1
|
Wang Q, Saadati S, Kabthymer RH, Gadanec LK, Lawton A, Tripodi N, Apostolopoulos V, de Courten B, Feehan J. The impact of carnosine on biological ageing - A geroscience approach. Maturitas 2024; 189:108091. [PMID: 39153379 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Biological ageing involves a gradual decline in physiological function and resilience, marked by molecular, cellular, and systemic changes across organ systems. Geroscience, an interdisciplinary field, studies these mechanisms and their role in age-related diseases. Genomic instability, inflammation, telomere attrition, and other indicators contribute to conditions like cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Geroscience identifies geroprotectors, such as resveratrol and metformin, targeting ageing pathways to extend the healthspan. Carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide (b-alanine and l-histidine), has emerged as a potential geroprotector with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycating properties. Carnosine's benefits extend to muscle function, exercise performance, and cognitive health, making it a promising therapeutic intervention for healthy ageing and oxidative stress-related pathologies. In this review, we summarize the evidence describing carnosine's effects in promoting healthy ageing, providing new insights into improving geroscience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saeede Saadati
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Robel Hussen Kabthymer
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Laura Kate Gadanec
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy Lawton
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicholas Tripodi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Jack Feehan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheng X, Cao L, Sun X, Zhou S, Zhu T, Zheng J, Liu S, Liu H. Metabolomic profile of plasma approach to investigate the mechanism of Poria cocos oligosaccharides attenuated LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 247:116262. [PMID: 38820835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf (PCW) are the dried sclerotia of Poaceae fungus Poria cocos that contain many biological activity ingredients such as polysaccharides and triterpenoids. The carbohydrates from Poria cocos have been proven to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the impact and mechanism of Poria cocos oligosaccharides (PCO) protecting mice against acute lung injury (ALI). We examined the histopathological analysis of lung injury, inflammatory, and edema levels to evaluate the benefits of PCO during ALI. As a result, PCO improved the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced lung injury and decreased the inflammatory cytokines of lung tissue. Simultaneously, PCO alleviated lung edema by regulating the expression of aquaporin5 (AQP5) and epithelial Na+ channel protein (ENaC-α). Additionally, untargeted metabolomics was performed on the plasma of ALI mice via HUPLC-Triple-TOF/MS. The results indicated that linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, carnosine, glutamic acid, and 1-methylhistamine were the biomarkers in ALI mice. Besides, metabolic pathway analysis suggested PCO affected the histidine and fatty acid metabolism, which were closely associated with inflammation and oxidative reaction of the host. Consequently, the effects of PCO inhibiting inflammation and edema might relate to the reducing pro-inflammatory mediators and the reverse of abnormal metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Lu Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Xiongjie Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Shuhan Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Tianxiang Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Junping Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Songlin Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuchang District Huayuanshan 4, Wuhan 430061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource and Chinese Herbal Compound of the Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuchang District Huayuanshan 4, Wuhan 430061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource and Chinese Herbal Compound of the Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rivi V, Caruso G, Caraci F, Alboni S, Pani L, Tascedda F, Lukowiak K, Blom JMC, Benatti C. Behavioral and transcriptional effects of carnosine in the central ring ganglia of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25371. [PMID: 39078068 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Carnosine is a naturally occurring endogenous dipeptide with well-recognized anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects at the central nervous system level. To date, very few studies have been focused on the ability of carnosine to rescue and/or enhance memory. Here, we used a well-known invertebrate model system, the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis, and a well-studied associative learning procedure, operant conditioning of aerial respiration, to investigate the ability of carnosine to enhance long-term memory (LTM) formation and reverse memory obstruction caused by an immune challenge (i.e., lipopolysaccharide [LPS] injection). Exposing snails to 1 mM carnosine for 1 h before training in addition to enhancing memory formation resulted in a significant upregulation of the expression levels of key neuroplasticity genes (i.e., glutamate ionotropic receptor N-methyl-d-aspartate [NMDA]-type subunit 1-LymGRIN1, and the transcription factor cAMP-response element-binding protein 1-LymCREB1) in snails' central ring ganglia. Moreover, pre-exposure to 1 mM carnosine before an LPS injection reversed the memory deficit brought about by inflammation, by preventing the upregulation of key targets for immune and stress response (i.e., Toll-like receptor 4-LymTLR4, molluscan defense molecule-LymMDM, heat shock protein 70-LymHSP70). Our data are thus consistent with the hypothesis that carnosine can have positive benefits on cognitive ability and be able to reverse memory aversive states induced by neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Rivi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Silvia Alboni
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pani
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Deparment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Fabio Tascedda
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- CIB, Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ken Lukowiak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Johanna M C Blom
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cristina Benatti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sahoo DK, Wong D, Patani A, Paital B, Yadav VK, Patel A, Jergens AE. Exploring the role of antioxidants in sepsis-associated oxidative stress: a comprehensive review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1348713. [PMID: 38510969 PMCID: PMC10952105 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1348713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition characterized by organ dysfunction caused by an imbalanced immune response to infection. Although an increased inflammatory response significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of sepsis, several molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of sepsis are associated with increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and exhausted antioxidant pathways. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the involvement of ROS in the pathophysiology of sepsis and the potential application of antioxidants with antimicrobial properties as an adjunct to primary therapies (fluid and antibiotic therapies) against sepsis. This article delves into the advantages and disadvantages associated with the utilization of antioxidants in the therapeutic approach to sepsis, which has been explored in a variety of animal models and clinical trials. While the application of antioxidants has been suggested as a potential therapy to suppress the immune response in cases where an intensified inflammatory reaction occurs, the use of multiple antioxidant agents can be beneficial as they can act additively or synergistically on different pathways, thereby enhancing the antioxidant defense. Furthermore, the utilization of immunoadjuvant therapy, specifically in septic patients displaying immunosuppressive tendencies, represents a promising advancement in sepsis therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - David Wong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Anil Patani
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Gujarat, India
| | - Biswaranjan Paital
- Redox Regulation Laboratory, Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Gujarat, India
| | - Albert E. Jergens
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lim EY, Lee SY, Shin HS, Kim GD. Reactive Oxygen Species and Strategies for Antioxidant Intervention in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2016. [PMID: 38001869 PMCID: PMC10669909 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening pulmonary condition characterized by the sudden onset of respiratory failure, pulmonary edema, dysfunction of endothelial and epithelial barriers, and the activation of inflammatory cascades. Despite the increasing number of deaths attributed to ARDS, a comprehensive therapeutic approach for managing patients with ARDS remains elusive. To elucidate the pathological mechanisms underlying ARDS, numerous studies have employed various preclinical models, often utilizing lipopolysaccharide as the ARDS inducer. Accumulating evidence emphasizes the pivotal role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of ARDS. Both preclinical and clinical investigations have asserted the potential of antioxidants in ameliorating ARDS. This review focuses on various sources of ROS, including NADPH oxidase, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase, cytochrome P450, and xanthine oxidase, and provides a comprehensive overview of their roles in ARDS. Additionally, we discuss the potential of using antioxidants as a strategy for treating ARDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yeong Lim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
| | - So-Young Lee
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Dong Kim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang S, Li Y, Liu X, Guo S, Jiang L, Huang Y, Wu Y. Carnosine alleviates kidney tubular epithelial injury by targeting NRF2 mediated ferroptosis in diabetic nephropathy. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1141-1155. [PMID: 37450047 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) can promote the occurrence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The injury of renal tubular epithelial cells is a significant reason for the occurrence of ESRD. A recent research demonstrated that ferroptosis was associated with renal tubular injury in DN. Ferroptosis is a kind of cell death brought on by the buildup of iron ions and lipid peroxidation brought on by ROS. Because carnosine (CAR) is a scavenger of iron ions and reactive oxygen species, we investigated whether CAR can improve DN by regulating ferroptosis. The results show that both CAR and Fer-1 significantly reduced kidney damage and inhibited ferroptosis in STZ mice. In addition, ferroptosis caused by HG or erastin (an inducer of ferroptosis) in human kidney tubular epithelial cell (HK2) was also rescued by CAR treatment. It was discovered that the protective effect of CAR against HG-induced ferroptosis was abolished when NRF2 was specifically knocked down in HK2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Liu
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Guo
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuebo Huang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yonggui Wu
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bramer LM, Hontz RD, Eisfeld AJ, Sims AC, Kim YM, Stratton KG, Nicora CD, Gritsenko MA, Schepmoes AA, Akasaka O, Koga M, Tsutsumi T, Nakamura M, Nakachi I, Baba R, Tateno H, Suzuki S, Nakajima H, Kato H, Ishida K, Ishii M, Uwamino Y, Mitamura K, Paurus VL, Nakayasu ES, Attah IK, Letizia AG, Waters KM, Metz TO, Corson K, Kawaoka Y, Gerbasi VR, Yotsuyanagi H, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K. Multi-omics of NET formation and correlations with CNDP1, PSPB, and L-cystine levels in severe and mild COVID-19 infections. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13795. [PMID: 36915486 PMCID: PMC9988701 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The detailed mechanisms of COVID-19 infection pathology remain poorly understood. To improve our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathology, we performed a multi-omics and correlative analysis of an immunologically naïve SARS-CoV-2 clinical cohort from blood plasma of uninfected controls, mild, and severe infections. Consistent with previous observations, severe patient populations showed an elevation of pulmonary surfactant levels. Intriguingly, mild patients showed a statistically significant elevation in the carnosine dipeptidase modifying enzyme (CNDP1). Mild and severe patient populations showed a strong elevation in the metabolite L-cystine (oxidized form of the amino acid cysteine) and enzymes with roles in glutathione metabolism. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were observed in both mild and severe populations, and NET formation was higher in severe vs. mild samples. Our correlative analysis suggests a potential protective role for CNDP1 in suppressing PSPB release from the pulmonary space whereas NET formation correlates with increased PSPB levels and disease severity. In our discussion we put forward a possible model where NET formation drives pulmonary occlusions and CNDP1 promotes antioxidation, pleiotropic immune responses, and vasodilation by accelerating histamine synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Bramer
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Robert D Hontz
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. TWO (NAMRU-2), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amie J Eisfeld
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Amy C Sims
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Young-Mo Kim
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Osamu Akasaka
- Emergency Medical Center, Fujisawa City Hospital 2-6-1 Fujisawa, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Michiko Koga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeya Tsutsumi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Nakamura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakachi
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Rie Baba
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tateno
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shoji Suzuki
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kato
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Uwamino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Mitamura
- Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Isaac K Attah
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Andrew G Letizia
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. TWO (NAMRU-2), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Thomas O Metz
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Karen Corson
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. TWO (NAMRU-2), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Japan.,International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pulmonary inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in a mouse model of cholestasis: the potential protective properties of the dipeptide carnosine. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1129-1142. [PMID: 36651945 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cholestasis is a clinical complication that primarily influences the liver. However, it is well known that many other organs could be affected by cholestasis. Lung tissue is a major organ influenced during cholestasis. Cholestasis-induced lung injury could induce severe complications such as respiratory distress, serious pulmonary infections, and tissue fibrosis. Unfortunately, there is no specific pharmacological intervention against this complication. Several studies revealed that oxidative stress and inflammatory response play a role in cholestasis-induced lung injury. Carnosine (CARN) is a dipeptide found at high concentrations in different tissues of humans. CARN's antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties are repeatedly mentioned in various experimental models. This study aimed to assess the role of CARN on cholestasis-induced lung injury. Rats underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) to induce cholestasis. Broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of inflammatory cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and immunoglobulin were monitored at scheduled intervals (7, 14, and 28 days after BDL). Moreover, lung tissue histopathological alterations and biomarkers of oxidative stress were evaluated. A significant increase in BALF inflammatory cells, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and immunoglobulin-G (IgG) was detected in the BALF of BDL rats. Moreover, lung tissue histopathological changes, collagen deposition, increased TGF-β, and elevated levels of oxidative stress biomarkers were evident in cholestatic animals. It was found that CARN (100 and 500 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly alleviated lung oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory response, tissue fibrosis, and histopathological alterations. These data indicate the potential protective properties of CARN in the management of cholestasis-induced pulmonary damage. The effects of CARN on inflammatory response and oxidative stress biomarkers seems to play a crucial role in its protective properties in the lung of cholestatic animals.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bi S, Shao J, Qu Y, Hu W, Ma Y, Cao L. Hepatic transcriptomics and metabolomics indicated pathways associated with immune stress of broilers induced by lipopolysaccharide. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102199. [PMID: 36257073 PMCID: PMC9579410 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
|
10
|
Agrawal A, Rathor R, Kumar R, Singh SN, Kumar B, Suryakumar G. Endogenous dipeptide-carnosine supplementation ameliorates hypobaric hypoxia-induced skeletal muscle loss via attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress response and maintaining proteostasis. IUBMB Life 2022; 74:101-116. [PMID: 34455667 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
High altitude is an environmental stress that is accompanied with numerous adverse biological responses, including skeletal muscle weakness and muscle protein loss. Skeletal muscle wasting is an important clinical problem, progressing to critical illness, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The present study explores the protective efficacy of endogenous dipeptide, carnosine (CAR), supplementation in ameliorating skeletal muscle protein loss under hypobaric hypoxia (HH). Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 5) were randomly divided into control group, HH-exposed group (3 days HH exposure equivalent to 7,620 m), and HH-exposed rats supplemented with carnosine (3 days; 150 mg/kg b.w, orally) (HH + CAR). HH-exposed rats supplemented with CAR ameliorated HH-induced oxidative protein damage, lipid peroxidation, and maintained pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. HH-associated muscle protein degradative pathways, including calpain, ubiquitination, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and apoptosis were also regulated in carnosine-supplemented rats. Further, the muscle damage marker, the levels of serum creatine phosphokinase were also reduced in HH + CAR co-supplemented rats which proved the protective efficacy of CAR against hypobaric hypoxia-induced muscle protein loss. Altogether, CAR supplementation ameliorated HH-induced skeletal muscle protein loss via performing multifaceted ways, mainly by maintaining redox homeostasis and proteostasis in skeletal muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Agrawal
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Som Nath Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Bhuvnesh Kumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Timarpur, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Naletova I, Greco V, Sciuto S, Attanasio F, Rizzarelli E. Ionophore Ability of Carnosine and Its Trehalose Conjugate Assists Copper Signal in Triggering Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Activation In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13504. [PMID: 34948299 PMCID: PMC8706131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
l-carnosine (β-alanyl-l-histidine) (Car hereafter) is a natural dipeptide widely distributed in mammalian tissues and reaching high concentrations (0.7-2.0 mM) in the brain. The molecular features of the dipeptide underlie the antioxidant, anti-aggregating and metal chelating ability showed in a large number of physiological effects, while the biological mechanisms involved in the protective role found against several diseases cannot be explained on the basis of the above-mentioned properties alone, requiring further research efforts. It has been reported that l-carnosine increases the secretion and expression of various neurotrophic factors and affects copper homeostasis in nervous cells inducing Cu cellular uptake in keeping with the key metal-sensing system. Having in mind this l-carnosine ability, here we report the copper-binding and ionophore ability of l-carnosine to activate tyrosine kinase cascade pathways in PC12 cells and stimulate the expression of BDNF. Furthermore, the study was extended to verify the ability of the dipeptide to favor copper signaling inducing the expression of VEGF. Being aware that the potential protective action of l-carnosine is drastically hampered by its hydrolysis, we also report on the behavior of a conjugate of l-carnosine with trehalose that blocks the carnosinase degradative activity. Overall, our findings describe a copper tuning effect on the ability of l-carnosine and, particularly its conjugate, to activate tyrosine kinase cascade pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Naletova
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research—CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
- National Inter-University Consortium Metals Chemistry in Biological Systems (CIRCMSB), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciuto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Francesco Attanasio
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research—CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research—CNR, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy;
- National Inter-University Consortium Metals Chemistry in Biological Systems (CIRCMSB), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rathor R, Suryakumar G, Singh SN. Diet and redox state in maintaining skeletal muscle health and performance at high altitude. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 174:305-320. [PMID: 34352371 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
High altitude exposure leads to compromised physical performance with considerable weight loss. The major stressor at high altitude is hypobaric hypoxia which leads to disturbance in redox homeostasis. Oxidative stress is a well-known trigger for many high altitude illnesses and regulates several key signaling pathways under stressful conditions. Altered redox homeostasis is considered the prime culprit of high altitude linked skeletal muscle atrophy. Hypobaric hypoxia disturbs redox homeostasis through increased RONS production and compromised antioxidant system. Increased RONS disturbs the cellular homeostasis via multiple ways such as inflammation generation, altered protein anabolic pathways, redox remodeling of RyR1 that contributed to dysregulated calcium homeostasis, enhanced protein degradation pathways via activation calcium-regulated protein, calpain, and apoptosis. Ultimately, all the cellular signaling pathways aggregately result in skeletal muscle atrophy. Dietary supplementation of phytochemicals could become a safe and effective intervention to ameliorate skeletal muscle atrophy and enhance the physical performance of the personnel who are staying at high altitude regions. The present evidence-based review explores few dietary supplementations which regulate several signaling mechanisms and ameliorate hypobaric hypoxia induced muscle atrophy and enhances physical performance. However, a clinical research trial is required to establish proof-of-concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India.
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Som Nath Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jukić I, Kolobarić N, Stupin A, Matić A, Kozina N, Mihaljević Z, Mihalj M, Šušnjara P, Stupin M, Ćurić ŽB, Selthofer-Relatić K, Kibel A, Lukinac A, Kolar L, Kralik G, Kralik Z, Széchenyi A, Jozanović M, Galović O, Medvidović-Kosanović M, Drenjančević I. Carnosine, Small but Mighty-Prospect of Use as Functional Ingredient for Functional Food Formulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1037. [PMID: 34203479 PMCID: PMC8300828 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is a dipeptide synthesized in the body from β-alanine and L-histidine. It is found in high concentrations in the brain, muscle, and gastrointestinal tissues of humans and is present in all vertebrates. Carnosine has a number of beneficial antioxidant properties. For example, carnosine scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as alpha-beta unsaturated aldehydes created by peroxidation of fatty acid cell membranes during oxidative stress. Carnosine can oppose glycation, and it can chelate divalent metal ions. Carnosine alleviates diabetic nephropathy by protecting podocyte and mesangial cells, and can slow down aging. Its component, the amino acid beta-alanine, is particularly interesting as a dietary supplement for athletes because it increases muscle carnosine, and improves effectiveness of exercise and stimulation and contraction in muscles. Carnosine is widely used among athletes in the form of supplements, but rarely in the population of cardiovascular or diabetic patients. Much less is known, if any, about its potential use in enriched food. In the present review, we aimed to provide recent knowledge on carnosine properties and distribution, its metabolism (synthesis and degradation), and analytical methods for carnosine determination, since one of the difficulties is the measurement of carnosine concentration in human samples. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms of carnosine's biological effects in musculature, metabolism and on immunomodulation are discussed. Finally, this review provides a section on carnosine supplementation in the form of functional food and potential health benefits and up to the present, neglected clinical use of carnosine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Jukić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Nikolina Kolobarić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Ana Stupin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10E, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anita Matić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Nataša Kozina
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Zrinka Mihaljević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Martina Mihalj
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Petar Šušnjara
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Marko Stupin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Željka Breškić Ćurić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Vinkovci, Zvonarska 57, HR-32100 Vinkovci, Croatia
| | - Kristina Selthofer-Relatić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Kibel
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anamarija Lukinac
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Luka Kolar
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vukovar General Hospital, HR-32000 Vukovar, Croatia
| | - Gordana Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Nutricin j.d.o.o. Darda, HR-31326 Darda, Croatia
| | - Zlata Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Széchenyi
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Jozanović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Olivera Galović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Medvidović-Kosanović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ines Drenjančević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kandhasamy S, Liang B, Yang DP, Zeng Y. Antibacterial Vitamin K3 Carnosine Peptide-Laden Silk Fibroin Electrospun Fibers for Improvement of Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4769-4788. [PMID: 35007027 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of a multifunctional bioactive molecule functionalized electrospun dressing in tissue repair and regenerative function is a prominent therapeutic strategy for preparing efficient biomaterials to promote chronic wound healing. Designing robust and highly efficient antibacterial agents in resistance against microbes and bacterial infections is a key challenge for accelerating diabetic wound healing until today. In this study, we developed a vitamin K3 carnosine peptide (VKC)-laden silk fibroin electrospun scaffold (SF-VKC) for diabetic wound healing. The structural confirmation of synthesized VKC was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy analysis, and the cell viability of VKC was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay in HFF1 and NIH 3T3 cells. VKC shows excellent cell viability on both cell lines, and the VKC and SF-VKC electrospun mats exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. Prepared SF and SF-VKC fibrous mats were well characterized, and the SF-VKC nanofiber mat presented good biodegradability, adhesiveness, unique mechanical property, expedient water uptake property, sustained drug release, and excellent biocompatibility for chronic wound healing. The in vitro tissue engineering study depicted excellent cell migration and cell-cell interaction in the NIH 3T3 cells over the VKC-impregnated silk fibroin (SF-VKC) mat. A higher population of cell migration was observed in cells' denuded area (scratched region) compared to the native SF fibrous mat. Interestingly, our results demonstrated that the prepared VKC-impregnated SF mat had potentially promoted the STZ-induced diabetic wound healing in a shorter period than the pure SF mat. Thus, obtained in vitro and in vivo outcomes suggest that the VKC-laden SF electrospun fibrous mat could be a better and inexpensive fibrous antibacterial biomaterial to elicit earlier re-epithelialization and efficient matrix remodeling for accelerating chronic infected wound reconstruction in skin diabetic wound healing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subramani Kandhasamy
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Clinical Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Da-Peng Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Clinical Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang M, Sun L, Jiang T, Kawabata Y, Murayama F, Maegawa T, Taniyama S, Tachibana K, Hirasaka K. Safety Evaluation and Physiological Function of Dietary Balenine Derived From Opah Lampris guttatus on Skeletal Muscle of Mice. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
16
|
Feehan J, de Courten M, Apostolopoulos V, de Courten B. Nutritional Interventions for COVID-19: A Role for Carnosine? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051463. [PMID: 33925783 PMCID: PMC8146193 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As COVID-19 continues to take an enormous toll on global health, the effort to find effective preventive and treatment strategies has been unparalleled in recent history [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Feehan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia;
- Department of Medicine—Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Maximilian de Courten
- Mitchell Institute for Education and Health Policy, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia;
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia;
- Correspondence: (V.A.); (B.d.C.)
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence: (V.A.); (B.d.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Masuoka N, Lei C, Li H, Inamura N, Shiotani S, Yanai N, Sato K, Sakurai K, Hisatsune T. Anserine, HClO-scavenger, protected against cognitive decline in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:1729-1741. [PMID: 33472172 PMCID: PMC7880346 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been recognized as a promising target when considering strategies for treating AD. In particular, it has been shown that neutrophils and MPO-mediated neuroinflammatory responses with the production of HClO play a role in the progression of AD. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of anserine, a scavenger of HClO, on the protection of cognitive declines in persons with MCI. Fifty-eight elderly volunteers were screened, and 36 MCI individuals were assigned either to an active arm, who received 500 mg anserine per day, or a placebo arm, for 12-weeks. To assess cognitive function, we performed MMSE at baseline and after the ingestion. The data of the MMSE for 30 subjects who completed the follow-up tests were analyzed. A significant difference was detected in the change score of MMSE between the active arm (1.9 ± 2.0; n = 15) and the placebo arm (0 ± 2.8; n = 15) (p = 0.036). After the correction with the daily intake of anserine, the significance was elevated (p = 0.0176). Our results suggest that anserine protects elderly persons with MCI from cognitive declines by suppressing MPO-mediated neuroinflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Masuoka
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Chenxu Lei
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Haowei Li
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Noriko Inamura
- Community Hearth Promotion Laboratory, Mitsui Fudosan, Co., Ltd., Kashiwa, Japan.,Urban Design Center Kashiwanoha (UDCK), Kashiwa, Japan
| | | | - Nobuya Yanai
- Research Division, Tokai Bussan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Keisuke Sakurai
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Hisatsune
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
O'Toole TE, Amraotkar AA, DeFilippis AP, Rai SN, Keith RJ, Baba SP, Lorkiewicz P, Crandell CE, Pariser GL, Wingard CJ, Pope Iii CA, Bhatnagar A. Protocol to assess the efficacy of carnosine supplementation in mitigating the adverse cardiovascular responses to particulate matter (PM) exposure: the Nucleophilic Defense Against PM Toxicity (NEAT) trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039118. [PMID: 33372072 PMCID: PMC7772308 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with cardiovascular disease. These outcomes are believed to originate from pulmonary oxidative stress and the systemic delivery of oxidised biomolecules (eg, aldehydes) generated in the lungs. Carnosine is an endogenous di-peptide (β-alanine-L-histidine) which promotes physiological homeostasis in part by conjugating to and neutralising toxic aldehydes. We hypothesise that an increase of endogenous carnosine by dietary supplementation would mitigate the adverse cardiovascular outcomes associated with PM exposure in humans. METHODS AND ANALYSIS To test this, we designed the Nucleophilic Defense Against PM Toxicity trial. This trial will enroll 240 participants over 2 years and determine if carnosine supplementation mitigates the adverse effects of PM inhalation. The participants will have low levels of endogenous carnosine to facilitate identification of supplementation-specific outcomes. At enrollment, we will measure several indices of inflammation, preclinical cardiovascular disease and physical function. Participants will be randomly allocated to carnosine or placebo groups and instructed to take their oral supplement for 12 weeks with two return clinical visits and repeated assessments during times of peak PM exposure (June-September) in Louisville, Kentucky, USA. Statistical modelling approaches will be used to assess the efficacy of carnosine supplementation in mitigating adverse outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study protocol has been approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Louisville. Results from this study will be disseminated at scientific conferences and in peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration: NCT03314987; Pre-results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E O'Toole
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Alok A Amraotkar
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Shesh N Rai
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinfomatics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Rachel J Keith
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Shahid P Baba
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Pawel Lorkiewicz
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Catherine E Crandell
- Department of Physical Therapy, Bellarmine University, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Gina L Pariser
- Department of Physical Therapy, Bellarmine University, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - C Arden Pope Iii
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Carnosine suppresses neuronal cell death and inflammation induced by 6-hydroxydopamine in an in vitro model of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240448. [PMID: 33052927 PMCID: PMC7556511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease for which prevention and effective treatments are lacking. The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease is not clearly understood. It is thought to be caused by oxidative stress-dependent loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra and the promotion of inflammatory responses by microglia at the lesion site. In addition, cell loss occurs in the hypothalamus of Parkinson's disease patients. Carnosine is an endogenous dipeptide that can exert many beneficial effects, including an antioxidant action, metal ion chelation, proton buffering capacity, and inhibition of protein carbonylation and glycolysis. Previously, we found that carnosine inhibits trace metal-induced death of immortalized hypothalamic neuronal GT1-7 cells. In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of carnosine on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-dependent GT1-7 cell death and inflammatory responses. We found that carnosine significantly prevented 6-OHDA-dependent GT1-7 cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, carnosine significantly suppressed the expression of 6-OHDA-induced integrated stress response (ISR)-related factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Carnosine also significantly inhibited 6-OHDA-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway activation in GT1-7 cells. These results indicate that carnosine inhibits hypothalamic neuronal cell death and inflammatory responses by inhibiting the ROS-JNK pathway. We therefore suggest that carnosine may be effective in preventing the onset or the exacerbation of Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
|
20
|
Nakano Y, Shimoda M, Okudomi S, Kawaraya S, Kawahara M, Tanaka KI. Seleno-l-methionine suppresses copper-enhanced zinc-induced neuronal cell death via induction of glutathione peroxidase. Metallomics 2020; 12:1693-1701. [PMID: 32926024 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00136h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Excessive zinc ion (Zn2+) release is induced in pathological situations and causes neuronal cell death. Previously, we have reported that copper ions (Cu2+) markedly exacerbated Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death by potentiating oxidative stress, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, and the activation of the c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. In contrast, selenium (Se), an essential trace element, and amino acids containing selenium (such as seleno-l-methionine) have been reported to inhibit stress-induced neuronal cell death and oxidative stress. Thus, we investigated the effect of seleno-l-methionine on Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death in GT1-7 cells. Seleno-l-methionine treatment clearly restored the Cu2+/Zn2+-induced decrease in the viable cell number and attenuated the Cu2+/Zn2+-induced cytotoxicity. Accordingly, the levels of ER stress-related factors (especially, CHOP and GADD34) and of phosphorylated JNK increased upon CuCl2 and ZnCl2 co-treatment, whereas pre-treatment with seleno-l-methionine significantly suppressed these upregulations. Analysis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as upstream factors of these pathways revealed that Cu2+/Zn2+-induced ROS production was clearly suppressed by seleno-l-methionine treatment. Finally, we found that seleno-l-methionine induced the antioxidative protein, glutathione peroxidase. Taken together, our findings suggest that seleno-l-methionine suppresses Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death and oxidative stress via induction of glutathione peroxidase. Thus, we think that seleno-l-methionine may help prevent refractory neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Nakano
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tanaka KI, Kawahara M. Carnosine and Lung Disease. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1714-1725. [PMID: 31309876 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190712140545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a small dipeptide with numerous activities, including antioxidant effects, metal ion chelation, proton buffering capacity, and inhibitory effects on protein carbonylation and glycation. Carnosine has been mostly studied in organs where it is abundant, including skeletal muscle, cerebral cortex, kidney, spleen, and plasma. Recently, the effect of supplementation with carnosine has been studied in organs with low levels of carnosine, such as the lung, in animal models of influenza virus or lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis. Among the known protective effects of carnosine, its antioxidant effect has attracted increasing attention for potential use in treating lung disease. In this review, we describe the in vitro and in vivo biological and physiological actions of carnosine. We also report our recent study and discuss the roles of carnosine or its related compounds in organs where carnosine is present in only small amounts (especially the lung) and its protective mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hipkiss AR. COVID-19 and Senotherapeutics: Any Role for the Naturally-occurring Dipeptide Carnosine? Aging Dis 2020; 11:737-741. [PMID: 32765939 PMCID: PMC7390525 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is suggested that the non-toxic dipeptide carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) should be examined as a potential protective agent against COVID-19 infection and inflammatory consequences especially in the elderly. Carnosine is an effective anti-inflammatory agent which can also inhibit CD26 and ACE2 activity. It is also suggested that nasal administration would direct the peptide directly to the lungs and escape the attention of serum carnosinase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Hipkiss
- Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing (ARCHA), Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lee SF, Harris R, Stout-Delgado HW. Targeted antioxidants as therapeutics for treatment of pneumonia in the elderly. Transl Res 2020; 220:43-56. [PMID: 32268130 PMCID: PMC7989851 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Community acquired pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality in the United States. Along with predisposing comorbid health status, age is an independent risk factor for determining the outcome of pneumonia. Research over the last few decades has contributed to better understanding the underlying immunodysregulation and imbalanced redox homeostasis tied to this aged population group that increases susceptibility to a wide range of pathologies. Major approaches include targeting oxidative stress by reducing ROS generation at its main sources of production which includes the mitochondrion. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have a number of molecular strategies that include targeting the biophysical properties of mitochondria, mitochondrial localization of catalytic enzymes, and mitigating mitochondrial membrane potential. Results of several antioxidant studies both in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated promising potential as a therapeutic in the treatment of pneumonia in the elderly. More human studies will need to be conducted to evaluate its efficacy in this clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefi F Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Rebecca Harris
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Heather W Stout-Delgado
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kimura K, Nakano Y, Sugizaki T, Shimoda M, Kobayashi N, Kawahara M, Tanaka KI. Protective effect of polaprezinc on cadmium-induced injury of lung epithelium. Metallomics 2020; 11:1310-1320. [PMID: 31236550 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00060g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a toxic metal contained in food, water and the atmosphere, and exposure to cadmium can cause respiratory diseases in humans. Various health problems caused by cadmium result from oxidative stress-dependent cellular injury. Metallothioneins are intracellular, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins that have a detoxifying action on heavy metals such as cadmium in various organs. In addition, expression of metallothioneins is induced by metals with low biological toxicity, such as zinc. Therefore, in this study we examined whether polaprezinc, a chelate compound consisting of carnosine and zinc, can suppress cadmium-induced lung epithelial cell death. We found that cell viability markers (intracellular ATP levels and mitochondrial activity) and cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase release) were decreased and increased, respectively by cadmium treatment; however, polaprezinc significantly reversed these changes. Moreover, cadmium-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress responses were suppressed by polaprezinc treatment. We then examined the protective mechanisms of polaprezinc, focusing on oxidative stress. Cadmium induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner and polaprezinc significantly suppressed this cadmium-induced ROS production. Finally, we examined whether polaprezinc exerts an antioxidative action by inducing metallothioneins. We found that polaprezinc dose-dependently induced metallothioneins using real-time RT-PCR, ELISA, and western blotting analyses. These results indicate that polaprezinc can suppress cadmium-induced lung epithelial cell death and oxidative stress by inducing metallothioneins. We therefore suggest that polaprezinc may have therapeutic effects against respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Kimura
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| | - Yukari Nakano
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| | - Toshifumi Sugizaki
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| | - Mikako Shimoda
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| | - Nahoko Kobayashi
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tanaka KI, Shimoda M, Kasai M, Ikeda M, Ishima Y, Kawahara M. Involvement of SAPK/JNK Signaling Pathway in Copper Enhanced Zinc-Induced Neuronal Cell Death. Toxicol Sci 2020; 169:293-302. [PMID: 30768131 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) plays an important role in many organisms in various physiological functions such as cell division, immune mechanisms and protein synthesis. However, excessive Zn release is induced in pathological situations and causes neuronal cell death. Previously, we reported that Cu ions (Cu2+) markedly exacerbates Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death by potentiating oxidative stress and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. In contrast, the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) signaling pathway is important in neuronal cell death. Thus, in this study, we focused on the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway and examined its involvement in Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity. Initially, we examined expression of factors involved in the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway. Accordingly, we found that phosphorylated (ie, active) forms of SAPK/JNK (p46 and p54) are increased by CuCl2 and ZnCl2 co-treatment in hypothalamic neuronal mouse cells (GT1-7 cells). Downstream factors of SAPK/JNK, phospho-c-Jun, and phospho-activating transcription factor 2 are also induced by CuCl2 and ZnCl2 co-treatment. Moreover, an inhibitor of the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway, SP600125, significantly suppressed neuronal cell death and activation of the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway induced by CuCl2 and ZnCl2 cotreatment. Finally, we examined involvement of oxidative stress in activation of the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway, and found that human serum albumin-thioredoxin fusion protein, an antioxidative protein, suppresses activation of the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway. On the basis of these results, our findings suggest that activation of ZnCl2-dependent SAPK/JNK signaling pathway is important in neuronal cell death, and CuCl2-induced oxidative stress triggers the activation of this pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikako Shimoda
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misato Kasai
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ikeda
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiang Y, Wang X, Yang W, Gui S. Procyanidin B2 Suppresses Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Human Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Lung Fibroblasts. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 40:54-63. [PMID: 31603717 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by acute lung inflammation and apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) with a high morbidity and mortality. Procyanidin B2 (PCB2) is a naturally occurring flavonoid with anti-inflammatory activity. Our previous study demonstrated that PCB2 inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and ameliorated paraquat-induced ALI in rat, indicating the protective role of PCB2. As lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute cell injury and dysfunction, we continued to evaluate the protective effects of PCB2 using LPS-treated human AECs and lung fibroblasts (LFs) model. We tested the effects of PCB2 on cell permeability, viability, apoptosis, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and proinflammatory cytokines production in LPS-treated human AECs and LFs. PCB2 prevented LPS-induced cell apoptosis, and increased the cell viability in LPS-treated human AECs and LFs. PCB2 inhibited LPS-induced Bax and active caspase-3 expression, and promoted Bcl-2 expression. PCB2 prevented LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β expression, NF-κB activation, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. PCB2 suppressed LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in human AECs and LFs by inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinling Jiang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Respiratory, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Hefei Hospital, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Hefei Hospital, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanchun Yang
- Department of Respiratory, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Hefei Hospital, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuyu Gui
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abplanalp W, Haberzettl P, Bhatnagar A, Conklin DJ, O'Toole TE. Carnosine Supplementation Mitigates the Deleterious Effects of Particulate Matter Exposure in Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013041. [PMID: 31234700 PMCID: PMC6662354 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter ( PM 2.5) induces quantitative and qualitative defects in bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells of mice, and similar outcomes in humans may contribute to vascular dysfunction and the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with PM 2.5 exposure. Nevertheless, mechanisms underlying the pervasive effects of PM 2.5 are unclear and effective interventional strategies to mitigate against PM 2.5 toxicity are lacking. Furthermore, whether PM 2.5 exposure affects other types of bone marrow stem cells leading to additional hematological or immunological dysfunction is not clear. Methods and Results Mice given normal drinking water or that supplemented with carnosine, a naturally occurring, nucleophilic di-peptide that binds reactive aldehydes, were exposed to filtered air or concentrated ambient particles. Mice drinking normal water and exposed to concentrated ambient particles demonstrated a depletion of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells but no change in mesenchymal stem cells. However, HSC depletion was significantly attenuated when the mice were placed on drinking water containing carnosine. Carnosine supplementation also increased the levels of carnosine-propanal conjugates in the urine of CAPs-exposed mice and prevented the concentrated ambient particles-induced dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells as assessed by in vitro and in vivo assays. Conclusions These results suggest that exposure to PM 2.5 has pervasive effects on different bone marrow stem cell populations and that PM 2.5-induced hematopoietic stem cells depletion, endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction, and defects in vascular repair can be mitigated by excess carnosine. Carnosine supplementation may be a viable approach for preventing PM 2.5-induced immune dysfunction and cardiovascular injury in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Abplanalp
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
| | - Petra Haberzettl
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
- Envirome InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleKY
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
- Envirome InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleKY
| | - Daniel J. Conklin
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
- Envirome InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleKY
| | - Timothy E. O'Toole
- Department of MedicineDiabetes and Obesity CenterUniversity of LouisvilleKY
- Envirome InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleKY
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nickel Enhances Zinc-Induced Neuronal Cell Death by Priming the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9693726. [PMID: 31316722 PMCID: PMC6604344 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9693726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Trace metals such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni) play important roles in various physiological functions such as immunity, cell division, and protein synthesis in a wide variety of species. However, excessive amounts of these trace metals cause disorders in various tissues of the central nervous system, respiratory system, and other vital organs. Our previous analysis focusing on neurotoxicity resulting from interactions between Zn and Cu revealed that Cu2+ markedly enhances Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death by activating oxidative stress and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. However, neurotoxicity arising from interactions between zinc and metals other than copper has not been examined. Thus, in the current study, we examined the effect of Ni2+ on Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity. Initially, we found that nontoxic concentrations (0–60 μM) of Ni2+ enhance Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity in an immortalized hypothalamic neuronal cell line (GT1-7) in a dose-dependent manner. Next, we analyzed the mechanism enhancing neuronal cell death, focusing on the ER stress response. Our results revealed that Ni2+ treatment significantly primed the Zn2+-induced ER stress response, especially expression of the CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). Finally, we examined the effect of carnosine (an endogenous peptide) on Ni2+/Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity and found that carnosine attenuated Ni2+/Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death and ER stress occurring before cell death. Based on our results, Ni2+ treatment significantly enhances Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death by priming the ER stress response. Thus, compounds that decrease the ER stress response, such as carnosine, may be beneficial for neurological diseases.
Collapse
|
29
|
Gu L, Deng H, Ren Z, Zhao Y, Yu S, Guo Y, Dai J, Chen X, Li K, Li R, Wang G. Dynamic Changes in the Microbiome and Mucosal Immune Microenvironment of the Lower Respiratory Tract by Influenza Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2491. [PMID: 31736922 PMCID: PMC6838016 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a major public health concern, and the high mortality rate is largely attributed to secondary bacterial infections. There are several mechanisms through which the virus increases host susceptibility to bacterial colonization, but the micro-environment in lower respiratory tract (LRT) of host, infected with influenza virus, is unclear. To this end, we analyzed the LRT microbiome, transcriptome of lung and metabolome of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in mice inoculated intra-nasally with H1N1 to simulate human influenza, and we observed significant changes in the composition of microbial community and species diversity in the acute (7 days post inoculation or dpi), convalescent (14 dpi) and the recovery (28 dpi) periods. The dominant bacterial class shifted from Alphaproteobacteria to Gammaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria in the infected mice, with a significant increase in the relative abundance of anaerobes and facultative anaerobes like Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. The dysbiosis in the LRT of infected mice was not normalized even in the recovery phase of the infection. In addition, the infected lung transcriptome showed significant differences in the expression levels of genes associated with bacterial infection and immune responses. Finally, the influenza virus infection also resulted in significant changes in the metabolome of the BALF. These alterations in the microbiome, transcriptome, and metabolome of infected lungs were not only appeared at the acute period, but also observed at the recovery period. Furthermore, the infection of influenza virus induced a long-term effect in LRT micro-environmental homeostasis, which may give a chance for the invasion of potential pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Gu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Huixiong Deng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhihui Ren
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shun Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yingzhu Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jianping Dai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Kangsheng Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Li,
| | - Gefei Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Gefei Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao Y, Wang N, Li RH, Xiao YZ. The Role of Autophagy and the Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 16 During Acute Lung Injury in Mice. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:2404-2412. [PMID: 29677174 PMCID: PMC5928852 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute lung injury (ALI) is responsible for mortality in hospitalized patients. Autophagy can negatively regulate inflammatory response, and CXCL16 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16) is a kind of chemokine, which is closely related to the inflammatory response. However, the relationship between autophagy and CXCL16 in ALI is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy and chemokine CXCL16 in ALI in mice. Material/Methods Thirty-two male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups. The control group (C group) was given normal saline through intraperitoneal injection. The L group was given LPS (lipopolysaccharide) at 30 mg/kg to construct an ALI model. The 3-MA group received an intraperitoneal injection of inhibitor of autophagy 3-methyladenine at 15 mg/kg, 30 minutes before LPS injection. The anti-CXCL16 group was given 20 mg/kg of CXCL16 monoclonal antibody 30 minutes before the LPS injection. Results In the 3-MA Group, the level of histological analysis, lung wet/dry ratio, total protein of BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) and TNF-α level were higher than the L group (p<0.05), the level of autophagy was lower than the L group (p<0.05), and the level of CXCL16 was higher than the L group (p<0.05). In the anti-CXCL16 group, the level of histological analysis, lung wet/dry ratio, BAL protein, and TNF-α level were declined compared to the L group (p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in expression of CXCL16 detected by ELISA between the anti-CXCL16 group and the L group (p>0.05). Conclusions Autophagy played a protective role in ALI induced by LPS in mice. Autophagy could regulate the level of CXCL16. The chemokine CXCL16 could exacerbate ALI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Gao
- Department of Emergency Anesthesia, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Ni Wang
- Department of Emergency Anesthesia, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Rui H Li
- Department of Emergency Anesthesia, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Z Xiao
- Department of Emergency Anesthesia, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tanaka KI, Shimoda M, Kawahara M. Pyruvic acid prevents Cu 2+/Zn 2+-induced neurotoxicity by suppressing mitochondrial injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:1335-1341. [PMID: 29180015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is known as a co-factor for over 300 metalloproteins or enzymes, and has essential roles in many physiological functions. However, excessively high Zn concentrations are induced in pathological conditions such as interruption of blood flow in stroke or transient global ischemia-induced neuronal cell death. Furthermore, we recently found that copper (Cu2+) significantly exacerbates Zn2+ neurotoxicity in mouse hypothalamic neuronal cells, suggesting that Zn2+ interaction with Cu2+ is important for the development of neurological disease. Meanwhile, organic acids such as pyruvic acid and citric acid are reported to prevent neuronal cell death induced by various stresses. Thus, in this study, we focused on organic acids and searched for compounds that inhibit Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity. Initially, we examined the protective effect of various organic acids on Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity, and found that pyruvic acid clearly suppresses Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity in GT1-7 cells. Next, we examined the protective mechanisms of pyruvic acid against Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity. Specifically, we examined the possibilities that pyruvic acid chelates Cu2+ and Zn2+ or suppresses the ER stress response, but found that neither was suppressed by pyruvic acid treatment. In contrast, pyruvic acid significantly suppressed cytochrome c release into cytoplasm, an index of mitochondrial injury, in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that pyruvic acid prevents Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death by suppressing mitochondrial injury. Based on our results, we assume that pyruvic acid may be therapeutically beneficial for neurological diseases involving neuronal cell death such as vascular dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| | - Mikako Shimoda
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tanaka KI, Shimoda M, Chuang VTG, Nishida K, Kawahara M, Ishida T, Otagiri M, Maruyama T, Ishima Y. Thioredoxin-albumin fusion protein prevents copper enhanced zinc-induced neurotoxicity via its antioxidative activity. Int J Pharm 2017; 535:140-147. [PMID: 29122608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is a co-factor for a vast number of enzymes, and functions as a regulator for immune mechanism and protein synthesis. However, excessive Zn release induced in pathological situations such as stroke or transient global ischemia is toxic. Previously, we demonstrated that the interaction of Zn and copper (Cu) is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Furthermore, oxidative stress has been shown to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of various metal ions induced neuronal death. Thioredoxin-Albumin fusion (HSA-Trx) is a derivative of thioredoxin (Trx), an antioxidative protein, with improved plasma retention and stability of Trx. In this study, we examined the effect of HSA-Trx on Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity. Firstly, HSA-Trx was found to clearly suppress Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death in mouse hypothalamic neuronal cells (GT1-7 cells). Moreover, HSA-Trx markedly suppressed Cu2+/Zn2+-induced ROS production and the expression of oxidative stress related genes, such as heme oxygenase-1. In contrast, HSA-Trx did not affect the intracellular levels of both Cu2+ and Zn2+ after Cu2+/Zn2+ treatment. Finally, HSA-Trx was found to significantly suppress endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response induced by Cu2+/Zn2+ treatment in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that HSA-Trx counteracted Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity by suppressing the production of ROS via interfering the related gene expressions, in addition to the highly possible radical scavenging activity of the fusion protein. Based on these findings, HSA-Trx has great potential as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of refractory neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Mikako Shimoda
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Victor T G Chuang
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kento Nishida
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 1-22-4 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|