1
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Lerchbammer-Kreith Y, Sommerfeld NS, Cseh K, Weng-Jiang X, Odunze U, Schätzlein AG, Uchegbu IF, Galanski MS, Jakupec MA, Keppler BK. Platinum(IV)-Loaded Degraded Glycol Chitosan as Efficient Platinum(IV) Drug Delivery Platform. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041050. [PMID: 37111536 PMCID: PMC10145531 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A new class of anticancer prodrugs was designed by combining the cytotoxicity of platinum(IV) complexes and the drug carrier properties of glycol chitosan polymers: Unsymmetrically carboxylated platinum(IV) analogues of cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, namely (OC-6-44)-acetatodiammine(3-carboxypropanoato)dichloridoplatinum(IV), (OC-6-44)-acetaodiammine(3-carboxypropanoato)(cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylato)platinum(IV) and (OC-6-44)-acetato(3-carboxypropanoato)(1R,2R-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine)oxalatoplatinum(IV) were synthesised and conjugated via amide bonding to degraded glycol chitosan (dGC) polymers with different chain lengths (5, 10, 18 kDa). The 15 conjugates were investigated with 1H and 195Pt NMR spectroscopy, and average amounts of platinum(IV) units per dGC polymer molecule with ICP-MS, revealing a range of 1.3-22.8 platinum(IV) units per dGC molecule. Cytotoxicity was tested with MTT assays in the cancer cell lines A549, CH1/PA-1, SW480 (human) and 4T1 (murine). IC50 values in the low micromolar to nanomolar range were obtained, and higher antiproliferative activity (up to 72 times) was detected with dGC-platinum(IV) conjugates in comparison to platinum(IV) counterparts. The highest cytotoxicity (IC50 of 0.036 ± 0.005 µM) was determined in CH1/PA-1 ovarian teratocarcinoma cells with a cisplatin(IV)-dGC conjugate, which is hence 33 times more potent than the corresponding platinum(IV) complex and twice more potent than cisplatin. Biodistribution studies of an oxaliplatin(IV)-dGC conjugate in non-tumour-bearing Balb/C mice showed an increased accumulation in the lung compared to the unloaded oxaliplatin(IV) analogue, arguing for further activity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Lerchbammer-Kreith
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine S Sommerfeld
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaudia Cseh
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Xian Weng-Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, Brunswick Square 29-39, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Uchechukwu Odunze
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, Brunswick Square 29-39, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Andreas G Schätzlein
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, Brunswick Square 29-39, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Ijeoma F Uchegbu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, Brunswick Square 29-39, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Mathea S Galanski
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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2
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Riedl CA, Rosner A, Harringer S, Salomon P, Hejl M, Jakupec MA, Kandioller W, Keppler BK. Water-soluble trithiolato-bridged dinuclear ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) arene complexes with bisphosphonate functionalized ligands as anticancer organometallics. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111618. [PMID: 34607124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Trithiolato-bridged dinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru2(p-cym)2(SR)3]Cl (p-cym = p-cymene, R = benzyl derivatives) are regarded as the most cytotoxically potent metal(II) arene antineoplastics, but are oftentimes limited by their poor solubility in aqueous media. Thus, we designed bisphosphonate-functionalized ligands for use in a modular two-step complexation process to synthesize six trithiolato-bridged dinuclear ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) arene complexes bearing one to three bisphosphonate-benzylmercaptane derived ligands. In addition to improved aqueous solubility the high affinity of bisphosphonates towards apatite structures found in bone and bone metastases may grant selective targeting properties to functionalized organometallics. The complex stabilities and hydroxyapatite binding behavior were determined by UV/Vis spectroscopy. The bisphosphonate functionalization decreases antiproliferative activity in vitro, which was correlated to lower cellular accumulation, due to the different lipophilic profiles of the drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph A Riedl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria; Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Alexander Rosner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia Harringer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Salomon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Hejl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria; Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria; Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria; Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Waehringer Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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3
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Harringer S, Wernitznig D, Gajic N, Diridl A, Wenisch D, Hejl M, Jakupec MA, Theiner S, Koellensperger G, Kandioller W, Keppler BK. Introducing N-, P-, and S-donor leaving groups: an investigation of the chemical and biological properties of ruthenium, rhodium and iridium thiopyridone piano stool complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 49:15693-15711. [PMID: 33135027 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03165h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of 15 piano-stool complexes featuring either a RuII, RhIII or IrIII metal center, a bidentate thiopyridone ligand, and different leaving groups was synthesized. The leaving groups were selected in order to cover a broad range of different donor atoms. Thus, 1-methylimidazole served as a N-donor, 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (pta) as a P-donor, and thiourea as a S-donor. Additionally, three complexes featuring different halido leaving groups (Cl, Br, I) were added. Leaving group alterations were carried out with respect to a possible influence on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, as well as the cytotoxicity of the respective compounds. The complexes were characterized via NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (where possible), mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Cytotoxicity was assessed in 2D cultures of human cancer cell lines by microculture and clonogenic assays as well as in multicellular tumor spheroids. Furthermore, cellular accumulation studies, flow-cytometric apoptosis and ROS assays, DNA plasmid assays, and laser ablation ICP-MS studies for analyzing the distribution in sections of multicellular tumor spheroids were conducted. This work demonstrates the importance of investigating each piano-stool complexes' properties, as the most promising candidates showed advantages over each other in certain tests/assays. Thus, it was not possible to single out one lead compound, but rather a group of complexes with enhanced cytotoxicity and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Harringer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Debora Wernitznig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Natalie Gajic
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Andreas Diridl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Dominik Wenisch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Michaela Hejl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria. and Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Theiner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria. and Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria. and Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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4
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Chen S, Yao H, Zhou Q, Tse MK, Gunawan YF, Zhu G. Stability, Reduction, and Cytotoxicity of Platinum(IV) Anticancer Prodrugs Bearing Carbamate Axial Ligands: Comparison with Their Carboxylate Analogues. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11676-11687. [PMID: 32799457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Platinum(IV) complexes containing carboxylate and carbamate ligands at the axial position have been reported previously. A better understanding of the similarity and difference between the two types of ligands will provide us with new insights and more choices to design novel Pt(IV) complexes. In this study, we systematically investigated and compared the properties of Pt(IV) complexes bearing the two types of ligands. Ten pairs of unsymmetric Pt(IV) complexes bearing axial carbamate or carboxylate ligands were synthesized and characterized. The stability of these Pt(IV) complexes in a PBS buffer with or without a reducing agent was investigated, and most of these complexes exhibited good stability. Besides, most Pt(IV) prodrugs with carbamate axial ligands were reduced faster than the corresponding ones with carboxylate ligands. Furthermore, the aqueous solubilities and lipophilicities of these Pt(IV) complexes were tested. All the carbamate complexes showed better aqueous solubility and decreased lipophilicity as compared to those of the corresponding carboxylate complexes, due to the increased polarity of carbamate ligands. Biological properties of these complexes were also evaluated. Many carbamate complexes showed cytotoxicity similar to that of the carboxylate complexes, which may derive from the lower cellular accumulation but faster reduction of the former. Our research highlights the differences between the Pt(IV) prodrugs containing carbamate and carboxylate axial ligands and may contribute to the future rational design of Pt-based anticancer prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China.,City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 5108057, People's Republic of China
| | - Houzong Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China.,City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 5108057, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China.,City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 5108057, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Kit Tse
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuliana F Gunawan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China.,City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 5108057, People's Republic of China
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5
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Fortuño C, Martín A, Mastrorilli P, Latronico M, Petrelli V, Todisco S. Stable mixed-valence diphenylphosphanido bridged platinum(ii)-platinum(iv) complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4935-4955. [PMID: 32232305 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00712a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction between [NnBu4][(C6F5)2PtII(μ-PPh2)2PtIV(C^N)(I)2] (C^N = κ2-N,C-benzoquinolinate, 1) and (i) bidentate S^S, N^S and O^O anionic ligands or (ii) monodentate S- N- or O-based anionic ligands was studied in order to investigate the factors that may guarantee the stability of Pt(ii),Pt(iv) mixed-valence dinuclear phosphanido complexes. While reactions of 1 with S^S or N^S ligands afforded stable Pt(ii),Pt(iv) species of general formula [(C6F5)2PtII(μ-PPh2)2PtIV(C^N)(L^S)]x- [(L^S)(x-1) = 2-mercaptopyrimidinate (pymS-), 2-mercaptopyridinate (pyS-), dimethyldithiocarbamate (Me2NCS2-), ethyl xanthogenate (EtOCS2-) and 1,2-benzenedithiolate (PhS22-)], the reaction of 1 with the O^O ligand sodium acetylacetonate gave several products, and no pure Pt(ii),Pt(iv) complex could be isolated. The reaction of monodentate ligands such as PhS-, OH- or N3- with 1 led to a stable Pt(ii),Pt(iv) complex only in the case of N3-. The reaction with OH- afforded the Pt(ii),Pt(ii) complex [(C6F5)2PtII(μ-PPh2)(κ2-O,P-μ-O-PPh2)PtII(C^N)]- (8) deriving from reductive coupling of a diphenylphosphanide and an O-donor ligand coordinated to the Pt(iv) centre, while the reaction with PhS- produced the unstable Pt(ii),Pt(iv) complex [NnBu4][(C6F5)2PtII(μ-PPh2)2PtIV(C^N)(PhS)2] (11) that evolved in solution to the Pt(ii),Pt(ii) species [NnBu4][(C6F5)2PtII(μ-PPh2)2PtII(C^N)] (9) by elimination of diphenyldisulfide. Thus, the stability of mixed valence Pt(ii),Pt(iv) phosphanide complexes is affected by several concurrent factors, including the chelating effect of the ligands and the type of ligating atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Fortuño
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Antonio Martín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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6
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Berasaluce I, Cseh K, Roller A, Hejl M, Heffeter P, Berger W, Jakupec MA, Kandioller W, Malarek MS, Keppler BK. The First Anticancer Tris(pyrazolyl)borate Molybdenum(IV) Complexes: Tested in Vitro and in Vivo-A Comparison of O,O-, S,O-, and N,N-Chelate Effects. Chemistry 2020; 26:2211-2221. [PMID: 31560142 PMCID: PMC7064950 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and biological activity of molybdenum(IV) complexes containing Trofimenko's scorpionato ligand, hydrotris(3-isopropylpyrazolyl)borate (TpiPr ), in addition to varying biologically active as well as other conventional ligands is described. Ligands employed include (O,O-) (S,O-) (N,N-) donors that have been successfully coordinated to the molybdenum center by means of oxygen-atom transfer (OAT) reactions from the known MoVI starting material, TpiPr MoO2 Cl. The synthesized complexes were characterized by standard analytical methods and where possible by X-ray diffraction analysis. The aqueous stability of the compounds was studied by means of UV/Vis spectroscopy and the impact of the attached ligand scaffolds on the oxidation potentials (MoIV to MoV ) was studied by cyclic voltammetry. Utilizing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a solubilizing agent, adequate aqueous solubility for biological tests was obtained. Anticancer activity tests and preliminary mode of action studies have been performed in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Berasaluce
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Klaudia Cseh
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Alexander Roller
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Michaela Hejl
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Research Cluster ‘Translational Cancer Therapy Research“University of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaBorschkegasse 8a1090ViennaAustria
| | - Walter Berger
- Research Cluster ‘Translational Cancer Therapy Research“University of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaBorschkegasse 8a1090ViennaAustria
| | - Michael A. Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
- Research Cluster ‘Translational Cancer Therapy Research“University of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
- Research Cluster ‘Translational Cancer Therapy Research“University of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Michael S. Malarek
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
- Research Cluster ‘Translational Cancer Therapy Research“University of ViennaWaehringer Straße 421090ViennaAustria
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7
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Höfer D, Cseh K, Hejl M, Roller A, Jakupec MA, Galanski MS, Keppler BK. Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxic activity, and 19F NMR spectroscopic investigations of (OC-6-33)-diacetato(ethane-1,2-diamine)bis(3,3,3-trifluoropropanoato)platinum(IV) and its platinum(II) counterpart. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatography-Based Methods to Assess the Lipophilicity of Cytotoxic Platinum(IV) Complexes. INORGANICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics6040130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipophilicity is a crucial parameter for drug discovery, usually determined by the logarithmic partition coefficient (Log P) between octanol and water. However, the available detection methods have restricted the widespread use of the partition coefficient in inorganic medicinal chemistry, and recent investigations have shifted towards chromatographic lipophilicity parameters, frequently without a conversion to derive Log P. As high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) instruments are readily available to research groups, a HPLC-based method is presented and validated to derive the partition coefficient of a set of 19 structurally diverse and cytotoxic platinum(IV) complexes exhibiting a dynamic range of at least four orders of magnitude. The chromatographic lipophilicity parameters φ0 and Log kw were experimentally determined for the same set of compounds, and a correlation was obtained that allows interconversion between the two lipophilicity scales, which was applied to an additional set of 34 platinum(IV) drug candidates. Thereby, a φ0 = 58 corresponds to Log P = 0. The same approaches were successfully evaluated to determine the distribution coefficient (Log D) of five ionisable platinum(IV) compounds to sample pH-dependent effects on the lipophilicity. This study provides straight-forward HPLC-based methods to determine the lipophilicity of cytotoxic platinum(IV) complexes in the form of Log P and φ0 that can be interconverted and easily expanded to other metal-based compound classes.
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9
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Zhao J, Xu Z, Lin J, Gou S. Exploring the Hydrolytic Behavior of the Platinum(IV) Complexes with Axial Acetato Ligands. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:9851-9859. [PMID: 28771338 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Platinum(IV) complexes are generally thought to be kinetically inert, and are expected to be stable enough to resist premature aquation before entering the cancer cells. Nevertheless, in this work, complex 2 with axial acetato ligands can hydrolyze relatively quickly under biologically relevant conditions with a half-life of 91.7 min, resulting in the loss of the equatorial chlorido ligand. Further study indicated that the fast hydrolysis of complex 2 may be attributed to the strong σ-donor ability of N-isopropyl-1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane, and an increasing σ-donor ability of the amine group can promote the hydrolysis rate of the corresponding platinum(IV) complex. The experiment results were proven by the corresponding DFT calculation. Our study can help to re-evaluate the aqueous properties of the platinum(IV) complexes with axial acetate, which may be less inert to hydrolysis than expected under biologically relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, China.,Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zichen Xu
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, China.,Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Shaohua Gou
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, China.,Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University , Nanjing 211189, China
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10
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Hu W, Fang L, Hua W, Gou S. Biotin-Pt (IV)-indomethacin hybrid: A targeting anticancer prodrug providing enhanced cancer cellular uptake and reversing cisplatin resistance. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 175:47-57. [PMID: 28700961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A Pt(IV) prodrug (2) composed of cancer-targeting biotin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin in the axial positions of the six-coordinated octahedral geometry derived from cisplatin was developed, which could be highly accumulated in cancer cells more than normal ones and activated by endogenous reducing molecules to release cisplatin and indomethacin moieties simultaneously to inhibit tumor progression synergistically. In vitro assays revealed that 2 exhibited significantly selective inhibition to the tested cancer cell lines and sensitivity to cisplatin resistant cancer cells. Moreover, 2 presented cyclooxygenases inhibition properties to reduce tumor-associated inflammation, reduced the invasiveness of the highly aggressive PC-3 cells, and disrupted capillary-like tube formation in EA.hy926 cells. In all, this study offers a new strategy to enhance sensitivity and reduce toxicity of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Hu
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Wuyang Hua
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Shaohua Gou
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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11
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Lippert B, Sanz Miguel PJ. More of a misunderstanding than a real mismatch? Platinum and its affinity for aqua, hydroxido, and oxido ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Hackl CM, Legina MS, Pichler V, Schmidlehner M, Roller A, Dömötör O, Enyedy EA, Jakupec MA, Kandioller W, Keppler BK. Thiomaltol-Based Organometallic Complexes with 1-Methylimidazole as Leaving Group: Synthesis, Stability, and Biological Behavior. Chemistry 2016; 22:17269-17281. [PMID: 27759173 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Thiomaltol, a potential S,O-coordinating molecule, has been utilized for the complexation of four different organometallic fragments, yielding the desired RuII , OsII , RhIII , and IrIII complexes having a "piano-stool" configuration. In addition to the synthesis of these compounds with a chlorido leaving group, the analogous 1-methylimidazole derivatives have been prepared, giving rise to thiomaltol-based organometallics with enhanced stability under physiological conditions. The organometallic compounds have been characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Their behavior in aqueous solution and their interactions with certain amino acids have been studied by ESI mass spectrometry. Their pH-dependent stability has been investigated by 1 H NMR in aqueous solution, and their cytotoxicity against three different cancer cell lines has been investigated. Furthermore, their capacity as topoisomerase IIα inhibitors as well as their effect on the cell cycle distribution and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation have been elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M Hackl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria S Legina
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Pichler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Schmidlehner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Roller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orsolya Dömötör
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Bioinorganic Chemistry Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eva A Enyedy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Dobrova A, Platzer S, Bacher F, Milunovic MNM, Dobrov A, Spengler G, Enyedy ÉA, Novitchi G, Arion VB. Structure-antiproliferative activity studies on l-proline- and homoproline-4-N-pyrrolidine-3-thiosemicarbazone hybrids and their nickel(ii), palladium(ii) and copper(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13427-39. [PMID: 27485263 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02784a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two water-soluble thiosemicarbazone-proline (H2L(1)) and thiosemicarbazone-homoproline hybrids (H2L(2)) were synthesised. By reaction of H2L(1) with NiCl2·6H2O, PdCl2 and CuCl2·2H2O in ethanol, the series of square-planar complexes [Ni(H2L(1))Cl]Cl·1.3H2O (1·1.3H2O), [Pd(H2L(1))Cl]Cl·H2O (2·H2O) and [Cu(H2L(1))Cl]Cl·0.7H2O (3·0.7H2O) was prepared, and starting from H2L(2) and CuCl2·2H2O in methanol, the complex [Cu(H2L(2))Cl2]·H2O (4·H2O) was obtained. The compounds have been characterised by elemental analysis, spectroscopic methods (IR, UV-vis and NMR spectroscopy), ESI mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray crystallography (H2L(1), 1, 2 and 4). As a solid, 1 is diamagnetic, while it is paramagnetic in methanolic solution. The effective magnetic moment of 3.26 B.M. at room temperature indicates the change in coordination geometry from square-planar to octahedral upon dissolution. The in vitro anticancer potency of ligand precursors H2L(1) and H2L(2) and metal complexes 1-4 was studied in three human cancer cell lines (A549, CH1 and SW480) and in noncancerous murine embryonal fibroblasts (NIH/3T3), and the mechanism of cell death was also assayed by flow cytometry. Clear-cut structure-activity relationships have been established. The metal ions exert marked effects in a divergent manner: copper(ii) increases, whereas nickel(ii) and palladium(ii) decrease the cytotoxicity of the hybrids. The antiproliferative activity of H2L(1) and metal complexes 1-3 decreases in all three tumour cell lines in the following rank order: 3 > H2L(1) > 1 > 2. The role of square-planar geometry in the underlying mechanism of cytotoxicity of the metal complexes studied seems to be negligible, while structural modifications at the terminal amino group of thiosemicarbazide and proline moieties are significant for enhancing the antiproliferative activity of both hybrids and copper(ii) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliona Dobrova
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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14
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity of the First Oxaliplatin Pt(IV) Derivative Having a TSPO Ligand in the Axial Position. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071010. [PMID: 27347942 PMCID: PMC4964386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The first Pt(IV) derivative of oxaliplatin carrying a ligand for TSPO (the 18-kDa mitochondrial translocator protein) has been developed. The expression of the translocator protein in the brain and liver of healthy humans is usually low, oppositely to steroid-synthesizing and rapidly proliferating tissues, where TSPO is much more abundant. The novel Pt(IV) complex, cis,trans,cis-[Pt(ethanedioato)Cl{2-(2-(4-(6,8-dichloro-3-(2-(dipropylamino)-2-oxoethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)phenoxy)acetate)-ethanolato}(1R,2R-DACH)] (DACH = diaminocyclohexane), has been fully characterized by spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques and tested in vitro against human MCF7 breast carcinoma, U87 glioblastoma, and LoVo colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. In addition, affinity for TSPO (IC50 = 18.64 nM), cellular uptake (ca. 2 times greater than that of oxaliplatin in LoVo cancer cells, after 24 h treatment), and perturbation of cell cycle progression were investigated. Although the new compound was less active than oxaliplatin and did not exploit a synergistic proapoptotic effect due to the presence of the TSPO ligand, it appears to be promising in a receptor-mediated drug targeting context towards TSPO-overexpressing tumors, in particular colorectal cancer (IC50 = 2.31 μM after 72 h treatment).
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15
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Henke H, Kryeziu K, Banfić J, Theiner S, Körner W, Brüggemann O, Berger W, Keppler BK, Heffeter P, Teasdale I. Macromolecular Pt(IV) Prodrugs from Poly(organo)phosphazenes. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:1239-1249. [PMID: 27169668 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of novel macromolecular prodrugs via the conjugation of two platinum(IV) complexes to suitably functionalized poly(organo)phosphazenes is presented. The inorganic/organic polymers provide carriers with controlled dimensions due to the use of living cationic polymerization and allow the preparation of conjugates with excellent aqueous solubility but long-term hydrolytic degradability. The macromolecular Pt(IV) prodrugs are designed to undergo intracellular reduction and simultaneous release from the macromolecular carrier to present the active Pt(II) drug derivatives. In vitro investigations show a significantly enhanced intracellular uptake of Pt for the macromolecular prodrugs when compared to small molecule Pt complexes, which is also reflected in an increase in cytotoxicity. Interestingly, drug-resistant sublines also show a significantly smaller resistance against the conjugates compared to clinically established platinum drugs, indicating that an alternative uptake route of the Pt(IV) conjugates might also be able to overcome acquired resistance against Pt(II) drugs. In vivo studies of a selected conjugate show improved tumor shrinkage compared to the respective Pt(IV) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Henke
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Kushtrim Kryeziu
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jelena Banfić
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Theiner
- Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research," University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Körner
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Brüggemann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research," University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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16
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Hoffmeister BR, Hejl M, Adib-Razavi MS, Jakupec MA, Galanski M, Keppler BK. Bis- and Tetrakis(carboxylato)platinum(IV) complexes with mixed axial ligands - synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity. Chem Biodivers 2016; 12:559-74. [PMID: 25879501 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A series of twelve novel diamminetetrakis(carboxylato)platinum(IV) and 18 novel bis(carboxylato)dichlorido(ethane-1,2-diamine)platinum(IV) complexes with mixed axial carboxylato ligands was synthesized and characterized by multinuclear (1) H-, (13) C-, (15) N-, and (195) Pt-NMR spectroscopy. Their cytotoxic potential was evaluated (by MTT assay) against three human cancer cell lines derived from ovarian teratocarcinoma (CH1/PA-1), lung (A549), and colon carcinoma (SW480). In the cisplatin-sensitive CH1/PA-1 cancer cell line, diamminetetrakis(carboxylato)platinum(IV) complexes showed IC50 values in the low micromolar range, whereas, for the most lipophilic compounds of the bis(carboxylato)dichlorido(ethane-1,2-diamine)platinum(IV) series, IC50 values in the nanomolar range were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn R Hoffmeister
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, AT-1090 Vienna (phone: +43-1-427752600; fax: +43-1-427752680)
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17
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Höfer D, Varbanov HP, Legin A, Jakupec MA, Roller A, Galanski MS, Keppler BK. Tetracarboxylatoplatinum(IV) complexes featuring monodentate leaving groups - A rational approach toward exploiting the platinum(IV) prodrug strategy. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 153:259-271. [PMID: 26365319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel symmetrically and unsymmetrically coordinated platinum(IV) complexes with monodentate carboxylato ligands was synthesized. The compounds exhibit a general coordination sphere of [Pt(en)(OCOR)2(OCOR')(OCOR″)], where the carboxylato ligands are represented by acetato and succinic acid monoester ligands. Dicarboxylatoplatinum(II) complexes were synthesized and oxidized symmetrically or unsymmetrically to obtain platinum(IV) complexes, which were subsequently carboxylated with noncyclic anhydrides. The compounds were investigated in detail by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, infrared and multinuclear ((1)H, (13)C, (15)N, (195)Pt) NMR spectroscopy as well as by X-ray diffraction in some cases. The reduction behavior was followed by NMR spectroscopy, while stability and lipophilicity were examined by analytical reversed phase HPLC measurements. Cytotoxic properties were studied in three human cancer cell lines derived from cisplatin sensitive ovarian teratocarcinoma (CH1/PA-1), cisplatin insensitive colon carcinoma (SW480) and non-small cell lung cancer (A549). Thereby, the most lipophilic (yet water soluble) platinum(IV) complexes showed promising IC50 values in the low micromolar and even nanomolar range, demonstrating the significant advantage of using equatorially coordinated monodentate carboxylato ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Höfer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hristo P Varbanov
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Anton Legin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Roller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathea S Galanski
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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18
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Han X, Sun J, Wang Y, He Z. Recent Advances in Platinum (IV) Complex-Based Delivery Systems to Improve Platinum (II) Anticancer Therapy. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:1268-99. [PMID: 26280923 DOI: 10.1002/med.21360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin and its platinum (Pt) (II) derivatives play a key role in the fight against various human cancers such as testicular, ovarian, head and neck, lung tumors. However, their application in clinic is limited due to dose- dependent toxicities and acquired drug resistances, which have prompted extensive research effort toward the development of more effective Pt (II) delivery strategies. The synthesis of Pt (IV) complex is one such an area of intense research fields, which involves their in vivo conversion into active Pt (II) molecules under the reducing intracellular environment, and has demonstrated encouraging preclinical and clinical outcomes. Compared with Pt (II) complexes, Pt (IV) complexes not only exhibit an increased stability and reduced side effects, but also facilitate the intravenous-to-oral switch in cancer chemotherapy. The overview briefly analyzes statuses of Pt (II) complex that are in clinical use, and then focuses on the development of Pt (IV) complexes. Finally, recent advances in Pt (IV) complexes in combination with nanocarriers are highlighted, addressing the shortcomings of Pt (IV) complexes, such as their instability in blood and irreversibly binding to plasma proteins and nonspecific distribution, and taking advantage of passive and active targeting effect to improve Pt (II) anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.,Municipal Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
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19
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Hoffmeister BR, Hejl M, Jakupec MA, Galanski M, Keppler BK. Bis- and Tris(carboxylato)platinum(IV) Complexes with Mixed Am(m)ine Ligands in thetransPosition Exhibiting Exceptionally High Cytotoxicity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201403226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Savić A, Filipović L, Aranđelović S, Dojčinović B, Radulović S, Sabo TJ, Grgurić-Šipka S. Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic activity of novel platinum(II) iodido complexes. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 82:372-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Chin CF, Yap SQ, Li J, Pastorin G, Ang WH. Ratiometric delivery of cisplatin and doxorubicin using tumour-targeting carbon-nanotubes entrapping platinum(iv) prodrugs. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc53106f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A hydrophobic platinum(iv) prodrug was entrapped in tumour-targeting multiwalled carbon nanotubes for synchronous and ratiometric delivery of drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee Fei Chin
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Siew Qi Yap
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pharmacy
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Giorgia Pastorin
- Department of Pharmacy
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering
- Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS)
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543, Singapore
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22
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Wilson JJ, Lippard SJ. Synthetic methods for the preparation of platinum anticancer complexes. Chem Rev 2013; 114:4470-95. [PMID: 24283498 DOI: 10.1021/cr4004314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 487] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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23
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Pichler V, Mayr J, Heffeter P, Dömötör O, Enyedy ÉA, Hermann G, Groza D, Köllensperger G, Galanksi M, Berger W, Keppler BK, Kowol CR. Maleimide-functionalised platinum(IV) complexes as a synthetic platform for targeted drug delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:2249-2251. [PMID: 23396381 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc39258a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Maleimide-functionalised Pt(IV) complexes with highly selective binding properties to thiol groups were synthesised as precursors for binding of thiol-containing tumour-targeting molecules like human serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Pichler
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Mayr
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research" University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orsolya Dömötör
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva A Enyedy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gerrit Hermann
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Diana Groza
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunda Köllensperger
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Galanksi
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research" University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.,Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research" University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
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24
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Pichler V, Göschl S, Meier SM, Roller A, Jakupec MA, Galanski M, Keppler BK. Bulky N(,N)-(di)alkylethane-1,2-diamineplatinum(II) compounds as precursors for generating unsymmetrically substituted platinum(IV) complexes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8151-62. [PMID: 23790208 DOI: 10.1021/ic400816g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Investigations of the influence of bulky groups in the equatorial ligand sphere of platinum(IV) compounds on the complexes' stability and reaction pattern were performed. Four dihydroxidoplatinum(IV) complexes were reacted with anhydrides, cinnamoyl chloride, and n-propyl isocyanate and yielded the symmetric dicarboxylated products or, if steric hindrance was observed, unsymmetrically substituted monocarboxylated analogues. With the aim of raising the steric demand, the following ligands were chosen: N-cyclohexylethane-1,2-diamine, N,N-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine, N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine, and N,N-diisopropylethane-1,2-diamine. All of the novel complexes were characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and reversed-phase HPLC; complexes B3, C3, C6, and D4 were also analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Additionally, the cytotoxicities of 10 compounds toward the cisplatin-sensitive cell line CH1 and the intrinsically cisplatin-resistant cell lines A549 and SW480 were investigated, and IC50 values down to the nanomolar range were found. To aid in the interpretation of structure-activity relationships, log k(w) values as a measure for the lipophilicity were determined for all of the new complexes, and the rates of reduction of C1, C3, and C4 relative to satraplatin were determined by means of NMR spectroscopy and ESI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Pichler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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25
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Banfic J, Adib-Razavi MS, Galanski M, Keppler BK. Platinum(IV) Complexes Featuring Axial (1, 4-13C2)Succinato Ligands - Synthesis, Characterization, and Preliminary Investigations in Cancer Cell Lysates. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Hoffmeister BR, Adib-Razavi MS, Jakupec MA, Galanski M, Keppler BK. Diamminetetrakis(carboxylato)platinum(IV) complexes--synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity. Chem Biodivers 2013; 9:1840-8. [PMID: 22976974 PMCID: PMC3499686 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of eight novel diamminetetrakis(carboxylato)platinum(IV) complexes was synthesized and characterized by multinuclear 1H-, 13C-, 15N-, and 195Pt-NMR spectroscopy. Their antiproliferative potency was evaluated in three human cancer cell lines representing ovarian (CH1), lung (A549), and colon carcinoma (SW480). In cisplatin-sensitive CH1 cancer cells, cytotoxicity was found in the low micromolar range, whereas, in inherently cisplatin-resistant A549 and SW480 cells, the activity was very low or negligible. Astonishingly, raise in lipophilicity of the complexes, as found in the case of cisplatin analogs, did not result in a significant enhancement of the cytotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn R Hoffmeister
- University of Vienna, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 42, AT-1090 Vienna
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27
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Zhang JZ, Bonnitcha P, Wexselblatt E, Klein AV, Najajreh Y, Gibson D, Hambley TW. Facile preparation of mono-, di- and mixed-carboxylato platinum(IV) complexes for versatile anticancer prodrug design. Chemistry 2012; 19:1672-6. [PMID: 23255183 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Facile strategies were developed for the versatile functionalization of platinum(IV) axial sites, allowing for easy accessibility to unsymmetric mono- and mixed-carboxylato, as well as symmetric di-substituted platinum(IV) complexes. The first method involves the direct oxidation and carboxylation of the platinum(II) center using an appropriate peroxide and the carboxylate of choice to firstly yield a monocarboxylato monohydroxido platinum(IV) complex. This platinum(IV) intermediate can undergo further carboxylation to give rise to a mixed-carboxylato platinum(IV) complex. The second method involves the activation of the carboxylate of choice by a common carbodiimide coupling reagent, and its reaction with a dihydroxido platinum(IV) precursor to give the monocarboxylato platinum(IV) complex. Uronium salts can be employed to promote efficient dicarboxylation of the dihydroxido platinum(IV) precursor. Lastly, an axial azide pendant group was demonstrated to be suitable for orthogonal "click" conjugation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Z Zhang
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia
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28
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Pichler V, Heffeter P, Valiahdi SM, Kowol CR, Egger A, Berger W, Jakupec MA, Galanski M, Keppler BK. Unsymmetric mono- and dinuclear platinum(IV) complexes featuring an ethylene glycol moiety: synthesis, characterization, and biological activity. J Med Chem 2012. [PMID: 23194425 DOI: 10.1021/jm301645g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Eight novel mononuclear and two dinuclear platinum(IV) complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and reversed-phase HPLC (log k(w)) and in one case by X-ray diffraction. Cytotoxicity of the compounds was studied in three human cancer cell lines (CH1, SW480, and A549) by means of the MTT assay, featuring IC(50) values to the low micromolar range. Furthermore a selected set of compounds was investigated in additional cancer cell lines (P31 and P31/cis, A2780 and A2780/cis, SW1573, 2R120, and 2R160) with regard to their resistance patterns, offering a distinctly different scheme compared to cisplatin. To gain further insights into the mode of action, drug uptake, DNA synthesis inhibition, cell cycle effects, and induction of apoptosis were determined for two characteristic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Pichler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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29
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Chin CF, Tian Q, Setyawati MI, Fang W, Tan ESQ, Leong DT, Ang WH. Tuning the Activity of Platinum(IV) Anticancer Complexes through Asymmetric Acylation. J Med Chem 2012; 55:7571-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jm300580y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chee Fei Chin
- Department
of Chemistry, National
University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Quan Tian
- Department
of Chemistry, National
University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Magdiel Inggrid Setyawati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive
4, 117576 Singapore
| | - Wanru Fang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive
4, 117576 Singapore
| | - Emelyn Sue Qing Tan
- Department
of Chemistry, National
University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive
4, 117576 Singapore
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department
of Chemistry, National
University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
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