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Goff KL, Ellis TH, Wilson KE. Synchrotron FTIR spectromicroscopy as a tool for studying populations and individual living cells of green algae. Analyst 2021; 145:7993-8001. [PMID: 33410428 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01386b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectromicroscopy was used to study individual living cells of three closely-related species of the green algal genus Chlamydomonas. Three types of spectral variation were observed between individual cells within a single culture, as well as between different cultures: variation around a mean, individual outliers, and the presence of subpopulations. By understanding and controlling this variation, we were able to spectroscopically differentiate between the three closely-related species. Spectral differences were confirmed using principal component analysis, leading to an understanding of the biochemical differences between species. This work highlights the additional information obtained by studying individual cells, and has implications for more traditional bulk measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira L Goff
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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2
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Déniel M, Errien N, Lagarde F, Zanella M, Caruso A. Interactions between polystyrene nanoparticles and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii monitored by infrared spectroscopy combined with molecular biology. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115227. [PMID: 32721774 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For several decades, use of nanoparticles (NP) on a global scale has been generating new potential sources of organism disruption. Recent studies have shown that NP can cause modifications on the biochemical macromolecular composition of microalgae and raised questions on the toxicity of plastic particles, which are widespread in the aquatic environment. Polystyrene (PS) particles are among the most widely used plastics in the world. In our experimentation, a combined approach of infrared spectroscopy and molecular biology (real-time PCR) has been applied in order to better apprehend the consequences of interactions between Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, freshwater microalgae and PS NP. Two references have been used, nitrogen deprivation -a well-documented stressor-, and gold nanoparticles (Au-NP). As regards biochemical composition, our experiments show a differing microalga response, according to the NP to which they have been exposed. Results with infrared spectroscopy and gene expression methods are consistent and illustrate variation among several carbohydrates (galactose…). Furthermore, PS-NP seem to react in the same direction as nitrogen limitation, thereby supporting the hypothesis that PS-NP can induce response mechanisms to environmental changes in microalgae. This study highlighted the interest of combining infrared spectroscopy and gene expression as means of monitoring microalgae response to nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Déniel
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Nicolas Errien
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Fabienne Lagarde
- Le Mans Université, IMMM UMR-CNRS 6283, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Marie Zanella
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé, EA 2160, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Aurore Caruso
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé, EA 2160, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
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3
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Infrared spectroscopy as a tool to monitor interactions between nanoplastics and microalgae. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:4413-4422. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02683-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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4
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Xin X, Huang G, An C, Feng R. Interactive Toxicity of Triclosan and Nano-TiO 2 to Green Alga Eremosphaera viridis in Lake Erie: A New Perspective Based on Fourier Transform Infrared Spectromicroscopy and Synchrotron-Based X-ray Fluorescence Imaging. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9884-9894. [PMID: 31322895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the toxicity of triclosan in the presence of TiO2 P25 to the green alga Eremosphaera viridis in Lake Erie. Multiple physicochemical end points were conducted to perform a comprehensive analysis of the toxic effects of individual and combined pollutants. Fourier transform infrared spectromicroscopy and synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence imaging were first documented to be applied to explore the distribution variation of macromolecules and microelements in single algal cells in interactive toxicity studies. The results were different based on different triclosan concentrations and measurement end points. Comparing with individual pollutants, the toxicity intensified in lipids, proteins, and oxidative stress at 1000 and 4000 μg/L triclosan in the presence of P25. There were increases in dry weight, chlorophyll content, lipids, and catalase content when cells were exposed to P25 and 15.625 μg/L triclosan. The toxicity alleviated when P25 interacted with 62.5 and 250 μg/L triclosan compared with triclosan-only exposure. The reasons could be attributed to the combination of adsorption, biodegradation, and photocatalysis of triclosan by algae and P25, triclosan dispersion by increased biomass, triclosan adherency on algal exudates, and triclosan adsorption site reduction on algae surface owing to P25's taking over. This work provides new insights into the interactive toxicity of nanoparticles and personal care products to freshwater photosynthetic organisms. The findings can help with risk evaluation for predicting outcomes of exposure to mixtures and with prioritizing further studies on joint toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaying Xin
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities , University of Regina , Regina S4S 0A2 , Canada
| | - Gordon Huang
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities , University of Regina , Regina S4S 0A2 , Canada
| | - Chunjiang An
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering , Concordia University , Montreal H3G 1M8 , Canada
| | - Renfei Feng
- Canadian Light Source , Saskatoon S7N 2 V3 , Saskatchewan , Canada
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5
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Charles ED, Muhamadali H, Goodacre R, Pittman JK. Biochemical signatures of acclimation by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to different ionic stresses. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Muhamadali H, Subaihi A, Mohammadtaheri M, Xu Y, Ellis DI, Ramanathan R, Bansal V, Goodacre R. Rapid, accurate, and comparative differentiation of clinically and industrially relevant microorganisms via multiple vibrational spectroscopic fingerprinting. Analyst 2018; 141:5127-36. [PMID: 27414261 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00883f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that various microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc.) have been linked with infectious diseases, their crucial role towards sustaining life on Earth is undeniable. The huge biodiversity, combined with the wide range of biochemical capabilities of these organisms, have always been the driving force behind their large number of current, and, as of yet, undiscovered future applications. The presence of such diversity could be said to expedite the need for the development of rapid, accurate and sensitive techniques which allow for the detection, differentiation, identification and classification of such organisms. In this study, we employed Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman, and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopies, as molecular whole-organism fingerprinting techniques, combined with multivariate statistical analysis approaches for the classification of a range of industrial, environmental or clinically relevant bacteria (P. aeruginosa, P. putida, E. coli, E. faecium, S. lividans, B. subtilis, B. cereus) and yeast (S. cerevisiae). Principal components-discriminant function analysis (PC-DFA) scores plots of the spectral data collected from all three techniques allowed for the clear differentiation of all the samples down to sub-species level. The partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models generated using the SERS spectral data displayed lower accuracy (74.9%) when compared to those obtained from conventional Raman (97.8%) and FT-IR (96.2%) analyses. In addition, whilst background fluorescence was detected in Raman spectra for S. cerevisiae, this fluorescence was quenched when applying SERS to the same species, and conversely SERS appeared to introduce strong fluorescence when analysing P. putida. It is also worth noting that FT-IR analysis provided spectral data of high quality and reproducibility for the whole sample set, suggesting its applicability to a wider range of samples, and perhaps the most suitable for the analysis of mixed cultures in future studies. Furthermore, our results suggest that while each of these spectroscopic approaches may favour different organisms (sample types), when combined, they would provide complementary and more in-depth knowledge (structural and/or metabolic state) of biological systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that such a comparative and combined spectroscopic study (using FT-IR, Raman and SERS) has been carried out on microbial samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howbeer Muhamadali
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Abdu Subaihi
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Mahsa Mohammadtaheri
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yun Xu
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - David I Ellis
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Rajesh Ramanathan
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vipul Bansal
- Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Royston Goodacre
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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7
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Bataller BG, Capareda SC. A rapid and non-destructive method for quantifying biomolecules in Spirulina platensis via Fourier transform infrared – Attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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8
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Bácsi I, Deli J, Gonda S, Mészáros I, Veréb G, Dobronoki D, Nagy SA, B-Béres V, Vasas G. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs initiate morphological changes but inhibit carotenoid accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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9
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Legesse FB, Rüger J, Meyer T, Krafft C, Schmitt M, Popp J. Investigation of Microalgal Carotenoid Content Using Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) Microscopy and Spontaneous Raman Spectroscopy. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:1048-1055. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fisseha Bekele Legesse
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Friedrich-Schiller University Jena; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.v.; Albert-Einstein-Str. 9 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Jan Rüger
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Friedrich-Schiller University Jena; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.v.; Albert-Einstein-Str. 9 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Tobias Meyer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Friedrich-Schiller University Jena; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.v.; Albert-Einstein-Str. 9 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Christoph Krafft
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Friedrich-Schiller University Jena; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.v.; Albert-Einstein-Str. 9 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Friedrich-Schiller University Jena; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Friedrich-Schiller University Jena; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.v.; Albert-Einstein-Str. 9 07745 Jena Germany
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10
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Skolik P, McAinsh MR, Martin FL. Biospectroscopy for Plant and Crop Science. VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY FOR PLANT VARIETIES AND CULTIVARS CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Junhom C, Weerapreeyakul N, Tanthanuch W, Thumanu K. Partial least squares regression and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy for prediction of resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Exp Cell Res 2017; 351:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Rüger J, Unger N, Schie IW, Brunner E, Popp J, Krafft C. Assessment of growth phases of the diatom Ditylum brightwellii by FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Haase K, Kröger-Lui N, Pucci A, Schönhals A, Petrich W. Real-time mid-infrared imaging of living microorganisms. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:61-66. [PMID: 26572683 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The speed and efficiency of quantum cascade laser-based mid-infrared microspectroscopy are demonstrated using two different model organisms as examples. For the slowly moving Amoeba proteus, a quantum cascade laser is tuned over the wavelength range of 7.6 µm to 8.6 µm (wavenumbers 1320 cm(-1) and 1160 cm(-1) , respectively). The recording of a hyperspectral image takes 11.3 s whereby an average signal-to-noise ratio of 29 is achieved. The limits of time resolution are tested by imaging the fast moving Caenorhabditis elegans at a discrete wavenumber of 1265 cm(-1) . Mid-infrared imaging is performed with the 640 × 480 pixel video graphics array (VGA) standard and at a full-frame time resolution of 0.02 s (i.e. well above the most common frame rate standards). An average signal-to-noise ratio of 16 is obtained. To the best of our knowledge, these findings constitute the first mid-infrared imaging of living organisms at VGA standard and video frame rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Haase
- Heidelberg University, Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Niels Kröger-Lui
- Heidelberg University, Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annemarie Pucci
- Heidelberg University, Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arthur Schönhals
- Heidelberg University, Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Petrich
- Heidelberg University, Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Bajhaiya AK, Dean AP, Driver T, Trivedi DK, Rattray NJW, Allwood JW, Goodacre R, Pittman JK. High-throughput metabolic screening of microalgae genetic variation in response to nutrient limitation. Metabolomics 2016; 12:9. [PMID: 26594136 PMCID: PMC4644200 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-015-0878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae produce metabolites that could be useful for applications in food, biofuel or fine chemical production. The identification and development of suitable strains require analytical methods that are accurate and allow rapid screening of strains or cultivation conditions. We demonstrate the use of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to screen mutant strains of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. These mutants have knockdowns for one or more nutrient starvation response genes, namely PSR1, SNRK2.1 and SNRK2.2. Limitation of nutrients including nitrogen and phosphorus can induce metabolic changes in microalgae, including the accumulation of glycerolipids and starch. By performing multivariate statistical analysis of FT-IR spectra, metabolic variation between different nutrient limitation and non-stressed conditions could be differentiated. A number of mutant strains with similar genetic backgrounds could be distinguished from wild type when grown under specific nutrient limited and replete conditions, demonstrating the sensitivity of FT-IR spectroscopy to detect specific genetic traits. Changes in lipid and carbohydrate between strains and specific nutrient stress treatments were validated by other analytical methods, including liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for lipidomics. These results demonstrate that the PSR1 gene is an important determinant of lipid and starch accumulation in response to phosphorus starvation but not nitrogen starvation. However, the SNRK2.1 and SNRK2.2 genes are not as important for determining the metabolic response to either nutrient stress. We conclude that FT-IR spectroscopy and chemometric approaches provide a robust method for microalgae screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K. Bajhaiya
- />Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Andrew P. Dean
- />Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
- />Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
| | - Thomas Driver
- />Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Drupad K. Trivedi
- />School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
| | - Nicholas J. W. Rattray
- />School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
| | - J. William Allwood
- />School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
- />Environmental & Biochemical Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA Scotland, UK
| | - Royston Goodacre
- />School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
| | - Jon K. Pittman
- />Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
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15
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Driver T, Bajhaiya AK, Allwood JW, Goodacre R, Pittman JK, Dean AP. Metabolic responses of eukaryotic microalgae to environmental stress limit the ability of FT-IR spectroscopy for species identification. ALGAL RES 2015; 11:148-155. [PMID: 26839765 PMCID: PMC4694091 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a robust method for macromolecular analysis and differentiation of microorganisms. However, most studies are performed in controlled conditions and it is unclear whether this tool is appropriate for the identification of eukaryotic microalgae species from variable environments. In order to address this, nine closely-related species of marine and freshwater microalgae were grown under controlled (non-stressed) and variable (non-stressed and stressed) conditions, including nutrient-stressed and wastewater-stressed conditions. Following optimization of data processing methods, FT-IR spectra from all species and conditions were compared. The substantial metabolic changes that were caused by nutrient starvation restricted the ability of FT-IR spectroscopy to differentiate the microalgal species grown under variable conditions efficiently. Comparison of unsupervised and supervised multivariate data analysis methods found that principal component-discriminant function analysis was able best to differentiate between some species under controlled conditions but still gave poor differentiation under variable environmental conditions. FT-IR spectroscopy can be used to generate metabolic fingerprints in algae. Metabolic fingerprinting has been proposed to differentiate species and strains. Algae exhibit high metabolic plasticity in response to environmental change. This restricts the use of FT-IR spectroscopy as a discriminatory tool. Discrimination is improved by multivariate statistical analysis techniques.
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16
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Cherchi C, Miljkovic M, Diem M, Gu AZ. nTiO₂ induced changes in intracellular composition and nutrient stoichiometry in primary producer--cyanobacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 512-513:345-352. [PMID: 25636065 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The widely and increasing use of nano-titanium dioxide (nTiO2) has led to its release in the environment and concerns of consequent impact on aquatic eco-relevant biota. Previous studies indicated possible physiological changes (i.e., nitrogen storage) induced by nano-titanium dioxide (nTiO2) exposure in algae, which will likely have ecological implications. This study investigated the short- (96 h) and long-term (21 days) ecotoxic impact of environmentally relevant nTiO2 concentrations on the cellular biochemical pools and nutrient stoichiometry in the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria Anabaena variabilis. Changes in nutrient element ratios and cellular composition were analyzed using both chemical elemental analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Chemical elemental analysis showed that exposure to nTiO2 at varying dose concentrations and exposure duration led to statistically significant changes in intracellular C:N, C:P and N:P stoichiometries compared with those in the controls. In general, there seemed to be a decreasing trends of cellular C:N ratio and increase in the cellular C:P and N:P ratios with the increasing level of nTiO2 exposure. Further FT-IR analysis results revealed both temporal and dose-dependent change patterns of major macromolecules, including protein, lipids, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, in A. variabilis upon nTiO2 exposure. The relative ratio of amide II, lipids, nucleic acids and carbohydrates to the cellular protein content (quantified as amide I stretch) changed significantly within the initial 96 h of exposure and, both the magnitude of changes and levels of recovery seemed to be nTiO2 dose-dependent. This study, for the first time, demonstrated that the intracellular composition and nutrient stoichiometry changes could be induced by long-term and short-term exposures to nTiO2 to primary producers, which may have ecological implications for interspecies equilibriums and community dynamics in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cherchi
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Milos Miljkovic
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 360 Huntington Avenue, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Max Diem
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 360 Huntington Avenue, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - April Z Gu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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17
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Muhamadali H, Chisanga M, Subaihi A, Goodacre R. Combining Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy with quantitative isotopic labeling for differentiation of E. coli cells at community and single cell levels. Anal Chem 2015; 87:4578-86. [PMID: 25831066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is no doubt that the contribution of microbially mediated bioprocesses toward maintenance of life on earth is vital. However, understanding these microbes in situ is currently a bottleneck, as most methods require culturing these microorganisms to suitable biomass levels so that their phenotype can be measured. The development of new culture-independent strategies such as stable isotope probing (SIP) coupled with molecular biology has been a breakthrough toward linking gene to function, while circumventing in vitro culturing. In this study, for the first time we have combined Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, as metabolic fingerprinting approaches, with SIP to demonstrate the quantitative labeling and differentiation of Escherichia coli cells. E. coli cells were grown in minimal medium with fixed final concentrations of carbon and nitrogen supply, but with different ratios and combinations of (13)C/(12)C glucose and (15)N/(14)N ammonium chloride, as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The cells were collected at stationary phase and examined by Raman and FT-IR spectroscopies. The multivariate analysis investigation of FT-IR and Raman data illustrated unique clustering patterns resulting from specific spectral shifts upon the incorporation of different isotopes, which were directly correlated with the ratio of the isotopically labeled content of the medium. Multivariate analysis results of single-cell Raman spectra followed the same trend, exhibiting a separation between E. coli cells labeled with different isotopes and multiple isotope levels of C and N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howbeer Muhamadali
- ‡School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Malama Chisanga
- ‡School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,§School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - Abdu Subaihi
- ‡School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Royston Goodacre
- ‡School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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18
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Wagner H, Dunker S, Liu Z, Wilhelm C. Subcommunity FTIR-spectroscopy to determine physiological cell states. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2013; 24:88-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Lloyd AJ, William Allwood J, Winder CL, Dunn WB, Heald JK, Cristescu SM, Sivakumaran A, Harren FJM, Mulema J, Denby K, Goodacre R, Smith AR, Mur LAJ. Metabolomic approaches reveal that cell wall modifications play a major role in ethylene-mediated resistance against Botrytis cinerea. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 67:852-68. [PMID: 21575089 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04639.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, resistance to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea is conferred by ethylene via poorly understood mechanisms. Metabolomic approaches compared the responses of the wild-type, the ethylene-insensitive mutant etr1-1, which showed increased susceptibility, and the constitutively active ethylene mutants ctr1-1 and eto2 both exhibited decreased susceptibility to B. cinerea. Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy demonstrated reproducible biochemical differences between treatments and genotypes. To identify discriminatory mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) associated with resistance, discriminant function analysis was employed on spectra derived from direct injection electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry on the derived principal components of these data. Ethylene-modulated m/z were mapped onto Arabidopsis biochemical pathways and many were associated with hydroxycinnamate and monolignol biosynthesis, both linked to cell wall modification. A high-resolution linear triple quadrupole-Orbitrap hybrid system confirmed the identity of key metabolites in these pathways. The contribution of these pathways to defence against B. cinerea was validated through the use of multiple Arabidopsis mutants. The FT-IR microspectroscopy indicated that spatial accumulation of hydroxycinnamates and monolignols at the cell wall to confine disease was linked ot ethylene. These data demonstrate the power of metabolomic approaches in elucidating novel biological phenomena, especially when coupled to validation steps exploiting relevant mutant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Lloyd
- Aberystwyth University, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth SY233DA, UK
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Quaroni L, Zlateva T. Infrared spectromicroscopy of biochemistry in functional single cells. Analyst 2011; 136:3219-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15060j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Phenotypic profiling of keloid scars using FT-IR microspectroscopy reveals a unique spectral signature. Arch Dermatol Res 2010; 302:705-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-010-1071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Revised: 07/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Phenotypic characterization of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 under aerobic and anaerobic growth conditions by using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:6266-76. [PMID: 20675447 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00912-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis is able to conserve energy for growth by reducing a wide variety of terminal electron acceptors during anaerobic respiration, including several environmentally hazardous pollutants. This bacterium employs various electron transfer mechanisms for anaerobic respiration, including cell-bound reductases and secreted redox mediators. The aim of this study was to develop rapid tools for profiling the key metabolic changes associated with these different growth regimes and physiological responses. Initial experiments focused on comparing cells grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy with cluster analysis showed that there were significant changes in the metabolic fingerprints of the cells grown under these two culture conditions. FT-IR spectroscopy clearly differentiated cells of S. oneidensis MR-1 cultured at various growth points and cells grown using different electron acceptors, resulting in different phenotypic trajectories in the cluster analysis. This growth-related trajectory analysis is applied successfully for the first time, here with FT-IR spectroscopy, to investigate the phenotypic changes in contrasting S. oneidensis cells. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was also used to quantify the concentrations of flavin compounds, which have been identified recently as extracellular redox mediators released by a range of Shewanella species. The partial least-squares regression (PLSR) multivariate statistical technique was combined with FT-IR spectroscopy to predict the concentrations of the flavins secreted by cells of S. oneidensis MR-1, suggesting that this combination could be used as a rapid alternative to conventional chromatographic methods for analysis of flavins in cell cultures. Furthermore, coupling of the FT-IR spectroscopy and HPLC techniques appears to offer a potentially useful tool for rapid characterization of the Shewanella cell metabolome in various process environments.
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Wharfe ES, Winder CL, Jarvis RM, Goodacre R. Monitoring the effects of chiral pharmaceuticals on aquatic microorganisms by metabolic fingerprinting. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:2075-85. [PMID: 20118361 PMCID: PMC2849255 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02395-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of the chiral pharmaceuticals atenolol and propranolol on Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus, and Blastomonas natatoria were investigated. The growth dynamics of exposed cultures were monitored using a Bioscreen instrument. In addition, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy with appropriate chemometrics and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were employed in order to investigate the phenotypic changes and possible degradation of the drugs in exposed cultures. For the majority of the bacteria studied there was not a statistically significant difference in the organism's phenotype when it was exposed to the different enantiomers or mixtures of enantiomers. In contrast, the pseudomonads appeared to respond differently to propranolol, and the two enantiomers had different effects on the cellular phenotype. This implies that there were different metabolic responses in the organisms when they were exposed to the different enantiomers. We suggest that our findings may indicate that there are widespread effects on aquatic communities in which active pharmaceutical ingredients are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma S. Wharfe
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine L. Winder
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Roger M. Jarvis
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Royston Goodacre
- School of Chemistry and Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
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