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Bueno da Silva M, Wiese-Klinkenberg A, Usadel B, Genzel F. Potato Berries as a Valuable Source of Compounds Potentially Applicable in Crop Protection and Pharmaceutical Sectors: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15449-15462. [PMID: 38970497 PMCID: PMC11261637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a major agricultural crop cultivated worldwide. To meet market demand, breeding programs focus on enhancing important agricultural traits such as disease resistance and improvement of tuber palatability. However, while potato tubers get a lot of attention from research, potato berries are mostly overlooked due to their level of toxicity and lack of usefulness for the food production sector. Generally, they remain unused in the production fields after harvesting the tuber. These berries are toxic due to high levels of glycoalkaloids, which might confer some interesting bioactivities. Berries of various solanaceous species contain bioactive secondary metabolites, suggesting that potato berries might contain similarly valuable metabolites. Therefore, possible applications of potato berries, e.g., in the protection of plants against pests and pathogens, as well as the medical exploitation of their anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, and antifungal properties, are plausible. The presence of valuable compounds in potato berries could also contribute to the bioeconomy by providing a novel use for otherwise discarded agricultural side streams. Here we review the potential use of these berries for the extraction of compounds that can be exploited to produce pharmaceuticals and plant protection products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Bueno da Silva
- Institute
of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Bioeconomy Science
Center (BioSC), CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Anika Wiese-Klinkenberg
- Institute
of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Bioeconomy Science
Center (BioSC), CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Björn Usadel
- Institute
of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Bioeconomy Science
Center (BioSC), CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, CEPLAS, Institute for Biological
Data Science, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Genzel
- Institute
of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Bioeconomy Science
Center (BioSC), CEPLAS, Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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2
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Kariñho Betancourt E, Calderón Cortés N, Tapia López R, De-la-Cruz I, Núñez Farfán J, Oyama K. Comparative transcriptome profiling reveals distinct regulatory responses of secondary defensive metabolism in Datura species (Solanaceae) under plant development and herbivory-mediated stress. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11496. [PMID: 38983703 PMCID: PMC11231941 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Differential expression of genes is key to mediating developmental and stress-related plant responses. Here, we addressed the regulation of plant metabolic responses to biotic stress and the developmental variation of defense-related genes in four species of the genus Datura with variable patterns of metabolite accumulation and development. We combine transcriptome profiling with phylogenomic techniques to analyze gene expression and coexpression in plants subjected to damage by a specialist folivore insect. We found (1) common overall gene expression in species of similar chemical profiles, (2) species-specific responses of proteins involved in specialized metabolism, characterized by constant levels of gene expression coupled with transcriptional rearrangement, and (3) induction of transcriptional rearrangement of major terpene and tropane alkaloid genes upon herbivory. Our results indicate differential modulation of terpene and tropane metabolism linked to jasmonate signaling and specific transcription factors to regulate developmental variation and stress programs, and suggest plastic adaptive responses to cope with herbivory. The transcriptional profiles of specialized metabolism shown here reveal complex genetic control of plant metabolism and contribute to understanding the molecular basis of adaptations and the physiological variation of significant ecological traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Kariñho Betancourt
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad Morelia, UNAM Morelia Mexico
- Laboratorio de Genética Ecológica y Evolución Instituto de Ecología, UNAM Ciudad de México Mexico
| | | | - Rosalinda Tapia López
- Laboratorio de Evolución Molecular y Experimental Instituto de Ecología, UNAM Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Ivan De-la-Cruz
- Department of Plant Protection Biology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Alnarp Sweden
| | - Juan Núñez Farfán
- Laboratorio de Genética Ecológica y Evolución Instituto de Ecología, UNAM Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Ken Oyama
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad Morelia, UNAM Morelia Mexico
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Wang X, Yang S, Sun J, Chen G, Wen Y, Yang J, Nie X, Liu C. Metabolomics Reveals the Response Mechanisms of Potato Tubers to Light Exposure and Wounding during Storage and Cooking Processes. Foods 2024; 13:308. [PMID: 38254610 PMCID: PMC10814798 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Potato is susceptible to light exposure and wounding during harvesting and transportation. However, the metabolite profile changes in these potato tubers are unclear. The potato cultivars in this study included Hezuo88 (HZ88), Shida6 (SD6), and Jianchuanhong (JCH); the effects of light exposure (L), wounding (W), and the cooking process on potato metabolites were determined. In total, 973 metabolites were identified, with differential metabolites (mainly alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids) accumulated on days 0 and 2 (0 d and 2 d) in the 0dHZ88 vs. 0dJCH (189), 0dHZ88 vs. 0dSD6 (147), 0dSD6 vs. 0dJCH (91), 0dJCH vs. 2dIJCH (151), 0dJCH vs. 2dWDJCH (250), 0dJCH vs. 2dWLJCH (255), 2dIJCH vs. 2dWDJCH (234), and 2dIJCH vs. 2dWLJCH (292) groups. The flavonoid content in the light exposure group was higher than that in the dark group. The alkaloid content in the wounded group was higher than that in the uninjured potato tuber group, but the lipid content in the wounded group was lower. Importantly, only 5.54% of the metabolites changed after potato tuber steaming. These results provide valuable information for the breeding and consumption of potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences, Kunming 650033, China
| | - Shuiyan Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences, Kunming 650033, China
| | - Jinghan Sun
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences, Kunming 650033, China
| | - Guoyan Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences, Kunming 650033, China
| | - Yunman Wen
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences, Kunming 650033, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences, Kunming 650033, China
| | - Xuheng Nie
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences, Kunming 650033, China
| | - Chao Liu
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Fruit Wine, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
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Merino I, Guasca AO, Krmela A, Arif U, Ali A, Westerberg E, Jalmi SK, Hajslova J, Schulzova V, Sitbon F. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses identify external conditions and key genes underlying high levels of toxic glycoalkaloids in tubers of stress-sensitive potato cultivars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1210850. [PMID: 37860257 PMCID: PMC10582707 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1210850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Introduction High levels of toxic steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) in potato tubers constitute a recognized food quality problem. Tuber SGA levels vary between potato cultivars and can increase after post-harvest stresses such as wounding and light exposure. A few cultivars, e.g., 'Magnum Bonum' and 'Lenape,' have been withdrawn from commercial sales due to excessive SGA levels during some cultivation years. However, these sudden SGA increases are diffucult to predict, and their causes are not understood. To identify external and genetic factors that underlie sudden SGA increases in certain potato cultivars, we have here in a 2-year study investigated 'Magnum Bonum' and five additional table potato cultivars for their SGA levels after wounding and light exposure. Results and methods Results showed that 'Magnum Bonum' has an unusual strong SGA response to light exposure, but not to wounding, whereas 'Bintje' displayed an opposite regulation. Levels of calystegine alkaloids were not significantly altered by treatments, implicating independent metabolic regulation of SGA and calystegine levels also under conditions of high SGA accumulation. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses identified a small number of key genes whose expression correlated with SGA differences between cultivars. Overexpression of two key genes in transgenic low-SGA potato cultivars increased their leaf SGA levels significantly. Discussion The results show that a strong response to light can underlie the SGA peaks that occasionally occur in certain potato cultivars and indicate that a between-cultivar variation in the expression of single SGA key genes can account for cultivar SGA differerences. We propose that current attempts to mitigate the SGA hazard will benefit from an increased consideration of cultivar-dependent SGA responses to post-harvest conditions, particularly light exposure. The identified key SGA genes can now be used as a molecular tool in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Merino
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Olarte Guasca
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ales Krmela
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Usman Arif
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ashfaq Ali
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), SciLifeLab at Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erik Westerberg
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Siddhi Kashinanth Jalmi
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jana Hajslova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vera Schulzova
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Folke Sitbon
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
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Nicolao R, Gaiero P, Castro CM, Heiden G. Solanum malmeanum, a promising wild relative for potato breeding. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1046702. [PMID: 36891130 PMCID: PMC9986444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1046702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Crop wild relatives are gaining increasing attention. Their use in plant breeding is essential to broaden the genetic basis of crops as well as to meet industrial demands, for global food security and sustainable production. Solanum malmeanum (Solanum sect. Petota, Solanaceae) is a wild relative of potatoes (S. tuberosum) from Southern South America, occurring in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. This wild potato has been largely mistaken for or historically considered as conspecific with S. commersonii. Recently, it was reinstated at the species level. Retrieving information on its traits and applied uses is challenging, because the species name has not always been applied correctly and also because species circumscriptions and morphological criteria applied to recognize it have not been consistent. To overcome these difficulties, we performed a thorough literature reference survey, herbaria specimens' identification revision and genebank database queries to review and update the information available on this potato wild relative, contributing to an increase in research on it to fully understand and explore its potential for potato breeding. Scarce studies have been carried out concerning its reproductive biology, resistance against pests and diseases as well as tolerance to abiotic stresses and evaluation of quality traits. The scattered information available makes it less represented in genebanks and genetic studies are missing. We compile, update and present available information for S. malmeanum on taxonomy, geographical distribution, ecology, reproductive biology, relationship with its closest relatives, biotic and abiotic stresses resistance and quality traits and discuss ways to overcome sexual barriers of hybridization and future perspectives for its use in potato breeding. As a final remark, we highlight that this species' potential uses have been neglected and must be unlocked. Thus, further studies on morphological and genetic variability with molecular tools are fundamental for an efficient conservation and applied use of this promising genetic resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Nicolao
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia/Fitomelhoramento - Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Paola Gaiero
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Caroline M. Castro
- Laboratório de Recursos Genéticos, Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Heiden
- Laboratório de Recursos Genéticos, Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Glycoalkaloid Composition and Flavonoid Content as Driving Forces of Phytotoxicity in Diploid Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021657. [PMID: 36675181 PMCID: PMC9863746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their advantages, biotechnological and omic techniques have not been applied often to characterize phytotoxicity in depth. Here, we show the distribution of phytotoxicity and glycoalkaloid content in a diploid potato population and try to clarify the source of variability of phytotoxicity among plants whose leaf extracts have a high glycoalkaloid content against the test plant species, mustard. Six glycoalkaloids were recognized in the potato leaf extracts: solasonine, solamargine, α-solanine, α-chaconine, leptinine I, and leptine II. The glycoalkaloid profiles of the progeny of the group with high phytotoxicity differed from those of the progeny of the group with low phytotoxicity, which stimulated mustard growth. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the upregulated flavonol synthase/flavonone 3-hydroxylase-like gene was expressed in the progeny of the low phytotoxicity group, stimulating plant growth. We concluded that the metabolic shift among potato progeny may be a source of different physiological responses in mustard. The composition of glycoalkaloids, rather than the total glycoalkaloid content itself, in potato leaf extracts, may be a driving force of phytotoxicity. We suggest that, in addition to glycoalkaloids, other metabolites may shape phytotoxicity, and we assume that these metabolites may be flavonoids.
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Phenotypic, molecular and biochemical evaluation of somatic hybrids between Solanum tuberosum and S. bulbocastanum. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4484. [PMID: 35296723 PMCID: PMC8927101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08424-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic hybridization has been frequently used to overcome sexual incompatibility between potato and its secondary germplasm. The primary objective of this study was to produce and evaluate somatic hybrids of Solanum tuberosum (Stub) and S. bulbocastanum (Sblb) for breeding purposes. In 2007, 23 somatic hybrids were produced using an electrofusion of mesophyll protoplasts of diploid (2n = 2x = 24) potato line StubDH165 and S. bulbocastanum PI24351 (Sblb66). Phenotype of somatic hybrids in field conditions were evaluated, together with constitution and stability of 30 nuclear (ncSSR) and 27 cytoplasmic (cpSSR) microsatellite markers and content of main glycoalkaloids. All somatic hybrids had very high field resistance against late blight, but the plants were infertile: the viability of pollen grains insignificantly varied between 0.58 and 8.97%. A significant somaclonal variation was observed in terms of the morphology of plants, the date of emergence, the quantity of harvested tubers, the content of glycoalkaloids in foliage, and nuclear microsatellite markers (ncSSR). The analysis of ncSSR identified five distinct genotypes of hybrids partly associated with phenotype variations. The process of somatic hybridization with regeneration of shoots was identified as the most likely source of somaclonal variation because the ncSSR genotypes of hybrids, which were maintained in vitro, remained stable for more than 10 years. The infertile somatic hybrids have no practical breeding potential, but they are considered very suitable for advanced studies of the differential expression of genes in the pathways linked to dormancy of tubers and synthesis of glycoalkaloids.
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8
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Shen DD, Hua YP, Huang JY, Yu ST, Wu TB, Zhang Y, Chen HL, Yue CP. Multiomic Analysis Reveals Core Regulatory Mechanisms underlying Steroidal Glycoalkaloid Metabolism in Potato Tubers. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:415-426. [PMID: 34951540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) present in germinated potato tubers are toxic; however, the mechanisms underlying SGA metabolism are poorly understood. Therefore, integrated transcriptome, metabolome, and hormone analyses were performed in this study to identify and characterize the key regulatory genes, metabolites, and phytohormones related to glycoalkaloid regulation. Based on transcriptome sequencing of bud eyes of germinated and dormant potato tubers, a total of 6260 differentially expressed genes were identified, which were mainly responsible for phytohormone signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Two TCP14 genes were identified as the core transcription factors that potentially regulate SGA synthesis. Metabolite analysis indicated that 149 significantly different metabolites were detected, and they were enriched in metabolic and biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites. In these pathways, the α-solanine content was increased and the expression of genes related to glycoalkaloid biosynthesis was upregulated. Levels of gibberellin and jasmonic acid were increased, whereas that of abscisic acid was decreased. This study lays a foundation for investigating the biosynthesis and regulation of SGAs and provides the reference for the production and consumption of potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Shen
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying-Peng Hua
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jin-Yong Huang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shu-Ting Yu
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tai-Bo Wu
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yannning Zhang
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huan-Li Chen
- Zhengzhou Vegetable Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Cai-Peng Yue
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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9
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Zheng Z, Ye G, Zhou Y, Pu X, Su W, Wang J. Editing sterol side chain reductase 2 gene (StSSR2) via CRISPR/Cas9 reduces the total steroidal glycoalkaloids in potato. ALL LIFE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2021.1925358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zheng
- Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Potato in Northwest Region, Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangji Ye
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Potato in Northwest Region, Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Potato in Northwest Region, Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuqin Pu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Potato in Northwest Region, Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wang Su
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Potato in Northwest Region, Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Potato in Northwest Region, Ministry of Education, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Hellmann H, Goyer A, Navarre DA. Antioxidants in Potatoes: A Functional View on One of the Major Food Crops Worldwide. Molecules 2021; 26:2446. [PMID: 33922183 PMCID: PMC8122721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With a growing world population, accelerating climate changes, and limited arable land, it is critical to focus on plant-based resources for sustainable food production. In addition, plants are a cornucopia for secondary metabolites, of which many have robust antioxidative capacities and are beneficial for human health. Potato is one of the major food crops worldwide, and is recognized by the United Nations as an excellent food source for an increasing world population. Potato tubers are rich in a plethora of antioxidants with an array of health-promoting effects. This review article provides a detailed overview about the biosynthesis, chemical and health-promoting properties of the most abundant antioxidants in potato tubers, including several vitamins, carotenoids and phenylpropanoids. The dietary contribution of diverse commercial and primitive cultivars are detailed and document that potato contributes much more than just complex carbohydrates to the diet. Finally, the review provides insights into the current and future potential of potato-based systems as tools and resources for healthy and sustainable food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjo Hellmann
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Aymeric Goyer
- Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR 97838, USA;
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11
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Pacifico D, Lanzanova C, Pagnotta E, Bassolino L, Mastrangelo AM, Marone D, Matteo R, Lo Scalzo R, Balconi C. Sustainable Use of Bioactive Compounds from Solanum Tuberosum and Brassicaceae Wastes and by-Products for Crop Protection-A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:2174. [PMID: 33918886 PMCID: PMC8070479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Defatted seed meals of oleaginous Brassicaceae, such as Eruca sativa, and potato peel are excellent plant matrices to recover potentially useful biomolecules from industrial processes in a circular strategy perspective aiming at crop protection. These biomolecules, mainly glycoalkaloids and phenols for potato and glucosinolates for Brassicaceae, have been proven to be effective against microbes, fungi, nematodes, insects, and even parasitic plants. Their role in plant protection is overviewed, together with the molecular basis of their synthesis in plant, and the description of their mechanisms of action. Possible genetic and biotechnological strategies are presented to increase their content in plants. Genetic mapping and identification of closely linked molecular markers are useful to identify the loci/genes responsible for their accumulation and transfer them to elite cultivars in breeding programs. Biotechnological approaches can be used to modify their allelic sequence and enhance the accumulation of the bioactive compounds. How the global challenges, such as reducing agri-food waste and increasing sustainability and food safety, could be addressed through bioprotector applications are discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pacifico
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Chiara Lanzanova
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Eleonora Pagnotta
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Laura Bassolino
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Anna Maria Mastrangelo
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Daniela Marone
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Matteo
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Lo Scalzo
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, 00198 Rome, Italy;
| | - Carlotta Balconi
- CREA Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.L.); (E.P.); (L.B.); (A.M.M.); (D.M.); (C.B.); (R.M.)
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12
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Zhao DK, Zhao Y, Chen SY, Kennelly EJ. Solanum steroidal glycoalkaloids: structural diversity, biological activities, and biosynthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1423-1444. [DOI: 10.1039/d1np00001b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemical structures of typical Solanum steroidal glycoalkaloids from eggplant, tomato, and potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Ke Zhao
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease and Pest, Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, School of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, 10468, USA
- PhD Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Sui-Yun Chen
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease and Pest, Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, School of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China
| | - Edward J. Kennelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, 10468, USA
- PhD Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, 10016, USA
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13
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Lange I, Lange BM, Navarre DA. Altering potato isoprenoid metabolism increases biomass and induces early flowering. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4109-4124. [PMID: 32296842 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Isoprenoids constitute the largest class of plant natural products and have diverse biological functions including in plant growth and development. In potato (Solanum tuberosum), the regulatory mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of isoprenoids through the mevalonate pathway is unclear. We assessed the role of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) homologs in potato development and in the metabolic regulation of isoprenoid biosynthesis by generating transgenic lines with down-regulated expression (RNAi-hmgr) or overexpression (OE) of one (StHMGR1 or StHMGR3) or two genes, HMGR and farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPS; StHMGR1/StFPS1 or StHMGR3/StFPS1). Levels of sterols, steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs), and plastidial isoprenoids were elevated in the OE-HMGR1, OE-HMGR1/FPS1, and OE-HMGR3/FPS1 lines, and these plants exhibited early flowering, increased stem height, increased biomass, and increased total tuber weight. However, OE-HMGR3 lines showed dwarfism and had the highest sterol amounts, but without an increase in SGA levels, supporting a rate-limiting role for HMGR3 in the accumulation of sterols. Potato RNAi-hmgr lines showed inhibited growth and reduced cytosolic isoprenoid levels. We also determined the relative importance of transcriptional control at regulatory points of isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis by assessing gene-metabolite correlations. These findings provide novel insights into specific end-products of the sterol pathway and could be important for crop yield and bioenergy crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Lange
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and M.J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - B Markus Lange
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and M.J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Duroy A Navarre
- Washington State University/IAREC, Prosser, WA, USA
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Prosser, WA, USA
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14
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Okamoto H, Ducreux LJM, Allwood JW, Hedley PE, Wright A, Gururajan V, Terry MJ, Taylor MA. Light Regulation of Chlorophyll and Glycoalkaloid Biosynthesis During Tuber Greening of Potato S. tuberosum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:753. [PMID: 32760410 PMCID: PMC7372192 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Potato, S. tuberosum, is one of the most important global crops, but has high levels of waste due to tuber greening under light, which is associated with the accumulation of neurotoxic glycoalkaloids. However, unlike the situation in de-etiolating seedlings, the mechanisms underlying tuber greening are not well understood. Here, we have investigated the effect of monochromatic blue, red, and far-red light on the regulation of chlorophyll and glycoalkaloid accumulation in potato tubers. Blue and red wavelengths were effective for induction and accumulation of chlorophyll, carotenoids and the two major potato glycoalkaloids, α-solanine and α-chaconine, whereas none of these accumulated in darkness or under far-red light. Key genes in chlorophyll biosynthesis (HEMA1, encoding the rate-limiting enzyme glutamyl-tRNA reductase, GSA, CHLH and GUN4) and six genes (HMG1, SQS, CAS1, SSR2, SGT1 and SGT2) required for glycoalkaloid synthesis were also induced under white, blue, and red light but not in darkness or under far-red light. These data suggest a role for both cryptochrome and phytochrome photoreceptors in chlorophyll and glycoalkaloid accumulation. The contribution of phytochrome was further supported by the observation that far-red light could inhibit white light-induced chlorophyll and glycoalkaloid accumulation and associated gene expression. Transcriptomic analysis of tubers exposed to white, blue, and red light showed that light induction of photosynthesis and tetrapyrrole-related genes grouped into three distinct groups with one group showing a generally progressive induction by light at both 6 h and 24 h, a second group showing induction at 6 h in all light treatments, but induction only by red and white light at 24 h and a third showing just a very moderate light induction at 6 h which was reduced to the dark control level at 24 h. All glycoalkaloid synthesis genes showed a group one profile consistent with what was seen for the most light regulated chlorophyll synthesis genes. Our data provide a molecular framework for developing new approaches to reducing waste due to potato greening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Okamoto
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - J. William Allwood
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Pete E. Hedley
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Wright
- Branston Ltd., Lincoln, United Kingdom
- B-hive Innovations Ltd., Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Vidyanath Gururajan
- Branston Ltd., Lincoln, United Kingdom
- B-hive Innovations Ltd., Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Terry
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A. Taylor
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
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15
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Szeliga M, Ciura J, Tyrka M. Representational Difference Analysis of Transcripts Involved in Jervine Biosynthesis. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10060088. [PMID: 32575579 PMCID: PMC7344996 DOI: 10.3390/life10060088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Veratrum-type steroidal alkaloids (VSA) are the major bioactive ingredients that strongly determine the pharmacological activities of Veratrum nigrum. Biosynthesis of VSA at the molecular and genetic levels is not well understood. Next-generation sequencing of representational difference analysis (RDA) products after elicitation and precursor feeding was applied to identify candidate genes involved in VSA biosynthesis. A total of 12,048 contigs with a median length of 280 bases were received in three RDA libraries obtained after application of methyl jasmonate, squalene and cholesterol. The comparative analysis of annotated sequences was effective in identifying candidate genes. GABAT2 transaminase and hydroxylases active at C-22, C-26, C-11, and C-16 positions in late stages of jervine biosynthesis were selected. Moreover, genes coding pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase and enzymes from the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases family (SDR) associated with the reduction reactions of the VSA biosynthesis process were proposed. The data collected contribute to better understanding of jervine biosynthesis and may accelerate implementation of biotechnological methods of VSA biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szeliga
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6 Ave, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (J.C.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Joanna Ciura
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6 Ave, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (J.C.); (M.T.)
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mirosław Tyrka
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6 Ave, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (J.C.); (M.T.)
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16
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Eshaghi M, Shiran B, Fallahi H, Ravash R, Đeri BB. Identification of genes involved in steroid alkaloid biosynthesis in Fritillaria imperialis via de novo transcriptomics. Genomics 2019; 111:1360-1372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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17
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Zhang W, Zuo C, Chen Z, Kang Y, Qin S. RNA Sequencing Reveals That Both Abiotic and Biotic Stress-Responsive Genes are Induced during Expression of Steroidal Glycoalkaloid in Potato Tuber Subjected to Light Exposure. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E920. [PMID: 31718041 PMCID: PMC6896166 DOI: 10.3390/genes10110920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs), which are widely produced by potato, even in other Solanaceae plants, are a class of potentially toxic compounds, but are beneficial to host resistance. However, changes of the other metabolic process along with SGA accumulation are still poorly understood and researched. Based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics analysis, the global gene expression profiles of potato variety Helan 15 (Favorita) was investigated at four-time points during light exposure. The data was further verified by using quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). When compared to the control group, 1288, 1592, 1737, and 1870 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected at 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 8 d, respectively. The results of both RNAseq and qRT-PCR showed that SGA biosynthetic genes were up-regulated in the potato tuber under light exposure. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that genes related to PS light reaction and Protein degradation were significantly enriched in most time points of light exposure. Additionally, enriched Bins included Receptor kinases, Secondary metabolic process in flavonoids, Abiotic stress, and Biotic stress in the early stage of light exposure, but PS Calvin cycle, RNA regulation of transcription, and UDP glucosyl and glucoronyl transferases in the later stage. Most of the DEGs involved in PS light reaction and Abiotic stress were up-regulated at all four time points, whereas DEGs that participated in biotic stresses were mainly up-regulated at the later stage (48 h and 8 d). Cis-element prediction and co-expression assay were used to confirm the expressional correlation between genes that are responsible for SGA biosynthesis and disease resistance. In conclusion, the expressions of genes involved in PS light reaction, Abiotic stress, and Biotic stress were obviously aroused during the accumulation of SGAs induced by light exposure. Moreover, an increased defense response might contribute to the potato resistance to the infection by phytopathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.Z.); (C.Z.); (Y.K.)
| | - Cunwu Zuo
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.Z.); (C.Z.); (Y.K.)
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Yichen Kang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.Z.); (C.Z.); (Y.K.)
| | - Shuhao Qin
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.Z.); (C.Z.); (Y.K.)
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18
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Nie X, Li C, Zhang G, Shao Z, Wang X, Shi H, Guo H. Light exposure and wounding: synergistic effects on steroidal glycoalkaloid accumulation in potato tubers during storage. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuheng Nie
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences Kunming 650033 China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650051 China
| | - Caixia Li
- School of Chemistry, Biology & Environment Yuxi Normal University Yuxi 653100 China
| | - Guanghai Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650051 China
| | - Zhiling Shao
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences Kunming 650033 China
| | - Xin Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences Kunming 650033 China
| | - Han Shi
- Yunnan Provincial Academy of Food and Oil Sciences Kunming 650033 China
| | - Huachun Guo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650051 China
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19
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Phytosterols and their derivatives: Structural diversity, distribution, metabolism, analysis, and health-promoting uses. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 70:35-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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