1
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Pu Y, Chen JL, Zhao JW, Feng L, Zhu J, Jiang X, Li WX, Liu JX. Nature of the Active Center for the Oxygen Reduction on Ag-Based Single-Atom Alloy Clusters. JACS AU 2024; 4:2886-2895. [PMID: 39211593 PMCID: PMC11350582 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of alternative alloy catalysts with high activity, surpassing platinum group metals, for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is urgently needed in the field of electrocatalysis. The Ag-based single-atom alloy (AgSAA) cluster has been proposed as a promising catalyst for the ORR; however, enhancing its activity under operational conditions remains challenging due to limited insights into its actual active site. Here, we demonstrate that the operando formation of the MO x (OH) y complex serves as the key active site for catalyzing the ORR over AgSAA cluster catalysts, as revealed through comprehensive neural network potential molecular dynamics simulations combined with first-principles calculations. The volcano plot of the ORR over the MO x (OH) y complex addresses the gaps inherent in traditional metallic alloy models for pure AgSAA cluster catalysts in ORR catalysis. The appropriate orbital hybridization between OH and the dopant metal in the MO x (OH) y complexes indicated that the Ag54Co1, Ag54Pd1, and Ag54Au1 clusters are optimal AgSAA catalysts for the ORR. Our work underscores the significance of theoretical modeling considering the reaction atmosphere in uncovering the true active site for the ORR, which can be extended to other reaction systems for rational catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Pu
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jia-Lan Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jian-Wen Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Li Feng
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinze Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xuechun Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wei-Xue Li
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei
National Laboratory, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Jin-Xun Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei
National Laboratory, University of Science
and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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2
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Khdary NH, El-Gohary ARM, Galal A, Alhassan AM, Alzahrain SD. Cu-P@silica-CNT-based catalyst for effective electrolytic water splitting in an alkaline medium with hydrazine assistance. RSC Adv 2024; 14:25830-25843. [PMID: 39156752 PMCID: PMC11327855 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03998j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we prepared a potential catalyst as an electrode modifier for electrolytic water splitting. In the preparation step, the amine was decorated with copper-phosphorus. It was immobilized over the silica surface, and the surface was engineered using N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl)ethylenediamine for the synthesis of the catalysts (AS). The morphological and structural aspects of the catalyst (AFS-Cu-P) were determined using FE-SEM/EDAX, FTIR, elemental analysis, BET, TGA, and XPS. The catalyst's efficacy for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was assessed in an alkaline medium with and without hydrazine. The hydrazine oxidation reaction enhanced the sluggish OER and facilitated water splitting. Detailed electrochemical measurements confirmed an increase in the kinetics of the process and a reduction in the activation energy needed to complete the process. The Tafel slopes, charge transfer coefficients, exchange-specific current densities, apparent rate constants, and diffusion coefficients are provided along with their respective values. The results showed that the presence of Cu and CNT is crucial in the conversion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezar H Khdary
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh 11442 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Galal
- Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Alhassan
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh 11442 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami D Alzahrain
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh 11442 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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3
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Han Y, Ma Z, Wang X, Sun G. Fabrication of N and S co-doped lignin-based porous carbon aerogels loaded with FeCo alloys and their application to oxygen evolution and reduction reactions in Zn-air batteries. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132961. [PMID: 38848846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Zn-air batteries are a highly promising clean energy sustainable conversion technology, and the design of dual-function electrocatalysts with excellent activity and stability is crucial for their development. In this work, FeCo alloy loaded biomass-based N and S co-doped carbon aerogels (FeCo@NS-LCA) were fabricated from chitosan and lignosulfonate-metal chelates via liquid nitrogen pre-frozen synergistic high-temperature carbonization with application in electrocatalytic reactions. The abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on lignosulfonates have a chelating effect on metal ions, which can avoid the aggregation of metal nanoparticles during carbonation and catalysis, facilitating the construction of a nanoconfinement catalytic system with biomass carbon as the domain-limiting body and FeCo nanoparticles as the active sites. FeCo@NS-LCA exhibited catalytic activity (E1/2 = 0.87 V, JL = 5.7 mA cm-2) comparable to the commercial Pt/C in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), excellent resistance to methanol toxicity and stability. Meanwhile, the overpotential of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was 324 mV, close to that of commercial RuO2 catalysts (351 mV). This study utilizes the coordination action of lignosulfonate to provide a novel and environmentally friendly method for the preparation of confined nano-catalysts and provides a new perspective for the high-value utilization of biomass resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zihao Ma
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Guangwei Sun
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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4
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Chen C, Jin H, Wang P, Sun X, Jaroniec M, Zheng Y, Qiao SZ. Local reaction environment in electrocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2022-2055. [PMID: 38204405 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00669g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Beyond conventional electrocatalyst engineering, recent studies have unveiled the effectiveness of manipulating the local reaction environment in enhancing the performance of electrocatalytic reactions. The general principles and strategies of local environmental engineering for different electrocatalytic processes have been extensively investigated. This review provides a critical appraisal of the recent advancements in local reaction environment engineering, aiming to comprehensively assess this emerging field. It presents the interactions among surface structure, ions distribution and local electric field in relation to the local reaction environment. Useful protocols such as the interfacial reactant concentration, mass transport rate, adsorption/desorption behaviors, and binding energy are in-depth discussed toward modifying the local reaction environment. Meanwhile, electrode physical structures and reaction cell configurations are viable optimization methods in engineering local reaction environments. In combination with operando investigation techniques, we conclude that rational modifications of the local reaction environment can significantly enhance various electrocatalytic processes by optimizing the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the reaction interface. We also outline future research directions to attain a comprehensive understanding and effective modulation of the local reaction environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Huanyu Jin
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Pengtang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Xiaogang Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Mietek Jaroniec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Yao Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Shi-Zhang Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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5
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Khanam S, Saikia S, Lee S, Park YB, Zaki MEA, Bania KK. Interfacial Effect-Induced Electrocatalytic Activity of Spinel Cobalt Oxide in Methanol Oxidation Reaction. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:44964-44976. [PMID: 38046355 PMCID: PMC10688207 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, spinel cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles without combining with any other metal atoms have been decorated through the influence of two hard templating agents, viz., zeolite-Y and carboxy-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNT). The adornment of the Co3O4 nanoparticles, through the combined impact of the aluminosilicate and carbon framework has resulted in quantum interference, causing the reversal of signatory Raman peaks of Co3O4. Apart from the construction of small Co3O4 nanoparticles at the interface of the two matrices, the particles were aligned along the direction of COOH-MWCNT. The catalyst Co3O4-Y-MWCNT exhibited excellent catalytic activity toward the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in comparison to Co3O4-Y, Co3O4-MWCNT, and bared Co3O4 with the current density of 0.92 A mg-1 at an onset potential of 1.33 V versus RHE. The material demonstrated persistent electrocatalytic activity up to 300 potential cycles and 20,000 s without substantial current density loss. High surface area of zeolite-Y in combination with the excellent conductivity of the COOH-MWCNT enhanced the electrocatalytic performance of the catalyst. The simplicity of synthesis, scale-up, and remarkable electrocatalytic activity of the catalyst Co3O4-Y-MWCNT provided an effective way toward the development of anode materials for direct methanol fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma
A. Khanam
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Sayanika Saikia
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Seonghwan Lee
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National
Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Bin Park
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National
Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Magdi E. A. Zaki
- Department
of Chemistry, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic
University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kusum K. Bania
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
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6
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Wang H, Pei Y, Wang K, Zuo Y, Wei M, Xiong J, Zhang P, Chen Z, Shang N, Zhong D, Pei P. First-Row Transition Metals for Catalyzing Oxygen Redox. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304863. [PMID: 37469215 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable zinc-air batteries are widely recognized as a highly promising technology for energy conversion and storage, offering a cost-effective and viable alternative to commercial lithium-ion batteries due to their unique advantages. However, the practical application and commercialization of zinc-air batteries are hindered by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Recently, extensive research has focused on the potential of first-row transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) as promising alternatives to noble metals in bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalysts, leveraging their high-efficiency electrocatalytic activity and excellent durability. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent advancements in the mechanisms of ORR/OER, the performance of bifunctional electrocatalysts, and the preparation strategies employed for electrocatalysts based on first-row transition metals in alkaline media for zinc-air batteries. The paper concludes by proposing several challenges and highlighting emerging research trends for the future development of bifunctional electrocatalysts based on first-row transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengwei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yu Pei
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Keliang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yayu Zuo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Manhui Wei
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianyin Xiong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Nuo Shang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Daiyuan Zhong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Pucheng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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7
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Clausen CM, Krysiak OA, Banko L, Pedersen JK, Schuhmann W, Ludwig A, Rossmeisl J. A Flexible Theory for Catalysis: Learning Alkaline Oxygen Reduction on Complex Solid Solutions within the Ag-Pd-Pt-Ru Composition Space. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307187. [PMID: 37534574 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Compositionally complex materials such as high-entropy alloys and oxides have the potential to be efficient platforms for catalyst discovery because of the vast chemical space spanned by these novel materials. Identifying the composition of the most active catalyst materials, however, requires unraveling the descriptor-activity relationship, as experimentally screening the multitude of possible element ratios quickly becomes a daunting task. In this work, we show that inferred adsorption energy distributions of *OH and *O on complex solid solution surfaces within the space spanned by the system Ag-Pd-Pt-Ru are coupled to the experimentally observed electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction. In total, the catalytic activity of 1582 alloy compositions is predicted with a cross-validated mean absolute error of 0.042 mA/cm2 by applying a theory-derived model with only two adjustable parameters. Trends in the discrepancies between predicted electrochemical performance values of the model and the measured values on thin film surfaces subsequently provide insight into the alloys' surface compositions during reaction conditions. Bridging this gap between computationally modeled and experimentally observed catalytic activities, not only reveals insight into the underlying theory of catalysis but also takes a step closer to realizing exploration and exploitation of high-entropy materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Clausen
- Center for High-Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olga A Krysiak
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars Banko
- Materials Discovery and Interfaces, Institute for Materials, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jack K Pedersen
- Center for High-Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alfred Ludwig
- Materials Discovery and Interfaces, Institute for Materials, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Center for High-Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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8
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Wei K, Lin H, Zhao X, Zhao Z, Marinkovic N, Morales M, Huang Z, Perlmutter L, Guan H, Harris C, Chi M, Lu G, Sasaki K, Sun S. Au/Pt Bimetallic Nanowires with Stepped Pt Sites for Enhanced C-C Cleavage in C2+ Alcohol Electro-oxidation Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19076-19085. [PMID: 37606196 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Efficient C-C bond cleavage and oxidation of alcohols to CO2 is the key to developing highly efficient alcohol fuel cells for renewable energy applications. In this work, we report the synthesis of core/shell Au/Pt nanowires (NWs) with stepped Pt clusters deposited along the ultrathin (2.3 nm) stepped Au NWs as an active catalyst to effectively oxidize alcohols to CO2. The catalytic oxidation reaction is dependent on the Au/Pt ratios, and the Au1.0/Pt0.2 NWs have the largest percentage (∼75%) of stepped Au/Pt sites and show the highest activity for ethanol electro-oxidation, reaching an unprecedented 196.9 A/mgPt (32.5 A/mgPt+Au). This NW catalyst is also active in catalyzing the oxidation of other primary alcohols, such as methanol, n-propanol, and ethylene glycol. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy are used to characterize the catalyst structure and to identify key reaction intermediates, providing concrete evidence that the synergy between the low-coordinated Pt sites and the stepped Au NWs is essential to catalyze the alcohol oxidation reaction, which is further supported by DFT calculations that the C-C bond cleavage is indeed enhanced on the undercoordinated Pt-Au surface. Our study provides important evidence that a core/shell structure with stepped core/shell sites is essential to enhance electrochemical oxidation of alcohols and will also be central to understanding electro-oxidation reactions and to the future development of highly efficient direct alcohol fuel cells for renewable energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Honghong Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Xueru Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Zhonglong Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Nebojsa Marinkovic
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Michael Morales
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Zhennan Huang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Laura Perlmutter
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Huanqin Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Cooro Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Miaofang Chi
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, United States
| | - Kotaro Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Shouheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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9
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Na J, Park K, Kwon SJ. Single-Entity Electrochemistry in the Agarose Hydrogel: Observation of Enhanced Signal Uniformity and Signal-to-Noise Ratio. Gels 2023; 9:537. [PMID: 37504416 PMCID: PMC10379969 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For the first time, single-entity electrochemistry (SEE) was demonstrated in a hydrogel matrix. SEE involves the investigation of the electrochemical characteristics of individual nanoparticles (NPs) by observing the signal generated when a single NP, suspended in an aqueous solution, collides with an electrode and triggers catalytic reactions. Challenges associated with SEE in electrolyte-containing solutions such as signal variation due to NP aggregation and noise fluctuation caused by convection phenomena can be addressed by employing a hydrogel matrix. The polymeric hydrogel matrix acts as a molecular sieve, effectively filtering out unexpected signals generated by aggregated NPs, resulting in more uniform signal observations compared to the case in a solution. Additionally, the hydrogel environment can reduce the background current fluctuations caused by natural convection and other factors such as impurities, facilitating easier signal analysis. Specifically, we performed SEE of platinum (Pt) NPs for hydrazine oxidation within the agarose hydrogel to observe the electrocatalytic reaction at a single NP level. The consistent porous structure of the agarose hydrogel leads to differential diffusion rates between individual NPs and reactants, resulting in variations in signal magnitude, shape, and frequency. The changes in the signal were analyzed in response to gel concentration variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaedo Na
- Department of Chemistry, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoon Park
- Department of Chemistry and Cosmetics, Jeju Nation University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jung Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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10
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Gupta D, Kafle A, Nagaiah TC. Dinitrogen Reduction Coupled with Methanol Oxidation for Low Overpotential Electrochemical NH 3 Synthesis Over Cobalt Pyrophosphate as Bifunctional Catalyst. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2208272. [PMID: 36922907 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical dinitrogen (N2 ) reduction to ammonia (NH3 ) coupled with methanol electro-oxidation is presented in the current work. Here, methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) is proposed as an alternative anode reaction to oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to accomplish electrons-induced reduction of N2 to NH3 at cathode and oxidation of methanol at anode in alkaline media thereby reducing the overall cell voltage for ammonia production. Cobalt pyrophosphate micro-flowers assembled by nanosheets are synthesized via a surfactant-assisted sonochemical approach. By virtue of structural and morphological advantages, the maximum Faradaic efficiency of 43.37% and NH3 yield rate of 159.6 µg h-1 mgca -1 is achieved at a potential of -0.2 V versus RHE. The proposed catalyst is shown to also exhibit a very high activity (100 mA mg-1 at 1.48 V), durability (2 h) and production of value-added formic acid at anode (2.78 µmol h-1 mgcat -1 and F.E. of 59.2%). The overall NH3 synthesis is achieved at a reduced cell voltage of 1.6 V (200 mV less than NRR-OER coupled NH3 synthesis) when OER at anode is replaced with MOR and a high NH3 yield rate of 95.2 µg h-1 mgcat -1 and HCOOH formation rate of 2.53 µmol h-1 mg-1 are witnessed under full-cell conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyani Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, 140001, India
| | - Alankar Kafle
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, 140001, India
| | - Tharamani C Nagaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, 140001, India
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11
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Ryu SY, Hoffmann MR. α-NiO/Ni(OH) 2/AgNP/F-Graphene Composite for Energy Storage Application. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:10906-10918. [PMID: 37008082 PMCID: PMC10061603 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP/F-graphene composite, which is silver nanoparticles preanchored on the surface of fluorinated graphene (AgNP/FG) and then added to α-NiO/Ni(OH)2, is investigated as a potential battery material. The addition of AgNP/FG endows the electrochemical redox reaction of α-NiO/Ni(OH)2 with a synergistic effect, resulting in enhanced Faradaic efficiency with the redox reactions of silver accompanied by the OER and the ORR. It resulted in enhanced specific capacitance (F g-1) and capacity (mA h g-1). The specific capacitance of α-NiO/Ni(OH)2 increased from 148 to 356 F g-1 with the addition of AgNP(20)/FG, while it increased to 226 F g-1 with the addition of AgNPs alone without F-graphene. The specific capacitance of α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP(20)/FG further increased up to 1153 F g-1 with a change in the voltage scan rate from 20 to 5 mV/s and the Nafion-free α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP(20)/FG composite. In a similar trend, the specific capacity of α-NiO/Ni(OH)2 increased from 266 to 545 mA h g-1 by the addition of AgNP(20)/FG. The performance of hybrid Zn-Ni/Ag/air electrochemical reactions by α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP(200)/FG and Zn-coupled electrodes indicates a potential for a secondary battery. It results in a specific capacity of 1200 mA h g-1 and a specific energy of 660 W h kg-1, which is divided into Zn-Ni reactions of ∼95 W h kg-1 and Zn-Ag/air reactions of ∼420 W h kg-1, while undergoing a Zn-air reaction of ∼145 W h kg-1.
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12
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Villanueva-Martínez N, Alegre C, Martínez-Visús I, Lázaro M. Bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts based on non-critical raw materials: Carbon nanostructures and iron-doped manganese oxide nanowires. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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13
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Mehrpooya M, Ganjali MR, Mousavi SA, Hedayat N, Allahyarzadeh A. Comprehensive Review of Fuel-Cell-Type Sensors for Gas Detection. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mehrpooya
- Department of Renewable Energies and Environment, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran1439957131, Iran
- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran1439957131, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran1417614411, Iran
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran1439957131, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavi
- Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Laboratory, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran1439957131, Iran
| | - Nader Hedayat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio44325, United States
| | - Ali Allahyarzadeh
- Department of Renewable Energies and Environment, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran1439957131, Iran
- Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo68503, Brazil
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14
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Hopsort G, Carmo DPD, Latapie L, Loubière K, Serrano KG, Tzedakis T. Progress toward a better understanding of the urea oxidation by electromediation of Ni(II)/Ni(III) system in alkaline media. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.141898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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15
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Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction on 48-Tungsto-8-Phosphate Wheel Anchored on Carbon Nanomaterials. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-022-00792-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Wu Y, Muthukrishnan A, Nagata S, Nabae Y. Tafel Slope Analysis from Inherent Rate Constants for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Over N-doped Carbon and Fe–N-doped Carbon Electrocatalysts. CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-022-09381-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Liu C, Li Y, Cui J, Qian Z, Liu D. Fabrication of ORR/OER Electrocatalysts with simple one-step strategy from sustainable cornstalks. CATAL COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2022.106525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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18
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Souza FM, Pinheiro VS, Gentil TC, Lucchetti LE, Silva J, L.M.G. Santos M, De Oliveira I, Dourado WM, Amaral-Labat G, Okamoto S, Santos MC. Alkaline direct liquid fuel cells: Advances, challenges and perspectives. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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19
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Ruan J, Chen Y, Zhao G, Li P, Zhang B, Jiang Y, Ma T, Pan H, Dou SX, Sun W. Cobalt Single Atoms Enabling Efficient Methanol Oxidation Reaction on Platinum Anchored on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107067. [PMID: 35491508 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient platinum (Pt)-based electrocatalysts with high tolerance to CO poisoning for the methanol oxidation reaction is critical for the development of direct methanol fuel cells. In this work, cobalt single atoms are introduced to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of N-doped carbon supported Pt (N-C/Pt) for the methanol oxidation reaction. The cobalt single atoms are believed to play a critical role in accelerating the prompt oxidation of CO to CO2 and minimizing the CO blocking of the adjacent Pt active sites. Benefitting from the synergistic effects among the Co single atoms, the Pt nanoparticles, and the N-doped carbon support, the Co-modified N-C/Pt (Co-N-C/Pt) electrocatalyst simultaneously delivers impressive electrocatalytic activity and durability with lower onset potential and superb CO poisoning resistance as compared to the N-C/Pt and the commercial Pt/C electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiufeng Ruan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Yaping Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Bingxing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yinzhu Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Ma
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Hongge Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Shi Xue Dou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Wenping Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
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20
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Lee SY, Lee JY, Jang HW, Son UH, Lee S, Joh HI. Aging effect on the structure formation of active sites in single-atomic catalysts and their electrochemical properties for oxygen reduction reaction. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Milikić J, Knežević S, Stojadinović S, Alsaiari M, Harraz FA, Santos DMF, Šljukić B. Facile Synthesis of Low-Cost Copper-Silver and Cobalt-Silver Alloy Nanoparticles on Reduced Graphene Oxide as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Media. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152657. [PMID: 35957088 PMCID: PMC9370632 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Copper-silver and cobalt-silver alloy nanoparticles deposited on reduced graphene oxide (CuAg/rGO and CoAg/rGO) were synthesized and examined as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen peroxide reduction reaction (HPRR) in alkaline media. Characterization of the prepared samples was done by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy with integrated energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). CuAg/rGO and CoAg/rGO nanoparticles diameter ranged from 0.4 to 9.2 nm. The Ag loading was ca. 40 wt.% for both electrocatalysts, with that for Cu and Co being 35 and 17 wt.%, respectively. CoAg/rGO electrocatalyst showed a Tafel slope of 109 mV dec−1, significantly lower than that for CuAg/rGO (184 mV dec−1), suggesting faster ORR kinetics. Additionally, a higher diffusion current density was obtained for CoAg/rGO (−2.63 mA cm−2) than for CuAg/rGO (−1.74 mA cm−2). The average value of the number of electrons transferred during ORR was 2.8 for CuAg/rGO and 3.3 for CoAg/rGO electrocatalyst, further confirming the higher ORR activity of the latter. On the other hand, CuAg/rGO showed higher peak current densities (−3.96 mA cm−2) for HPRR compared to those recorded for CoAg/rGO electrocatalyst (−1.96 mA cm−2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadranka Milikić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (D.M.F.S.)
| | - Sara Knežević
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Stevan Stojadinović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Mabkhoot Alsaiari
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.A.H.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid A. Harraz
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (F.A.H.)
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Department, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), Helwan 11421, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Diogo M. F. Santos
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies, Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (D.M.F.S.)
| | - Biljana Šljukić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies, Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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22
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Platinum–Dysprosium Alloys as Oxygen Electrodes in Alkaline Media: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142318. [PMID: 35889543 PMCID: PMC9315578 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Platinum–dysprosium (Pt–Dy) alloys prepared by the arc melting technique are assessed as potential electrodes for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) using voltammetry and chronoamperometry in alkaline media. A relatively small change (10 at.%) in the alloy composition brought a notable difference in the alloys’ performance for the ORR. Pt40Dy60 electrode, i.e., the electrode with a lower amount of Pt, was identified to have a higher activity towards ORR as evidenced by lower overpotential and higher current densities under identical experimental conditions. Furthermore, DFT calculations point out the unique single-atom-like coordination and electronic structure of Pt atoms in the Pt40Dy60 surface as responsible for enhanced ORR activity compared to the alloy with a higher Pt content. Additionally, Pt–Dy alloys showed activity in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), with the OER current density lower than that of pure Pt.
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23
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Electrochemical Detection and Analysis of Various Current Responses of a Single Ag Nanoparticle Collision in an Alkaline Electrolyte Solution. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137472. [PMID: 35806475 PMCID: PMC9267213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A single silver (Ag) nanoparticle (NP) collision was observed and analyzed in an alkaline solution using the electrocatalytic amplification (EA) method. Previously, the observation of a single Ag NP collision was only possible through limited methods based on a self-oxidation of Ag NPs or a blocking strategy. However, it is difficult to characterize the electrocatalytic activity of Ag NPs at a single NP level using a method based on the self-oxidation of Ag NPs. When using a blocking strategy, size analysis is difficult owing to the edge effect in the current signal. The fast oxidative dissolution of Ag NPs has been a problem for observing the staircase response of a single Ag NP collision signal using the EA method. In alkaline electrolyte conditions, Ag oxides are stable, and the oxidative dissolution of Ag NPs is sluggish. Therefore, in this study, the enhanced magnitude and frequency of the current response for single Ag NP collisions were obtained using the EA method in an alkaline electrolyte solution. The peak height and frequency of single Ag NP collisions were analyzed and compared with the theoretical estimation.
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24
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Kashinath L, Byrappa K. Ceria Boosting on In Situ Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Oxide for Efficient Bifunctional ORR/OER Activity. Front Chem 2022; 10:889579. [PMID: 35815209 PMCID: PMC9263449 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.889579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a highly efficient and excellent electrocatalyst material for bifunctional oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER) was synthesized using the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. In brief, ultrafine hexagonal cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles were tailored on the layered surface of in situ nitrogen-doped graphene oxide (NGO) sheets. The nanocomposites exhibited a high anodic onset potential of 0.925 V vs. RHE for ORR activity and 1.2 V for OER activity with a very high current density in 0.5 M KOH. The influence of oxygen cluster on Ce3+/Ce4+ ion decoration on outward/inward in situ nitrogen-coupled GO enhanced the physicochemical properties of composites and in turn increased electron transferability. The microwave-assisted hydrothermal coupling technique provides a higher density, active sites on CeO2@NGO composites, and oxygen deficiency structures in ultrafine Ce-O particles and boosts higher charge transferability in the composites. It is believed that the physical states of Ce-N- C, Ce-C=O, and a higher amount of oxygen participation with ceria increase the density of composites that in turn increases the efficiency. N-doped graphene oxide promotes high current conduction and rapid electron transferability while reducing the external transport resistance in oxygen electrocatalysis by sufficient mass transfer through in-built channels. This study may provide insights into the knowledge of Ce-enabled bifunctional activity to guide the design of a robust catalyst for electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Kashinath
- Centre for Materials Science and Technology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
- Experimental Physics Lab, Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Science and Mathematics, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden
- *Correspondence: L. Kashinath,
| | - K. Byrappa
- Centre for Materials Science and Technology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
- Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, India
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25
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Enhancing the electrocatalytic activity of palladium nanocluster tags by selective introduction of gold atoms: Application for a wound infection biomarker detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 200:113926. [PMID: 34990956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an unprecedented study exploring the role that slight changes into the Pd/Au proportion have in the electrocatalytic activity of bimetallic Pd-AuNPs toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is conducted. In particular, a careful control of the amount of Au atoms introduced in the cluster and the evaluation of the optimum Pd:Au ratio for getting the maximum catalytic activity is performed for the first time. First, PdNPs are synthesized by alcohol reduction in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and gold atoms are selectively introduced on vertex or corner positions of the cluster in different amounts following a galvanic substitution procedure. Average elemental analysis done relying on EDX spectroscopy allows to evaluate the Pd:Au ratio in the Pd-AuNPs obtained. Lineal sweep voltammetry and chronoamperometry are used for the evaluation of the Pd-AuNPs electrocatalytic activity toward ORR at a neutral pH compared to PdNPs and AuNPs alone. Our results indicate that, the synergy between both metals is strongly enhanced when the amount of gold is controlled and occupies the more reactive positions of the cluster, reaching a maximum activity for the NPs containing a 30% of gold, while an excess of this metal leads to a decrease in such activity, as a shelter of the PdNPs is achieved. Chronoamperometric analysis allows the quantification of the optimal Pd-AuNPs at over 6 × 109 NPs/mL levels. Such optimal Pd-AuNPs were used as tags, taking advantage of the bio-functionalities of gold present in the cluster, in a proof-of-concept electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of hyaluronidase wound infection biomarker, using magnetic beads as platforms. Hyaluronidase was detected at levels as low as 50 ng/mL (0.02 U/mL; 437 U/mg) with good reproducibility (RSD below 8%) and selectivity (evaluated against bovine serum albumin, immunoglobulin G and lysozyme). The low matrix effects inherent to the use of magnetic bead platforms allowed us to discriminate between wound exudates with both sterile and infected ulcers without sample pre-treatment. This novel electrocatalytic immunoassay has the advantage, over common methods for NP tags electrochemical detection, of the signal generation in the same neutral medium where the immunoassay takes place (10 mM PBS pH 7.4), avoiding the use of additional and hazardous reagents, bringing it closer to their use as point-of-care devices. Overall, our findings may be of great interest not only for biosensing, but also for applications such as energy converting on fuel cells, in which the ORR has a pivotal role.
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26
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Zaera F. Designing Sites in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Are We Reaching Selectivities Competitive With Those of Homogeneous Catalysts? Chem Rev 2022; 122:8594-8757. [PMID: 35240777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A critical review of different prominent nanotechnologies adapted to catalysis is provided, with focus on how they contribute to the improvement of selectivity in heterogeneous catalysis. Ways to modify catalytic sites range from the use of the reversible or irreversible adsorption of molecular modifiers to the immobilization or tethering of homogeneous catalysts and the development of well-defined catalytic sites on solid surfaces. The latter covers methods for the dispersion of single-atom sites within solid supports as well as the use of complex nanostructures, and it includes the post-modification of materials via processes such as silylation and atomic layer deposition. All these methodologies exhibit both advantages and limitations, but all offer new avenues for the design of catalysts for specific applications. Because of the high cost of most nanotechnologies and the fact that the resulting materials may exhibit limited thermal or chemical stability, they may be best aimed at improving the selective synthesis of high value-added chemicals, to be incorporated in organic synthesis schemes, but other applications are being explored as well to address problems in energy production, for instance, and to design greener chemical processes. The details of each of these approaches are discussed, and representative examples are provided. We conclude with some general remarks on the future of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry and UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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27
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Zhang Y, Zhang L, Song C, Qin Y, Lu L, Zhu W, Zhuang Z. Nickel chalcogenides as selective ethanol oxidation electro-catalysts and their structure-performance relationships. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2496-2499. [PMID: 35084407 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07086j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five nickel chalcogenides have been studied and they showed high selectivity towards selective ethanol electro-oxidation to acetic acid. The activities of the different nickel chalcogenides are correlated with the Ni-Ni projected distances of the catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Lipeng Zhang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Chun Song
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yangyuanxiang Qin
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Lianyue Lu
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei Zhu
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zhongbin Zhuang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Environmental Catalysis, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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28
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Multiple Roles of Graphene in Electrocatalysts for Metal-Air Batteries. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Luque-Centeno JM, Martínez-Huerta MV, Sebastián D, Pérez-Rodríguez S, Lázaro MJ. Titanium Dioxide/N-Doped Graphene Composites as Non-Noble Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021; 60:18817-18830. [PMID: 35645458 PMCID: PMC9134212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts are essential in the development of low-temperature unitized regenerative fuel cells (URFCs), as a promising alternative for storing energy via hydrogen. TiO2, as a semiconductor material, is commonly not established as an active electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution due to its poor electrical conductivity and low reactivity. Here, we demonstrated that composites composed of TiO2 and N-doped graphene can be active in oxygen reduction and evolution reactions in an alkaline environment. Combination factors such anatase/rutile interaction, N-doping graphene, and the presence of Ti3+/Ti-N species raise the active sites and improve the electrochemical activity. Our results may afford an opportunity to develop a non-noble and promising electrocatalyst in energy storage technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Luque-Centeno
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica (CSIC), Marie Curie 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Carboquímica (CSIC), Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - David Sebastián
- Instituto de Carboquímica (CSIC), Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Pérez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Carboquímica (CSIC), Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Jesús Lázaro
- Instituto de Carboquímica (CSIC), Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
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30
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Verma AM, Laverdure L, Melander MM, Honkala K. Mechanistic Origins of the pH Dependency in Au-Catalyzed Glycerol Electro-oxidation: Insight from First-Principles Calculations. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anand M. Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Laura Laverdure
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marko M. Melander
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Karoliina Honkala
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
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31
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Xiao F, Wang YC, Wu ZP, Chen G, Yang F, Zhu S, Siddharth K, Kong Z, Lu A, Li JC, Zhong CJ, Zhou ZY, Shao M. Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006292. [PMID: 33749011 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid progress of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells (AMFCs) has boosted the hydrogen economy concept via diverse energy applications in the past decades. For a holistic understanding of the development status of PEMFCs and AMFCs, recent advancements in electrocatalyst design and catalyst layer optimization, along with cell performance in terms of activity and durability in PEMFCs and AMFCs, are summarized here. The activity, stability, and fuel cell performance of different types of electrocatalysts for both oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction are discussed and compared. Research directions on the further development of active, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts to meet the ultimate commercialization of PEMFCs and AMFCs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shangqian Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kumar Siddharth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhijie Kong
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Aolin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Jin-Cheng Li
- Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Chuan-Jian Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Zhi-You Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Energy Institute, and Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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Ivanez J, Garcia-Munoz P, Ruppert AM, Keller N. UV-A light-assisted gas-phase formic acid decomposition on photo-thermo Ru/TiO2 catalyst. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Progress in Development of Nanostructured Manganese Oxide as Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reaction. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14196385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The rise in energy consumption is largely driven by the growth of population. The supply of energy to meet that demand can be fulfilled by slowly introducing energy from renewable resources. The fluctuating nature of the renewable energy production (i.e., affected by weather such as wind, sun light, etc.), necessitates the increasing demand in developing electricity storage systems. Reliable energy storage system will also play immense roles to support activities related to the internet of things. In the past decades, metal-air batteries have attracted great attention and interest for their high theoretical capacity, environmental friendliness, and their low cost. However, one of the main challenges faced in metal-air batteries is the slow rate of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that affects the charging and the discharging performance. Various types of nanostructure manganese oxide with high specific surface area and excellent catalytic properties have been synthesized and studied. This review provides a discussion of the recent developments of the nanostructure manganese oxide and their performance in oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions in alkaline media. It includes the experimental work in the nanostructure of manganese oxide, but also the fundamental understanding of ORR and OER. A brief discussion on electrocatalyst kinetics including the measurement and criteria for the ORR and the OER is also included. Finally, recently reported nanostructure manganese oxide catalysts are also discussed.
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Ryu J, Bregante DT, Howland WC, Bisbey RP, Kaminsky CJ, Surendranath Y. Thermochemical aerobic oxidation catalysis in water can be analysed as two coupled electrochemical half-reactions. Nat Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-021-00666-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chen X, Zhang Y, Hu R, Qing S, Zhang H. DFT study of C2N-supported Ag3M (M = Cu, Pd, and Pt) clusters as potential oxygen reduction reaction catalysts. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Liu X, Fan X, Liu B, Ding J, Deng Y, Han X, Zhong C, Hu W. Mapping the Design of Electrolyte Materials for Electrically Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006461. [PMID: 34050684 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrically rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ERZABs) have attracted substantial research interest as one of the best candidate power sources for electric vehicles, grid-scale energy storage, and portable electronics owing to their high theoretical capacity, low cost, and environmental benignity. However, the realization of ERZABs with long cycle life and high energy and power densities is still a considerable challenge. The electrolyte, which serves as the ionic conductor, is one of the core components of ERZABs, as it plays a significant role during the discharge-charge process and greatly influences the rechargeability, operating voltage, lifespan, power density, and safety of ERZABs. Herein, the fundamental electrochemistry of electrolyte materials for ERZABs and the associated challenges are presented. Furthermore, recent advances in electrolyte materials for ERZABs, including alkaline aqueous electrolytes, nonalkaline electrolytes, ionic liquids, and semisolid-state electrolytes are discussed. This work aims to provide insights into the future exploration of high-performance electrolytes and thus promote the development of ERZABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiayue Fan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yida Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaopeng Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Wenbin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
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Yadav A, Li Y, Liao TW, Hu KJ, Scheerder JE, Safonova OV, Höltzl T, Janssens E, Grandjean D, Lievens P. Enhanced Methanol Electro-Oxidation Activity of Nanoclustered Gold. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2004541. [PMID: 33554437 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Size-selected 3 nm gas-phase Au clusters dispersed by cluster beam deposition (CBD) on a conducting fluorine-doped tin oxide template show strong enhancement in mass activity for the methanol electro-oxidation (MEO) reaction compared to previously reported nanostructured gold electrodes. Density functional theory-based modeling on the corresponding Au clusters guided by experiments attributes this high MEO activity to the high density of exposed under-coordinated Au atoms at their faceted surface. In the description of the activity trends, vertices and edges are the most active sites due to their favorable CO and OH adsorption energies. The faceted structures occurring in this size range, partly preserved upon deposition, may also prevent destructive restructuring during the oxidation-reduction cycle. These results highlight the benefits of using CBD in fine-tuning material properties on the nanoscale and designing high-performance fuel cell electrodes with less material usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Yadav
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Yejun Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Ting-Wei Liao
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Kuo-Juei Hu
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Jeroen E Scheerder
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | | | - Tibor Höltzl
- Furukawa Electric Institute of Technology, Budapest, 1158, Hungary
- MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, 1111, Hungary
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Didier Grandjean
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Peter Lievens
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
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Xu Z, Hu F, Li D, Chen Y. Electrochemical Oscillation during Galvanostatic Charging of LiCrTiO 4 in Li-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14133624. [PMID: 34209615 PMCID: PMC8269718 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the late 1960s, the establishment of Prigogine’s dissipative structure theory laid the foundation for the (electro)chemical oscillation phenomenon, which has been widely investigated in some electrochemical reactions, such as electro-catalysis and electro-deposition, while the electrochemical oscillation of Li-ion batteries has just been discovered in spinel Li4Ti5O12 a few years before. In this work, spinel LiCrTiO4 samples were synthesized by using a high-temperature solid-state method, characterized with SEM (Scanning electron microscope), XRD (X-ray diffraction), Raman and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) measurements, and electrochemically tested in Li-ion batteries to study the electrochemical oscillation. When sintering in a powder form at a temperature between 800 and 900 °C, we achieved the electrochemical oscillation of spinel LiCrTiO4 during charging, and it is suppressed in the non-stoichiometric LiCrTiO4 samples, especially for reducing the Li content or increasing the Cr content. Therefore, this work developed another two-phase material as the powder-sintered LiCrTiO4 exhibiting the electrochemical oscillation in Li-ion batteries, which would inspire us to explore more two-phase electrode materials in Li-ion batteries, Na-ion batteries, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Xu
- State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Z.X.); (F.H.)
| | - Fangxu Hu
- State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Z.X.); (F.H.)
| | - De Li
- State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Z.X.); (F.H.)
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory on Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Z.X.); (F.H.)
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Hydrogen Energy Technologies, School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (Y.C.)
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Surfactant-free synthesis of carbon-supported silver (Ag/C) nanobars as an efficient electrocatalyst for alcohol tolerance and oxidation of sodium borohydride in alkaline medium. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWe have synthesized carbon-supported silver (Ag/C) nanobars by a simple surfactant-free hydrothermal method using glucose as the reducing reagent as well as the source of carbon in Ag/C nanobars. Physicochemical characterization of the materials was performed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The XRD pattern confirmed the presence of a pure metallic silver phase. No carbon phase was detected, which indicates that the carbon exists mainly in the amorphous form. The electrocatalytic activity of Ag/C in different electrolyte solutions such as 0.5 M NaOH, 0.5 M NaOH + 1 M ethanol (EtOH), 0.5 M NaOH + 1 M ethylene glycol (EG), and 0.5 M NaOH + 0.01 M NaBH4 (sodium borohydride) was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronoamperometry (CA) study. Alcohol tolerance of the catalysts was also established in the presence of ethanol and ethylene glycol. The forward-to-backward current ratio from cyclic voltammetry (CV) study of Ag/C-20 (20 h) in 0.5 M NaOH + 1 M ethanol solution at 100 mV s−1 scan rate is 4.13 times higher compared to that of Ag/C-5 (5 h). Hence, Ag/C-20 is a better candidate for the tolerance of ethanol. In the presence of ethylene glycol (1 M) in 0.5 M NaOH solution, it is obtained that the forward-to-backward current ratio at the same scan rate for Ag/C-20 is lower than that in the presence of ethanol. The durability of the catalyst was studied by chronoamperometry measurement. We studied the electrochemical kinetics of Ag/C catalysts for borohydride oxidation in an alkaline medium. The basic electrochemical results for borohydride oxidation show that Ag/C has very well strength and activity for direct borohydride oxidation in an alkaline medium. The reaction of borohydride oxidation with the contemporaneous BH4−. hydrolysis was noticed at the oxidized silver surface. Among all the synthesized Ag/C catalysts, Ag/C-20 exhibited the best electrocatalytic performance for borohydride oxidation in an alkaline medium. The activation energy and the number of exchange electrons at Ag/C-20 electrode surface for borohydride electro-oxidation were estimated as 57.2 kJ mol−1 and 2.27, respectively.
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Müller D, Zámbó D, Dorfs D, Bigall NC. Cryoaerogels and Cryohydrogels as Efficient Electrocatalysts. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007908. [PMID: 33749130 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Additive-free cryoaerogel coatings from noble metal nanoparticles are prepared and electrochemically investigated. By using liquid nitrogen or isopentane as cooling medium, two different superstructures are created for each type of noble metal nanoparticle. These materials (made from the same amount of particles) have superior morphological and catalytic properties as compared to simply immobilized, densely packed nanoparticles. The morphology of all materials is investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemically active surface areas (ECSAs) are calculated from cyclic voltammetry measurements. The catalytic activity is studied for the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR). Both are found to be increased for superstructured materials prepared by cryoaerogelation. Furthermore, cryoaerogels with cellular to dendritic structure that arise from freezing with isopentane show the best catalytic performance and highest ECSA. Moreover, as a new class of materials, cryohydrogels are created for the first time by thawing flash-frozen nanoparticle solutions. Structure and morphology of these materials match with the corresponding types of cryoaerogels and are confirmed via SEM. Even the catalytic activity in EOR is in accordance with the results from cryoaerogel coatings. As a proof of concept, this approach offers a novel platform towards the easier and faster production of cryogelated materials for wet-chemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Müller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 3A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Laboratory for Nano and Quantum Engineering, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 39, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dániel Zámbó
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 3A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Laboratory for Nano and Quantum Engineering, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 39, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Dorfs
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 3A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Laboratory for Nano and Quantum Engineering, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 39, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, Photonics, Optics and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nadja C Bigall
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 3A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Laboratory for Nano and Quantum Engineering, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 39, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, Photonics, Optics and Engineering-Innovation Across Disciplines, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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41
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Effect of Gas Diffusion Layer Thickness on the Performance of Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gas diffusion layers (GDLs) play a critical role in anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) water management. In this work, the effect of GDL thickness on the cell performance of the AEMFC was experimentally investigated. Three GDLs with different thicknesses of 120, 260, and 310 µm (denoted as GDL-120, GDL-260, and GDL-310, respectively) were prepared and tested in a single H2/O2 AEMFC. The experimental results showed that the GDL-260 employed in both anode and cathode electrodes exhibited the best cell performance. There was a small difference in cell performance for GDL-260 and GDL-310, while water flooding was observed in the case of using GDL-120 operated at current densities greater than 1100 mA cm−2. In addition, it was found that the GDL thickness had more sensitivity to the AEMFC performance as used in the anode electrode rather than in the cathode electrode, indicating that water removal at the anode was more challenging than water supply at the cathode. The strategy of water management in the anode should be different from that in the cathode. These findings can provide a further understanding of the role of GDLs in the water management of AEMFCs.
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Wala M, Simka W. Effect of Anode Material on Electrochemical Oxidation of Low Molecular Weight Alcohols-A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:2144. [PMID: 33918545 PMCID: PMC8070219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing climate crisis inspires one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century-developing novel power sources. One of the concepts that offer clean, non-fossil electricity production is fuel cells, especially when the role of fuel is played by simple organic molecules, such as low molecular weight alcohols. The greatest drawback of this technology is the lack of electrocatalytic materials that would enhance reaction kinetics and good stability under process conditions. Currently, electrodes for direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) are mainly based on platinum, which not only provides a poor reaction rate but also readily deactivates because of poisoning by reaction products. Because of these disadvantages, many researchers have focused on developing novel electrode materials with electrocatalytic properties towards the oxidation of simple alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol or propanol. This paper presents the development of electrode materials and addresses future challenges that still need to be overcome before direct alcohol fuel cells can be commercialized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wojciech Simka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego Str. 6, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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Yang Y, Guo YF, Fu C, Zhang RH, Zhan W, Wang P, Zhang X, Wang Q, Zhou XW. In-situ loading synthesis of graphene supported PtCu nanocube and its high activity and stability for methanol oxidation reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 595:107-117. [PMID: 33819686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A perfect PtCu nanocube with partial hollow structure was prepared by hydrothermal reaction and its electrocatalytic methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) was studied. The appropriate concentration of shape-control additives KI and triblock pluronic copolymers, poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO19-PPO69-PEO19) (P123) play crucial roles in the final product morphology. The PtCu nanocubes can be perfectly in situ immobilizedonto graphene under the action of P123 while the structure and cubic morphologyremain unchanged. The electrochemical tests suggest that the obtained PtCu nanocube (PtCu-NCb) exhibits better MOR activity and stability than PtCu hexagon nanosheet (PtCu-NSt), PtCu nanoellipsoid (PtCu-NEs) and commercial Pt/C in alkaline medium. When in situ immobilized onto graphene, the MOR catalytic activity and stability of PtCu cubes are further improved. The markedly enhanced electrocatalytic activity and durability maybe attributed to the special cubic morphology with partial hollow structure enclosed by highly efficient facet and the probably the synergistic effect of PtCu and intermediate state CuI decorated on the surface and graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10044, Sweden
| | - Yi-Fei Guo
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Ce Fu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Rong-Hua Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Wei Zhan
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Pan Wang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conversation Materials, Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
| | - Xin-Wen Zhou
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
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Tachibana N, Yukawa Y, Morikawa K, Kawaguchi M, Shimanoe K. Pt nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped porous carbon as efficient oxygen reduction catalysts synthesized via a simple alcohol reduction method. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Pt nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NPC) were investigated as both a highly active catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and a suitable porous support structure. Pt/NPC catalysts with loadings of 8.8–35.4 wt.% were prepared via a simple alcohol reduction method and exhibited homogeneously dispersed Pt nanoparticles with a small mean size ranging from 1.90 to 2.99 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement suggested the presence of strong interactions between the Pt nanoparticles and NPC support. 27.4% Pt/NPC demonstrated high catalytic activity for the ORR in a rotating disk electrode system and was also effectively applied to a gas diffusion electrode (GDE). A GDE fabricated using the Pt/NPC with a fine pore network exhibited excellent performance, especially at high current densities. Specific activity of Pt/NPC and Pt/carbon black catalysts for the ORR correlated with the peak potential of adsorbed OH reduction on Pt, which was dependent on the particle size and support.
Graphic abstract
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Oxygen reduction on silver catalysts electrodeposited on various nanocarbon supports. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this work, Ag particles were electrodeposited onto nitrogen-doped graphene oxide, graphene, multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), and Vulcan carbon XC-72R supports by varying the upper potential limit. The surface morphology of the resulting Ag-based catalysts was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was tested in alkaline media employing the rotating disk electrode method. The variation of the upper potential limit influenced the size of silver nanoparticles and their number density on the substrate surface. All the Ag-based electrocatalysts studied in this work showed remarkable ORR activity in terms of half-wave potentials. The ORR results combined with hydrogen peroxide reduction results prove that all Ag catalysts tested are suitable for both reactions. Ag/NGO2 catalyst possesses the highest mass activity for ORR, which indicates a relationship between the Ag loading and electrocatalytic activity. The electroreduction of oxygen on all the electrodeposited silver catalysts follows a four-electron pathway in alkaline environment. These materials are promising alternatives for Pt/C catalyst to be used as alkaline membrane fuel cell cathodes.
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Li H, Dai S, Bhalothia D, Chou JP, Hu A, Chen TY. Collaboration between a Pt-dimer and neighboring Co-Pd atoms triggers efficient pathways for oxygen reduction reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1822-1834. [PMID: 33393548 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05205a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of electrocatalysts with reconcilable balance between the cost and performance in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an imperative task for the widespread adoption of fuel cell technology. In this study, we proposed a unique model of diatomic Pt-cluster (Pt-dimer) in the topmost layer of the Co/Pd bimetallic slab (Co@Pd-Pt2) for mimicking the Cocore@Pdshell nanocatalysts (NCs) surface and systematically investigating its local-regional collaboration pathways in ORR by density functional theory (DFT). The results demonstrate that the Pt-dimer produces local differentiation from both ligand and geometric effects on the Co@Pd surface, which forms adsorption energy (Eads) gradients for relocating the ORR-adsorbates. Our calculations for Eads-variations of ORR-species, reaction coordinates, and intraparticle charge injection propose and confirm a novel local synergetic collaboration around the Pt-dimer in the Co@Pd-Pt2 system with the best-performing ORR behavior compared with all reference models. With proper selection of the composition in intraparticle components, the proposed DFT assessments could be adopted for developing economical and high-performance catalysts in various heterogeneous reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolin Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Lüsi M, Erikson H, Treshchalov A, Rähn M, Merisalu M, Kikas A, Kisand V, Sammelselg V, Tammeveski K. Oxygen reduction reaction on Pd nanocatalysts prepared by plasma-assisted synthesis on different carbon nanomaterials. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:035401. [PMID: 33002885 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abbd6f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work He/H2 plasma jet treatment was used to reduce Pd ions in the aqueous solution with simultaneous deposition of created Pd nanoparticles to support materials. Graphene oxide (GO) and nitrogen-doped graphene oxide (NrGO) were both co-reduced with the Pd ions to formulate catalyst materials. Pd catalyst was also deposited on the surface of carbon black. The prepared catalyst materials were physically characterized using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The plasma jet method yielded good dispersion of small Pd particles with average sizes of particles being: Pd/rGO 2.9 ± 0.6 nm, Pd/NrGO 2.3 ± 0.5 nm and Pd/Vulcan 2.8 ± 0.6 nm. The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics was explored using the rotating disk electrode method. Pd catalyst deposited on nitrogen-doped graphene material showed slightly improved ORR activity as compared to that on the nondoped substrate, however Vulcan carbon-supported Pd catalyst exhibited a higher specific activity for oxygen electroreduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madis Lüsi
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Heiki Erikson
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alexey Treshchalov
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mihkel Rähn
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maido Merisalu
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Arvo Kikas
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vambola Kisand
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Väino Sammelselg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaido Tammeveski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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Fracchia M, Ghigna P, Marelli M, Scavini M, Vertova A, Rondinini S, Della Pergola R, Minguzzi A. Molecular cluster route for the facile synthesis of a stable and active Pt nanoparticle catalyst. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00937k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular platinum clusters can be used for the synthesis of very small (ca. 1.5 nm) Pt nanoparticles with enhanced catalytic activity and stability towards the oxygen reduction reaction. The Pt–C interactions were characterized by TEM and EXAFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Fracchia
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Pavia
- 27100 Pavia
- Italy
| | - Paolo Ghigna
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Pavia
- 27100 Pavia
- Italy
- INSTM Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
| | - Marcello Marelli
- CNR-SCITEC Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “G. Natta”
- 20138 Milano
- Italy
| | - Marco Scavini
- INSTM Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
- 50121 Firenze
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
| | - Alberto Vertova
- INSTM Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
- 50121 Firenze
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
| | - Sandra Rondinini
- INSTM Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
- 50121 Firenze
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
| | - Roberto Della Pergola
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Terra
- Università di Milano-Bicocca
- 20126 Milano
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Minguzzi
- INSTM Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali
- 50121 Firenze
- Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
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Adstructures of platinum-complex precursors and platinum nanoparticles formed on low-index single-crystal Au surfaces for oxygen reduction reaction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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