1
|
Hao LT, Kim S, Lee M, Park SB, Koo JM, Jeon H, Park J, Oh DX. Next-generation all-organic composites: A sustainable successor to organic-inorganic hybrid materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132129. [PMID: 38718994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
This Review presents an overview of all-organic nanocomposites, a sustainable alternative to organic-inorganic hybrids. All-organic nanocomposites contain nanocellulose, nanochitin, and aramid nanofibers as highly rigid reinforcing fillers. They offer superior mechanical properties and lightweight characteristics suitable for diverse applications. The Review discusses various methods for preparing the organic nanofillers, including top-down and bottom-up approaches. It highlights in situ polymerization as the preferred method for incorporating these nanomaterials into polymer matrices to achieve homogeneous filler dispersion, a crucial factor for realizing desired performance. Furthermore, the Review explores several applications of all-organic nanocomposites in diverse fields including food packaging, performance-advantaged plastics, and electronic materials. Future research directions-developing sustainable production methods, expanding biomedical applications, and enhancing resistance against heat, chemicals, and radiation of all-organic nanocomposites to permit their use in extreme environments-are explored. This Review offers insights into the potential of all-organic nanocomposites to drive sustainable growth while meeting the demand for high-performance materials across various industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lam Tan Hao
- Research Center for Bio-Based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Semin Kim
- Research Center for Bio-Based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Lee
- Research Center for Bio-Based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Bae Park
- Research Center for Bio-Based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Mo Koo
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonyeol Jeon
- Research Center for Bio-Based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea; Advanced Materials & Chemical Engineering, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeyoung Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dongyeop X Oh
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao ZH, Chen SY, Zhao PC, Luo WL, Luo YL, Zuo JL, Li CH. Mechanically Adaptive Polymers Constructed from Dynamic Coordination Equilibria. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400758. [PMID: 38450854 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Designing materials capable of adapting their mechanical properties in response to external stimuli is the key to preventing failure and extending their service life. However, existing mechanically adaptive polymers are hindered by limitations such as inadequate load-bearing capacity, difficulty in achieving reversible changes, high cost, and a lack of multiple responsiveness. Herein, we address these challenges using dynamic coordination bonds. A new type of mechanically adaptive material with both rate- and temperature-responsiveness was developed. Owing to the stimuli-responsiveness of the coordination equilibria, the prepared polymers, PBMBD-Fe and PBMBD-Co, exhibit mechanically adaptive properties, including temperature-sensitive strength modulation and rate-dependent impact hardening. Benefitting from the dynamic nature of the coordination bonds, the polymers exhibited impressive energy dissipation, damping capacity (loss factors of 1.15 and 2.09 at 1.0 Hz), self-healing, and 3D printing abilities, offering durable and customizable impact resistance and protective performance. The development of impact-resistant materials with comprehensive properties has potential applications in the sustainable and intelligent protection fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Lin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Long Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Lin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mochizuki Y, Imai H, Oaki Y. Imaging of Accumulated Mechanical Stresses Using Self-Assembled Layered Conjugated Polymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:48725-48735. [PMID: 37796640 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
When mechanical stresses, such as tensile, compressive, and frictional stresses, are applied to objects by various motions, they are accumulated in materials. Conventional mechanoresponsive materials and sensors detect one-time applied stress. However, the accumulated stresses are not visualized or measured in previous works. The present study demonstrated imaging and sensing of not only one-time but also accumulated tensile, compressive, and frictional stresses. Polyurethane (PU) film was combined with 2D layered polydiacetylene (PDA), a stimuli-responsive color-changing polymer. PDA generally exhibits no color changes with the application of tensile and compression stresses because the molecular motion leading to the color change is not induced by such mechanical stresses. Here the versatile mechanoresponsiveness was achieved using a block copolymer guest partially intercalated in the layered PDA. As the interlayer and outerlayer segments interact with PDA and PU, respectively, the applied stresses to the film are transferred from PU to PDA via the block copolymer guest. The color changes of the film imaged and quantified the accumulated work depending on the number and strength of the applied multiple stresses such as tensile, compressive, and frictional stresses. The design strategy of materials and methodology of sensing can be applied to the development of new sensors for accumulated mechanical stresses in a wide range of length and strength scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Mochizuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jang D, Beckett LE, Keum J, Korley LTJ. Leveraging peptide-cellulose interactions to tailor the hierarchy and mechanics of peptide-polymer hybrids. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:5594-5606. [PMID: 37255364 PMCID: PMC10330573 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00079f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by spider silk's hierarchical diversity, we leveraged peptide motifs with the capability to tune structural arrangement for controlling the mechanical properties of a conventional polymer framework. The addition of nanofiller with hydrogen bonding sites was used as another pathway towards hierarchical tuning via matrix-filler interactions. Specifically, peptide-polyurea hybrids (PPUs) were combined with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) to develop mechanically-tunable nanocomposites via tailored matrix-filler interactions (or peptide-cellulose interactions). In this material platform, we explored the effect of these matrix-filler interactions on the secondary structure, hierarchical ordering, and mechanical properties of the peptide hybrid nanocomposites. Interactions between the peptide matrix and CNCs occur in all of the PPU/CNC nanocomposites, preventing α-helical ordering, but promoting inter-molecular hydrogen bonded β-sheet formation. Depending on peptide and CNC content, the Young's modulus varies from 10 to 150 MPa. Unlike conventional cellulose-reinforced polymer nanocomposites, the mechanical properties of these composite materials are dictated by a balance of CNC reinforcement, peptidic ordering, and microphase-separated morphology. This research highlights that leveraging peptide-cellulose interactions is a strategy to create materials with targeted mechanical properties for a specific application using a limited selection of building blocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daseul Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 127 The Green, 201 Dupont Hall, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA.
| | - Laura E Beckett
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 127 The Green, 201 Dupont Hall, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA.
| | - Jong Keum
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, 37830, Tennessee, USA
| | - LaShanda T J Korley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 127 The Green, 201 Dupont Hall, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim J, Lee YJ, Ku KH, Kim BJ. Effect of Molecular Structure of Photoswitchable Surfactant on Light-Responsive Shape Transition of Block Copolymer Particles. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinwoo Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hee Ku
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nair VS, Nachimuthu R. The role of NiTi shape memory alloys in quality of life improvement through medical advancements: A comprehensive review. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2022; 236:923-950. [PMID: 35486134 DOI: 10.1177/09544119221093460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The significance of advanced smart materials in recent technological research and advancement is apparent from its extensive use in present day devices and instruments. Of the various smart materials in use today, the fascinating category of shape memory alloys (SMAs) is equipped with the ability to return to a previously memorized shape under certain thermomechanical or magnetic stimuli. The unique property of shape memory effect and superelasticity displayed by these materials along with good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance make them ideal for biomedical applications. The various applications of SMAs in surgical instruments, surgical implants, and assistive and rehabilitative devices have significant effect on the day to day life of people in the present age. Majority of these biomedical devices belong to the orthodontic, orthopedic, or surgical fields. Other remarkable applications of SMAs such as in the production of prostheses and orthoses designed through the biomimetic approach are also highly influential in improving the quality of life. The present paper provides an overview of the various properties of shape memory alloys and their applications in the biomedical field over the years, that have had a significant impact on the realm of medical science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viswajith S Nair
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - Radhika Nachimuthu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maddahzadeh-Darini N, Rezheh S, Ghorbanloo M, Mori M, Yahiro H, Mokary-Yazdeli T. A smart hydrogel carrier for silver nanoparticles: an improved recyclable catalyst with temperature-tuneable catalytic activity for alcohol and olefin oxidation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Radical polymerization reactions were employed to synthesize thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) hydrogels at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Somaieh Rezheh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, 45371-38791 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Massomeh Ghorbanloo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, 45371-38791 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Masami Mori
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yahiro
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tahereh Mokary-Yazdeli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, 45371-38791 Zanjan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang S, Harris JD, Lambai A, Jeliazkov LL, Mohanty G, Zeng H, Priimagi A, Aprahamian I. Multistage Reversible Tg Photomodulation and Hardening of Hydrazone-Containing Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16348-16353. [PMID: 34590854 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The glass transition temperature (Tg) of a series of polyacrylate- and polymethacrylate-based polymers having bistable hydrazone photoswitches as pendants increases upon photoisomerization. The ensuing photohardening of the polymeric network was corroborated using nanoindentation measurements. The bistability of the switch allowed us to lock-in and sustain multiple Tg values in the same polymeric material as a function of the hydrazone switch's Z/E isomer ratio, even at elevated temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Jared D Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Aloshious Lambai
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, Tampere, 33720 Finland
| | - Laura L Jeliazkov
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Gaurav Mohanty
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, Tampere, 33720 Finland
| | - Hao Zeng
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, Tampere, 33720 Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, Tampere, 33720 Finland
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin SA, Facchine EG, Khan SA, Rojas OJ, Spontak RJ. Mesophase characteristics of cellulose nanocrystal films prepared from electrolyte suspensions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 599:207-218. [PMID: 33940439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) exhibit a cholesteric mesophase above a critical concentration in aqueous suspensions. Above this concentration, CNCs self-organize into left-handed helicoidal structures that can be preserved in dried, stratified films. In this systematic study, we have prepared optically-active CNC films cast from different electrolyte suspensions and investigated, via circular dichroism and other techniques, the effects of counterion type (six mono/divalent salts, including those responsible for promoting "salting-out" and "salting-in" in the Hofmeister series) and ionic strength on mesomorphic behavior and cholesteric arrangement. The presence of electrolytes influences CNC colloidal stability by compressing the electric double layer and altering interactions among neighboring CNCs and water, thereby affecting the extent to which the CNCs form a mesophase. Interestingly, mesomorphic behavior and CNC alignment appear to be sensitive to cationic radius and charge valence, in which case the optical properties of CNC films can be adjusted for targeted sustainable applications. Such heuristic rules can be valuable for predicting the stability and characteristics of CNC microstructure in designer coatings and thin films prepared by introducing suitable cations prior to film formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Ah Jin
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Emily G Facchine
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Saad A Khan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland; Departments of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Richard J Spontak
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Monney B, Hess-Dunning AE, Gloth P, Capadona JR, Weder C. Mechanically adaptive implants fabricated with poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based negative photoresists. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:6357-6365. [PMID: 32555874 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00980f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neural implants that are based on mechanically adaptive polymers (MAPs) and soften upon insertion into the body have previously been demonstrated to elicit a reduced chronic tissue response than more rigid devices fabricated from silicon or metals, but their processability has been limited. Here we report a negative photoresist approach towards physiologically responsive MAPs. We exploited this framework to create cross-linked terpolymers of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate by photolithographic processes. Our systematic investigation of this platform afforded an optimized composition that exhibits a storage modulus E' of 1.8 GPa in the dry state. Upon exposure to simulated physiological conditions the material swells slightly (21% w/w) leading to a reduction of E' to 2 MPa. The large modulus change is mainly caused by plasticization, which shifts the glass transition from above to below 37 °C. Single shank probes fabricated by photolithography could readily be implanted into a brain-mimicking gel without buckling and viability studies with microglial cells show that the materials display excellent biocompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Monney
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Allison E Hess-Dunning
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Paul Gloth
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2071 Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Marshall T, Marangoni AG, Corradini MG, Rodriguez-Uribe A, Misra M, Mohanty AK, Rodriguez BM, Pensini E. Path-dependent rheology of carbon particle-hydroxyethylcellulose fluids. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.126000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
12
|
Woo HY, Lee DW, Yoon TY, Kim JB, Chae JY, Paik T. Sub-100-nm Nearly Monodisperse n-Paraffin/PMMA Phase Change Nanobeads. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:204. [PMID: 33466841 PMCID: PMC7830838 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate the colloidal synthesis of nearly monodisperse, sub-100-nm phase change material (PCM) nanobeads with an organic n-paraffin core and poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) shell. PCM nanobeads are synthesized via emulsion polymerization using ammonium persulfate as an initiator and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate as a surfactant. The highly uniform n-paraffin/PMMA PCM nanobeads are sub-100 nm in size and exhibit superior colloidal stability. Furthermore, the n-paraffin/PMMA PCM nanobeads exhibit reversible phase transition behaviors during the n-paraffin melting and solidification processes. During the solidification process, multiple peaks with relatively reduced phase change temperatures are observed, which are related to the phase transition of n-paraffin in the confined structure of the PMMA nanobeads. The phase change temperatures are further tailored by changing the carbon length of n-paraffin while maintaining the size uniformity of the PCM nanobeads. Sub-100-nm-sized and nearly monodisperse PCM nanobeads can be potentially utilized in thermal energy storage and drug delivery because of their high colloidal stability and solution processability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Taejong Paik
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (H.Y.W.); (D.W.L.); (T.Y.Y.); (J.B.K.); (J.-Y.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jerald Maria Antony G, Raja S, Aruna ST, Jarali CS. Effect of the addition of diurethane dimethacrylate on the chemical and mechanical properties of tBA-PEGDMA acrylate based shape memory polymer network. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103951. [PMID: 32957243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
There is a great demand for the synthesis of acrylate based thermoset shape memory polymer (SMP) associated with one monomer and one crosslinker such as tert-butyl acrylate (t-BA) with poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA). The present work describes the synthesis of a new thermoset SMP wherein a second monomer such as diurethane dimethacrylate (DUDMA) has been added to the existing tBA + PEGDMA SMP matrix. The synthesized thermoset shape memory polymer exhibited a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 55 °C, higher Young's Modulus of 3.23 GPa, transmittance of 95% and 100% shape recovery. The SMP exhibited response to both thermal and chemical stimuli. The shape recovery rate of the SMP network is 20 s compared to 24 s observed for SMP based on tBA + PEGDMA. The obtained SMP is very transparent and possesses higher stiffness (8 MPa) and hence may be suitable for biomedical shape memory lens and orthopedic application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Jerald Maria Antony
- Structural Technologies Division, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, HAL-Airport Road, Kodihalli, Bangalore, 560017, India
| | - S Raja
- Structural Technologies Division, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, HAL-Airport Road, Kodihalli, Bangalore, 560017, India
| | - S T Aruna
- Surface Engineering Division, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, HAL-Airport Road, Kodihalli, Bangalore, 560017, India.
| | - Chetan S Jarali
- Structural Technologies Division, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, HAL-Airport Road, Kodihalli, Bangalore, 560017, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang H, Zeng H, Priimagi A, Ikkala O. Viewpoint: Pavlovian Materials-Functional Biomimetics Inspired by Classical Conditioning. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906619. [PMID: 32003096 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, it is discussed whether the complex biological concepts of (associative) learning can inspire responsive artificial materials. It is argued that classical conditioning, being one of the most elementary forms of learning, inspires algorithmic realizations in synthetic materials, to allow stimuli-responsive materials that learn to respond to a new stimulus, to which they are originally insensitive. Two synthetic model systems coined as "Pavlovian materials" are described, whose stimuli-responsiveness algorithmically mimics programmable associative learning, inspired by classical conditioning. The concepts minimally need a stimulus-triggerable memory, in addition to two stimuli, i.e., the unconditioned and the originally neutral stimuli. Importantly, the concept differs conceptually from the classic stimuli-responsive and shape-memory materials, as, upon association, Pavlovian materials obtain a given response using a new stimulus (the originally neutral one); i.e., the system evolves to a new state. This also enables the functionality to be described by a logic diagram. Ample room for generalization to different stimuli and memory combinations is foreseen, and opportunities to develop future adaptive materials with ever-more intelligent functions are expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Hao Zeng
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Smart Photonic Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 541, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI 02150, Espoo, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhu Q, Liu S, Sun J, Liu J, Kirubaharan CJ, Chen H, Xu W, Wang Q. Stimuli-responsive cellulose nanomaterials for smart applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 235:115933. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
16
|
Monney B, Dibble AG, Moatsou D, Weder C. Highly Cross-Linked, Physiologically Responsive, Mechanically Adaptive Polymer Networks Made by Photopolymerization. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:3090-3097. [PMID: 32095732 PMCID: PMC7034001 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically adaptive materials that soften upon exposure to physiological conditions are useful for biomedical applications, notably as substrates for implantable neural electrodes. So far, device fabrication efforts have largely relied on shaping such devices by laser cutting, but this process makes it difficult to produce complex electrode architectures and leads to ill-defined surface chemistries. Here, we report mechanically adaptive, physiologically responsive polymers that can be photopolymerized and thus patterned via soft lithography and photolithography. The adaptive polymer networks produced exhibit, in optimized compositions, a ca. 500-fold decrease of their storage modulus when exposed to simulated physiological conditions, for example, from 2.5 GPa to 5 MPa. This effect is caused by modest swelling (30% w/w), which in turn leads to plasticization so that the polymer network's glass transition temperature is reduced from 145 to 25 °C. The polymer networks can further be rendered pH-responsive by the incorporation of methacrylic acid. The dual stimuli-responsive materials thus made show promise as coatings or substrates for drug delivery devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dafni Moatsou
- E-mail: . Current address: Karlsruher Institut
für Technologie, Institut
für Organische Chemie, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe,
Germany (D.M.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shao C, Yang J. Dynamics in Cellulose-Based Hydrogels with Reversible Cross-Links. SELF-HEALING AND SELF-RECOVERING HYDROGELS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2019_58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
|
18
|
Rowan SJ, Weder C. Combining Chemistry, Materials Science, Inspiration from Nature, and Serendipity to Develop Stimuli‐Responsive Polymeric Materials. Isr J Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J. Rowan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago 5640 S. Ellis Ave. Chicago, IL 60637 United States
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago, IL 60637 United States
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 CH-1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sun L, Wang TX, Chen HM, Salvekar AV, Naveen BS, Xu Q, Weng Y, Guo X, Chen Y, Huang WM. A Brief Review of the Shape Memory Phenomena in Polymers and Their Typical Sensor Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1049. [PMID: 31208102 PMCID: PMC6631414 DOI: 10.3390/polym11061049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this brief review, an introduction of the underlying mechanisms for the shape memory effect (SME) and various shape memory phenomena in polymers is presented first. After that, a summary of typical applications in sensors based on either heating or wetting activated shape recovery using largely commercial engineering polymers, which are programmed by means of in-plane pre-deformation (load applied in the length/width direction) or out-of-plane pre-deformation (load applied in the thickness direction), is presented. As demonstrated by a number of examples, many low-cost engineering polymers are well suited to, for instance, anti-counterfeit and over-heating/wetting monitoring applications via visual sensation and/or tactual sensation, and many existing technologies and products (e.g., holography, 3D printing, nano-imprinting, electro-spinning, lenticular lens, Fresnel lens, QR/bar code, Moiré pattern, FRID, structural coloring, etc.) can be integrated with the shape memory feature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- School of Civil Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China.
| | - Tao Xi Wang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
- School of Materials Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China.
| | - Hong Mei Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China.
| | - Abhijit Vijay Salvekar
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Balasundaram Selvan Naveen
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Qinwei Xu
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Yiwei Weng
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Xinli Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Yahui Chen
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Wei Min Huang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Y, Edelbrock AN, Rowan, SJ. Effect of processing conditions on the mechanical properties of bio-inspired mechanical gradient nanocomposites. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
21
|
Meesorn W, Calvino C, Natterodt JC, Zoppe JO, Weder C. Bio-Inspired, Self-Toughening Polymers Enabled by Plasticizer-Releasing Microcapsules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807212. [PMID: 30680825 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new concept for the design of self-toughening thermoplastic polymers is presented. The approach involves the incorporation of plasticizer-filled microcapsules (MCs) in an intrinsically rigid and brittle matrix polymer. The intriguing adaptability that this simple tactic enables is demonstrated with composites composed of a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix and 5-20% w/w poly(urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) MCs that contained hexyl acetate as plasticizer. At low strain (<1.5%), the glassy PLA/MC composites remain rigid, although the intact MCs reduce the Young's modulus and tensile strength by up to 50%. While the neat PLA shows brittle failure at a strain of around 2.5%, the composites yield in this regime, because the MCs rupture and release their plasticizing cargo. This effect leads up to 25-fold increase of the elongation at break and 20-fold increase of the toughness vis-à-vis the neat PLA, while the impact on modulus and ultimate stress is much smaller. Ballistic impact tests show that the self-toughening mechanism also works at much higher strain rates than applied in tensile tests and the operating mechanism is corroborated through systematic thermomechanical studies that involved dynamic mechanical testing and thermal analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Worarin Meesorn
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Céline Calvino
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jens C Natterodt
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Justin O Zoppe
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Meesorn W, Zoppe JO, Weder C. Stiffness-Changing of Polymer Nanocomposites with Cellulose Nanocrystals and Polymeric Dispersant. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1800910. [PMID: 30786085 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bio-inspired, water-responsive, mechanically adaptive nanocomposites are reported based on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), poly(ethylene oxide-co-epichlorohydrin) (EO-EPI), and a small amount of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), which is added to aid the dispersion of the CNCs. In the dry state, the CNCs form a reinforcing network within the polymer matrix, and the substantial stiffness increase relative to the neat polymer is thought to be the result of hydrogen-bonding interactions between the nanocrystals. Exposure to water, however, causes a large stiffness reduction, due to competitive hydrogen bonding of water molecules and the CNCs. It is shown here that the addition of PVA to the EO-EPI/CNC nanocomposite increases the modulus difference between the dry and the wet state by a factor of up to four compared to the nanocomposites without the PVA. The main reason is that the PVA leads to a substantial increase of the stiffness in the dry state; for example, the storage modulus E ' increased from 2.7 MPa (neat EO-EPI) to 50 MPa upon introduction of 10% CNCs, and to 200 MPa when additionally 5% of PVA was added. By contrast, the incorporation of PVA only led to moderate increases of the equilibrium water swelling and the E ' in the wet state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Worarin Meesorn
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Justin O Zoppe
- Omya International AG, Baslerstrasse 42, CH-4665, Oftringen, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zou L, Webber MJ. Reversible hydrogel dynamics by physical–chemical crosslink photoswitching using a supramolecular macrocycle template. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9931-9934. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04748d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Host–guest supramolecular hydrogels are prepared from light-responsive guests within a CB[8] cavitand, and the complex catalyzes reversible guest photodimerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zou
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Notre Dame
- Notre Dame
- USA
| | - Matthew J. Webber
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Notre Dame
- Notre Dame
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu X, Qin B, Xu JF, Wang Z, Zhang X. Cross-linked supramolecular polymers synthesized by photo-initiated thiol-ene click reaction of supramonomers. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
25
|
Mu J, Wang G, Yan H, Li H, Wang X, Gao E, Hou C, Pham ATC, Wu L, Zhang Q, Li Y, Xu Z, Guo Y, Reichmanis E, Wang H, Zhu M. Molecular-channel driven actuator with considerations for multiple configurations and color switching. Nat Commun 2018; 9:590. [PMID: 29426842 PMCID: PMC5807312 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to achieve simultaneous intrinsic deformation with fast response in commercially available materials that can safely contact skin continues to be an unresolved challenge for artificial actuating materials. Rather than using a microporous structure, here we show an ambient-driven actuator that takes advantage of inherent nanoscale molecular channels within a commercial perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer (PFSA) film, fabricated by simple solution processing to realize a rapid response, self-adaptive, and exceptionally stable actuation. Selective patterning of PFSA films on an inert soft substrate (polyethylene terephthalate film) facilitates the formation of a range of different geometries, including a 2D (two-dimensional) roll or 3D (three-dimensional) helical structure in response to vapor stimuli. Chemical modification of the surface allowed the development of a kirigami-inspired single-layer actuator for personal humidity and heat management through macroscale geometric design features, to afford a bilayer stimuli-responsive actuator with multicolor switching capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuke Mu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibres and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hongping Yan
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Huayu Li
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Enlai Gao
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Chengyi Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibres and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Anh Thi Cam Pham
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Lianjun Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibres and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology MOE, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yaogang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology MOE, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibres and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| | - Elsa Reichmanis
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibres and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China.
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibres and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yuasa S, Sato Y, Imoto H, Naka K. Fabrication of composite films with poly(methyl methacrylate) and incompletely condensed cage-silsesquioxane fillers. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sota Yuasa
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Yuri Sato
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imoto
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Kensuke Naka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Herbert KM, Schrettl S, Rowan SJ, Weder C. 50th Anniversary Perspective: Solid-State Multistimuli, Multiresponsive Polymeric Materials. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Schrettl
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass
Ave., Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cudjoe E, Khani S, Way AE, Hore MJA, Maia J, Rowan SJ. Biomimetic Reversible Heat-Stiffening Polymer Nanocomposites. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:886-894. [PMID: 28852703 PMCID: PMC5571458 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the ability of the sea cucumber to (reversibly) increase the stiffness of its dermis upon exposure to a stimulus, we herein report a stimuli-responsive nanocomposite that can reversibly increase its stiffness upon exposure to warm water. Nanocomposites composed of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) that are grafted with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) polymer embedded within a poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) matrix show a dramatic increase in modulus, for example, from 1 to 350 MPa upon exposure to warm water, the hypothesis being that grafting the polymers from the CNCs disrupts the interactions between the nanofibers and minimizes the mechanical reinforcement of the film. However, exposure to water above the LCST leads to the collapse of the polymer chains and subsequent stiffening of the nanocomposite as a result of the enhanced CNC interactions. Backing up this hypothesis are energy conserving dissipative particle dynamics (EDPD) simulations which show that the attractive interactions between CNCs are switched on upon the temperature-induced collapse of the grafted polymer chains, resulting in the formation of a percolating reinforcing network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Cudjoe
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Shaghayegh Khani
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Amanda E. Way
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Michael J. A. Hore
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Joao Maia
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, The University
of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United
States
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kong D, Xiao X. Rigid High Temperature Heat-Shrinkable Polyimide Tubes with Functionality as Reducer Couplings. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44936. [PMID: 28317905 PMCID: PMC5357908 DOI: 10.1038/srep44936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexible and semi-rigid heat-shrinkable tubes (HSTs) have been used in thousands of applications, and here rigid high temperature HSTs are reported for the first time. These rigid HSTs are prepared with shape memory polyimides possessing glass transition temperatures (Tgs) from 182 to 295 °C, and the relationships between Tg and their molecular structures are studied. The polyimide HSTs (PIHSTs) can fix expanded diameters and shrink back to original diameters very well, and the mechanisms of their heat-shrinkage performance are discussed. Their differences from commercially available HSTs in heat-shrinkage are also analyzed. They can withstand low temperature of -196 °C, much lower than those of other HSTs. The PIHSTs can also connect subjects of different sizes by heat-shrinkage and then fix them upon cooling like reducer couplings, and the possible mechanisms of their reducer coupling effect are analyzed. With their unique characteristics, PIHSTs will expand the application areas of HSTs enormously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyan Kong
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, PRC
| | - Xinli Xiao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, PRC
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fang Z, Kuang Y, Zhou P, Ming S, Zhu P, Liu Y, Ning H, Chen G. Programmable Shape Recovery Process of Water-Responsive Shape-Memory Poly(vinyl alcohol) by Wettability Contrast Strategy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:5495-5502. [PMID: 28106368 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Water-responsive shape-memory polymers (SMPs) are desirable for biomedical applications, but their limited shape recovery process is problematic. Herein, we demonstrate a shape-memory poly(vinyl alcohol) (SM-PVA) with programmable multistep shape recovery processes in water via a wettability contrast strategy. A hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS)-treated SiO2 nanoparticle layer with varying loading weights was rationally deposited onto the surface of SM-PVA, aiming to create surface-wettability contrast. The varying wettability led to different water adsorption behaviors of SM-PVA that could be well-described by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The results calculated from the kinetic model showed that both the pseudo-first order-adsorption rate constant and the saturated water absorption of SM-PVA demonstrated a declining trend as the loading weight of SiO2 increased, which laid the foundation for the local regulation of the water-responsive rate of SM-PVA. Finally, two proof-of-concept drug-delivery devices with diverse three-dimensional structures and actuations are presented based on the water-responsive SM-PVA with preprogrammed multistep shape recovery processes. We believe the programmable shape-memory behavior of water-responsive SM-PVA could highly extend its use in drug delivery, tissue engineering scaffolds, and smart implantable devices, etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yudi Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Panpan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Siyi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Penghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Honglong Ning
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Naskar AK, Keum JK, Boeman RG. Polymer matrix nanocomposites for automotive structural components. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 11:1026-1030. [PMID: 27920443 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2016.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, the automotive industry has expended significant effort to develop lightweight parts from new easy-to-process polymeric nanocomposites. These materials have been particularly attractive because they can increase fuel efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, attempts to reinforce soft matrices by nanoscale reinforcing agents at commercially deployable scales have been only sporadically successful to date. This situation is due primarily to the lack of fundamental understanding of how multiscale interfacial interactions and the resultant structures affect the properties of polymer nanocomposites. In this Perspective, we critically evaluate the state of the art in the field and propose a possible path that may help to overcome these barriers. Only once we achieve a deeper understanding of the structure-properties relationship of polymer matrix nanocomposites will we be able to develop novel structural nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical properties for automotive applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Naskar
- Carbon and Composites Group, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6053, USA
| | - Jong K Keum
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Raymond G Boeman
- Energy and Environmental Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xu C, Chen Y, Zhang HY, Liu Y. Photo-induced secondary assembly of bis(terpyridyl)dibenzo-24-crown-8/Zn2+ supramolecular polymer. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
33
|
Tan L, Hu J, Ying Rena K, Zhu Y, Liu P. Quick water-responsive shape memory hybrids with cellulose nanofibers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tan
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong China
| | - Jinlian Hu
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong China
- PolyU Shenzhen Base, Yuexing No. 1 Road, High-Tech Industrial Park; Nanshan District Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Koo Ying Rena
- Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Shanghai Hiend Polyurethane, Inc; Jinshan District Shanghai 201500 China
| | - Pengqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Moatsou D, Weder C. Mechanically Adaptive Nanocomposites Inspired by Sea Cucumbers. BIO-INSPIRED POLYMERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782626664-00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Sea cucumbers own the fascinating capability to rapidly and reversibly change the stiffness of their dermis. This mechanical morphing is achieved through a distinctive architecture of the tissue, which is composed of a viscoelastic matrix that is reinforced with rigid collagen microfibrils. Neurosecretory proteins regulate the interactions among the latter, and thereby control the overall mechanical properties of the material. This architecture and functionality have been mimicked by researchers in artificial nanocomposites that feature similar, albeit significantly simplified, structure and mechanical morphing ability. The general design of such stimulus–responsive, mechanically adaptive materials involves a low-modulus polymer matrix and rigid, high-aspect ratio filler particles, which are arranged to form percolating networks within the polymer matrix. Stress transfer is controlled by switching the interactions among the nanofibers and/or between the nanofibers and the matrix polymer via an external stimulus. In first embodiments, water was employed to moderate hydrogen-bonding interactions in such nanocomposites, while more recent examples have been designed to respond to more specific stimuli, such as a change of the pH, or irradiation with ultraviolet light. This chapter provides an overview of the general design principles and materials embodiments of such sea-cucumber inspired materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dafni Moatsou
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg Chemin des Verdiers 4 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang Z, Liao Y. Reversible dissolution/formation of polymer nanoparticles controlled by visible light. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:14070-14073. [PMID: 27389863 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02163h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent crosslinking between polyvinyl pyridine and a copolymer of acrylic acid led to the formation of a polymer nanoparticle. In the presence of a metastable-state photoacid, reversible dissolution and formation of the nanoparticle can be controlled by visible light. Photo-induced proton transfer from the photoacid to the polymers broke the hydrogen bonding and ionic bonding and led to the dissolution of the nanoparticle. Cycles of dissolution and formation were controlled by turning on and off irradiation, and were demonstrated by the transmittance change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuozhi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Loh XJ. Four-Dimensional (4D) Printing in Consumer Applications. POLYMERS FOR PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS AND COSMETICS 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782623984-00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Modern manufacturing primarily utilizes direct assembly techniques, limiting the possibility of error correction or instant modification of a structure. There is a growing need to program physical materials to build themselves. Adaptive materials are programmable physical or biological materials which possess shape changing properties or can be made to have simple logic responses. There are computer programs that allow the design of nano-robots that self-assemble into functional structures for drug delivery applications. There is immense potential in having disorganized fragments form an ordered construct through physical interactions. However, these are only self-assembly at the smallest scale, typically at the nanoscale. The answer to customizable macrostructures is in additive manufacturing, or 3D printing. 3D printing has been around for almost 30 years now and is starting to filter into the public arena. The main challenges are that 3D printers have been too inefficient, inaccessible, and slow. Cost is also a significant factor in the adoption of this technology. 3D printing has the potential to transform and disrupt the manufacturing landscape as well as our lives. 4D printing seeks to use multi-functional materials in 3D printing so that the printed structure has multiple response capabilities and is able to self-assemble at the macroscale. In this chapter, I will analyze the early promise of this technology as well as highlight potential challenges that adopters could face.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 Singapore 138634 Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore Singapore 117574 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yildirim T, Traeger A, Preussger E, Stumpf S, Fritzsche C, Hoeppener S, Schubert S, Schubert US. Dual Responsive Nanoparticles from a RAFT Copolymer Library for the Controlled Delivery of Doxorubicin. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Turgay Yildirim
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Anja Traeger
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Preussger
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Steffi Stumpf
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Carolin Fritzsche
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schubert
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Otto-Schott-Strasse 41, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shirole A, Sapkota J, Foster EJ, Weder C. Shape Memory Composites Based on Electrospun Poly(vinyl alcohol) Fibers and a Thermoplastic Polyether Block Amide Elastomer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:6701-6708. [PMID: 26900879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed at developing new thermally responsive shape-memory composites, that were fabricated by compacting mats of electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers and sheets of a thermoplastic polyether block amide elastomer (PEBA). This design was based on the expectation that the combination of the rubber elasticity of the PEBA matrix and the mechanical switching exploitable through the reversible glass transition temperature (Tg) of the PVA filler could be combined to create materials that display shape memory characteristics as an emergent effect. Dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA) show that, upon introduction of 10-20% w/w PVA fibers, the room-temperature storage modulus (E') increased by a factor of 4-5 in comparison to the neat PEBA, and they reveal a stepwise reduction of E' around the Tg of PVA (85 °C). This transition could indeed be utilized to fix a temporary shape and recover the permanent shape. At low strain, the fixity was 66 ± 14% and the recovery was 98 ± 2%. Overall, the data validate a simple and practical strategy for the fabrication of shape memory composites that involves a melt compaction process and employs two commercially available polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Shirole
- Adolphe Mekle Institute, University of Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Janak Sapkota
- Adolphe Mekle Institute, University of Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - E Johan Foster
- Adolphe Mekle Institute, University of Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Mekle Institute, University of Fribourg , Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhao Q, Qi HJ, Xie T. Recent progress in shape memory polymer: New behavior, enabling materials, and mechanistic understanding. Prog Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 680] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
40
|
Modeling the heat transfer in magneto-sensitive shape-memory polymer nanocomposites with dynamically changing surface area to volume ratios. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
41
|
Ghosh S, Tehrani M, Al-Haik MS, Puri IK. Patterning the Stiffness of Elastomeric Nanocomposites by Magnetophoretic Control of Cross-linking Impeder Distribution. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 8:474-485. [PMID: 28787951 PMCID: PMC5455270 DOI: 10.3390/ma8020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel method to pattern the stiffness of an elastomeric nanocomposite by selectively impeding the cross-linking reactions at desired locations while curing. This is accomplished by using a magnetic field to enforce a desired concentration distribution of colloidal magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) in the liquid precursor of polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) elastomer. MNPs impede the cross-linking of PDMS; when they are dispersed in liquid PDMS, the cured elastomer exhibits lower stiffness in portions containing a higher nanoparticle concentration. Consequently, a desired stiffness pattern is produced by selecting the required magnetic field distribution a priori. Up to 200% variation in the reduced modulus is observed over a 2 mm length, and gradients of up to 12.6 MPa·mm-1 are obtained. This is a significant improvement over conventional nanocomposite systems where only small unidirectional variations can be achieved by varying nanoparticle concentration. The method has promising prospects in additive manufacturing; it can be integrated with existing systems thereby adding the capability to produce microscale heterogeneities in mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suvojit Ghosh
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, 495 Old Turner Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Mehran Tehrani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Marwan S Al-Haik
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, 495 Old Turner Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Ishwar K Puri
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yavvari PS, Srivastava A. Robust, self-healing hydrogels synthesised from catechol rich polymers. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:899-910. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01307g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Catechol rich polymers yield robust, self-healing hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu S. Yavvari
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal – 462066
- India
| | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal – 462066
- India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sarkar B, Alexandridis P. Block copolymer–nanoparticle composites: Structure, functional properties, and processing. Prog Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
44
|
Coulibaly S, Heinzmann C, Beyer FL, Balog S, Weder C, Fiore GL. Supramolecular Polymers with Orthogonal Functionality. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501492u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Souleymane Coulibaly
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christian Heinzmann
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Frederick L. Beyer
- U.S. Army Research
Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005-5069, United States
| | - Sandor Balog
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Gina L. Fiore
- Adolphe
Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bijlard AC, Winzen S, Itoh K, Landfester K, Taden A. Alternative Pathway for the Stabilization of Reactive Emulsions via Cross-Linkable Surfactants. ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:1165-1168. [PMID: 35610817 DOI: 10.1021/mz500625w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Highly reactive emulsions were stabilized by employing a surfmer analogous concept. An interfacial reaction between an emulsion droplet and a cross-linkable reactive surfactant was used to provide colloidal stability and simultaneously maintain the majority of the reactive groups. Polyaddition-type reaction between epoxy and amine was chosen as a model system to spontaneously and covalently bond the surfactant to the emulsion droplets. The interfacial reaction was monitored via isothermal titration calorimetry analysis. With this method, the increased colloidal stability could be attributed to a reaction rather than a pure physical adsorption. The maintained reactivity of the emulsion droplets enables consecutive conversions with coreactive components, e.g., for cross-linking reactions, corrosion protection, or functional coatings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christin Bijlard
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, Henkelstr. 67, 40191 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Svenja Winzen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kenji Itoh
- Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, Henkelstr. 67, 40191 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Taden
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, Henkelstr. 67, 40191 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sonseca Á, Camarero-Espinosa S, Peponi L, Weder C, Foster EJ, Kenny JM, Giménez E. Mechanical and shape-memory properties of poly(mannitol sebacate)/cellulose nanocrystal nanocomposites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Águeda Sonseca
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV); Camino de Vera s/n° 46022 Valencia Spain
| | - Sandra Camarero-Espinosa
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg; Rte de l'Ancienne Papeterie CH-1723 Marly Switzerland
| | - Laura Peponi
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC); Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg; Rte de l'Ancienne Papeterie CH-1723 Marly Switzerland
| | - E. Johan Foster
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg; Rte de l'Ancienne Papeterie CH-1723 Marly Switzerland
| | - José M. Kenny
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC); Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Enrique Giménez
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV); Camino de Vera s/n° 46022 Valencia Spain
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wu T, Su Y, Chen B. Mechanically Adaptive and Shape-Memory Behaviour of Chitosan-Modified Cellulose Whisker/Elastomer Composites in Different pH Environments. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:2794-800. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
48
|
Jorfi M, Voirin G, Foster EJ, Weder C. Physiologically responsive, mechanically adaptive polymer optical fibers for optogenetics. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:2872-2875. [PMID: 24978225 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.002872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The capability to deliver light to specific locations within the brain using optogenetic tools has opened up new possibilities in the field of neural interfacing. In this context, optical fibers are commonly inserted into the brain to activate or mute neurons using photosensitive proteins. While chronic optogenetic stimulation studies are just beginning to emerge, knowledge gathered in connection with electrophysiological implants suggests that the mechanical mismatch of conventional optical fibers and the cortical tissue may be a significant contributor to neuroinflammatory response. Here, we present the design and fabrication of physiologically responsive, mechanically adaptive optical fibers made of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) that may mitigate this problem. Produced by a one-step wet-spinning process, the fibers display a tensile storage modulus E' of ∼7000 MPa in the dry state at 25°C and can thus readily be inserted into cortical tissue. Exposure to water causes a drastic reduction of E' to ∼35 MPa on account of modest swelling with the water. The optical properties at 470 and 590 were comparable with losses of 0.7±0.04 dB/cm at 470 nm and 0.6±0.1 dB/cm at 590 nm in the dry state and 1.1±0.1 dB/cm at 470 nm and 0.9±0.3 dB/cm at 590 nm in the wet state. The dry end of a partially switched fiber with a length of 10 cm was coupled with a light-emitting diode with an output of 10.1 mW to deliver light with a power density of >500 mW/cm2 from the wet end, which is more than sufficient to stimulate neurons in vivo. Thus, even without a low-refractive index cladding, the physiologically responsive, mechanically adaptive optical fibers presented here appear to be a very useful new tool for future optogenetic studies.
Collapse
|
49
|
Sacui IA, Nieuwendaal RC, Burnett DJ, Stranick SJ, Jorfi M, Weder C, Foster EJ, Olsson RT, Gilman JW. Comparison of the properties of cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils isolated from bacteria, tunicate, and wood processed using acid, enzymatic, mechanical, and oxidative methods. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:6127-6138. [PMID: 24746103 DOI: 10.1021/am500359f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the measurement and comparison of several important properties of native cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), such as crystallinity, morphology, aspect ratio, and surface chemistry. Measurement of the fundamental properties of seven different CNCs/CNFs, from raw material sources (bacterial, tunicate, and wood) using typical hydrolysis conditions (acid, enzymatic, mechanical, and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation), was accomplished using a variety of measurement methods. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and 13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to conclude that CNCs, which are rodlike in appearance, have a higher crystallinity than CNFs, which are fibrillar in appearance. CNC aspect ratio distributions were measured and ranged from 148±147 for tunicate-CNCs to 23±12 for wood-CNCs. Hydrophobic interactions, measured using inverse gas chromatography (IGC), were found to be an important contribution to the total surface energy of both types of cellulose. In all cases, a trace amount of naturally occurring fluorescent compounds was observed after hydrolysis. Confocal and Raman microscopy were used to confirm that the fluorescent species were unique for each cellulose source, and demonstrated that such methods can be useful for monitoring purity during CNC/CNF processing. This study reveals the broad, tunable, multidimensional material space in which CNCs and CNFs exist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iulia A Sacui
- Materials Science and Engineering Division and ⊥Materials Measurement Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wu T, O’Kelly K, Chen B. Poly(vinyl alcohol) particle-reinforced elastomer composites with water-active shape-memory effects. Eur Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|