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Liu Q, Liu C, Lei B. siRNA Mediated Downregulation of RhoA Expression Reduces Oxidative Induced Apoptosis in Retinal Ganglion Cells. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:630-636. [PMID: 37171014 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230511095628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness. Apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is an important mechanism of glaucomatous optic injury. Rho kinase expression is significantly increased in apoptotic RGCs. This study aimed to investigate the role of RhoA, a Rho GTPase, on the survival of RGCs and further to explore its potential therapeutic applications. METHODS RGCs were treated with siRhoA for 24 hours in vitro. Knockdown of RhoA was confirmed with quantitative RT-PCR. Oxidative stress was induced by treating the RGCs with 200 μM of H2O2 for 1 hour, and apoptosis of RGCs was quantified with TUNEL assay in situ, and with flow cytometry. The mRNA expression levels of RhoA, Nogo receptor, caspase 3 and Bcl-2 were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR, and the protein levels of RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2, Nogo receptor, caspase 3 and Bcl-2 were evaluated by Western blot. We found siRhoA treatment efficiently downregulated the expression of RhoA in RGCs and protected against H2O2-induced injury in RGCs in vitro. Apoptosis of RGC cells under oxidative stress was quantified in situ using TUNEL assay and confirmed with flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS With the knockdown of RhoA, the expression of ROCK1, ROCK2, Nogo Receptor, Casepase-3 were decreased, while the expression of Bcl-2 was increased in both mRNA and protein level. Our data indicated that siRhoA prevented H2O2-induced apoptosis in RGC cells by modulating the RhoA/ROCK pathway. CONCLUSION The results suggested that siRhoA may exert potentially effective neuroprotection for RGCs by reducing injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Changgeng Liu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
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Chu GG, Wang J, Ding ZB, Yin JZ, Song LJ, Wang Q, Huang JJ, Xiao BG, Ma CG. Hydroxyfasudil regulates immune balance and suppresses inflammatory responses in the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110791. [PMID: 37619413 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system (CNS) disease with complicated etiology. Multifocal demyelination and invasion of inflammatory cells are its primary pathological features. Fasudil has been confirmed to improve experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. However, Fasudil is accompanied by several shortcomings in the clinical practice. Hydroxyfasudil is a metabolite of Fasudil in the body with better pharmaceutical properties. Therefore, we attempted to study the influence of Hydroxyfasudil upon EAE mice. The results demonstrated that Hydroxyfasudil relieved the symptoms of EAE and the associated pathological damage, reduced the adhesion molecules and chemokines, decreased the invasion of peripheral immune cells. Simultaneously, Hydroxyfasudil modified the rebalance of peripheral T cells. Moreover, Hydroxyfasudil shifted the M1 phenotype to M2 polarization, inhibited inflammatory signaling cascades as well as inflammatory factors, and promoted anti-inflammatory factors in the CNS. In the end, mice in the Hydroxyfasudil group expressed more tight junction proteins, indirectly indicating that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was protected. Our results indicate that Hydroxyfasudil may be a prospective treatment for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Guo Chu
- The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Dept. of Neurology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Ding
- The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China; Dept. of Neurology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Jin-Zhu Yin
- Dept. of Neurosurgery/The Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Disease of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission, Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital, Datong 037003, China
| | - Li-Juan Song
- The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China; Dept. of Neurosurgery/The Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Disease of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission, Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital, Datong 037003, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Dept. of Neurology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jian-Jun Huang
- Dept. of Neurosurgery/The Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Neurological Disease of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission, Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital, Datong 037003, China
| | - Bao-Guo Xiao
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Cun-Gen Ma
- The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China.
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Liu P, Xiao Z, Lu X, Zhang X, Huang J, Li C. Fasudil and SR1001 synergistically protect against sepsis-associated pancreatic injury by inhibiting RhoA/ROCK pathway and Th17/IL-17 response. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20118. [PMID: 37809525 PMCID: PMC10559842 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a dysregulated host response to infection that can result in organ dysfunction and high mortality, which needs more effective treatment urgently. Pancreas is one of the most vulnerable organs in sepsis, resulting in sepsis-associated pancreatic injury, which is a fatal complication of sepsis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combination of fasudil and SR1001 on sepsis-associated pancreatic injury and to explore the underlying mechanisms. The model of sepsis-associated pancreatic injury was induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Pancreatic injury was evaluated by HE staining, histopathological scores and amylase activity. The frequency of Th17 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Serum IL-17 level was determined by ELISA. Protein levels of RORγt, p-STAT3, GEF-H1, RhoA and ROCK1 were determined by Western blot. The apoptosis of pancreatic cells was examined by TUNEL analysis and Hoechst33342/PI staining. Compared to the sham group, the model group showed significant pathological injury including edema, hyperemia, vacuolization and necrosis. After treatment with fasudil, model mice showed an obvious reduction of Th17 cells and IL-17. SR1001 significantly reduced the expressions of GEF-H1, RhoA and ROCK1 in the model mice. The combination treatment with fasudil and SR1001 significantly inhibited the differentiation of Th17 cells, expressions of IL-17, GEF-H1, RhoA and ROCK1, which were more effective than each mono-treatment. In addition, our data revealed a remarkable decrease of apoptosis in pancreatic acinar cells culturing with fasudil or SR1001, which was further inhibited by their combination culture. Lipopolysaccharide remarkably upregulated the differentiation of Th17 cells in vitro, which could be significantly downregulated by fasudil or SR1001, and further downregulated by their combination treatment. Taken together, the combination of fasudil with SR1001 has a synergistic effect on protecting against sepsis-associated pancreatic injury in C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Liu
- Department of Emergency, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Emergency Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhenghui Xiao
- Department of Emergency, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Emergency Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiulan Lu
- Department of Emergency, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Emergency Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xinping Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Emergency Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jiaotian Huang
- Department of Emergency, Key Laboratory of Pediatric Emergency Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, PR China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, PR China
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Rizk FH, El-Saka MH, Ibrahim RR, El-Deeb OS, Ibrahim HA, El Saadany AA, Mashal SS, Ammar L, Abdelsattar AM, Barhoma RA. Possible mitigating effect of adropin on lung injury in diabetic rats: Targeting the role of Rho A/Rho-associated kinase pathway. Biofactors 2023; 49:928-939. [PMID: 37103121 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated possible mitigating effect of adropin on lung injury in diabetic rats, targeting role of Rho A/Rho-associated kinase pathway. Rats were allocated into four groups: control, adropin, diabetic, and diabetic+adropin groups. At the termination of the experiment, serum fasting glucose, insulin and adropin levels and insulin resistance were calculated. Wet/dry ratio, histopathological, immunohistochemical analyses, and relative real time gene expression of lung tissue was determined. Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, malondialdehyde, 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, Bcl-2, BAX, myeloperoxidase, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and transforming growth factor-β were determined in lung tissue. Adropin treatment in diabetic rats notably attenuated hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Also, it mitigated diabetic lung injury via suppressing effect on Rho A/ROCK pathway, apoptosis, inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, and fibrosis of lung tissue. Adropin can be considered as a promising therapeutic agent for treating diabetic lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma H Rizk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Mervat H El-Saka
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Rowida Raafat Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Omnia Safwat El-Deeb
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Hoda A Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Amira A El Saadany
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa S Mashal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Leila Ammar
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | | | - Ramez A Barhoma
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
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Liu H, Wang G, Zhao J, Hu J, Mu Y, Gu W. Association of skin autofluorescence with depressive symptoms and the severity of depressive symptoms: The prospective REACTION study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 154:106285. [PMID: 37148715 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Millions of people are afflicted by depression, a highly prevalent mental illness with increased morbidity and mortality. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are potential risk factors for depression. We aimed to investigate the correlation of AGEs with depressive symptoms and the severity of depressive symptoms. METHODS This study was nested in the prospective REACTION (Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals) study and included 4420 eligible participants. skin autofluorescence (SAF) was used to measure skin AGEs. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of AGEs with depressive symptoms and the severity of depressive symptoms. RESULTS Logistic analysis showed a significantly positive relationship between quartiles of SAF-AGEs and the risk of depressive symptoms with the OR [95% confidence interval (CI), p value] of 1.24 (95% CI: 1.03-1.50, p = 0.022), 1.39 (95% CI: 1.15-1.68, p = 0.001) and 1.57 (95% CI: 1.28-1.91, p < 0.001) for multivariable-adjusted model respectively. And SAF-AGEs were associated with the severity of depressive symptoms with the multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI, p value) of 1.06 (95% CI:0.79-1.43, p = 0.681), 1.47 (95% CI: 1.08-1.99, p = 0.014), and 1.54 (95% CI: 1.12-2.11, p = 0.008) respectively. Stratified analyses showed that SAF-AGEs were significantly associated with the severity of depressive symptoms only in females, overweight people, individuals with hypertension, and those without diabetes and insomnia. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that a higher SAF-AGEs level was associated with depressive symptoms and the severity of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Guoqi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Weijun Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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Xu C, Miao H, Chen X, Zhang H. Cellular mechanism of action of forsythiaside for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1096536. [PMID: 36712665 PMCID: PMC9880420 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1096536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) becomes the leading cause of death for end-stage renal disease, whereas the potential mechanism is unclear and effective therapy is still rare. Our study was designed to investigate the cellular mechanism of Forsythiaside against DKD. Materials and Methods: The targets of Forsythiaside and the DKD-related targets were obtained from databases. The overlapping targets in these two sets were regarded as potential targets for alleviation of DKD by Forsythiaside. The targets of diabetic podocytopathy and tubulopathy were also detected to clarify the mechanism of Forsythiaside ameliorating DKD from the cellular level. Results: Our results explored that PRKCA and RHOA were regarded as key therapeutic targets of Forsythiaside with excellent binding affinity for treating DKD podocytopathy. Enrichment analysis suggested the underlying mechanism was mainly focused on the oxidative stress and mTOR signaling pathway. The alleviated effects of Forsythiaside on the reactive oxidative species accumulation and PRKCA and RHOA proteins upregulation in podocytes were also confirmed. Conclusion: The present study elucidates that Forsythiaside exerts potential treatment against DKD which may act directly RHOA and PRKCA target by suppressing the oxidative stress pathway in podocytes. And Forsythiaside could be regarded as one of the candidate drugs dealing with DKD in future experimental or clinical researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Chunmei Xu, ; Haiqing Zhang,
| | - Huikai Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Chunmei Xu, ; Haiqing Zhang,
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Juranek J, Mukherjee K, Kordas B, Załęcki M, Korytko A, Zglejc-Waszak K, Szuszkiewicz J, Banach M. Role of RAGE in the Pathogenesis of Neurological Disorders. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:1248-1262. [PMID: 35729453 PMCID: PMC9554177 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review reflects upon our own as well as other investigators' studies on the role of receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), bringing up the latest information on RAGE in physiology and pathology of the nervous system. Over the last ten years, major progress has been made in uncovering many of RAGE-ligand interactions and signaling pathways in nervous tissue; however, the translation of these discoveries into clinical practice has not come to fruition yet. This is likely, in part to be the result of our incomplete understanding of this crucial signaling pathway. Clinical trials examining the therapeutic efficacy of blocking RAGE-external ligand interactions by genetically engineered soluble RAGE or an endogenous RAGE antagonist, has not stood up to its promise; however, other trials with different blocking agents are being considered with hope for therapeutic success in diseases of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judyta Juranek
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-085, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Konark Mukherjee
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Bernard Kordas
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-085, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Michał Załęcki
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Korytko
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-085, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamila Zglejc-Waszak
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-085, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jarosław Szuszkiewicz
- Department of Materials and Machines Technology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Banach
- Department of Neurology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, 31-008, Kraków, Poland.
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TNF-α Plus IL-1β Induces Opposite Regulation of Cx43 Hemichannels and Gap Junctions in Mesangial Cells through a RhoA/ROCK-Dependent Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710097. [PMID: 36077498 PMCID: PMC9456118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Connexin 43 (Cx43) is expressed in kidney tissue where it forms hemichannels and gap junction channels. However, the possible functional relationship between these membrane channels and their role in damaged renal cells remains unknown. Here, analysis of ethidium uptake and thiobarbituric acid reactive species revealed that treatment with TNF-α plus IL-1β increases Cx43 hemichannel activity and oxidative stress in MES-13 cells (a cell line derived from mesangial cells), and in primary mesangial cells. The latter was also accompanied by a reduction in gap junctional communication, whereas Western blotting assays showed a progressive increase in phosphorylated MYPT (a target of RhoA/ROCK) and Cx43 upon TNF-α/IL-1β treatment. Additionally, inhibition of RhoA/ROCK strongly antagonized the TNF-α/IL-1β-induced activation of Cx43 hemichannels and reduction in gap junctional coupling. We propose that activation of Cx43 hemichannels and inhibition of cell-cell coupling during pro-inflammatory conditions could contribute to oxidative stress and damage of mesangial cells via the RhoA/ROCK pathway.
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Mechanical Stretch Promotes Macrophage Polarization and Inflammation via the RhoA-ROCK/NF-κB Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6871269. [PMID: 35915804 PMCID: PMC9338847 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6871269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages play an essential role in the pathogenesis of most inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have shown that mechanical load can influence macrophage function, leading to excessive and uncontrolled inflammation and even systemic damage, including cardiovascular disease and knee osteoarthritis. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, murine RAW264.7 cells were treated with mechanical stretch (MS) using the Flexcell-5000T Tension System. The expression of inflammatory factors and cytokine release were measured by RT-qPCR, ELISA, and Western blotting. The protein expression of NF-κB p65, Iκb-α, p-Iκb-α, RhoA, ROCK1, and ROCK2 was also detected by Western blotting. Then, Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of macrophage subsets. Meanwhile, Y-27632 dihydrochloride, a ROCK inhibitor, was added to knockdown ROCK signal transduction in cells. Our results demonstrated that MS upregulated mRNA expression and increased the secretion levels of proinflammatory factors iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Additionally, MS significantly increased the proportion of CD11b+CD86+ and CD11b+CD206+ subsets in RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, the protein expression of RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2, NF-κB p65, and IκB-α increased in MS-treated RAW264.7 cells, as well as the IL-6 and iNOS. In contrast, ROCK inhibitor significantly blocked the activation of RhoA-ROCK and NF-κB pathway, decreased the protein expression of IL-6 and iNOS, reduced the proportion of CD11b+CD86+ cells subpopulation, and increased the proportion of CD11b+CD206+ cell subpopulation after MS. These data indicate that mechanical stretch can regulate the RAW264.7 macrophage polarization and enhance inflammatory responses in vitro, which may contribute to activation the RhoA-ROCK/NF-κB pathway.
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Wang W, Li C, Zhuang C, Zhang H, Wang Q, Fan X, Qi M, Sun R, Yu J. Research on the Mechanism and Prevention of Hypertension Caused by Apatinib Through the RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway in a Mouse Model of Gastric Cancer. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:873829. [PMID: 35811723 PMCID: PMC9262125 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.873829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the main adverse effects of antiangiogenic tumor drugs and thus limits their application. The mechanism of hypertension caused by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial growth factors is mainly related to inhibition of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway and activation of the endothelin pathway, as well as vascular rarefaction and increased salt sensitivity; consequently, prevention and treatment differ for this type of hypertension compared with primary hypertension. Apatinib is a highly selective TKI approved in China for the treatment of advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. The RhoA/ROCK pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension and mediates smooth muscle contraction, eNOS inhibition, endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. In this study, in vivo experiments were performed to explore whether the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway is part of a possible mechanism of apatinib in the treatment of gastric cancer-induced hypertension and the impairment of vascular remodeling and left ventricular function. Y27632, a selective small inhibitor of both ROCK1 and ROCK2, was combined with apatinib, and its efficacy was evaluated, wherein it can reduce hypertension induced by apatinib treatment in gastric cancer mice and weaken the activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway by apatinib and a high-salt diet (HSD). Furthermore, Y-27632 improved aortic remodeling, fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction, superior mesenteric artery endothelial injury, left ventricular dysfunction and cardiac fibrosis in mice by weakening the activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway. The expression of RhoA/ROCK pathway-related proteins and relative mRNA levels in mice after apatinib intervention were analyzed by various methods, and blood pressure and cardiac function indexes were compared. Endothelial and cardiac function and collagen levels in the aorta were also measured to assess vascular and cardiac fibrosis and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of this type of hypertension.
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Yang R, Xu S, Zhang X, Zheng X, Liu Y, Jiang C, Liu J, Shang X, Fang S, Zhang J, Yin Z, Pan K. Cyclocarya paliurus triterpenoids attenuate glomerular endothelial injury in the diabetic rats via ROCK pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115127. [PMID: 35219820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja. (C. paliurus) is a distinctive traditional Chinese herb, with remarkable hypoglycemic capacity. Emerging evidence suggested that glomerular endothelial injury is a crucial pathological process of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Our previous research found that C. paliurus triterpenoids fraction (CPT) has ameliorative effects on DKD. However, whether C. paliurus could counteract the glomerular endothelial injury of DKD is still undefined. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the effects of CPT on glomerular endothelial function and explore its underlying mechanisms with in vivo and in vitro experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects and possible mechanisms of CPT on glomerular endothelial injury in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and H2O2-challenged primary rat glomerular endothelial cells were successively investigated. RESULTS In vivo, we found that CPT treatment obviously decreased the levels of blood glucose, microalbumin, BUN and mesangial expansion. Additionally, CPT could ameliorate renal endothelium function by reducing the content of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, and blocking the loss of glycocalyx. In vitro, CPT could also alleviate H2O2-induced endothelial injury. Mechanistically, CPT remarkably increased the phosphorylation levels of Akt and eNOS, decreased the expression of ROCK and Arg2in vivo and in vitro. Noticeably, the favorable effects mediated by CPT were abolished following ROCK overexpression with plasmid transfection. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that CPT could be sufficient to protect against glomerular endothelial injury in DKD through regulating ROCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China; Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Susu Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Xian Zheng
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Jianjing Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Xulan Shang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Shengzuo Fang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China.
| | - Zhiqi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Ke Pan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Fu X, Wang J, Cai H, Jiang H, Han S. C16 Peptide and Ang-1 Improve Functional Disability and Pathological Changes in an Alzheimer’s Disease Model Associated with Vascular Dysfunction. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040471. [PMID: 35455468 PMCID: PMC9025163 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorder characterized by neuronal cell death, tau pathology, and excessive inflammatory responses. Several vascular risk factors contribute to damage of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), secondary leak-out of blood vessels, and infiltration of inflammatory cells, which aggravate the functional disability and pathological changes in AD. Growth factor angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) can stabilize the endothelium and reduce endothelial permeability by binding to receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (Tie2). C16 peptide (KAFDITYVRLKF) selectively binds to integrin ανβ3 and competitively inhibits leukocyte transmigration into the central nervous system by interfering with leukocyte ligands. In the present study, 45 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: vehicle group, C16 peptide + Ang1 (C + A) group, and sham control group. The vehicle and C + A groups were subjected to two-vessel occlusion (2-VO) with artery ligation followed by Aβ1-42 injection into the hippocampus. The sham control group underwent sham surgery and injection with an equal amount of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) instead of Aβ1-42. The C + A group was administered 1 mL of drug containing 2 mg of C16 and 400 µg of Ang-1 daily for 2 weeks. The sham control and vehicle groups were administered 1 mL of PBS for 2 weeks. Our results showed that treatment with Ang-1 plus C16 improved functional disability and reduced neuronal death by inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration, protecting vascular endothelial cells, and maintaining BBB permeability. The results suggest that these compounds may be potential therapeutic agents for AD and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Fu
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.W.); (H.C.); (H.J.)
| | - Huaying Cai
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.W.); (H.C.); (H.J.)
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.W.); (H.C.); (H.J.)
| | - Shu Han
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-8820-8318
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13
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Wang F, Fan J, Pei T, He Z, Zhang J, Ju L, Han Z, Wang M, Xiao W. Effects of Shenkang Pills on Early-Stage Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice via Inhibiting AURKB/RacGAP1/RhoA Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:781806. [PMID: 35222021 PMCID: PMC8873791 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.781806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, so there is an urgent need to suppress its development at early stage. Shenkang pills (SKP) are a hospital prescription selected and optimized from effective traditional Chinese medicinal formulas for clinical treatment of DN. In the present study, liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) and total contents qualification were applied to generate a quality control standard of SKP. For verifying the therapeutic effects of SKP, db/db mice were administered intragastrically with SKP at a human-equivalent dose (1.82 g/kg) for 4 weeks. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of SKP were analyzed by the renal RNA sequencing and network pharmacology. LC-Q-TOF-MS identified 46 compounds in SKP. The total polysaccharide and organic acid content in SKP were 4.60 and 0.11 mg/ml, respectively, while the total flavonoid, saponin, and protein content were 0.25, 0.31, and 0.42 mg/ml, respectively. Treatment of SKP significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, improved renal function, and ameliorated glomerulosclerosis and focal foot processes effacement in db/db mice. In addition, SKP protected podocytes from injury by increasing nephrin and podocin expression. Furthermore, transcriptome analyses revealed that 430 and 288 genes were up and down-regulated in mice treated with SKP, relative to untreated controls. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes mainly involved in modulation of cell division and chromosome segregation. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and network pharmacology analysis indicated that aurora kinase B (AURKB), Rac GTPase activating protein 1 (RacGAP1) and SHC binding, and spindle associated 1 (shcbp1) might be the core targets of SKP. This protein and Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) were found overexpression in db/db mice, but significantly decreased with SKP treatment. We conclude that SKP can effectively treat early-stage DN and improve renal podocyte dysfunction. The mechanism may involve down-regulation of the AURKB/RacGAP1/RhoA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Xiao
- *Correspondence: Mingqing Wang, ; Wei Xiao,
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14
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Wan H, Wang Y, Pan Q, Chen X, Chen S, Li X, Yao W. Quercetin attenuates the proliferation, inflammation, and oxidative stress of high glucose-induced human mesangial cells by regulating the miR-485-5p/YAP1 pathway. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:20587384211066440. [PMID: 35129398 PMCID: PMC8832592 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211066440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a kidney damage caused by diabetes and the main cause of end-stage renal disease. However, the current treatment of DN has many limitations. Quercetin is a bioflavonoid compound with therapeutic benefits in metabolic diseases. This study aims to determine the therapeutic potentials and underlying mechanism of quercetin on DN. Methods We collected blood samples from DN patients and healthy controls and treated human mesangial cells (HMCs) with high glucose (HG) to establish an in vitro model of DN. Then we assessed the expression difference of miR-485-5p as well as YAP1 in serum of DN patients and healthy controls and between HG-induced HMCs and control cells. qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to assess miR-485-5p and YAP1 expression levels; CCK-8 and ELISAs were used to examine cell proliferation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Dual luciferase reporter assay was implemented to detect the binding of miR-485-5p and YAP1 mRNA sequence. Results Quercetin suppressed proliferation, inflammation, and oxidative stress of HMCs induced by HG. As for mechanism, miR-485-5p directly bound to YAP1 and inhibited YAP1 expression. The downregulation of miR-485-5p and upregulation of YAP1 were also observed in the serum of DN patients. Quercetin modulated miR-485-5p/YAP1 axis to regulate HG-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Conclusion: Quercetin inhibits the proliferation, inflammation, and oxidative stress of HMCs induced by HG through miR-485-5p/YAP1 axis, which might provide a novel treatment strategy for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wan
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Qingyun Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Xia Chen
- Department ofTraditional Chinese Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Sijun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Paediatrics, the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Weiguo Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Jinshan Branch of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai
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15
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Guo F, Abulati A, Wang JW, Jiang J, Zhang WX, Chen PD, Yao L, Mao XM. Flavonoids of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt alleviate the oxidative stress and inflammation of glomerular mesangial cells in diabetic nephropathy via RhoA/ROCK signaling. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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16
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Geng Z, Dong B, Lv W, Wang Z, Wang X, Huang Y, Wang Y, Xu L. LncRNA ZFAS1 regulates the proliferation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammation of high glucose-induced human mesangial cells via the miR-588/ROCK1 axis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:21. [PMID: 35090549 PMCID: PMC8796624 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00791-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a critical and the most common microvascular complication and its pathogenesis is still faintly understood. Thus, this study was performed to examine the long non-coding RNA ZNFX1 Antisense Gene Protein 1 (lncRNA ZFAS1) biological function and mechanism of regulation in DN. METHOD Human glomerular mesangial cells (HGMC) were induced with high glucose (HG, 25 mM) to establish HG-induced cell viability, pro-inflammation observed in DN. After, target miRNA and mRNA were predicted through Lncbase and Targetscan. Subsequently, the expression of ZFAS1, miR-588, and ROCK1 in DN clinical samples and cell-model was examined through qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. We upheld the targeted interaction between miR-588 and ZFAS1 or ROCK1 through a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The proliferation of the cell was also examined through CCK-8 assay, while the level of HG-induced oxidative stress was established by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and also the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the cell. Lastly, the level of accumulated extracellular matrix (ECM) protein-fibronectin and collagen type IV, and inflammatory cytokines produced by the cell was analyzed through western blot analysis and ELISA. RESULTS ZFAS1 was significantly upregulated in the DN blood samples and HG-induced HGMC. Prediction result revealed that the ZFAS1 endogenously targets the miR-588 seed sequence while miR-588 plays a role in post-transcriptional regulation of ROCK1 mRNA. Moreover, we found that miR-588 expression was significantly downregulated in DN blood samples and negatively correlates with ZFAS1 expression. Further results show that silencing ZFAS1 had a protective effect on HG-induced proliferation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammation in HGMC while miR-588 inhibition and ROCK1 overexpression reversed this effect. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data suggest that ZFAS1 regulates the proliferation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and inflammation of high glucose-induced diabetic nephropathy through the miR-588/ROCK1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Geng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingzi Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshan Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongchao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - YaJing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Shu A, Du Q, Chen J, Gao Y, Zhu Y, Lv G, Lu J, Chen Y, Xu H. Catalpol ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in diabetic nephropathy via suppression of RAGE/RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 348:109625. [PMID: 34416245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Catalpol is an iridoid glycoside compound isolated from the root of Rehmannia glutinosa, which has been reported to be a promising candidate for the treatment of diabetic diseases. The present study aimed at investigating the effects and potential mechanism of catalpol on endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in diabetic nephropathy (DN). We constructed DN mice and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced mouse glomerular endothelial cells (mGECs) injury model. The results demonstrated that catalpol effectively improved renal pathology and decreased levels of urine protein, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen in DN mice. Catalpol significantly reduced endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory infiltration of macrophages in DN mice and AGEs-induced mGECs. To further study the protective mechanism of catalpol, we transfected DN mice with recombinant adeno-associated virus expressing receptor of AGEs (RAGE) and intervened AGEs-induced mGECs with inhibitors. Catalpol reversed endothelial dysfunction and inflammation aggravated by RAGE overexpression in DN mice. Meanwhile, catalpol significantly inhibited the RAGE/Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) pathway in DN mice with RAGE overexpression. Moreover, the combination of catalpol with inhibitors of RAGE, RhoA and ROCK exerted stronger anti-endothelial dysfunction and anti-macrophage infiltration effects on AGEs-induced mGECs compared with catalpol alone. In short, this study indicated that catalpol could ameliorate endothelial dysfunction and inflammation via suppression of RAGE/RhoA/ROCK pathway, hereby delaying the progression of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmei Shu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224005, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Qiu Du
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliate of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210022, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yuyan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yihui Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Gaohong Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jinfu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yuping Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224005, China.
| | - Huiqin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory for Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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18
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Wang Q, Shen Z, Qi G, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Wang R. Thymol alleviates AGEs-induced podocyte injury by a pleiotropic effect via NF-κB-mediated by RhoA/ROCK signalling pathway. Cell Adh Migr 2021; 14:42-56. [PMID: 32028827 PMCID: PMC7757830 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2020.1721172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGE) are those of the most powerful pathogenic factors that related to diabetic complications. In our study, we investigated the beneficial effects of thymol on AGE induced cell injury and apoptosis in human podocytes (HPCs) and attempted to clarify its mechanisms. Our results revealed that stimulation with AGE could significantly activate RhoA/NF-κB pathway. Results showed thymol could markedly suppress inflammatory responses, cell apoptosis and disordered cytoskeleton. Also thymol restored the expression of podocin, restrained migration capacity. Western blot analysis indicated that it could restore the expression of RhoA, ROCK and vimentin, nephrin, podocin and p65 and IκBα phosphorylation. Moreover, si-RhoA also suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ROCK, and vimentin and the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα. In conclusion, thymol inhibits AGE-induced cell injury in HPCs by suppressing the RhoA-NF-κB pathway and may be apromising therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenwei Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, WuXi Clinical Development Service (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghui Qi
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Hospital of Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongge Zhang
- Department of Urological Surgery, Tengzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Huang T, Li X, Wang F, Lu L, Hou W, Zhu M, Miao C. The CREB/KMT5A complex regulates PTP1B to modulate high glucose-induced endothelial inflammatory factor levels in diabetic nephropathy. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:333. [PMID: 33782381 PMCID: PMC8005662 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the primary microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and may result in end-stage renal disease. The overproduction of various inflammatory factors is involved in the pathogenesis of DN. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) modulates the expression of a series of cytokines and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity. cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and lysine methyltransferase 5A (KMT5A) have been reported to participate in the maintenance of a healthy endothelium. In the present study, we hypothesise that CREB associates with KMT5A to modulate PTP1B expression, thus contributing to high glucose-mediated glomerular endothelial inflammation. Our analyses revealed that plasma inflammatory factor levels, glomerular endothelial p65 phosphorylation and PTP1B expression were increased in DN patients and rats. In vitro, high glucose increased endothelial inflammatory factor levels and p65 phosphorylation by augmenting PTP1B expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, high glucose decreased CREB and KMT5A expression. CREB overexpression and KMT5A overexpression both inhibited high glucose-induced PTP1B expression, p65 phosphorylation and endothelial inflammatory factor levels. si-CREB- and sh-KMT5A-induced p65 phosphorylation and endothelial inflammatory factor levels were reversed by si-PTP1B. Furthermore, CREB was associated with KMT5A. Mechanistic research indicated that CREB and histone H4 lysine 20 methylation (H4K20me1, a downstream target of KMT5A) occupy the PTP1B promoter region. sh-KMT5A augmented PTP1B promoter activity and activated the positive effect of si-CREB on PTP1B promoter activity. Our in vivo study demonstrated that CREB and KMT5A were downregulated in glomerular endothelial cells of DN patients and rats. In conclusion, CREB associates with KMT5A to promote PTP1B expression in vascular endothelial cells, thus contributing to hyperglycemia-induced inflammatory factor levels in DN patients and rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lihong Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenting Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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20
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Ma JQ, Li LS, Li YH, Hu YZ. PLCε1 mediates one-lung ventilation injury by regulating the p38/RhoA/NFκB activation loop. Mol Immunol 2021; 133:135-145. [PMID: 33662817 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholipase C epsilon-1 (PLCε1) might be a novel and potential target in treating inflammatory conditions. In the present study, we aimed to clarify whether PLCε1 is involved in lung injury caused by one-lung ventilation (OLV) and to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of PLCε1-mediated signaling pathway on OLV induced inflammatory response and injury. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into wide-type (PLCε1-WT) group and PLCε1-KO group, and were treated with OLV for 0.5 h, 1 h, and 2 h respectively. Observation of lung tissue injury in rats was performed by Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Wet/dry (W/D) radios. In addition, pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) transfected with PLCε1-si RNA, were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To explore the possible roles of PLCε1 in the OLV induced inflammatory injury and the involved pathway underlying, the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) of OLV rats, as well as the PMVECs were prepared for further analysis. Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression of pro-inflammatory factors. The activities of related pathway proteins (NF-κB, phospho-p38, p38, phospho-ERK1/2, ERK1/2, RhoA and ROCK) were also detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. RESULTS Compared to the PLCε1-WT rats, PLCε1-KOrats exhibited marked alleviation of lung inflammation as shown by great reduction in lung wet/dry weight ratios, decreases in the expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators, and declines in the number of neutrophils and the protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Moreover, the increased expressions of RhoA and NF-κB p65 mRNA induced by OLV were significantly inhibited in PLCε1-KO rats. In LPS treated PMVECs, PLCε1-si RNA transfection ones also showed the decrease expression of proinflammatory mediators, reduction in p38 phosphorylation levels and downregulation of RhoA/ROCK signaling activation. Co-cultured with PLCε1-si RNA and BTRB796 (p38 inhibitors) in LPS-stimulated PMVECs resulted in a significant reduction in RhoA and NF-κB activity. In addition, treatment with either ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632) or dominant negative mutant of RhoA (RhoT19 N) significantly reduced the expression of NF-κB in PLCε1-si RNA treated PMVECs. CONCLUSION The results indicated that PLCε1 played an important role in the inflammatory response induced by OLV. Moreover, through promoting p38/RhoA/ROCK activation loop, PLCε1 promoted NF-κB activation and thereby increased the expressions of inflammatory mediators, which induced the PMVECs inflammation and subsequent injury. The results of this study provide a potential therapeutic target for the reduction of inflammatory response in patients with OLV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qin Ma
- Experimental Center of Medical Function, Kunming Medical University, No 1168 West Chunrong Rd, Kunming,650500, China
| | - Li-Sha Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No 157 Jinbi Rd, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yan-Hua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No 157 Jinbi Rd, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yu-Zhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, No 157 Jinbi Rd, Kunming, 650032, China
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Liu H, He J, Wu Y, Du Y, Jiang Y, Chen C, Yu Z, Zhong J, Wang Z, Cheng C, Sun X, Huang Z. Endothelial Regulation by Exogenous Annexin A1 in Inflammatory Response and BBB Integrity Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:627110. [PMID: 33679307 PMCID: PMC7930239 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.627110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Target Following brain trauma, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption and inflammatory response are critical pathological steps contributing to secondary injury, leading to high mortality and morbidity. Both pathologies are closely associated with endothelial remodeling. In the present study, we concentrated on annexin A1 (ANXA1) as a novel regulator of endothelial function after traumatic brain injury. Methods After establishing controlled cortical impact (CCI) model in male mice, human recombinant ANXA1 (rANXA1) was administered intravenously, followed by assessments of BBB integrity, brain edema, inflammatory response, and neurological deficits. Result Animals treated with rANXA1 (1 μg/kg) at 1 h after CCI exhibited optimal BBB protection including alleviated BBB disruption and brain edema, as well as endothelial junction proteins loss. The infiltrated neutrophils and inflammatory cytokines were suppressed by rANXA1, consistent with decreased adhesive and transmigrating molecules from isolated microvessels. Moreover, rANXA1 attenuated the neurological deficits induced by CCI. We further found that the Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) inhibition has similar effect as rANXA1 in ameliorating brain injuries after CCI, whereas rANXA1 suppressed CCI-induced RhoA activation. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the endothelial remodeling by exogenous rANXA1 corrects BBB disruption and inflammatory response through RhoA inhibition, hence improving functional outcomes in CCI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao Campus), Qingdao, China
| | - Junchi He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yinghua Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhanyang Yu
- Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jianjun Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao Campus), Qingdao, China
| | - Chongjie Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhijian Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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22
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Du Q, Fu YX, Shu AM, Lv X, Chen YP, Gao YY, Chen J, Wang W, Lv GH, Lu JF, Xu HQ. Loganin alleviates macrophage infiltration and activation by inhibiting the MCP-1/CCR2 axis in diabetic nephropathy. Life Sci 2020; 272:118808. [PMID: 33245967 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The theory of inflammation is one of the important theories in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We herein aimed to explore whether loganin affected macrophage infiltration and activation upon diabetic nephropathy (DN) by a spontaneous DN mice and a co-culture system of glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) and macrophage cells (RAW264.7) which was induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs). METHODS AND KEY FINDINGS Loganin showed remarkable capacity on protecting renal from damage by mitigating diabetic symptoms, improving the histomorphology of the kidney, decreasing the expression of extracellular matrix such as FN, COL-IV and TGF-β, reversing the production of IL-12 and IL-10 and decreasing the number of infiltrating macrophages in the kidney. Moreover, loganin showed markedly effects by suppressing iNOS and CD16/32 expressions (M1 markers), increasing Arg-1 and CD206 expressions (M2 markers), which were the phenotypic transformation of macrophage. These effects may be attributed to the inhibition of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) /monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)/CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) signaling pathway, with significantly down-regulated expressions of RAGE, MCP-1 and CCR2 by loganin. Loganin further decreased MCP-1 secretion when RAGE was silenced, which means other target was involved in regulating the MCP-1 expression. While loganin combinated with the inhibitor of CCR2 exerted stronger anti-inhibition effects of iNOS expression, suggesting that CCR2 was the target of loganin in regulating the activation of macrophages. SIGNIFICANCE Loganin could ameliorate DN kidney damage by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and activation via the MCP-1/CCR2 signaling pathway in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Du
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying-Xue Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - An-Mei Shu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China; Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yu-Ping Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Yan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gao-Hong Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-Fu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui-Qin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China.
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23
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Abstract
Nonalcoholic hepatitis (NASH) is the progressive inflammatory form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Although the mechanisms of hepatic inflammation in NASH remain incompletely understood, emerging literature implicates the proinflammatory environment created by toxic lipid-induced hepatocyte injury, termed lipotoxicity. Interestingly, numerous NASH-promoting kinases in hepatocytes, immune cells, and adipocytes are activated by the lipotoxic insult associated with obesity. In the current review, we discuss recent advances in NASH-promoting kinases as disease mediators and therapeutic targets. The focus of the review is mainly on the mitogen-activated protein kinases including mixed lineage kinase 3, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 MAPK; the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress kinases protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase and inositol-requiring protein-1α; as well as the Rho-associated protein kinase 1. We also discuss various pharmacological agents targeting these stress kinases in NASH that are under different phases of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar H. Ibrahim
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology in the Department of Pediatrics, Rochester, Minnesota.,Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology in the Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Petra Hirsova
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology in the Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Harmeet Malhi
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology in the Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gregory J. Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology in the Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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24
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Sol M, Kamps JAAM, van den Born J, van den Heuvel MC, van der Vlag J, Krenning G, Hillebrands JL. Glomerular Endothelial Cells as Instigators of Glomerular Sclerotic Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:573557. [PMID: 33123011 PMCID: PMC7573930 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.573557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular endothelial cell (GEnC) dysfunction is important in the pathogenesis of glomerular sclerotic diseases, including Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and overt diabetic nephropathy (DN). GEnCs form the first cellular barrier in direct contact with cells and factors circulating in the blood. Disturbances in these circulating factors can induce GEnC dysfunction. GEnC dysfunction occurs in early stages of FSGS and DN, and is characterized by a compromised endothelial glycocalyx, an inflammatory phenotype, mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, aberrant cell signaling, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). GEnCs are in an interdependent relationship with podocytes and mesangial cells, which involves bidirectional cross-talk via intercellular signaling. Given that GEnC behavior directly influences podocyte function, it is conceivable that GEnC dysfunction may culminate in podocyte damage, proteinuria, subsequent mesangial activation, and ultimately glomerulosclerosis. Indeed, GEnC dysfunction is sufficient to cause podocyte injury, proteinuria and activation of mesangial cells. Aberrant gene expression patterns largely contribute to GEnC dysfunction and epigenetic changes seem to be involved in causing aberrant transcription. This review summarizes literature that uncovers the importance of cross-talk between GEnCs and podocytes, and GEnCs and mesangial cells in the context of the development of FSGS and DN, and the potential use of GEnCs as efficacious cellular target to pharmacologically halt development and progression of DN and FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Sol
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan A A M Kamps
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jacob van den Born
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marius C van den Heuvel
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Johan van der Vlag
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Guido Krenning
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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25
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Shi J, Xiao P, Liu X, Chen Y, Xu Y, Fan J, Yin Y. Notch3 Modulates Cardiac Fibroblast Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transition via Negative Regulation of the RhoA/ROCK/Hif1α Axis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:669. [PMID: 32695015 PMCID: PMC7339920 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological process in multiple cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI). Abnormal cardiac fibroblast (CF) activity is a key event in cardiac fibrosis. Although the Notch signaling pathway has been reported to play a vital role in protection from cardiac fibrosis, the exact mechanisms underlying cardiac fibrosis and protection from it have not yet been elucidated. Similarly, Hif1α and the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway have been shown to participate in cardiac fibrosis. The RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway has been reported to be an upstream pathway of Hif1α in several pathophysiological processes. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of notch3 on CF activity and its relationship with the RhoA/ROCK/Hif1α signaling pathway. Using in vitro experiments, we demonstrated that notch3 inhibited CF proliferation and fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT) and promoted CF apoptosis. A knockdown of notch3 using siRNAs had the exact opposite effect. Next, we found that notch3 regulated CF activity by negative regulation of the RhoA/ROCK/Hif1α signaling pathway. Extending CF-based studies to an in vivo rat MI model, we showed that overexpression of notch3 by the Ad-N3ICD injection attenuated the increase of RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2, and Hif1α levels following MI and further prevented MI-induced cardiac fibrosis. On the basis of these results, we conclude that notch3 is involved in the regulation of several aspects of CF activity, including proliferation, FMT, and apoptosis, by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK/Hif1α signaling pathway. These findings are significant to further our understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis and to ultimately identify new therapeutic targets for cardiac fibrosis, potentially based on the RhoA/ROCK/Hif1α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peilin Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunlin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanping Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinqi Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Yuehui Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Matoba K, Takeda Y, Nagai Y, Kanazawa Y, Kawanami D, Yokota T, Utsunomiya K, Nishimura R. ROCK Inhibition May Stop Diabetic Kidney Disease. JMA J 2020; 3:154-163. [PMID: 33150249 PMCID: PMC7590381 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2020-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and is strongly associated with cardiovascular mortality. Given the pandemic of obesity and diabetes, the elucidation of the molecular underpinnings of DKD and establishment of effective therapy are urgently required. Studies over the past decade have identified the activated renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and hemodynamic changes as important therapeutic targets. However, given the residual risk observed in patients treated with RAS inhibitors and/or sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, the involvement of other molecular machinery is likely, and the elucidation of such pathways represents fertile ground for the development of novel strategies. Rho-kinase (ROCK) is a serine/threonine kinase that is under the control of small GTPase protein Rho. Many fundamental cellular processes, including migration, proliferation, and survival are orchestrated by ROCK through a mechanism involving cytoskeletal reorganization. From a pathological standpoint, several analyses provide compelling evidence supporting the hypothesis that ROCK is an important regulator of DKD that is highly pertinent to cardiovascular disease. In cell-based studies, ROCK is activated in response to a diverse array of external stimuli associated with diabetes, and renal ROCK activity is elevated in the context of type 1 and 2 diabetes. Experimental studies have demonstrated the efficacy of pharmacological or genetic inhibition of ROCK in the prevention of diabetes-related histological and functional abnormalities in the kidney. Through a bird’s eye view of ROCK in renal biology, the present review provides a conceptual framework that may be widely applicable to the pathological processes of multiple organs and illustrate novel therapeutic promise in diabetology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Matoba
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takeda
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nagai
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kanazawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yokota
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Utsunomiya
- Center for Preventive Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rimei Nishimura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Sharma D, Kumar Tekade R, Kalia K. Kaempferol in ameliorating diabetes-induced fibrosis and renal damage: An in vitro and in vivo study in diabetic nephropathy mice model. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 76:153235. [PMID: 32563017 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaempferol is a natural polyflavonol that has gained considerable attention as antidiabetic therapeutics. Recent reports emphasize the role of hyperglycemia and RhoA/Rho Kinase activity in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aims to evaluate the GLP-1 and insulin release along with RhoA/Rho Kinase inhibition pertaining to the anti-fibrotic and reno-protective effects of Kaempferol in DN. METHODS The effect of Kaempferol on GLP-1 and insulin release along with underlying mechanisms (Ca2+ and cAMP levels) in GLUTag and MIN6 cells as well as in their co-culture has been evaluated. Further, the effect of Kaempferol on GLP-1 and insulin release was evaluated under in-vivo circumstances in the DN C57BL/6 mouse model. Histology and fibrosis specific staining was performed to study the renal injuries and fibrosis, while the expression of mRNA and protein of interest was evaluated by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS Kaempferol treatment promoted the GLP-1 and insulin release, which was accompanied by increased intracellular levels of cAMP and Ca2+ in GLUTag and MIN6 cells. In agreement with in vitro studies, Kaempferol also increased the release of GLP-1 and insulin in the DN mouse model. Notably, Kaempferol showed the potential to ameliorate the histological changes as well as renal fibrosis while decreasing the expression levels of DN markers including TGF-β1, CTGF, fibronectin, collagen IV, IL-1β, RhoA, ROCK2, and p-MYPT1 in DN kidney tissues. A rise in the expression of E-cadherin and nephrin was also noted in the same study. CONCLUSION This study establishes that Kaempferol ameliorates renal injury and fibrosis by enhancing the release of GLP-1, insulin, and inhibition of RhoA/Rho Kinase. This study recommends Kaempferol for further clinical trials to be developed as novel therapeutics for improving the renal function in DN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India; Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
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28
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Ocaranza MP, Valderas P, Moya J, Gabrielli L, Godoy I, Córdova S, Nab PM, García L, Farías L, Jalil JE. Rho kinase cascade activation in circulating leukocytes in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:56. [PMID: 32375786 PMCID: PMC7203835 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The intracellular ROCK signaling pathway is an important modulator of blood pressure and of cardiovascular and renal remodeling when Rho-kinase activity is increased. Besides, in preclinical models of diabetes, ROCK activation has also a role in abnormal glucose metabolism as well as in subsequent vascular and myocardial dysfunction. In humans, there are a few data assessing ROCK activation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and no studies assessing upstream/downstream components of the ROCK pathway. We assessed here levels of ROCK activation and some of the RhoA/ROCK cascade molecules in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in T2D patients under current treatment. Methods Cross-sectional observational study comparing 28 T2D patients under current antidiabetic treatment with 31 consecutive healthy subjects, matched by age and gender. Circulating levels of malondialdehyde, angiotensin II and inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 were determined in all subjects. ROCK activation in PMBCs, upstream and downstream cascade proteins, and levels of the proinflammatory molecules VCAM, ICAM-1 and IL-8 were determined in their PMBCs by Western blot. Results Compared to healthy controls, ROCK activation in T2D patients measured by 2 direct ROCK targets in PBMCs was increased by 420 and 570% (p < 0001) and it correlated significantly with serum glucose levels. p38 MAPK phosphorylation (downstream from ROCK) and JAK-2 (upstream from ROCK) were significantly higher in the T2D patients by 580% and 220%, respectively. In T2D patients, significantly increased PBMC levels of the proinflammatory molecules VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and IL-8 were observed compared to control subjects (by 180%, 360% and 260%, respectively). Circulating levels of Ang II and MDA were significantly higher in T2D patients by 29 and 63%, respectively. Conclusions T2D patients under treatment with glucose-lowering drugs, antihypertensive treatment as well as with statins have significantly increased ROCK activation in their circulating leukocytes along with higher phosphorylation of downstream cascade proteins despite pharmacologic treatment, along with increased plasma angiotensin II and MDA levels. ROCK inhibition might have an additional role in the prevention and treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paz Ocaranza
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Piso 7, 8320000, Santiago, Chile.,Center for New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDHY), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Valderas
- Facultad de Medicina, Odontología, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avenida Argentina 2000, 1240000, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Jackeline Moya
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Piso 7, 8320000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luigi Gabrielli
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Piso 7, 8320000, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván Godoy
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Piso 7, 8320000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Samuel Córdova
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Piso 7, 8320000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paul Mac Nab
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Piso 7, 8320000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena García
- Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Farías
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Piso 7, 8320000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge E Jalil
- School of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Piso 7, 8320000, Santiago, Chile. .,Center for New Drugs for Hypertension (CENDHY), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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29
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The Role of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093172. [PMID: 32365893 PMCID: PMC7246426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney function decline is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus and may be indicated as diabetic nephropathy (DN). DN is a chronic inflammatory disease featuring proteinuria and a decreasing glomerular filtration rate. Despite several therapeutic options being currently available, DN is still the major cause of end-stage renal disease. Accordingly, widespread innovation is needed to improve outcomes in patients with DN. Chemokines and their receptors are critically involved in the inflammatory progression in the development of DN. Although recent studies have shown multiple pathways related to the chemokine system, the specific and direct effects of chemokines and their receptors remain unclear. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential role and mechanism of chemokine systems in DN proposed in recent years. Chemokine system-related mechanisms may provide potential therapeutic targets in DN.
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30
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Liu W, Qin F, Wu F, Feng H, Yang Q, Hou L, Peng M, Zhou B, Tang L, Hou C. Sodium aescinate significantly suppress postoperative peritoneal adhesion by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 69:153193. [PMID: 32120245 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although mechanical barriers and modern surgical techniques have been developed to prevent postoperative adhesion formation, high incidence of adhesions still represents an important challenge in abdominal surgery. So far, there has been no available therapeutic drug in clinical practice. PURPOSE In this study, we explored the efficacy of sodium aescinate (AESS) treatment against postoperative peritoneal adhesions, the potential molecular mechanism was also investigated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups for the study: the blank, vehicle, positive control and three AESS administration groups (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg/d, intravenous administration for 7 days). Adhesions were induced by discretely ligating peritoneal sidewall. An IL-1β-induced HMrSV5 cell model was also performed to explore possible functional mechanism. RESULTS The results indicated that the incidence and severity of peritoneal adhesions were significantly lower in the AESS-treated groups than that in the vehicle and positive control group. AESS-treated groups showed that the secretion, activity, and expression of tPA in rat peritoneum were notably increased. The FIB levels in rat plasma were decreased. The immunohistochemical staining analysis demonstrated that collagen I and α-SMA deposition were significantly attenuated in AESS-treated peritoneal tissues. Besides, we found that AESS treatment reduced the protein levels of p-MYPT1. To further explore the mechanisms of AESS, both activator and inhibitors of RhoA/ROCK pathway were employed in this study. It was found that AESS-induced up-regulation of tPA was reversed by activator of ROCK, but the effects of ROCK inhibitors were consistent with AESS. CONCLUSION Taken together, the findings of in vivo and in vitro experiments proved that AESS could significantly suppress postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation through inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Our researches provide important pharmacological basis for AESS development as a potential therapeutic agent on peritoneal adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China; Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fei Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangzhou Baiyunshan CO. Ltd, BAIYUNSHAN Pharmaceutical General Factory, Guanghzou 510515, China
| | - Fuling Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haixing Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lianbing Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Benjie Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Lan Tang
- Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Chuqi Hou
- Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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He P, Guo Y, Wang J, Yan L, Feng A. Protection of ripasudil, a Rho kinase inhibitor, in lipopolysaccharides-induced acute pneumonia in mice. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:6433-6443. [PMID: 31737195 PMCID: PMC6834510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases, especially in children. Ripasudil (K-115), a selective ROCK inhibitor, is a promising emerging drug against glaucoma, and reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of ripasudil still remains unclear in pneumonia. The goal of this study is to investigate the role and the underlying mechanism of ripasudil in pneumonia. BALB/c mice were used to establish an acute pneumonia model of mice by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intraperitoneally. Ripasudil (0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg) was administrated 1 h before the induction of LPS. The histoligical change of lung tissue was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining and lung wet/dry ratio. Inflammatory cytokines secretion, oxidant-antioxidant factors levels were measured. Cell apoptosis was examined using TNUEL assay. Western blot and qRT-PCR was used to determine gene expressions. Results showed that ripasudil significantly attenuated LPS-induced histological changes, reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and alleviated LPS-induced oxidative stress in mice. LPS-induced cell apoptosis and associated protein expression changes were attenuated by ripasudil. Besides, ripasudil reduced the expression of RhoA, and decreased the activity of RhoA/ROCK signaling. Finally, the level of RhoA and eNOS from pneumonia patients exhibited negatively correlated, whereas the level of RhoA was higher while eNOS level was lower than that in the healthy control. The results of the present study indicate that ripasudil attenuate LPS-induced pneumonia in BALB/c mice by ameliorating inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis through inhibiting RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Ripasudil might be a novel and effective drug for the treatment of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping He
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanzi Guo
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junji Wang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Yan
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aimin Feng
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712000, Shaanxi, China
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Chen Q, Lv J, Yang W, Xu B, Wang Z, Yu Z, Wu J, Yang Y, Han Y. Targeted inhibition of STAT3 as a potential treatment strategy for atherosclerosis. Theranostics 2019; 9:6424-6442. [PMID: 31588227 PMCID: PMC6771242 DOI: 10.7150/thno.35528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main pathological basis of ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and has attracted more attention in recent years. Multiple studies have demonstrated that the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays essential roles in the process of atherosclerosis. Moreover, aberrant STAT3 activation has been shown to contribute to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the study of STAT3 inhibitors has gradually become a focal research topic. In this review, we describe the crucial roles of STAT3 in endothelial cell dysfunction, macrophage polarization, inflammation, and immunity during atherosclerosis. STAT3 in mitochondria is mentioned as well. Then, we present a summary and classification of STAT3 inhibitors, which could offer potential treatment strategies for atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we enumerate some of the problems that have interfered with the development of mature therapies utilizing STAT3 inhibitors to treat atherosclerosis. Finally, we propose ideas that may help to solve these problems to some extent. Collectively, this review may be useful for developing future STAT3 inhibitor therapies for atherosclerosis.
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Uddin MS, Kabir MT, Jakaria M, Mamun AA, Niaz K, Amran MS, Barreto GE, Ashraf GM. Endothelial PPARγ Is Crucial for Averting Age-Related Vascular Dysfunction by Stalling Oxidative Stress and ROCK. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:583-601. [PMID: 31055770 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging plays a significant role in the progression of vascular diseases and vascular dysfunction. Activation of the ADP-ribosylation factor 6 and small GTPases by inflammatory signals may cause vascular permeability and endothelial leakage. Pro-inflammatory molecules have a significant effect on smooth muscle cells (SMC). The migration and proliferation of SMC can be promoted by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). TNF-α can also increase oxidative stress in SMCs, which has been identified to persuade DNA damage resulting in apoptosis and cellular senescence. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) acts as a ligand-dependent transcription factor and a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. They play key roles in a wide range of biological processes, including cell differentiation and proliferation, bone formation, cell metabolism, tissue remodeling, insulin sensitivity, and eicosanoid signaling. The PPARγ activation regulates inflammatory responses, which can exert protective effects in the vasculature. In addition, loss of function of PPARγ enhances cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis in the vascular endothelium. This appraisal, therefore, discusses the critical linkage of PPARγ in the inflammatory process and highlights a crucial defensive role for endothelial PPARγ in vascular dysfunction and disease, as well as therapy for vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Md Jakaria
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | | | - Kamal Niaz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Bio-Sciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Md Shah Amran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Sun W, Gao Y, Ding Y, Cao Y, Chen J, Lv G, Lu J, Yu B, Peng M, Xu H, Sun Y. Catalpol ameliorates advanced glycation end product-induced dysfunction of glomerular endothelial cells via regulating nitric oxide synthesis by inducible nitric oxide synthase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:1268-1283. [PMID: 30861639 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Catalpol (Cat.) is an iridoid glucoside extracted from the root of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. In this study, we investigated whether Cat. could protect the mouse glomerular endothelial cells against the deleterious effect induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and explored potential mechanisms. We found that 10 μM Cat. showed a protective effect on dead cells stimulated by AGEs. Cat. significantly decreased the expression of p-NF-κBp65 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and increased the expression of phosphorylated-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS; Ser1177), PI3K, p-Akt (Thr308), and total-Akt. Moreover, Cat. restored the integrity of glomerular endothelial barrier by increasing endothelial tight gap junction protein and ameliorated the endothelial hyperpermeability induced by AGEs via modulating the nitric oxide (NO) production. Additionally, Cat. attenuated the massive release of NO induced by AGEs, inhibiting the macrophage infiltration by modulating the NO production, accompanied by the decrease in the release of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 in vitro. Therefore, Cat. ameliorated AGEs-induced endothelial dysfunction via inhibiting the NF-κB/iNOS pathway and activating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(9):1268-1283, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushi Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaohong Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilin Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
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35
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Shang J, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Ning L, Zhao J, Cheng G, Liu D, Xiao J, Zhao Z. Chemerin/ChemR23 axis promotes inflammation of glomerular endothelial cells in diabetic nephropathy. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3417-3428. [PMID: 30784180 PMCID: PMC6484295 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by inflammation of renal tissue. Glomerular endothelial cells (GEnCs) play an important role in inflammation and protein leakage in urine in DN patients. Chemerin and its receptor ChemR23 are inducers of inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of chemerin/ChemR23 in GEnCs of DN patients. Immunohistochemical staining and qRT‐PCR were used to measure the expression of chemerin, ChemR23 and inflammatory factors in renal tissues of DN patients. Db/db mice were used as animal model. ChemR23 of DN mice was knocked down by injecting LV3‐shRNA into tail vein. Inflammation, physiological and pathological changes in each group was measured. GEnCs were cultured as an in vitro model to study potential signalling pathways. Results showed that expression of chemerin, ChemR23 and inflammatory factors increased in DN patients and mice. LV3‐shRNA alleviated renal damage and inflammation in DN mice. GEnCs stimulated by glucose showed increased chemerin, ChemR23 and inflammatory factors and decreased endothelial marker CD31. Both LV3‐shRNA and SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) attenuated chemerin‐induced inflammation and injury in GEnCs. Taken together, chemerin/ChemR23 axis played an important role in endothelial injury and inflammation in DN via the p38 MAPK signalling pathway. Suppression of ChemR23 alleviated DN damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lina Ning
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jifang Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Genyang Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhanzheng Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Krga I, Tamaian R, Mercier S, Boby C, Monfoulet LE, Glibetic M, Morand C, Milenkovic D. Anthocyanins and their gut metabolites attenuate monocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration through nutrigenomic mechanisms regulating endothelial cell permeability. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:364-379. [PMID: 29964169 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardioprotective effects of dietary anthocyanins are partly attributed to their ability to maintain endothelial function. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of action are not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of anthocyanins and their gut metabolites, at physiologically-relevant conditions, on endothelial cell (EC) function and decipher the underlying molecular mechanisms of action using integrated omics approaches. Primary EC were treated with a mixture of 0.1 μM cyanidin-3-arabinoside, 0.1 μM cyanidin-3-galactoside, 0.1 μM cyanidin-3-glucoside, 0.1 μM delphinidin-3-glucoside, 0.1 μM peonidin-3-glucoside and 0.5 μM 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde for 3 h or a mixture of gut metabolites: 0.2 μM protocatechuic, 2 μM vanillic, 1 μM ferulic and 2 μM hippuric acids for 18 h. Also, successive exposure of EC to both mixtures was performed to mimic anthocyanin pharmacokinetics following their intake. Inflammatory stress was induced using TNFα and monocytes added to assess adhesion and transmigration. Effects of these mixtures on gene, miRNA expression and their potential interaction with cell signalling were investigated. Anthocyanins and their gut metabolites significantly reduced monocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration. Gene expression analysis, using macroarrays, showed that tested compounds modulated the expression of genes involved in cell-cell adhesion, cytoskeleton organisation or focal adhesion. Bioinformatics analyses of gene expression data identified potential transcription factors involved in the observed nutrigenomic effects and signalling proteins regulating their activity. Molecular docking revealed cell signalling proteins to which these bioactives may bind to and potentially affect their activity and the activation of downstream signalling, effects that were in agreement with the results of Western blot analyses. Microarray analysis showed that anthocyanins and their gut metabolites affected miRNA expression in EC, especially those involved in regulation of EC permeability, contributing to the observed changes in EC function. Integration of these results revealed endothelial-protective properties of anthocyanins and their gut metabolites and deciphered new underlying multi-target and multi-layered mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Krga
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radu Tamaian
- Research and Development Department, National Institute for Research and Development for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, RO-240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania; SC Biotech Corp SRL, RO-240050 Râmnicu Vâlcea, Romania.
| | - Sylvie Mercier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Celine Boby
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, Metabolism Exploration Platform, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | | | - Marija Glibetic
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Christine Morand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America.
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Wei Z, Jiang W, Wang H, Li H, Tang B, Liu B, Jiang H, Sun X. The IL-6/STAT3 pathway regulates adhesion molecules and cytoskeleton of endothelial cells in thromboangiitis obliterans. Cell Signal 2018; 44:118-126. [PMID: 29339086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) (also known as Buerger's disease) is an inflammatory vascular disease that predominantly affects small- and medium-sized blood vessels of extremities. Endothelial cells play critical roles in the initiation and progression of this disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we demonstrate that patients with TAO had significantly higher levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in their plasmas, and the involved arterial tissues expressed higher levels of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3), ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. In exploring the molecular mechanisms with human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), we found that recombinant IL-6 activated the STAT3 pathway, leading to the upregulation and overproduction of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. RhoA (Ras homolog family member A), eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) and MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) participated in this cellular signaling, and their interaction regulated the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. The activated STAT3 pathway by IL-6 also modulated the cytoskeleton of HAECs by regulating phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and acetylation of α-tubulin through interplaying with RhoA. In summary, the present results indicate that activation of the IL-6/STAT3 pathway contributes to the pathogenesis of TAO by regulating cellular adhesion molecules and cytoskeleton of vascular endothelial cells, suggesting that targeting this pathway may provide a potential approach for the management of TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Wenjing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hengzhen Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hali Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongchi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
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38
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Tian L, Li H, Li Y, Liu K, Sun Y, Cong Z, Luan X, Li Y, Chen J, Wang L, Ren Z, Cong D, Wang H, Pei J. A Combination of Chitosan, Cellulose, and Seaweed Polysaccharide Inhibits Postoperative Intra-abdominal Adhesion in Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:399-408. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.244400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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39
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Huaitong X, Yuanyong F, Yueqin T, Peng Z, Wei S, Kai S. Microvesicles releasing by oral cancer cells enhance endothelial cell angiogenesis via Shh/RhoA signaling pathway. Cancer Biol Ther 2017; 18:783-791. [PMID: 28886265 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2017.1373213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the significance of hedgehog signaling pathway in association with clinicopathology parameters and its effect on angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The expression of Sonic Hh (Shh) and Gli1 were done on primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes in OSCC samples from 80 patients by immunohistochemical analysis. The western blot was used to examine the expression of Shh in OSCC cell lines and OSCC-derived microvesicles (MVs). The role of Shh carried by MVs to induce endothelial cell angiogenesis was further investigated by matrigel assay. Our results indicated that the expression of Shh was positive associated with microvesseldentisty(MVD), TNM stage, tumor recurrence and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, Shh and Gli1 expression were higher in paired metastatic lymph nodes compared with expression of their primary tumors. The expression of Shh was abundant in Cal27, and present in SCC4, SCC9, and the amount of Shh protein in Cal27 targeting MVs was increased significantly than Cal27 cell group, up to ∼ fifth-fold. The Cal27 derived MVs increased significantly angiogenesis of HUVECs in vitro, and this effect was blocked with exoenzyme C3 transferase (C3) and shRNA targeting RhoA by suppressing RhoA expression and activation. The data suggested that OSCC derived Shh carried by MVs may facilitate the tumor growth and modulate the preparation of a vascular network in primary tumor and/or premetastatic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huaitong
- a School of Stomatology , Qingdao University , Shandong Province , China
| | - Feng Yuanyong
- a School of Stomatology , Qingdao University , Shandong Province , China
| | - Tao Yueqin
- a School of Stomatology , Qingdao University , Shandong Province , China
| | - Zhao Peng
- a School of Stomatology , Qingdao University , Shandong Province , China
| | - Shang Wei
- a School of Stomatology , Qingdao University , Shandong Province , China.,b Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery , the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Shandong Province , China
| | - Song Kai
- a School of Stomatology , Qingdao University , Shandong Province , China.,b Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery , the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Shandong Province , China
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40
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Blocking RhoA/ROCK inhibits the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris by suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis through TAK1/NOD2-mediated NF-κB pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 436:151-158. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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