A mild, copper catalyzed route to conducting polyaniline

Electrochemical performance of composite electrodes based on rGO, Mn/Cu metal-organic frameworks, and PANI

Benzendicarboxylic acid (BDC)-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely utilized in various applications, including supercapacitor electrode materials. Manganese and copper have solid diamond frames formed with BDC linkers among transition metals chosen for MOF formation. They have shown the possibility to enlarge capacitance at different combinations of MOFs and polyaniline (PANI). Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was used as the matrix to fabricate electrochemical double-layer SCs. PANI and Mn/Cu-MOF's effect on the properties of electrode materials was investigated through electrochemical analysis. As a result, the highest specific capacitance of about 276 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g was obtained for rGO/Cu-MOF@PANI composite.

Au-Cu@PANI Alloy Core Shells for Aerobic Fibrin Degradation under Visible Light Exposure

Fibrin plays a critical role in wound healing and hemostasis, yet it is also the main case of cardiovascular diseases and thrombosis. Here, we show the unique design of Au-Cu@PANI alloy core-shell rods for fibrin clot degradation. Microscopic (transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray (STEM-EDX)) and structural characterizations (powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)) of the Au-Cu@PANI hybrid material reveal the formation of Au-Cu heterogeneous alloy core rods (aspect ratio = 3.7) with thin Cu₂O and PANI shells that create a positive surface charge (ζ-potential = +22 mV). This architecture is supported by the survey XPS spectrum showing the presence of Cu 2p, N 1s, and C 1s features with binding energies of 934.8, 399.7, and 284.8 eV, respectively. Upon photolysis (λ ≥ 495 or 590 nm), these hybrid composite nanorods provide sufficient excited-state redox potential to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for degradation of model fibrin clots within 5-7 h. Detailed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the fibrin network shows significant morphology modification including formation of large voids and strand termini, indicating degradation of fibrin protofibril by Au-Cu@PANI. The dye 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) used to detect the presence of ¹O₂ shows a 27% bleaching of the absorption at λ = 418 nm within 75 min of irradiation of an aqueous Au-Cu@PANI solution in air. Moreover, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin-trapping experiments reveal a hyperfine-coupled triplet signature at room temperature with intensities 1:1:1: and g-value = 2.0057, characteristic of the reaction between the spin probe 4-Oxo-TEMP and ¹O₂ during irradiation. Controlled ¹O₂ scavenging experiments by NaN₃ show 82% reduction in the spin-trapped EPR signal area. Both DPBF bleaching and EPR spin trapping indicate that in situ generated ¹O₂ is responsible for fibrin strand scission. This unique nanomaterial function via use of ubiquitous oxygen as a reagent could open creative avenues for future in vivo biomedical applications to treat fibrin clot diseases.

Copper(i)-based oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and product elucidation using vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy and theoretical spectral calculations

Fluorinated 1,3,5-triazapentadienyl complexes of copper catalyze the oxidation PAHs to quinones using H₂O₂as an oxidant under mild conditions.

Triply green polyaniline: UV irradiation-induced synthesis of a highly porous PANI/TiO2 composite and its application in dye removal

An eco-friendly synthesis of polyaniline/TiO₂ composites with good crystallinity and tailored morphology is reported for dye removal from an aqueous matrix.

Brush-like polyaniline nanoarray modified anode for improvement of power output in microbial fuel cell

Carbon cloth with brush-like polyaniline (BL-PANI) nanowire arrays generated on the surface was utilized as anode material in this study to improve the power output of MFCs. A novel pulsed voltage method was applied to fabricate BL-PANI with PANI nanowires of ∼230nm of length. By using BL-PANI modified carbon cloth as anode, the power output was improved by 58.1% and 36.1% compared to that of plain carbon cloth and PANI modified carbon cloth with ordinary structure, respectively. Electrochemical tests revealed that both electron transfer resistance and charge transfer resistance were decreased owing to high specific area for microbes' growth and diffusion of charged species.

Synthesis of a novel organic-inorganic hybrid of polyaniline/titanium phosphate for Re(VII) removal

The organic-inorganic hybrid material of polyaniline/titanium(IV) (PANI/Ti(HPO4)2) was synthesized by an oxidative polymerization reaction. The PANI/Ti(HPO4)2 was applied to remove Re(VII). The size of Ti(HPO4)2 nanoplates has no obvious effect on the sorption capacity. The effects of various environmental factors (such as pH, extra anions (NO3(-) and MO4(2-)) and temperature) on Re(VII) sorption to PANI/Ti(HPO4)2 were investigated by batch experiments. The sorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model. The nitrogen-containing functional groups of PANI promoted Re(VII) sorption. The PANI/Ti(HPO4)2 exhibited excellent maximum sorption capacity to Re(VII) (47.62 mg g(-1)), which was superior to that of PANI (10.75 mg g(-1)) and much higher than that of many other sorbents. The sorption isotherms of Re(VII) can be well fitted with the Langmuir model. Re(VII) sorption decreased with increasing solution pH at pH > 4.0, which implied that Re(VII) sorption on PANI/Ti(HPO4)2 might be attributed to the outer-sphere complexation between amine and imine groups on the surface of PANI/Ti(HPO4)2 and Re(VII). This study implies that the hybrid material of PANI/Ti(HPO4)2 can be regarded as a potential sorbent to remove Re(VII) and its analogues from large volumes of aqueous solutions.

Enhancement of power production with tartaric acid doped polyaniline nanowire network modified anode in microbial fuel cells

The feasibility to use tartaric acid doped PANI for MFC anode modification was determined. Uniform PANI nanowires doped with tartaric acid were synthesized and formed mesoporous networks on the carbon cloth surface. By using this tartaric acid doped PANI modified carbon cloth (PANI-TA) as the anode, the voltage output (435 ± 15 mV) and power output (490 ± 12 mW/m(2)) of MFC were enhanced by 1.6 times and 4.1 times compared to that of MFC with plain carbon cloth anode, respectively. Strikingly, the performance of PANI-TA MFC was superior to that of the MFCs with inorganic acids doped PNAI modified anode. These results substantiated that tartaric acid is a promising PANI dopant for MFC anode modification, and provided new opportunity for MFC performance improvement.

Cu doped Fe3O4 magnetic adsorbent for arsenic: synthesis, property, and sorption application

Cu doping greatly facilitates the arsenic absorbance of Fe₃O₄ through catalyzing the oxidation of As(iii) by O₂ followed by ready adsorption of As(v).

Conducting Polyaniline Nanowire and Its Applications in Chemiresistive Sensing

One dimensional polyaniline nanowire is an electrically conducting polymer that can be used as an active layer for sensors whose conductivity change can be used to detect chemical or biological species. In this review, the basic properties of polyaniline nanowires including chemical structures, redox chemistry, and method of synthesis are discussed. A comprehensive literature survey on chemiresistive/conductometric sensors based on polyaniline nanowires is presented and recent developments in polyaniline nanowire-based sensors are summarized. Finally, the current limitations and the future prospect of polyaniline nanowires are discussed.

Green-nano approach to nanostructured polypyrrole

Bulk quantities of polypyrrole nanofibers and nanospheres can be synthesized with a facile, one-step "green-nano" chemical oxidative polymerization approach, by simply using different reaction media.