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Zhang T, Dong J, Ji Y, Kong D, Lu J. Photodegradation of benzophenones sensitized by nitrite. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149850. [PMID: 34525707 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenone UV filters (BPs) are a group of contaminants of emerging concern due to their widespread occurrence and adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the transformation of BPs by nitrite sensitized photodegradation was comprehensively investigated. OH and NO2 generated by nitrite photolysis reacted with BPs, forming hydroxylated and nitrated products, respectively. Kinetic modeling revealed that the steady-state concentrations of NO2 were approximately six orders of magnitude higher than those of OH in the UV/nitrite process, although the second-order rate constants of NO2 reactions with BPs were six orders of magnitude lower. With the increase in nitrite concentration, BPs degradation was accelerated, and the contribution of NO2 increased as well. At initial nitrite concentration of 10 μM, the contributions of OH and NO2 to the degradation of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP1) were 66.1% and 21.5%, respectively. However, NO2 only contributed a tiny fraction to the degradation of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid (BP4), due to the presence of an electron-withdrawing sulfonate group in the molecule. Natural organic matter (NOM) inhibited the nitrite sensitized degradation of BPs, due to light screening and radical scavenging effects. This study suggests that BPs can be effectively transformed in sunlit waters in the presence of nitrite, leading to nitrated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiayue Dong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuefei Ji
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Deyang Kong
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Environmental Protection of PRC, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Junhe Lu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Li Y, Qin H, Li Y, Lu J, Zhou L, Chovelon JM, Ji Y. Trace level nitrite sensitized photolysis of the antimicrobial agents parachlormetaxylenol and chlorophene in water. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 200:117275. [PMID: 34087514 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite (NO2-)-sensitized photolysis plays an important role in the attenuation of effluent-derived trace organic contaminants (e.g., anilines, phenolic compounds, etc.) in surface waters. However, the kinetics, mechanisms, and influencing factors of photolysis of many emerging contaminants sensitized by NO2- still remain largely unknown. Herein, we report that NO2--sensitized photolysis of the antimicrobial agents parachlormetaxylenol (PCMX) and chlorophene (CP) in aqueous solution under ultraviolet 365 nm (UV365) radiation. A nonlinear increase in photolysis rate constants of PCMX and CP was observed with increasing NO2- concentration. Radical quenching studies and kinetic modeling revealed that hydroxyl radical (HO•) and nitrogen dioxide radicals (NO2•) contributed dominantly to the removal of PCMX and CP. Solid phase extraction (SPE) combined with high resolution-mass spectrometry (HR-MS) analysis identified a series of intermediate products including hydroxylated, nitrated, nitrosated, and dimerized derivatives. Experiments with isotopically labelled nitrite (15NO2-) showed that the nitro- and nitroso-substituents of intermediate products were derived from the nitrite nitrogen. Based on the identified products and theoretical computations, the mechanisms and pathways of NO2--sensitized photolysis of PCMX and CP are elucidated. Deoxygenation partially inhibited the formation of 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-2-nitrophenol (nitro-PCMX) while the presence of HO• scavenger such as isopropanol (i-PrOH) suppressed the further transformation of nitro-PCMX. The presence of Mississippi River natural organic matter (MRNOM) inhibited the removal of PCMX and CP, likely due to light screening and radical quenching. However, appreciable degradation of PCMX and CP was still observed in wastewater and wetland water matrices. Results of this study shed some light on the transformation and fate of PCMX and CP in NO2--rich wastewater effluents or effluent-impacted surface waters under solar radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hao Qin
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yunong Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junhe Lu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jean-Marc Chovelon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yuefei Ji
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Meydan E, Demirci S, Aktas N, Sahiner N, Ozturk OF. Boron-containing magnetic nanoparticles from Co, Ni, and Fe chloride salts and their catalytic performances on 4-nitrophenol reduction. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Webler AD, Moreira FC, Dezotti MWC, Mahler CF, Segundo IDB, Boaventura RAR, Vilar VJP. Development of an integrated treatment strategy for a leather tannery landfill leachate. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 89:114-128. [PMID: 31079725 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at developing an efficient multistage treatment strategy for a complex industrial landfill leachate: a leather tannery landfill leachate. Based on the leachate physicochemical characteristics, the following treatment train was delineated and tested: (i) initial biological process for removal of biodegradable organics, ammonium and alkalinity, (ii) coagulation/flocculation process for total removal of chromium and partial removal of recalcitrant organics and suspended solids, (iii) advanced oxidation process (AOP) or electrochemical AOP (EAOP) for degradation of recalcitrant organics and biodegradability enhancement, and (iv) final biological polishing step. Two initial biological treatment configurations were applied: one comprising nitrification and the other nitrification-denitrification. Coagulation/flocculation was optimized in terms of pH, coagulant dosage (iron(III) chloride) and flocculant nature and dosage. The following AOPs/EAOPs were tested: Fenton, photo-Fenton with UVA or UVC radiation (PF-UVA or PF-UVC), anodic oxidation (AO), electro-Fenton (EF) and photoelectro-Fenton with UVA radiation (PEF-UVA). The biological nitrification-denitrification was beneficial not only because it avoided the need for alkalinity addition during nitrification and decreased the amount of substrate added during denitrification, as expected. Over and above that, it reduced the acid consumption in the coagulation/flocculation, avoided the application of an additional stage comprising nitrites oxidation to nitrates prior to the AOP/EAOP, and improved the efficiency of Fenton's reaction based processes. Following nitrification-denitrification, the coagulation/flocculation was maximized at pH 3.0 and 400 mg Fe L-1 with no flocculant addition. The PEF-UVA process was the best AOP/EAOP. The final leachate fulfilled the discharge limits into waterbodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto D Webler
- Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rua Rio Amazonas, 351 - Jardim dos Migrantes, 76801-974 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil; Programa de Engenharia Civil - COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68502, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; CNPq - National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil
| | - Francisca C Moreira
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Márcia W C Dezotti
- Programa de Engenharia Química - COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68502, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cláudio F Mahler
- Programa de Engenharia Civil - COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68502, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Inalmar D Barbosa Segundo
- CNPq - National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil; Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui A R Boaventura
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor J P Vilar
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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Biswal J, Paul J, Naik D, Sarkar S, Sabharwal S. Radiolytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous solutions: Pulse and steady state radiolysis study. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Shaoqing Y, Jun H, Jianlong W. Radiation-induced catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Carlos L, Nichela D, Triszcz JM, Felice JI, García Einschlag FS. Nitration of nitrobenzene in Fenton's processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 80:340-345. [PMID: 20417542 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies of nitrobenzene (NB) degradation by Fenton and photo-Fenton technologies have demonstrated the formation and accumulation of 1,3-dinitrobenzene (1,3-DNB) as a highly toxic reaction intermediate. In the present study, we analyze the conditions that favor 1,3-DNB formation during NB degradation by Fe(2+)/H(2)O(2), Fe(3+)/H(2)O(2), UV/Fe(3+)/H(2)O(2) or UV/H(2)O(2) processes. Nitration yields in Fenton, Fenton-like and photo-Fenton techniques were much higher than those observed in UV/H(2)O(2) systems. Besides, several tests showed that 1,3-DNB formation increases with the initial iron concentration and decreases as the initial H(2)O(2) concentration increases. In order to asses the key species involved in NB nitration mechanism, additional experiments were performed in the presence of NO(2)(-)or NO(3)(-). In dark systems, 1,3-DNB yield significantly increased with increasing [NO(2)(-)]_(0), while it was not affected by the presence of NO(3)(-). In contrast, 1,3-DNB yields were higher and more strongly affected by the additive concentration in UV/NO(3)(-) systems than in UV/HNO(2)/NO(2)(-) systems. Dark experiments performed at pH 1.5 in excess of HNO(2) along with UV/NO(3)(-) tests conducted in the presence of 2-propanol show that hydroxyl radicals play an important role in NB nitration since NB molecule does not react with the nitrating agents ONOOH, .NO or .NO(2). The results indicate that, in the experimental domain tested, the prevailing NB nitration pathway involves the reaction between the .OH-NB adduct and .NO(2) radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Carlos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
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Zhao S, Ma H, Wang M, Cao C, Xiong J, Xu Y, Yao S. Role of primary reaction initiated by 254 nm UV light in the degradation of p-nitrophenol attacked by hydroxyl radicals. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2010; 9:710-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b9pp00187e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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