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Wang L, Li X, Chen J, Lu J, Chovelon JM, Zhang C, Ji Y. Ketoprofen products induced photosensitization of sulfonamide antibiotics: The cocktail effects of pharmaceutical mixtures on their photodegradation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123458. [PMID: 38290656 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Indirect photolysis induced by naturally occurring sensitizers constitutes an important pathway accounting for the transformation and fate of many recalcitrant micropollutants in sunlit surface waters. However, the photochemical transformation of micropollutants by photosensitizing pharmaceuticals has been less investigated. In this study, we demonstrated that the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen (KTF) and its photoproducts, 3-acetylbenzophenone (AcBP) and 3-ethylbenzophenone (EtBP), could sensitize the photodegradation of coexisting sulfonamide antibiotics, e.g., sulfamethoxazole (SMX), under artificial 365 nm ultraviolet (UV) and sunlight irradiation. Key reactive species including triplet excited state and singlet oxygen (1O2) responsible for photosensitization were identified by laser flash photolysis (LFP) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques, respectively. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and structure-related reactivity analyses revealed that the sensitized photolysis of SMX occurred mainly through single electron transfer. The rate constants of sulfonamides sensitized by AcBP photolysis followed the order of sulfisoxazole (SIX)>sulfathiazole (STZ)>SMX>sulfamethizole (SMT). Exposure to sunlight also enhanced the photolysis of SMX in the presence of KTF or AcBP, and water matrix had limited impact on such process. Overall, our results reveal the feasibility and mechanistic aspects of photosensitization of coexisting contaminants by pharmaceuticals (or their photoproducts) and provide new insights into the cocktail effects of pharmaceutical mixtures on their photochemical behaviors in aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoci Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Junhe Lu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jean-Marc Chovelon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Yuefei Ji
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Guo Y, Guo Z, Zhang L, Yoshimura C, Ye Z, Yu P, Qian Y, Hatano Y, Wang J, Niu J. Photodegradation of propranolol in surface waters: An important role of carbonate radical and enhancing toxicity phenomenon. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134106. [PMID: 35227754 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antihypertensive propranolol (PRO) is frequently detected in surface waters and has adverse effects on aquatic organisms. In this study, its photochemical fate in surface water with the aspect of kinetics, products and toxicity were investigated employing steady-state photochemistry experiments and ecotoxicity tests. The results showed that photodegradation of PRO was enhanced in river water than that in phosphate buffer where dissolved organic matter (DOM), NO3-, and HCO3- played important roles. DOM accelerated the photodegradation mainly through generation of excited triplet-state DOM while NO3- played dual roles in the photodegradation. The reaction between excited triplet-state PRO and HCO3- can generate carbonate radical (CO3·-) to promote the photodegradation. The second-order reaction rate constant between PRO and CO3·- was determined to be (3.4 ± 0.8) × 108 M-1 s-1. Eight photodegradation products were identified in the studied river water sample. Finally, the toxicity evaluated by Vibrio fischeri increased after photodegradation and three photodegradation products were responsible for the increasing toxicity, which was concluded from the significant correlation between toxicity parameters and quantity of the photodegradation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Guo
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zhongyu Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Lilan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Chihiro Yoshimura
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Zimi Ye
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Yao Qian
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Yuta Hatano
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Jieqiong Wang
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Junfeng Niu
- School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
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Wang C, Xiong MC, Zhao X, Liu KH. Kinetics study on reaction of atenolol with singlet oxygen by directly monitoring the 1O2 phosphorescence. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ming-chen Xiong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Kun-hui Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Wang J, Wang K, Guo Y, Ye Z, Guo Z, Lei Y, Yang X, Zhang L, Niu J. Dichlorine radicals (Cl 2•-) promote the photodegradation of propranolol in estuarine and coastal waters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125536. [PMID: 33667804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Propranolol (PRO) is frequently detected in estuarine and coastal waters, which has adverse effects on estuarine and coastal ecosystems. In this study, the effects of halide ions and DOM from estuarine and coastal waters on the photochemical transformation of PRO were investigated. The results demonstrated that the presence of Br- alone exhibited slight effect on photochemical transformation of PRO, while photodegradation rates of PRO increased with the addition of 0.1-0.54 M Cl-. The quenching experiments and the laser flash photolysis experiments together demonstrated the generation of Cl2•- in the photolytic systems. Cl2•- is possibly produced through the charge separation of exciplex of 3PRO* and Cl- rather than via direct oxidation of Cl-. Additional experiments indicated that addition of seawater DOM inhibited the halide ions-sensitized photodegradation rates of PRO, which may be due to the quenching of Cl2•- by phenolic substances in DOM molecules. Compared with pure water, three new photochemical intermediates were identified in the presence of DOM or Cl-. The direct photolysis of PRO mainly reacted by hydroxyl additions, hydroxyl elimination and de-propylation, whereas electron transfer coupled with H-abstraction by Cl2•- and 3DOM* was proposed as the primary role for PRO degradation in the presence of Cl- or DOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Wang
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zimi Ye
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhongyu Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yu Lei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lilan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Junfeng Niu
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
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Yang Y, Cao Y, Jiang J, Lu X, Ma J, Pang S, Li J, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Guan C. Comparative study on degradation of propranolol and formation of oxidation products by UV/H 2O 2 and UV/persulfate (PDS). WATER RESEARCH 2019; 149:543-552. [PMID: 30502740 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The frequent detection of propranolol, a widely used β-blocker, in wastewater effluents and surface waters has raised serious concern, due to its adverse effects on organisms. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) processes are efficient in eliminating propranolol in various waters, but the formation of oxidation products in these processes, as well as the assessment of their toxicity, has not been systematically addressed. In this study, we identified and compared transformation products of propranolol produced by hydroxyl radical (•OH) and sulfate radical (SO4•-). The electrostatic attraction enhances the reaction between SO4•- and the protonated form of propranolol, while •OH shows non-selectivity toward both protonated and neutral propranolol species. The hydroxylation of propranolol by •OH occurs at either amine moiety or naphthalene group while SO4•- favors the oxidation of the electron-rich naphthalene group. Further oxidation by •OH and SO4•- results in ring-opening products. Bicarbonate and chloride exert no effect on propranolol degradation. The generation of CO3•- and Cl-containing radicals is favorable to oxidizing naphthalene group. The acute toxicity assay of Vibrio fischeri suggests that SO4•- generates more toxic products than •OH, while CO3•- and Cl-containing radicals produce similar toxicity as SO4•-. High concentrations of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 increase the toxicity of treated solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Ying Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Xinglin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Suyan Pang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yongze Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Chaoting Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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7
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Peng N, Wang K, Lin S, Wu L. Effects of inorganic ions on the photolysis of propranolol in FA solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:26069-26078. [PMID: 29968220 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Photolysis of the widely used beta-blocker propranolol (PRO) was investigated in the presence of fulvic acid (FA) and inorganic ions under simulated solar irradiation. PRO undergoes direct photolysis proceeding mainly via degradation of the triplet excited state, 3PRO*. FA and inorganic ions inhibited photolysis of PRO in the order of FA > Fe3+ > Cl- > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > NO3- > K+. An antagonistic effect between FA and inorganic ions toward the suppression of PRO photolysis was exhibited. The binding behaviors of PRO, FA, and inorganic ions were examined through fluorescence quenching experiments, which showed that inorganic ions affected the binding between FA and PRO through competing for the binding sites of FA or PRO. The correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between the binding constant (KOC) of FA-PRO and the inhibition rate of FA on PRO photolysis. The observed rate constants of photolysis (kobs) have opposite correlations with the concentration of singlet oxygen (1O2). These findings strongly suggest that inorganic ions decrease the inhibition effect of FA on PRO photolysis via restraining the complexation of FA-PRO and production of 1O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Peng
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, China
| | - Kaifeng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, China.
| | - Siwu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, China
| | - Libin Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, China
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Menz J, Toolaram AP, Rastogi T, Leder C, Olsson O, Kümmerer K, Schneider M. Transformation products in the water cycle and the unsolved problem of their proactive assessment: A combined in vitro/in silico approach. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 98:171-180. [PMID: 27855972 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Transformation products (TPs) emerging from incomplete degradation of micropollutants in aquatic systems can retain the biological activity of the parent compound, or may even possess new unexpected toxic properties. The chemical identities of these substances remain largely unknown, and consequently, the risks caused by their presence in the water cycle cannot be assessed thoroughly. In this study, a combined approach for the proactive identification of hazardous elements in the chemical structures of TPs, comprising analytical, bioanalytical and computational methods, was assessed by the example of the pharmaceutically active micropollutant propranolol (PPL). PPL was photo-transformed using ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and 115 newly formed TPs were monitored in the reaction mixtures by LC-MS analysis. The reaction mixtures were screened for emerging effects using a battery of in vitro bioassays and the occurrence of cytotoxic and mutagenic activities in bacteria was found to be significantly correlated with the occurrence of specific TPs during the treatment process. The follow-up analysis of structure-activity-relationships further illustrated that only small chemical transformations, such as the hydroxylation or the oxidative opening of an aromatic ring system, could substantially alter the biological effects of micropollutants in aquatic systems. In conclusion, more efforts should be made to prevent the occurrence and transformation of micropollutants in the water cycle and to identify the principal degradation pathways leading to their toxicological activation. With regard to the latter, the judicious combination of bioanalytical and computational tools represents an appealing approach that should be developed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Menz
- Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Scharnhorststr. 1/C13, DE-21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
| | - Anju Priya Toolaram
- Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Scharnhorststr. 1/C13, DE-21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
| | - Tushar Rastogi
- Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Scharnhorststr. 1/C13, DE-21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
| | - Christoph Leder
- Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Scharnhorststr. 1/C13, DE-21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
| | - Oliver Olsson
- Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Scharnhorststr. 1/C13, DE-21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
| | - Klaus Kümmerer
- Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Scharnhorststr. 1/C13, DE-21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
| | - Mandy Schneider
- Sustainable Chemistry and Material Resources, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Scharnhorststr. 1/C13, DE-21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
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Makunina MP, Pozdnyakov IP, Chen Y, Grivin VP, Bazhin NM, Plyusnin VF. Mechanistic study of fulvic acid assisted propranolol photodegradation in aqueous solution. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 119:1406-1410. [PMID: 25455674 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Laser flash (355 nm) and stationary (365 nm) photolysis were used to study the mechanisms of propranolol photolysis in the presence of fulvic acid in aqueous solutions. The FA-assisted photodegradation of propranolol was observed using UV-A irradiation (where propranolol is stable). Direct evidence indicated that the photodegradation resulted from the static quenching of the FA triplet state by propranolol via the electron transfer mechanism. The triplet state yield (ϕT≈0.6%) and the T-T absorption coefficient (ɛT(620 nm)≈5×10(4) M(-1) cm(-1)) were estimated for the first time by modeling the yields of the FA triplet state in the presence of propranolol. Thus, fulvic acid is a promising agent for accelerating propranolol photodegradation in aqueous solutions under UV-A light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Makunina
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya str. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan P Pozdnyakov
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya str. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Vyacheslav P Grivin
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya str. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay M Bazhin
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya str. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Victor F Plyusnin
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Institutskaya str. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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Kim H, Kim W, Mackeyev Y, Lee GS, Kim HJ, Tachikawa T, Hong S, Lee S, Kim J, Wilson LJ, Majima T, Alvarez PJJ, Choi W, Lee J. Selective oxidative degradation of organic pollutants by singlet oxygen-mediated photosensitization: tin porphyrin versus C60 aminofullerene systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:9606-13. [PMID: 22852818 DOI: 10.1021/es301775k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the potential application of tin porphyrin- and C(60) aminofullerene-derivatized silica (SnP/silica and aminoC(60)/silica) as (1)O(2) generating systems for photochemical degradation of organic pollutants. Photosensitized (1)O(2) production with SnP/silica, which was faster than with aminoC(60)/silica, effectively oxidized a variety of pharmaceuticals. Significant degradation of pharmaceuticals in the presence of the 400-nm UV cutoff filter corroborated visible light activation of both photosensitizers. Whereas the efficacy of aminoC(60)/silica for (1)O(2) production drastically decreased under irradiation with λ > 550 nm, Q-band absorption caused negligible loss of the photosensitizing activity of SnP/silica in the long wavelength region. Faster destruction of phenolates by SnP/silica and aminoC(60)/silica under alkaline pH conditions further implicated (1)O(2) involvement in the oxidative degradation. Direct charge transfer mediated by SnP, which was inferred from nanosecond laser flash photolysis, induced significant degradation of neutral phenols under high power light irradiation. Self-sensitized destruction caused gradual activity loss of SnP/silica in reuse tests unlike aminoC(60)/silica. The kinetic comparison of SnP/silica and TiO(2) photocatalyst in real wastewater effluents showed that photosensitized singlet oxygenation of pharmaceuticals was still efficiently achieved in the presence of background organic matters, while significant interference was observed for photocatalyzed oxidation involving non-selective OH radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heechan Kim
- Water Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea
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Alonso R, Jiménez MC, Miranda MA. Stereodifferentiation in the Compartmentalized Photooxidation of a Protein-Bound Anthracene. Org Lett 2011; 13:3860-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201209h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Alonso
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Consuelo Jiménez
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Miranda
- Departamento de Química/Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain
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12
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Pérez-Ruiz R, Alonso R, Nuin E, Andreu I, Jiménez MC, Miranda MA. Naphthalene Triplet Excited State as a Probe for the Assessment of Drug Distribution in Binary Protein Systems. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:4460-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp111760j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Pérez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Alonso
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Edurne Nuin
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Consuelo Jiménez
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Miranda
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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13
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Nuin E, Andreu I, Torres MJ, Jiménez M.C, Miranda MA. Enhanced Photosafety of Cinacalcet upon Complexation with Serum Albumin. J Phys Chem B 2010; 115:1158-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1069576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edurne Nuin
- Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - M. José Torres
- Allergy Service, Research Laboratory, Carlos Haya Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - M .Consuelo Jiménez
- Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Miranda
- Departamento de Química-Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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14
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Piram A, Salvador A, Verne C, Herbreteau B, Faure R. Photolysis of beta-blockers in environmental waters. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 73:1265-71. [PMID: 18774584 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2007] [Revised: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 07/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Many drugs such as beta-blockers have been shown to occur in aquatic environments. Even if adequate ecotoxicity data are not available, it is of primary importance to get informations about their fate in environmental waters, particularly about their photofate in sewage treatment plant effluents (STP). The main difficulties when studying pharmaceutical photochemical behaviour in environmental waters, are linked to the very low environmentally relevant concentrations (ng L(-1) to microg L(-1)) which can generate problems in terms of analytical sensitivity. Moreover, the complexity of environmental matrices can modify micropollutants degradation kinetics. The photodegradation of beta-blockers has been compared at two concentration levels (10 microg L(-1) and 10 mg L(-1)) and in two different matrices (pure water and STP effluent). It has been shown that the concentration does not influence beta-blockers degradation pathways, thus allowing the identification of degradation compounds using the 10 mg L(-1) solutions. Although environmental waters speed up the degradation process, the same photoproducts were appeared in both matrices. Using LC-MS/MS, hydroxyl radical additions have been identified as an important degradation pathway for especially pindolol, propranolol and timolol, leading to several positional isomers, corresponding to mono-, di- or tri-hydroxylations. Kinetics of appearance/disappearance of these photoproducts have been studied in STP effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Piram
- Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France
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Liu QT, Williams HE. Kinetics and degradation products for direct photolysis of beta-blockers in water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2007; 41:803-10. [PMID: 17328186 DOI: 10.1021/es0616130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Related to improving persistence assessment of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), direct aqueous photolysis of beta-blockers: propranolol (hydrochloride salt), atenolol, and metoprolol (succinate salt) were investigated by exposing the samples (0.0003-10 mg L(-1)) to a solar irradiator (filtered xenon lamp: 290-800 nm) at 20-26 degrees C. Results suggested that direct photolysis in optically dilute solutions followed pseudo first-order kinetics. The measured half-lives of propranolol, atenolol, and metoprolol were approximately 16, 350, and 630 h, respectively. These were 3-5 orders of magnitude slower than the estimated minimum half-lives. The measured half-lives were related to day light surface conditions by comparing the light intensity of the lamp and the sun at different latitudes and seasons. Major direct photolysis products were identified from propranolol that led to a proposed reaction pathway, involving ring oxidation, rearrangement, and deoxygenation. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy results confirmed that at least one carbon-based radical intermediate was formed during the direct photolysis of propranolol in aqueous solutions. The overall results demonstrated that with fast direct photolysis half-lives, propranolol is unlikely to be persistent in natural waters. Further work is needed to investigate indirect photolysis of atenolol and metoprolol in surface waters in order to understand the overall persistence of these APIs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Tao Liu
- AstraZeneca UK Ltd. Global Safety Health and Environment, Brixham Environmental Laboratory, Brixham, Devon, UK.
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Uwai K, Tani M, Ohtake Y, Abe S, Maruko A, Chiba T, Hamaya Y, Ohkubo Y, Takeshita M. Photodegradation products of propranolol: The structures and pharmacological studies. Life Sci 2005; 78:357-65. [PMID: 16112140 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2004] [Accepted: 04/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, single-dose drug packaging systems, allowing the administration of multiple drugs in a single pill, have become popular for the convenience of the patient. The quality of drugs and an accurate measurement of their photostabilities within this system, however, have not been carefully addressed. Drugs that are unstable in light should be carefully handled to protect their potency and ensure their safety. Propranolol (1), a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist, is widely used for angina pectoris, arrhythmia, and hypertension. Due to its naphthalene skeleton, this drug may be both light unstable and a photosensitizing agent. In this study, we isolated three photodegraded products of propranolol (1): 1-naphthol (2), N-acetylpropranolol (3), and N-formylpropranolol (4). The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods and chemical syntheses. We also examined the acute toxicities of these substances in mice and their binding to beta-adrenergic receptors using rat cerebellum cortex membranes. Although the photoproducts isolated in this study did not exhibit any acute toxicity or significant binding to beta-adrenergic receptors, these results serve as a warning to single-dose packaging systems, as propranolol (1) must be handled carefully to protect the compound from light-induced degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Uwai
- Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, and Department of Pharmacy, Sendai Social Insurance Hospital, Sendai, Japan.
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Tarr M, Valenzeno DP. Singlet oxygen: the relevance of extracellular production mechanisms to oxidative stress in vivo. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2003; 2:355-61. [PMID: 12760529 DOI: 10.1039/b211778a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since the physiological relevance of 1O2 independent of photosensitization has been controversial, we review proposed reaction mechanisms for its extracellular production in vivo and discuss the relevance of this production to oxidative stress. We conclude that extracellular 1O2 production by the spontaneous dismutation of O2*- does have physiological relevance. Also, extracellular 1O2 production by the eosinophil peroxidase-H2O2-bromide system could have physiological relevance. As regards the other reactions discussed in this review, the evidence is not sufficient to warrant any conclusions as to the physiological relevance of these to extracellular 1O2 production. What is evident is that the microenvironment will have a significant influence on the success or failure of extracellular 1O2 production. To date, most demonstrations of 1O2 production by physiologically relevant mechanisms have used conditions that minimize competitive reactions. More research demonstrating how physiologically relevant competitive reactions influence extracellular 1O2 production is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merrill Tarr
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160 7401, USA.
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