1
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von Morze C, Shaw A, Blazey T. Hyperpolarized 15N caffeine, a potential probe of liver function and perfusion. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:459-468. [PMID: 38469685 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate hyperpolarization of 15N-caffeine and report exploratory findings as a potential probe of liver function and perfusion. METHODS An amorphous formulation of [1,3-15N2]caffeine was developed for hyperpolarization via dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization. Polarizer hardware was augmented to support monitoring of solid-state 15N MR signals during the buildup of hyperpolarization. Liquid state hyperpolarized 15N MR signals were obtained in a preclinical 3T magnet by interfacing an external spectrometer console with home-built RF surface coils. 15N signal decay constants were estimated in H2O and in vivo in liver and brain regions of rats at 3 T. Decays were also measured at 9.4 T to assess the effect of B0, and in the presence of albumin to assess the impact of protein binding. RESULTS Polarization levels of 3.5% and aqueous T1 relaxation times of nearly 200 s were attained for both N1 and N3 positions at 3 T. Shorter apparent decay constants were observed in vivo, ranging from 25 s to 43 s, with modest extensions possible by exploiting competitive binding of iophenoxate with plasma albumin. Downstream products of caffeine could not be detected on in vivo 15N-MR spectra of the liver region, even with metabolic stimulation byβ $$ \beta $$ -naphthoflavone treatment. Considering the high perfusion rate of brain, persistence of caffeine signal in this region is consistent with potential value as a perfusion imaging agent. CONCLUSION These results establish the feasibility of hyperpolarization of hyperpolarized 15N-caffeine, but further work is necessary to establish the role of this new agent to probe liver metabolism and perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius von Morze
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ashley Shaw
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tyler Blazey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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2
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Guarin DO, Joshi SM, Samoilenko A, Kabir MSH, Hardy EE, Takahashi AM, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Chekmenev EY, Yen YF. Development of Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of [ 15 N 3 ]Metronidazole: A Clinically Approved Antibiotic. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202219181. [PMID: 37247411 PMCID: PMC10524734 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202219181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (d-DNP) of [15 N3 ]metronidazole ([15 N3 ]MNZ) for the first time. Metronidazole is a clinically approved antibiotic, which can be potentially employed as a hypoxia-sensing molecular probe using 15 N hyperpolarized (HP) nucleus. The DNP process is very efficient for [15 N3 ]MNZ with an exponential build-up constant of 13.8 min using trityl radical. After dissolution and sample transfer to a nearby 4.7 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging scanner, HP [15 N3 ]MNZ lasted remarkably long with T1 values up to 343 s and 15 N polarizations up to 6.4 %. A time series of HP [15 N3 ]MNZ images was acquired in vitro using a steady state free precession sequence on the 15 NO2 peak. The signal lasted over 13 min with notably long T2 of 20.5 s. HP [15 N3 ]MNZ was injected in the tail vein of a healthy rat, and dynamic spectroscopy was performed over the rat brain. The in vivo HP 15 N signals persisted over 70 s, demonstrating an unprecedented opportunity for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O Guarin
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th St., MA 02129, Charlestown, USA
- Polarize ApS., Asmussens Alle 1, 1808, Frederiksberg, Denmak
| | - Sameer M Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, MI 48202, Detroit, USA
| | - Anna Samoilenko
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, MI 48202, Detroit, USA
| | - Mohammad S H Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, MI 48202, Detroit, USA
| | - Erin E Hardy
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th St., MA 02129, Charlestown, USA
| | - Atsush M Takahashi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA 02139, Cambridge, USA
| | - Jan H Ardenkjaer-Larsen
- Polarize ApS., Asmussens Alle 1, 1808, Frederiksberg, Denmak
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 348, Ørsteds Pl., 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, MI 48202, Detroit, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 14 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th St., MA 02129, Charlestown, USA
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3
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MacCulloch K, Browning A, TomHon P, Lehmkuhl S, Chekmenev EY, Theis T. Parahydrogen in Reversible Exchange Induces Long-Lived 15N Hyperpolarization of Anticancer Drugs Anastrozole and Letrozole. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7822-7829. [PMID: 37163687 PMCID: PMC10939174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization modalities overcome the sensitivity limitations of NMR and unlock new applications. Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) is a particularly cheap, quick, and robust hyperpolarization modality. Here, we employ SABRE for simultaneous chemical exchange of parahydrogen and nitrile-containing anticancer drugs (letrozole or anastrozole) to enhance 15N polarization. Distinct substrates require unique optimal parameter sets, including temperature, magnetic field, or a shaped magnetic field profile. The fine tuning of these parameters for individual substrates is demonstrated here to maximize 15N polarization. After optimization, including the usage of pulsed μT fields, the 15N nuclei on common anticancer drugs, letrozole and anastrozole, can be polarized within 1-2 min. The hyperpolarization can exceed 10%, corresponding to 15N signal enhancement of over 280,000-fold at a clinically relevant magnetic field of 1 T. This sensitivity gain enables polarization studies at naturally abundant 15N enrichment level (0.4%). Moreover, the nitrile 15N sites enable long-lasting polarization storage with [15N]T1 over 9 min, enabling signal detection from a single hyperpolarization cycle for over 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keilian MacCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Austin Browning
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Patrick TomHon
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Sören Lehmkuhl
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
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4
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MacCulloch K, Tomhon P, Browning A, Akeroyd E, Lehmkuhl S, Chekmenev EY, Theis T. Hyperpolarization of common antifungal agents with SABRE. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:1225-1235. [PMID: 34121211 PMCID: PMC8595556 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) is a robust and inexpensive hyperpolarization (HP) technique to enhance nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signals using parahydrogen (pH2 ). The substrate scope of SABRE is continually expanding. Here, we present the polarization of three antifungal drugs (voriconazole, clotrimazole, and fluconazole) and elicit the detailed HP mechanisms for 1 H and 15 N nuclei. In this exploratory work, 15 N polarization values of ~1% were achieved using 50% pH2 in solution of 3-mM catalyst and 60-mM substrate in perdeuterated methanol. All hyperpolarized 15 N sites exhibited long T1 in excess of 1 min at a clinically relevant field of 1 T. Hyperpolarizing common drugs is of interest due to their potential biomedical applications as MRI contrast agents or to enable studies on protein dynamics at physiological concentrations. We optimize the polarization with respect to temperature and the polarization transfer field (PTF) for 1 H nuclei in the millitesla regime and for 15 N nuclei in the microtesla regime, which provides detailed insights into exchange kinetics and spin evolution. This work broadens the SABRE substrate scope and provides mechanistic and kinetic insights into the HP process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keilian MacCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Patrick Tomhon
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Austin Browning
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Evan Akeroyd
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sören Lehmkuhl
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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5
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Bae J, Zhang G, Park H, Warren WS, Wang Q. 15N-Azides as practical and effective tags for developing long-lived hyperpolarized agents. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14309-14315. [PMID: 34760217 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04647k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Azide moieties, unique linear species containing three nitrogen atoms, represent an attractive class of molecular tag for hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging (HP-MRI). Here we demonstrate (15N)3-azide-containing molecules exhibit long-lasting hyperpolarization lifetimes up to 9.8 min at 1 T with remarkably high polarization levels up to 11.6% in water, thus establishing (15N)3-azide as a powerful spin storage for hyperpolarization. A single (15N)-labeled azide has also been examined as an effective alternative tag with long-lived hyperpolarization. A variety of biologically important molecules are studied in this work, including choline, glucose, amino acid, and drug derivatives, demonstrating great potential of 15N-labeled azides as universal hyperpolarized tags for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junu Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
| | - Guannan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
| | - Hyejin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
| | - Warren S Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA .,Department of Physics, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
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6
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Fiedorowicz M, Wieteska M, Rylewicz K, Kossowski B, Piątkowska-Janko E, Czarnecka AM, Toczylowska B, Bogorodzki P. Hyperpolarized 13C tracers: Technical advancements and perspectives for clinical applications. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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7
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Chukanov NV, Shchepin RV, Joshi SM, Kabir MSH, Salnikov OG, Svyatova A, Koptyug IV, Gelovani JG, Chekmenev EY. Synthetic Approaches for 15 N-Labeled Hyperpolarized Heterocyclic Molecular Imaging Agents for 15 N NMR Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange in Microtesla Magnetic Fields. Chemistry 2021; 27:9727-9736. [PMID: 33856077 PMCID: PMC8273115 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
NMR hyperpolarization techniques enhance nuclear spin polarization by several orders of magnitude resulting in corresponding sensitivity gains. This enormous sensitivity gain enables new applications ranging from studies of small molecules by using high-resolution NMR spectroscopy to real-time metabolic imaging in vivo. Several hyperpolarization techniques exist for hyperpolarization of a large repertoire of nuclear spins, although the 13 C and 15 N sites of biocompatible agents are the key targets due to their widespread use in biochemical pathways. Moreover, their long T1 allows hyperpolarized states to be retained for up to tens of minutes. Signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) is a low-cost and ultrafast hyperpolarization technique that has been shown to be versatile for the hyperpolarization of 15 N nuclei. Although large sensitivity gains are enabled by hyperpolarization, 15 N natural abundance is only ∼0.4 %, so isotopic labeling of the molecules to be hyperpolarized is required in order to take full advantage of the hyperpolarized state. Herein, we describe selected advances in the preparation of 15 N-labeled compounds with the primary emphasis on using these compounds for SABRE polarization in microtesla magnetic fields through spontaneous polarization transfer from parahydrogen. Also, these principles can certainly be applied for hyperpolarization of these emerging contrast agents using dynamic nuclear polarization and other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Chukanov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, Institutskaya St. 3A, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Health Sciences, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Sameer M Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mohammad S H Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, Institutskaya St. 3A, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Acad. Lavrentiev Prospekt 5, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexandra Svyatova
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, Institutskaya St. 3A, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, Institutskaya St. 3A, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Juri G Gelovani
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospekt 14, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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8
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Kondo Y, Nonaka H, Takakusagi Y, Sando S. Entwicklung molekularer Sonden für die hyperpolarisierte NMR‐Bildgebung im biologischen Bereich. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kondo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonaka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Yoichi Takakusagi
- Institute of Quantum Life Science National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage Chiba-city 263-8555 Japan
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage Chiba-city 263-8555 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
- Department of Bioengineering Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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9
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Kondo Y, Nonaka H, Takakusagi Y, Sando S. Design of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Molecular Probes for Hyperpolarized Bioimaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14779-14799. [PMID: 32372551 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear hyperpolarization has emerged as a method to dramatically enhance the sensitivity of NMR spectroscopy. By application of this powerful tool, small molecules with stable isotopes have been used for highly sensitive biomedical molecular imaging. The recent development of molecular probes for hyperpolarized in vivo analysis has demonstrated the ability of this technique to provide unique metabolic and physiological information. This review presents a brief introduction of hyperpolarization technology, approaches to the rational design of molecular probes for hyperpolarized analysis, and examples of molecules that have met with success in vitro or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kondo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonaka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoichi Takakusagi
- Institute of Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba-city, 263-8555, Japan.,National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba-city, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.,Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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10
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Hyperpolarized 15N-labeled, deuterated tris (2-pyridylmethyl)amine as an MRI sensor of freely available Zn 2. Commun Chem 2020; 3. [PMID: 34212118 PMCID: PMC8244538 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) coupled with 15N magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides an opportunity to image quantitative levels of biologically important metal ions such as Zn2+, Mg2+ or Ca2+ using appropriately designed 15N enriched probes. For example, a Zn-specific probe could prove particularly valuable for imaging the tissue distribution of freely available Zn2+ ions, an important known metal ion biomarker in the pancreas, in prostate cancer, and in several neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we prepare the cell-permeable, 15N-enriched, d6-deuterated version of the well-known Zn2+ chelator, tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA) and demonstrate that the polarized ligand had favorable T1 and linewidth characteristics for 15N MRI. Examples of how polarized TPA can be used to quantify freely available Zn2+ in homogenized human prostate tissue and intact cells are presented.
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11
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von Morze C, Engelbach JA, Reed GD, Chen AP, Quirk JD, Blazey T, Mahar R, Malloy CR, Garbow JR, Merritt ME. 15 N-carnitine, a novel endogenous hyperpolarized MRI probe with long signal lifetime. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1814-1820. [PMID: 33179825 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate hyperpolarization and in vivo imaging of [15 N]carnitine, a novel endogenous MRI probe with long signal lifetime. METHODS L-[15 N]carnitine-d9 was hyperpolarized by the method of dynamic nuclear polarization followed by rapid dissolution. The T1 signal lifetimes were estimated in aqueous solution and in vivo following intravenous injection in rats, using a custom-built dual-tuned 15 N/1 H RF coil at 4.7 T. 15 N chemical shift imaging and 15 N fast spin-echo images of rat abdomen were acquired 3 minutes after [15 N]carnitine injection. RESULTS Estimated T1 times of [15 N]carnitine at 4.7 T were 210 seconds (in H2 O) and 160 seconds (in vivo), with an estimated polarization level of 10%. Remarkably, the [15 N]carnitine coherence was detectable in rat abdomen for 5 minutes after injection for the nonlocalized acquisition. No downstream metabolites were detected on localized or nonlocalized 15 N spectra. Diffuse liver enhancement was detected on 15 N fast spin-echo imaging 3 minutes after injection, with mean hepatic SNR of 18 ± 5 at a spatial resolution of 4 × 4 mm. CONCLUSION This study showed the feasibility of hyperpolarizing and imaging the biodistribution of HP [15 N]carnitine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius von Morze
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John A Engelbach
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | - James D Quirk
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tyler Blazey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rohit Mahar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Craig R Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Joel R Garbow
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew E Merritt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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12
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Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Fekete M, Duckett SB, Theis T, Joalland B, Chekmenev EY. Parawasserstoff‐induzierte Hyperpolarisation von Gasen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
- Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University Pirogova St. 2 630090 Novosibirsk Russland
| | - Marianna Fekete
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) University of York Heslington York YO10 5NY UK
| | - Simon B. Duckett
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM) University of York Heslington York YO10 5NY UK
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695-8204 USA
| | - Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48202 USA
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry Integrative Biosciences (Ibio) Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) Wayne State University Detroit Michigan 48202 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) Leninskiy Prospekt 14 Moscow 119991 Russland
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13
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Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Fekete M, Duckett SB, Theis T, Joalland B, Chekmenev EY. Parahydrogen-Induced Hyperpolarization of Gases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17788-17797. [PMID: 31972061 PMCID: PMC7453723 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Imaging of gases is a major challenge for any modality including MRI. NMR and MRI signals are directly proportional to the nuclear spin density and the degree of alignment of nuclear spins with applied static magnetic field, which is called nuclear spin polarization. The level of nuclear spin polarization is typically very low, i.e., one hundred thousandth of the potential maximum at 1.5 T and a physiologically relevant temperature. As a result, MRI typically focusses on imaging highly concentrated tissue water. Hyperpolarization methods transiently increase nuclear spin polarizations up to unity, yielding corresponding gains in MRI signal level of several orders of magnitude that enable the 3D imaging of dilute biomolecules including gases. Parahydrogen-induced polarization is a fast, highly scalable, and low-cost hyperpolarization technique. The focus of this Minireview is to highlight selected advances in the field of parahydrogen-induced polarization for the production of hyperpolarized compounds, which can be potentially employed as inhalable contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marianna Fekete
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NY, UK
| | - Simon B Duckett
- Center for Hyperpolarization in Magnetic Resonance (CHyM), University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5NY, UK
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA
| | - Baptiste Joalland
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, 48202, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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14
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Stewart NJ, Matsumoto S. Biomedical Applications of the Dynamic Nuclear Polarization and Parahydrogen Induced Polarization Techniques for Hyperpolarized 13C MR Imaging. Magn Reson Med Sci 2019; 20:1-17. [PMID: 31902907 PMCID: PMC7952198 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.rev.2019-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first pioneering report of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the Warburg effect in prostate cancer patients, clinical dissemination of the technique has been rapid; close to 10 sites worldwide now possess a polarizer fit for the clinic, and more than 30 clinical trials, predominantly for oncological applications, are already registered on the US and European clinical trials databases. Hyperpolarized 13C probes to study pathophysiological processes beyond the Warburg effect, including tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism, intra-cellular pH and cellular necrosis have also been demonstrated in the preclinical arena and are pending clinical translation, and the simultaneous injection of multiple co-polarized agents is opening the door to high-sensitivity, multi-functional molecular MRI with a single dose. Here, we review the biomedical applications to date of the two polarization methods that have been used for in vivo hyperpolarized 13C molecular MRI; namely, dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization and parahydrogen-induced polarization. The basic concept of hyperpolarization and the fundamental theory underpinning these two key 13C hyperpolarization methods, along with recent technological advances that have facilitated biomedical realization, are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Stewart
- Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Division of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University
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15
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Skovpin IV, Svyatova A, Chukanov N, Chekmenev EY, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV. 15 N Hyperpolarization of Dalfampridine at Natural Abundance for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Chemistry 2019; 25:12694-12697. [PMID: 31338889 PMCID: PMC6790219 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) is a promising method for NMR signal enhancement and production of hyperpolarized molecules. As nuclear spin relaxation times of heteronuclei are usually much longer than those of protons, SABRE-based hyperpolarization of heteronuclei in molecules is highly important in the context of biomedical applications. In this work, we demonstrate that the SLIC-SABRE technique can be successfully used to hyperpolarize 15 N nuclei in dalfampridine. The high polarization level of ca. 8 % achieved in this work made it possible to acquire 15 N MR images at natural abundance of the 15 N nuclei for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Skovpin
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Alexandra Svyatova
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Nikita Chukanov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 14 Leninskiy Prospekt, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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16
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Jagtap AP, Kaltschnee L, Glöggler S. Hyperpolarization of 15N-pyridinium and 15N-aniline derivatives by using parahydrogen: new opportunities to store nuclear spin polarization in aqueous media. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8577-8582. [PMID: 31803432 PMCID: PMC6839503 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02970b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce 15N quaternary pyridinium as moiety that can be NMR-signal-enhanced by several orders of magnitudes and allows for long-term storage of the so gained hyperpolarization in water.
Hyperpolarization techniques hold the promise to improve the sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents by over 10 000-fold. Among these techniques, para-hydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) allows for generating contrast agents within seconds. Typical hyperpolarized contrast agents are traceable for 2–3 minutes only, thus prolonging tracking-times holds great importance for the development of new ways to diagnose and monitor diseases. Here, we report on the design of perdeuterated 15N-containing molecules with longitudinal relaxation times (T1) of several minutes. T1 is a measure for how long hyperpolarization can be stored. In particular, we introduce two new hyperpolarizable families of compounds that we signal enhanced with para-hydrogen: tert-amine aniline derivatives and a quaternary pyridinium compound with 15N-T1 of about 8 minutes. Especially the latter compound has great potential for applicability since we achieved 15N-polarization up to 8% and the pyridinium motif is contained in a variety of drug molecules and is also used in drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil P Jagtap
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Am Fassberg 11 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany . .,Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration , Von-Siebold-Str. 3a , 37075 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Lukas Kaltschnee
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Am Fassberg 11 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany . .,Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration , Von-Siebold-Str. 3a , 37075 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Am Fassberg 11 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany . .,Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration , Von-Siebold-Str. 3a , 37075 Göttingen , Germany
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17
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Katsikis S, Marin-Montesinos I, Ludwig C, Günther UL. Detecting acetylated aminoacids in blood serum using hyperpolarized 13C- 1Η-2D-NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 305:175-179. [PMID: 31301460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) can substantially enhance the sensitivity of NMR experiments. Among the implementations of DNP, ex-situ dissolution DNP (dDNP) achieves high signal enhancement levels owing to a combination of a large temperature factor between 1.4 and 300 K with the actual DNP effect in the solid state at 1.4 K. For sufficiently long T1 relaxation times much of the polarization can be preserved during dissolution with hot solvent, thus enabling fast experiments during the life time of the polarization. Unfortunately, for many metabolites found in biological samples such as blood, relaxation times are too short to achieve a significant enhancement. We have therefore introduced 13C-carbonyl labeled acetyl groups as probes into amino acid metabolites using a simple reaction protocol. The advantage of such tags is a sufficiently long T1 relaxation time, the possibility to enhance signal intensity by introducing 13C, and the possibility to identify tagged metabolites in NMR spectra. We demonstrate feasibility for mixtures of amino acids and for blood serum. In two-dimensional dDNP-enhanced HMQC experiments of these samples acquired in 8 s we can identify acetylated amino acids and other metabolites based on small differences in chemical shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Katsikis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christian Ludwig
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ulrich L Günther
- HWB-NMR, University of Birmingham, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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18
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Gamliel A, Uppala S, Sapir G, Harris T, Nardi-Schreiber A, Shaul D, Sosna J, Gomori JM, Katz-Brull R. Hyperpolarized [ 15N]nitrate as a potential long lived hyperpolarized contrast agent for MRI. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 299:188-195. [PMID: 30660069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Reports on gadolinium deposits in the body and brains of adults and children who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI examinations warrant development of new, metal free, contrast agents for MRI. Nitrate is an abundant ion in mammalian biochemistry and sodium nitrate can be safely injected intravenously. We show that hyperpolarized [15N]nitrate can potentially be used as an MR tracer. The 15N site of hyperpolarized [15N]nitrate showed a T1 of more than 100 s in aqueous solutions, which was prolonged to more than 170 s below 20 °C. Capitalizing on this effect for polarization storage we obtained a visibility window of 9 min in blood. Conversion to [15N]nitrite, the bioactive reduced form of nitrate, was not observed in human blood and human saliva in this time frame. Thus, [15N]nitrate may serve as a long-lived hyperpolarized tracer for MR. Due to its ionic nature, the immediate applications appear to be perfusion and tissue retention imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Gamliel
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sivaranjan Uppala
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gal Sapir
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Talia Harris
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Atara Nardi-Schreiber
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Shaul
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob Sosna
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - J Moshe Gomori
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Katz-Brull
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
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19
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Chukanov NV, Kidd BE, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Shchepin RV, Chekmenev EY, Goodson BM, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV. A versatile synthetic route to the preparation of 15 N heterocycles. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:892-902. [PMID: 30537260 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A robust medium-scale (approximately 3 g) synthetic method for 15 N labeling of pyridine (15 N-Py) is reported based on the Zincke reaction. 15 N enrichment in excess of 81% was achieved with approximately 33% yield. 15 N-Py serves as a standard substrate in a wide range of studies employing a hyperpolarization technique for efficient polarization transfer from parahydrogen to heteronuclei; this technique, called SABRE (signal amplification by reversible exchange), employs a simultaneous chemical exchange of parahydrogen and a to-be-hyperpolarized substrate (e.g., pyridine) on metal centers. In studies aimed at the development of hyperpolarized contrast agents for in vivo molecular imaging, pyridine is often employed either as a model substrate (for hyperpolarization technique development, quality assurance, and phantom imaging studies) or as a co-substrate to facilitate more efficient hyperpolarization of a wide range of emerging contrast agents (e.g., nicotinamide). Here, the produced 15 N-Py was used for the feasibility study of spontaneous 15 N hyperpolarization at high magnetic (HF) fields (7 T and 9.4 T) of an NMR spectrometer and an MRI scanner. SABRE hyperpolarization enabled acquisition of 2D MRI imaging of catalyst-bound 15 N-pyridine with 75 × 75 mm2 field of view (FOV), 32 × 32 matrix size, demonstrating the feasibility of 15 N HF-SABRE molecular imaging with 2.4 × 2.4 mm2 spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Chukanov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Bryce E Kidd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Larisa M Kovtunova
- Department of Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Surface Science Laboratory, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Surface Science Laboratory, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Roman V Shchepin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Ibio, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University Karmanos Cancer Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA.,Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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20
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Itoda M, Naganawa Y, Ito M, Nonaka H, Sando S. Structural exploration of rhodium catalysts and their kinetic studies for efficient parahydrogen-induced polarization by side arm hydrogenation. RSC Adv 2019; 9:18183-18190. [PMID: 35515260 PMCID: PMC9064692 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02580d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
New rhodium catalysts for parahydrogen-induced polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino Itoda
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Yuki Naganawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Makoto Ito
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
| | - Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku
- Japan
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21
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Chukanov NV, Salnikov OG, Shchepin RV, Svyatova A, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. 19F Hyperpolarization of 15N-3- 19F-Pyridine Via Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2018; 122:23002-23010. [PMID: 31435456 PMCID: PMC6703844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b06654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We report synthesis of 15N-3-19F-pyridine via Zincke salt formation with the overall 35% yield and 84% 15N isotopic purity. Hyperpolarization studies of Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) and SABRE in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei (SABRE-SHEATH) were performed to investigate the mechanism of polarization transfer from parahydrogen-derived hydride protons to 19F nucleus in milli-Tesla and micro-Tesla magnetic field regimes in 15N-3-19F-pyridine and 14N-3-19F-pyridine. We found the mismatch between 15N and 19F magnetic field hyperpolarization profiles in the micro-Tesla regime indicating that the spontaneous hyperpolarization process likely happens directly from parahydrogen-derived hydride protons to 19F nucleus without spin-relaying via 15N site. In case of SABRE magnetic field regime (milli-Tesla magnetic field range), we found that magnetic field profiles for 1H and 19F hyperpolarization are very similar, and 19F polarization levels are significantly lower than 1H SABRE polarization levels and lower than 19F SABRE-SHEATH (i.e. obtained at micro-Tesla magnetic field) polarization levels. Our findings support the hypothesis that in milli-Tesla magnetic field regime, the process of 19F nuclei hyperpolarization is relayed via protons of substrate, and therefore is very inefficient. These findings are important in the context of improvement of the hyperpolarization hardware and rational design of the hyperpolarized molecular probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V. Chukanov
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Oleg G. Salnikov
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
| | - Alexandra Svyatova
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Corresponding Author
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22
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Cho A, Eskandari R, Miloushev VZ, Keshari KR. A non-synthetic approach to extending the lifetime of hyperpolarized molecules using D 2O solvation. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2018; 295:57-62. [PMID: 30099234 PMCID: PMC6131049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization is a robust technique to significantly increase magnetic resonance signal, the short T1 relaxation time of most 13C-nuclei limits the timescale of hyperpolarized experiments. To address this issue, we have characterized a non-synthetic approach to extend the hyperpolarized lifetime of 13C-nuclei in close proximity to solvent-exchangeable protons. Protons exhibit stronger dipolar relaxation than deuterium, so dissolving these compounds in D2O to exchange labile protons with solvating deuterons results in longer-lived hyperpolarization of the 13C-nucleus 2-bonds away. 13C T1 and T2 times were longer in D2O versus H2O for all molecules in this study. This phenomenon can be utilized to improve hyperpolarized signal-to-noise ratio as a function of longer T1, and enhanced spectral and imaging resolution via longer T2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Cho
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York City, NY 10065, United States; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York City, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Roozbeh Eskandari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Vesselin Z Miloushev
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York City, NY 10065, United States; Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY 10065, United States; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY 10065, United States.
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchuang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shujuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Si Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanchuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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24
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Seo H, Choi I, Whiting N, Hu J, Luu QS, Pudakalakatti S, McCowan C, Kim Y, Zacharias N, Lee S, Bhattacharya P, Lee Y. Hyperpolarized Porous Silicon Nanoparticles: Potential Theragnostic Material for29Si Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2143-2147. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonglim Seo
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
| | - Ikjang Choi
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
| | - Nicholas Whiting
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
- Current address: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biosciences; Rowan University; Glassboro, New Jersey 08028 USA
| | - Jingzhe Hu
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Quy Son Luu
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
| | - Shivanand Pudakalakatti
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Caitlin McCowan
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Yaewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University College Station; TX 77843 USA
| | - Niki Zacharias
- Department of Urology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- Department of Nanochemistry; Gachon University; Seongnam 13120 South Korea
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Youngbok Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
- Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
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25
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Harris T, Gamliel A, Uppala S, Nardi-Schreiber A, Sosna J, Gomori JM, Katz-Brull R. Long-lived 15 N Hyperpolarization and Rapid Relaxation as a Potential Basis for Repeated First Pass Perfusion Imaging - Marked Effects of Deuteration and Temperature. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2148-2152. [PMID: 29679471 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deuteration of the exchangeable hydrogens of [15 N2 ]urea was found to prolong the T1 of the 15 N sites to more than 3 min at physiological temperatures. This significant increase in the lifetime of the hyperpolarized state of [15 N2 ]urea, compared to [13 C]urea - a pre-clinically proven perfusion agent, makes [15 N2 ]urea a promising perfusion agent. The molecular parameters that may lead to this profound effect were assessed by investigating small molecules with different molecular structures containing 15 N sites bound to labile protons and determining the hyperpolarized 15 N T1 in H2 O and D2 O. Dissolution in D2 O led to marked prolongation for all of the selected sites. In whole human blood, the T1 of [15 N2 ]urea was shortened. We present a general strategy for exploiting the markedly longer T1 outside the body and the quick decay in blood for performing multiple hyperpolarized perfusion measurements with a single hyperpolarized dose. Improved storage of the generated [15 N2 ]urea polarization prior to the contact with the blood is demonstrated using higher temperatures due to further T1 prolongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Harris
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ayelet Gamliel
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sivaranjan Uppala
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Atara Nardi-Schreiber
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob Sosna
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - J Moshe Gomori
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Katz-Brull
- Department of Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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26
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Shchepin RV, Jaigirdar L, Chekmenev EY. Spin-Lattice Relaxation of Hyperpolarized Metronidazole in Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange in Micro-Tesla Fields. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2018; 122:4984-4996. [PMID: 29955244 PMCID: PMC6017983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous reversible chemical exchange of parahydrogen and to-be-hyperpolarized substrate on metal centers enables spontaneous transfer of spin order from parahydrogen singlet to nuclear spins of the substrate. When performed at sub-micro-Tesla magnetic field, this technique of NMR Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange in SHield Enables Alignment Transfer to Heteronuclei (SABRE-SHEATH). SABRE-SHEATH has been shown to hyperpolarize nitrogen-15 sites of a wide range of biologically interesting molecules to a high polarization level (P > 20%) in one minute. Here, we report on a systematic study of 1H, 13C and 15N spin-lattice relaxation (T1) of metronidazole-13C2-15N2 in SABRE-SHEATH hyperpolarization process. In micro-Tesla range, we find that all 1H, 13C and 15N spins studied share approximately the same T1 values (ca. 4 s at the conditions studied) due to mixing of their Zeeman levels, which is consistent with the model of relayed SABRE-SHEATH effect. These T1 values are significantly lower than those at higher magnetic (i.e. the Earth's magnetic field and above), which exceed 3 minutes in some cases. Moreover, these relatively short T1 values observed below 1 micro-Tesla limit the polarization build-up process of SABRE-SHEATH- thereby, limiting maximum attainable 15N polarization. The relatively short nature of T1 values observed below 1 micro-Tesla is primarily caused by intermolecular interactions with quadrupolar iridium centers or dihydride protons of the employed polarization transfer catalyst, whereas intramolecular spin-spin interactions with 14N quadrupolar centers have significantly smaller contribution. The presented experimental results and their analysis will be beneficial for more rational design of SABRE-SHEATH (i) polarization transfer catalyst, and (ii) hyperpolarized molecular probes in the context of biomedical imaging and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Lamya Jaigirdar
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Vanderbilt University, School of Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37232 United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310, United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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27
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Imakura Y, Nonaka H, Takakusagi Y, Ichikawa K, Maptue NR, Funk AM, Khemtong C, Sando S. Rational Design of [ 13 C,D 14 ]Tert-butylbenzene as a Scaffold Structure for Designing Long-lived Hyperpolarized 13 C Probes. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:280-283. [PMID: 29291256 PMCID: PMC6820848 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a technique to polarize the nuclear spin population. As a result of the hyperpolarization, the NMR sensitivity of the nuclei in molecules can be dramatically enhanced. Recent application of the hyperpolarization technique has led to advances in biochemical and molecular studies. A major problem is the short lifetime of the polarized nuclear spin state. Generally, in solution, the polarized nuclear spin state decays to a thermal spin equilibrium, resulting in loss of the enhanced NMR signal. This decay is correlated directly with the spin-lattice relaxation time T1 . Here we report [13 C,D14 ]tert-butylbenzene as a new scaffold structure for designing hyperpolarized 13 C probes. Thanks to the minimized spin-lattice relaxation (T1 ) pathways, its water-soluble derivative showed a remarkably long 13 C T1 value and long retention of the hyperpolarized spin state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Imakura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoichi Takakusagi
- Incubation Center for Advanced Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ichikawa
- Incubation Center for Advanced Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Nesmine R Maptue
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
| | - Alexander M Funk
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
| | - Chalermchai Khemtong
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
| | - Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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28
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Stavarache C, Hanganu A, Paun A, Paraschivescu C, Matache M, Vasos PR. Long-lived states detect interactions between small molecules and diamagnetic metal ions. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2017; 284:15-19. [PMID: 28938134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Long-lived states of nuclear spin order were used for the first time to probe interactions between molecules and diamagnetic metal ions. Proton spin states with lifetimes twice as long as the spin-lattice relaxation time constants of the same nuclei were promoted on the methoxyphenyl and tolyl substituents of a 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative. The transient interaction of this oxadiazole derivative with silver(I) ions significantly speeds up the relaxation rate constants of proton long-lived states. The interactions between silver and organic compounds lead to the formation of coordination polymers that can be used for the preparation of bio-compatible materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Stavarache
- Institute of Organic Chemistry "C.D. Nenitescu" of the Romanian Academy, 202B Spl. Independentei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania; Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Sos. Panduri, No. 90, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anamaria Hanganu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry "C.D. Nenitescu" of the Romanian Academy, 202B Spl. Independentei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania; Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Sos. Panduri, No. 90, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Paun
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Sos. Panduri, No. 90, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Codruta Paraschivescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Sos. Panduri, No. 90, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Matache
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Sos. Panduri, No. 90, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paul R Vasos
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), 36-46 B-dul M. Kogalniceanu, 050107 Bucharest, Romania; Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI-NP)/Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics & Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Reactorului St., 30, PO Box MG-6, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.
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29
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Kovtunov KV, Kovtunova LM, Gemeinhardt ME, Bukhtiyarov AV, Gesiorski J, Bukhtiyarov VI, Chekmenev EY, Koptyug IV, Goodson BM. Heterogeneous Microtesla SABRE Enhancement of 15 N NMR Signals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10433-10437. [PMID: 28644918 PMCID: PMC5561492 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The hyperpolarization of heteronuclei via signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) was investigated under conditions of heterogeneous catalysis and microtesla magnetic fields. Immobilization of [IrCl(COD)(IMes)], [IMes=1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl), imidazole-2-ylidene; COD=cyclooctadiene] catalyst onto silica particles modified with amine linkers engenders an effective heterogeneous SABRE (HET-SABRE) catalyst that was used to demonstrate a circa 100-fold enhancement of 15 N NMR signals in 15 N-pyridine at 9.4 T following parahydrogen bubbling within a magnetic shield. No 15 N NMR enhancement was observed from the supernatant liquid following catalyst separation, which along with XPS characterization supports the fact that the effects result from SABRE under heterogeneous catalytic conditions. The technique can be developed further for producing catalyst-free agents via SABRE with hyperpolarized heteronuclear spins, and thus is promising for biomedical NMR and MRI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Larisa M Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Max E Gemeinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Andrey V Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Jonathan Gesiorski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Nashville, TN, 37232-2310, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospekt 14, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging, International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Boyd M Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
- Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
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30
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Kovtunov KV, Kovtunova LM, Gemeinhardt ME, Bukhtiyarov AV, Gesiorski J, Bukhtiyarov VI, Chekmenev EY, Koptyug IV, Goodson BM. Heterogeneous Microtesla SABRE Enhancement of
15
N NMR Signals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center, SB RAS 3A Institutskaya St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Max E. Gemeinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | - Andrey V. Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Jonathan Gesiorski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
| | | | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS) Department of Radiology Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC) Nashville TN 37232-2310 USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskiy Prospekt 14 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center, SB RAS 3A Institutskaya St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
- Materials Technology Center Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA
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31
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Bales L, Kovtunov KV, Barskiy DA, Shchepin RV, Coffey AM, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov AV, Feldman MA, Bukhtiyarov VI, Chekmenev EY, Koptyug IV, Goodson BM. Aqueous, Heterogeneous Parahydrogen-Induced 15N Polarization. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:15304-15309. [PMID: 29238438 PMCID: PMC5723423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b05912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The successful transfer of parahydrogen-induced polarization to 15N spins using heterogeneous catalysts in aqueous solutions was demonstrated. Hydrogenation of a synthesized unsaturated 15N-labeled precursor (neurine) with parahydrogen (p-H2) over Rh/TiO2 heterogeneous catalysts yielded a hyperpolarized structural analog of choline. As a result, 15N polarization enhancements of over two orders of magnitude were achieved for the 15N-ethyl trimethyl ammonium ion product in deuterated water at elevated temperatures. Enhanced 15N NMR spectra were successfully acquired at 9.4 T and 0.05 T. Importantly, long hyperpolarization lifetimes were observed at 9.4 T, with a 15N T1 of ~6 min for the product molecules, and the T1 of the deuterated form exceeded 8 min. Taken together, these results show that this approach for generating hyperpolarized species with extended lifetimes in aqueous, biologically compatible solutions is promising for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana
B. Bales
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- International
Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- E-mail: (K.V.K.)
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Roman V. Shchepin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Boreskov
Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | | | - Matthew A. Feldman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Valerii I. Bukhtiyarov
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Boreskov
Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics,
Vanderbilt-Ingram
Cancer Center (VICC), and Vanderbilt Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS),
Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- E-mail: (E.Y.C.)
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International
Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk
State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
- E-mail: (B.M.G.)
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32
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Zhou Z, Yu J, Colell JFP, Laasner R, Logan A, Barskiy D, Schepin R, Chekmenev EY, Blum V, Warren WS, Theis T. Long-Lived 13C 2 Nuclear Spin States Hyperpolarized by Parahydrogen in Reversible Exchange at Microtesla Fields. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3008-3014. [PMID: 28594557 PMCID: PMC5580346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Parahydrogen is an inexpensive and readily available source of hyperpolarization used to enhance magnetic resonance signals by up to four orders of magnitude above thermal signals obtained at ∼10 T. A significant challenge for applications is fast signal decay after hyperpolarization. Here we use parahydrogen-based polarization transfer catalysis at microtesla fields (first introduced as SABRE-SHEATH) to hyperpolarize 13C2 spin pairs and find decay time constants of 12 s for magnetization at 0.3 mT, which are extended to 2 min at that same field, when long-lived singlet states are hyperpolarized instead. Enhancements over thermal at 8.5 T are between 30 and 170 fold (0.02 to 0.12% polarization). We control the spin dynamics of polarization transfer by choice of microtesla field, allowing for deliberate hyperpolarization of either magnetization or long-lived singlet states. Density functional theory calculations and experimental evidence identify two energetically close mechanisms for polarization transfer: First, a model that involves direct binding of the 13C2 pair to the polarization transfer catalyst and, second, a model transferring polarization through auxiliary protons in substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
| | | | - Raul Laasner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
| | - Angus Logan
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
| | - Danila Barskiy
- Departments of Radiology, Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Vanderbilt University, Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Roman Schepin
- Departments of Radiology, Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Departments of Radiology, Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
| | - Volker Blum
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
| | - Warren S. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
- Departments of Radiology, Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
| | - Thomas Theis
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham NC 27708, United States
- Corresponding Author: To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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33
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Shchepin RV, Barskiy DA, Coffey AM, Feldman MA, Kovtunova LM, Bukhtiyarov VI, Kovtunov KV, Goodson BM, Koptyug IV, Chekmenev EY. Robust Imidazole‐
15
N
2
Synthesis for High‐Resolution Low‐Field (0.05 T)
15
N Hyperpolarized NMR Spectroscopy. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Shchepin
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Danila A. Barskiy
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Aaron M. Coffey
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Matthew A. Feldman
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
| | - Larisa M. Kovtunova
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Valerii I. Bukhtiyarov
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Kirill V. Kovtunov
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center (ITC), SB RAS 3 A Institutskaya St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Southern Illinois University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Materials Technology Center Carbondale IL 62901 United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- Novosibirsk State University 2 Pirogova St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Microimaging International Tomography Center (ITC), SB RAS 3 A Institutskaya St. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2310 United States
- Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskiy Prospekt 14 119991 Moscow Russia
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34
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Nishihara T, Kameyama Y, Nonaka H, Takakusagi Y, Hyodo F, Ichikawa K, Sando S. A Strategy to Design Hyperpolarized
13
C Magnetic Resonance Probes Using [1‐
13
C]α‐Amino Acid as a Scaffold Structure. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:949-953. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Nishihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Yutaka Kameyama
- INAMORI Frontier Research Center Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Yoichi Takakusagi
- Incubation Center for Advanced Medical Science Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Fuminori Hyodo
- Incubation Center for Advanced Medical Science Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ichikawa
- Incubation Center for Advanced Medical Science Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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