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Jamali M, Grannan B, Cai J, Khanna AR, Muñoz W, Caprara I, Paulk AC, Cash SS, Fedorenko E, Williams ZM. Semantic encoding during language comprehension at single-cell resolution. Nature 2024; 631:610-616. [PMID: 38961302 PMCID: PMC11254762 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07643-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
From sequences of speech sounds1,2 or letters3, humans can extract rich and nuanced meaning through language. This capacity is essential for human communication. Yet, despite a growing understanding of the brain areas that support linguistic and semantic processing4-12, the derivation of linguistic meaning in neural tissue at the cellular level and over the timescale of action potentials remains largely unknown. Here we recorded from single cells in the left language-dominant prefrontal cortex as participants listened to semantically diverse sentences and naturalistic stories. By tracking their activities during natural speech processing, we discover a fine-scale cortical representation of semantic information by individual neurons. These neurons responded selectively to specific word meanings and reliably distinguished words from nonwords. Moreover, rather than responding to the words as fixed memory representations, their activities were highly dynamic, reflecting the words' meanings based on their specific sentence contexts and independent of their phonetic form. Collectively, we show how these cell ensembles accurately predicted the broad semantic categories of the words as they were heard in real time during speech and how they tracked the sentences in which they appeared. We also show how they encoded the hierarchical structure of these meaning representations and how these representations mapped onto the cell population. Together, these findings reveal a finely detailed cortical organization of semantic representations at the neuron scale in humans and begin to illuminate the cellular-level processing of meaning during language comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Jamali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin Grannan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arjun R Khanna
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William Muñoz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irene Caprara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angelique C Paulk
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sydney S Cash
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evelina Fedorenko
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ziv M Williams
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Program in Neuroscience, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Fan JP, Zhang X, Han Y, Ji Y, Gu WX, Wu HC, Zhou C, Xiao C. Subthalamic neurons interact with nigral dopaminergic neurons to regulate movement in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13917. [PMID: 36598331 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to address the role of the interaction between subthalamic (STN) neurons and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopaminergic (DA) neurons in movement control. METHODS Fiber photometry and optogenetic/chemogenetic techniques were utilized to monitor and manipulate neuronal activity, respectively. Locomotion in mice was recorded in an open field arena and on a head-fixed apparatus. A hemiparkinsonian mouse model was established by unilateral injection of 6-OHDA in the medial forebrain bundle. Whole-cell patch-clamp techniques were applied to record electrophysiological signals in STN neurons and SNc DA neurons. c-Fos-immunostaining was used to label activated neurons. A rabies virus-based retrograde tracing system was used to visualize STN neurons projecting to SNc DA neurons. RESULTS The activity of STN neurons was enhanced upon locomotion in an open field arena and on a head-fixed apparatus, and the enhancement was significantly attenuated in parkinsonian mice. Optogenetic stimulation of STN neurons enhanced locomotion, increased activity of SNc DA neurons, meanwhile, reduced latency to movement initiation. Combining optogenetics with patch-clamp recordings, we confirmed that STN neurons innervated SNc DA neurons through glutamatergic monosynaptic connections. Moreover, STN neurons projecting to SNc DA neurons were evenly distributed in the STN. Either 6-OHDA-lesion or chemogenetic inhibition of SNc DA neurons attenuated the enhancement of locomotion by STN stimulation. CONCLUSION SNc DA neurons not only affect the response of STN neurons to movement, but also contribute to the enhancement of movement by STN stimulation. This study demonstrates the role of STN-SNc interaction in movement control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Peng Fan
- School of basic medical sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu Han
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Ji
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Xin Gu
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, affiliated to Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Chuan Wu
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Drum Tower Hospital, affiliated to Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyi Zhou
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory in Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory in Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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3
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Johari K, Kelley RM, Tjaden K, Patterson CG, Rohl AH, Berger JI, Corcos DM, Greenlee JDW. Human subthalamic nucleus neurons differentially encode speech and limb movement. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:962909. [PMID: 36875233 PMCID: PMC9983637 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.962909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN), which consistently improves limb motor functions, shows mixed effects on speech functions in Parkinson's disease (PD). One possible explanation for this discrepancy is that STN neurons may differentially encode speech and limb movement. However, this hypothesis has not yet been tested. We examined how STN is modulated by limb movement and speech by recording 69 single- and multi-unit neuronal clusters in 12 intraoperative PD patients. Our findings indicated: (1) diverse patterns of modulation in neuronal firing rates in STN for speech and limb movement; (2) a higher number of STN neurons were modulated by speech vs. limb movement; (3) an overall increase in neuronal firing rates for speech vs. limb movement; and (4) participants with longer disease duration had higher firing rates. These data provide new insights into the role of STN neurons in speech and limb movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Johari
- Human Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Lab, Department of Communication Science and Disorders, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ryan M Kelley
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Program in Neuroscience, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Kris Tjaden
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Charity G Patterson
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Andrea H Rohl
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Joel I Berger
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Daniel M Corcos
- Department of Physical Therapy & Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeremy D W Greenlee
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Program in Neuroscience, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Iowa City, IA, United States
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4
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London D, Fazl A, Katlowitz K, Soula M, Pourfar MH, Mogilner AY, Kiani R. Distinct population code for movement kinematics and changes of ongoing movements in human subthalamic nucleus. eLife 2021; 10:64893. [PMID: 34519273 PMCID: PMC8500714 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is theorized to globally suppress movement through connections with downstream basal ganglia structures. Current theories are supported by increased STN activity when subjects withhold an uninitiated action plan, but a critical test of these theories requires studying STN responses when an ongoing action is replaced with an alternative. We perform this test in subjects with Parkinson’s disease using an extended reaching task where the movement trajectory changes mid-action. We show that STN activity decreases during action switches, contrary to prevalent theories. Furthermore, beta oscillations in the STN local field potential, which are associated with movement inhibition, do not show increased power or spiking entrainment during switches. We report an inhomogeneous population neural code in STN, with one sub-population encoding movement kinematics and direction and another encoding unexpected action switches. We suggest an elaborate neural code in STN that contributes to planning actions and changing the plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis London
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuromodulation, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Arash Fazl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuromodulation, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Kalman Katlowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuromodulation, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States.,Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Marisol Soula
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuromodulation, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States.,Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Michael H Pourfar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuromodulation, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Alon Y Mogilner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuromodulation, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Roozbeh Kiani
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, United States.,Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States.,Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, United States
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5
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van den Munckhof P, Bot M, Schuurman PR. Targeting of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Patients with Parkinson's Disease Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery. Neurol Ther 2021; 10:61-73. [PMID: 33565018 PMCID: PMC8140007 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-021-00233-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise stereotactic targeting of the dorsolateral motor part of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is paramount for maximizing clinical effectiveness and preventing side effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. With recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, direct targeting of the dorsolateral part of the STN is now feasible, together with visualization of the motor fibers in the nearby internal capsule. However, clinically relevant discrepancies were reported when comparing STN borders on MRI to electrophysiological STN borders during microelectrode recordings (MER). Also, one should take into account the possibility of a 3D inaccuracy of up to 2 mm of the applied stereotactic technique. Pneumocephalus and image fusion errors may further increase implantation inaccuracy. Even when implantation has been successful, suboptimal lead anchoring on the skull may cause lead migration during follow-up. Meticulous pre- and intraoperative imaging is therefore indispensable, and so is postoperative imaging when the effects of DBS deteriorate during follow-up. Thus far, most DBS centers employ MRI targeting, multichannel MER, and awake test stimulation in STN surgery, but randomized trials comparing surgery under local versus general anesthesia and additional studies comparing MER-STN borders to high-field MRI-STN may change this clinical practice. Further developments in imaging protocols and improvements in image fusion processes are needed to optimize placement of DBS leads in the dorsolateral motor part of the STN in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pepijn van den Munckhof
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maarten Bot
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Richard Schuurman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Bolier E, Bot M, van den Munckhof P, Pal G, Sani S, Stebbins GT, Verhagen Metman L. Kinesthetic Cells within the Subthalamic Nucleus and Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease. World Neurosurg 2020; 139:e784-e791. [PMID: 32371080 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.04.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the location of kinesthetic cell clusters within the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on magnetic resonance imaging, adjusted for interindividual anatomic variability by employing the medial STN border as a reference point. METHODS We retrospectively localized microelectrode recording-defined kinesthetic cells on 3-Tesla T2-weighted and susceptibility-weighted images in patients who underwent STN deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease and averaged the stereotactic coordinates. These locations were calculated relative to the nonindividualized midcommissural point (MCP) and, in order to account for interindividual anatomic variability, also calculated relative to the patient-specific intersection of Bejjani line with the medial STN border. Two example patients were selected in order to visualize the discrepancies between the adjusted and nonadjusted theoretic kinesthetic cell clusters on magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Relative to the MCP, average kinesthetic cell coordinates were 12.3 ± 1.2 mm lateral, 1.7 ± 1.4 mm posterior, and 2.3 ± 1.5 mm inferior. Relative to the medial STN border, mean coordinates were 3.4 ± 1.0 mm lateral, 1.0 ± 1.4 mm anterior, and 1.7 ± 1.5 mm superior on T2-sequences, and on susceptibility-weighted images mean coordinates were 3.2 ± 1.1 mm lateral, 0.8 ± 1.5 mm anterior, and 2.1 ± 1.5 mm superior. The theoretic kinesthetic cell clusters may appear outside the sensorimotor STN when using the MCP, whereas these clusters fall well within the sensorimotor STN when employing the medial STN border as a reference point. CONCLUSIONS By using the medial STN border as a patient-specific anatomic reference point in STN deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease, we accounted for interindividual anatomic variability and provided accurate insight in the clustering of kinesthetic cells within the dorsolateral STN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Bolier
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maarten Bot
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pepijn van den Munckhof
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gian Pal
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sepehr Sani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Glenn T Stebbins
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Leo Verhagen Metman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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7
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Tankus A, Fried I. Degradation of Neuronal Encoding of Speech in the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson's Disease. Neurosurgery 2019; 84:378-387. [PMID: 29566177 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most of the patients with Parkinson's disease suffer from speech disorders characterized mainly by dysarthria and hypophonia. OBJECTIVE To understand the deterioration of speech in the course of Parkinson's disease. METHODS We intraoperatively recorded single neuron activity in the subthalamic nucleus of 18 neurosurgical patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing implantation of deep brain stimulator while patients articulated 5 vowel sounds. RESULTS Here, we report that single subthalamic neurons encode individual vowel phonemes and employ 1 of 2 encoding schemes: broad or sharp tuning. Broadly tuned units respond to all examined phonemes, each with a different firing rate, whereas sharply tuned ones are specific to 1 to 2 phonemes. We then show that in comparison with patients without speech deficits, the spiking activity in patients with speech disorders was lower during speech production, overt or imagined, but not during perception. However, patients with speech disorders employed a larger percentage of the neurons for the aforementioned tasks. Whereas the lower firing rates affect mainly sharply tuned units, the extra units used a broad tuning encoding scheme. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest mechanisms of neuronal degradation due to Parkinsonian speech disorders and their possible compensation. As impairment in sharply tuned units may be compensated by broadly tuned ones, the proposed compensation model appears to be suboptimal, lending support to the persistence of speech disorders in the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Tankus
- Functional Neurosurgery Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Itzhak Fried
- Functional Neurosurgery Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California
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8
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Tankus A, Mirelman A, Giladi N, Fried I, Hausdorff JM. Pace of movement: the role of single neurons in the subthalamic nucleus. J Neurosurg 2019; 130:1835-1840. [PMID: 29932375 DOI: 10.3171/2018.1.jns171859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ability to modulate the pace of movement is a critical factor in the smooth operation of the motor system. The authors recently described distinct and overlapping representations of movement kinematics in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), but it is still unclear how movement pace is modulated according to the demands of the task at the neuronal level in this area. The goal of this study was to clarify how different movement paces are being controlled by neurons in the STN. METHODS The authors performed direct recording of the electrical activity of single neurons in the STN of neurosurgical patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing implantation of a deep brain stimulator under local anesthesia while the patients performed repetitive foot and hand movements intraoperatively at multiple paces. RESULTS A change was observed in the neuronal population controlling the movement for each pace. The mechanism for switching between these controlling populations differs for hand and foot movements. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that disparate schemes are utilized in the STN for neuronal recruitment for motor control of the upper and lower extremities. The results indicate a distributed model of motor control within the STN, where the active neuronal population changes when modifying the task condition and pace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Tankus
- 1Functional Neurosurgery Unit
- 2Center for Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility
- 3Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and
- 4Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Mirelman
- 2Center for Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility
- 3Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and
- 4Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Giladi
- 3Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and
- 4Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- 5Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
| | - Itzhak Fried
- 1Functional Neurosurgery Unit
- 3Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and
- 6Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jeffrey M Hausdorff
- 2Center for Study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility
- 4Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- 7Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and
- 8Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center and
- 9Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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9
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Tinkhauser G, Shah SA, Fischer P, Peterman K, Debove I, Nygyuen K, Nowacki A, Torrecillos F, Khawaldeh S, Tan H, Pogosyan A, Schuepbach M, Pollo C, Brown P. Electrophysiological differences between upper and lower limb movements in the human subthalamic nucleus. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:727-738. [PMID: 30903826 PMCID: PMC6487671 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Functional processes in the brain are segregated in both the spatial and spectral domain. Motivated by findings reported at the cortical level in healthy participants we test the hypothesis in the basal ganglia of Parkinson's disease patients that lower frequency beta band activity relates to motor circuits associated with the upper limb and higher beta frequencies with lower limb movements. METHODS We recorded local field potentials (LFPs) from the subthalamic nucleus using segmented "directional" DBS leads, during which patients performed repetitive upper and lower limb movements. Movement-related spectral changes in the beta and gamma frequency-ranges and their spatial distributions were compared between limbs. RESULTS We found that the beta desynchronization during leg movements is characterised by a strikingly greater involvement of higher beta frequencies (24-31 Hz), regardless of whether this was contralateral or ipsilateral to the limb moved. The spatial distribution of limb-specific movement-related changes was evident at higher gamma frequencies. CONCLUSION Limb processing in the basal ganglia is differentially organised in the spectral and spatial domain and can be captured by directional DBS leads. SIGNIFICANCE These findings may help to refine the use of the subthalamic LFPs as a control signal for adaptive DBS and neuroprosthetic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Tinkhauser
- Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Syed Ahmar Shah
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Fischer
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katrin Peterman
- Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ines Debove
- Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Khoa Nygyuen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Nowacki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Flavie Torrecillos
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Saed Khawaldeh
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Huiling Tan
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alek Pogosyan
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Schuepbach
- Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Pollo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Brown
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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