1
|
Oszajca M, Flejszar M, Szura A, Dróżdż P, Brindell M, Kurpiewska K. Exploring the coordination chemistry of ruthenium complexes with lysozymes: structural and in-solution studies. Front Chem 2024; 12:1371637. [PMID: 38638879 PMCID: PMC11024358 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1371637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive structural analysis of the adducts formed upon the reaction of two Ru(III) complexes [HIsq][trans-RuIIICl4(dmso)(Isq)] (1) and [H2Ind][trans-RuIIICl4(dmso)(HInd)] (2) (where HInd-indazole, Isq-isoquinoline, analogs of NAMI-A) and two Ru(II) complexes, cis-[RuCl2(dmso)4] (c) and trans-[RuCl2(dmso)4] (t), with hen-egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Additionally, the crystal structure of an adduct of human lysozyme (HL) with ruthenium complex, [H2Ind][trans-RuCl4(dmso)(HInd)] was solved. X-ray crystallographic data analysis revealed that all studied Ru complexes, regardless of coordination surroundings and metal center charge, coordinate to the same amino acids (His15, Arg14, and Asp101) of HEWL, losing most of their original ligands. In the case of the 2-HL adduct, two distinct metalation sites: (i) Arg107, Arg113 and (ii) Gln127, Gln129, were identified. Crystallographic data were supported by studies of the interaction of 1 and 2 with HEWL in an aqueous solution. Hydrolytic stability studies revealed that both complexes 1 and 2 liberate the N-heterocyclic ligand under crystallization-like conditions (pH 4.5) as well as under physiological pH conditions, and this process is not significantly affected by the presence of HEWL. A comparative examination of nine crystal structures of Ru complexes with lysozyme, obtained through soaking and co-crystallization experiments, together with in-solution studies of the interaction between 1 and 2 with HEWL, indicates that the hydrolytic release of the N-heterocyclic ligand is one of the critical factors in the interaction between Ru complexes and lysozyme. This understanding is crucial in shedding light on the tendency of Ru complexes to target diverse metalation sites during the formation and in the final forms of the adducts with proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oszajca
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Flejszar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Szura
- Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Patrycja Dróżdż
- Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Brindell
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kurpiewska
- Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wei F, Chen F, Wu S, Zha M, Liu J, Wong KL, Li K, Wong KMC. Ligand Regulation Strategy to Modulate ROS Nature in a Rhodamine-Iridium(III) Hybrid System for Phototherapy. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5872-5884. [PMID: 38498970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) is highly dependent on the photosensitizer features. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by photosensitizers is proven to be associated with immunotherapy by triggering immunogenic cell death (ICD) as well. In this work, we establish a rhodamine-iridium(III) hybrid model functioning as a photosensitizer to comprehensively understand its performance and potential applications in photodynamic immunotherapy. Especially, the correlation between the ROS generation efficiency and the energy level of the Ir(III)-based excited state (T1'), modulated by the cyclometalating (C∧N) ligand, is systematically investigated and correlated. We prove that in addition to the direct population of the rhodamine triplet state (T1) formed through the intersystem crossing process with the assistance of a heavy Ir(III) metal center, the fine-tuned T1' state could act as a relay to provide an additional pathway for promoting the cascade energy transfer process that leads to enhanced ROS generation ability. Moreover, type I ROS can be effectively produced by introducing sulfur-containing thiophene units in C∧N ligands, providing a stronger M1 macrophage-activation efficiency under hypoxia to evoke in vivo antitumor immunity. Overall, our work provides a fundamental guideline for the molecular design and exploration of advanced transition-metal-based photosensitizers for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Feng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Siye Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Menglei Zha
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiqiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ka-Leung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
| | - Kai Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Keith Man-Chung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Heidari A, Dehghanian E, Razmara Z, Shahraki S, Samareh Delarami H, Heidari Majd M. Effect of Cu(II) compound containing dipicolinic acid on DNA damage: a study of antiproliferative activity and DNA interaction properties by spectroscopic, molecular docking and molecular dynamics approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38498382 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2329308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
A polymeric compound formulized as [Cu(µ-dipic)2{Na2(µ-H2O)4]n.2nH2O (I), where dipic is 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (dipicolinic acid, H2dipic), was synthesized by sonochemical irradiation. The initial in-vitro cytotoxic activity of this complex compared with renowned anticancer drugs like cisplatin, versus HCT116 colon cell lines, shows promising results. This study investigated the interaction mode between compound (I) and calf-thymus DNA utilizing a range of analytical techniques including spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, partition coefficient analysis, viscometry, gel electrophoresis and molecular docking technique. The results obtained from experimental methods reveal complex (I) could bind to CT-DNA via hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces and the theoretical methods support it. Also, complex (I) indicates nuclease activity in the attendance of H2O2 and can act as an artificial nuclease to cleave DNA with high efficiency.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Heidari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Effat Dehghanian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Razmara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Somaye Shahraki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maity M, Maity R, Sarkar T, Bhakat A, Brandao P, Maity T, Das P, Sarkar K, Samanta BC. In Vitro Insight on Antifungal-Specific Potentiality of Ni(II) Complex against Colletotrichum siamense and Fusarium equisetum Phytopathogens. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4836-4845. [PMID: 37935574 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
In an initiation to investigate a prospective bioactive compound, a mononuclear Ni(II) complex with N, N, and O donor Schiff base ligand was synthesized and characterized in the present study through FTIR, ESI-mass, and X-ray crystallographic diffraction studies. A slightly distorted octahedral geometry has been obtained for the Ni(II) complex from X-ray crystallographic diffraction studies. In vitro comprehensive biological studies show the antifungal specific efficiency of the complex against Colletotrichum siamense (AP1) and Fusarium equisetum (F.E.) pathogens, which are responsible for anthracnose and wilt disease, respectively, but no inhibitory effect on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for these pathogens was observed to be 0.25 and 0.5 mM, respectively. The experiment also reveals that significant damage of mycelia and enlarged, misshaped damaged spores are noticed in comparison to hexaconazole, used as a positive control under a light microscope post 48 h treatment of AP1 and F.E. with the MIC of the complex. The binding interaction studies of the complex with DNA and BSA performed through a variety of spectroscopic techniques demonstrate a strong binding behavior of the complex for both the binding systems. The observed negative ΔH° and ΔS° values for DNA reveal the existence of hydrogen-bonding/van der Waals interactions for DNA which was also exemplified from the molecular docking and self-assembly studies of the complex. The positive ΔH° and ΔS° values for BSA demonstrate the hydrophobic interactions of the complex with BSA. However, cytotoxicity studies against the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line did not demonstrate any significant potentiality of the complex as an anticancer agent. All the bio-experimental studies provide clear evidence that the synthesized Ni(II) complex exhibits potential antifungal activity and could be used as a therapeutic fungicide agent in comparison to hexaconazole in agricultural practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minakshi Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Mugberia Gangadhar Mahavidyalaya, Bhupatinagar, Purba Medinipur, 721425 West Bengal, India
| | - Ribhu Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Mugberia Gangadhar Mahavidyalaya, Bhupatinagar, Purba Medinipur, 721425 West Bengal, India
| | - Tuhin Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235 West Bengal, India
| | - Ankika Bhakat
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235 West Bengal, India
| | - Paula Brandao
- Departamento de Química/CICECO, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tithi Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Prabhat Kumar College, Contai, Purba Medinipur, 721401 West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235 West Bengal, India
| | - Keka Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235 West Bengal, India
| | - Bidhan Chandra Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Mugberia Gangadhar Mahavidyalaya, Bhupatinagar, Purba Medinipur, 721425 West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bashir M, Mantoo IA, Arjmand F, Tabassum S, Yousuf I. An overview of advancement of organoruthenium(II) complexes as prospective anticancer agents. Coord Chem Rev 2023; 487:215169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
|
6
|
Raza A, Archer SA, Thomas JA, MacNeil S, Haycock JW. Selectively inhibiting malignant melanoma migration and invasion in an engineered skin model using actin-targeting dinuclear Ru II-complexes. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:65-73. [PMID: 36755639 PMCID: PMC9890726 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the poor prognosis of metastatic cancers, there is a clinical need for agents with anti-metastatic activity. Here we report on the anti-metastatic effect of a previously reported Ru(ii) complex [{(phen)2Ru}2(tpphz)]4+, 14+, that has recently been shown to disrupt actin fiber assembly. In this study, we investigated the anti-migratory effect of +14+ and a close structural analogue+, 24+, on two highly invasive, metastatic human melanoma cell lines. Laser scanning confocal imaging was used to investigate the structure of actin filament and adhesion molecule vinculin and results show disassembly of central actin filaments and focal adhesions. The effect of both compounds on actin filaments was also found to be reversible. As these results revealed that the complexes were cytostatic and produced a significant inhibitory effect on the migration of both melanoma cell lines but not human dermal fibroblasts their effect on 3D-spheroids and a tissue-engineered living skin model were also investigated. These experiments demonstrated that the compounds inhibited the growth and invasiveness of the melanoma-based spheroidal tumor model and both complexes were found to penetrate the epidermis of the skin tissue model and inhibit the invasion of melanoma cells. Taken together, the cytostatic and antimigratory effects of the complexes results in an antimetastatic effect that totally prevent invasion of malignant melanoma into skin tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahtasham Raza
- Materials Science & Engineering, University of Sheffield Mappin St Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - Stuart A. Archer
- Department of Chemistry, University of SheffieldBrook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK+44 (0)114 222 9325
| | - Jim A. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of SheffieldBrook HillSheffieldS3 7HFUK+44 (0)114 222 9325
| | - Sheila MacNeil
- Materials Science & Engineering, University of Sheffield Mappin St Sheffield S1 3JD UK
| | - John W. Haycock
- Materials Science & Engineering, University of SheffieldMappin StSheffield S1 3JDUK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alp M, Yurdakul S. Experimental and Theoretical Vibrational Spectroscopic, Quantum Chemical Analysis, and Electronic Properties Investigations of Novel Ruthenium Complexes (RuLCl2.2H2O; L: 4,4´-Dimethoxy-2,2´-Bipyridine, 4,4´-Dimethyl-2,2´-Bipyridine). Polyhedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2023.116322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
8
|
Feizi-Dehnayebi M, Dehghanian E, Mansouri-Torshizi H. Biological activity of bis-(morpholineacetato)palladium(II) complex: Preparation, structural elucidation, cytotoxicity, DNA-/serum albumin-interaction, density functional theory, in-silico prediction and molecular modeling. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 281:121543. [PMID: 35797947 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to discover a novel potential bioactive compound, a mono-nuclear Pd(II) complex with an amino acid derivative as ligand was synthesized and characterized through experimental and computational methodologies. A square-planar configuration was suggested for palladium(II) complex utilizing density functional theory. MEP map and Mulliken atomic charge were detected electrophilic and nucleophilic regions of the compound for reactions. The lipophilicity and cytotoxic activity of the complex was more effective than cisplatin. Also, OSIRIS DataWarrior revealed proper oral bioavailability and good drug-likeness for the compound. In-vitro binding behavior of the Pd(II) complex with DNA and serum albumin (BSA) were fully determined via variety of procedures including fluorescence, UV-Vis, CD, viscosity, gel electrophoresis experiments and molecular simulation. The negative signs of ΔH° and ΔS° for Pd(II) complex-CT-DNA/-BSA systems indicated the existence of hydrogen bonding/van der Waals interactions for both binding systems. Additionally, docking simulation illustrated the interaction of Pd(II) complex with the minor groove of DNA and the hydrophobic cavity of the BSA (drug binding site I).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Effat Dehghanian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lucaciu RL, Hangan AC, Sevastre B, Oprean LS. Metallo-Drugs in Cancer Therapy: Past, Present and Future. Molecules 2022; 27:6485. [PMID: 36235023 PMCID: PMC9572156 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatments which include conventional chemotherapy have not proven very successful in curing human malignancies. The failures of these treatment modalities include inherent resistance, systemic toxicity and severe side effects. Out of 50% patients administrated to chemotherapy, only 5% survive. For these reasons, the identification of new drug designs and therapeutic strategies that could target cancer cells while leaving normal cells unaffected still continues to be a challenge. Despite advances that have led to the development of new therapies, treatment options are still limited for many types of cancers. This review provides an overview of platinum, copper and ruthenium metal based anticancer drugs in clinical trials and in vitro/in vivo studies. Presumably, copper and ruthenium complexes have greater potential than Pt(II) complexes, showing reduced toxicity, a new mechanism of action, a different spectrum of activity and the possibility of non-cross-resistance. We focus the discussion towards past, present and future aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Liana Lucaciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania or
| | - Adriana Corina Hangan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Sevastre
- Clinic Department, Faculty of Veterinary Madicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luminița Simona Oprean
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Murillo MI, Gaiddon C, Le Lagadec R. Targeting of the intracellular redox balance by metal complexes towards anticancer therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:967337. [PMID: 36034648 PMCID: PMC9405673 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.967337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cancers is often linked to the alteration of essential redox processes, and therefore, oxidoreductases involved in such mechanisms can be considered as attractive molecular targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies. On the other hand, for more than two decades, transition metals derivatives have been leading the research on drugs as alternatives to platinum-based treatments. The success of such compounds is particularly due to their attractive redox kinetics properties, favorable oxidation states, as well as routes of action different to interactions with DNA, in which redox interactions are crucial. For instance, the activity of oxidoreductases such as PHD2 (prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein) which can regulate angiogenesis in tumors, LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) related to glycolysis, and enzymes, such as catalases, SOD (superoxide dismutase), TRX (thioredoxin) or GSH (glutathione) involved in controlling oxidative stress, can be altered by metal effectors. In this review, we wish to discuss recent results on how transition metal complexes have been rationally designed to impact on redox processes, in search for effective and more specific cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Murillo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Ronan Le Lagadec,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guin PS, Roy S. Recently Reported Ru-Metal Organic Coordination Complexes and Their Application (A Review). RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222080242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
12
|
Ferraro MG, Piccolo M, Misso G, Santamaria R, Irace C. Bioactivity and Development of Small Non-Platinum Metal-Based Chemotherapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050954. [PMID: 35631543 PMCID: PMC9147010 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Countless expectations converge in the multidisciplinary endeavour for the search and development of effective and safe drugs in fighting cancer. Although they still embody a minority of the pharmacological agents currently in clinical use, metal-based complexes have great yet unexplored potential, which probably hides forthcoming anticancer drugs. Following the historical success of cisplatin and congeners, but also taking advantage of conventional chemotherapy limitations that emerged with applications in the clinic, the design and development of non-platinum metal-based chemotherapeutics, either as drugs or prodrugs, represents a rapidly evolving field wherein candidate compounds can be fine-tuned to access interactions with druggable biological targets. Moving in this direction, over the last few decades platinum family metals, e.g., ruthenium and palladium, have been largely proposed. Indeed, transition metals and molecular platforms where they originate are endowed with unique chemical and biological features based on, but not limited to, redox activity and coordination geometries, as well as ligand selection (including their inherent reactivity and bioactivity). Herein, current applications and progress in metal-based chemoth are reviewed. Converging on the recent literature, new attractive chemotherapeutics based on transition metals other than platinum—and their bioactivity and mechanisms of action—are examined and discussed. A special focus is committed to anticancer agents based on ruthenium, palladium, rhodium, and iridium, but also to gold derivatives, for which more experimental data are nowadays available. Next to platinum-based agents, ruthenium-based candidate drugs were the first to reach the stage of clinical evaluation in humans, opening new scenarios for the development of alternative chemotherapeutic options to treat cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Ferraro
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Marialuisa Piccolo
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (C.I.)
| | - Rita Santamaria
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Carlo Irace
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (C.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dubey SK, Khatkar S, Trivedi M, Gulati S, Batra SK, Rath N, Kumar S, Lakia R, Raghav N, Kaur S. Syntheses, Structural and Serum Protein Protecting Activity of Ruthenium(II)-DMSO Complexes Containing Mercapto Ligand. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01363k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four new ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(mpt)2(DMSO)2] (1), [Ru(mpt)2(bpy)] (2), [Ru(mpt)2(phen)] (3) and [Ru(mpt)2(tptz)] (4) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H and 13C NMR, and electronic absorption spectroscopy....
Collapse
|
14
|
Stimulation of Sulfonamides Antibacterial Drugs Activity as a Result of Complexation with Ru(III): Physicochemical and Biological Study. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413482. [PMID: 34948278 PMCID: PMC8708937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a global problem, and one promising solution to overcome this issue is using metallodrugs, which are drugs containing metal ions and ligands. These complexes are superior to free ligands in various characteristics including anticancer properties and mechanism of action. The pharmacological potential of metallodrugs can be modulated by the appropriate selection of ligands and metal ions. A good example of proper coordination is the combination of sulfonamides (sulfamerazine, sulfathiazole) with a ruthenium(III) ion. This work aimed to confirm that the activity of sulfonamides antibacterial drugs is initiated and/or stimulated by their coordination to an Ru(III) ion. The study determined the structure, electrochemical profile, CT-DNA affinity, and antimicrobial as well as anticancer properties of the synthesized complexes. The results proved that Ru(III) complexes exhibited better biological properties than the free ligands.
Collapse
|
15
|
Yousuf I, Bashir M, Arjmand F, Tabassum S. Advancement of metal compounds as therapeutic and diagnostic metallodrugs: Current frontiers and future perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
16
|
Synthetic strategies, crystal structures and biological activities of metal complexes with the members of azole family: A review. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
17
|
Chellan P, Avery VM, Duffy S, Land KM, Tam CC, Kim JH, Cheng LW, Romero-Canelón I, Sadler PJ. Bioactive half-sandwich Rh and Ir bipyridyl complexes containing artemisinin. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 219:111408. [PMID: 33826972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) with 4-methyl-4'-carboxy-2,2'-bipyridine yielded the new ester derivative L1. Six novel organometallic half-sandwich chlorido Rh(III) and Ir(III) complexes (1-6) containing pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, (Cp*), tetramethylphenylcyclopentadienyl (Cpxph), or tetramethylbiphenylcyclopentadienyl (Cpxbiph), and N,N-chelated bipyridyl group of L1, have been synthesized and characterized. The complexes were screened for inhibitory activity against the Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (sensitive), Dd2 (multi-drug resistant) and NF54 late stage gametocytes (LSGNF54), the parasite strain Trichomonas vaginalis G3, as well as A2780 (human ovarian carcinoma), A549 (human alveolar adenocarcinoma), HCT116 (human colorectal carcinoma), MCF7 (human breast cancer) and PC3 (human prostate cancer) cancer cell lines. They show nanomolar antiplasmodial activity, outperforming chloroquine and artemisinin. Their activities were also comparable to dihydroartemisinin. As anticancer agents, several of the complexes showed high inhibitory effects, with Ir(III) complex 3, containing the tetramethylbiphenylcyclopentadienyl ligand, having similar IC50 values (concentration for 50% of maximum inhibition of cell growth) as the clinical drug cisplatin (1.06-9.23 μM versus 0.24-7.2 μM, respectively). Overall, the iridium complexes (1-3) are more potent compared to the rhodium derivatives (4-6), and complex 3 emerges as the most promising candidate for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prinessa Chellan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Discovery Biology, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Discovery Biology, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Kirkwood M Land
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, United States of America
| | - Christina C Tam
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, United States of America
| | - Jong H Kim
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, United States of America
| | - Luisa W Cheng
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, United States of America
| | | | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao X, Liu J, Fan J, Chao H, Peng X. Recent progress in photosensitizers for overcoming the challenges of photodynamic therapy: from molecular design to application. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4185-4219. [PMID: 33527104 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00173b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a therapeutic mode involving light triggering, has been recognized as an attractive oncotherapy treatment. However, nonnegligible challenges remain for its further clinical use, including finite tumor suppression, poor tumor targeting, and limited therapeutic depth. The photosensitizer (PS), being the most important element of PDT, plays a decisive role in PDT treatment. This review summarizes recent progress made in the development of PSs for overcoming the above challenges. This progress has included PSs developed to display enhanced tolerance of the tumor microenvironment, improved tumor-specific selectivity, and feasibility of use in deep tissue. Based on their molecular photophysical properties and design directions, the PSs are classified by parent structures, which are discussed in detail from the molecular design to application. Finally, a brief summary of current strategies for designing PSs and future perspectives are also presented. We expect the information provided in this review to spur the further design of PSs and the clinical development of PDT-mediated cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueze Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bhattacharjee A, Das S, Das B, Roy P. Intercalative DNA binding, protein binding, antibacterial activities and cytotoxicity studies of a mononuclear copper(II) complex. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
20
|
Enantiomeric selectivity of ruthenium (II) chiral complexes with antitumor activity, in vitro and in vivo. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 216:111339. [PMID: 33388703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Different enantiomers of chiral drugs show distinctive activities. Here, a pair of chiral ruthenium Λ-[Ru(phen)2(TPEPIP)]2+ (Λ-Ru), and Δ-[Ru(phen)2(TPEPIP)]2+ (Δ-Ru) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; TPEPIP = 2-(4'-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) compounds have been prepared and characterized. Both have aggregation-induced emission characteristics, although Λ-Ru exhibits much higher activity, towards duplex DNA extracted from SGC-7901 cancer cells. In vitro experiments demonstrate that both Λ-Ru and Δ-Ru can induce the apoptosis of tumor cells with Λ-Ru showing greater activity than Δ-Ru. Λ-Ru aggregates in the cell nucleus of SGC-7901 within 5 h which shows that nucleic acids may be the effective target of Λ-Ru. In vivo experiments with nude mice showed that Λ-Ru can inhibit the growth and proliferation of a tumor, in tumor-bearing mice as well as targeting the tumor site, as demonstrated by fluorescence. These results demonstrate the dual-function of Λ-Ru, which could be used for real-time visualization of a chemotherapeutic agent.
Collapse
|
21
|
Ruthenium(II)/(III) DMSO-Based Complexes of 2-Aminophenyl Benzimidazole with In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184284. [PMID: 32962014 PMCID: PMC7570852 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
New anticancer ruthenium(II/III) complexes [RuCl2(DMSO)2(Hapbim)] (1) and [RuCl3(DMSO) (Hapbim)] (2) (Hapbim = 2-aminophenyl benzimidazole) have been synthesized and characterized, and their chemotherapeutic potential evaluated. The interaction of the compounds with DNA was studied by both UV-Visible and fluorescence spectroscopies, revealing intercalation of both the Hapbim ligand and the Ru complexes. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the compounds was tested on human breast cancer (MCF7), human colorectal cancer (Caco2), and normal human liver cell lines (THLE-2), with compound (2) the most potent against cancer cells. The cytotoxic effect of (2) is shown to correlate with the ability of the Ru(III) complex to induce apoptosis and to cause cell-cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Notably, both compounds were inactive in the noncancerous cell line. The anticancer effect of (2) has also been studied in an EAC (Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma) mouse model. Significantly, the activity of the complex was more pronounced in vivo, with removal of the cancer burden at doses that resulted in only low levels of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. An apoptosis mechanism was determined by the observation of increased Bax and caspase 3 and decreased Bcl2 expression. Furthermore, (2) decreased oxidative stress and increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes, especially SOD, suggesting the enhancement of normal cell repair. Overall, compound (2) shows great potential as a chemotherapeutic candidate, with promising activity and low levels of side effects.
Collapse
|
22
|
Das D, Dutta S, Dowerah D, Deka RC. Unveiling the Role of Hydrogen Bonding and g-Tensor in the Interaction of Ru-Bis-DMSO with Amino Acid Residue and Human Serum Albumin. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:6459-6474. [PMID: 32628490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations have been carried out to observe the role of hydrogen bonding in hydrolysis and the coordination mechanism of three amino acid residues (histidine, cysteine, and alanine) with Ru-bis-DMSO complex via which the complex tends to interact with the HSA protein receptor. The interaction mechanism shows that ruthenium complexes prefer to bind protein receptor through cysteine and histidine residues rather than through alanine, which has been confirmed by DFT evaluated H-bonding and g-tensor analysis. The number of H-bonds plays a major role in stabilizing the intermediates and transition states involved in the Ru-bis-DMSO and amino acid residue interactions. Our theoretical g-tensor values are in good agreement with the available experimental results. Further QM/MM calculation on the Ru-bis-DMSO-HSA adducts reveals that the adduct is more stable when Ru gets coordinated with histidine imidazole rather than cysteine. These investigations helped us in understanding the type of amino acid residue responsible for binding the metal complex Ru-bis-DMSO with the carrier protein HSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharitri Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Snigdha Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Dikshita Dowerah
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra Deka
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chellan P, Sadler PJ. Enhancing the Activity of Drugs by Conjugation to Organometallic Fragments. Chemistry 2020; 26:8676-8688. [PMID: 32452579 PMCID: PMC7496994 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy is a current clinical problem, especially in the treatment of microbial infections and cancer. One strategy to overcome this is to make new derivatives of existing drugs by conjugation to organometallic fragments, either by an appropriate linker, or by direct coordination of the drug to a metal. We illustrate this with examples of conjugated organometallic metallocene sandwich and half-sandwich complexes, RuII and OsII arene, and RhIII and IrIII cyclopentadienyl half-sandwich complexes. Ferrocene conjugates are particularly promising. The ferrocene-chloroquine conjugate ferroquine is in clinical trials for malaria treatment, and a ferrocene-tamoxifen derivative (a ferrocifen) seems likely to enter anticancer trails soon. Several other examples illustrate that organometallic conjugation can restore the activity of drugs to which resistance has developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prinessa Chellan
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer ScienceStellenbosch University7600Matieland, Western CapeSouth Africa
| | - Peter J. Sadler
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mukherjee A, Acharya S, Purkait K, Chakraborty K, Bhattacharjee A, Mukherjee A. Effect of N, N Coordination and Ru II Halide Bond in Enhancing Selective Toxicity of a Tyramine-Based Ru II ( p-Cymene) Complex. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6581-6594. [PMID: 32295347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium compounds are promising anticancer candidates owing to their lower side-effects and encouraging activities against resistant tumors. Half-sandwich piano-stool type RuII compounds of general formula [(L)RuII(η6-arene)(X)]+ (L = chelating bidentate ligand, X = halide) have exhibited significant therapeutic potential against cisplatin-resistant tumor cell lines. In RuII (p-cymene) based complexes, the change of the halide leaving group has led to several interesting features, viz., hydrolytic stability, resistance toward thiols, and alteration in pathways of action. Tyramine is a naturally occurring monoamine which acts as a catecholamine precursor in humans. We synthesized a family of N,N and N,O coordinated RuII (p-cymene) complexes, [(L)RuII(η6-arene)(X)]+ (1-4), with tyramine and varied the halide (X = Cl, I) to investigate the difference in reactivity. Our studies showed that complex 2 bearing N,N coordination with an iodido leaving group shows selective in vitro cytotoxicity against the pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 (IC50 ca. 5 μM) but is less toxic to triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep G2), and the normal human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF-1). Complex 2 displays stability toward hydrolysis and does not bind with glutathione, as confirmed by 1H NMR and ESI-HRMS experiments. The inert nature of 2 leads to enhancement of cytotoxicity (IC50 = 5.3 ± 1 μM) upon increasing the cellular treatment time from 48 to 72 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur-741246, India
| | - Sourav Acharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur-741246, India
| | - Kallol Purkait
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur-741246, India
| | - Kaustav Chakraborty
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, Major Arterial Road, AA II, Newtown, Kolkata-700135, India
| | - Ashima Bhattacharjee
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, Major Arterial Road, AA II, Newtown, Kolkata-700135, India
| | - Arindam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur-741246, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Richert M, Walczyk M, Cieślak MJ, Kaźmierczak-Barańska J, Królewska-Golińska K, Wrzeszcz G, Muzioł T, Biniak S. Synthesis, X-ray structure, physicochemical properties and anticancer activity of mer and fac Ru(iii) triphenylphosphine complexes with a benzothiazole derivative as a co-ligand. Dalton Trans 2020; 48:10689-10702. [PMID: 31241117 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01803d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two mononuclear ruthenium(iii) mer- and fac-isomers of the formula [RuCl3(PPh3)(dmpbt)] (where PPh3 = triphenylphosphine, dmpbt = 2-(3,5-dimethylpyrazoll-yl)benzothiazole) have been synthesised from the reaction of [RuCl3(PPh3)3] with a bidentate ligand - dmpbt. Appropriate reaction conditions allowed obtaining the two isomers separately without separation techniques. X-ray crystallography has determined the crystal and molecular structures of the new complexes. mer-Ru(iii) (1) crystallised in the monoclinic P2(1)/n group, and fac-Ru(iii) (2, 2') in the triclinic P1[combining macron] space group. The composition of the ruthenium coordination sphere was confirmed and characterised using spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, UV-vis and EPR), elemental analysis and mass spectrometry (MS-FAB). The structures of the complexes obtained were analysed using X-ray and other spectroscopic methods (IR and UV-vis). The electrochemical properties of the ligand and the complex compound were identified using cyclic voltammetry, determining the potential and charge of faradaic processes. Both isomers are redox active and display quasi-reversible metal centered redox processes for the Ru(iii)/Ru(ii) pair. Moreover, preliminary tests of their biological activity were performed. The cytotoxicity of these compounds has been tested for human lung carcinoma (A549), chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), human cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cells, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (MOLT-4), human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) and normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The ability to induce apoptosis has been demonstrated in caspase 3/7 activity assay. In addition, the lipophilicity of both isomers was described by a partition coefficient, log P, values of which were estimated by the shake-flask method. The interesting and promising preliminary results of the biological and chemical activities of the new octahedral mer/fac Ru(iii) complexes motivate further in vitro and in vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Richert
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jurasza 2, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Walczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Marcin Janusz Cieślak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lódź, Poland.
| | - Julia Kaźmierczak-Barańska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lódź, Poland.
| | - Karolina Królewska-Golińska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lódź, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Wrzeszcz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Muzioł
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Stanisław Biniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fernandes AC. Synthesis, Biological Activity and Medicinal Applications of Ruthenium Complexes Containing Carbohydrate Ligands. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6412-6437. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190124124350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The search for new metal-efficient drugs has attracted considerable attention of the
scientific community. Among them, ruthenium complexes have emerged as an excellent alternative
of platinum complexes. This review presents a thorough and timely coverage of the synthesis,
biological activity and medicinal applications of ruthenium complexes bearing carbohydrate ligands,
allowing a large community of readers, in particularly the community that works in organic,
inorganic, bioorganometallic and medicinal chemistry, ready access to the most relevant examples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Fernandes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049- 001 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Paul S, Kundu P, Bhattacharyya U, Garai A, Maji RC, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. Ruthenium(II) Conjugates of Boron-Dipyrromethene and Biotin for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in Red Light. Inorg Chem 2019; 59:913-924. [PMID: 31825210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ruthenium(II) complexes [RuCl(L1)(L3)]Cl (1), [RuCl(L1)(L4)]Cl (2), [RuCl(L2)(L4)]Cl (3), [RuCl(L1)(L5)]Cl (4), and [RuCl(L2)(L5)]Cl (5) of NNN-donor dipicolylamine (dpa) bases (L4, L5) having BODIPY (boron-dipyrromethene) moieties, NN-donor phenanthroline derivatives (L1, L2), and benzyldipicolylamine (bzdpa, L3) were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and their cellular localization/uptake and photocytotoxicity studied. Complex 1, as its PF6 salt (1a), has been structurally characterized with help of a single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. It has a RuN5Cl core with the Cl bonded trans to the amine nitrogen atom of bzdpa. The complexes showed intense absorption spectral bands near 500 nm (ε ≈ 58000 M-1 cm-1) in 2 and 3 and 654 nm (ε ≈ 80000 M-1 cm-1) in 4 and 5 in 1/1 DMSO/DPBS (v/v). Complex 5 having biotin and PEGylated-disteryl BODIPY gave a singlet oxygen quantum yield (ΦΔ) of ∼0.65 in DMSO. Complex 5 exhibited remarkable PDT (photodynamic therapy) activity (IC50 ≈ 0.02 μM) with a photocytotoxicity index (PI) value of >5000 in red light of 600-720 nm in A549 cancer cells. The biotin-conjugated complexes showed better photocytotoxicity in comparison to nonbiotinylated analogues in A549 cells. The complexes displayed less toxicity in HPL1D normal cells in comparison to A549 cancer cells. The emissive BODIPY complexes 3 and 5 (ΦF ≈ 0.07 in DMSO) showed significant mitochondrial localization.
Collapse
|
28
|
Gomes LMF, Bataglioli JC, Jussila AJ, Smith JR, Walsby CJ, Storr T. Modification of Aβ Peptide Aggregation via Covalent Binding of a Series of Ru(III) Complexes. Front Chem 2019; 7:838. [PMID: 31921764 PMCID: PMC6915085 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, leading to loss of cognition, and eventually death. The disease is characterized by the formation of extracellular aggregates of the amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein inside cells, and oxidative stress. In this study, we investigate a series of Ru(III) complexes (Ru-N) derived from NAMI-A in which the imidazole ligand has been substituted for pyridine derivatives, as potential therapeutics for AD. The ability of the Ru-N series to bind to Aβ was evaluated by NMR and ESI-MS, and their influence on the Aβ peptide aggregation process was investigated via electrophoresis gel/western blot, TEM, turbidity, and Bradford assays. The complexes were shown to bind covalently to the Aβ peptide, likely via a His residue. Upon binding, the complexes promote the formation of soluble high molecular weight aggregates, in comparison to peptide precipitation for peptide alone. In addition, TEM analysis supports both amorphous and fibrillar aggregate morphology for Ru-N treatments, while only large amorphous aggregates are observed for peptide alone. Overall, our results show that the Ru-N complexes modulate Aβ peptide aggregation, however, the change in the size of the pyridine ligand does not substantially alter the Aβ aggregation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiza M F Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | | | - Allison J Jussila
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Jason R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Charles J Walsby
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hong XL, Xu J, Jiang RH, Li JY, Chen JL, Lu FC. Ruthenium(II) complexes containing a pendant methanol amidogen induce apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-019-00365-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
30
|
Chemistry and reactivity of ruthenium(II) complexes: DNA/protein binding mode and anticancer activity are related to the complex structure. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
31
|
Riccardi C, Musumeci D, Trifuoggi M, Irace C, Paduano L, Montesarchio D. Anticancer Ruthenium(III) Complexes and Ru(III)-Containing Nanoformulations: An Update on the Mechanism of Action and Biological Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:E146. [PMID: 31561546 PMCID: PMC6958509 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The great advances in the studies on metal complexes for the treatment of different cancer forms, starting from the pioneering works on platinum derivatives, have fostered an increasingly growing interest in their properties and biomedical applications. Among the various metal-containing drugs investigated thus far, ruthenium(III) complexes have emerged for their selective cytotoxic activity in vitro and promising anticancer properties in vivo, also leading to a few candidates in advanced clinical trials. Aiming at addressing the solubility, stability and cellular uptake issues of low molecular weight Ru(III)-based compounds, some research groups have proposed the development of suitable drug delivery systems (e.g., taking advantage of nanoparticles, liposomes, etc.) able to enhance their activity compared to the naked drugs. This review highlights the unique role of Ru(III) complexes in the current panorama of anticancer agents, with particular emphasis on Ru-containing nanoformulations based on the incorporation of the Ru(III) complexes into suitable nanocarriers in order to enhance their bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties. Preclinical evaluation of these nanoaggregates is discussed with a special focus on the investigation of their mechanism of action at a molecular level, highlighting their pharmacological potential in tumour disease models and value for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Domenica Musumeci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sarkar A, Acharya S, Khushvant K, Purkait K, Mukherjee A. Cytotoxic Ru II-p-cymene complexes of an anthraimidazoledione: halide dependent solution stability, reactivity and resistance to hypoxia deactivation. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7187-7197. [PMID: 30601545 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04687e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RuII-(η6-p-cymene) complexes of anthraimidazoldione (PAIDH) based ligand bearing the formula [RuII(η6-p-cymene)(PAIDH)(X)]+ (where, X = Cl, Br and I) showed excellent in vitro antiproliferative activity (IC50 range 1-2 μM) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), human pancreatic carcinoma (MIA PaCa-2) and triple negative human metastatic breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231). The ESI-MS and 1H NMR data show that the complexes are stable in aqueous solution at pH 7.4 (4 mM NaCl) with less than 10% hydrolysis in 24 h. However, when the coordinated halide is bromo (2) or iodo (3), the complex exchanges the halide with chloride in solution. The exchange is dependent on chloride concentration. Fastest chloride exchange was observed for the bromo complex 2 and slowest for the iodo complex 3 showing the higher kinetic inertness of the latter. Complex 3 exhibits the weakest interaction with glutathione (GSH) and 9-ethylguanine (9-EtG) in the series. ESI-MS studies of a 20% methanolic solution of 3 in 4 mM aqueous NaCl showed 80% intact complex even after 24 h of incubation with 9-EtG or GSH. 1-3 show similar in vitro cytotoxicity profile, but based on combined results from solution stability and cytotoxicity, the iodo complex 3 seems to be the best one in the series. There is no deterioration of toxicity under hypoxia or by induction of GSH in HepG2 cells. The low cytotoxicity of the complexes against difficult to treat triple negative breast carcinoma viz. MDA-MB-231 in vitro (IC50 = 1.5 ± 0.1 μM) is very encouraging, compared with cytotoxicity of clinical drug cisplatin (IC50 = 37.2 ± 2.5 μM). The complexes can alter mitochondrial membrane potential, arrest the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase and kill cells via apoptosis. They inhibit migration of the metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells at IC20 dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur campus-741246, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jiang GB, Zhang WY, He M, Gu YY, Bai L, Wang YJ, Yi QY, Du F. Anticancer activity of two ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes toward Hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2 cells. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
34
|
Modulation of the solubility properties of arene ruthenium complexes bearing stannyl ligands as potential anti-cancer agents. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
35
|
Zhang H, Song Y, Li L, Zhang SY, Wu Q, Mei WJ, Liu HM, Wang XC. Phenanthroimidazole derivatives act as potentinducer of autophagy by activating DNA damage pathway. Bioorg Chem 2019; 88:102940. [PMID: 31028991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.102940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of imidazo[4,5f][1,10]phenanthroline derivatives (1-6) have been synthesized in this study, and their inhibitory activity was evaluated by MTT assay. Results showed that all of these compounds demonstrate a promising inhibitory activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines. The 6, the most effective compound with IC50 of approximately 2.3 ± 0.1 µM, was against the growth and could induce autophagy of HepG2 cells. This condition was confirmed by abundant autophagic vacuoles appearing in cells and evident ultrastructural changes observed under transmission electron microscopy. The autophage induced by 6 has also been demonstrated by up-regulating LC3-II and Beclin1. The apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest through DSB damage have also been confirmed after the HepG2 cells were treated by 6. These multiple effects, especially induction apoptosis and autophagy, indicate the potential of 6 for development as a novel anticancer drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yue Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Centre for Molecular Probe and Biomedicine Imagining, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shuang-Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Centre for Molecular Probe and Biomedicine Imagining, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Centre for Molecular Probe and Biomedicine Imagining, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Wen-Jie Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Centre for Molecular Probe and Biomedicine Imagining, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hui-Min Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xi-Cheng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
New Heteroleptic Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Sulfamethoxypyridazine and Diimines as Potential Antitumor Agents. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112154. [PMID: 31181667 PMCID: PMC6600252 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new complexes of Ru(II) with mixed ligands were prepared: [Ru(bpy)2smp](PF6) (1) and [Ru(phen)2smp](PF6) (2), in which smp = sulfamethoxypyridazine; bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline. The complexes have been characterized by elemental and conductivity analyses; infrared, NMR, and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopies; and X-ray diffraction of single crystal. Structural analyses reveal a distorted octahedral geometry around Ru(II) that is bound to two bpy (in 1) or two phen (in 2) via their two heterocyclic nitrogens and to two nitrogen atoms from sulfamethoxypyridazine—one of the methoxypyridazine ring and the sulfonamidic nitrogen, which is deprotonated. Both complexes inhibit the growth of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. The interaction of the complexes with bovine serum albumin and DNA is described. DNA footprinting using an oligonucleotide as substrate showed the complexes’ preference for thymine base rich sites. It is worth notifying that the complexes interact with the Src homology SH3 domain of the Abl tyrosine kinase protein. Abl protein is involved in signal transduction and implicated in the development of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of the interaction of complex 2 with the Abl-SH3 domain showed that the most affected residues were T79, G97, W99, and Y115.
Collapse
|
37
|
NAMI-A and KP1019/1339, Two Iconic Ruthenium Anticancer Drug Candidates Face-to-Face: A Case Story in Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101995. [PMID: 31137659 PMCID: PMC6571951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
NAMI-A ((ImH)[trans-RuCl4(dmso-S)(Im)], Im = imidazole) and KP1019/1339 (KP1019 = (IndH)[trans-RuCl4(Ind)2], Ind = indazole; KP1339 = Na[trans-RuCl4(Ind)2]) are two structurally related ruthenium(III) coordination compounds that have attracted a lot of attention in the medicinal inorganic chemistry scientific community as promising anticancer drug candidates. This has led to a considerable amount of studies on their respective chemico-biological features and to the eventual admission of both to clinical trials. The encouraging pharmacological performances qualified KP1019 mainly as a cytotoxic agent for the treatment of platinum-resistant colorectal cancers, whereas the non-cytotoxic NAMI-A has gained the reputation of being a very effective antimetastatic drug. A critical and strictly comparative analysis of the studies conducted so far on NAMI-A and KP1019 allows us to define the state of the art of these experimental ruthenium drugs in terms of the respective pharmacological profiles and potential clinical applications, and to gain some insight into the inherent molecular mechanisms. Despite their evident structural relatedness, deeply distinct biological and pharmacological profiles do emerge. Overall, these two iconic ruthenium complexes form an exemplary and unique case in the field of medicinal inorganic chemistry.
Collapse
|
38
|
Al-Masoudi WA, Al-Masoudi NA. A ruthenium complexes of monastrol and its pyrimidine analogues: Synthesis and biological properties. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2019.1597362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wasfi A. Al-Masoudi
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Chemistry, College of Veterinary, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Najim A. Al-Masoudi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tabares JPG, Santos RLS, Cassiano JL, Zaim MH, Honorato J, Batista AA, Teixeira SF, Ferreira AK, Viana RB, Martínez SQ, Stábile AC, de Oliveira Silva D. A Ru(II)-p-cymene compound bearing naproxen-pyridineamide. Synthesis, spectroscopic studies, computational analysis and in vitro anticancer activity against lung cells compared to Ru(II)-p-cymene-naproxen and the corresponding drug ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
40
|
Xu L, Zhang PP, Fang XQ, Liu Y, Wang JQ, Zhou HZ, Chen ST, Chao H. A ruthenium(II) complex containing a p-cresol group induces apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress and reactive oxygen species production. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 191:126-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
41
|
Massoud SS, Louka FR, Tusa AF, Bordelon NE, Fischer RC, Mautner FA, Vančo J, Hošek J, Dvořák Z, Trávníček Z. Copper(ii) complexes based on tripodal pyridyl amine derivatives as efficient anticancer agents. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00061e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro cytotoxicity of a series of chlorido-Cu(ii) complexes based on tripod pyridyl N4-donor derivatives revealed significant-to-moderate cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines with the best results obtained for [Cu(BQPA)Cl]ClO4/PF6 (5-ClO4/PF6) with IC50 values of 4.7–10.8 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salah S. Massoud
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
| | - Febee R. Louka
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
| | - Ada F. Tusa
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette
- Lafayette
- USA
| | | | - Roland C. Fischer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemische
- Technische Universität Graz
- A-8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Franz A. Mautner
- Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie
- Technische Universität Graz
- Graz
- Austria
| | - Ján Vančo
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University
- CZ-783 71 Olomouc
| | - Jan Hošek
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University
- CZ-783 71 Olomouc
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University
- CZ-783 71 Olomouc
| | - Zdeněk Trávníček
- Division of Biologically Active Complexes and Molecular Magnets
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Faculty of Science
- Palacký University
- CZ-783 71 Olomouc
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sun B, Musgrave IF, Day AI, Heimann K, Keene FR, Collins JG. Eukaryotic Cell Toxicity and HSA Binding of [Ru(Me 4phen)(bb 7)] 2+ and the Effect of Encapsulation in Cucurbit[10]uril. Front Chem 2018; 6:595. [PMID: 30560120 PMCID: PMC6287197 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity (IC50) of a series of mononuclear ruthenium complexes containing bis[4(4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridyl)]-1,n-alkane (bbn) as a tetradentate ligand against three eukaryotic cell lines—BHK (baby hamster kidney), Caco-2 (heterogeneous human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma) and Hep-G2 (liver carcinoma)—have been determined. The results demonstrate that cis-α-[Ru(Me4phen)(bb7)]2+ (designated as α-Me4phen-bb7, where Me4phen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) showed little toxicity toward the three cell lines, and was considerably less toxic than cis-α-[Ru(phen)(bb12)]2+ (α-phen-bb12) and the dinuclear complex [{Ru(phen)2}2{μ-bb12}]4+. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to study the binding of the ruthenium complexes with human serum albumin (HSA). The binding of α-Me4phen-bb7 to the macrocyclic host molecule cucurbit[10]uril (Q[10]) was examined by NMR spectroscopy. Large upfield 1H NMR chemical shift changes observed for the methylene protons in the bb7 ligand upon addition of Q[10], coupled with the observation of several intermolecular ROEs in ROESY spectra, indicated that α-Me4phen-bb7 bound Q[10] with the bb7 methylene carbons within the cavity and the metal center positioned outside one of the portals. Simple molecular modeling confirmed the feasibility of the binding model. An α-Me4phen-bb7-Q[10] binding constant of 9.9 ± 0.2 × 106 M−1 was determined by luminescence spectroscopy. Q[10]-encapsulation decreased the toxicity of α-Me4phen-bb7 against the three eukaryotic cell lines and increased the binding affinity of the ruthenium complex for HSA. Confocal microscopy experiments indicated that the level of accumulation of α-Me4phen-7 in BHK cells is not significantly affected by Q[10]-encapsulation. Taken together, the combined results suggest that α-Me4phen-7 could be a good candidate as a new antimicrobial agent, and Q[10]-encapsulation could be a method to improve the pharmacokinetics of the ruthenium complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Sun
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ian F Musgrave
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anthony I Day
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Kirsten Heimann
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - F Richard Keene
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine/Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - J Grant Collins
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Scattolin T, Caligiuri I, Canovese L, Demitri N, Gambari R, Lampronti I, Rizzolio F, Santo C, Visentin F. Synthesis of new allyl palladium complexes bearing purine-based NHC ligands with antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities on human ovarian cancer cell lines. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:13616-13630. [PMID: 30207339 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01831f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of new palladium allyl complexes bearing purine-based carbenes derived from caffeine, theophylline and theobromine have been prepared and characterized by NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis and in two cases by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxic and proapoptotic activities of compounds have been determined in vitro on human ovarian cancer A2780 and SKOV-3 cell lines. These experiments have shown that the palladium-allyl fragment induces a general cytotoxicity, but the choice of the supporting ligands is of paramount importance for achieving the best results. In particular complexes 4c, 4d and 5d exhibit a higher antiproliferative effect (IC50: 0.09, 0.81 and 0.85 μM respectively) than cisplatin (IC50: 1.5 μM) on A2780 cells, and 4d (IC50: 1.7 μM vs. 5.94 μM) on SKOV-3 cell line. Moreover in many cases it has been proved that the cytotoxicity of our complexes is associated with the induction of apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari, Campus Scientifico Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia-Mestre, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Englinger B, Pirker C, Heffeter P, Terenzi A, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Berger W. Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1519-1624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li X, Gorle AK, Sundaraneedi MK, Keene FR, Collins JG. Kinetically-inert polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes as therapeutic agents. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
46
|
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of three metalla-rectangles of the general formula [Ru4(η6-p-cymene)4(μ4-clip)2(μ2-Lanthr)2][CF3SO3]4 (Lanthr: 9,10-bis(3,3’-ethynylpyridyl) anthracene; clip = oxa: oxalato; dobq: 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzoquinonato; donq: 5,8-dioxido-1,4-naphthoquinonato) are presented. The molecular structure of the metalla-rectangle [Ru4(η6-p-cymene)4(μ4-oxa)2(μ2-Lanthr)2]4+ has been confirmed by the single-crystal X-ray structure analysis of [Ru4(η6-p-cymene)4(μ4-oxa)2(μ2-Lanthr)2][CF3SO3]4 · 4 acetone (A2 · 4 acetone), thus showing the anthracene moieties to be available for reaction with oxygen. While the formation of the endoperoxide form of Lanthr was observed in solution upon white light irradiation, the same reaction does not occur when Lanthr is part of the metalla-assemblies.
Collapse
|
47
|
He SF, Chen BB, Hao YH, Chen JX, Song XD, Mei J, Chen WX, Sun J. Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of two Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(dpq)2L](PF6)2 (L = maip, paip). Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
48
|
Biancalana L, Batchelor LK, Funaioli T, Zacchini S, Bortoluzzi M, Pampaloni G, Dyson PJ, Marchetti F. α-Diimines as Versatile, Derivatizable Ligands in Ruthenium(II) p-Cymene Anticancer Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6669-6685. [PMID: 29790340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
α-Diimines are among the most robust and versatile ligands available in synthetic coordination chemistry, possessing finely tunable steric and electronic properties. A series of novel cationic ruthenium(II) p-cymene complexes bearing simple α-diimine ligands, [(η6- p-cymene)RuCl{κ2 N-(HCNR)2}]NO3 (R = Cy, [1]NO3; R = 4-C6H10OH, [2]NO3; R = 4-C6H4OH, [3]NO3), were prepared in near-quantitative yields as their nitrate salts. [2]NO3 displays high water solubility. The potential of the α-diimine ligand in [3]NO3 as a carrier of bioactive molecules was investigated via esterification reactions with the hydroxyl groups. Thus, the double-functionalized derivatives [(η6- p-cymene)RuCl{κ2 N-(HCN(4-C6H4OCO-R))2}]NO3 (R = aspirinate, [5]NO3; valproate, [6]NO3) and also [4]Cl (R = Me) were obtained in good-to-high yields. UV-vis and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetric studies in aqueous solution revealed only minor ruthenium chloride hydrolytic cleavage, biologically accessible reduction potentials, and pH-dependent behavior of [3]NO3. Density functional theory analysis was performed in order to compare the Ru-Cl bond strength in [1]+ with the analogous ethylenediamine complex, showing that the higher stability observed in the former is related to the electron-withdrawing properties of the α-diimine ligand. In vitro cytotoxicity studies were performed against tumorigenic (A2780 and A2780cisR) and nontumorigenic (HEK-293) cell lines, with the complexes bearing simple α-diimine ligands ranging from inactive to IC50 values in the low micromolar range. The complexes functionalized with bioactive components, i.e., [5]NO3 and [6]NO3, exhibited a marked increase in the cytotoxicity with respect to the precursor [3]NO3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Biancalana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale , Università di Pisa , Via G. Moruzzi 13 , I-56124 Pisa , Italy
| | - Lucinda K Batchelor
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Tiziana Funaioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale , Università di Pisa , Via G. Moruzzi 13 , I-56124 Pisa , Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari" , Università di Bologna , Viale Risorgimento 4 , I-40136 Bologna , Italy
| | - Marco Bortoluzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi , Università Ca' Foscari Venezia , Via Torino 155 , I-30170 Mestre, Venice , Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale , Università di Pisa , Via G. Moruzzi 13 , I-56124 Pisa , Italy
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale , Università di Pisa , Via G. Moruzzi 13 , I-56124 Pisa , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu J, Zhang C, Rees TW, Ke L, Ji L, Chao H. Harnessing ruthenium(II) as photodynamic agents: Encouraging advances in cancer therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
50
|
Silva CD, Paz IA, Abreu FD, de Sousa AP, Veríssimo CP, Nascimento NR, Paulo TF, Zampieri D, Eberlin MN, Gondim AC, Andrade LC, Carvalho IM, Sousa EH, Lopes LG. Thiocarbonyl-bound metallonitrosyl complexes with visible-light induced DNA cleavage and promising vasodilation activity. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 182:83-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|