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Filippidou MK, Chatzandroulis S. Microfluidic Devices for Heavy Metal Ions Detection: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1520. [PMID: 37630055 PMCID: PMC10456312 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of air, water and soil by heavy metal ions is one of the most serious problems plaguing the environment. These metal ions are characterized by a low biodegradability and high chemical stability and can affect humans and animals, causing severe diseases. In addition to the typical analysis methods, i.e., liquid chromatography (LC) or spectrometric methods (i.e., atomic absorption spectroscopy, AAS), there is a need for the development of inexpensive, easy-to-use, sensitive and portable devices for the detection of heavy metal ions at the point of interest. To this direction, microfluidic and lab-on-chip (LOC) devices fabricated with novel materials and scalable microfabrication methods have been proposed as a promising approach to realize such systems. This review focuses on the recent advances of such devices used for the detection of the most important toxic metal ions, namely, lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) ions. Particular emphasis is given to the materials, the fabrication methods and the detection methods proposed for the realization of such devices in order to provide a complete overview of the existing technology advances as well as the limitations and the challenges that should be addressed in order to improve the commercial uptake of microfluidic and LOC devices in environmental monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stavros Chatzandroulis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece;
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2
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Karapa A, Kokkinos C, Fielden PR, Baldock SJ, Goddard NJ, Economou A. Gold nanoparticle-modified sustainable plastic sensor chip for voltammetric monitoring of Hg(II). Talanta 2023; 265:124850. [PMID: 37354623 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is a toxic environmental contaminant that can cause serious health problems. This work describes a new type of eco-friendly three-electrode plastic sensor chip for the determination of trace Hg(II) by means of anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The sensor chip is entirely fabricated by injection moulding, which is a sustainable manufacturing method, and consists of three conductive carbon-based electrodes embedded in a plastic holder while the reference electrode is coated with Ag using e-beam evaporation. The sample is spiked with Au(III) which deposits on the working electrode in the form of gold nanoparicles during the analysis; the target Hg(II) co-deposits on the gold nanoparticles forming a Au(Hg) amalgam in situ. The accumulated Hg is stripped off the electrode and quantified by an anodic square wave potential scan. The relevant conditions and the potential interferences are investigated. The limit of detection for Hg(II) is 0.4 μg L-1 and the repeatability at the 20 μg L-1 Hg(III) level (n = 10) is 5.3%. The sensor is applied to water, honey, fish oil and mussel samples with recoveries between 98 and 107%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Karapa
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 157 71, Greece
| | - Christos Kokkinos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 157 71, Greece
| | - Peter R Fielden
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Sara J Baldock
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | | | - Anastasios Economou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 157 71, Greece.
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3
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Continuous Lactate Monitoring System Based on Percutaneous Microneedle Array. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22041468. [PMID: 35214368 PMCID: PMC8874548 DOI: 10.3390/s22041468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lactate measurement is important in the fields of sports and medicine. Lactate accumulation can seriously affect an athlete’s performance. The most common problem caused by lactate accumulation in athletes is muscle soreness due to excessive exercise. Moreover, from a medical viewpoint, lactate is one of the main prognostic factors of sepsis. Currently, blood sampling is the most common approach to lactate measurement for lactate sensing, and continuous measurement is not available. In this study, a low-cost continuous lactate monitoring system (CLMS) is developed based on a percutaneous microneedle array that uses a three-electrode lactate sensor. The working electrode has an area of 10 mm × 6 mm, including a 3 × 3 array of stainless-steel microneedles. The length, width, and thickness of each needle are 1 mm, 0.44 mm, and 0.03 mm, respectively. The working electrode is then plated with gold, polyaniline, lactate enzyme, Nafion, and Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly HEMA). The reference electrode is a 2 × 1 array covered with AgCl, and the counter electrode is a 2 × 1 array plated with gold. The sensor is incorporated into the CLMS and connected to a smartphone application and the cloud. The CLMS was tested on 40 human subjects who rode indoor bicycles, starting at 100 W and increasing in steps of 25 W at intervals of 5 min until exhaustion. The data acquired from the app connected to the CLMS were analyzed to determine the subjects’ lactate response to exercise and the feasibility of assessing exercise performance and training exercise intensity by using the proposed system.
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A novel miniaturized electroanalytical device integrated with gas extraction for the voltammetric determination of sulfite in beverages. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1185:339067. [PMID: 34711313 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Voltammetry and amperometry are inexpensive and high-performance analytical techniques. However, their lack of selectivity limits their use in complex matrices such as biological, environmental, and food samples. Therefore, voltammetric and amperometric analyses of these samples usually require time-consuming and laborious sample pretreatments. In this study, we present a simple and cost-effective approach to fabricate a miniaturized electrochemical cell that can be easily coupled to a head space-like gas extraction procedure in such a way the sample pretreatment and voltammetric detection are performed in a single step. As a proof of concept, we have used the proposed system to quantify sulfite in beverage samples after its conversion to SO2(g). Despite the simplicity and low cost of the proposed system, it provided good analytical performance and a limit of detection of 4.0 μmol L-1 was achieved after only 10 min of extraction. The proposed system is quite versatile since it can be applied to quantify any volatile electroactive species. Also, the proposed system provides a unique way to assess real-time extraction curves, which are essential to study and optimize new gas extraction procedures. Therefore, the approach described in this study could contribute to both applied and fundamental Analytical Chemistry.
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5
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Zhang M, Zhang X, Niu P, Shen T, Yuan Y, Bai Y, Wang Z. On-site low-power sensing nodes for distributed monitoring of heavy metal ions in water. NANOTECHNOLOGY AND PRECISION ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1063/10.0003511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Menglun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Pengfei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tao Shen
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuantao Bai
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhilin Wang
- School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Yang C, Yang C, Li X, Zhang A, He G, Wu Q, Liu X, Huang S, Huang X, Cui G, Hu N, Xie X, Hang T. Liquid-like Polymer Coating as a Promising Candidate for Reducing Electrode Contamination and Noise in Complex Biofluids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:4450-4462. [PMID: 33443399 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors that can automatically and continuously track fluctuations in biomarker levels over time are essential for real-time sensing in biomedical and environmental applications. Although many electrochemical sensors have been developed to quickly and sensitively monitor biomarkers, their sensing stability in complex biofluids is disturbed by unavoidable nonspecific adhesion of proteins or bacteria. Recently, various substrate surface modification techniques have been developed to resist biofouling, yet functionalization of electrodes in sensors to be anti-biofouling is rarely achieved. Here, we report an integrated three-electrode system (ITES) modified with a "liquid-like" polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) brush that can continuously and stably monitor reactive oxygen species (ROS) in complex fluids. Based on the slippery "liquid-like" coating, the modified ITES surface could prevent the adhesion of various liquids as well as the adhesion of proteins and bacteria. The "liquid-like" coating does not significantly affect the sensitivity of the electrode in detecting ROS, while the sensing performance could remain stable and free of bacterial attack even after 3 days of incubation with bacteria. In addition, the PDMS brush-modified ITES (PMITES) could continuously record ROS levels in bacterial-rich fluids with excellent stability over 24 h due to the reduced bacterial contamination on the electrode surface. This technique offers new opportunities for continuous and real-time monitoring of biomarkers that will facilitate the development of advanced sensors for biomedical and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengduan Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gen He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qianni Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinshuo Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guofeng Cui
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ning Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xi Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Tian Hang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Korent A, Žagar Soderžnik K, Šturm S, Žužek Rožman K, Redon N, Wojkiewicz JL, Duc C. Facile Fabrication of an Ammonia-Gas Sensor Using Electrochemically Synthesised Polyaniline on Commercial Screen-Printed Three-Electrode Systems. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 21:E169. [PMID: 33383812 PMCID: PMC7796403 DOI: 10.3390/s21010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyaniline (PANI) is a conducting polymer, widely used in gas-sensing applications. Due to its classification as a semiconductor, PANI is also used to detect reducing ammonia gas (NH3), which is a well-known and studied topic. However, easier, cheaper and more straightforward procedures for sensor fabrication are still the subject of much research. In the presented work, we describe a novel, more controllable, synthesis approach to creating NH3 PANI-based receptor elements. The PANI was electrochemically deposited via cyclic voltammetry (CV) on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). The morphology, composition and surface of the deposited PANI layer on the Au electrode were characterised with electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and profilometry. Prior to the gas-chamber measurement, the SPE was suitably modified by Au sputtering the individual connections between the three-electrode system, thus showing a feasible way of converting a conventional three-electrode electrochemical SPE system into a two-electrode NH3-gas detecting system. The feasibility of the gas measurements' characterisation was improved using the gas analyser. The gas-sensing ability of the PANI-Au-SPE was studied in the range 32-1100 ppb of NH3, and the sensor performed well in terms of repeatability, reproducibility and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Korent
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.Ž.S.); (S.Š.); (K.Ž.R.)
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Žagar Soderžnik
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.Ž.S.); (S.Š.); (K.Ž.R.)
| | - Sašo Šturm
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.Ž.S.); (S.Š.); (K.Ž.R.)
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Žužek Rožman
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.Ž.S.); (S.Š.); (K.Ž.R.)
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nathalie Redon
- IMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Lille, Centre for Environment and Energy, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.R.); (J.-L.W.); (C.D.)
| | - Jean-Luc Wojkiewicz
- IMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Lille, Centre for Environment and Energy, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.R.); (J.-L.W.); (C.D.)
| | - Caroline Duc
- IMT Lille Douai, Institut Mines-Télécom, University of Lille, Centre for Environment and Energy, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.R.); (J.-L.W.); (C.D.)
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8
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Mahmoudian MR, Basirun WJ, Woi PM, Alias Y. Synthesis of polyaniline microtubes/Pt reduced N-graphene oxide in the presence of L-glutamine for the detection of Hg2+. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-020-01487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Prabu S, Mohamad S. Curcumin/beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex as a new “turn-off” fluorescent sensor system for sensitive recognition of mercury ion. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Jaywant SA, Arif KM. A Comprehensive Review of Microfluidic Water Quality Monitoring Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E4781. [PMID: 31684136 PMCID: PMC6864743 DOI: 10.3390/s19214781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Water crisis is a global issue due to water contamination and extremely restricted sources of fresh water. Water contamination induces severe diseases which put human lives at risk. Hence, water quality monitoring has become a prime activity worldwide. The available monitoring procedures are inadequate as most of them require expensive instrumentation, longer processing time, tedious processes, and skilled lab technicians. Therefore, a portable, sensitive, and selective sensor with in situ and continuous water quality monitoring is the current necessity. In this context, microfluidics is the promising technology to fulfill this need due to its advantages such as faster reaction times, better process control, reduced waste generation, system compactness and parallelization, reduced cost, and disposability. This paper presents a review on the latest enhancements of microfluidic-based electrochemical and optical sensors for water quality monitoring and discusses the relative merits and shortcomings of the methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapna A Jaywant
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, SF&AT, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand.
| | - Khalid Mahmood Arif
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, SF&AT, Massey University, Auckland 0632, New Zealand.
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11
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Huang A, Li H, Xu D. An on-chip electrochemical sensor by integrating ITO three-electrode with low-volume cell for on-line determination of trace Hg(II). J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Zhang C, Zhang H, Li M, Zhou Y, Zhang G, Shi L, Yao Q, Shuang S, Dong C. A turn-on reactive fluorescent probe for Hg2+ in 100% aqueous solution. Talanta 2019; 197:218-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Li S, Zhang C, Wang S, Liu Q, Feng H, Ma X, Guo J. Electrochemical microfluidics techniques for heavy metal ion detection. Analyst 2019; 143:4230-4246. [PMID: 30095826 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01067f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals refer to metals with a density above 5 × 103 kg m-3, such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg). Even a trace amount of heavy metals is detrimental to human health. With the increasing significance of detection of heavy metals, the use of the electrochemical detection technique combined with microfluidics is a promising strategy and has thus attracted wide attention from academia and is the subject of this review. First, this review introduces the basics of electrochemical detection and microfluidics. Second, this review presents and evaluates a variety of electrochemical microfluidics technologies for heavy metal ions detection that are user friendly, portable, inexpensive, and easy to manufacture compared to traditional methods. The categorization is based on different detected ions in the order of Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Mn, and Zn. Finally, the author summarizes the development of detection technology in recent years and puts forward a perspective for the future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Li
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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14
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A simplified electrochemical instrument equipped with automated flow-injection system and network communication technology for remote online monitoring of heavy metal ions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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15
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Wei T, Sun J, Zhang F, Zhang J, Chen J, Li H, Zhang XM. Acetylene mediated synthesis of Au/graphene nanocomposite for selective hydrogenation. CATAL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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16
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Arduini F, Cinti S, Scognamiglio V, Moscone D, Palleschi G. How cutting-edge technologies impact the design of electrochemical (bio)sensors for environmental analysis. A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 959:15-42. [PMID: 28159104 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Through the years, scientists have developed cutting-edge technologies to make (bio)sensors more convenient for environmental analytical purposes. Technological advancements in the fields of material science, rational design, microfluidics, and sensor printing, have radically shaped biosensor technology, which is even more evident in the continuous development of sensing systems for the monitoring of hazardous chemicals. These efforts will be crucial in solving some of the problems constraining biosensors to reach real environmental applications, such as continuous analyses in field by means of multi-analyte portable devices. This review (with 203 refs.) covers the progress between 2010 and 2015 in the field of technologies enabling biosensor applications in environmental analysis, including i) printing technology, ii) nanomaterial technology, iii) nanomotors, iv) biomimetic design, and (v) microfluidics. Next section describes futuristic cutting-edge technologies that are gaining momentum in recent years, which furnish highly innovative aspects to biosensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Arduini
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems "INBB", Viale Medaglie d'Oro, 305, Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Scognamiglio
- Institute of Crystallography (IC-CNR), Via Salaria Km 29.300, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Danila Moscone
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems "INBB", Viale Medaglie d'Oro, 305, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palleschi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems "INBB", Viale Medaglie d'Oro, 305, Rome, Italy
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17
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Martin ET, McGuire CM, Mubarak MS, Peters DG. Electroreductive Remediation of Halogenated Environmental Pollutants. Chem Rev 2016; 116:15198-15234. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin T. Martin
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Caitlyn M. McGuire
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | | | - Dennis G. Peters
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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18
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Lou B, Zhou Z, Gu W, Dong S. Microelectrodes Integrated into a Microfluidic Chip for the Detection of CCRF-CEM Cells Based on the Electrochemical Oxidation of Hydrazine. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Lou
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Science; State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry; Renmin street 5625# Changchun 130022 China), Fax: 0086-431-8568-9711
| | - Zhixue Zhou
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Science; State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry; Renmin street 5625# Changchun 130022 China), Fax: 0086-431-8568-9711
| | - Wenling Gu
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Science; State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry; Renmin street 5625# Changchun 130022 China), Fax: 0086-431-8568-9711
| | - Shaojun Dong
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Science; State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry; Renmin street 5625# Changchun 130022 China), Fax: 0086-431-8568-9711
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19
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Effect of natural phosphate to remove silver interference in the detection of mercury(II) in aquatic algae and seawater samples. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Jia X, Dong S, Wang E. Engineering the bioelectrochemical interface using functional nanomaterials and microchip technique toward sensitive and portable electrochemical biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 76:80-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Lou B, Zhou Z, Du Y, Dong S. Resistance-based logic aptamer sensor for CCRF-CEM and Ramos cells integrated on microfluidic chip. Electrochem commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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22
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Gu W, Deng X, Gu X, Jia X, Lou B, Zhang X, Li J, Wang E. Stabilized, Superparamagnetic Functionalized Graphene/Fe3O4@Au Nanocomposites for a Magnetically-Controlled Solid-State Electrochemiluminescence Biosensing Application. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1876-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503966u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Gu
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xi Deng
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Gu
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Jia
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Baohua Lou
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China
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Gold nanoparticles decorated carbon fiber mat as a novel sensing platform for sensitive detection of Hg(II). Electrochem commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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24
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Aneesh PK, Nambiar SR, Rao TP, Ajayaghosh A. Electrochemical synthesis of a gold atomic cluster–chitosan nanocomposite film modified gold electrode for ultra-trace determination of mercury. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:8529-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00063c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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25
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Li D, Li J, Jia X, Xia Y, Zhang X, Wang E. A novel Au–Ag–Pt three-electrode microchip sensing platform for chromium(VI) determination. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 804:98-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Chen C, Zhang X, Zhu J, Li J, Zhang L, Wang E. A nanochannel based on-line universal logic ion sensing platform. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:8221-8226. [PMID: 23838858 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr01937c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel ion sensing platform was constructed in a microfluidic chip based on a very easy nano-fabrication technique, with which the nanoscale channel generated along the junction of the PDMS and metal strip could serve as a salt bridge for electrochemical measurements. More importantly, we have proposed a flexible and universal ion sensing strategy based on Boolean logic, which can rapidly report the concentration of analyte by the approach method. Firstly, the performance of the nanochannel based salt bridge was characterized, and the results showed that the nanoscale salt bridge behaved comparably to the traditional ones. To illustrate the promising applications of this wonderful design, an IrOx electrode was employed to construct the on-line pH sensing device as an example, and a wide linearity range (pH 2-12) was obtained with a really high sensitivity of 74.15 mV per pH unit. Owing to the use of the logic sensing strategy, we achieved rapid identification of the sample pH on-line, and demonstrated the broad potential of our system in designing sensing devices with extremely high integration, automation and throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaogui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, PR China
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Portugal LA, Laglera LM, Anthemidis AN, Ferreira SL, Miró M. Pressure-driven mesofluidic platform integrating automated on-chip renewable micro-solid-phase extraction for ultrasensitive determination of waterborne inorganic mercury. Talanta 2013; 110:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Campos CDM, da Silva JAF. Applications of autonomous microfluidic systems in environmental monitoring. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41561a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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30
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Liu Y, Yu J, Chen W, Liu D, Wang Z, Jiang X. Cu2+Detection with Gold Nanoparticles by Patterning Colorimetric Strips on a Filter Membrane Assembled in a Microfluidic Chip. CHINESE J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201200655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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31
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Fabrication of a sensor chip containing Au and Ag electrodes and its application for sensitive Hg(II) determination using chronocoulometry. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 738:45-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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32
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A fully microfabricated carbon nanotube three-electrode system on glass substrate for miniaturized electrochemical biosensors. Biomed Microdevices 2012; 14:613-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-012-9640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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33
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Contento NM, Branagan SP, Bohn PW. Electrolysis in nanochannels for in situ reagent generation in confined geometries. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:3634-3641. [PMID: 21912801 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20570f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In situ generation of reactive species within confined geometries, such as nanopores or nanochannels is of significant interest in overcoming mass transport limitations in chemical reactivity. Solvent electrolysis is a simple process that can readily be coupled to nanochannels for the electrochemical generation of reactive species, such as H(2). Here the production of hydrogen-rich liquid volumes within nanofluidic structures, without bubble nucleation or nanochannel occlusion, is explored both experimentally and by modeling. Devices comprised of multiple horizontal nanochannels intersecting planar working and quasi-reference electrodes were constructed and used to study the effects of confinement and reduced working volume on the electrochemical reduction of H(2)O to H(2) and OH(-). H(2) production in the nanochannel-embedded electrode reactor output was monitored by fluorescence emission of fluorescein, which exhibits a pH-dependent emission intensity. Initially, the fluorescein solution was buffered to pH 6.0 prior to stepping the potential cathodic of E(0)' for the generation of OH(-) and H(2). Because the electrochemical products are obtained in a 2:1 stoichiometry, local measurements of pH during and after the cathodic potential steps can be converted into H(2) production rates. Independent experimental estimates of the local H(2) concentration were then obtained from the spatiotemporal fluorescence behavior and current measurements, and these were compared with finite element simulations accounting for electrolysis and subsequent convection and diffusion within the confined geometry. Local dissolved H(2) concentrations were correlated to partial pressures through Henry's Law and values as large as 8.3 atm were obtained at the most negative potential steps. The downstream availability of electrolytically produced H(2) in nanochannels is evaluated in terms of its possible use as a downstream reducing reagent. The results obtained here indicate that H(2) can easily reach saturation concentrations at modest overpotentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Contento
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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Du Y, Chen C, Zhou M, Dong S, Wang E. Microfluidic electrochemical aptameric assay integrated on-chip: a potentially convenient sensing platform for the amplified and multiplex analysis of small molecules. Anal Chem 2011; 83:1523-9. [PMID: 21291178 DOI: 10.1021/ac101988n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are artificial oligonucleotides that have been widely employed to design biosensors (i.e., aptasensors). In this work, we report a microfluidic electrochemical aptamer-based sensor (MECAS) by constructing Au-Ag dual-metal array three-electrode on-chip for multiplex detection of small molecules. In combination with the microfluidic channels covering on the glass chip, different targets are transported to the Au electrodes integrated on different positions of the chip. These electrodes are premodified by different kinds of aptamers, respectively, to fabricate different sensing interfaces which can selectively capture the corresponding target. It is an address-dependent sensing platform; thus, with the use of only one electrochemical probe, multitargets can be recognized and detected according to the readout on a corresponding aptamer-modified electrode. In the sensing strategy, the electrochemical probe, [Ru(NH(3))(6)](3+) (RuHex), which can quantitatively bind to surface-confined DNA via electrostatic interaction, was used to produce chronocoulometric signal; Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used to improve the sensitivity of the sensor by amplifying the detection signals. Moreover, the sensing interface fabrication, sample incubation, and electrochemical detection were all performed in microfluidic channels. By using this detection chip, we achieved the multianalysis of two model small molecules, ATP, and cocaine, in mixed samples within 40 min. The detection limit of ATP was 3 × 10(-10) M, whereas the detection limit of cocaine was 7 × 10(-8) M. This Au-Ag dual metal electrochemical chip detector integrated MECAS was simple, sensitive, and selective. Also it is similar to a dosimeter which accumulates signal upon exposure. It held promising potential for designing electrochemical devices with high throughput, high automation, and high integration in multianalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P R China
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