1
|
Gerrits L, Hammink R, Kouwer PHJ. Semiflexible polymer scaffolds: an overview of conjugation strategies. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01662d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Semiflexible polymers are excellent scaffolds for the presentation of a wide variety of (bio)molecules. This manuscript reviews advantages and challenges of the most common conjugation strategies for the major classes of semiflexible polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Gerrits
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Roel Hammink
- Department of Tumor Immunology
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences
- Radboud University Medical Center
- 6525 GA Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Paul H. J. Kouwer
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- Radboud University
- 6525 AJ Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lauko J, Kouwer PH, Kasak P, Rowan AE. Tunable properties based on regioselectivity of 1,2,3-triazole units in axially chiral 2,2′-linked 1,1′-binaphthyl-based copolymers for ions and acid responsiveness. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
3
|
Hammink R, Eggermont LJ, Zisis T, Tel J, Figdor CG, Rowan AE, Blank KG. Affinity-Based Purification of Polyisocyanopeptide Bioconjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2560-2568. [PMID: 28846388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble polyisocyanopeptides (PICs) are a new class of synthetic polymers that mimic natural protein-based filaments. Their unique semiflexible properties combined with a length of several hundred nanometers have recently enabled a number of biomedical applications ranging from tissue engineering to cancer immunotherapy. One crucial step toward the further development of PICs for these applications is the efficient and controlled synthesis and purification of PIC-biomolecule conjugates. Considering the large size of PICs and the biomolecules to be conjugated, conjugation reactions do usually not proceed to completion due to steric effects. As a consequence, purification of the reaction mixture is necessary to separate the obtained bioconjugates from unreacted biomolecules. As a direct result of the semiflexible nature of PICs, standard polymer and protein purification methods based on molecular weight have not been successful. Here, we introduce a new affinity-based purification method utilizing biotin as an affinity tag. PICs decorated with a controlled and tunable density of biotin molecules (biotinPICs) were efficiently bound to and eluted from a monoavidin resin in buffered aqueous solution. Using these biotinPICs, two different protein conjugates were synthesized, one carrying the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (PhoA) and the other T-cell activating anti-CD3 antibodies. The resulting biotinPIC-protein conjugates were successfully obtained in high purity (>90%) and without any loss of protein activity. The high purity greatly simplifies the analysis of biotinPIC bioconjugates, such as the determination of the average number of biomolecules conjugated per biotinPIC chain. Most importantly, it allows for the direct and straightforward application of the obtained bioconjugates in the desired applications. The new method developed may further be adapted for the purification of other advanced bioconjugates that are difficult to obtain in high purity with the available standard methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roel Hammink
- Department of Molecular Materials, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Loek J Eggermont
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Themistoklis Zisis
- Department of Molecular Materials, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jurjen Tel
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , De Zaale 15, 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan E Rowan
- Department of Molecular Materials, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kerstin G Blank
- Department of Molecular Materials, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Mechano(bio)chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Potsdam-Golm Science Park, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han X, Zhang J, Qiao CY, Zhang WM, Yin J, Wu ZQ. High-Efficiency Cell-Penetrating Helical Poly(phenyl isocyanide) Chains Modified Cellular Tracer and Nanovectors with Thiol Ratiometric Fluorescence Imaging Performance. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Han
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chen-Yang Qiao
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Wen-Ming Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yin J, Xu L, Han X, Zhou L, Li C, Wu ZQ. A facile synthetic route to stereoregular helical poly(phenyl isocyanide)s with defined pendants and controlled helicity. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01881e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthetic route to stereoregular helical poly(phenyl isocyanide)s with not only defined pendants but also with controlled helicity was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
| | - Xin Han
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
| | - Chonglong Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lauko J, Kouwer PHJ, Rowan AE. 1
H
‐1,2,3‐Triazole: From Structure to Function and Catalysis. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ján Lauko
- Institute for Molecules and MaterialsRadboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Paul H. J. Kouwer
- Institute for Molecules and MaterialsRadboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Alan E. Rowan
- Institute for Molecules and MaterialsRadboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lam T, Avti PK, Pouliot P, Maafi F, Tardif JC, Rhéaume É, Lesage F, Kakkar A. Fabricating Water Dispersible Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications through Ligand Exchange and Direct Conjugation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 6:E100. [PMID: 28335228 PMCID: PMC5302624 DOI: 10.3390/nano6060100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stable superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), which can be easily dispersed in an aqueous medium and exhibit high magnetic relaxivities, are ideal candidates for biomedical applications including contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. We describe a versatile methodology to render water dispersibility to SPIONs using tetraethylene glycol (TEG)-based phosphonate ligands, which are easily introduced onto SPIONs by either a ligand exchange process of surface-anchored oleic-acid (OA) molecules or via direct conjugation. Both protocols confer good colloidal stability to SPIONs at different NaCl concentrations. A detailed characterization of functionalized SPIONs suggests that the ligand exchange method leads to nanoparticles with better magnetic properties but higher toxicity and cell death, than the direct conjugation methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Lam
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada.
| | - Pramod K Avti
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, C.P. 6079 succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Philippe Pouliot
- Department of Electrical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, C.P. 6079 succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Foued Maafi
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Éric Rhéaume
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Frédéric Lesage
- Department of Electrical Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, C.P. 6079 succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada.
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger Street, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Modification of alkyne-functionalized asymmetric phthalocyanines by CuI-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
9
|
Guo F, Wang B, Ma H, Li T, Li Y. Scandium-catalyzed synthesis of Si-H-containing syndiotactic polystyrene and its functionalized polymer carrying pendant perylene bisimide units. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 China
| | - Bai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 116024 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Synthetic polymer chemistry has undergone two major developments in the last two decades. About 20 years ago, reversible-deactivation radical polymerization processes started to give access to a wide range of polymeric architectures made from an almost infinite reservoir of functional building blocks. A few years later, the concept of click chemistry revolutionized the way polymer chemists approached synthetic routes. Among the few reactions that could qualify as click, the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) initially stood out. Soon, many old and new reactions, including cycloadditions, would further enrich the synthetic macromolecular chemistry toolbox. Whether click or not, cycloadditions are in any case powerful tools for designing polymeric materials in a modular fashion, with a high level of functionality and, sometimes, responsiveness. Here, we wish to describe cycloaddition methodologies that have been reported in the last 10 years in the context of macromolecular engineering, with a focus on those developed in our laboratories. The overarching structure of this Account is based on the three most commonly encountered cycloaddition subclasses in organic and macromolecular chemistry: 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, (hetero-)Diels-Alder cycloadditions ((H)DAC), and [2+2] cycloadditions. Our goal is to briefly describe the relevant reaction conditions, the advantages and disadvantages, and the realized polymer applications. Furthermore, the orthogonality of most of these reactions is highlighted because it has proven highly beneficial for generating unique, multifunctional polymers in a one-pot reaction. The overview on 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions is mostly centered on the application of CuAAC as the most travelled route, by far. Besides illustrating the capacity of CuAAC to generate complex polymeric architectures, alternative 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions operating without the need for a catalyst are described. In the area of (H)DA cycloadditions, beyond the popular maleimide/furan couple, we present chemistries based on more reactive species, such as cyclopentadienyl or thiocarbonylthio moieties, particularly stressing the reversibility of these systems. In these two greater families, as well as in the last section on [2+2] cycloadditions, we highlight phototriggered chemistries as a powerful tool for spatially and temporally controlled materials synthesis. Clearly, cycloaddition chemistry already has and will continue to transform the field of polymer chemistry in the years to come. Applying this chemistry enables better control over polymer composition, the development of more complicated polymer architectures, the simplification of polymer library production, and the discovery of novel applications for all of these new polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Delaittre
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz
1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Nathalie K. Guimard
- INM − Leibniz
Institute for New Materials, Functional Surfaces Group, and Saarland
University, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative
Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und
Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut
für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Baron M, Bellemin-Laponnaz S, Tubaro C, Basato M, Bogialli S, Dolmella A. Synthesis and biological assays on cancer cells of dinuclear gold complexes with novel functionalised di(N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 141:94-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
12
|
Chen W, Zhang Q, Kaplan BLF, Baker GL, Kaminski NE. Induced T cell cytokine production is enhanced by engineered nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2014; 8 Suppl 1:11-23. [PMID: 24256152 PMCID: PMC4130797 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2013.848302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles are widely used in commercial products, and yet due to the paucity of safety information, there are concerns surrounding potential adverse health effects, especially from inhaled nanoparticles and their putative contribution to allergic airway disease. The objective of this study was to investigate whether size or surface chemistry of engineered nanoparticles can influence the immune enhancing properties of these agents on antigen-specific T cell responses. Ovalbumin (OVA)-derived peptides were presented to T cells by either spleen-derived endogenous antigen presenting cells or a mouse dendritic cell (DC) line, DC2.4. In all models, interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 production by CD8(+) or CD4(+) T cells in response to peptide OVA257-264 or OVA323-339, respectively, was measured by flow cytometry. To address the study objective, silica nanoparticles (SNPs) were modified with alkyne-terminated surfaces and appended with polyethylene glycol chains via "click" chemistry. These modified SNPs were resistant to agglomerate in in vitro culture media, suggesting that their modulation of T cell responses is the result of true nanoscale-mediated effects. Under conditions of suboptimal T-cell activation, modified SNPs (up to 10 µg/ml) enhanced the proportion of CD8(+), but not CD4(+), T cells producing IFN-γ and IL-2. Various functional groups (-COOH, -NH2 and -OH) on modified SNPs enhanced IFN-γ and IL-2 production to different levels, with -COOH SNPs being the most effective. Furthermore, 51 nm -COOH SNPs exhibited a greater enhancing effect on the CD8(+) T cell response than other sized particles. Collectively, our results show that modified SNPs can enhance antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell responses, suggesting that certain modified SNPs exhibit potential adjuvant-like properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Quanxuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Barbara L. F. Kaplan
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Gregory L. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Norbert E. Kaminski
- Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brandenberger C, Rowley NL, Jackson-Humbles DN, Zhang Q, Bramble LA, Lewandowski RP, Wagner JG, Chen W, Kaplan BL, Kaminski NE, Baker GL, Worden RM, Harkema JR. Engineered silica nanoparticles act as adjuvants to enhance allergic airway disease in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2013; 10:26. [PMID: 23815813 PMCID: PMC3729411 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the increase in production and use of engineered nanoparticles (NP; ≤ 100 nm), safety concerns have risen about the potential health effects of occupational or environmental NP exposure. Results of animal toxicology studies suggest that inhalation of NP may cause pulmonary injury with subsequent acute or chronic inflammation. People with chronic respiratory diseases like asthma or allergic rhinitis may be even more susceptible to toxic effects of inhaled NP. Few studies, however, have investigated adverse effects of inhaled NP that may enhance the development of allergic airway disease. Methods We investigated the potential of polyethylene glycol coated amorphous silica NP (SNP; 90 nm diameter) to promote allergic airway disease when co-exposed during sensitization with an allergen. BALB/c mice were sensitized by intranasal instillation with 0.02% ovalbumin (OVA; allergen) or saline (control), and co-exposed to 0, 10, 100, or 400 μg of SNP. OVA-sensitized mice were then challenged intranasally with 0.5% OVA 14 and 15 days after sensitization, and all animals were sacrificed a day after the last OVA challenge. Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected, and pulmonary tissue was processed for histopathology and biochemical and molecular analyses. Results Co-exposure to SNP during OVA sensitization caused a dose-dependent enhancement of allergic airway disease upon challenge with OVA alone. This adjuvant-like effect was manifested by significantly greater OVA-specific serum IgE, airway eosinophil infiltration, mucous cell metaplasia, and Th2 and Th17 cytokine gene and protein expression, as compared to mice that were sensitized to OVA without SNP. In saline controls, SNP exposure did cause a moderate increase in airway neutrophils at the highest doses. Conclusions These results suggest that airway exposure to engineered SNP could enhance allergen sensitization and foster greater manifestation of allergic airway disease upon secondary allergen exposures. Whereas SNP caused innate immune responses at high doses in non-allergic mice, the adjuvant effects of SNP were found at lower doses in allergic mice and were Th2/Th17 related. In conclusion, these findings in mice suggest that individuals exposed to SNP might be more prone to manifest allergic airway disease, due to adjuvant-like properties of SNP.
Collapse
|
14
|
Koepf M, Kitto HJ, Schwartz E, Kouwer PH, Nolte RJ, Rowan AE. Preparation and characterization of non-linear poly(ethylene glycol) analogs from oligo(ethylene glycol) functionalized polyisocyanopeptides. Eur Polym J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
15
|
Kim DH, Hong BN, Le HT, Hong HN, Lim CW, Park KH, Kim TW, Kang TH. Small molecular weight PEGylation of diosgenin in an in vivo animal study for diabetic auditory impairment treatment. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4609-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
16
|
López-Duarte I, Martínez-Díaz MV, Schwartz E, Koepf M, Kouwer PHJ, Rowan AE, Nolte RJM, Torres T. Postfunctionalization of Helical Polyisocyanopeptides with Phthalocyanine Chromophores by “Click Chemistry”. Chempluschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201200087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
17
|
Yang G, Yuan H, Zhu C, Liu L, Yang Q, Lv F, Wang S. New conjugated polymers for photoinduced unwinding of DNA supercoiling and gene regulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:2334-2337. [PMID: 22509773 DOI: 10.1021/am300464m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Three cationic polythiophene derivatives (P1, P2, P3) were synthesized and characterized. Under white light irradiation (400-800 nm), they sensitize oxygen molecule in the surrounding to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can efficiently unwind the supercoiled DNA in vitro. Further study shows that this relaxation of the DNA supercoiling results in the decrease of gene (pCX-EGFP plasmid) expression level. The ability of these conjugated polymers for regulating gene expression will add a new dimension to the function of conjugated polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaomai Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
El Malah T, Ciesielski A, Piot L, Troyanov SI, Mueller U, Weidner S, Samorì P, Hecht S. Conformationally pre-organized and pH-responsive flat dendrons: synthesis and self-assembly at the liquid-solid interface. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:467-472. [PMID: 22139437 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr11434d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Efficient Cu-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions have been used to prepare two series of three regioisomers of G-1 and G-2 poly(triazole-pyridine) dendrons. The G-1 and G-2 dendrons consist of branched yet conformationally pre-organized 2,6-bis(phenyl/pyridyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (BPTP) monomeric and trimeric cores, respectively, carrying one focal and either two or four peripheral alkyl side chains. In the solid state, the conformation and supramolecular organization were studied by means of a single crystal X-ray structure analysis of one derivative. At the liquid-solid interface, the self-assembly behavior was investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) on graphite surfaces. Based on the observed supramolecular organization, it appears that the subtle balance between conformational preferences inherent in the dendritic backbone on the one side and the adsorption and packing of the alkyl side chains on the graphite substrate on the other side dictate the overall structure formation in 2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamer El Malah
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Schmidt CD, Lang N, Jux N, Hirsch A. A facile route to water-soluble coronenes and benzo[ghi]perylenes. Chemistry 2011; 17:5289-99. [PMID: 21484897 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Click reactions at the bay-position of perylenes and a new route to benzo[ghi]perylenes and coronenes are presented. Irradiation with light leads to an electrocyclic reaction of the newly formed triazole ring(s) with the neighbouring bay-positions of the perylene core and after oxidation by air, the benzo[ghi]perylenes and coronenes are obtained. By using Newkome dendrimers as substituents for perylene diimides (PDIs), water solubility can be achieved after removal of the tert-butyl protecting groups. The aggregation and optical properties of the bay-functionalised PDIs, benzo[ghi]perylenes and coronenes are investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cordula D Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestrasse 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Bergeron RJ, Wiegand J, Bharti N, McManis JS, Singh S. Desferrithiocin analogue iron chelators: iron clearing efficiency, tissue distribution, and renal toxicity. Biometals 2011; 24:239-58. [PMID: 21103911 PMCID: PMC3329216 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-010-9389-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The current solution to iron-mediated damage in transfusional iron overload disorders is decorporation of excess unmanaged metal, chelation therapy. The clinical development of the tridentate chelator deferitrin (1, Table 1) was halted due to nephrotoxicity. It was then shown by replacing the 4'-(HO) of 1 with a 3,6,9-trioxadecyloxy group, the nephrotoxicity could be ameliorated. Further structure-activity relationship studies have established that the length and the position of the polyether backbone controlled: (1) the ligand's iron clearing efficiency (ICE), (2) chelator tissue distribution, (3) biliary ferrokinetics, and (4) tissue iron reduction. The current investigation compares the ICE and tissue distribution of a series of (S)-4,5-dihydro-2-[2-hydroxy-4-(polyether)phenyl]-4-methyl-4-thiazolecarboxylic acids (Table 1, 3-5) and the (S)-4,5-dihydro-2-[2-hydroxy-3-(polyether)phenyl]-4-methyl-4-thiazolecarboxylic acids (Table 1, 8-10). The three most effective polyether analogues, in terms of performance ratio (PR), defined as mean ICE(primate)/ICE(rodent), are 3 (PR 1.1), 8, (PR 1.5), and 9, now in human trials, (PR 2.2). At the onset of the clinical trial on 9, no data were available for ligand 3 or 8. This is unfortunate, as 3 has many advantages over 9, e.g., the ICE of 3 in rats is 2.5-fold greater than that of 9 and analogue 3 achieves very high levels in the liver, pancreas, and heart, the organs most affected by iron overload. Finally, the impact of 3 on the urinary excretion of kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), an early diagnostic biomarker for monitoring acute kidney toxicity, has been carried out in rats; no evidence of nephrotoxicity was found. Overall, the results suggest that 3 would be a far superior clinical candidate to 9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond J Bergeron
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, JHMHC, Box 100485, Gainesville, FL 32610-0485, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Juríček M, Felici M, Contreras-Carballada P, Lauko J, Bou SR, Kouwer PHJ, Brouwer AM, Rowan AE. Triazole–pyridineligands: a novel approach to chromophoric iridium arrays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm03117h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
23
|
Schwartz E, Koepf M, Kitto HJ, Nolte RJM, Rowan AE. Helical poly(isocyanides): past, present and future. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00246a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
24
|
Lang AS, Neubig A, Sommer M, Thelakkat M. NMRP versus “Click” Chemistry for the Synthesis of Semiconductor Polymers Carrying Pendant Perylene Bisimides. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma100708h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas S. Lang
- Applied Functional Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Anne Neubig
- Applied Functional Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael Sommer
- Applied Functional Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Mukundan Thelakkat
- Applied Functional Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Multichromophoric Phthalocyanine-(Perylenediimide)8Molecules: A Photophysical Study. Chemistry 2010; 16:10021-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
26
|
Gulevich AV, Zhdanko AG, Orru RVA, Nenajdenko VG. Isocyanoacetate Derivatives: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Application. Chem Rev 2010; 110:5235-331. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900411f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton V. Gulevich
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia, and Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander G. Zhdanko
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia, and Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Romano V. A. Orru
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia, and Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valentine G. Nenajdenko
- Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia, and Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Le Gac S, Schwartz E, Koepf M, Cornelissen J, Rowan A, Nolte R. Cysteine-Containing Polyisocyanides as Versatile Nanoplatforms for Chromophoric and Bioscaffolding. Chemistry 2010; 16:6176-86. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
28
|
Palermo V, Schwartz E, Finlayson CE, Liscio A, Otten MBJ, Trapani S, Müllen K, Beljonne D, Friend RH, Nolte RJM, Rowan AE, Samorì P. Macromolecular scaffolding: the relationship between nanoscale architecture and function in multichromophoric arrays for organic electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:E81-E88. [PMID: 20217805 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200903672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The optimization of the electronic properties of molecular materials based on optically or electrically active organic building blocks requires a fine-tuning of their self-assembly properties at surfaces. Such a fine-tuning can be obtained on a scale up to 10 nm by mastering principles of supramolecular chemistry, i.e., by using suitably designed molecules interacting via pre-programmed noncovalent forces. The control and fine-tuning on a greater length scale is more difficult and challenging. This Research News highlights recent results we obtained on a new class of macromolecules that possess a very rigid backbone and side chains that point away from this backbone. Each side chain contains an organic semiconducting moiety, whose position and electronic interaction with neighboring moieties are dictated by the central macromolecular scaffold. A combined experimental and theoretical approach has made it possible to unravel the physical and chemical properties of this system across multiple length scales. The (opto)electronic properties of the new functional architectures have been explored by constructing prototypes of field-effect transistors and solar cells, thereby providing direct insight into the relationship between architecture and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Palermo
- Instituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Schwartz E, Le Gac S, Cornelissen JJLM, Nolte RJM, Rowan AE. Macromolecular multi-chromophoric scaffolding. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:1576-99. [DOI: 10.1039/b922160c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
30
|
Yashima E, Maeda K, Iida H, Furusho Y, Nagai K. Helical Polymers: Synthesis, Structures, and Functions. Chem Rev 2009; 109:6102-211. [PMID: 19905011 DOI: 10.1021/cr900162q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1261] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Maeda
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshio Furusho
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kanji Nagai
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Schwartz E, Koepf M, Kitto HJ, Espelt M, Nebot-Carda VJ, De Gelder R, Nolte RJM, Cornelissen JJLM, Rowan AE. Water soluble azido polyisocyanopeptides as functional β-sheet mimics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
32
|
Foster S, Finlayson CE, Keivanidis PE, Huang YS, Hwang I, Friend RH, Otten MBJ, Lu LP, Schwartz E, Nolte RJM, Rowan AE. Improved Performance of Perylene-Based Photovoltaic Cells Using Polyisocyanopeptide Arrays. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma801959w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Foster
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chris E. Finlayson
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Panagiotis E. Keivanidis
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ya-Shih Huang
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Inchan Hwang
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard H. Friend
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs B. J. Otten
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Li-Ping Lu
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Schwartz
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland J. M. Nolte
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan E. Rowan
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K., and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Schwartz E, Bodis P, Koepf M, Cornelissen JJLM, Rowan AE, Woutersen S, Nolte RJM. Self-trapped vibrational states in synthetic β-sheet helices. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:4675-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b907830d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|