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Gaeta M, Rodolico E, Fragalà ME, Pappalardo A, Pisagatti I, Gattuso G, Notti A, Parisi MF, Purrello R, D’Urso A. Self-Assembly of Discrete Porphyrin/Calix[4]tube Complexes Promoted by Potassium Ion Encapsulation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030704. [PMID: 33572895 PMCID: PMC7866244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pivotal role played by potassium ions in the noncovalent synthesis of discrete porphyrin-calixarene nanostructures has been examined. The flattened-cone conformation adopted by the two cavities of octa-cationic calix[4]tube C4T was found to prevent the formation of complexes with well-defined stoichiometry between this novel water-soluble calixarene and the tetra-anionic phenylsulfonate porphyrin CuTPPS. Conversely, preorganization of C4T into a C4v-symmetrical scaffold, triggered by potassium ion encapsulation (C4T@K+), allowed us to carry out an efficient hierarchical self-assembly process leading to 2D and 3D nanostructures. The stepwise formation of discrete CuTPPS/C4T@K+ noncovalent assemblies, containing up to 33 molecular elements, was conveniently monitored by UV/vis spectroscopy by following the absorbance of the porphyrin Soret band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.G.); (E.R.); (M.E.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Rodolico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.G.); (E.R.); (M.E.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Maria E. Fragalà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.G.); (E.R.); (M.E.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Pappalardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.G.); (E.R.); (M.E.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Ilenia Pisagatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Gattuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Anna Notti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.P.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.F.P.); (R.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Melchiorre F. Parisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.P.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.F.P.); (R.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Roberto Purrello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.G.); (E.R.); (M.E.F.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.F.P.); (R.P.); (A.D.)
| | - Alessandro D’Urso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.G.); (E.R.); (M.E.F.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (M.F.P.); (R.P.); (A.D.)
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2
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Hu L, Li K, Shang W, Zhu X, Liu M. Emerging Cubic Chirality in γCD‐MOF for Fabricating Circularly Polarized Luminescent Crystalline Materials and the Size Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Kun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Weili Shang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
- Department Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin China
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3
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Hu L, Li K, Shang W, Zhu X, Liu M. Emerging Cubic Chirality in γCD‐MOF for Fabricating Circularly Polarized Luminescent Crystalline Materials and the Size Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4953-4958. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Kun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Weili Shang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceKey Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences ZhongGuanCun North First Street 2 Beijing 100190 China
- Department Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin China
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Vonesch M, Wytko JA, Kitagishi H, Kano K, Weiss J. Modelling haemoproteins: porphyrins and cyclodextrins as sources of inspiration. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14558-14565. [PMID: 31748764 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07545c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The association of hydrophobic cavities with porphyrin derivatives has been used to mimic haemoprotein structures. The most employed cavity in this field is β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and scaffolds combining β-CDs and porphyrins are expected to inspire the combination of porphyrins and cucurbiturils in the near future. Aside from providing water solubility to various porphyrinic structures, the β-CD framework can also modulate and control the reactivity of the metal core of the porphyrin. After a general introduction of the challenges faced in the field of haemoprotein models and the binding behavior of β-CDs, this article will discuss covalent and non-covalent association of porphyrins with β-CDs. In each approach, the role of the CD differs according to the relative position of the concave CD host, either directly controlling the binding and transformation of a substrate on the metalloporphyrin or playing a dual role of controlling the water solubility and selecting the axial ligand of the metal core. The discussion will be of interest to the cucurbituril community as well as to the cavitand community, as the information provided should be useful for the design of haemoprotein mimics using cucurbiturils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Vonesch
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jennifer A Wytko
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Hiroaki Kitagishi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan.
| | - Koji Kano
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan.
| | - Jean Weiss
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000, Strasbourg, France.
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5
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D’Urso A, Marino N, Gaeta M, Rizzo MS, Cristaldi DA, Fragalà ME, Pappalardo S, Gattuso G, Notti A, Parisi MF, Pisagatti I, Purrello R. Porphyrin stacks as an efficient molecular glue to induce chirality in hetero-component calixarene–porphyrin assemblies. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00890b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins act as a sort of “molecular glue” in directional self-assembly of water-soluble multi-component porphyrin–calixarene architectures, allowing transfer of chirality to the supramolecular level.
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6
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Kishimoto K, Nakamura M, Kobayashi K. Doubly Cavitand-Capped Porphyrin Capsule by Hydrogen Bonds. Chemistry 2016; 22:2629-33. [PMID: 26728330 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The components of a 1:2 mixture of meso-tetrakis(4-dodecyl-3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (1) and a bowl-shaped tetrakis(4-pyridylethynyl)cavitand (2) in CDCl3 or C6 D6 self-assemble quantitatively into the doubly cavitand-capped porphyrin capsule 2⋅1⋅2 through eight ArOH⋅⋅⋅Npy hydrogen bonds. Capsule 2⋅1⋅2 possesses two cavities divided by the porphyrin ring and encapsulates two molecules of 1-acetoxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzene (G) as a guest to form G/G@(2⋅1⋅2). Remarkable solvent effect was observed, in which the apparent association constant of 2⋅1⋅2 with G in C6 D6 was much greater than that in CDCl3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kishimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Munechika Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Kenji Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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7
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Sun HL, Chen Y, Zhao J, Liu Y. Photocontrolled Reversible Conversion of Nanotube and Nanoparticle Mediated by β-Cyclodextrin Dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9376-80. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Sun HL, Chen Y, Zhao J, Liu Y. Photocontrolled Reversible Conversion of Nanotube and Nanoparticle Mediated by β-Cyclodextrin Dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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9
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Selective adsorption of L-TA/D-TA by β-cyclodextrin derivative modified with l-tryptophan: Isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamics studies. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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D'Urso A, Fragalà ME, Purrello R. From self-assembly to noncovalent synthesis of programmable porphyrins' arrays in aqueous solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:8165-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31856c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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11
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Hollingsworth JV, Richard AJ, Vicente MGH, Russo PS. Characterization of the Self-Assembly of meso-Tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (H2TPPS4–) in Aqueous Solutions. Biomacromolecules 2011; 13:60-72. [DOI: 10.1021/bm201078d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javoris V. Hollingsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular
Studies
Group, Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Allison J. Richard
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular
Studies
Group, Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular
Studies
Group, Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Paul S. Russo
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular
Studies
Group, Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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12
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Gu ZY, Guo DS, Sun M, Liu Y. Effective Enlargement of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer of Poly-Porphyrin Mediated by β-Cyclodextrin Dimers. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3600-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo100351f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Yi Gu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo Sun
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
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13
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Mosinger J, Slavetínská L, Lang K, Coufal P, Kubát P. Cyclodextrin carriers of positively charged porphyrin sensitizers. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:3797-804. [PMID: 19707685 DOI: 10.1039/b908772a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cationic sensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin (TMPyP) forms supramolecular complexes with native, per-methylated, sulfonated and dimethyl-sulfonated cyclodextrins (CDs). Binding interactions were proved by NMR, mass spectra, capillary zone electrophoresis, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The 2D-NMR experiments on native CDs indicate that the interaction of TMPyP with the external CD surface is the dominant binding mode. The high binding affinity of TMPyP towards sulfonated CDs is due to electrostatic interactions. Binding is accompanied by an increase of the TMPyP basicity. Whereas betaCD does not affect the lifetime of the TMPyP triplet states, binding with sulfonated CDs causes the protonation of the TMPyP triplet states even in neutral solution. The diprotonated anionic sensitizer 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPSH(2)(2+)) forms host-guest complexes with native betaCD and gammaCD, similarly as in its non-protonated state. The positive charge of pyrrole nitrogen atoms does not significantly influence the mode of the interaction. In contrast to TMPyP, the lifetimes of the triplet states of bound TPPSH(2)(2+) to native CDs increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirí Mosinger
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry has expanded dramatically in recent years both in terms of potential applications and in its relevance to analogous biological systems. The formation and function of supramolecular complexes occur through a multiplicity of often difficult to differentiate noncovalent forces. The aim of this Review is to describe the crucial interaction mechanisms in context, and thus classify the entire subject. In most cases, organic host-guest complexes have been selected as examples, but biologically relevant problems are also considered. An understanding and quantification of intermolecular interactions is of importance both for the rational planning of new supramolecular systems, including intelligent materials, as well as for developing new biologically active agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Jörg Schneider
- Organische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes, 66041 Saarbrücken, Deutschland.
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15
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Guo DS, Chen K, Zhang HQ, Liu Y. Nano-supramolecular assemblies constructed from water-soluble bis(calix[5]arenes) with porphyrins and their photoinduced electron transfer properties. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:436-45. [PMID: 19130446 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200800410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Possessing 2D netlike and 1D linear morphologies, two nano-supramolecular architectures A1 and A2 are constructed by tetracationic porphyrin (G1) and dicationic porphyrin (G2), respectively, upon complexation with the novel water-soluble bis(p-sulfonatocalix[5]arenes) bridged at the lower rim (H2). Corresponding to the molecular design, the aggregation morphologies are well manipulated by the inherent binding sites of the building blocks through host-guest interactions as well as charge interactions. In comparison to the simple p-sulfonatocalix[5]arene H1 which can only form particle-type complexes C1 and C2 with porphyrin guests, H2 provides excellent pre-organized structure to construct highly complex nano-supramolecular assemblies. The exhibited electron-transfer process of the supramolecular systems is further investigated by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, electrochemical measurements, and transient absorption spectroscopy. The results obtained show that calixarenes are also effective electron donors in PET besides acting as significant building blocks, which gives them many advantages in constructing well-ordered nanomaterials with the capability of electron and energy transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
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17
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Takahashi M, Nishizawa N, Ohno S, Kakita M, Fujita N, Yamashita M, Sengoku T, Yoda H. A new approach toward light-harvesting reverse micelles from donor–acceptor miscible blends. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Fukuzumi S, Kojima T. Photofunctional nanomaterials composed of multiporphyrins and carbon-based π-electron acceptors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b717958h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Liu Y, Li CJ, Guo DS, Pan ZH, Li Z. A Comparative Study of Complexation of β-Cyclodextrin, Calix[4]arenesulfonate and Cucurbit[7]uril with Dye Guests: Fluorescence Behavior and Binding Ability. Supramol Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10610270601145444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Ju Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- a State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Huai Pan
- a State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- a State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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20
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Ajayaghosh A, Praveen VK, Vijayakumar C. Organogels as scaffolds for excitation energy transfer and light harvesting. Chem Soc Rev 2007; 37:109-22. [PMID: 18197337 DOI: 10.1039/b704456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 570] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The elegance and efficiency by which Nature harvests solar energy has been a source of inspiration for chemists to mimic such process with synthetic molecular and supramolecular systems. The insights gained over the years from these studies have contributed immensely to the development of advanced materials useful for organic based electronic and photonic devices. Energy transfer, being a key process in many of these devices, has been extensively studied in recent years. A major requirement for efficient energy transfer process is the proper arrangement of donors and acceptors in a few nanometers in length scale. A practical approach to this is the controlled self-assembly and gelation of chromophore based molecular systems. The present tutorial review describes the recent developments in the design of chromophore based organogels and their use as supramolecular scaffolds for excitation energy transfer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- Photosciences and Photonics Group, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, (NIST), CSIR, Trivandrum 695 019, India.
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21
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Puglisi A, Purrello R, Rizzarelli E, Sortino S, Vecchio G. Spectroscopic and self-association behavior of a porphyrin-β-cyclodextrin conjugate. NEW J CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b703680a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Deng W, Onji T, Yamaguchi H, Ikeda N, Harada A. Competitive photoinduced electron transfer by the complex formation of porphyrin with cyclodextrin bearing viologen. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:4212-4. [PMID: 17031435 DOI: 10.1039/b607199f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced electron transfer between a porphyrin and a new guest cyclodextrin bearing viologen occurs by a supramolecular formation with conformational change of a guest molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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23
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Ogoshi T, Takashima Y, Yamaguchi H, Harada A. Cyclodextrin-grafted poly(phenylene ethynylene) with chemically-responsive properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:3702-4. [PMID: 17047817 DOI: 10.1039/b605804c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble poly(phenylene ethynylene) carrying beta-cyclodextrin was prepared; the polymer exhibited a fluorescence color change or quenching, depending on the kind of guest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Ogoshi
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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Wang H, Cao R, Ke CF, Liu Y, Wada T, Inoue Y. Diastereomeric Molecular Recognition and Binding Behavior of Bile Acids byl/d-Tryptophan-Modifiedβ-Cyclodextrins. J Org Chem 2005; 70:8703-11. [PMID: 16238298 DOI: 10.1021/jo051073+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Binding behavior of L- and D-tryptophan-modified beta-cyclodextrins (L/D-Trp-beta-CD) (1 and 2) with four bile acids, i.e., cholate (CA), deoxycholate (DCA), glycocholate (GCA), and taurocholate (TCA), has been investigated by fluorescence, circular dichroism, and 2D-NMR spectroscopies and fluorescence lifetime measurement, as well as isothermal titration microcalorimetry. From the induced circular dichroism (ICD) and 2D NMR spectra, it is deduced that the D-Trp moiety of 2 attached to beta-CD is more deeply self-included in the cavity than that of the antipodal L-Trp moiety of 1, indicating appreciably enantioselective binding of the chiral sidearm by beta-CD. Interestingly, the original difference in conformation between 1 and 2 led to quite a large difference in affinity toward DCA, giving 3.3 times higher binding ability for 2 than for 1. Thermodynamically, the inclusion complexation of 1 and 2 with bile acids was entirely driven by favorable enthalpy change (DeltaH degrees) with accompanying negative entropy change (DeltaS degrees). The stronger binding of bile acids by L/D-Trp-beta-CD is attributable to higher enthalpic gains. The combined use of the calorimetric and NMR ROESY spectral examinations revealed the correlation between the thermodynamic parameters and the role of sidearm conformation in modified beta-cyclodextrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
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Mazzaglia A, Angelini N, Lombardo D, Micali N, Patané S, Villari V, Scolaro LM. Amphiphilic Cyclodextrin Carriers Embedding Porphyrins: Charge and Size Modulation of Colloidal Stability in Heterotopic Aggregates. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:7258-65. [PMID: 16851830 DOI: 10.1021/jp0501998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between the anionic 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)-21H,23H-porphyrin (TPPS) and cationic vesicles formed by heptakis(2-omega-amino-O-oligo(ethylene oxide)-6-hexylthio)-beta-cyclodextrin (SC6CDNH2) has been investigated in detail through a combination of elastic light scattering (ELS), quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS), zeta potential measurements, and time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy. ELS experiments provided the first structural characterization of these cationic vesicles both in the absence and in the presence of TPPS porphyrin, modeling the system as a spherical particle described by a single thin shell form factor. The structure of mixed hetero-aggregates is modulated by charge and size of the two components as function of different porphyrin/cyclodextrin (CD) molar ratios. At the limiting molar ratio studied, the absolute value of zeta potential (/zeta/ = 12.5 mV) seems to be a reference value for the formation of stable colloidal CD vesicular aggregates at thermodynamic equilibrium. New insights on the structure of these heterotopic colloids have been obtained by analysis of rotational correlation times at different molar ratios exploiting time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy experiments. At high porphyrin loads, the anisotropy decays behave as monoexponentials and the rotational correlation times (1-2 ns) together with the r(0) values close to zero suggest the presence of small amounts of TPPS embedded in a hydrophobic environment either in monomeric or in aggregated form. At the lower porphyrin/CD molar ratios, the anisotropy decays exhibit a double-exponential behavior showing a predominant component with a slow rotational correlation time (20-25 ns) and limiting anisotropy values of approximately 0.15. This component has been assigned to molecules that are more stabilized onto the CD vesicles, that is, porphyrins embedded into the oligo-ethylene "wall" of the CD vesicles. Scanning near-field optical microscopy of the samples evaporated on glass surfaces gave further insights on the morphology and optical properties of these systems, confirming the embedding of TPPS on the vesicles and evidencing the role of the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Mazzaglia
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, ISMN-CNR, Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Analitica e Chimica Fisica, Università di Messina, Salita Sperone 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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Liu Y, Yang YW, Yang EC, Guan XD. Molecular Recognition Thermodynamics and Structural Elucidation of Interactions between Steroids and Bridged Bis(β-cyclodextrin)s. J Org Chem 2004; 69:6590-602. [PMID: 15387580 DOI: 10.1021/jo049143k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of bridged bis(beta-cyclodextrin(CD))s (2-7) were synthesized, i.e., bridged bis(beta-CD)s 2 and 3 bearing binaphthyl or biquinoline tethers and bridged bis(beta-CD)s 4-7 possessing dithiobis(benzoyl) tether, and their complex stability constants (KS), enthalpy (DeltaH degrees), and entropy changes (DeltaS degrees) for the 1:2 inclusion complexation with representative steroids, deoxycholate, cholate, glycocholate, and taurocholate, have been determined in an aqueous phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.20 at 298.15 K by means of titration microcalorimetry. The original conformations of bridged bis(beta-cyclodextrin)s were investigated by circular dichroism and 1H ROESY spectroscopy. Structures of the inclusion complexes between steroids and bridged bis(beta-CD)s in solution were elucidated by 2D NMR experiments, indicating that anionic groups of two steroid molecules penetrate, respectively, into the two hydrophobic CD cavities in one 6,6'-bridged bis(beta-CD) molecule from the secondary rim to give a 1:2 binding mode upon inclusion complexation. The results obtained from titration microcalorimetry and 2D NMR experiments jointly demonstrate that bridged bis(beta-CD)s 2, 3 and 5-7 tethered by protonated amino group possessing different substituted groups can enhance not only the molecular binding ability toward steroids by electrostatic interaction but also molecular selectivity. Thermodynamically, the resulting 1:2 bis(beta-CD)-steroid complexes are formed by an enthalpy-driven process, accompanied by smaller entropy loss. The increased complex stability mainly results from enthalpy gain, accompanied by large conformational change and extensive desolvation effects for the 1:2 inclusion complexation between bis(beta-CD)s and steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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