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Pausch J, Holz M, Zhu B, Cheng W. Rhizosphere priming promotes plant nitrogen acquisition by microbial necromass recycling. Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:1987-1996. [PMID: 38369964 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen availability in the rhizosphere relies on root-microorganism interactions, where root exudates trigger soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition through the rhizosphere priming effect (RPE). Though microbial necromass contribute significantly to organically bound soil nitrogen (N), the role of RPEs in regulating necromass recycling and plant nitrogen acquisition has received limited attention. We used 15N natural abundance as a proxy for necromass-N since necromass is enriched in 15N compared to other soil-N forms. We combined studies using the same experimental design for continuous 13CO2 labelling of various plant species and the same soil type, but considering top- and subsoil. RPE were quantified as difference in SOM-decomposition between planted and unplanted soils. Results showed higher plant N uptake as RPEs increased. The positive relationship between 15N-enrichment of shoots and roots and RPEs indicated an enhanced necromass-N turnover by RPE. Moreover, our data revealed that RPEs were saturated with increasing carbon (C) input via rhizodeposition in topsoil. In subsoil, RPEs increased linearly within a small range of C input indicating a strong effect of root-released C on decomposition rates in deeper soil horizons. Overall, this study confirmed the functional importance of rhizosphere C input for plant N acquisition through enhanced necromass turnover by RPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pausch
- Agroecology, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Bayern, Germany
| | - Maire Holz
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Biao Zhu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weixin Cheng
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
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2
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Liu M, Han G. Alterations of ecosystem nitrogen status following agricultural land abandonment in the Karst Critical Zone Observatory (KCZO), Southwest China. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14790. [PMID: 36726724 PMCID: PMC9885863 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Secondary succession after agricultural land abandonment generally affects nitrogen (N) cycle processes and ecosystem N status. However, changes in soil N availability and NO3 - loss potential following secondary succession are not well understood in karst ecosystems. Methods In the Karst Critical Zone Observatory (KCZO) of Southwest China, croplands, shrub-grass lands, and secondary forest lands were selected to represent the three stages of secondary succession after agricultural land abandonment by using a space-for-time substitution approach. The contents and 15N natural abundance (δ 15N) of leaves, soils, and different-sized aggregates at the three stages of secondary succession were analyzed. The δ 15N compositions of soil organic nitrogen (SON) in aggregates and soil to plant 15N enrichment factor (EF = δ 15Nleaf -δ 15Nsoil), combined with soil inorganic N contents and δ 15N compositions were used to indicate the alterations of soil N availability and NO3 -loss potential following secondary succession. Results Leaf N content and SON content significantly increased following secondary succession, indicating N accumulation in the soil and plant. The δ 15N values of SON also significantly decreased, mainly affected by plant δ 15N composition and N mineralization. SON content in macro-aggregates and soil NH4 + content significantly increased while δ 15N values of NH4 + decreased, implying increases in SON stabilization and improved soil N availability following secondary succession. Leaf δ 15N values, the EF values, and the (NO3 --N)/(NH4 +-N) ratio gradually decreased, indicating reduced NO3 - loss following secondary succession. Conclusions Soil N availability improves and NO3 - leaching loss reduces following secondary succession after agricultural land abandonment in the KCZO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Guilin Han
- Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
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Fricko N, Wanek W, Fellner J. Applying the 15N labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Biodegradation 2022; 33:557-573. [PMID: 36219273 PMCID: PMC9581851 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-022-10000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reactive nitrogen (N) species, such as ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3) and gaseous nitrous oxide (N2O), are released into the environment during the degradation of municipal solid waste (MSW), causing persistent environmental problems. Landfill remediation measures, such as in-situ aeration, may accelerate the degradation of organic compounds and reduce the discharge of ammonium via leachate. Nonetheless, the actual amount of N in the waste material remains relatively constant and a coherent explanation for the decline in leachate ammonium concentrations is still lacking. Hence, the present study aimed to elucidate the dynamics of N and its transformation processes during waste degradation. To this end, the gross rates of organic N mineralization and nitrification were measured using 15N pool dilution in waste material derived from a landfill simulation reactor (LSR) experiment. The results revealed a high potential for N mineralization and nitrification, the latter of which declined with the diminishing amount of extractable ammonium (after aeration). The analysis of the concentration and isotopic composition of N2O formed confirmed incomplete denitrification as the main source for N2O. Moreover, the natural abundance of 15N was investigated in various waste N pools to verify the conclusions drawn from the 15N tracing experiment. δ15N values of total waste N increased during aeration, indicating that nitrification is the major driver for N losses from aerated waste. The application of stable isotopes thereby allowed unprecedented insights into the complex N dynamics in decomposing landfill waste, of their response to aeration and their effect on hydrological versus gaseous loss pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Fricko
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Wanek
- Center of Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Fellner
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040 Vienna, Austria
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Suetsugu K, Yamato M, Matsubayashi J, Tayasu I. Partial and full mycoheterotrophy in green and albino phenotypes of the slipper orchid Cypripedium debile. Mycorrhiza 2021; 31:301-312. [PMID: 33852063 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-021-01032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Most green orchids form mycorrhizal associations with rhizoctonia fungi, a polyphyletic group including Serendipitaceae, Ceratobasidiaceae, and Tulasnellaceae. Although accumulating evidence indicated that partial mycoheterotrophy occurs in such so-called rhizoctonia-associated orchids, it remains unclear how much nutrition rhizoctonia-associated orchids obtain via mycoheterotrophic relationships. We investigated the physiological ecology of green and albino individuals of a rhizoctonia-associated orchid Cypripedium debile, by using molecular barcoding of the mycobionts and stable isotope (13C and 15 N) analysis. Molecular barcoding of the mycobionts indicated that the green and albino individuals harbored Tulasnella spp., which formed a clade with the previously reported C. debile mycobionts. In addition, stable isotope analysis showed that both phenotypes were significantly enriched in 13C but not in 15 N. Therefore, green and albino individuals were recognized as partial and full mycoheterotrophs, respectively. The green variants were estimated to obtain 42.5 ± 8.2% of their C from fungal sources, using the 13C enrichment factor of albino individuals as a mycoheterotrophic endpoint. The proportion of fungal-derived C in green C. debile was higher than that reported in other rhizoctonia-associated orchids. The high fungal dependence may facilitate the emergence of albino mutants. Our study provides the first evidence of partial mycoheterotrophy in the subfamily Cypripedioideae. Partial mycoheterotrophy may be more general than previously recognized in the family Orchidaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
| | | | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Biogeochemistry Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Suetsugu K, Haraguchi TF, Tanabe AS, Tayasu I. Specialized mycorrhizal association between a partially mycoheterotrophic orchid Oreorchis indica and a Tomentella taxon. Mycorrhiza 2021; 31:243-250. [PMID: 33150532 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00999-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of full mycoheterotrophy in orchids likely occurs through intermediate stages (i.e., partial mycoheterotrophy or mixotrophy), in which adult plants obtain nutrition through both autotrophy and mycoheterotrophy. However, because of its cryptic manifestation, partial mycoheterotrophy has only been confirmed in slightly more than 20 orchid species. Here, we hypothesized that Oreorchis indica is partially mycoheterotrophic, since (i) Oreorchis is closely related to leafless Corallorhiza, and (ii) it possesses clustered, multi-branched rhizomes that are often found in fully mycoheterotrophic orchids. Accordingly, we investigated the nutritional modes of O. indica in a Japanese subboreal forest by measuring the 13C and 15N abundances and by community profiling of its mycorrhizal fungi. We found that O. indica mycorrhizal samples (all 12 samples from four individuals) were predominantly colonized by a single OTU of the obligate ectomycorrhizal Tomentella (Thelephoraceae). In addition, the leaves of O. indica were highly enriched in both 13C and 15N compared with those of co-occurring autotrophic plants. It was estimated that O. indica obtained 44.4 ± 6.2% of its carbon from fungal sources. These results strongly suggest that in the Oreorchis-Corallorhiza clade, full mycoheterotrophy evolved after the establishment of partial mycoheterotrophy, rather than through direct shifts from autotrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Takashi F Haraguchi
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
- Biodiversity Research Center, Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture, 10-4 Koyamotomachi, Osaka, 572-0088, Neyagawa, Japan
| | - Akifumi S Tanabe
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
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Tatsumi C, Hyodo F, Taniguchi T, Shi W, Koba K, Fukushima K, Du S, Yamanaka N, Templer P, Tateno R. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Community in Roots and Nitrogen Uptake Patterns of Understory Trees Beneath Ectomycorrhizal and Non-ectomycorrhizal Overstory Trees. Front Plant Sci 2021; 11:583585. [PMID: 33519844 PMCID: PMC7840530 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.583585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential plant nutrient, and plants can take up N from several sources, including via mycorrhizal fungal associations. The N uptake patterns of understory plants may vary beneath different types of overstory trees, especially through the difference in their type of mycorrhizal association (arbuscular mycorrhizal, AM; or ectomycorrhizal, ECM), because soil mycorrhizal community and N availability differ beneath AM (non-ECM) and ECM overstory trees (e.g., relatively low nitrate content beneath ECM overstory trees). To test this hypothesis, we examined six co-existing AM-symbiotic understory tree species common beneath both AM-symbiotic black locust (non-ECM) and ECM-symbiotic oak trees of dryland forests in China. We measured AM fungal community composition of roots and natural abundance stable isotopic composition of N (δ15N) in plant leaves, roots, and soils. The root mycorrhizal community composition of understory trees did not significantly differ between beneath non-ECM and ECM overstory trees, although some OTUs more frequently appeared beneath non-ECM trees. Understory trees beneath non-ECM overstory trees had similar δ15N values in leaves and soil nitrate, suggesting that they took up most of their nitrogen as nitrate. Beneath ECM overstory trees, understory trees had consistently lower leaf than root δ15N, suggesting they depended on mycorrhizal fungi for N acquisition since mycorrhizal fungi transfer isotopically light N to host plants. Additionally, leaf N concentrations in the understory trees were lower beneath ECM than the non-ECM overstory trees. Our results show that, without large differences in root mycorrhizal community, the N uptake patterns of understory trees vary between beneath different overstory trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikae Tatsumi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fujio Hyodo
- Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Weiyu Shi
- School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keisuke Koba
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Shiga, Japan
| | | | - Sheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Pamela Templer
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryunosuke Tateno
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Skovpin IV, Svyatova A, Chukanov N, Chekmenev EY, Kovtunov KV, Koptyug IV. 15 N Hyperpolarization of Dalfampridine at Natural Abundance for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Chemistry 2019; 25:12694-12697. [PMID: 31338889 PMCID: PMC6790219 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) is a promising method for NMR signal enhancement and production of hyperpolarized molecules. As nuclear spin relaxation times of heteronuclei are usually much longer than those of protons, SABRE-based hyperpolarization of heteronuclei in molecules is highly important in the context of biomedical applications. In this work, we demonstrate that the SLIC-SABRE technique can be successfully used to hyperpolarize 15 N nuclei in dalfampridine. The high polarization level of ca. 8 % achieved in this work made it possible to acquire 15 N MR images at natural abundance of the 15 N nuclei for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Skovpin
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Alexandra Svyatova
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Nikita Chukanov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Chemistry, Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 14 Leninskiy Prospekt, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, SB RAS, 3A Institutskaya st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova st., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Suetsugu K, Yamato M, Matsubayashi J, Tayasu I. Comparative study of nutritional mode and mycorrhizal fungi in green and albino variants of Goodyera velutina, an orchid mainly utilizing saprotrophic rhizoctonia. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:4290-4299. [PMID: 31448451 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The majority of chlorophyllous orchids form mycorrhizal associations with so-called rhizoctonia fungi, a phylogenetically heterogeneous assemblage of predominantly saprotrophic fungi in Ceratobasidiaceae, Tulasnellaceae, and Serendipitaceae. It is still a matter of debate whether adult orchids mainly associated with rhizoctonia species are partially mycoheterotrophic. Here, we investigated the nutritional modes of green and albino variants of Goodyera velutina, an orchid species considered to be mainly associated with Ceratobasidium spp., by measuring their 13 C and 15 N abundances, and by molecular barcoding of their mycorrhizal fungi. Molecular analysis revealed that both green and albino variants of G. velutina harbored a similar range of mycobionts, mainly saprotrophic Ceratobasidium spp., Tulasnella spp., and ectomycorrhizal Russula spp. In addition, stable isotope analysis revealed that albino variants were significantly enriched in 13 C but not so greatly in 15 N, suggesting that saprotrophic Ceratobasidium spp. and Tulasnella spp. are their main carbon source. However, in green variants, 13 C levels were depleted and those of 15 N were indistinguishable from the co-occurring autotrophic plants. Therefore, we concluded that the albino G. velutina variants are fully mycoheterotrophic plants whose C derives mainly from saprotrophic rhizoctonia, while the green G. velutina variants are mainly autotrophic plants, at least at our study site, in spite of their additional associations with ectomycorrhizal fungi. This is the first report demonstrating that adult nonphotosynthetic albino variants can obtain their nutrition mainly from nonectomycorrhizal rhizoctonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
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Preiner J, Wienkoop S, Weckwerth W, Oburger E. Molecular Mechanisms of Tungsten Toxicity Differ for Glycine max Depending on Nitrogen Regime. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:367. [PMID: 31001297 PMCID: PMC6454624 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten (W) finds increasing application in military, aviation and household appliance industry, opening new paths into the environment. Since W shares certain chemical properties with the essential plant micronutrient molybdenum (Mo), it is proposed to inhibit enzymatic activity of molybdoenzymes [e.g., nitrate reductase (NR)] by replacing the Mo-ion bound to the co-factor. Recent studies suggest that W, much like other heavy metals, also exerts toxicity on its own. To create a comprehensive picture of tungsten stress, this study investigated the effects of W on growth and metabolism of soybean (Glycine max), depending on plant nitrogen regime [nitrate fed (N fed) vs. symbiotic N2 fixation (N fix)] by combining plant physiological data (biomass production, starch and nutrient content, N2 fixation, nitrate reductase activity) with root and nodule proteome data. Irrespective of N regime, NR activity and total N decreased with increasing W concentrations. Nodulation and therefore also N2 fixation strongly declined at high W concentrations, particularly in N fix plants. However, N2 fixation rate (g N fixed g-1 nodule dwt) remained unaffected by increasing W concentrations. Proteomic analysis revealed a strong decline in leghemoglobin and nitrogenase precursor levels (NifD), as well as an increase in abundance of proteins involved in secondary metabolism in N fix nodules. Taken together this indicates that, in contrast to the reported direct inhibition of NR, N2 fixation appears to be indirectly inhibited by a decrease in nitrogenase synthesis due to W induced changes in nodule oxygen levels of N fix plants. Besides N metabolism, plants exhibited a strong reduction of shoot (both N regimes) and root (N fed only) biomass, an imbalance in nutrient levels and a failure of carbon metabolic pathways accompanied by an accumulation of starch at high tungsten concentrations, independent of N-regime. Proteomic data (available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010877) demonstrated that the response to high W concentrations was independent of nodule functionality and dominated by several peroxidases and other general stress related proteins. Based on an evaluation of several W responsive proteotypic peptides, we identified a set of protein markers of W stress and possible targets for improved stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Preiner
- Division of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Tulln, Austria
| | - Stefanie Wienkoop
- Division of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Division of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Oburger
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Tulln, Austria
- Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Fuertes-Mendizábal T, Estavillo JM, Duñabeitia MK, Huérfano X, Castellón A, González-Murua C, Aizpurua A, González-Moro MB. 15N Natural Abundance Evidences a Better Use of N Sources by Late Nitrogen Application in Bread Wheat. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:853. [PMID: 29988400 PMCID: PMC6024020 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This work explores whether the natural abundance of N isotopes technique could be used to understand the movement of N within the plant during vegetative and grain filling phases in wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.) under different fertilizer management strategies. We focus on the effect of splitting the same N dose through a third late amendment at flag leaf stage (GS37) under humid Mediterranean conditions, where high spring precipitations can guarantee the incorporation of the lately applied N to the soil-plant system in an efficient way. The results are discussed in the context of agronomic parameters as N content, grain yield and quality, and show that further splitting the same N dose improves the wheat quality and induces a better nitrogen use efficiency. The nitrogen isotopic natural abundance technique shows that N remobilization is a discriminating process that leads to an impoverishment in 15N of senescent leaves and grain itself. This technique also reflects the more efficient use of N resources (fertilizer and native soil-N) when plants receive a late N amendment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M. Estavillo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Miren K. Duñabeitia
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ximena Huérfano
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ander Castellón
- NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Derio, Spain
| | - Carmen González-Murua
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ana Aizpurua
- NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Derio, Spain
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Barbosa N, Portilla E, Buendia HF, Raatz B, Beebe S, Rao I. Genotypic differences in symbiotic nitrogen fixation ability and seed yield of climbing bean. Plant Soil 2018; 428:223-239. [PMID: 30996486 PMCID: PMC6435206 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-018-3665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) contributes to improve grain yield under nitrogen (N) deficiency. Climbing beans are known to be superior to bush beans in their potential for SNF. The main objectives of this study were to: (i) quantify genotypic differences in SNF ability of climbing beans using 15N natural abundance method; (ii) identify climbing bean genotypes that combine high SNF ability with high yield potential that could serve as parents in the breeding program; and (iii) test whether δ15N in seed can be used instead of δ15N in shoot for estimating SNF ability. METHODS 98 Climbing bean genotypes were evaluated for SNF ability in terms of nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (%Ndfa). Field trials were conducted at two locations in Colombia. RESULTS Significant genotypic differences were observed in SNF ability. Good yielding lines with 4.6 t ha-1 fixed as much as 60% of their N (up to 92 kg of N fixed ha-1) without application of N fertilizer to soil. CONCLUSIONS Based on evaluations from both locations, seven climbing bean lines (ENF 235, ENF 234, ENF 28, ENF 21, MAC 27, CGA 10 and PO07AT49) were identified as promising genotypes. Seed samples can be used to determine SNF ability, to select for genotypes with superior SNF ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Barbosa
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713 Cali, Colombia
| | - Elizabeth Portilla
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713 Cali, Colombia
| | - Hector Fabio Buendia
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713 Cali, Colombia
| | - Bodo Raatz
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713 Cali, Colombia
| | - Stephen Beebe
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713 Cali, Colombia
| | - Idupulapati Rao
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713 Cali, Colombia
- Present Address: Plant Polymer Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 61604 USA
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Nygren P, Leblanc HA. Dinitrogen fixation by legume shade trees and direct transfer of fixed N to associated cacao in a tropical agroforestry system. Tree Physiol 2015; 35:134-147. [PMID: 25618898 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpu116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Natural abundance of (15)N (δ (15)N) was determined in bulk soil, rhizospheric soil and vegetation in an organically managed cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plantation with Inga edulis Mart. legume trees (inga) as the principal shade for studying the nitrogen (N) cycle in the system. Cacao without contact with legumes in an adjacent plantation was used as the reference for N2 fixation and direct N transfer calculations. Bulk and rhizospheric soils contained 72 and 20%, respectively, of whole- system N. No vegetation effect on δ (15)N in rhizospheric soil was detected, probably due to the high native soil N pool. Fine roots of the cacaos associated with inga contained ∼35% of N fixed from the atmosphere (Nf) out of the total N. Leaves of all species had significantly higher δ (15)N than fine roots. Twenty percent of system Nf was found in cacao suggesting direct N transfer from inga via a common mycelial network of mycorrhizal fungi or recycling of N-rich root exudates of inga. Inga had accumulated 98 kg [Nf] ha(-1) during the 14-year history of the plantation. The conservative estimate of current N2 fixation rate was 41 kg [Nf] ha(-1) year(-1) based on inga biomass only and 50 kg [Nf] ha(-1) year(-1) based on inga and associated trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Nygren
- Department of Forest Science PO Box 27, 00014 University of Helsinki Finland Current address: Finnish Society of Forest Science, PO Box 18, 01301 Vantaa Finland
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Stöckel M, Těšitelová T, Jersáková J, Bidartondo MI, Gebauer G. Carbon and nitrogen gain during the growth of orchid seedlings in nature. New Phytol 2014; 202:606-615. [PMID: 24444001 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
For germination and establishment, orchids depend on carbon (C) and nutrients supplied by mycorrhizal fungi. As adults, the majority of orchids then appear to become autotrophic. To compare the proportional C and nitrogen (N) gain from fungi in mycoheterotrophic seedlings and in adults, here we examined in the field C and N stable isotope compositions in seedlings and adults of orchids associated with ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi. Using a new highly sensitive approach, we measured the isotope compositions of seedlings and adults of four orchid species belonging to different functional groups: fully and partially mycoheterotrophic orchids associated with narrow or broad sets of ectomycorrhizal fungi, and two adult putatively autotrophic orchids associated exclusively with saprotrophic fungi. Seedlings of orchids associated with ectomycorrhizal fungi were enriched in (13) C and (15) N similarly to fully mycoheterotrophic adults. Seedlings of saprotroph-associated orchids were also enriched in (13) C and (15) N, but unexpectedly their enrichment was significantly lower, making them hardly distinguishable from their respective adult stages and neighbouring autotrophic plants. We conclude that partial mycoheterotrophy among saprotroph-associated orchids cannot be identified unequivocally based on C and N isotope compositions alone. Thus, partial mycoheterotrophy may be much more widely distributed among orchids than hitherto assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Stöckel
- Laboratory of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Tamara Těšitelová
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Jersáková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Gerhard Gebauer
- Laboratory of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
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Stewart GR, Aidar MP, Joly CA, Schmidt S. Impact of point source pollution on nitrogen isotope signatures (δ 15N) of vegetation in SE Brazil. Oecologia 2002; 131:468-72. [PMID: 28547720 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-002-0906-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2001] [Accepted: 02/11/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study presents novel evidence that 15N natural abundance can be used as a robust indicator to detect pollutant nitrogen in natural plant communities. Vegetation from the heavily polluted industrial area of Cubatão in São Paulo State, SE Brazil, was strongly 15N depleted compared to plants at remote sites. Historic herbarium samples from Cubatão were significantly less 15N depleted than extant plants, indicating that 15N depletion of vegetation is associated with present-day nitrogen pollution in Cubatão. The heavy load of nitrogenous atmospheric pollutants in Cubatão provides a nitrogen source for plants, and strongly 15N depleted air NH3 is likely to contribute to plant and soil 15N depletion. Epiphytic plants from Cubatão were extremely 15N depleted (average -10.9‰) contrasting with epiphytes at remote sites (averages -1.0‰ and -3.0‰). Nitrogen isotope composition of vegetation provides a tool to determine input of pollutant nitrogen into plant communities. The strong isotopic change of epiphytes suggests that epiphytes are particularly sensitive biomonitors for atmospheric pollutant nitrogen.
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Erskine PD, Bergstrom DM, Schmidt S, Stewart GR, Tweedie CE, Shaw JD. Subantarctic Macquarie Island - a model ecosystem for studying animal-derived nitrogen sources using 15N natural abundance. Oecologia 1998; 117:187-193. [PMID: 28308485 DOI: 10.1007/s004420050647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Plants collected from diverse sites on subantarctic Macquarie Island varied by up to 30‰ in their leaf δ15N values. 15N natural abundance of plants, soils, animal excrement and atmospheric ammonia suggest that the majority of nitrogen utilised by plants growing in the vicinity of animal colonies or burrows is animal-derived. Plants growing near scavengers and animal higher in the food chain had highly enriched δ15N values (mean = 12.9‰), reflecting the highly enriched signature of these animals' excrement, while plants growing near nesting penguins and albatross, which have an intermediate food chain position, had less enriched δ15N values (>6‰). Vegetation in areas affected by rabbits had lower δ15N values (mean = 1.2‰), while the highly depleted δ15N values (below -5‰) of plants at upland plateau sites inland of penguin colonies, suggested that a portion of their nitrogen is derived from ammonia (mean 15N =-10‰) lost during the degradation of penguin guano. Vegetation in a remote area had δ15N values near -2‰. These results contrast with arctic and subarctic studies that attribute large variations in plant 15N values to nitrogen partitioning in nitrogen-limited environments. Here, plant 15N reflects the 15N of the likely nitrogen sources utilised by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Erskine
- Department of Botany, The University of Queensland, 4072 QLD Brisbane, Australia e-mail: , Fax: +61-7-33651699, , , , , , AU
| | - Dana M Bergstrom
- Department of Botany, The University of Queensland, 4072 QLD Brisbane, Australia e-mail: , Fax: +61-7-33651699, , , , , , AU
| | - Susanne Schmidt
- Department of Botany, The University of Queensland, 4072 QLD Brisbane, Australia e-mail: , Fax: +61-7-33651699, , , , , , AU
| | - George R Stewart
- Department of Botany, The University of Queensland, 4072 QLD Brisbane, Australia e-mail: , Fax: +61-7-33651699, , , , , , AU
| | - Craig E Tweedie
- Department of Botany, The University of Queensland, 4072 QLD Brisbane, Australia e-mail: , Fax: +61-7-33651699, , , , , , AU
| | - Justine D Shaw
- Department of Botany, The University of Queensland, 4072 QLD Brisbane, Australia e-mail: , Fax: +61-7-33651699, , , , , , AU
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