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Guisado D, Talware S, Wang X, Davis A, Fozilov E, Etra A, Colombel JF, Schaniel C, Tastad C, Levine JE, Ferrara JLM, Chuang LS, Sabic K, Singh S, Marcellino BK, Hoffman R, Cho J, Cohen LJ. The reparative immunologic consequences of stem cell transplantation as a cellular therapy for refractory Crohn's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.30.596699. [PMID: 38895305 PMCID: PMC11185544 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.30.596699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Treatment strategies for Crohn's disease (CD) suppress diverse inflammatory pathways but many patients remain refractory to treatment. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) has emerged as a therapy for medically refractory CD. SCT was developed to rescue cancer patients from myelosuppressive chemotherapy but its use for CD and other immune diseases necessitates reimagining SCT as a cellular therapy that restores appropriately responsive immune cell populations from hematopoietic progenitors in the stem cell autograft (i.e. immune "reset"). Here we present a paradigm to understand SCT as a cellular therapy for immune diseases and reveal how SCT re-establishes cellular immunity utilizing high-dimensional cellular phenotyping and functional studies of the stem cell grafts. Methods Immunophenotyping using CyTOF, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing was performed on peripheral blood and intestinal tissue samples from refractory CD patients who underwent SCT. The stem cell graft from these patients was analyzed using flow cytometry and functionally interrogated using a murine model for engraftment. Results Our study revealed a remodeling of intestinal macrophages capable of supporting mucosal healing that was independently validated using multimodal studies of immune reconstitution events including CyTOF and scRNA-seq. Functional interrogation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) using a xenograft model demonstrated that HSCs shape the timing of immune reconstitution, the selected reconstitution of specific cell lineages and potentially the clinical efficacy of SCT. Conclusions These studies indicate that SCT serves as a myeloid-directed cellular therapy re-establishing homeostatic intestinal macrophages that support intestinal healing and suggest refractory CD evolves from impairment of restorative functions in myeloid cells. Furthermore, we report heterogeneity among HSCs from CD patients which may drive SCT outcomes and suggests an unrecognized impact of CD pathophysiology on HSC in the marrow niche.
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2
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Kruk D, Yeung ACY, Faiz A, ten Hacken NHT, Timens W, van Kuppevelt TH, Daamen W, Hof D, Harmsen MC, Rojas M, Heijink IH. Gene expression profiles in mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue and lung tissue of COPD patients and controls. Respir Res 2023; 24:22. [PMID: 36681830 PMCID: PMC9863276 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible lung tissue damage. Novel regenerative strategies are urgently awaited. Cultured mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have shown promising results in experimental models of COPD, but differences between sources may impact on their potential use in therapeutic strategies in patients. AIM To assess the transcriptome of lung-derived MSCs (LMSCs), bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSC) and adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) from COPD patients and non-COPD controls. METHODS We studied differences in gene expression profiles between the MSC-subtypes, as well as between COPD and control using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). RESULTS We show that besides heterogeneity between donors, MSCs from different sources have strongly divergent gene signatures. The growth factors FGF10 and HGF were predominantly expressed in LMSCs. MSCs from all sources displayed altered expression profiles in COPD, with most pronounced significantly up- and downregulated genes in MSCs from adipose tissue. Pathway analysis revealed that the most differentially expressed genes in COPD-derived AD-MSCs are involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) binding and expression. In LMSCs, the gene that differed most strongly between COPD and control was CSGALNACT1, an ECM modulating gene. CONCLUSION Autologous MSCs from COPD patients display abnormalities with respect to their transcriptome, which were surprisingly most profound in MSCs from extrapulmonary sources. LMSCs may be optimally equipped for lung tissue repair because of the expression of specific growth factor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Kruk
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Groningen The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna C. Y. Yeung
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology (RBMB) Group, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XWoolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW Australia
| | - Alen Faiz
- grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology (RBMB) Group, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
| | - Nick H. T. ten Hacken
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Groningen The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Toin H. van Kuppevelt
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Department of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willeke Daamen
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Department of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Danique Hof
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Department of Biochemistry, University of Nijmegen, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C. Harmsen
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Irene H. Heijink
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, Groningen The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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3
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Paracrine Regulation of Alveolar Epithelial Damage and Repair Responses by Human Lung-Resident Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112860. [PMID: 34831082 PMCID: PMC8616441 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
COPD is characterized by irreversible lung tissue damage. We hypothesized that lung-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (LMSCs) reduce alveolar epithelial damage via paracrine processes, and may thus be suitable for cell-based strategies in COPD. We aimed to assess whether COPD-derived LMSCs display abnormalities. LMSCs were isolated from lung tissue of severe COPD patients and non-COPD controls. Effects of LMSC conditioned-medium (CM) on H2O2-induced, electric field- and scratch-injury were studied in A549 and NCI-H441 epithelial cells. In organoid models, LMSCs were co-cultured with NCI-H441 or primary lung cells. Organoid number, size and expression of alveolar type II markers were assessed. Pre-treatment with LMSC-CM significantly attenuated oxidative stress-induced necrosis and accelerated wound repair in A549. Co-culture with LMSCs supported organoid formation in NCI-H441 and primary epithelial cells, resulting in significantly larger organoids with lower type II-marker positivity in the presence of COPD-derived versus control LMSCs. Similar abnormalities developed in organoids from COPD compared to control-derived lung cells, with significantly larger organoids. Collectively, this indicates that LMSCs' secretome attenuates alveolar epithelial injury and supports epithelial repair. Additionally, LMSCs promote generation of alveolar organoids, with abnormalities in the supportive effects of COPD-derived LMCS, reflective of impaired regenerative responses of COPD distal lung cells.
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4
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Crippa S, Santi L, Berti M, De Ponti G, Bernardo ME. Role of ex vivo Expanded Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Determining Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Outcome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:663316. [PMID: 34017834 PMCID: PMC8129582 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.663316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Overall, the human organism requires the production of ∼1 trillion new blood cells per day. Such goal is achieved via hematopoiesis occurring within the bone marrow (BM) under the tight regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) homeostasis made by the BM microenvironment. The BM niche is defined by the close interactions of HSPCs and non-hematopoietic cells of different origin, which control the maintenance of HSPCs and orchestrate hematopoiesis in response to the body’s requirements. The activity of the BM niche is regulated by specific signaling pathways in physiological conditions and in case of stress, including the one induced by the HSPC transplantation (HSCT) procedures. HSCT is the curative option for several hematological and non-hematological diseases, despite being associated with early and late complications, mainly due to a low level of HSPC engraftment, impaired hematopoietic recovery, immune-mediated graft rejection, and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in case of allogenic transplant. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are key elements of the BM niche, regulating HSPC homeostasis by direct contact and secreting several paracrine factors. In this review, we will explore the several mechanisms through which MSCs impact on the supportive activity of the BM niche and regulate HSPC homeostasis. We will further discuss how the growing understanding of such mechanisms have impacted, under a clinical point of view, on the transplantation field. In more recent years, these results have instructed the design of clinical trials to ameliorate the outcome of HSCT, especially in the allogenic setting, and when low doses of HSPCs were available for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Crippa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Santi
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Berti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada De Ponti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Ester Bernardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Faculty of Medicine, Milan, Italy
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5
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Hepatocyte growth factor ameliorates methylglyoxal-induced peritoneal inflammation and fibrosis in mouse model. Clin Exp Nephrol 2021; 25:935-943. [PMID: 33909175 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-021-02067-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is essential for patients with end-stage renal disease. Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is a complex inflammatory, fibrogenic process. No effective treatments are available to prevent these processes. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. The aim of this study was to analyze whether HGF suppresses MGO-induced peritoneal inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model. METHODS PF was induced by intraperitoneal (IP) injections of MGO for 14 days. C57/BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: Sham group (only vehicle); Sham + MGO group (PF induced by MGO); and HGF + MGO group (PF mice treated with recombinant human-HGF). PF was assessed from tissue samples by Masson's trichrome staining. Inflammation and fibrosis-associated factors were assessed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS MGO-injected mice showed significant thickening of the submesothelial compact zone with PF. Treatment with HGF significantly reduced PM thickness and suppressed the expression of collagen I and III and α-SMA. Expression of profibrotic and proinflammatory cytokines (TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β) was reduced by HGF treatment. The number of macrophages, and M1 and M2 macrophage-related markers, such as CD86, CD206, and CD163, was reduced in HGF + MGO mice. CONCLUSION HGF attenuates MGO-induced PF in mice. Furthermore, HGF treatment reduces myofibroblast and macrophage infiltration, and attenuates the upregulated expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic genes in peritoneal tissues. HGF might be an effective approach to prevent the development of PF in patients undergoing PD.
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Kruk DMLW, Wisman M, Bruin HGD, Lodewijk ME, Hof DJ, Borghuis T, Daamen WF, van Kuppevelt TH, Timens W, Burgess JK, Ten Hacken NHT, Heijink IH. Abnormalities in reparative function of lung-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in emphysema. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L832-L844. [PMID: 33656381 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00147.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may provide crucial support in the regeneration of destructed alveolar tissue (emphysema) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that lung-derived MSCs (LMSCs) from patients with emphysema are hampered in their repair capacity, either intrinsically or due to their interaction with the damaged microenvironment. LMSCs were isolated from the lung tissue of controls and patients with severe emphysema and characterized at baseline. In addition, LMSCs were seeded onto control and emphysematous decellularized lung tissue scaffolds and assessed for deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). We observed no differences in surface markers, differentiation/proliferation potential, and expression of ECM genes between control- and COPD-derived LMSCs. Notably, COPD-derived LMSCs displayed lower expression of FGF10 and HGF messenger RNA (mRNA) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and decorin protein. When seeded on control decellularized lung tissue scaffolds, control- and COPD-derived LMSCs showed no differences in engraftment, proliferation, or survival within 2 wk, with similar ability to deposit new matrix on the scaffolds. Moreover, LMSC numbers and the ability to deposit new matrix were not compromised on emphysematous scaffolds. Collectively, our data show that LMSCs from patients with COPD compared with controls show less expression of FGF10 mRNA, HGF mRNA and protein, and decorin protein, whereas other features including the mRNA expression of various ECM molecules are unaffected. Furthermore, COPD-derived LMSCs are capable of engraftment, proliferation, and functioning on native lung tissue scaffolds. The damaged, emphysematous microenvironment as such does not hamper the potential of LMSCs. Thus, specific intrinsic deficiencies in growth factor production by diseased LMSCs may contribute to impaired alveolar repair in emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M L W Kruk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marissa Wisman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harold G de Bruin
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique E Lodewijk
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Danique J Hof
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Borghuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willeke F Daamen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Toin H van Kuppevelt
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nick H T Ten Hacken
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene H Heijink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Groningen, The Netherlands
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7
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Tat V, Ayaub EA, Ayoub A, Vierhout M, Naiel S, Padwal MK, Abed S, Mekhael O, Tandon K, Revill SD, Yousof T, Bellaye PS, Kolb PS, Dvorkin-Gheva A, Naqvi A, Cutz JC, Hambly N, Kato J, Vaughan M, Moss J, Kolb MRJ, Ask K. FK506-Binding Protein 13 Expression Is Upregulated in Interstitial Lung Disease and Correlated with Clinical Severity. A Potentially Protective Role. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:235-246. [PMID: 33253593 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0121oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease characterized by myofibroblast accumulation and excessive extracellular matrix deposition. We sought to investigate the role of FKBP13 (13-kD FK506-binding protein), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident molecular chaperone, in various forms of pulmonary fibrosis. We first characterized the gene and protein expression of FKBP13 in lung biopsy specimens from 24 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 17 control subjects. FKBP13 expression was found to be elevated in the fibrotic regions of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lung tissues and correlated with declining forced vital capacity and dyspnea severity. FKBP13 expression was also increased in lung biopsy specimens of patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and sarcoidosis-associated interstitial lung disease. We next evaluated the role of this protein using FKBP13-/- mice in a bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis. Animals were assessed for lung function and histopathology at different stages of lung injury including the inflammatory (Day 7), fibrotic (Day 21), and resolution (Day 50) phases. FKBP13-/- mice showed increased infiltration of inflammatory cells and cytokines at Day 7, increased lung elastance and fibrosis at Day 21, and impaired resolution of fibrosis at Day 50. These changes were associated with an increased number of cells that stained positive for TUNEL and cleaved caspase 3 in the FKBP13-/- lungs, indicating a heightened cellular sensitivity to bleomycin. Our findings suggest that FKBP13 is a potential biomarker for severity of interstitial lung diseases and that it has a biologically relevant role in protecting mice against bleomycin-induced injury, inflammation, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Tat
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Ehab A Ayaub
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Anmar Ayoub
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Megan Vierhout
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Safaa Naiel
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Manreet K Padwal
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Soumeya Abed
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Olivia Mekhael
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Karun Tandon
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Spencer D Revill
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Tamana Yousof
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and
| | - Pierre-Simon Bellaye
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Philipp S Kolb
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Anna Dvorkin-Gheva
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Asghar Naqvi
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Jean-Claude Cutz
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Nathan Hambly
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Jiro Kato
- Pulmonary Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martha Vaughan
- Pulmonary Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joel Moss
- Pulmonary Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martin R J Kolb
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Kjetil Ask
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, and.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
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8
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He W, Qin D, Li B, Zhang H, Cheng X, Sun J, Hua J, Peng S. Immortalized canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice and dogs. Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:39-50. [PMID: 33582313 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have been used to treat acute kidney injury (AKI). The role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in AKI treatment with canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cADSCs) remains unknown. This study intended to investigate the therapeutic effects of cADSCs cultured in different media on AKI in mice and dogs and reveal the role of ER stress in this process. The mice were divided into two branches: a control group and a gentamicin induced group (this group treated with low-serum ADSC or high-serum ADSC or 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA)). The dogs were divided into control, model, and cell-injected groups. To suppress ER stress, mice were simultaneously treated with 4-PBA. The results showed there were improvements in renal function and tissue damage and a corresponding decrease in ER stress in the kidneys of the mice that received cell injection. However, the cells cultured with 2% FBS showed a better growth state and resulted in lower ER stress levels in treated kidneys. In the 4-PBA-treated group, ER stress was suppressed, and there was corresponding kidney injury recovery. Similarly, both kidney damage and ER stress were alleviated after AKI dogs were injected with the cells. Our findings reveal that both allogeneic and xenogeneic cADSCs were effective treatments for AKI by inhibiting ER stress. These results also provide evidence for a new clinical therapy for acute renal disease in pets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlai He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Dezhe Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Balun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xuedi Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Sha Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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9
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Im GB, Kim SW, Bhang SH. Fortifying the angiogenic efficacy of adipose derived stem cell spheroids using spheroid compaction. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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10
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Wong HL, Poon SHL, Bu Y, Lo ACY, Jhanji V, Chan YK, Shih KC. A Systematic Review on Cornea Epithelial-Stromal Homeostasis. Ophthalmic Res 2020; 64:178-191. [PMID: 32474566 DOI: 10.1159/000509030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This review aims to summarise the role of different cells, genes, proteins and lipid in regulating cornea epithelial-stromal homeostasis. METHODS We performed an Entrez PubMed literature search using keywords "human," "cornea," "epithelial," "stromal," "homeostasis," "fibrosis response," and "pathogenesis" on 24th of September 2019, resulting in 35 papers, of which 18 were chosen after filtering for "English language" and "published within 10 years" as well as curation for relevance by the authors. RESULTS The 18 selected papers showed that corneal epithelial cells, fibroblasts and telocytes, together with genes such as Klf4, Pax6 and Id found in the cells, play important roles in achieving homeostasis to maintain corneal integrity and transparency. Proteins classified as pro-fibrotic ligands and anti-fibrotic ligands are responsible for regulating cornea stromal fibrosis and extracellular matrix deposition, thus regulators of scar formation during wound healing. Anti-inflammatory ligands and wound repairing ligands are critical in eliciting protective inflammation and promoting epithelial healing, respectively. Protein receptors located on cellular membrane play a role in maintaining intercellular connections as well as corneal hydration. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION These studies prompt development of novel therapeutic strategies such as tear drops or ointments that target certain proteins to maintain corneal homeostasis. However, more in vitro and in vivo studies are required to prove the effectiveness of exogenous administration of molecules in improving healing outcome. Hence, future investigations of the molecular pathways highlighted in this review will reveal novel therapeutic tools such as gene or cell therapy to treat corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Lam Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephanie Hiu Ling Poon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yashan Bu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy Cheuk Yin Lo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yau Kei Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kendrick Co Shih
- Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,
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11
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Selman M, Pardo A. The leading role of epithelial cells in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Cell Signal 2020; 66:109482. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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TMX2 Is a Crucial Regulator of Cellular Redox State, and Its Dysfunction Causes Severe Brain Developmental Abnormalities. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:1126-1147. [PMID: 31735293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The redox state of the neural progenitors regulates physiological processes such as neuronal differentiation and dendritic and axonal growth. The relevance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated oxidoreductases in these processes is largely unexplored. We describe a severe neurological disorder caused by bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in thioredoxin (TRX)-related transmembrane-2 (TMX2); these variants were detected by exome sequencing in 14 affected individuals from ten unrelated families presenting with congenital microcephaly, cortical polymicrogyria, and other migration disorders. TMX2 encodes one of the five TMX proteins of the protein disulfide isomerase family, hitherto not linked to human developmental brain disease. Our mechanistic studies on protein function show that TMX2 localizes to the ER mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), is involved in posttranslational modification and protein folding, and undergoes physical interaction with the MAM-associated and ER folding chaperone calnexin and ER calcium pump SERCA2. These interactions are functionally relevant because TMX2-deficient fibroblasts show decreased mitochondrial respiratory reserve capacity and compensatory increased glycolytic activity. Intriguingly, under basal conditions TMX2 occurs in both reduced and oxidized monomeric form, while it forms a stable dimer under treatment with hydrogen peroxide, recently recognized as a signaling molecule in neural morphogenesis and axonal pathfinding. Exogenous expression of the pathogenic TMX2 variants or of variants with an in vitro mutagenized TRX domain induces a constitutive TMX2 polymerization, mimicking an increased oxidative state. Altogether these data uncover TMX2 as a sensor in the MAM-regulated redox signaling pathway and identify it as a key adaptive regulator of neuronal proliferation, migration, and organization in the developing brain.
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13
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Lee EJ, Cárdenes N, Álvarez D, Sellarés J, Sembrat J, Aranda P, Peng Y, Bullock J, Nouraie SM, Mora AL, Rojas M. Mesenchymal stem cells reduce ER stress via PERK-Nrf2 pathway in an aged mouse model. Respirology 2019; 25:417-426. [PMID: 31364255 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been shown to ameliorate the deleterious effects of bleomycin in murine models. However, the mechanism responsible for protection from pulmonary fibrosis by stem cell therapy is still poorly understood, especially in terms of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We hypothesized that during bleomycin-induced lung injury, markers of ER stress, specifically the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), increase during injury, resembling the kinetics of collagen deposition in the lung described for the bleomycin model. We aimed to elucidate the possible role of MSC in ER stress modulation. METHODS To determine the kinetics of ER stress in aged mice, the expression of ER stress markers after bleomycin lung injury was measured in old mice at different time points (days 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21). To evaluate the consequences of systemic delivery of MSC on lung ER stress in the bleomycin model, we evaluated changes in body weight, lung histology and protein expression of ER stress markers. RESULTS The level of expression of UPR transcription factor XBP-1 and its regulator BiP was elevated at day 7 and progressively increased up to day 21. MSC inhibited BiP expression in bleomycin-induced ER stress, attenuating ER stress via the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)-Nrf2 pathway. The expression levels of other ER stress markers were not perturbed by MSC. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that MSC operate on ER stress via several pathways, but the PERK-Nrf2 pathway revealed to be the main functioning pathway in our bleomycin model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Lee
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayra Cárdenes
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Diana Álvarez
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jacobo Sellarés
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Interstitial Lung Disease Program, Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Sembrat
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paola Aranda
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yating Peng
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jordan Bullock
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Seyed M Nouraie
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ana L Mora
- Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Vascular Medicine Institute University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Division of Respiratory, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Vascular Medicine Institute University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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14
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Peng X, Li X, Li C, Yue S, Huang Y, Huang P, Cheng H, Zhou Y, Tang Y, Liu W, Feng D, Luo Z. NMDA receptor activation inhibits the protective effect of BM‑MSCs on bleomycin‑induced lung epithelial cell damage by inhibiting ERK signaling and the paracrine factor HGF. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:227-239. [PMID: 31115492 PMCID: PMC6559344 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) is associated with the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM‑MSCs) can exert protective effects on ER‑stressed AECs via paracrine signaling. In the present study, mouse lung epithelial (MLE)‑12 cells were directly stimulated with various concentrations of bleomycin (BLM). MLE‑12 cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and Ki67 expression was detected by immunofluorescence to reflect cell proliferation. The results revealed that BLM increased the protein expression levels of X‑box binding protein 1 and immunoglobulin heavy chain‑binding protein, thus inducing ER stress, and caused cell dysfunction by inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. In addition, MSC‑derived conditioned medium (MSC‑CM) protected MLE‑12 cells from BLM‑induced injury, by reducing ER stress, promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Our previous studies reported that N‑methyl‑D‑aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation partially inhibits the antifibrotic effect of BM‑MSCs on BLM‑induced pulmonary fibrosis through downregulating the paracrine factor hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). In the present study, the synthesis and secretion of HGF were detected by western blotting and ELISA, respectively. Results further demonstrated that NMDA inhibited the synthesis and secretion of HGF in BM‑MSCs, and NMDA‑preconditioned MSC‑CM had no protective effects on BLM‑induced injury in MLE‑12 cells. In addition, activation of the NMDA receptor decreased the phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 in BM‑MSCs. Using Honokiol and FR180204, the activator and inhibitor of ERK1/2, respectively, it was then revealed that Honokiol partially eliminated the decrease in HGF expression, whereas FR180204 further promoted the reduction in HGF caused by NMDA. Collectively, these findings suggested that NMDA receptor activation may downregulate HGF by inhibiting ERK signaling in BM‑MSCs, thus weakening their protective effects on BLM‑induced lung epithelial cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangping Peng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Shaojie Yue
- Department of Neonatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Pu Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Cheng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Yiting Tang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Community Nursing, Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Feng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Ziqiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
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15
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Han P, Cui Q, Lu W, Yang S, Shi M, Li Z, Gao P, Xu B, Li Z. Hepatocyte growth factor plays a dual role in tendon-derived stem cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17382-17391. [PMID: 30807656 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification is common in tendon healing after trauma, but the detailed mechanisms remain unknown. Tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) are a type of progenitor cell found in the tendon niche, and their incorrect differentiation after trauma may lead to tendon calcification. The expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) presents drastic fluctuations in serum/tissue after trauma and was found to activate quiescent stellate cells and contribute to wound healing; however, its potential role in TDSCs remains elusive. In this study, TDSCs isolated from rats were cultured in media containing HGF with or without a signaling inhibitor, and the proliferation, migration, and differentiation ability of TDSCs were measured to determine the role and mechanism of HGF in TDSCs. We showed that HGF promotes TDSC proliferation and migration but inhibits TDSC osteogenic differentiation ability. HGF activated-HGF/c-Met, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling, which was positively correlated with TDSCs proliferation and migration but negatively related to TDSC osteogenic differentiation ability. The phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 was also negatively related to HGF/c-Met, MAPK/ERK1/2, and PI3K/AKT signaling, which demonstrated that the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation was dependent on BMP/Smad1/5/8 signaling. Overall, we showed that HGF could promote TDSCs proliferation and migration and inhibit osteogenic differentiation in vitro, suggesting a potential role for HGF as a cytokine treatment of tendon trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Han
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingbo Cui
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjun Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shulong Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Manyu Shi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaozhu Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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16
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Tamò L, Hibaoui Y, Kallol S, Alves MP, Albrecht C, Hostettler KE, Feki A, Rougier JS, Abriel H, Knudsen L, Gazdhar A, Geiser T. Generation of an alveolar epithelial type II cell line from induced pluripotent stem cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L921-L932. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00357.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of primary alveolar type II epithelial cells (AEC II) to AEC type I in culture is a major barrier in the study of the alveolar epithelium in vitro. The establishment of an AEC II cell line derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) represents a novel opportunity to study alveolar epithelial cell biology, for instance, in the context of lung injury, fibrosis, and repair. In the present study, we generated long-lasting AEC II from iPSC (LL-iPSC-AEC II). LL-iPSC-AEC II displayed morphological characteristics of AEC II, including growth in a cobblestone monolayer, the presence of lamellar bodies, and microvilli, as shown by electron microscopy. Also, LL-iPSC-AEC II expressed AEC type II proteins, such as cytokeratin, surfactant protein C, and LysoTracker DND 26 (a marker for lamellar bodies). Furthermore, the LL-iPSC-AEC II exhibited functional properties of AEC II by an increase of transepithelial electrical resistance over time, secretion of inflammatory mediators in biologically relevant quantities (IL-6 and IL-8), and efficient in vitro alveolar epithelial wound repair. Consistent with the AEC II phenotype, the cell line showed the ability to uptake and release surfactant protein B, to secrete phospholipids, and to differentiate into AEC type I. In summary, we established a long-lasting, but finite AEC type II cell line derived from iPSC as a novel cellular model to study alveolar epithelial cell biology in lung health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Tamò
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Youssef Hibaoui
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sampada Kallol
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marco P. Alves
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Albrecht
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research, National Centre of Competence in Research TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katrin E. Hostettler
- Clinics of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anis Feki
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cantonal Hospital Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Hugues Abriel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss National Center of Competence in Research, National Centre of Competence in Research TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Amiq Gazdhar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Geiser
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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17
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Culture of human alveolar epithelial type II cells by sprouting. Respir Res 2018; 19:204. [PMID: 30340591 PMCID: PMC6195695 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0906-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT2) play a pivotal role in maintaining the integrity and function of the alveoli. Only recently, the role of impaired epithelial repair mechanisms after injury in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has been demonstrated, and has shifted the AT2 cell in the focus of interest. Therefore, using primary human AT2 cells instead of cell lines for in vitro experiments has become desirable. Several groups have developed methods to isolate human AT2 cells applying tissue digestion and consecutive filtration in their protocols. Here we present a technique to isolate primary human AT2 cells by sprouting directly from peripheral human lung tissue. METHODS Epithelial cell cultures were established from lung tissue obtained from patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery or undergoing flexible bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy. Lung tissue was cut into small pieces and those were placed into cell culture flasks containing supplemented epithelial growth medium for cell sprouting. Cells were characterized by immunofluorescence stainings for E-cadherin, pan-cytokeratin, surfactant protein C (SP-C), and for lysotracker; fluorescent surfactant associated protein B (SP-B) uptake and secretion was assessed by live cell imaging; RNA levels of SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D were determined by real-time PCR; Electron microscopy was used to search for the presence of lamellar bodies. RESULTS Sprouting of cells started two to four days after the start of culture. Epithelial differentiation was confirmed by positive staining for E-cadherin and pan-cytokeratin. Further characterization demonstrated positivity for the AT2 cell marker SP-C and for lysotracker which selectively labels lamellar bodies in cultured AT2 cells. The up-take and release of SP-B, a mechanism described for AT2 cells only, was demonstrated by live cell imaging. Real-time RT-PCR showed mRNA expression of all four surfactant proteins with highest levels for SP-B. The presence of lamellar bodies was demonstrated by electron microscopy. CONCLUSIONS This study describes a novel method for isolating AT2 cells from human adult lung tissue by sprouting. The characterization of the cultured AT2 cells complies with current criteria for an alveolar type 2 cell phenotype. Compared to current protocols for the culture of AT2 cells, isolating the cells by sprouting is simple, avoids proteolytic tissue digestion, and has the advantage to be successful even from as few tissue as attained from a transbronchial forceps biopsy.
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18
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Li Q, Song WJ, Ryu MO, Nam A, An JH, Ahn JO, Bhang DH, Jung YC, Youn HY. TSG-6 secreted by human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates severe acute pancreatitis via ER stress downregulation in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:255. [PMID: 30257717 PMCID: PMC6158864 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Through recent studies, the onset of acute pancreatitis in pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) and the regulatory role of PACs in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) have been revealed. During the early stages of pancreatitis, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in PACs undergoes significant changes, including swelling and vacuolization. In response to an increase in the extracellular stress in ER, PACs lose their functions, leading to cell apoptosis and inflammation response. The beneficial effects of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAT-MSCs) on SAP have been well documented in previous studies. However, the underlying mechanism of their action remains controversial. Methods In this study, the therapeutic effects of intraperitoneally administered hAT-MSCs in a caerulein (50 μg/kg)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 mg/kg)-co-induced SAP mouse model were evaluated. Inflammatory response and ER stress were measured in pancreatic tissue samples, and the beneficial effects were evaluated through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, and immunofluorescence analysis. Results Inflammatory response and ER stress were ameliorated following hAT-MSC injection, and the beneficial effects were observed in the absence of significant engraftment of hAT-MSCs. hAT-MSCs transfected with siRNA-targeting tumour necrosis factor-α-induced gene/protein 6 (TSG-6) were unable to inhibit ER stress and inflammation. In addition, TSG-6 from hAT-MSCs significantly suppressed ER stress-induced apoptosis and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity in SAP model mice. Conclusions TSG-6 secreted by hAT-MSCs protects PACs in SAP model mice via the inhibition of ER stress, as well as inflammatory responses. This study has revealed a new area for ER stress-targeted therapy in SAP patients. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1009-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ok Ryu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Aryung Nam
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun An
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ok Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ha Bhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.,BK21Plus program for 21st Century Biomedical Science Leader Development, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Chan Jung
- Chaon, A-301-3, 240, Pangyoyeok-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Strub M, Keller L, Idoux-Gillet Y, Lesot H, Clauss F, Benkirane-Jessel N, Kuchler-Bopp S. Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Promote Innervation of Bioengineered Teeth. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1152-1159. [PMID: 29879365 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518779077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMDCs) into a denervated side of the spinal cord was reported to be a useful option for axonal regeneration. The innervation of teeth is essential for their function and protection but does not occur spontaneously after injury. Cultured reassociations between dissociated embryonic dental mesenchymal and epithelial cells and implantation lead to a vascularized tooth organ regeneration. However, when reassociations were coimplanted with a trigeminal ganglion (TG), innervation did not occur. On the other hand, reassociations between mixed embryonic dental mesenchymal cells and bone marrow-derived cells isolated from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice (BMDCs-GFP) (50/50) with an intact and competent dental epithelium (ED14) were innervated. In the present study, we verified the stemness of isolated BMDCs, confirmed their potential role in the innervation of bioengineered teeth, and analyzed the mechanisms by which this innervation can occur. For that purpose, reassociations between mixed embryonic dental mesenchymal cells and BMDCs-GFP with an intact and competent dental epithelium were cultured and coimplanted subcutaneously with a TG for 2 wk in ICR mice. Axons entered the dental pulp and reached the odontoblast layer. BMDCs-GFP were detected at the base of the tooth, with some being present in the pulp associated with the axons. Thus, while having a very limited contribution in tooth formation, they promoted the innervation of the bioengineered teeth. Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunostainings, BMDCs were shown to promote innervation by 2 mechanisms: 1) via immunomodulation by reducing the number of T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD25+) in the implants and 2) by expressing neurotrophic factors such as NGF, BDNF, and NT3 for axonal growth. This strategy using autologous mesenchymal cells coming from bone marrow could be used to innervate bioengineered teeth without treatment with an immunosuppressor such as cyclosporine A (CsA), thus avoiding multiple side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Strub
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France.,3 Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Keller
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Y Idoux-Gillet
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - H Lesot
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - F Clauss
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France.,3 Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Strasbourg, France
| | - N Benkirane-Jessel
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Kuchler-Bopp
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France
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Li X, Li C, Tang Y, Huang Y, Cheng Q, Huang X, Zhao F, Hao C, Feng D, Xu J, Han J, Tang S, Liu W, Yue S, Luo Z. NMDA receptor activation inhibits the antifibrotic effect of BM-MSCs on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L404-L421. [PMID: 29722562 PMCID: PMC6172623 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00002.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous glutamate (Glu) release and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) activation are associated with lung injury in different animal models. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), which show potential use for immunomodulation and tissue protection, play a protective role in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) process. Here, we found the increased Glu release from the BM cells of bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF mice in vivo. BLM stimulation also increased the extracellular Glu in BM-MSCs via the antiporter system xc− in vitro. The gene expression of each subunit of NMDAR was detected in BM-MSCs. NMDAR activation inhibited the proliferation, migration, and paracrine function of BM-MSCs in vitro. BM-MSCs were derived from male C57BL/6 mice, transfected with lentiviral vectors carrying the enhanced green fluorescence protein gene, pretreated with NMDA, and transplanted into the female recipient mice that were intratracheally injected with BLM to induce PF. Transplantation of NMDA-pretreated BM-MSCs significantly aggravated PF as compared with that in the normal BM-MSCs transplantation group. The sex determination gene Y chromosome and green fluorescence protein genes of BM-MSCs were detected to observe BM-MSCs homing in the fibrotic lungs. Moreover, NMDAR activation inhibited BM-MSC migration by downregulating the stromal cell-derived factor-1/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 signaling axis. NMDAR activation aggravated the transforming growth factor-β1-induced extracellular matrix production in alveolar epithelial cells and fibroblasts through the paracrine effects of BM-MSCs. In summary, these findings suggested that NMDAR activation-mediated Glu excitotoxicity induced by BLM in BM-MSCs abolished the therapeutic effects of normal BM-MSCs transplantation on BLM-induced PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Li
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi , China
| | - Yiting Tang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Yanhong Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Qingmei Cheng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Feiyan Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Caixia Hao
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Dandan Feng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Jianzhong Han
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Siyuan Tang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Wei Liu
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Shaojie Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
| | - Ziqiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan , China
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TRAIL-Dependent Resolution of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:7934362. [PMID: 29670467 PMCID: PMC5833466 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7934362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common form of interstitial lung disease characterized by the persistence of activated myofibroblasts resulting in excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins and profound tissue remodeling. In the present study, the expression of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was key to the resolution of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Both in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that Gr-1+TRAIL+ bone marrow-derived myeloid cells blocked the activation of lung myofibroblasts. Although soluble TRAIL was increased in plasma from IPF patients, the presence of TRAIL+ myeloid cells was markedly reduced in IPF lung biopsies, and primary lung fibroblasts from this patient group expressed little of the TRAIL receptor-2 (DR5) when compared with appropriate normal samples. IL-13 was a potent inhibitor of DR5 expression in normal fibroblasts. Together, these results identified TRAIL+ myeloid cells as a critical mechanism in the resolution of pulmonary fibrosis, and strategies directed at promoting its function might have therapeutic potential in IPF.
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Wang Z, Fei S, Suo C, Han Z, Tao J, Xu Z, Zhao C, Tan R, Gu M. Antifibrotic Effects of Hepatocyte Growth Factor on Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via Transforming Growth Factor-Beta1 (TGF-β1)/Smad and Akt/mTOR/P70S6K Signaling Pathways. Ann Transplant 2018; 23:1-10. [PMID: 29292365 PMCID: PMC6248046 DOI: 10.12659/aot.906700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The related mechanisms involved in allograft interstitial fibrosis and chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD), following renal transplant, remain largely unknown. Here, we explored the role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) treatment on the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) as a new way to target and prevent kidney fibrosis and improve outcomes for renal transplant recipients. Method/Material We extracted proteins and mRNAs from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) treated with transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and/or varying doses of HGF, and assessed the effect of HGF on the EndMT using western blotting, qRT-PCR, and ELISA assays. We utilized cell motility and migration assays to evaluate cell movement, and applied western blotting to assess the mechanism by which TGF-β1 induced the EndMT. Results HGF significantly attenuated the development of TGF-β1-induced EndMT in a concentration-dependent way, and weakened the abilities of motility and migration of both HUVECs and HRGECs. Moreover, our results reveal that the antifibrotic effect of HGF on the EndMT was associated with the TGF-β/Smad and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathways. Conclusions Our study suggests that HGF treatment significantly attenuates the development of EndMT induced by TGF-β1 via the TGFβ/Smad and Akt/mTOR/P70S6K signaling, which provides novel insights into the prevention and treatment of interstitial fibrosis and CAD following renal transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Shuang Fei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Chuanjian Suo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhijian Han
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Chunchun Zhao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Ruoyun Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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Lim R, Ricardo SD, Sievert W. Cell-Based Therapies for Tissue Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:633. [PMID: 29033833 PMCID: PMC5626978 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of tissue fibrosis in the context of a wound-healing response to injury is common to many chronic diseases. Unregulated or persistent fibrogenesis may lead to structural and functional changes in organs that increase the risk of significant morbidity and mortality. We will explore the natural history, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of fibrotic disease affecting the lungs, kidneys, and liver as dysfunction of these organs is responsible for a substantial proportion of global mortality. For many patients with end-stage disease, organ transplantation is the only effective therapy to prolong life. However, not all patients are candidates for the major surgical interventions and life-long immunosuppression required for a successful outcome and donor organs may not be available to meet the clinical need. We will provide an overview of the latest treatment strategies for these conditions and will focus on stem or progenitor cell-based therapies for which there is substantial pre-clinical evidence based on animal models as well as early phase clinical trials of cell-based therapy in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Lim
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, ClaytonVIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, MelbourneVIC, Australia
| | - Sharon D Ricardo
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, MelbourneVIC, Australia
| | - William Sievert
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, MelbourneVIC, Australia.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Monash Health, MelbourneVIC, Australia
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