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Li M, Li L, Liu S, Zhang Q, Wang W, Wang Q. Insights into the catalytic effect of atmospheric organic trace species on the hydration of Criegee intermediates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174877. [PMID: 39047816 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The bimolecular reactions between Criegee intermediates (CIs) and atmospheric trace species have been extensively investigated, with a particular focus on the reaction with water, while the catalytic role of atmospheric organic compounds in hydration reactions was often neglected. In this study, we employed quantum chemical calculations and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) simulations to investigate the catalytic effects of atmospheric organic amines, organic acids, and alcohols on the hydration reactions of CIs in the gas phase and at the gas-liquid interface. The catalytic reactions were found to follow a cyclic catalytic structure and a stepwise reaction mechanism. Gas-phase studies revealed that organic acids exhibited stronger catalytic effects compared to amines and alcohols, and the catalytic efficiency of amines and alcohols was similar to those of single water molecule. In addition, the catalytic reaction barriers of organic acids and alcohols were positively correlated with their gas-phase acidity (R2 = 0.94 to 0.97). A negative correlation was observed between the catalytic reaction barrier of amines and their gas-phase basicity (R2 = 0.84 to 0.90) and proton affinity (R2 = 0.84 to 0.92). At the gas-liquid interface, organic acids promoted the formation of hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide (HEHP, CH3CH(OH)(OOH)), organic acid ions, and H3O+, whereas the catalytic hydration of CIs by organic amines resulted in the formation of CH3CH(OH)OO and amine ions. Both HEHP and CH3CH(OH)OO can be further decomposed to form OH and HO2, or participate in new particles formation as precursors. This study complements the research gap on the reaction of CIs with water, providing valuable insights into the atmospheric sources of HEHP and HOx as well as the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Shanjun Liu
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Qingzhu Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
| | - Wengxing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
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2
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Wang X, Cheng S, Zou P, Bao L, Ma G, Wei X, Yu H. Gas-phase and air-solid interface behavior of phthalate plasticizer and ozone: The influence of indoor mineral dust. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135344. [PMID: 39098205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Indoor environments serve as reservoirs for a variety of emerging pollutants (EPs), such as phthalates (PAE), with intricate interactions occurring between these compounds and indoor oxidants alongside dust particles. However, the precise mechanisms governing these interactions and their resulting environmental implications remain unclear. By theoretical simulations, this work uncovers multi-functional compounds and high oxygen molecules as important products arising from the interaction between DEP/DEHP and O3, which are closely linked to SOA formation. Further analysis reveals a strong affinity of DEP/DEHP for mineral dust surfaces, with an adsorption energy of 22.11/30.91 kcal mol-1, consistent with a higher concentration of DEHP on the dust surface. Importantly, mineral particles are found to inhibit every step of the reaction process, albeit resulting in lower product toxicity compared to the parent compounds. Thus, timely removal of dust in an indoor environment may reduce the accumulation and residue of PAEs indoors, and further reduce the combined exposure risk produced by PAEs-dust. This study aims to enhance our understanding of the interaction between PAEs and SOA formation, and to develop a fundamental reaction model at the air-solid surface, thereby shedding light on the microscopic behaviors and pollution mechanisms of phthalates on indoor dust surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Sisi Cheng
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Pengcheng Zou
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Lei Bao
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Guangcai Ma
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wei
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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3
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Enders JJ, Cornwell ZA, Harrison AW, Murray C. Temperature-Dependent Kinetics of the Reactions of the Criegee Intermediate CH 2OO with Aliphatic Aldehydes. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 39233465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c04990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Criegee intermediates, formed by alkene ozonolysis in the troposphere, can react with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The temperature-dependent kinetics of the reactions between the Criegee intermediate CH2OO and three aliphatic aldehydes, RCHO where R = H, CH3, and C2H5 (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and propionaldehyde, respectively), have been studied using a laser flash-photolysis transient absorption spectroscopy technique. The experimental measurements are supported by ab initio calculations at various composite levels of theory that characterize stationary points on the reaction potential and free energy surfaces. As with other reactions of CH2OO with organic carbonyls, the mechanisms involve 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition at the C=O group, over submerged barriers, leading to the formation of 1,2,4-trioxolane secondary ozonides. The bimolecular rate constants of all three reactions decrease with increasing temperature over the range 275-335 K and are characterized by equations of Arrhenius form: k(T) = (7.1 ± 1.5) × 10-14exp((1160 ± 60)/T), (8.9 ± 1.7) × 10-15exp((1530 ± 60)/T), and (5.3 ± 1.3) × 10-14exp((1210 ± 70)/T) cm3 s-1 for HCHO, CH3CHO, and C2H5CHO, respectively. Based on estimated concentrations of CH2OO, the reactions with aldehydes are unlikely to play a significant role in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J Enders
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Zachary A Cornwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Aaron W Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, Austin College, Sherman, Texas 75090, United States
| | - Craig Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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4
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DeCecco AC, Conrad AR, Floyd AM, Jasper AW, Hansen N, Dagaut P, Moody NE, Popolan-Vaida DM. Tracking the reaction networks of acetaldehyde oxide and glyoxal oxide Criegee intermediates in the ozone-assisted oxidation reaction of crotonaldehyde. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:22319-22336. [PMID: 38980126 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01942c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The reaction of unsaturated compounds with ozone (O3) is recognized to lead to the formation of Criegee intermediates (CIs), which play a key role in controlling the atmospheric budget of hydroxyl radicals and secondary organic aerosols. The reaction network of two CIs with different functionality, i.e. acetaldehyde oxide (CH3CHOO) and glyoxal oxide (CHOCHOO) formed in the ozone-assisted oxidation reaction of crotanaldehyde (CA), is investigated over a temperature range between 390 K and 840 K in an atmospheric pressure jet-stirred reactor (JSR) at a residence time of 1.3 s, stoichiometry of 0.5 with a mixture of 1% crotonaldehyde, 10% O2, at an fixed ozone concentration of 1000 ppm and 89% Ar dilution. Molecular-beam mass spectrometry in conjunction with single photon tunable synchrotron vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) radiation is used to identify elusive intermediates by means of experimental photoionization energy scans and ab initio threshold energy calculations for isomer identification. Addition of ozone (1000 ppm) is observed to trigger the oxidation of CA already at 390 K, which is below the temperature where the oxidation reaction of CA was observed in the absence of ozone. The observed CA + O3 product, C4H6O4, is found to be linked to a ketohydroperoxide (2-hydroperoxy-3-oxobutanal) resulting from the isomerization of the primary ozonide. Products corresponding to the CIs uni- and bi-molecular reactions were observed and identified. A network of CI reactions is identified in the temperature region below 600 K, characterized by CIs bimolecular reactions with species like aldehydes, i.e., formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and crotonaldehyde and alkenes, i.e., ethene and propene. The region below 600 K is also characterized by the formation of important amounts of typical low-temperature oxidation products, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), methyl hydroperoxide (CH3OOH), and ethyl hydroperoxide (C2H5OOH). Detection of additional oxygenated species such as alcohols, ketene, and aldehydes are indicative of multiple active oxidation routes. This study provides important information about the initial step involved in the CIs assisted oligomerization reactions in complex reactive environments where CIs with different functionalities are reacting simultaneously. It provides new mechanistic insights into ozone-assisted oxidation reactions of unsaturated aldehydes, which is critical for the development of improved atmospheric and combustion kinetics models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec C DeCecco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Alan R Conrad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Arden M Floyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Ahren W Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
| | - Philippe Dagaut
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICARE, 1C Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Nath-Eddy Moody
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
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5
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Aroule O, Jarraya M, Zins EL, Hochlaf M. Probing microhydration-induced effects on carbonyl compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:22230-22239. [PMID: 39129488 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01035c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Characterizing the microhydration of organic molecules is a crucial step in understanding many phenomena relevant to atmospheric, biological, and industrial applications. However, its precise experimental and theoretical description remains a challenge. For four organic solutes containing a CO bond, and included in the recent HyDRA challenge [T. L. Fischer, M. Bödecker, A. Zehnacker-Rentien, R. A. Mata and M. A. Suhm, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 11442-11454.], we performed a detailed study of different monohydrate isomers and their properties; these were cyclooctanone (CON), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon (DMI), methyl lactate (MLA), and 2,2,2-trifluoroacetophenone (TPH) molecules. As reported in the literature, the O-H elongation shift of the water molecule appears to be a good candidate for characterizing complexation-induced effects. We also show that CO elongation shift and UV-vis spectroscopy can be successfully used for these purposes. Besides, we present a comparative analysis of the strengths of non-covalent interactions within these monohydrated complexes based on interpretative tools of quantum chemistry, including topological analysis of electron density (ρ), topological analysis of electron pairing function, and analysis of the core-valence bifurcation index (CVBI), which exhibits a close linear dependency on ρ. Accordingly, a classification of intermolecular water-solute interactions is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Aroule
- MONARIS UMR 8233 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France.
| | - Mahmoud Jarraya
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/IMSE, 5 Bd Descartes 77454, Champs sur Marne, France.
| | - Emilie-Laure Zins
- MONARIS UMR 8233 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France.
| | - Majdi Hochlaf
- Université Gustave Eiffel, COSYS/IMSE, 5 Bd Descartes 77454, Champs sur Marne, France.
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6
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Yao Z, Morrison G. Reactive oxygen species on indoor surfaces. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:1198-1204. [PMID: 38805261 DOI: 10.1039/d4em00031e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are relatively unstable oxygen-containing radicals or non-radicals, some of which may react with tissues and biomolecules after entering the body. ROS is present in indoor aerosols, but it is unclear how much of that ROS is of indoor origin. Indoor surface films have been hypothesized to be a major source of the ROS observed on indoor aerosols. In this study, the ROS concentration on residential indoor surfaces was measured using a xylenol orange ferrous oxidation assay after wiping and extraction. On genuine surfaces frequently touched by apartment occupants, the concentration was >0.2 nmol cm-2; infrequently touched surfaces were at or below detection limits. On clean glass plates that had been deployed in apartments for 6 weeks, horizontal plates had higher concentrations than vertically oriented plates. The highest concentration, 1.3 nmol cm-2, was observed on a horizontally oriented plate close to an electric stove. To simulate the dynamic oxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbons on indoor surfaces, a surface lipid mixture (SLM) was dosed on 19 glass plates which were then exposed to untreated laboratory air for periods ranging from 1 to 56 days. During the first 5-6 days, the ROS concentration increased roughly linearly to a maximum of 5-6 nmol cm-2. Then the concentration ceased to increase, perhaps because reactive sites had become depleted. After 2 weeks, ROS decreased slowly, possibly due to a combination of volatilization, decomposition and continued formation by autoxidation. These field and laboratory results support the hypothesis that indoor surfaces can be a source of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenduo Yao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Glenn Morrison
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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7
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Zou M, Hassan Y, Roy TK, McCoy AB, Lester MI. Infrared spectroscopy of the syn-methyl-substituted Criegee intermediate: A combined experimental and theoretical study. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:204309. [PMID: 38818894 DOI: 10.1063/5.0210122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
An IR-vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) ion-dip spectroscopy method is utilized to examine the IR spectrum of acetaldehyde oxide (CH3CHOO) in the overtone CH stretch (2νCH) spectral region. IR activation creates a depletion of the ground state population that reduces the VUV photoionization signal on the parent mass channel. IR activation of the more stable and populated syn-CH3CHOO conformer results in rapid unimolecular decay to OH + vinoxy products and makes the most significant contribution to the observed spectrum. The resultant IR-VUV ion-dip spectrum of CH3CHOO is similar to that obtained previously for syn-CH3CHOO using IR action spectroscopy with UV laser-induced fluorescence detection of OH products. The prominent IR features at 5984 and 6081 cm-1 are also observed using UV + VUV photoionization of OH products. Complementary theoretical calculations utilizing a general implementation of second-order vibrational perturbation theory provide new insights on the vibrational transitions that give rise to the experimental spectrum in the overtone CH stretch region. The introduction of physically motivated small shifts of the harmonic frequencies yields remarkably improved agreement between experiment and theory in the overtone CH stretch region. The prominent features are assigned as highly mixed states with contributions from two quanta of CH stretch and/or a combination of CH stretch with an overtone in mode 4. The generality of this approach is demonstrated by applying it to three different levels of electronic structure theory/basis sets, all of which provide spectra that are virtually indistinguishable despite showing large deviations prior to introducing the shifts to the harmonic frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
| | - Yarra Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, USA
| | - Tarun Kumar Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
| | - Anne B McCoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, USA
| | - Marsha I Lester
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
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8
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Peltola J, Heinonen P, Eskola A. Direct Kinetic Measurements of a Cyclic Criegee Intermediate; Unimolecular Decomposition of c-(CH 2) 5COO. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:5331-5336. [PMID: 38727747 PMCID: PMC11389976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
We report the first direct kinetic measurements of a cyclic stabilized Criegee Intermediate. We have measured the unimolecular reaction rate coefficient of cyclohexanone oxide (c-(CH2)5COO) in the temperature 213-296 K and pressure 7-50 Torr ranges using absorption spectrometry. The c-(CH2)5COO was produced by the photolysis of c-(CH2)5CIBr at 213 nm in the presence of O2. We compare the measured fast c-(CH2)5COO unimolecular rate coefficient, 1998 ± 147 s-1 at 296 K, with the literature calculations for the structurally similar E-nopinone oxide formed in β-pinene ozonolysis. The kuni(c-(CH2)5COO)/kuni(E-nopinone oxide) ratio calculated using transition-state theory and density functional theory agrees well with this comparison. We have also measured the bimolecular rate coefficient of the reaction between c-(CH2)5COO and trifluoroacetic acid at 253 K and 10 Torr and obtained the value (8.7 ± 1.0) × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. This very large value agrees with previous kinetic measurements for reactions between stabilized Criegee intermediates and halogenated organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Peltola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Heinonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arkke Eskola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, A.I. Virtasen aukio 1, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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9
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Lade R, Onel L, Blitz MA, Seakins PW, Stone D. Kinetics of the Gas-Phase Reactions of syn- and anti-CH 3CHOO Criegee Intermediate Conformers with SO 2 as a Function of Temperature and Pressure. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:2815-2824. [PMID: 38551990 PMCID: PMC11017318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Kinetics of reactions between SO2 and CH3CHOO Criegee intermediate conformers have been measured at temperatures between 242 and 353 K and pressures between 10 and 600 Torr using laser flash photolysis of CH3CHI2/O2/N2/SO2 gas mixtures coupled with time-resolved broadband UV absorption spectroscopy. The kinetics of syn-CH3CHOO + SO2 are pressure-dependent and exhibit a negative temperature dependence, with the observed pressure dependence reconciling apparent discrepancies between previous measurements performed at ∼298 K. Results indicate a rate coefficient of (4.80 ± 0.46) × 10-11 cm3 s-1 for the reaction of syn-CH3CHOO with SO2 at 298 K and 760 Torr. In contrast to the behavior of the syn-conformer, the kinetics of anti-CH3CHOO + SO2 display no significant dependence on temperature or pressure over the ranges investigated, with a mean rate coefficient of (1.18 ± 0.21) × 10-10 cm3 s-1 over all conditions studied in this work. Results indicate that the reaction of syn-CH3CHOO with SO2 competes with unimolecular decomposition and reaction with water vapor in areas with high SO2 concentration and low humidity, particularly at lower temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel
E. Lade
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Lavinia Onel
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Mark A. Blitz
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
- National
Centre for Atmospheric Science, University
of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Paul W. Seakins
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Daniel Stone
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
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10
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Chao W, Markus CR, Okumura M, Winiberg FAF, Percival CJ. Chemical Kinetic Study of the Reaction of CH 2OO with CH 3O 2. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:3690-3697. [PMID: 38546268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Criegee intermediates play an important role in the oxidizing capacity of the Earth's troposphere. Although extensive studies have been conducted on Criegee intermediates in the past decade, their kinetics with radical species remain underexplored. We investigated the kinetics of the simplest Criegee intermediate, CH2OO, with the methyl peroxy radical, CH3O2, as a model system to explore the reactivities of Criegee intermediates with peroxy radicals. Using a multipass UV-Vis spectrometer coupled to a pulsed-laser photolysis flow reactor, CH2OO and CH3O2 were generated simultaneously from the photolysis of CH2I2/CH3I/O2/N2 mixtures with CH2OO measured directly near 340 nm. We determined a reaction rate coefficient kCH2OO+CH3O2 = (1.7 ± 0.5) × 10-11 cm3 s-1 at 294 K and 10 Torr, where the influence of iodine adducts is reduced. This rate coefficient is faster than previous theoretical predictions, highlighting the challenges in accurately describing the interaction between zwitterionic and biradical characteristics of Criegee intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chao
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Charles R Markus
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109-8099, United States
| | - Mitchio Okumura
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Frank A F Winiberg
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109-8099, United States
| | - Carl J Percival
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109-8099, United States
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11
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Sun C, Xu B, Zeng Y. Pressure and temperature dependent kinetics and the reaction mechanism of Criegee intermediates with vinyl alcohol: a theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9524-9533. [PMID: 38451236 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06115a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Criegee intermediates (CIs), the key intermediates in the ozonolysis of olefins in atmosphere, have received much attention due to their high activity. The reaction mechanism of the most simple Criegee intermediate CH2OO with vinyl alcohol (VA) was investigated by using the HL//M06-2X/def2TZVP method. The temperature and pressure dependent rate constant and product branching ratio were calculated using the master equation method. For CH2OO + syn-VA, 1,4-insertion is the main reaction channel while for the CH2OO + anti-VA, cycloaddition and 1,2-insertion into the O-H bond are more favorable than the 1,4-insertion reaction. The 1,4-insertion or cycloaddition intermediates are stabilized collisionally at 300 K and 760 torr, and the dissociation products involving OH are formed at higher temperature and lower pressure. The rate constants of the CH2OO reaction with syn-VA and anti-VA both show negative temperature effects, and they are 2.95 × 10-11 and 2.07 × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 300 K, respectively, and the former is agreement with the prediction in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihong Sun
- Shijiazhuang Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, Technology Innovation Center of HeBei for Heterocyclic Compound, College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, P. R. China
| | - Baoen Xu
- Shijiazhuang Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, Technology Innovation Center of HeBei for Heterocyclic Compound, College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P.R. China.
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12
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Debnath A, Rajakumar B. Experimental and theoretical study of Criegee intermediate (CH 2OO) reactions with n-butyraldehyde and isobutyraldehyde: kinetics, implications and atmospheric fate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:6872-6884. [PMID: 38332729 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05482a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The reactions of the simplest Criegee intermediate (CH2OO) with n-butyraldehyde (nBD) and isobutyraldehyde (iBD) were studied at 253-318 K and (50 ± 2) torr, using Cavity Ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). The rate coefficients obtained at room temperature were (2.63 ± 0.14) × 10-12 and (2.20 ± 0.21) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for nBD and iBD, respectively. Both the reactions show negative temperature-dependency, following equations, knBD(T = 253-318 K) = (11.51 ± 4.33) × 10-14 × exp{(918.1 ± 107.2)/T} and kiBD(T = 253-318 K) = (6.23 ± 2.29) × 10-14 × exp{(1051.4 ± 105.2)/T} cm3 molecule-1 s-1. High-pressure limit rate coefficients were determined from theoretical calculations at the CCSD(T)-F12/cc-pVTZ-F12//B3LYP/6-311+G(2df, 2p) level of theory, with <40% deviation from the experimental results at room temperature and above. The kinetic simulations were performed using a master equation solver to predict the temperature-dependency of the rate coefficients at the experimental pressure, as well as to predict the contribution of individual pathways. The major products predicted from the theoretical calculations were formaldehyde and formic acid, along with butyric acid from nBD and isobutyric acid from iBD reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Balla Rajakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
- Centre for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
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Balashov AA, Wójtewicz S, Domysławska J, Ciuryło R, Lisak D, Bielska K. CRDS line-shape study of the (7-0) band of CO. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 312:124041. [PMID: 38368819 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
We present the results of the spectral line-shape study of the first measurement of the extremely weak (7-0) band of the 12C16O molecule. Measurements were done with a highly sensitive cavity ring-down spectrometer. Collisional narrowing, analyzed in terms of speed-dependent effects, was observed for the first time for transitions with line intensities below 2⋅10-29 cm/molecule at 296 K. We provide a full set of line-shape parameters of the speed-dependent and regular Voigt profile analysis for 14 transitions from P and R branches. Experimental verification of a strong vibrational dependence of the pressure shifting described by the Hartmann model (Hartmann, 2009) is extended up to the sixth overtone highly sensitive to the model parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr A Balashov
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Szymon Wójtewicz
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Jolanta Domysławska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Roman Ciuryło
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Daniel Lisak
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bielska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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14
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Yu S, Jia L, Xu Y, Pan Y. Oligomer formation from cross-reaction of Criegee intermediates in the styrene-isoprene-O 3 mixed system. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140811. [PMID: 38040248 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Alkene ozonolysis can produce stabilized Criegee intermediates (SCIs), which play a key role in oligomers' formation. Though styrene and isoprene coexist in the ambient atmosphere as important anthropogenic and biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors, respectively, their cross-reactions have not received attention. This study investigated the interactions of SCIs from styrene and isoprene ozonolysis for the first time. The high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer was used to determine the unique ion mass spectra of the isoprene-styrene-O3 mixture. The results show that the signal intensities of new ions account for >8.4% of total ions in the mass spectra of the styrene-isoprene-O3 mixed system. Styrene and isoprene ozonolysis can produce characteristic C7-SCI and C4-SCI, respectively. C7-SCI and C4-SCI can be involved in the cross-reactions, and the results of tandem mass spectra directly confirmed both C7-SCI and C4-SCI as chain units. The O/C and H/C ratios of cross-products are in the range of 0.38-1.07 and 1.00-1.50, respectively, which are consistent with cross-reaction products. Adding a C7-SCI unit reduces the oligomer's volatility by 1.3-1.4 orders of magnitude lower than adding a C4-SCI unit. Thus, C4-SCI can compete with C7-SCI to react with styrene-derived RO2/RC(O)OH to produce more volatile cross-products, while the less volatile cross-products can be formed when isoprene-derived RO2/RC(O)OH reacted with C7-SCI instead of C4-SCI. The SOA yield of the mixed system is lower than that of the single styrene-O3 system but higher than that of the single isoprene-O3 system. Ambient particles were also collected, and 5 possible SCI-related cross-products were identified. This study illustrates the effects of SCI-related cross-reactions on SOA components and physicochemical properties, providing a basis for future research on SCI-related cross-reactions that frequently occur in the ambient atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Long Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yongfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuepeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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15
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Behera B, Lee YP. Detailed mechanism and kinetics of reactions of anti- and syn-CH 3CHOO with HC(O)OH: infrared spectra of conformers of hydroperoxyethyl formate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1950-1966. [PMID: 38116617 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04086k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of CH3CHOO with HC(O)OH has a large rate coefficient so that it might play a significant role in the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the atmosphere. We investigated the detailed mechanism and kinetics of the reactions of Criegee intermediate anti- and syn-CH3CHOO with HC(O)OH with a step-scan Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer by recording time-resolved absorption spectra of transient species and end products produced upon irradiation at 308 nm of a flowing mixture of CH3CHI2/O2/HC(O)OH at 298 K and 60 Torr. Thirteen bands of hydroperoxyethyl formate [HC(O)OCH(CH3)OOH, HPEF], the hydrogen-transferred adduct of CH3CHOO and HC(O)OH, were observed. Careful analysis deconvoluted these bands into absorption of three conformers of HPEF: a transient HPEF (P2*/P3*), a more stable open-form HPEF (mainly P2), and a stable intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded HPEF (mainly P1). At a later period, the end-product formic acetic anhydride [CH3C(O)OC(O)H, FAA], a dehydrated product of HPEF, was observed; this end-product is the same as that observed in CH2OO + CH3C(O)OH. Theoretical calculations on the reaction pathway scheme were performed to elucidate these reaction paths. Syn-CH3CHOO + HC(O)OH produced conformers P2*/P3* initially, followed by conversion to conformers P2, whereas anti-CH3CHOO + HC(O)OH produced conformers P2 and P1 directly. We derived a rate coefficient for the reaction CH3CHOO + HC(O)OH to be k = (2.1 ± 0.7) × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 298 K and 40-80 Torr; the rate coefficient appeared to show insignificant conformation-specificity. We also found that FAA was produced mainly from the dehydration of the open-form HPEF (P2) with a rate coefficient k = (1420 ± 70) s-1; the intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded HPEF (P1) is stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedabyas Behera
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Pern Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan.
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
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16
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Rynjah S, Baro B, Sarkar B. Oxepin Derivatives Formation from Gas-Phase Catechol Ozonolysis. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:251-260. [PMID: 38158557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations are performed to explore all of the possible pathways for primary ozonide (POZ) formation from gas-phase ozonolysis of catechol. Canonical transition state theory has been used to calculate the rate coefficients of individual steps for the formation of POZ. The calculated rate coefficients for 1,3-cycloaddition of ozone at the (i) unsaturated C(OH)═C(OH) bond and (ii) CH═C(OH) of catechol, respectively, are in good agreement with the experimental rate constant. In general, subsequent decomposition of POZ leads to well-known Criegee Intermediates. This work reveals a parallel pathway by which the endo-addition of ozone at CH═C(OH) of catechol proceeds through oxepin derivatives along with the paths leading to Criegee Intermediates and peroxy acids. The 7-membered heterocyclic oxepin derivatives have lower energies than Criegee Intermediates but similar relative energies with peroxy acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankupar Rynjah
- Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Bhabesh Baro
- Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Biplab Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
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17
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da Silva Santos M, Medel R, Flach M, Ablyasova OS, Timm M, von Issendorff B, Hirsch K, Zamudio-Bayer V, Riedel S, Lau JT. Exposing the Oxygen-Centered Radical Character of the Tetraoxido Ruthenium(VIII) Cation [RuO 4 ] . Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300390. [PMID: 37589334 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The tetraoxido ruthenium(VIII) radical cation, [RuO4 ]+ , should be a strong oxidizing agent, but has been difficult to produce and investigate so far. In our X-ray absorption spectroscopy study, in combination with quantum-chemical calculations, we show that [RuO4 ]+ , produced via oxidation of ruthenium cations by ozone in the gas phase, forms the oxygen-centered radical ground state. The oxygen-centered radical character of [RuO4 ]+ is identified by the chemical shift at the ruthenium M3 edge, indicative of ruthenium(VIII), and by the presence of a characteristic low-energy transition at the oxygen K edge, involving an oxygen-centered singly-occupied molecular orbital, which is suppressed when the oxygen-centered radical is quenched by hydrogenation of [RuO4 ]+ to the closed-shell [RuO4 H]+ ion. Hydrogen-atom abstraction from methane is calculated to be only slightly less exothermic for [RuO4 ]+ than for [OsO4 ]+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara da Silva Santos
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Medel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie - Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Flach
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Olesya S Ablyasova
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Timm
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd von Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Hirsch
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie - Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34/36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Tobias Lau
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Venkateswaran V, Alali I, Unni AP, Weißflog J, Halitschke R, Hansson BS, Knaden M. Carbonyl products of ozone oxidation of volatile organic compounds can modulate olfactory choice behavior in insects. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122542. [PMID: 37717892 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Insects are a diverse group of organisms that provide important ecosystem services like pollination, pest control, and decomposition and rely on olfaction to perform these services. In the Anthropocene, increasing concentrations of oxidant pollutants such as ozone have been shown to corrupt odor-driven behavior in insects by chemically degrading e.g. flower signals or insect pheromones. The degradation, however, does not only result in a loss of signals, but also in a potential enrichment of oxidation products, predominantly small carbonyls. Whether and how these oxidation products affect insect olfactory perception remains unclear. We examined the effects of ozone-generated small carbonyls on the olfactory behavior of the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster. We compiled a broad collection of neurophysiologically relevant odorants for the fly from databases and literature and predicted the formation of the types of stable small carbonyl products resulting from the odorant's oxidation by ozone. Based on these predictions, we evaluated the olfactory detection and behavioral impact of the ten most frequently predicted carbonyl products in the fly using single sensillum recordings (SSRs) and behavioral tests. Our results demonstrate that the fly's olfactory system can detect the oxidation products, which then elicit either attractive or neutral behavioral responses, rather than repulsion. However, certain products alter behavioral choices to an attractive odor source of balsamic vinegar. Our findings suggest that the enrichment of small carbonyl oxidation products due to increased ozone levels can affect olfactory guided insect behavior. Our study underscores the implications for odor-guided foraging in insects and the essential ecosystem services they offer under carbonyl enriched environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Venkateswaran
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany; Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology,Max Planck Centre, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Alali
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Anjana P Unni
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jerrit Weißflog
- Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Rayko Halitschke
- Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Bill S Hansson
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany; Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology,Max Planck Centre, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Knaden
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany; Next Generation Insect Chemical Ecology,Max Planck Centre, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
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19
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Shabin M, Kumar A, Hakkim H, Rudich Y, Sinha V. Sources, sinks, and chemistry of Stabilized Criegee Intermediates in the Indo-Gangetic Plain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:165281. [PMID: 37406701 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Night-time oxidation significantly affects the atmospheric concentration of primary and secondary air pollutants but is poorly constrained over South Asia. Here, using a comprehensively measured and unprecedented set of precursors and sinks of Stabilized Criegee Intermediates (SCI), in the summertime air of the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), we investigate the chemistry, and abundance in detail. This study reports the first summertime levels from the IGP of ethene, propene, 1-butene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene, 1-pentene, cis-2-pentene, trans-2-pentene, and 1-hexene and their possible roles in SCI chemistry. Ethene, propene, and 1-butene were the highest ambient alkenes in both the summer and winter seasons. Applying chemical steady-state to the measured precursors, the average calculated SCI concentrations were 4.4 (±3.6) × 103 molecules cm-3, with Z-CH3CHOO (55 %) as the major SCI. Z-RCHOO (35 %) and α-pinene derived PINOO (34 %) were identified as the largest contributors to SCI with a 7.8 × 105 molecules cm-3 s-1 production rate. The peak SCI occurred during the evenings. For all SCI species, the loss was dominated (>50 %) by unimolecular decomposition or reactions with water vapor or water vapor dimer. Pollution events influenced by crop burning resulted in significantly elevated SCI production (2.1 times higher relative to non-polluted periods) reaching as high as (7.4 ± 2.5) × 105 molecules cm-3 s-1. Among individual SCI species, Z-CH3CHOO was highest in all the plume events measured accounting for at least ~41 %. Among alkenes, trans-2-butene was the highest contributor to P(SCI) in plume events ranging from 22 to 32 %. SCIs dominated the night-time oxidation of sulfur dioxide with rates as high as 1.4 (±1.1) × 104 molecules cm-3 s-1 at midnight, suggesting that this oxidation pathway could be a significant source of fine mode sulfate aerosols over the Indo-Gangetic Plain, especially during summertime biomass burning pollution episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Shabin
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Haseeb Hakkim
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Vinayak Sinha
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140306, India.
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20
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Babu G, Das A, Chakrabarty A, Chowdhury G, Goswami M. Criegee Intermediate-Mediated Oxidation of Dimethyl Disulfide: Effect of Formic Acid and Its Atmospheric Relevance. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:8415-8426. [PMID: 37782474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation-reduction reactions of disulfides are important in both chemistry and biology. Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), the smallest reduced sulfur species with a disulfide bond, is emitted in significant quantities from natural sources and contributes to the formation of aerosols and hazardous haze. Although atmospheric removal of DMDS via the reactions with OH or NO3 radicals and photolysis is known, the reactions of DMDS with other atmospheric oxidants are yet to be explored. Herein, using quantum chemical calculations, we explored the reactions of DMDS with CH2OO (formaldehyde oxide) and other methyl-substituted Criegee intermediates. The various reaction pathways evaluated were found to have positive energy barriers. However, in the presence of formic acid, a direct oxygen-transfer pathway leading to the corresponding sulfoxide (CH3SS(O)CH3) was found to proceed through a submerged transition state below the separated reactants. Calculations for the methyl-substituted Criegee intermediates, particularly for anti-CH3CHOO, show a significant increase in the rate of the direct oxygen-transfer reaction when catalyzed by formic acid. The presence of formic acid also alters the mechanism and reduces the enthalpic barrier of a second pathway, forming thioformaldehyde and hydroperoxide without any rate enhancement. Our data indicated that, although Criegee intermediates are unlikely to be an important atmospheric sink of DMDS under normal conditions, in regions rich in DMDS and formic acid, the formic acid-catalyzed Criegee intermediate-mediated oxidation of DMDS via the direct oxygen-transfer pathway could lead to organic sulfur compounds contributing to atmospheric aerosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowtham Babu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, TN 632014, India
| | - Arijit Das
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, KA 560012, India
| | - Anindita Chakrabarty
- Department of Life Science, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence Deemed to be University, Delhi-NCR, UP 201314, India
| | | | - Mausumi Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, TN 632014, India
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21
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Roy TK, Liu T, Qian Y, Sojdak CA, Kozlowski MC, Lester MI. A five-carbon unsaturated Criegee intermediate: synthesis, spectroscopic identification, and theoretical study of 3-penten-2-one oxide. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10471-10477. [PMID: 37800006 PMCID: PMC10548502 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03993e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogenic alkenes, such as isoprene and α-pinene, are the predominant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted into the atmosphere. Atmospheric processing of alkenes via reaction with ozone leads to formation of zwitterionic reactive intermediates with a carbonyl oxide functional group, known as Criegee intermediates (CIs). CIs are known to exhibit a strong absorption (π* ← π) in the near ultraviolet and visible (UV-vis) region due to the carbonyl oxide moiety. This study focuses on the laboratory identification of a five-carbon CI with an unsaturated substituent, 3-penten-2-one oxide, which can be produced upon atmospheric ozonolysis of substituted isoprenes. 3-Penten-2-one oxide is generated in the laboratory by photolysis of a newly synthesized precursor, (Z)-2,4-diiodopent-2-ene, in the presence of oxygen. The electronic spectrum of 3-penten-2-one oxide was recorded by UV-vis induced depletion of the VUV photoionization signal on the parent m/z 100 mass channel using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The resultant electronic spectrum is broad and unstructured with peak absorption at ca. 375 nm. To complement the experimental findings, electronic structure calculations are performed at the CASPT2(12,10)/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory. The experimental spectrum shows good agreement with the calculated electronic spectrum and vertical excitation energy obtained for the lowest energy conformer of 3-penten-2-one oxide. In addition, OH radical products resulting from unimolecular decay of energized 3-penten-2-oxide CIs are detected by UV laser-induced fluorescence. Finally, the experimental electronic spectrum is compared with that of a four-carbon, isoprene-derived CI, methyl vinyl ketone oxide, to understand the effects of an additional methyl group on the associated electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Tianlin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Yujie Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Christopher A Sojdak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Marisa C Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
| | - Marsha I Lester
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104-6323 USA
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22
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Liu T, Elliott SN, Zou M, Vansco MF, Sojdak CA, Markus CR, Almeida R, Au K, Sheps L, Osborn DL, Winiberg FAF, Percival CJ, Taatjes CA, Caravan RL, Klippenstein SJ, Lester MI. OH Roaming and Beyond in the Unimolecular Decay of the Methyl-Ethyl-Substituted Criegee Intermediate: Observations and Predictions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19405-19420. [PMID: 37623926 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Alkene ozonolysis generates short-lived Criegee intermediates that are a significant source of hydroxyl (OH) radicals. This study demonstrates that roaming of the separating OH radicals can yield alternate hydroxycarbonyl products, thereby reducing the OH yield. Specifically, hydroxybutanone has been detected as a stable product arising from roaming in the unimolecular decay of the methyl-ethyl-substituted Criegee intermediate (MECI) under thermal flow cell conditions. The dynamical features of this novel multistage dissociation plus a roaming unimolecular decay process have also been examined with ab initio kinetics calculations. Experimentally, hydroxybutanone isomers are distinguished from the isomeric MECI by their higher ionization threshold and distinctive photoionization spectra. Moreover, the exponential rise of the hydroxybutanone kinetic time profile matches that for the unimolecular decay of MECI. A weaker methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) photoionization signal is also attributed to OH roaming. Complementary multireference electronic structure calculations have been utilized to map the unimolecular decay pathways for MECI, starting with 1,4 H atom transfer from a methyl or methylene group to the terminal oxygen, followed by roaming of the separating OH and butanonyl radicals in the long-range region of the potential. Roaming via reorientation and the addition of OH to the vinyl group of butanonyl is shown to yield hydroxybutanone, and subsequent C-O elongation and H-transfer can lead to MVK. A comprehensive theoretical kinetic analysis has been conducted to evaluate rate constants and branching yields (ca. 10-11%) for thermal unimolecular decay of MECI to conventional and roaming products under laboratory and atmospheric conditions, consistent with the estimated experimental yield (ca. 7%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Sarah N Elliott
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Meijun Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Michael F Vansco
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Christopher A Sojdak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Charles R Markus
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Raybel Almeida
- Combustion Research Facility, Mailstop 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Kendrew Au
- Combustion Research Facility, Mailstop 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Leonid Sheps
- Combustion Research Facility, Mailstop 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - David L Osborn
- Combustion Research Facility, Mailstop 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Frank A F Winiberg
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Carl J Percival
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Craig A Taatjes
- Combustion Research Facility, Mailstop 9055, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Rebecca L Caravan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Stephen J Klippenstein
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Marsha I Lester
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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23
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Chen Y, Zhong L, Liu S, Jiang H, Shi J, Jin Y, Yang X, Dong W. The simplest Criegee intermediate CH 2OO reaction with dimethylamine and trimethylamine: kinetics and atmospheric implications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:23187-23196. [PMID: 37605796 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02948d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
We have used the OH laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) method to measure the kinetics of the simplest Criegee intermediate (CH2OO) reacting with two abundant amines in the atmosphere: dimethylamine ((CH3)2NH) and trimethylamine ((CH3)3N). Our experiments were conducted under pseudo-first-order approximation conditions. The rate coefficients we report are (2.15 ± 0.28) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for (CH3)2NH at 298 K and 10 Torr, and (1.56 ± 0.23) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for (CH3)3N at 298 K and 25 Torr with Ar as the bath gas. Both reactions exhibit a negative temperature dependence. The activation energy and pre-exponential factors derived from the Arrhenius equation were (-2.03 ± 0.26) kcal mol-1 and (6.89 ± 0.90) × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for (CH3)2NH, and (-1.60 ± 0.24) kcal mol-1 and (1.06 ± 0.16) × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for (CH3)3N. We propose that the electronegativity of the atom in the co-reactant attached to the C atom of CH2OO, in addition to the dissociation energy of the fragile covalent bonds with H atoms (H-X bond), plays an important role in the 1,2-insertion reactions. Under certain circumstances, the title reactions can contribute to the sink of amines and Criegee intermediates and to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Lasers, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Licheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- College of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, China
| | - Siyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Haotian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Department of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiayu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuqi Jin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenrui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
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24
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Su ZS, Lee YP. Infrared Characterization of the Products of the Reaction between the Criegee Intermediate CH 3CHOO and HCl. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:6902-6915. [PMID: 37561815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The rapid reactions between Criegee intermediates and hydrogen halides play important roles in atmospheric chemistry, particularly in the polluted urban atmosphere. Employing a step-scan Fourier transform spectrometer, we recorded infrared absorption spectra of transient species and end products of the reaction CH3CHOO + HCl in a flowing mixture of CH3CHI2/HCl/O2/N2 irradiated at 308 nm. Bands at 1453.6, 1383.7, 1357.9, 1323.8, 1271.8, 1146.2, 1098.2, 1017.5, 931.5, and 847.0 cm-1 were observed and assigned to the anti-conformer of chloroethyl hydroperoxide (anti-CEHP or anti-CH3CHClOOH). In addition, absorption bands of H2O and acetyl chloride [CH3C(O)Cl, at 1819.1 cm-1] were observed; some of them were produced from the secondary reactions of CH3CHClO + O2 → CH3C(O)Cl + HO2 and OH + HCl → H2O + Cl, according to temporal profiles of H2O and CH3C(O)Cl. These secondary reactions are conceivable because the nascent formation of CH3CHClO + OH via decomposition of internally excited CEHP was predicted by theory, and both HCl and O2 are major species in the system. The nascent formation of CH3CHClO + OH appears to be more important than that of CH3C(O)Cl + H2O, consistent with theoretical predictions. By adding methanol to deplete some anti-CH3CHOO, we observed only anti-CEHP with a reduced proportion; this observation indicates that the conversion from syn-CEHP, expected to be produced from syn-CH3CHOO + HCl, to anti-CEHP is facile. We also estimated the overall rate coefficient of the reaction syn-/anti-CH3CHOO + HCl to be kHCl = (2.7 ± 1.0) × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at ∼70 Torr and 298 K; this rate coefficient is about six times the only literature value kHClsyn = (4.77 ± 0.95) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 reported for syn-CH3CHOO + HCl by Liu et al., indicating that anti-CH3CHOO reacts with HCl much more rapidly than syn-CH3CHOO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zih-Syuan Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Pern Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
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25
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Agarwal A, Boruah PJ, Ahamed SS, Baruah S, Paul AK. Post-Transition State Direct Dynamics Simulations on the Ozonolysis of Catechol in an N 2 Bath and Comparison with Gas-Phase Results. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:6804-6815. [PMID: 37531625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical dynamics simulations on the post-transition state dynamics of ozonolysis of catechol are performed in this article using a newly developed QM + MM simulation model. The reaction is performed in a bath of N2 molecules equilibrated at 300 K. Two bath densities, namely, 20 and 324 kg/m3, are considered for the simulation. The excitation temperatures of a catechol-O3 moiety are taken as 800, 1000, and 1500 K for each density. At these new excitation temperatures, the gas-phase results are also computed to compare the results and quantify the effect of surrounding molecules on this reaction. Like the previous findings, five reaction channels are observed in the present investigation, producing CO2, CO, O2, small carboxylic acid (SCA), and H2O. The probabilities of these products are discussed with the role of bath densities. Results from the gas-phase simulation and density of 20 kg/m3 are very similar, whereas results differ significantly at a higher bath density of 324 kg/m3. The rate constants for the unimolecular channel at each temperature and density are also calculated and reported. The QM + MM setup used here can also be used for other chemical reactions, where the solvent effect is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong 793003, Meghalaya, India
| | - Palash Jyoti Boruah
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong 793003, Meghalaya, India
| | - Sk Samir Ahamed
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong 793003, Meghalaya, India
| | - Shrutimala Baruah
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong 793003, Meghalaya, India
| | - Amit Kumar Paul
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong 793003, Meghalaya, India
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26
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Fischer I, Hemberger P. Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence Spectroscopy of Biradicals. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300334. [PMID: 37325876 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of biradicals is characterized by the presence of two unpaired electrons in degenerate or near-degenerate molecular orbitals. In particular, some of the most relevant species are highly reactive, difficult to generate cleanly and can only be studied in the gas phase or in matrices. Unveiling their electronic structure is, however, of paramount interest to understand their chemistry. Photoelectron photoion coincidence (PEPICO) spectroscopy is an excellent approach to explore the electronic states of biradicals, because it enables a direct correlation between the detected ions and electrons. This permits to extract unique vibrationally resolved photoion mass-selected threshold photoelectron spectra (ms-TPES) to obtain insight in the electronic structure of both the neutral and the cation. In this review we highlight most recent advances on the spectroscopy of biradicals and biradicaloids, utilizing PEPICO spectroscopy and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) synchrotron radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Fischer
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Hemberger
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
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27
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Sun Y, Long B, Truhlar DG. Unimolecular Reactions of E-Glycolaldehyde Oxide and Its Reactions with One and Two Water Molecules. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0143. [PMID: 37435010 PMCID: PMC10332847 DOI: 10.34133/research.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of Criegee intermediates are important for atmospheric modeling. However, the quantitative kinetics of Criegee intermediates are still very limited, especially for those with hydroxy groups. Here, we calculate rate constants for the unimolecular reaction of E-glycolaldehyde oxide [E-hydroxyethanal oxide, E-(CH2OH)CHOO], for its reactions with H2O and (H2O)2, and for the reaction of the E-(CH2OH)CHOO…H2O complex with H2O. For the highest level of electronic structure, we use W3X-L//CCSD(T)-F12a/cc-pVDZ-F12 for the unimolecular reaction and the reaction with water and W3X-L//DF-CCSD(T)-F12b/jun-cc-pVDZ for the reaction with 2 water molecules. For the dynamics, we use a dual-level strategy that combines conventional transition state theory with the highest level of electronic structure and multistructural canonical variational transition state theory with small-curvature tunneling with a validated density functional for the electronic structure. This dynamical treatment includes high-frequency anharmonicity, torsional anharmonicity, recrossing effects, and tunneling. We find that the unimolecular reaction of E-(CH2OH)CHOO depends on both temperature and pressure. The calculated results show that E-(CH2OH)CHOO…H2O + H2O is the dominant entrance channel, while previous investigations only considered Criegee intermediates + (H2O)2. In addition, we find that the atmospheric lifetime of E-(CH2OH)CHOO with respect to 2 water molecules is particularly short with a value of 1.71 × 10-6 s at 0 km, which is about 2 orders of magnitude shorter than those usually assumed for Criegee intermediate reactions with water dimer. We also find that the OH group in E-(CH2OH)CHOO enhances its reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bo Long
- Department of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA
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28
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Pham TV, Trang HTT. Mechanistic and Kinetic Approach on the Propargyl Radical (C 3H 3) with the Criegee Intermediate (CH 2OO). ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:16859-16868. [PMID: 37214685 PMCID: PMC10193399 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The detailed reaction mechanism and kinetics of the C3H3 + CH2OO system have been thoroughly investigated. The CBS-QB3 method in conjunction with the ME/vRRKM theory has been applied to figure out the potential energy surface and rate constants for the C3H3 + CH2OO system. The C3H3 + CH2OO reaction leading to the CH2-[cyc-CCHCHOO] + H product dominates compared to the others. Rate constants of the reaction are dependent on temperatures (300-2000 K) and pressures (1-76,000 Torr), for which the rate constant of the channel C3H3 + CH2OO → CH2-[cyc-CCHCHOO] + H decreases at low pressures (1-76 Torr), but it increases with rising temperature if the pressure P ≥ 760 Torr. Rate constants of the three reaction channels C3H3 + CH2OO → CHCCH2CHO + OH, C3H3 + CH2OO → OCHCHCHCHO + H, and C3H3 + CH2OO → CHCHCHO + CH2O fluctuate with temperatures. The branching ratio of the C3H3 + CH2OO → CH2-[cyc-CCHCHOO] + H channel is the highest, accounting for 51-98.7% in the temperature range of 300-2000 K and 760 Torr pressure, while those of the channels forming the products PR10 (OCHCHCHCHO + H) and PR11 (CHCHCHO + CH2O) are the lowest, less than 0.1%, indicating that the contribution of these two reaction paths to the title reaction is insignificant. The proposed temperature- and pressure-dependent rate constants, together with the thermodynamic data of the species involved, can be confidently used for modeling CH2OO-related systems under atmospheric and combustion conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien V. Pham
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University
of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang T. T. Trang
- Department
of Chemistry, Hanoi Architectural University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
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29
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Lee HK, Chantanapongvanij P, Schmidt RR, Stephenson TA. Master Equation Studies of the Unimolecular Decay of Thermalized Methacrolein Oxide: The Impact of Atmospheric Conditions. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:4492-4502. [PMID: 37163697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Master equation simulations of the unimolecular reaction dynamics of the Criegee intermediate methacrolein oxide (MACR oxide) have been performed under a variety of temperature and pressure conditions. These simulations provide insight into how the unimolecular kinetics vary across temperatures spanning the range 288-320 K. This work has incorporated a new potential energy surface and includes the anti-to-syn and cis-to-trans conformational dynamics of MACR oxide, as well as the unimolecular reactions to form dioxirane and dioxole species. The competition between the unimolecular reactivity of MACR oxide and previously documented bimolecular reactivity of MACR oxide with water vapor is explored, focusing on how this competition is affected by changes in atmospheric conditions. The impact on the role of MACR oxide as an atmospheric oxidant of SO2 is noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Pitchaya Chantanapongvanij
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Rory R Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Thomas A Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
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30
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Xiao W, Yan S, Liu X, Sun S, Ui Haq Khan Z, Wu W, Sun J. Theoretical study on the degradation mechanism, kinetics and toxicity for aqueous ozonation reaction of furan derivatives. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 332:138782. [PMID: 37142106 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The compounds including Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA), 2-methyl-3-furoic acid (MFA), and 2-furoic acid (FA), containing Furan rings are considered to be possessing high ozone reactivity, although in depth studies of their ozonation processes have not been carried out yet. Hence, mechanism, kinetics and toxicity by quantum chemical, and their structure activity relationship are being investigated in this study. Studies of reaction mechanisms revealed that during the ozonolysis of three furan derivatives containing C=C double bond, furan ring opening occurs. At temperature (298 K) and pressure of 1 atm the degradations rates of 2.22 × 103 M-1 s-1 (FDCA), 5.81 × 106 M-1 s-1 (MFA) and 1.22 × 105 M-1 s-1 (FA) suggested that the reactivity order is: MFA > FA > FDCA. In the presence of water, oxygen and ozone, the primary product of ozonation, the Criegee intermediates (CIs) would produce lower molecule weight of aldehydes and carboxylic acids by undergoing degradation pathways. The aquatic toxicity reveals that three furan derivatives play green chemicals roles. Significantly, most of degradation products are least harmful to organisms residing the hydrosphere. The mutagenicity and developmental toxicity of FDCA is minimum as compared to FA and MFA, which shows the applicability of FDCA in a wider and broader field. Results of this study revealed its importance in the industrial sector and degradation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China
| | - Suding Yan
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, PR China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China
| | - Simei Sun
- Huangshi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology and Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, PR China
| | - Zia Ui Haq Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Wenzhong Wu
- College of Foreign Languages, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China.
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31
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Chen Y, Jiang H, Liu S, Shi J, Jin Y, Yang X, Dong W. Kinetics of the Simplest Criegee Intermediate CH 2OO Reaction with tert-Butylamine. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2432-2439. [PMID: 36913641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of the simplest Criegee intermediate (CH2OO) reaction with tert-butylamine ((CH3)3CNH2) was studied under pseudo-first-order conditions with the OH laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) method at the temperature range of 283-318 K and the pressure range of 5-75 Torr. Our pressure-dependent measurement showed that at 5 Torr─the lowest pressure measured in the current experiment─this reaction was under the high-pressure limit condition. At 298 K, the reaction rate coefficient was measured to be (4.95 ± 0.64) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The title reaction was observed to be negative temperature-dependent; the activation energy of (-2.82 ± 0.37) kcal mol-1 and the pre-exponential factor of (4.21 ± 0.55) × 10-14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 were derived from the Arrhenius equation. The rate coefficient of the title reaction is slightly larger than (4.3 ± 0.5) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 of the CH2OO reaction with methylamine; the electron inductive effect and the steric hindrance effect might play a role in contributing to such difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Lasers, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Haotian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Department of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Siyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jiayu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, China
| | - Yuqi Jin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenrui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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32
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Sit MK, Das S, Samanta K. Semiclassical Dynamics on Machine-Learned Coupled Multireference Potential Energy Surfaces: Application to the Photodissociation of the Simplest Criegee Intermediate. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2376-2387. [PMID: 36856588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Determination of high-dimensional potential energy surfaces (PESs) and nonadiabatic couplings have always been quite challenging. To this end, machine learning (ML) models, trained with a finite set of ab initio data, allow accurate prediction of such properties. To express the PESs in terms of atomic contributions is the cornerstone of any ML based technique because it can be easily scaled to large systems. In this work, we have constructed high fidelity PESs and nonadiabatic coupling terms at the CASSCF level of ab initio data using a machine learning technique, namely, kernel-ridge regression. Additional MRCI-level calculations were carried out to assess the quality of the PESs. We use these machine-learned PESs and nonadiabatic couplings to simulate excited-state molecular dynamics based on Tully's fewest-switches surface hopping method (FSSH). FSSH is a semiclassical method in which nuclei move on the PESs due to the electrons according to the laws of classical mechanics. Nonadiabatic effects are taken into account in terms of transitions between PESs. We apply this scheme to study the O-O photodissociation of the simplest Criegee intermediate (CH2OO). The FSSH trajectories were initiated on the lowest optically bright singlet excited state (S2) and propagated along the three most important internal coordinates, namely, O-O and C-O bond distances and the COO bond angle. Some of the trajectories end up on energetically lower PESs as a result of radiationless transfer through conical intersections. All of the trajectories lead to the dissociation of the O-O bond due to the dissociative nature of the excited PESs through one of the two dissociative channels. The simulation reveals that there is about 88.4% probability of dissociation through the lower channel leading to the H2CO (X1A1) and O (1D) products, whereas there is only 11.6% probability of dissociation through the upper channel leading to H2CO (a3A″) and O (3P) products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh K Sit
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Subhasish Das
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Kousik Samanta
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul, Odisha 752050, India
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33
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Wang G, Liu T, Zou M, Karsili TNV, Lester MI. UV photodissociation dynamics of the acetone oxide Criegee intermediate: experiment and theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:7453-7465. [PMID: 36848133 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00207a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The photodissociation dynamics of the dimethyl-substituted acetone oxide Criegee intermediate [(CH3)2COO] is characterized following electronic excitation to the bright 1ππ* state, which leads to O (1D) + acetone [(CH3)2CO, S0] products. The UV action spectrum of (CH3)2COO recorded with O (1D) detection under jet-cooled conditions is broad, unstructured, and essentially unchanged from the corresponding electronic absorption spectrum obtained using a UV-induced depletion method. This indicates that UV excitation of (CH3)2COO leads predominantly to the O (1D) product channel. A higher energy O (3P) + (CH3)2CO (T1) product channel is not observed, although it is energetically accessible. In addition, complementary MS-CASPT2 trajectory surface-hopping (TSH) simulations indicate minimal population leading to the O (3P) channel and non-unity overall probability for dissociation (within 100 fs). Velocity map imaging of the O (1D) products is utilized to reveal the total kinetic energy release (TKER) distribution upon photodissociation of (CH3)2COO at various UV excitation energies. Simulation of the TKER distributions is performed using a hybrid model that combines an impulsive model with a statistical component, the latter reflecting the longer-lived (>100 fs) trajectories identified in the TSH calculations. The impulsive model accounts for vibrational activation of (CH3)2CO arising from geometrical changes between the Criegee intermediate and the carbonyl product, indicating the importance of CO stretch, CCO bend, and CC stretch along with activation of hindered rotation and rock of the methyl groups in the (CH3)2CO product. Detailed comparison is also made with the TKER distribution arising from photodissociation dynamics of CH2OO upon UV excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA.
| | - Tianlin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA.
| | - Meijun Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA.
| | - Tolga N V Karsili
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA.
| | - Marsha I Lester
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA.
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34
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Theoretical Study on the Gas Phase and Gas-Liquid Interface Reaction Mechanism of Criegee Intermediates with Glycolic Acid Sulfate. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043355. [PMID: 36834768 PMCID: PMC9965808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Criegee intermediates (CIs) are important zwitterionic oxidants in the atmosphere, which affect the budget of OH radicals, amines, alcohols, organic/inorganic acids, etc. In this study, quantum chemical calculation and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamic (BOMD) simulation were performed to show the reaction mechanisms of C2 CIs with glycolic acid sulfate (GAS) at the gas-phase and gas-liquid interface, respectively. The results indicate that CIs can react with COOH and OSO3H groups of GAS and generate hydroperoxide products. Intramolecular proton transfer reactions occurred in the simulations. Moreover, GAS acts as a proton donor and participates in the hydration of CIs, during which the intramolecular proton transfer also occurs. As GAS widely exists in atmospheric particulate matter, the reaction with GAS is one of the sink pathways of CIs in areas polluted by particulate matter.
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35
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Beltrán FJ, Chávez AM, Cintas P, Martínez RF. Mechanistic Insights into the Oxidative Degradation of Formic and Oxalic Acids with Ozone and OH Radical. A Computational Rationale. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:1491-1498. [PMID: 36749871 PMCID: PMC9940222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase and aqueous oxidations of formic and oxalic acids with ozone and OH radicals have been thoroughly examined by DFT methods. Such acids are not only important feedstocks for the iterative construction of other organic compounds but also final products generated by mineralization and advanced oxidation of higher organics. Our computational simulation unravels both common and distinctive reaction channels, albeit consistent with known H atom abstraction pathways and formation of hydropolyoxide derivatives. Notably, reactions with neutral ozone and OH radical proceed through low-energy concerted mechanisms involving asynchronous transition structures. For formic acid, carbonylic H-abstraction appears to be more favorable than the dissociative abstraction of the acid proton. Formation of long oxygen chains does not cause a significant energy penalty and highly oxygenated products are stable enough, even if subsequent decomposition releases environmentally benign side substances like O2 and H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J. Beltrán
- Departamento
de Ingeniería Química y Química Física,
Facultad de Ciencias, and Instituto Universitario de Investigación
del Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad, (IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain,
| | - Ana María Chávez
- Departamento
de Ingeniería Química y Química Física,
Facultad de Ciencias, and Instituto Universitario de Investigación
del Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad, (IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Pedro Cintas
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de
Ciencias, and Instituto Universitario de Investigación del
Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad, (IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - R. Fernando Martínez
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de
Ciencias, and Instituto Universitario de Investigación del
Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad, (IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain,
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36
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Luo PL. Kinetics and pressure-dependent HO x yields of the reaction between the Criegee intermediate CH 2OO and HNO 3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4062-4069. [PMID: 36651102 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03660f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of Criegee intermediates with nitric acid (HNO3) plays an important role for removal of Criegee intermediates as well as in oxidation of atmospheric HNO3 because of its fast reaction rate. Theoretical prediction suggests that the product branching ratios of the reaction of the simplest Criegee intermediate CH2OO with HNO3 are strongly pressure dependent and the CH2OO may be catalytically converted to OH and HCO radicals by HNO3. The direct quantification of HOx radicals formed from this reaction is hence crucial to evaluate its atmospheric implications. By employing mid-infrared multifunctional dual-comb spectrometers, the kinetics and product yields of the reaction CH2OO + HNO3 are investigated. A pressure independent rate coefficient of (1.9 ± 0.2) × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 is obtained under a total pressure of 6.3-58.6 Torr at 296 K. The product branching ratios are derived by simultaneous determination of CH2OO, formaldehyde (CH2O), OH and HO2 radicals. At the total pressure of 12.5 Torr, the yield for the formation of NO2 + CH2O + HO2 is 36% and only 3.2% for OH + CH2(O)NO3, whereas the main remainder may be thermalized nitrooxymethyl hydroperoxide (NMHP, NO3CH2OOH). Additionally, the fractional yields of both the OH and HO2 product channels are decreased by a factor of roughly 2 from 12 to 60 Torr, indicating that there is almost no catalytic conversion of CH2OO to the OH radicals in the presence of HNO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ling Luo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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37
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Wang G, Liu T, Zou M, Sojdak CA, Kozlowski MC, Karsili TNV, Lester MI. Electronic Spectroscopy and Dissociation Dynamics of Vinyl-Substituted Criegee Intermediates: 2-Butenal Oxide and Comparison with Methyl Vinyl Ketone Oxide and Methacrolein Oxide Isomers. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:203-215. [PMID: 36574960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The 2-butenal oxide Criegee intermediate [(CH3CH═CH)CHOO], an isomer of the four-carbon unsaturated Criegee intermediates derived from isoprene ozonolysis, is characterized on its first π* ← π electronic transition and by the resultant dissociation dynamics to O (1D) + 2-butenal [(CH3CH═CH)CHO] products. The electronic spectrum of 2-butenal oxide under jet-cooled conditions is observed to be broad and unstructured with peak absorption at 373 nm, spanning to half maxima at 320 and 420 nm, and in good accord with the computed vertical excitation energies and absorption spectra obtained for its lowest energy conformers. The distribution of total kinetic energy released to products is ascertained through velocity map imaging of the O (1D) products. About half of the available energy, deduced from the theoretically computed asymptotic energy, is accommodated as internal excitation of the 2-butenal fragment. A reduced impulsive model is introduced to interpret the photodissociation dynamics, which accounts for the geometric changes between 2-butenal oxide and the 2-butenal fragment, and vibrational activation of associated modes in the 2-butenal product. Application of the reduced impulsive model to the photodissociation of isomeric methyl vinyl ketone oxide reveals greater internal activation of the methyl vinyl ketone product arising from methyl internal rotation and rock, which is distinctly different from the dissociation dynamics of 2-butenal oxide or methacrolein oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Tianlin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Meijun Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Christopher A Sojdak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Marisa C Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Tolga N V Karsili
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504, United States
| | - Marsha I Lester
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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38
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Franzon L, Peltola J, Valiev R, Vuorio N, Kurtén T, Eskola A. An Experimental and Master Equation Investigation of Kinetics of the CH 2OO + RCN Reactions (R = H, CH 3, C 2H 5) and Their Atmospheric Relevance. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:477-488. [PMID: 36602183 PMCID: PMC9869398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We have performed direct kinetic measurements of the CH2OO + RCN reactions (R = H, CH3, C2H5) in the temperature range 233-360 K and pressure range 10-250 Torr using time-resolved UV-absorption spectroscopy. We have utilized a new photolytic precursor, chloroiodomethane (CH2ICl), whose photolysis at 193 nm in the presence of O2 produces CH2OO. Observed bimolecular rate coefficients for CH2OO + HCN, CH2OO + CH3CN, and CH2OO + C2H5CN reactions at 296 K are (2.22 ± 0.65) × 10-14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, (1.02 ± 0.10) × 10-14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, and (2.55 ± 0.13) × 10-14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, respectively, suggesting that reaction with CH2OO is a potential atmospheric degradation pathway for nitriles. All the reactions have negligible temperature and pressure dependence in the studied regions. Quantum chemical calculations (ωB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ optimization with CCSD(T)-F12a/VDZ-F12 electronic energy correction) of the CH2OO + RCN reactions indicate that the barrierless lowest-energy reaction path leads to a ring closure, resulting in the formation of a 1,2,4-dioxazole compound. Master equation modeling results suggest that following the ring closure, chemical activation in the case of CH2OO + HCN and CH2OO + CH3CN reactions leads to a rapid decomposition of 1,2,4-dioxazole into a CH2O + RNCO pair, or by a rearrangement, into a formyl amide (RC(O)NHC(O)H), followed by decomposition into CO and an imidic acid (RC(NH)OH). The 1,2,4-dioxazole, the CH2O + RNCO pair, and the CO + RC(NH)OH pair are atmospherically significant end products to varying degrees.
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39
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Liu Y, Zhou M, Lu K. Compilation of reaction kinetics parameters determined in the Key Development Project for Air Pollution Formation Mechanism and Control Technologies in China. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 123:327-340. [PMID: 36521996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A compilation of new advances made in the research field of laboratory reaction kinetics in China's Key Development Project for Air Pollution Formation Mechanism and Control Technologies was presented. These advances are grouped into six broad, interrelated categories, including volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidation, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, new particle formation (NPF) and gas-particle partitioning, ozone chemistry, model parameters, and secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) formation, highlighting the laboratory work done by Chinese researchers. For smog chamber applications, the current knowledge gained from laboratory studies is reviewed, with emphasis on summarizing the oxidation mechanisms of long-chain alkanes, aromatics, alkenes, aldehydes/ketones in the atmosphere, SOA formation from anthropogenic emission sources, and oxidation of aromatics, isoprene, and limonene, as well as SIA formation. For flow tube applications, atmospheric oxidation mechanisms of toluene and methacrolein, SOA formation from limonene oxidation by ozone, gas-particle partitioning of peroxides, and sulfuric acid-water (H2SO4-H2O) binary nucleation, methanesulfonic acid-water (MSA-H2O) binary nucleation, and sulfuric acid-ammonia-water (H2SO4-NH3-H2O) ternary nucleation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Keding Lu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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40
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Karsili TNV, Marchetti B, Lester MI, Ashfold MNR. Electronic Absorption Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of Criegee Intermediates. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:4-18. [PMID: 35713380 DOI: 10.1111/php.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Interest in Criegee intermediates (CIs), often termed carbonyl oxides, and their role in tropospheric chemistry has grown massively since the demonstration of laboratory-based routes to their formation and characterization in the gas phase. This article reviews current knowledge regarding the electronic spectroscopy of atmospherically relevant CIs like CH2 OO, CH3 CHOO, (CH3 )2 COO and larger CIs like methyl vinyl ketone oxide and methacrolein oxide that are formed in the ozonolysis of isoprene, and of selected conjugated carbene-derived CIs of interest in the synthetic chemistry community. Of the aforementioned atmospherically relevant CIs, all except CH2 OO and (CH3 )2 COO exist in different conformers which, under tropospheric conditions, can display strikingly different thermal loss rates via unimolecular and bimolecular processes. Calculated photolysis rates based on their absorption properties suggest that solar photolysis will rarely be a significant contributor to the total loss rate for any CI under tropospheric conditions. Nonetheless, there is ever-growing interest in the absorption cross sections and primary photochemistry of CIs following excitation to the strongly absorbing 1 ππ* state, and how this varies with CI, with conformer and with excitation wavelength. The later part of this review surveys the photochemical data reported to date, including a range of studies that demonstrate prompt photo-induced fission of the terminal O-O bond, and speculates about possible alternate decay processes that could occur following non-adiabatic coupling to, and dissociation from, highly internally excited levels of the electronic ground state of a CI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marsha I Lester
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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41
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Cornwell ZA, Enders JJ, Harrison AW, Murray C. Temperature‐dependent kinetics of the reactions of CH
2
OO with acetone, biacetyl, and acetylacetone. INT J CHEM KINET 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonas J. Enders
- Department of Chemistry University of California Irvine California USA
| | | | - Craig Murray
- Department of Chemistry University of California Irvine California USA
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42
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Xu X, Pang H, Liu C, Wang K, Loisel G, Li L, Gligorovski S, Li X. Real-time measurements of product compounds formed through the reaction of ozone with breath exhaled VOCs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:2237-2248. [PMID: 36472140 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00339b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Human presence can affect indoor air quality because of secondary organic compounds formed upon reactions between gaseous oxidant species, e.g., ozone (O3), hydroxyl radicals (OH), and chemical compounds from skin, exhaled breath, hair and clothes. We assess the gas-phase product compounds generated by reactions of gaseous O3 with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from exhaled human breath by real time analysis using a high-resolution quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometer (HRMS) coupled to a secondary electrospray ionization (SESI) source. Based on the product compounds identified we propose a reaction mechanism initiated by O3 oxidation of the most common breath constituents, isoprene, α-terpinene and ammonia (NH3). The reaction of O3 with isoprene and α-terpinene generates ketones and aldehydes such as 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone, methyl vinyl ketone, 3-carbonyl butyraldehyde, formaldehyde and toxic compounds such as 3-methyl furan. Formation of compounds with reduced nitrogen containing functional groups such as amines, imines and imides is highly plausible through NH3 initiated cleavage of the C-O bond. The detected gas-phase product compounds suggest that human breath can additionally affect indoor air quality through the formation of harmful secondary products and future epidemiological studies should evaluate the potential health effects of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hongwei Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Chinese Academy of Science, Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Kangyi Wang
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Gwendal Loisel
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Chinese Academy of Science, Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Sasho Gligorovski
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Chinese Academy of Science, Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xue Li
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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43
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Fan H, Ma J, Zhu L, Liu B, Liu F, Shan X, Wang Z, Wang L. Unusual Diradical Intermediates in Ozonolysis of Alkenes: A Combined Theoretical and Synchrotron Radiation Photoionization Mass Spectrometric Study on Ozonolysis of Alkyl Vinyl Ethers. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8021-8027. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Fan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jun Ma
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Long Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Bingzhi Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Fuyi Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Xiaobin Shan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Zhandong Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Liming Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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44
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Zhao Y, Yao M, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang S, Li C, Xiao H. Acylperoxy Radicals as Key Intermediates in the Formation of Dimeric Compounds in α-Pinene Secondary Organic Aerosol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:14249-14261. [PMID: 36178682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High molecular weight dimeric compounds constitute a significant fraction of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and have profound impacts on the properties and lifecycle of particles in the atmosphere. Although different formation mechanisms involving reactive intermediates and/or closed-shell monomeric species have been proposed for the particle-phase dimers, their relative importance remains in debate. Here, we report unambiguous experimental evidence of the important role of acyl organic peroxy radicals (RO2) and a small but non-negligible contribution from stabilized Criegee intermediates (SCIs) in the formation of particle-phase dimers during ozonolysis of α-pinene, one of the most important precursors for biogenic SOA. Specifically, we find that acyl RO2-involved reactions explain 50-80% of total oxygenated dimer signals (C15-C20, O/C ≥ 0.4) and 20-30% of the total less oxygenated (O/C < 0.4) dimer signals. In particular, they contribute to 70% of C15-C19 dimer ester formation, likely mainly via the decarboxylation of diacyl peroxides arising from acyl RO2 cross-reactions. In comparison, SCIs play a minor role in the formation of C15-C19 dimer esters but react noticeably with the most abundant C9 and C10 carboxylic acids and/or carbonyl products to form C19 and C20 dimeric peroxides, which are prone to particle-phase transformation to form more stable dimers without the peroxide functionality. This work provides a clearer view of the formation pathways of particle-phase dimers from α-pinene oxidation and would help reduce the uncertainties in future atmospheric modeling of the budget, properties, and health and climate impacts of SOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Min Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yingqi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ziyue Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shunyao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huayun Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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45
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Robinson C, Onel L, Newman J, Lade R, Au K, Sheps L, Heard DE, Seakins PW, Blitz MA, Stone D. Unimolecular Kinetics of Stabilized CH 3CHOO Criegee Intermediates: syn-CH 3CHOO Decomposition and anti-CH 3CHOO Isomerization. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6984-6994. [PMID: 36146923 PMCID: PMC9549458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the unimolecular decomposition of the stabilized Criegee intermediate syn-CH3CHOO has been investigated at temperatures between 297 and 331 K and pressures between 12 and 300 Torr using laser flash photolysis of CH3CHI2/O2/N2 gas mixtures coupled with time-resolved broadband UV absorption spectroscopy. Fits to experimental results using the Master Equation Solver for Multi-Energy well Reactions (MESMER) indicate that the barrier height to decomposition is 67.2 ± 1.3 kJ mol-1 and that there is a strong tunneling component to the decomposition reaction under atmospheric conditions. At 298 K and 760 Torr, MESMER simulations indicate a rate coefficient of 150-81+176 s-1 when tunneling effects are included but only 5-2+3 s-1 when tunneling is not considered in the model. MESMER simulations were also performed for the unimolecular isomerization of the stabilized Criegee intermediate anti-CH3CHOO to methyldioxirane, indicating a rate coefficient of 54-21+34 s-1 at 298 K and 760 Torr, which is not impacted by tunneling effects. Expressions to describe the unimolecular kinetics of syn- and anti-CH3CHOO are provided for use in atmospheric models, and atmospheric implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Robinson
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Lavinia Onel
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - James Newman
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Rachel Lade
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Kendrew Au
- Combustion
Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Leonid Sheps
- Combustion
Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Dwayne E. Heard
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Paul W. Seakins
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Mark A. Blitz
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
- National
Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Daniel Stone
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
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46
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Yu S, Jia L, Xu Y, Pan Y. Formation of extremely low-volatility organic compounds from styrene ozonolysis: Implication for nucleation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135459. [PMID: 35753415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Styrene is a highly reactive compound with the dual nature of aromatics and olefins. This work presents evidence for formation of extremely low-volatility organic compounds (ELVOCs) from styrene ozonolysis. The molecules of ELVOCs were analyzed using a high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometer. The results show that ELVOCs were oligomers characterized by stabilized Criegee radicals (SCIs) as chain units. The addition of C6H5CHOO (SCI1) or CH2OO (SCI2) can dramatically decrease the oligomers' volatility. At low relative humidity (RH), ELVOCs are mainly formed from the reaction of RO2 radical, C6H5OO·, with SCI1 and SCI2; however, ELVOCs are primarily produced by the reaction between benzoic acid and SCI1 at high RH. Ambient particles were also collected to propose the probable oligomers from styrene-SCI. Our results suggest that styrene-SCI derived ELVOCs may act as nucleating agents, potentially providing an experimental basis for nucleation events that frequently occur in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Long Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yongfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuepeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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47
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Yang J, Li Y, Makroni L, Liu F. The photoisomerization mechanism of methacrolein oxide (MACR-OO): the cyclic dioxole formation pathway revealed. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22531-22537. [PMID: 36111632 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03028d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methacrolein oxide (MACR-OO), the isopropenyl substituted Criegee intermediate (CI), is one product of isoprene ozonolysis. In this work, we report MACR-OO's photo-isomerization paths with electronic structure calculation at the CASSCF and MS-CASPT2 levels and trajectory surface-hopping (TSH) nonadiabatic dynamics simulation at the CASSCF level. Our calculated results show that the ring-closure is the dominant photo-induced unimolecular isomerization of MACR-OO in the S1 state. In addition, a new photo-induced ring-closure to heterocyclopentane dioxole in syn_syn-MACR-OO is found. The findings of MACR-OO are expected to deepen the understanding of the substituted CIs and their photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yazhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lily Makroni
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fengyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Zhao YC, Long B, Francisco JS. Quantitative Kinetics of the Reaction between CH 2OO and H 2O 2 in the Atmosphere. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6742-6750. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Zhao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bo Long
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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49
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Antwi E, Ratliff JM, Ashfold MNR, Karsili TNV. Comparing the Excited State Dynamics of CH 2OO, the Simplest Criegee Intermediate, Following Vertical versus Adiabatic Excitation. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6236-6243. [PMID: 36067494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio molecular dynamics studies of CH2OO molecules following excitation to the minimum-energy geometry of the strongly absorbing S2 (1ππ*) state reveal a much richer range of behaviors than just the prompt O-O bond fission, with unity quantum yield and retention of overall planarity, identified in previous vertical excitation studies from the ground (S0) state. Trajectories propagated for 100 fs from the minimum-energy region of the S2 state show a high surface hopping (nonadiabatic coupling) probability between the near-degenerate S2 and S1 (1nπ*) states at geometries close to the S2 minimum, which enables population transfer to the optically dark S1 state. Greater than 80% of the excited population undergoes O-O bond fission on the S2 or S1 potential energy surfaces (PESs) within the analysis period, mostly from nonplanar geometries wherein the CH2 moiety is twisted relative to the COO plane. Trajectory analysis also reveals recurrences in the O-O stretch coordinate, consistent with the resonance structure observed at the red end of the parent S2-S0 absorption spectrum, and a small propensity for out-of-plane motion after nonadiabatic coupling to the S1 PES that enables access to a conical intersection between the S1 and S0 states and cyclization to dioxirane products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Antwi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70503, United States
| | - Jordyn M Ratliff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70503, United States
| | - Michael N R Ashfold
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Tolga N V Karsili
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70503, United States
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50
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Williams PJH, Boustead GA, Heard DE, Seakins PW, Rickard AR, Chechik V. New Approach to the Detection of Short-Lived Radical Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15969-15976. [PMID: 36001076 PMCID: PMC9460783 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We report a new general method for trapping short-lived
radicals,
based on a homolytic substitution reaction SH2′.
This departure from conventional radical trapping by addition or radical–radical
cross-coupling results in high sensitivity, detailed structural information,
and general applicability of the new approach. The radical traps in
this method are terminal alkenes possessing a nitroxide leaving group
(e.g., allyl-TEMPO derivatives). The trapping process
thus yields stable products which can be stored and subsequently analyzed
by mass spectrometry (MS) supported by well-established techniques
such as isotope exchange, tandem MS, and high-performance liquid chromatography-MS.
The new method was applied to a range of model radical reactions in
both liquid and gas phases including a photoredox-catalyzed thiol–ene
reaction and alkene ozonolysis. An unprecedented range of radical
intermediates was observed in complex reaction mixtures, offering
new mechanistic insights. Gas-phase radicals can be detected at concentrations
relevant to atmospheric chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J H Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | | | - Dwayne E Heard
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Paul W Seakins
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Andrew R Rickard
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.,National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Victor Chechik
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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