innate immunity. Here, we provide a unique perspective on the crosstalk between the aggregation-prone proteins involved in AD/PD and the multi-protein inflammasome complex/ASC speck that fuels feed-forward exacerbation of each other, driving neurodegeneration. Failed turnover of protein aggregates (both AD/PD related aggregates and the ASC speck) by protein degradation pathways, prionoid propagation of inflammation by the ASC speck, cross-seeding of protein aggregation by the ASC speck, and pro-aggregatory cleavage of proteins by caspase-1 are some of the mechanisms that exacerbate disease progression. We also review studies that provide this causal framework and highlight how the ASC speck serves as a platform for the propagation and spreading of inflammation and protein aggregation that drives AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Hulse
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Kiran Bhaskar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States,Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States,*Correspondence: Kiran Bhaskar,
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25
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Zangiabadi S, Abdul-Sater AA. Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome by Posttranslational Modifications. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:286-292. [PMID: 35017218 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are important in human health and disease, whereby they control the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, two potent proinflammatory cytokines that play a key role in inflammatory responses to pathogens and danger signals. Several inflammasomes have been discovered over the past two decades. NLRP3 inflammasome is the best characterized and can be activated by a wide variety of inducers. It is composed of a sensor, NLRP3, an adapter protein, ASC, and an effector enzyme, caspase-1. After activation, caspase-1 mediates the cleavage and secretion of bioactive IL-1β and IL-18 via gasdermin-D pores in the plasma membrane. Aberrant activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes has been implicated in a multitude of human diseases, including inflammatory, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases. Therefore, several mechanisms have evolved to control their activity. In this review, we describe the posttranslational modifications that regulate NLRP3 inflammasome components, including ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and other forms of posttranslational modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safoura Zangiabadi
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali A Abdul-Sater
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Jiang C, Xie S, Yang G, Wang N. Spotlight on NLRP3 Inflammasome: Role in Pathogenesis and Therapies of Atherosclerosis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 14:7143-7172. [PMID: 34992411 PMCID: PMC8711145 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s344730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an intricate biological response of body tissues to detrimental stimuli. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and inflammation is well documented to play a role in the development of CVD, especially atherosclerosis (AS). Emerging evidence suggests that activation of the NOD-like receptor (NLR) family and the pyridine-containing domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is instrumental in inflammation and may result in AS. The NLRP3 inflammasome acts as a molecular platform that triggers the activation of caspase-1 and the cleavage of pro-interleukin (IL)-1β, pro-IL-18, and gasdermin D (GSDMD). The cleaved GSDMD forms pores in the cell membrane and initiates pyroptosis, inducing cell death and the discharge of intracellular pro-inflammatory factors. Hence, the NLRP3 inflammasome is a promising target for anti-inflammatory therapy against AS. In this review, we systematically summarized the current understanding of the activation mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome, and the pathological changes in AS involving NLRP3. We also discussed potential therapeutic strategies targeting NLRP3 inflammasome to combat AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunteng Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Santuan Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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27
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PHOrming the inflammasome: phosphorylation is a critical switch in inflammasome signalling. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:2495-2507. [PMID: 34854899 PMCID: PMC8786285 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are protein complexes in the innate immune system that regulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory cell death. Inflammasome activation and subsequent cell death often occur within minutes to an hour, so the pathway must be dynamically controlled to prevent excessive inflammation and the development of inflammatory diseases. Phosphorylation is a fundamental post-translational modification that allows rapid control over protein function and the phosphorylation of inflammasome proteins has emerged as a key regulatory step in inflammasome activation. Phosphorylation of inflammasome sensor and adapter proteins regulates their inter- and intra-molecular interactions, subcellular localisation, and function. The control of inflammasome phosphorylation may thus provide a new strategy for the development of anti-inflammatory therapeutics. Herein we describe the current knowledge of how phosphorylation operates as a critical switch for inflammasome signalling.
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28
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Li S, Wang L, Xu Z, Huang Y, Xue R, Yue T, Xu L, Gong F, Bai S, Wu Q, Liu J, Lin B, Zhang H, Xue Y, Xu P, Hou J, Yang X, Jin T, Zhou R, Lou J, Xu T, Bai L. ASC deglutathionylation is a checkpoint for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20202637. [PMID: 34342641 PMCID: PMC8340566 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is precisely controlled to avoid excessive activation. Although multiple molecules regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation have been revealed, the checkpoints governing NLRP3 inflammasome activation remain elusive. Here, we show that activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is governed by GSTO1-promoted ASC deglutathionylation in macrophages. Glutathionylation of ASC inhibits ASC oligomerization and thus represses activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages, unless GSTO1 binds ASC and deglutathionylates ASC at ER, under control of mitochondrial ROS and triacylglyceride synthesis. In macrophages expressing ASCC171A, a mutant ASC without glutathionylation site, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is GSTO1 independent, ROS independent, and signal 2 less dependent. Moreover, AscC171A mice exhibit NLRP3-dependent hyperinflammation in vivo. Our results demonstrate that glutathionylation of ASC represses NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and GSTO1-promoted ASC deglutathionylation at ER, under metabolic control, is a checkpoint for activating NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhang Li
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Rufeng Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Linfeng Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fanwu Gong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyu Bai
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qielan Wu
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bolong Lin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yanhong Xue
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pingyong Xu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Hou
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jizhong Lou
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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29
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Das B, Sarkar C, Rawat VS, Kalita D, Deka S, Agnihotri A. Promise of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitors in In Vivo Disease Models. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164996. [PMID: 34443594 PMCID: PMC8399941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are conserved cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that track the intracellular milieu for the existence of infection, disease-causing microbes, as well as metabolic distresses. The NLRP3 inflammasome agglomerates are consequent to sensing a wide spectrum of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Certain members of the NLR family have been documented to lump into multimolecular conglomerates called inflammasomes, which are inherently linked to stimulation of the cysteine protease caspase-1. Following activation, caspase-1 severs the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 to their biologically active forms, with consequent commencement of caspase-1-associated pyroptosis. This type of cell death by pyroptosis epitomizes a leading pathway of inflammation. Accumulating scientific documentation has recorded overstimulation of NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3) inflammasome involvement in a wide array of inflammatory conditions. IL-1β is an archetypic inflammatory cytokine implicated in multiple types of inflammatory maladies. Approaches to impede IL-1β’s actions are possible, and their therapeutic effects have been clinically demonstrated; nevertheless, such strategies are associated with certain constraints. For instance, treatments that focus on systemically negating IL-1β (i.e., anakinra, rilonacept, and canakinumab) have been reported to result in an escalated peril of infections. Therefore, given the therapeutic promise of an NLRP3 inhibitor, the concerted escalated venture of the scientific sorority in the advancement of small molecules focusing on direct NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition is quite predictable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswadeep Das
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel./Fax: +91-135-2462975
| | - Chayna Sarkar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Mawdiangdiang, Shillong 793018, Meghalaya, India;
| | - Vikram Singh Rawat
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Deepjyoti Kalita
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India; (D.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Sangeeta Deka
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India; (D.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Akash Agnihotri
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India;
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30
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Ritchey B, Hai Q, Han J, Barnard J, Smith JD. Genetic variant in 3' untranslated region of the mouse pycard gene regulates inflammasome activity. eLife 2021; 10:e68203. [PMID: 34197316 PMCID: PMC8248980 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative trait locus mapping for interleukin-1β release after inflammasome priming and activation was performed on bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) from an AKRxDBA/2 mouse strain intercross. The strongest associated locus mapped very close to the Pycard gene on chromosome 7, which codes for the inflammasome adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC). The DBA/2 and AKR Pycard genes only differ at a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in their 3' untranslated region (UTR). DBA/2 vs. AKR BMDM had increased levels of Pycard mRNA expression and ASC protein, and increased inflammasome speck formation, which was associated with increased Pycard mRNA stability without an increased transcription rate. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing was performed on DBA/2 embryonic stem cells to change the Pycard 3'UTR SNP from the DBA/2 to the AKR allele. This single base change significantly reduced Pycard expression and inflammasome activity after cells were differentiated into macrophages due to reduced Pycard mRNA stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Ritchey
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
| | - Qimin Hai
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
| | - Juying Han
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
| | - John Barnard
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
| | - Jonathan D Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
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31
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Lin HC, Chen YJ, Wei YH, Lin HA, Chen CC, Liu TF, Hsieh YL, Huang KY, Lin KH, Wang HH, Chen LC. Lactic Acid Fermentation Is Required for NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:630380. [PMID: 33854503 PMCID: PMC8039150 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.630380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the Nod-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is important for activation of innate immune responses, but improper and excessive activation can cause inflammatory disease. We previously showed that glycolysis, a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, is essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. Here, we investigated the role of metabolic pathways downstream glycolysis - lactic acid fermentation and pyruvate oxidation-in activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Using pharmacological or genetic approaches, we show that decreasing lactic acid fermentation by inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase reduced caspase-1 activation and IL-1β maturation in response to various NLRP3 inflammasome agonists such as nigericin, ATP, monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, or alum, indicating that lactic acid fermentation is required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase with GSK2837808A reduced lactate production and activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome regulator, phosphorylated protein kinase R (PKR), but did not reduce the common trigger of NLRP3 inflammasome, potassium efflux, or reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. By contrast, decreasing the activity of pyruvate oxidation by depletion of either mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2 (MPC2) or pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit alpha 1 (PDHA1) enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, suggesting that inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate transport enhanced lactic acid fermentation. Moreover, treatment with GSK2837808A reduced MSU-mediated peritonitis in mice, a disease model used for studying the consequences of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Our results suggest that lactic acid fermentation is important for NLRP3 inflammasome activation, while pyruvate oxidation is not. Thus, reprograming pyruvate metabolism in mitochondria and in the cytoplasm should be considered as a novel strategy for the treatment of NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Huei Wei
- Center for Mitochondrial Medicine and Free Radical Research, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Lin
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital SongShan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chou Chen
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital SongShan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Fan Liu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Hsieh
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Hsiao Wang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Chyang Chen
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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32
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Liang Z, Damianou A, Di Daniel E, Kessler BM. Inflammasome activation controlled by the interplay between post-translational modifications: emerging drug target opportunities. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:23. [PMID: 33627128 PMCID: PMC7905589 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by post-translational modifications (PTMs) of critical protein subunits has emerged as a key determinant in inflammatory processes as well as in pathophysiology. In this review, we put into context the kinases, ubiquitin processing and other PTM enzymes that modify NLRP3, ASC/PYCARD and caspase-1, leading to inflammasome regulation, activation and signal termination. Potential target therapeutic entry points for a number of inflammatory diseases focussed on PTM enzyme readers, writers and erasers, leading to the regulation of inflammasome function, are discussed. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Liang
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK. .,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
| | - Andreas Damianou
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Elena Di Daniel
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.,ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK. .,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), CAMS Oxford Institute (COI), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
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33
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Chang YW, Hung LC, Chen YC, Wang WH, Lin CY, Tzeng HH, Suen JL, Chen YH. Insulin Reduces Inflammation by Regulating the Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Immunol 2021; 11:587229. [PMID: 33679687 PMCID: PMC7933514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.587229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the platform for IL-1β maturation, aimed at mediating a rapid immune response against danger signals which must be tightly regulated. Insulin is well known as the critical hormone in the maintenance of glucose in physiologic response. Previous studies have proved insulin has the anti-inflammatory effect but the molecular mechanism of immunomodulation provided by insulin is not clear so far. Here we investigated whether insulin reduces inflammation by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome. In the present study, we used LPS and ATP to induce the intracellular formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Insulin inhibited the secretion of IL-1β by preventing the assembly of the ASC in THP-1 cells and human CD14+ monocyte-derived macrophages. The phosphorylation status of Syk, p38 mitogen−activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ASC were altered by insulin. These effects were attenuated in THP-1 cells transfected with small interfering RNA targeting insulin receptors. In vivo, administration of glucose–insulin–potassium reduced serum IL-1β level, intestinal ASC speck formation, local macrophage infiltration and alleviated intestinal injury in mice exposed to LPS. Insulin may play an immunomodulatory role in anti-inflammation by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Chang
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory, Taitung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Chien Hung
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Research Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Research Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Wang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Research Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Research Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Han Tzeng
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Ling Suen
- College of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Research Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun-Yet University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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34
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Gavrilin MA, Prather ER, Vompe AD, McAndrew CC, Wewers MD. cAbl Kinase Regulates Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis via ASC Phosphorylation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:1329-1336. [PMID: 33568399 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasome activation is regulated in part by the posttranslational modification of inflammasome proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation is one possible modification. Having previously shown that the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor AG126 greatly inhibits inflammasome activation, we sought to uncover the target kinase. To do this, we screened a commercial tyrosine kinase library for inhibition of inflammasome-dependent IL-18/IL-1β release and pyroptosis. THP-1 cells (human monocyte cell line) were incubated with PTK inhibitors (0.1, 1, and 10 μM) before stimulation with LPS followed by ATP. The PTK inhibitors DCC-2036 (Rebastinib) and GZD824, specific for Bcr-Abl kinase, showed the most severe reduction of IL-18 and lactate dehydrogenase release at all concentrations used. The suggested kinase target, cAbl kinase, was then deleted in THP-1 cells by CRISPR/Cas9 editing and then tested for its role in inflammasome function and potential to phosphorylate the inflammasome adaptor ASC. The cABL knockout not only significantly inhibited inflammasome function but also decreased release of phosphorylated ASC after LPS/ATP stimulation. One predicted target of cAbl kinase is tyrosine 146 in ASC. Complementation of ASC knockout THP-1 cells with mutated Y146A ASC significantly abrogated inflammasome activation and ASC oligomerization as compared with wild-type ASC complementation. Thus, these findings support cAbl kinase as a positive regulator of inflammasome activity and pyroptosis, likely via phosphorylation of ASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A Gavrilin
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; and .,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Evan R Prather
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; and.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Alex D Vompe
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Christian C McAndrew
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Mark D Wewers
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; and .,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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35
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Schwaid AG, Spencer KB. Strategies for Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Clinical and Preclinical Space. J Med Chem 2020; 64:101-122. [PMID: 33351619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome mediates inflammation in an extensive number of preclinical models. As excitement in this field has grown, several companies have recently initiated testing of direct NLRP3 inhibitors in the clinic. At the same time, the NLRP3 inflammasome is part of a larger pro-inflammatory pathway, whose modulation is also being explored. Multiple targets in this pathway are already impinged upon by molecules that have been through clinical trials. These data, informed by the growing mechanistic understanding of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the preclinical space, provide a rich backdrop to assess the current state of the field. Here we explore attempts to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome in light of clinical and preclinical data around efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Schwaid
- Chemical Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kerrie B Spencer
- Chemical Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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36
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Yang CC, Hsiao LD, Yang CM. Galangin Inhibits LPS-Induced MMP-9 Expression via Suppressing Protein Kinase-Dependent AP-1 and FoxO1 Activation in Rat Brain Astrocytes. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:945-960. [PMID: 33244253 PMCID: PMC7685391 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s276925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Neuroinflammation, characterized by the increased expression of inflammatory proteins such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), plays a critical role in neurodegenerative disorders. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to upregulate MMP-9 expression through the activation of various transcription factors, including activator protein 1 (AP-1) and forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1). The flavonoid 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (galangin) has been demonstrated to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various types of cells. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effect of galangin on LPS-induced MMP-9 expression in rat brain astrocytes (RBA-1 cells). Methods Pharmacological inhibitors and siRNAs were employed to explore the effects of galangin on LPS-challenged RBA-1 cells. Gelatin zymography, Western blotting, real-time PCR, and a luciferase reporter assay were used to detect MMP-9 activity, protein expression, mRNA levels, and promoter activity, respectively. The protein kinases involved in the LPS-induced MMP-9 expression were determined by Western blot. A chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was employed to evaluate the activity of c-Jun at the MMP-9 promoter. Results Galangin treatment attenuated the LPS-mediated induction of MMP-9 protein and mRNA expression, as well as the activity at the MMP-9 promoter. In addition, galangin exerted its inhibitory effects on MMP-9 expression through suppressing the LPS-stimulated activation of proline-rich tyrosine kinase (Pyk2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Pretreatment with galangin attenuated the LPS-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun and FoxO1. LPS-induced cell migration was also suppressed by galangin pretreatment. Conclusion Galangin attenuates the LPS-induced inflammatory responses, including the induction of MMP-9 expression and cell migration, via inhibiting Pyk2/PDGFRβ/PI3K/Akt/mTOR/JNK1/JNK2 and p44/p42 MAPK cascade-dependent AP-1 and FoxO1 activities. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms through which galangin mitigates LPS-induced inflammatory responses, and suggest novel strategies for the management of LPS-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Tao-Yuan, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Program for Biotch Pharmaceutical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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37
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Zhang C, Qin J, Zhang S, Zhang N, Tan B, Siwko S, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Chen J, Qian M, Liu M, Du B. ADP/P2Y 1 aggravates inflammatory bowel disease through ERK5-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mucosal Immunol 2020; 13:931-945. [PMID: 32518369 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are essential for inflammation and pathogen elimination in response to microbial infection and endogenous danger signals. However, the mechanism of inflammasome activation by endogenous danger signals mediated posttranslational modification and the connection between inflammasomes and inflammatory diseases remains elusive. In this study, we found that ADP was highly released from injured colonic tissue as a danger signal during inflammatory bowel disease. Consequently, extracellular ADP activated the NLRP3 inflammasome through P2Y1 receptor-mediated calcium signaling, which led to the maturation and secretion of IL-1β and further aggravation of experimental colitis. Genetic ablation or pharmacological blockade of the P2Y1 receptor significantly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis and endotoxic shock through reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, ERK5-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of ASC was essential for activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Thus, our study provides a novel theoretical basis for posttranslational modification of ASC in NLRP3 inflammasome activation and revealed that ADP/P2Y1 is a potential drug target for inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfei Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Juliang Qin
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Fengxian District Central Hospital, No. 6600 Nanfeng Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Binhe Tan
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Stefan Siwko
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Fengxian District Central Hospital, No. 6600 Nanfeng Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Jinlian Chen
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Fengxian District Central Hospital, No. 6600 Nanfeng Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai, 201499, China
| | - Min Qian
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Bing Du
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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38
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Kong X, Liao Y, Zhou L, Zhang Y, Cheng J, Yuan Z, Wang S. Hematopoietic Cell Kinase (HCK) Is Essential for NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:581011. [PMID: 33041826 PMCID: PMC7523510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.581011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome results in caspase 1 cleavage, which subsequently leads to IL-1β and IL-18 secretion, as well as pyroptosis, and aberrant activation of the inflammasome is involved in several diseases such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. NLRP3 activity is regulated by various kinases. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of the hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK), a member of the Src family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) primarily expressed in myeloid cells, has previously been shown to ameliorate inflammation, indicating that it may be involved in the regulation of microglia function. However, the underlying mechanism is not known. Hence, in this study, we aimed to investigate the role of HCK in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We demonstrated that HCK silencing inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, the HCK-specific inhibitor, A419259, attenuated the release of IL-1β and caspase 1(P20) from the macrophages and microglia and reduced the formation of the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein with a CARD domain (ASC) oligomer. We also observed that HCK binds to full length NLRP3 and its NBD(NACHT) and LRR domains, but not to the PYD domain. In vivo, the HCK inhibitor attenuated the LPS-induced inflammatory response in the liver of LPS-challenged mice. Collectively, these results suggested that HCK plays a critical role in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Our results will enhance current understanding regarding the effectiveness of HCK inhibitors for treating acute inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxi Kong
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajin Liao
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life & Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lujun Zhou
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbo Cheng
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life & Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shukun Wang
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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39
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McKee CM, Coll RC. NLRP3 inflammasome priming: A riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:937-952. [PMID: 32745339 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0720-513r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome is an immunological sensor that detects a wide range of microbial- and host-derived signals. Inflammasome activation results in the release of the potent pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and triggers a form of inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. Excessive NLRP3 activity is associated with the pathogenesis of a wide range of inflammatory diseases, thus NLRP3 activation mechanisms are an area of intensive research. NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a tightly regulated process that requires both priming and activation signals. In particular, recent research has highlighted the highly complex nature of the priming step, which involves transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms, and numerous protein binding partners. This review will describe the current understanding of NLRP3 priming and will discuss the potential opportunities for targeting this process therapeutically to treat NLRP3-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe M McKee
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Antrim, UK
| | - Rebecca C Coll
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Antrim, UK
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40
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Spalinger MR, Schwarzfischer M, Scharl M. The Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Inflammasome Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155481. [PMID: 32751912 PMCID: PMC7432435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multi-protein complexes that mediate the activation and secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. More than half a decade ago, it has been shown that the inflammasome adaptor molecule, ASC requires tyrosine phosphorylation to allow effective inflammasome assembly and sustained IL-1β/IL-18 release. This finding provided evidence that the tyrosine phosphorylation status of inflammasome components affects inflammasome assembly and that inflammasomes are subjected to regulation via kinases and phosphatases. In the subsequent years, it was reported that activation of the inflammasome receptor molecule, NLRP3, is modulated via tyrosine phosphorylation as well, and that NLRP3 de-phosphorylation at specific tyrosine residues was required for inflammasome assembly and sustained IL-1β/IL-18 release. These findings demonstrated the importance of tyrosine phosphorylation as a key modulator of inflammasome activity. Following these initial reports, additional work elucidated that the activity of several inflammasome components is dictated via their phosphorylation status. Particularly, the action of specific tyrosine kinases and phosphatases are of critical importance for the regulation of inflammasome assembly and activity. By summarizing the currently available literature on the interaction of tyrosine phosphatases with inflammasome components we here provide an overview how tyrosine phosphatases affect the activation status of inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne R. Spalinger
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-255-3794
| | - Marlene Schwarzfischer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Scharl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.S.)
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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41
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Cbl Negatively Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation through GLUT1-Dependent Glycolysis Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145104. [PMID: 32707731 PMCID: PMC7404051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the nod-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes is crucial for immune defense, but improper and excessive activation causes inflammatory diseases. We previously reported that Cbl plays a pivotal role in suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inhibiting Pyk2-mediated apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) oligomerization. Here, we showed that Cbl dampened NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inhibiting glycolysis, as demonstrated with Cbl knockout cells and treatment with the Cbl inhibitor hydrocotarnine. We revealed that the inhibition of Cbl promoted caspase-1 cleavage and interleukin (IL)-1β secretion through a glycolysis-dependent mechanism. Inhibiting Cbl increased cellular glucose uptake, glycolytic capacity, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity. Upon NLRP3 inflammasome activation, inhibiting Cbl increased glycolysis-dependent activation of mitochondrial respiration and increased the production of reactive oxygen species, which contributes to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion. Mechanistically, inhibiting Cbl increased surface expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) protein through post-transcriptional regulation, which increased cellular glucose uptake and consequently raised glycolytic capacity, and in turn enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Together, our findings provide new insights into the role of Cbl in NLRP3 inflammasome regulation through GLUT1 downregulation. We also show that a novel Cbl inhibitor, hydrocortanine, increased NLRP3 inflammasome activity via its effect on glycolysis.
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Chung IC, Chen LC, Tsang NM, Chuang WY, Liao TC, Yuan SN, OuYang CN, Ojcius DM, Wu CC, Chang YS. Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Complex Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Predicts Patient Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:142-154. [PMID: 31723016 PMCID: PMC6944234 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that tumor inflammasomes play a key role in tumor control and act as favorable prognostic markers in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Activated inflammasomes frequently form distinguishable specks and govern the cellular secretion of IL-1β. However, we know little about the biological and biochemical differences between cells with and without apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) speck formation. In this study, we used proteomic iTRAQ analysis to analyze the proteomes of NPC cells that differ in their ASC speck formation upon cisplatin treatment. We identified proteins that were differentially over-expressed in cells with specks, and found that they fell into two Gene ontology (GO) pathways: mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and ubiquinone metabolism. We observed up-regulation of various components of the OxPhos machinery (including NDUFB3, NDUFB8 and ATP5B), and subsequently found that these changes lead to mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production, which promotes the formation and activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and subsequent pyroptosis. In NPC patients, better local recurrence-free survival was significantly associated with high-level expression of NDUFB8 (p = 0.037) and ATP5B (p = 0.029), as examined using immunohistochemistry. However, there were no significant associations between the expression of NDUFB8 and ATP5B with overall survival of NPC patients. Together, our results demonstrate that up-regulated mitochondrial OxPhos components are strongly associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation in NPC. Our findings further suggest that high-level expression of OxPhos components could be markers for local recurrence and/or promising therapeutic targets in patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Che Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Chyang Chen
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
| | - Ngan-Ming Tsang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Liao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ning Yuan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nan OuYang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, California 94103; Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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EFLA 945 restricts AIM2 inflammasome activation by preventing DNA entry for psoriasis treatment. Cytokine 2019; 127:154951. [PMID: 31837587 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects about 2% of the general population. Activation of the Absent in Melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome is crucial for immune defense, but it can also cause inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis. We currently lack an AIM2 inflammasome inhibitor that could be used therapeutically. Here, we show that EFLA 945, a safe product of red grape vine leaf extracts, can restrict AIM2 inflammasome activation. Mechanistically, EFLA945 prevents DNA entry into THP-1-derived macrophages, and thereby inhibits cytoplasmic DNA-dependent apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) oligomerization, caspase-1 activation, and the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The major phytochemicals of EFLA 945, resveratrol and peonidin 3-O-glucoside (P3G), appear to be the potential bioactive compounds responsible for its ability to restrict AIM2-dependent IL-1β secretion. Importantly, in an in vivo mouse model, EFLA 945 attenuates imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-related pro-inflammatory responses in topical psoriatic skin, including caspase-1 activation, IL-1β maturation, and IL-17 production, and decreases the severity of psoriasis. Together, these results demonstrate that the safe natural product, EFLA 945, can restrict the AIM2 inflammasome activation through preventing DNA entry and may prove beneficial for treating psoriasis.
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44
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Darweesh M, Kamel W, Gavrilin MA, Akusjärvi G, Svensson C. Adenovirus VA RNAI Blocks ASC Oligomerization and Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2791. [PMID: 31849970 PMCID: PMC6901988 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus infected immune cells can rapidly respond to the invader by activating the inflammasome and as a consequence release proinflammatory cytokines and eventually die by pyroptosis. In human adenovirus-5 (Ad5) infected THP-1 cells, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation was demonstrated by a decreased secretion of HMGB1 and matured forms of caspase-1and IL-1ß. An Ad5 mutant virus defective in expression of the non-coding VA RNAI failed to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome and in addition displayed formation of ASC specks and increased cell lysis. Importantly, in vitro synthesized VA RNAI was able to inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome activity in THP-1 cells in the absence of an Ad5 infection, suggesting that VA RNAI binding to PKR and blocking its function is sufficient for inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Although the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation required the phylogenetically conserved base paired tetranucleotide sequence in the central stem of VA RNAI, we demonstrate that PKR binding to VA RNAI primarily protected the apical stem, but not the tetranucleotide sequence itself. VA RNAI did not influence the interaction between PKR and NLRP3. In contrast, we describe a novel interaction between PKR and ASC and further show that VA RNAI inhibited ASC phosphorylation and oligomerization. Collectively, our results indicate a novel role for Ad5 VA RNAI as an inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by targeting the cellular pro-inflammatory protein PKR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Darweesh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Al-Azhr University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wael Kamel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikhail A Gavrilin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Göran Akusjärvi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Catharina Svensson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying H Shen
- From the Michael E. Debakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (Y.H.S.)
| | - Jun-Ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (J.-i.A.)
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46
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Mambwe B, Neo K, Javanmard Khameneh H, Leong KWK, Colantuoni M, Vacca M, Muimo R, Mortellaro A. Tyrosine Dephosphorylation of ASC Modulates the Activation of the NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasomes. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1556. [PMID: 31333677 PMCID: PMC6624653 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is an intracellular multi-protein complex that orchestrates the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and a form of cell death known as pyroptosis. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the inflammasome sensors NLRP3, AIM2, NLRC4, and the adaptor protein, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) has previously been demonstrated to be essential in the regulation of the inflammasome. By using the pharmacological protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) inhibitor, phenylarsine oxide (PAO), we have demonstrated that tyrosine dephosphorylation is an essential step for the activation of the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes in human and murine macrophages. We have also shown that PTPase activity is required for ASC nucleation leading to caspase-1 activation, IL-1β, and IL-18 processing and release, and cell death. Furthermore, by site-directed mutagenesis of ASC tyrosine residues, we have identified the phosphorylation of tyrosine Y60 and Y137 of ASC as critical for inflammasome assembly and function. Therefore, we report that ASC tyrosine dephosphorylation and phosphorylation are crucial events for inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bezaleel Mambwe
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Diseases, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kurt Neo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hanif Javanmard Khameneh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith Weng Kit Leong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mariasilvia Colantuoni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,International PhD Program in Molecular Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Vacca
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richmond Muimo
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Diseases, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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47
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Hasan S, Rahman WU, Sebo P, Osicka R. Distinct Spatiotemporal Distribution of Bacterial Toxin-Produced Cellular cAMP Differentially Inhibits Opsonophagocytic Signaling. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11060362. [PMID: 31226835 PMCID: PMC6628411 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11060362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid phagocytes have evolved to rapidly recognize invading pathogens and clear them through opsonophagocytic killing. The adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) of Bordetella pertussis and the edema toxin (ET) of Bacillus anthracis are both calmodulin-activated toxins with adenylyl cyclase activity that invade host cells and massively increase the cellular concentrations of a key second messenger molecule, 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). However, the two toxins differ in the kinetics and mode of cell entry and generate different cAMP concentration gradients within the cell. While CyaA rapidly penetrates cells directly across their plasma membrane, the cellular entry of ET depends on receptor-mediated endocytosis and translocation of the enzymatic subunit across the endosomal membrane. We show that CyaA-generated membrane-proximal cAMP gradient strongly inhibits the activation and phosphorylation of Syk, Vav, and Pyk2, thus inhibiting opsonophagocytosis. By contrast, at similar overall cellular cAMP levels, the ET-generated perinuclear cAMP gradient poorly inhibits the activation and phosphorylation of these signaling proteins. Hence, differences in spatiotemporal distribution of cAMP produced by the two adenylyl cyclase toxins differentially affect the opsonophagocytic signaling in myeloid phagocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Hasan
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Waheed Ur Rahman
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Sebo
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Radim Osicka
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
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48
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Chung IC, OuYang CN, Yuan SN, Lin HC, Huang KY, Wu PS, Liu CY, Tsai KJ, Loi LK, Chen YJ, Chung AK, Ojcius DM, Chang YS, Chen LC. Pretreatment with a Heat-Killed Probiotic Modulates the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Attenuates Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer in Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030516. [PMID: 30823406 PMCID: PMC6471765 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Inflammation contributes to cancer development and inflammatory bowel disease is an important risk factor for CRC. The aim of this study is to assess whether a widely used probiotic Enterococcus faecalis can modulate the NLRP3 inflammasome and protect against colitis and colitis-associated CRC. We studied the effect of heat-killed cells of E. faecalis on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in THP-1-derived macrophages. Pretreatment of E. faecalis or NLRP3 siRNA can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages in response to fecal content or commensal microbes, P. mirabilis or E. coli, according to the reduction of caspase-1 activation and IL-1β maturation. Mechanistically, E. faecalis attenuates the phagocytosis that is required for the full activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In in vivo mouse experiments, E. faecalis can ameliorate the severity of intestinal inflammation and thereby protect mice from dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and the formation of CRC in wild type mice. On the other hand, E. faecalis cannot prevent DSS-induced colitis in NLRP3 knockout mice. Our findings indicate that application of the inactivated probiotic, E. faecalis, may be a useful and safe strategy for attenuation of NLRP3-mediated colitis and inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Che Chung
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Nan OuYang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Ning Yuan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Chung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Pao-Shu Wu
- Department of Pathology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yuan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan.
| | - Kuen-Jou Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan.
| | - Lai-Keng Loi
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Minutesg University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 251, Taiwan.
| | - An-Ko Chung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - David M Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Pacific Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA.
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan.
| | - Lih-Chyang Chen
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.
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Joshi H, Morley SC. Cells under stress: The mechanical environment shapes inflammasome responses to danger signals. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:119-125. [PMID: 30645000 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir1118-417r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many intracellular signals, such as host danger-associated molecules and bacterial toxins during infection, elicit inflammasome activation. However, the mechanical environment in tissues may also influence the sensitivity of various inflammasomes to activation. The cellular mechanical environment is determined by the extracellular tissue stiffness, or its inverse, tissue compliance. Tissue stiffness is sensed by the intracellular cytoskeleton through a process termed mechanotransduction. Thus, extracellular compliance and the intracellular cytoskeleton may regulate the sensitivity of inflammasome activation. Control of proinflammatory signaling by tissue compliance may contribute to the pathogenesis of diseases such as ventilator-induced lung injury during bacterial pneumonia and tissue fibrosis in inflammatory disorders. The responsible signaling cascades in inflammasome activation pathways and mechanotransduction crosstalk are not yet fully understood. This rather different immunomodulatory perspective will be reviewed and open questions discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Joshi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sharon Celeste Morley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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50
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Ghiasi SM, Dahllöf MS, Osmai Y, Osmai M, Jakobsen KK, Aivazidis A, Tyrberg B, Perruzza L, Prause MCB, Christensen DP, Fog-Tonnesen M, Lundh M, Grassi F, Chatenoud L, Mandrup-Poulsen T. Regulation of the β-cell inflammasome and contribution to stress-induced cellular dysfunction and apoptosis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 478:106-114. [PMID: 30121202 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
β-Cells may be a source of IL-1β that is produced as inactive pro-IL-1β and processed into biologically-active IL-1β by enzymatic cleavage mediated by the NLRP1-, NLRP3- and NLRC4-inflammasomes. Little is known about the β-cell inflammasomes. NLRP1-expression was upregulated in islet-cells from T2D-patients and by IL-1β+IFNγ in INS-1 cells in a histone-deacetylase dependent manner. NLRP3 was downregulated by cytokines in INS-1 cells. NLRC4 was barely expressed and not regulated by cytokines. High extracellular K+ reduced cytokine-induced apoptosis and NO production and restored cytokine-inhibited accumulated insulin-secretion. Basal inflammasome expression was JNK1-3 dependent. Knock-down of the ASC interaction domain common for NLRP1 and 3 improved insulin secretion and ameliorated IL-1β and/or glucolipotoxicity-induced cell death and reduced cytokine-induced NO-production. Broad inflammasome-inhibition, but not NLRP3-selective inhibition, protected against IL-1β-induced INS-1 cell-toxicity. We suggest that IL-1β causes β-cell toxicity in part by NLRP1 mediated caspase-1-activation and maturation of IL-1β leading to an autocrine potentiation loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mojtaba Ghiasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mattias Salling Dahllöf
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yama Osmai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mirwais Osmai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kathrine Kronberg Jakobsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Aivazidis
- Translational Science, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björn Tyrberg
- Translational Science, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisa Perruzza
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | - Dan Ploug Christensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Fog-Tonnesen
- Diabetes Biology and Hagedorn Research Institute, Novo Nordisk, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Lundh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fabio Grassi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Lucienne Chatenoud
- Hospital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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