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Abstract
Chemical pollution of water has raised great concerns among citizens, lawmakers, and nearly all manufacturing industries. As the legislation addressing liquid effluents becomes more stringent, water companies are increasingly scrutinized for their environmental performance. In this context, emergent contaminants represent a major challenge, and the remediation of water bodies and wastewater demands alternative sorbent materials. One of the most promising adsorbing materials for micropolluted water environments involves cyclodextrin (CD) polymers and cyclodextrin-containing polysaccharides. Although cyclodextrins are water-soluble and, thus, unusable as adsorbents in aqueous media, they can be feasibly polymerized by using different crosslinkers such as epichlorohydrin, polycarboxylic acids, and glutaraldehyde. Likewise, with those coupling agents or after substituting hydroxyl groups with more reactive moieties, cyclodextrin units can be covalently attached to a pre-existing polysaccharide. In this direction, the functionalization of chitosan, cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and other carbohydrate polymers with CDs is vastly found in the literature. For the system containing CDs to be used for remediation purposes, there are benefits from a synergy that arises from (i) the ability of CD units to interact selectively with a broad spectrum of molecules, forming inclusion complexes and higher-order supramolecular assemblies, (ii) the functional groups of the crosslinker comonomers, (iii) the three-dimensional structure of the crosslinked network, and/or (iv) the intrinsic characteristics of the polysaccharide backbone. In view of the most recent contributions regarding CD-based copolymers and CD-containing polysaccharides, this review discusses their performance as adsorbents in micropolluted water environments, as well as their interaction patterns, addressing the influence of their structural and physicochemical properties and their functionalization.
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Lo Meo P, Mundo F, Terranova S, Conte P, Chillura Martino D. Water Dynamics at the Solid-Liquid Interface to Unveil the Textural Features of Synthetic Nanosponges. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1847-1857. [PMID: 32069049 PMCID: PMC7997571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
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A fast-field-cycling
NMR investigation was carried out on a set
of polyurethane cyclodextrin nanosponges, in order to gain information
on their textural properties, which have been proven to be quite difficult
to assess by means of ordinary porosimetric techniques. Experiments
were performed on both dry and wet samples, in order to evaluate the
behavior of the “nonexchangeable” C-bound 1H nuclei, as well as the one of the mobile protons belonging to the
skeletal hydroxyl groups and the water molecules. The results acquired
for the wet samples accounted for the molecular mobility of water
molecules within the channels of the nanosponge network, leading back
to the possible pore size distribution. Owing to the intrinsic difficulties
involved in a quantitative assessment of the textural properties,
in the present study we alternatively propose an extension to nanosponges
of the concept of “connectivity”, which has been already
employed to discuss the properties of soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Lo Meo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Federico Mundo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Samuele Terranova
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Conte
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze ed. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Delia Chillura Martino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Nepafenac-Loaded Cyclodextrin/Polymer Nanoaggregates: A New Approach to Eye Drop Formulation. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12020229. [PMID: 30641887 PMCID: PMC6356765 DOI: 10.3390/ma12020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The topical administration route is commonly used for targeting therapeutics to the eye; however, improving the bioavailability of drugs applied directly to the eye remains a challenge. Different strategies have been studied to address this challenge. One of them is the use of aggregates that are formed easily by self-assembly of cyclodextrin (CD)/drug complexes in aqueous solution. The aim of this study was to design a new eye drop formulation based on aggregates formed between CD/drug complexes. For this purpose, the physicochemical properties of the aggregates associated with six CDs and selected water-soluble polymers were analysed. Complex formation was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Results showed that HPβCD performed best in terms of solubilization, while γCD performed best in terms of enhancing nanoaggregate formation. Formation of inclusion complexes was confirmed by DSC, FT-IR and 1H-NMR studies. A mixture of 15% (w/v) γCD and 8% (w/v) HPβCD was selected for formulation studies. It was concluded that formulations with aggregate sizes less than 1 µm and viscosity around 10–19 centipoises can be easily prepared using a mixture of CDs. Formulations containing polymeric drug/CD nanoaggregates represent an interesting strategy for enhanced topical delivery of nepafenac.
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Le-Deygen IM, Skuredina AA, Kudryashova EV. Drug delivery systems for fluoroquinolones: New prospects in tuberculosis treatment. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162017050077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Álvarez-Paino M, Muñoz-Bonilla A, Fernández-García M. Antimicrobial Polymers in the Nano-World. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E48. [PMID: 28336882 PMCID: PMC5333033 DOI: 10.3390/nano7020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Infections are one of the main concerns of our era due to antibiotic-resistant infections and the increasing costs in the health-care sector. Within this context, antimicrobial polymers present a great alternative to combat these problems since their mechanisms of action differ from those of antibiotics. Therefore, the microorganisms' resistance to these polymeric materials is avoided. Antimicrobial polymers are not only applied in the health-care sector, they are also used in many other areas. This review presents different strategies that combine nanoscience and nanotechnology in the polymer world to combat contaminations from bacteria, fungi or algae. It focuses on the most relevant areas of application of these materials, viz. health, food, agriculture, and textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Álvarez-Paino
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC); C/ Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Marta Fernández-García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC); C/ Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain.
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Adsorption of Selected Pharmaceutical Compounds onto Activated Carbon in Dilute Aqueous Solutions Exemplified by Acetaminophen, Diclofenac, and Sulfamethoxazole. ScientificWorldJournal 2015; 2015:186501. [PMID: 26078989 PMCID: PMC4452490 DOI: 10.1155/2015/186501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of three pharmaceuticals, namely, acetaminophen, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole onto granular activated carbon (GAC), was investigated. To study competitive adsorption, both dynamic and steady-state adsorption experiments were conducted by careful selection of pharmaceuticals with various affinities and molecular size. The effective diffusion coefficient of the adsorbate was increased with decease in particle size of GAC. The adsorption affinity represented as Langmuir was consistent with the ranking of the octanol-water partition coefficient, K(ow). The adsorption behavior in binary or tertiary systems could be described by competition adsorption. In the binary system adsorption replacement occurred, under which the adsorbate with the smaller K(ow) was replaced by the one with larger K(ow). Results also indicated that portion of the micropores could be occupied only by the small target compound, but not the larger adsorbates. In multiple-component systems the competition adsorption might significantly be affected by the macropores and less by the meso- or micropores.
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Mahapatra N, Halder M. Facile reversible LSPR tuning through additive-induced self-aggregation and dissemination of Ag NPs: role of cyclodextrins and surfactants. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01523a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An easy and economical protocol for the reversible LSPR tuning of Ag NPs through cyclodextrin-induced self-aggregation and color fading, followed by surfactant-induced dissemination of self-assembly and consequent color reappearance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mintu Halder
- Indian Institute of Technology-Kharagpur
- Dept. of Chemistry
- Kharagpur, India
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Wang Y, Zhao Y, Han B. Preparation of Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine-Cross-Linked Cyclodextrin-Based Porous Nanospheres and Their Application as Drug Delivery Systems. CHINESE J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mathapa BG, Paunov VN. Nanoporous cyclodextrin-based co-polymeric microspheres for encapsulation of active components. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3588-3598. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20481b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Xiao P, Corvini PFX, Dudal Y, Shahgaldian P. Design and high-throughput synthesis of cyclodextrin-based polyurethanes with enhanced molecular recognition properties. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20764h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kettel MJ, Hildebrandt H, Schaefer K, Moeller M, Groll J. Tenside-free preparation of nanogels with high functional β-cyclodextrin content. ACS NANO 2012; 6:8087-8093. [PMID: 22862562 DOI: 10.1021/nn302694q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present the preparation of ultrafine (R(h), 50 -150 nm) nanogels through tenside-free condensation of reactive prepolymers with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in water. These nanogels possess a maximum content of 60 wt % functional β-CD that can form inclusion complexes as demonstrated by dye sorption with phenolphthalein. Aside of this extremely high uptake capacity to hydrophobic molecules, the nanogels also show good adhesion to surfaces in homogeneous distribution with size of R(h) of 25 nm under dry conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus J Kettel
- DWI at RWTH Aachen eV and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 8, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Xiao P, Corvini P, Dudal Y, Shahgaldian P. Design of Cyclodextrin-Based Photopolymers with Enhanced Molecular Recognition Properties: A Template-Free High-Throughput Approach. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301104x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xiao
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Corvini
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School
of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse
40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yves Dudal
- INOFEA GmbH, Hochbergerstrasse 60c, CH-4057
Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Shahgaldian
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
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Xiao P, Dudal Y, Corvini PFX, Pieles U, Shahgaldian P. Cyclodextrin-based polyurethanes act as selective molecular recognition materials of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00114k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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