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Karki S, Jalife S, Wang X, Lin YH, Wu JI, Miljanić OŠ. Columnar Organization of Nonalternant Fluorinated Dehydrobenzannulenes. Chemistry 2024:e202402913. [PMID: 39189940 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Two new partially fluorinated dehydrobenzannulenes have been prepared by inter- and intramolecular oxidative homocoupling of diyne precursors. These systems contain fluorinated and nonfluorinated arene rings in a desymmetrized non-alternant arrangement. Both macrocycles are roughly planar and organize into extended columns in the solid state. The assembly of these columns is mediated by the combination of dispersion interactions, slipped [π⋅⋅⋅π] stacking interactions of the perfluorinated rings with each other, and their association with the nonfluorinated rings in the molecules of the neighboring macrocycles. These results suggest that partial fluorination of dehydrobenzannulenes can serve as a versatile motif for their assembly into columnar superstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitra Karki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, United States of America
| | - Said Jalife
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, United States of America
| | - Xiqu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, United States of America
| | - Yun-Hsien Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, United States of America
| | - Judy I Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, United States of America
| | - Ognjen Š Miljanić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, United States of America
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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2
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Honda K, Tahara K. Heptagonal Molecular Tiling via Self-Assembly of Heptagonal Phenylene-Ethynylene Macrocycle at the Liquid-Solid Interface. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400926. [PMID: 38567873 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The molecular-level scrutinization of on-surface tiling garners considerable interest among scientists. Herein, we demonstrate molecular-level heptagonal tiling using the self-assembly of a heptagonal meta-phenylene-ethynylene macrocycle featuring 14 long alkoxy substituents at the liquid-graphite interface using scanning tunneling microscopy. This heptagonal macrocycle produces an antiparallel pattern at the 1-phenyloctane-graphite interface through van der Waals interactions between the alkoxy chains. This pattern resembles the densely packed pattern of heptagonal tiles, albeit with variations in the orientations and spacing of heptagonal cores owing to intermolecular interactions between the alkoxy chains. Conversely, at the 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene-graphite interface, the heptagonal molecule forms an oblique pattern composed of four independent molecular orientations. This phenomenon arises from core distortion induced by the coadsorption of the solvent molecules within the intrinsic macrocyclic pores. This study elucidates the design strategy - specifically, the choice of heptagonal molecular building block - for heptagonal tiling and fills a crucial gap in the field of two-dimensional crystal engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Honda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Kazukuni Tahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
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3
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Liu S, Norikane Y, Kikkawa Y. Two-dimensional molecular networks at the solid/liquid interface and the role of alkyl chains in their building blocks. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:872-892. [PMID: 37674543 PMCID: PMC10477993 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.14.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoarchitectonics has attracted increasing attention owing to its potential applications in nanomachines, nanoelectronics, catalysis, and nanopatterning, which can contribute to overcoming global problems related to energy and environment, among others. However, the fabrication of ordered nanoarchitectures remains a challenge, even in two dimensions. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the self-assembly processes and substantial factors for building ordered structures is critical for tailoring flexible and desirable nanoarchitectures. Scanning tunneling microscopy is a powerful tool for revealing the molecular conformations, arrangements, and orientations of two-dimensional (2D) networks on surfaces. The fabrication of 2D assemblies involves non-covalent interactions that play a significant role in the molecular arrangement and orientation. Among the non-covalent interactions, dispersion interactions that derive from alkyl chain units are believed to be weak. However, alkyl chains play an important role in the adsorption onto substrates, as well as in the in-plane intermolecular interactions. In this review, we focus on the role of alkyl chains in the formation of ordered 2D assemblies at the solid/liquid interface. The alkyl chain effects on the 2D assemblies are introduced together with examples documented in the past decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyi Liu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yasuo Norikane
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kikkawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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4
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Preetha Genesh N, Cui D, Dettmann D, MacLean O, Johal TK, Lunchev AV, Grimsdale AC, Rosei F. Selective Self-Assembly and Modification of Herringbone Reconstructions at a Solid-Liquid Interface of Au(111). J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3057-3062. [PMID: 36946688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The precise control of molecular self-assembly on surfaces presents many opportunities for the creation of complex nanostructures. Within this endeavor, selective patterning by exploiting molecular interactions at the solid-liquid interface would be a beneficial capability. Using scanning tunneling microscopy at the 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene/Au(111) interface, we observed selective self-assembly of 1,3,5-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)benzene (TMPB) molecules in the face-centered cubic (FCC) regions of Au(111). Density functional theory calculations suggest higher adsorption energy of TMPB molecules at FCC regions, explaining the preference for self-assembly. The molecular coverage is found to increase with the concentration of the applied solution, eventually yielding a full monolayer. Moreover, the adsorption of TMPB molecules induces a concentration-dependent lifting of the herringbone reconstruction, observed as an increase in the area of the FCC regions at higher concentrations. Our results represent a simple and cost-effective selective nanoscale patterning method on Au(111), providing a possible avenue to guide the co-adsorption of other functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navathej Preetha Genesh
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Daling Cui
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Dominik Dettmann
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Oliver MacLean
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130103, People's Republic of China
| | - Tarnjit Kaur Johal
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Andrey V Lunchev
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Andrew C Grimsdale
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Federico Rosei
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
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5
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Houska V, Ukraintsev E, Vacek J, Rybáček J, Bednárová L, Pohl R, Stará IG, Rezek B, Starý I. Helicene-based π-conjugated macrocycles: their synthesis, properties, chirality and self-assembly into molecular stripes on a graphite surface. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:1542-1553. [PMID: 36383069 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04209f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fully aromatic helicenes are attractive building blocks for the construction of inherently chiral π-conjugated macrocyclic nanocarbons. These hitherto rare molecular architectures are envisaged to exhibit remarkable (chir)optical properties, self-assembly, charge/spin transport, induced ring current or a fascinating Möbius topology. Here the synthesis of helically chiral macrocycles that combine angular dibenzo[5]helicene units as corners and linear trans-stilbene-4,4'-diyl linkers as edges is reported. By subjecting a racemic or enantiopure divinyl derivative of dibenzo[5]helicene to olefin metathesis, which was catalysed by a 2nd generation Piers catalyst under kinetic control, a π-conjugated helicene cyclic trimer (33%) and a tetramer (22%) were obtained, which were separated by GPC. Combining racemic/asymmetric synthesis with the resolution of enantiomers/diastereomers by SFC/HPLC on a chiral column, both homochiral (+)-(M,M,M)/(-)-(P,P,P) and heterochiral (+)-(M,M,P)/(-)-(M,P,P) stereoisomers of the helicene cyclic trimer could be obtained in an enantio- and diastereomerically enriched form. The complete energy profile of their interconversion was compiled on the basis of kinetic measurements and numerical solution of the proposed kinetic model. In equilibrium, the heterochiral diastereomer predominates over the homochiral one (ca. 75 : 25 at 76 °C). π-Conjugation along a large, twisted circuit in the helicene cyclic trimer is rather disrupted, stabilising this formally antiaromatic molecule. Using an optimised PeakForce mode of ambient AFM, the self-assembly of otherwise highly mobile stereoisomers of the helicene cyclic trimer on the HOPG surface could be studied. Irrespective of the stereochemistry, strong preferences for the edge-to-edge interaction of these macrocycles were found to form very long parallel 1D molecular stripes in ordered 2D nanocrystals, a result also supported by molecular dynamics simulations. Six trityl groups, initially introduced to the macrocycle to enhance solubility, serve as a key "molecular Velcro" system in the self-assembly of macrocycles to maximise their mutual van der Waals interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Houska
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Egor Ukraintsev
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, CTU in Prague, Technická 2, 166 27 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Vacek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Rybáček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Irena G Stará
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Bohuslav Rezek
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, CTU in Prague, Technická 2, 166 27 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Starý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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6
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Wang H, Zhou L, Zheng Y, Wang K, Song B, Yan X, Wojtas L, Wang X, Jiang X, Wang M, Sun Q, Xu B, Yang H, Sue AC, Chan Y, Sessler JL, Jiao Y, Stang PJ, Li X. Double‐Layered Supramolecular Prisms Self‐Assembled by Geometrically Non‐equivalent Tetratopic Subunits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1298-1305. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Li‐Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Department of Chemistry Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 USA
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xu‐Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Qing‐Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Bingqian Xu
- College of Engineering and Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Hai‐Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Andrew C.‐H. Sue
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yi‐Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry National (Taiwan) University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | | | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 China
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7
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Wang H, Zhou L, Zheng Y, Wang K, Song B, Yan X, Wojtas L, Wang X, Jiang X, Wang M, Sun Q, Xu B, Yang H, Sue AC, Chan Y, Sessler JL, Jiao Y, Stang PJ, Li X. Double‐Layered Supramolecular Prisms Self‐Assembled by Geometrically Non‐equivalent Tetratopic Subunits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Li‐Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Department of Chemistry Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 USA
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xu‐Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Qing‐Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Bingqian Xu
- College of Engineering and Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Hai‐Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Andrew C.‐H. Sue
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yi‐Tsu Chan
- Department of Chemistry National (Taiwan) University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | | | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 China
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8
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Anzai M, Iyoda M, De Feyter S, Tobe Y, Tahara K. Trapping a pentagonal molecule in a self-assembled molecular network: an alkoxylated isosceles triangular molecule does the job. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5401-5404. [PMID: 32286587 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01823f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a unique example of on-surface adaptive self-assembly. A pentagon-shaped macrocycle, cyclic [5]meta-phenyleneacetylene [5]CMPA, is trapped by the adaptive supramolecular network formed by an isosceles triangular molecule, alkoxy substituted dehydrobenzo[14]annulene [14]ISODBA at the liquid/graphite interface, leading to a highly ordered and large-area bicomponent self-assembled molecular network (SAMN), as revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Anzai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Iyoda
- Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yoshito Tobe
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan and Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu 30030, Taiwan
| | - Kazukuni Tahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan.
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9
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Iritani K, Takeda H, Kather M, Yokoi M, Moeglen M, Ikeda M, Otsubo Y, Ozawa Y, Tahara K, Hirose K, De Feyter S, Tobe Y. Electrostatically Driven Guest Binding in Self-Assembled Molecular Network of Hexagonal Pyridine Macrocycle at the Liquid/Solid Interface: Symmetry Breaking Induced by Coadsorbed Solvent Molecules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15051-15062. [PMID: 31671263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present here the construction of a self-assembled two-dimensional network at the liquid/solid interface using a hexagonal pyridine macrocycle which binds an organic cation in its intrinsic porous space by electrostatic interactions. For this purpose, a hexagonal pyridinylene-butadiynylene macrocycle (PyBM) having six octyloxymethyl groups, PyBM-C8, was synthesized. As guests, tropylium (Tr) tetrafluoroborate and trioxatriangulenium (TOTA) hexafluorophosphate were used. In this study, we focused on (i) the network patterns of PyBM-C8 which change in response to its concentration and (ii) the position of the guest immobilized in the porous space of the macrocycle. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) observations at the interface of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) revealed that PyBM-C8 formed four different polymorphs, oblique, loose hexagonal, linear, and rectangular, depending on the solute concentration and annealing treatment. Solvent TCB molecules are likely coadsorbed to not only the intrinsically porous space of PyBM-C8 (internal TCB) but also the space outside of the macrocycle between its alkyl chains (external TCB) in most of the cases. Upon adding the guest cation, whereas small Tr was not visualized in the pore due to size mismatching, larger TOTA was clearly observed in each pore. In addition, based on high-resolution STM images of the rhombus packing pattern of PyBM-C8, we revealed experimentally that TOTA was placed at an off-center position of the deformed hexagonal macrocyclic core in the rhombus pattern. On the basis of the molecular mechanics calculations, we hypothesize that the off-center location of TOTA is due to deformation of the hexagonal macrocycle through interaction with two external TCB molecules located at opposite edges of the macrocyclic core. Symmetry breaking of the macrocyclic host framework induced by coadsorbed surrounding solvent molecules thus plays a significant role in host-guest complexation at the liquid/solid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Iritani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering , Tokyo University of Technology , Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982 , Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yu Ozawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology , Meiji University , Kawasaki , Kanagawa 214-8571 , Japan
| | - Kazukuni Tahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology , Meiji University , Kawasaki , Kanagawa 214-8571 , Japan
| | | | - Steven De Feyter
- Department of Chemistry , KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200F , 3001 Leuven , Belgium
| | - Yoshito Tobe
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research , Osaka University , 8-1, Mihogaoka , Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 , Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry , National Chiao Tung University , 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road , Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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10
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Keller TJ, Bahr J, Gratzfeld K, Schönfelder N, Majewski MA, Stępień M, Höger S, Jester SS. Nanopatterns of arylene-alkynylene squares on graphite: self-sorting and intercalation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:1848-1855. [PMID: 31467606 PMCID: PMC6693369 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular nanopatterns of arylene–alkynylene squares with side chains of different lengths are investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy at the solid/liquid interface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Self-sorting leads to the intermolecular interdigitation of alkoxy side chains of identical length. Voids inside and between the squares are occupied by intercalated solvent molecules, which numbers depend on the sizes and shapes of the nanopores. In addition, planar and non-planar coronoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., butyloxy-substituted kekulene and octulene derivatives) are found to be able to intercalate into the intramolecular nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan J Keller
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Joshua Bahr
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristin Gratzfeld
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Schönfelder
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcin A Majewski
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan-S Jester
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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11
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Yuan C, Xue N, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Li N, Xue Q, Wu T, Hou S, Wang Y. A two-dimensional crystal formed by pentamers on Au(111). Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5427-5430. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01658a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new type of two-dimensional crystal comprising supramolecular pentamers on Au(111) is studied using an ultra-high vacuum low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Yuan
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Na Xue
- Peking University Information Technology Institute (Tianjin, Binhai)
- Tianjin 300450
- China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Qiang Xue
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Shimin Hou
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
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12
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Cui D, Ebrahimi M, Macleod JM, Rosei F. Template-Driven Dense Packing of Pentagonal Molecules in Monolayer Films. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:7570-7575. [PMID: 30403353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The integration of molecules with irregular shape into a long-range, dense and periodic lattice represents a unique challenge for the fabrication of engineered molecular scale architectures. The tiling of pentagonal molecules on a two-dimensional (2D) plane can be used as a proof-of-principle investigation to overcome this problem because basic geometry dictates that a 2D surface cannot be filled with a periodic arrangement of pentagons, a fundamental limitation that suggests that pentagonal molecules may not be suitable as building blocks for dense films. However, here we show that the 2D covalent organic framework (COF) known as COF-1 can direct the growth of pentagonal guest molecules as dense crystalline films at the solution/solid interface. We find that the pentagonal molecule corannulene adsorbs at two different sites on the COF-1 lattice, and that multiple molecules can adsorb into well-defined clusters patterned by the COF. Two types of these dense periodic packing motifs lead to a five-fold symmetry reduction compatible with translational symmetry, one of which gives an unprecedented high molecular density of 2.12 molecules/nm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daling Cui
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique , 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , Québec J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Maryam Ebrahimi
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique , 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , Québec J3X 1S2 , Canada
- Physics Department E20 , Technical University of Munich James-Franck-Strasse1 , D-85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Jennifer M Macleod
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique , 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , Québec J3X 1S2 , Canada
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , 4000 QLD Australia
| | - Federico Rosei
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique , 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet , Varennes , Québec J3X 1S2 , Canada
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Science , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 People's Republic of China
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13
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Fang Y, Cibian M, Hanan GS, Perepichka DF, De Feyter S, Cuccia LA, Ivasenko O. Alkyl chain length effects on double-deck assembly at a liquid/solid interface. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14993-15002. [PMID: 30052249 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04220a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Controlled double-deck packing is an appealing means to expand upon conventional 2D self-assembly which is critical in crystal engineering, yet it is rare and poorly understood. Herein, we report the first systematic study of double-deck assembly in a series of alkylated aminoquinone derivatives at the liquid-solid interface. The competition between the fraction of alkyl chains adsorbed on the surface and the optimal conformation of the alkyl chains near the head group leads to a stepwise structural transformation ranging from complete double-deck packing to complete monolayer packing. Alkyl chains on the bottom or top layer of the double-deck assemblies were selectively visualized by carefully tuning the scanning tunneling microscopy settings. A method to easily identify mirror image domains was discovered based on the coincidence of domain boundaries with a graphite main axis. The effect of molecular symmetry and metal complexation on the formation of the double-deck assembly was also explored. Based on 2D crystal engineering principles, this bottom-up double-deck assembly can potentially provide an essential toehold for constructing precise 3D hierarchical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Québec H4B 1R6, Canada.
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14
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Katoono R, Obara Y, Kusaka K, Suzuki T. Dynamic or undynamic chirality generated by helical arrangement of a shape-persistent ring and rod doubly bridged in a molecule. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:735-738. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09485j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic or undynamic chirality is generated in either threaded or unthreaded form of an assembly of phenylene–ethynylene-based ring and rod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Katoono
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0810
- Japan
| | - Yudai Obara
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0810
- Japan
| | - Keiichi Kusaka
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0810
- Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0810
- Japan
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15
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Liu Y, Singharoy A, Mayne CG, Sengupta A, Raghavachari K, Schulten K, Flood AH. Flexibility Coexists with Shape-Persistence in Cyanostar Macrocycles. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4843-4851. [PMID: 27014837 PMCID: PMC4957974 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Shape-persistent macrocycles are attractive functional targets for synthesis, molecular recognition, and hierarchical self-assembly. Such macrocycles are noncollapsible and geometrically well-defined, and they are traditionally characterized by having repeat units and low conformational flexibility. Here, we find it necessary to refine these ideas in the face of highly flexible yet shape-persistent macrocycles. A molecule is shape-persistent if it has a small change in shape when perturbed by external stimuli (e.g., heat, light, and redox chemistry). In support of this idea, we provide the first examination of the relationships between a macrocycle's shape persistence, its conformational space, and the resulting functions. We do this with a star-shaped macrocycle called cyanostar that is flexible as well as being shape-persistent. We employed molecular dynamics (MD), density functional theory (DFT), and NMR experiments. Considering a thermal bath as a stimulus, we found a single macrocycle has 332 accessible conformers with olefins undergoing rapid interconversion by up-down and in-out motions on short time scales (0.2 ns). These many interconverting conformations classify single cyanostars as flexible. To determine and confirm that cyanostars are shape-persistent, we show that they have a high 87% shape similarity across these conformations. To further test the idea, we use the binding of diglyme to the single macrocycle as guest-induced stimulation. This guest has almost no effect on the conformational space. However, formation of a 2:1 sandwich complex involving two macrocycles enhances rigidity and dramatically shifts the conformer distribution toward perfect bowls. Overall, the present study expands the scope of shape-persistent macrocycles to include flexible macrocycles if, and only if, their conformers have similar shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Abhishek Singharoy
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Christopher G. Mayne
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Arkajyoti Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Krishnan Raghavachari
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Klaus Schulten
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Amar H. Flood
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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16
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Stepanenko V, Kandanelli R, Uemura S, Würthner F, Fernández G. Concentration-dependent rhombitrihexagonal tiling patterns at the liquid/solid interface. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5853-5858. [PMID: 28791089 PMCID: PMC5523081 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00811e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report STM investigations on a linear oligophenyleneethylene (OPE)-based self-assembling Pd(ii) complex 1 that forms highly-ordered concentration dependent patterns on HOPG. At high concentration, 2D lamellar structures are observed whereas the dilution of the system below a critical concentration leads to the formation of visually attractive rhombitrihexagonal Archimedean tiling arrangements featuring three different kinds of polygons: triangles, hexagons and rhombi. The key participation of the Cl ligands attached to the Pd(ii) centre in multiple C-H···Cl interactions was demonstrated by comparing the patterns of 1 with those of an analogous non-metallic system 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Stepanenko
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Universität Würzburg Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . ;
| | - Ramesh Kandanelli
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Universität Würzburg Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . ;
| | - Shinobu Uemura
- Department of Advanced Materials Science , Kagawa Universtity , 2217-20, Hayashi-cho , Takamatsu , Kagawa 761-0396 , Japan
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Universität Würzburg Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . ;
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry , Universität Würzburg Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . ;
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17
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Hirsch BE, Lee S, Qiao B, Chen CH, McDonald KP, Tait SL, Flood AH. Anion-induced dimerization of 5-fold symmetric cyanostars in 3D crystalline solids and 2D self-assembled crystals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9827-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Vollmeyer J, Baumeister U, Höger S. The influence of intraannular templates on the liquid crystallinity of shape-persistent macrocycles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:910-20. [PMID: 24991240 PMCID: PMC4077431 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of shape-persistent phenylene–ethynylene–naphthylene–butadiynylene macrocycles with different extraannular alkyl groups and intraannular bridges is synthesized by oxidative Glaser-coupling of the appropriate precursors. The intraannular bridges serve in this case as templates that reduce the oligomerization even when the reaction is not performed under pseudo high-dilution conditions. The extraannular as well as the intraannular substituents have a strong influence on the thermal behavior of the compounds. With branched alkyl chains at the periphery, the macrocycles exhibit liquid crystalline (lc) phases when the interior is empty or when the length of the alkyl bridge is just right to cross the ring. With a longer alkyl or an oligoethylene oxide bridge no lc phase is observed, most probably because the mesogene is no longer planar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Vollmeyer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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19
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Stöckl Q, Bandera D, Kaplan CS, Ernst KH, Siegel JS. Gear-Meshed Tiling of Surfaces with Molecular Pentagonal Stars. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:606-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja411279r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quirin Stöckl
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Davide Bandera
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Ernst
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jay S. Siegel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road (A203/Bldg 24), Nankai
District, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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20
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Karan S, Wang Y, Robles R, Lorente N, Berndt R. Surface-Supported Supramolecular Pentamers. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14004-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja405456k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Karan
- Institut
für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Key
Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department
of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | | | | | - Richard Berndt
- Institut
für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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21
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Tschierske C. Entwicklung struktureller Komplexität durch Selbstorganisation in flüssigkristallinen Systemen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Tschierske C. Development of structural complexity by liquid-crystal self-assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8828-78. [PMID: 23934786 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the liquid-crystalline state of matter 125 years ago, this field has developed into a scientific area with many facets. This Review presents recent developments in the molecular design and self-assembly of liquid crystals. The focus is on new exciting soft-matter structures distinct from the usually observed nematic, smectic, and columnar phases. These new structures have enhanced complexity, including multicompartment and cellular structures, periodic and quasiperiodic arrays of spheres, and new emergent properties, such as ferroelctricity and spontaneous achiral symmetry-breaking. Comparisons are made with developments in related fields, such as self-assembled monolayers, multiblock copolymers, and nanoparticle arrays. Measures of structural complexity used herein are the size of the lattice, the number of distinct compartments, the dimensionality, and the logic depth of the resulting supramolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Tschierske
- Institut für Chemie, Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle Saale, Germany.
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23
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Lee S, Chen CH, Flood AH. A pentagonal cyanostar macrocycle with cyanostilbene CH donors binds anions and forms dialkylphosphate [3]rotaxanes. Nat Chem 2013; 5:704-10. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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24
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Moreton B, Fang Z, Wills M, Costantini G. Dissociation and hierarchical assembly of chiral esters on metallic surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:6477-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc40805a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Iwanaga T, Miyamoto K, Tahara K, Inukai K, Okuhata S, Tobe Y, Toyota S. Chemistry of anthracene-acetylene oligomers XX: synthesis, structures, and self-association of anthracene-anthraquinone cyclic compounds with ethynylene linkers. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:935-43. [PMID: 22345052 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201101000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized anthracene-acetylene oligomers, which contained one 10-substituted anthracene unit and one anthraquinone unit, by cyclization with Sonogashira coupling. X-ray analysis revealed an almost-planar framework and significant out-of-plane deformation around the inner carbonyl moiety because of steric hindrance. These compounds underwent self-association in solution and their association constants for monomer-dimer exchange were determined by variable-concentration (1)H NMR measurements in CDCl(3): 8 mol(-1) L (10-substituent: isopropyl), <5 mol(-1) L (methoxy), and 19 mol(-1) L (octyloxy). These results were discussed on the basis of spectroscopic and molecular-orbital analysis. A linear molecular assembly of the octyloxy compound at a liquid/graphite interface was observed by STM measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Iwanaga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
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26
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Zoppi L, Bauert T, Siegel JS, Baldridge KK, Ernst KH. Pentagonal tiling with buckybowls: pentamethylcorannulene on Cu(111). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:13365-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41732d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Liu J, Lin T, Shi Z, Xia F, Dong L, Liu PN, Lin N. Structural Transformation of Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Coordination Networks Driven by Intrinsic In-Plane Compression. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:18760-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2056193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ziliang Shi
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fei Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pei Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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