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Singh G, Kaur H, Sharma A, Singh J, Alajangi HK, Kumar S, Singla N, Kaur IP, Barnwal RP. Carbon Based Nanodots in Early Diagnosis of Cancer. Front Chem 2021; 9:669169. [PMID: 34109155 PMCID: PMC8181141 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.669169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of cancer at an early stage is one of the principal factors associated with successful treatment outcome. However, current diagnostic methods are not capable of making sensitive and robust cancer diagnosis. Nanotechnology based products exhibit unique physical, optical and electrical properties that can be useful in diagnosis. These nanotech-enabled diagnostic representatives have proved to be generally more capable and consistent; as they selectively accumulated in the tumor site due to their miniscule size. This article rotates around the conventional imaging techniques, the use of carbon based nanodots viz Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs), Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs), Nanodiamonds, Fullerene, and Carbon Nanotubes that have been synthesized in recent years, along with the discovery of a wide range of biomarkers to identify cancer at early stage. Early detection of cancer using nanoconstructs is anticipated to be a distinct reality in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpal Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harinder Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Joga Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neha Singla
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Pang Y, Luo K, Tang L, Li X, Yu J, Guo J, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Yue R, Li L. Carbon-based magnetic nanocomposite as catalyst for persulfate activation: a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:32764-32776. [PMID: 31512124 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The activation of persulfate to produce active radicals has been attracting wide attention in environmental remediation fields. Among various catalysts, non-metal carbocatalysts and carbon-based composites have shown attractive prospects given that they are environmental-friendly, highly efficient, abundant, and diverse. In this paper, the use of carbon-based magnetic nanocomposites as catalysts for persulfate activation was reviewed and discussed. The preparation methods of carbon-based magnetic nanocomposites were first briefly summarized. Subsequently, the use of activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, biochar, and nanodiamond-based magnetic composites to activate persulfate was discussed, respectively. A synergetic effect between carbon materials and magnetic nanoparticles facilitated the activation process because of the increased electron transfer capacity, good dispersity of magnetic nanoparticles, and good repeatability and separability. Both radical and non-radical pathways were detected in the activation processes, but the specific mechanisms were greatly influenced by the components of the catalyst and solution conditions. And fundamental studies were needed to clarify the inner mechanisms of the process. In the end, strategies for enhancing the catalytic performances of carbon-based magnetic nanocomposites were suggested. It is expected that this review will provide some inspirations for developing highly efficient and green catalyst, as well as sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation technology for the remediation water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Pang
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Luo
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangfang Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyuan Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Architecture, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Zhang
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Yue
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Lin BR, Kunuku S, Chen CH, Chen TY, Hsiao TY, Yu HK, Chang YJ, Liao LC, Niu H, Lee CP. Fluorescent Fe Embedded Magnetic Nanodiamonds Made by Ion Implantation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1297. [PMID: 30718680 PMCID: PMC6361968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate fluorescent Fe embedded magnetic nanodiamonds by ion implantation and two-step annealing. The diamond characteristics with a highly ordered core and a graphite surface layer are maintained after the implantation process. After the two-step annealing process, a bright red fluorescence associated with nitrogen-vacancy centers is observed. These new fluorescent magnetic nanodiamonds can be used as a dual-function in vivo tracer with both optical visibility and magnetic resonance imaging capabilities. They are potentially useful for the more advanced in vivo biological and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Rong Lin
- Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasu Kunuku
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsu Chen
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yuang Chen
- Health Physics Division, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yuan Hsiao
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Kai Yu
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chuan Liao
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Huan Niu
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ping Lee
- Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Lin BR, Chen CH, Kunuku S, Chen TY, Hsiao TY, Niu H, Lee CP. Fe Doped Magnetic Nanodiamonds Made by Ion Implantation as Contrast Agent for MRI. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7058. [PMID: 29728582 PMCID: PMC5935723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We report in this paper a new MRI contrast agent based on magnetic nanodiamonds fabricated by Fe ion implantation. The Fe atoms that are implanted into the nanodiamonds are not in direct contact with the outside world, enabling this new contrast agent to be free from cell toxicity. The image enhancement was shown clearly through T2 weighted images. The concentration dependence of the T2 relaxation time gives a relaxivity value that is about seven times that of the regular non-magnetic nanodiamonds. Cell viability study has also been performed. It was shown that they were nearly free from cytotoxicity independent of the particle concentration used. The imaging capability demonstrated here adds a new dimension to the medical application of nanodiamonds. In the future one will be able to combine this capability of magnetic nanodiamonds with other functions through surface modifications to perform drug delivery, targeted therapy, localized thermal treatment and diagnostic imaging at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Rong Lin
- Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsu Chen
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Srinivasu Kunuku
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yuang Chen
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yuan Hsiao
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Huan Niu
- Accelerator Laboratory, Nuclear Science and Technology Development Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ping Lee
- Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
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