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Abdel Haleem MI, Khater HF, Edris SN, Taie HAA, Abdel Gawad SM, Hassan NA, El-Far AH, Magdy Y, Elbasuni SS. Bioefficacy of dietary inclusion of Nannochloropsis oculata on Eimeria spp. challenged chicks: clinical approaches, meat quality, and molecular docking. Avian Pathol 2024; 53:199-217. [PMID: 38285881 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2312133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Although anticoccidial drugs have been used to treat avian coccidiosis for nearly a century, resistance, bird harm, and food residues have caused health concerns. Thus, Nannochloropsis oculata was investigated as a possible coccidiosis treatment for broilers. A total of 150 1-day-old male Cobb broiler chicks were treated as follows: G1-Ng: fed a basal diet; G2-Ps: challenged with Eimeria spp. oocysts and fed basal diet; G3-Clo: challenged and fed basal diet with clopidol; G4-NOa: challenged and fed 0.1% N. oculata in diet, and G5-NOb: challenged and fed 0.2% N. oculata. Compared to G2-Ps, N. oculata in the diet significantly (P < 0.05) decreased dropping scores, lesion scores, and oocyst shedding. Without affecting breast meat colour metrics, N. oculata improved meat quality characters. At 28 days of age, birds received 0.2% N. oculata had significantly (P < 0.05) higher serum levels of MDA, T-SOD, HDL, and LDL cholesterol compared to G2-Ps. Serum AST, ALT, and urea levels were all decreased when N. oculata (0.2%) was used as opposed to G2-Ps. Histopathological alterations and the number of developmental and degenerative stages of Eimeria spp. in the intestinal epithelium were dramatically reduced by 0.2% N. oculata compared to G2-Ps. Molecular docking revealed a higher binding affinity of N. oculata for E. tenella aldolase, EtAMA1, and EtMIC3, which hindered glucose metabolism, host cell adhesion, and invasion of Eimeria. Finally, N. oculata (0.2%) can be used in broiler diets to mitigate the deleterious effects of coccidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa I Abdel Haleem
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hanem F Khater
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Shimaa N Edris
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hanan A A Taie
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Samah M Abdel Gawad
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Nibal A Hassan
- Department of Biology, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Pathology Department, Giza, Egypt
- College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen Magdy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Sawsan S Elbasuni
- Department of Avian and Rabbit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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El-Ratel IT, El-Kholy KH, Mousa NA, El-Said EA. Impacts of selenium nanoparticles and spirulina alga to alleviate the deleterious effects of heat stress on reproductive efficiency, oxidative capacity and immunity of doe rabbits. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3519-3532. [PMID: 36688617 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2168198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Effects of dietary inclusion of spirulina platensis (SP) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) combination (SP-SeNPs) on the reproductive performance in vivo and in vitro, reproductive and metabolic hormones, hemato-bichemical parameters, oxidative stress, and immunity of heat-stressed doe rabbis were evaluated. All supplements significantly increased live litter size at birth and weaning, viability rate at birth, hemoglobin and red blood cells, and plasma T3, T4, insulin, total proteins and albumin compared with control. Plasma estradiol 17-β (pre-mating), progesterone (mid-pregnancy), and prolactin (day -7 postpartum) were significantly increased only by SeNPs (0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mg/kg). All dietary supplements significantly reduced WBCs, cortisol, lipid profile, and improved liver and kidney functions. Immunoglobulins levels, antioxidants capacity were significantly increased, superoxide dismutase was increased by SeNPs (0.4 and 0.5 mg/kg), while malondialdehyde was reduced by 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 SeNPs mg/kg. Sexual receptivity, pregnancy rate, viability rate at weaning, ovulation rate, and embryo quality were significantly increased by increasing SeNPs above 0.1 mg, while embryo yield was increased by >0.2 mg SeNPs/kg. A combination of SP and SeNPs, could be potentially used as a strong antioxidant to enhance heat regulation and doe rabbit reproduction via improving reproductive and metabolic hormones, antioxidant status and immunological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim T El-Ratel
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Khaled H El-Kholy
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Nawal A Mousa
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Eman A El-Said
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
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Arrari F, Jabri MA, Ayari A, Dakhli N, Ben Fayala C, Boubaker S, Sebai H. Chromatographic Analyses of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and Mechanism of Its Protective Effects against Experimental Obesity and Hepatic Steatosis in Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1823. [PMID: 37893541 PMCID: PMC10608300 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obesity is currently a major health problem due to fatty acid accumulation and excess intake of energy, which leads to an increase in oxidative stress, particularly in the liver. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the protective effects of spirulina (SP) against cafeteria diet (CD)-induced obesity, oxidative stress, and lipotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into four groups and received daily treatments for eight weeks as follows: control group fed a standard diet (SD 360 g/d); cafeteria diet group (CD 360 g/d); spirulina group (SP 500 mg/kg); and CD + SP group (500 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) according to body weight (b.w.) per oral (p.o.). Results: Our results show that treatment with a CD increased the weights of the body, liver, and abdominal fat. Additionally, severe hepatic alteration, disturbances in the metabolic parameters of serum, and lipotoxicity associated with oxidative stress in response to the CD-induced obesity were observed. However, SP treatment significantly reduced the liver alteration of CD feed and lipid profile disorder associated with obesity. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that spirulina has a marked potential therapeutic effect against obesity and mitigates disturbances in liver function parameters, histological alterations, and oxidative stress status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Arrari
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Ala Ayari
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Nouha Dakhli
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Chayma Ben Fayala
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathological Anatomy, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathological Anatomy, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
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Mahmoud NA, Hassanein EHM, Bakhite EA, Shaltout ES, Sayed AM. Apocynin and its chitosan nanoparticles attenuated cisplatin-induced multiorgan failure: Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation. Life Sci 2023; 314:121313. [PMID: 36565813 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is an effective chemotherapeutic drug that has been used successfully in treating various tumors. Although its higher antineoplastic agent activity, CDDP exhibited severe side effects that limit its use. CDDP-induced toxicity is attributed to oxidative stress and inflammation. Apocynin (APO) is a bioactive phytochemical with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, pharmaceutical experts face significant hurdles due to the limited bioavailability and quick elimination of APO. Therefore, we synthesized a chitosan (CTS)-based nano delivery system using the ionic gelation method to enhance APO bioactivity. CTS-APO-NPs were characterized using different physical and chemical approaches, including FTIR, XRD, TGA, Zeta-sizer, SEM, and TEM. In addition, the protective effect of CTS-APO-NPs against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and cardiotoxicity in rats was evaluated. CTS-APO-NPs restored serum biomarkers and antioxidants to their normal levels. Also, histopathological examination was used to assess the recovery of heart, kidney, and liver tissues. CTS-APO-NPs attenuated the oxidative stress mediated by Nrf2 activation while it dampened inflammation mediated by NF-κB suppression. CTS-APO-NPs is a potentially attractive target for more therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahed A Mahmoud
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
| | - Etify A Bakhite
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Eman S Shaltout
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt.
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Bazmandegan G, Kamiab Z, Shafiei A, Khademalhosseini M, Kaeidi A. Calcium Dobesilate Ameliorates Cisplatin-induced Hepatotoxicity by Inhibiting Liver Oxidative Stress in Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e126613. [PMID: 38116553 PMCID: PMC10728838 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-126613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Cisplatin has potent antitumor properties. It has several toxic side effects, such as hepatotoxicity. It is thought that hepatotoxicity induced by cisplatin is caused by oxidative stress. Objectives It has shown that calcium dobesilate (CD) has potent antioxidant properties. The present study aimed to assess CD protective effects on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Methods In this study, 28 mice were selected randomly and were divided into four groups, including control, cisplatin (20 mg/kg, i.p., only on the first day of the experiment), Cisplatin+CD 50 (50 mg/kg CD, orally), and Cisplatin+CD 100 (cisplatin with 100 mg/kg CD, orally). A 4-day oral gavage of CD was applied to the treated groups. The mice were sacrificed on the 5th day, and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activity levels in liver tissue were evaluated. Histopathological evaluation was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin-stained liver tissue sections. Results The results indicated that there was a significant increase in GSPT, SGOT, ALP, and MDA and also a significant reduction in the liver activity of SOD and GPx in cisplatin-treated animals. Treatment with CD (100 mg/kg) remarkably attenuated the GSPT, SGOT, ALP, MDA, and ROS levels. Moreover, CD (100 mg/kg) elevated the SOD and GPx activity in the liver tissue of cisplatin-treated mice. Conclusions The findings showed that CD has a protective effect against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity, at least by improving the antioxidant parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Bazmandegan
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Kamiab
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Amirmohammad Shafiei
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Morteza Khademalhosseini
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Effect of Dietary Blue-Green Microalgae Inclusion as a Replacement to Soybean Meal on Laying Hens' Performance, Egg Quality, Plasma Metabolites, and Hematology. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202816. [PMID: 36290201 PMCID: PMC9597824 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirulina platensisis (SP) is a blue-green microalgae with a high value for animal and poultry nutrition. The study employed 250 40-week-old, HY-Line W-36 commercial laying hens. The layers received one of five experimental diet substitutes in five groups for 10 consecutive weeks (five replicates of 10 hens each group); a soybean-corn basal diet formulation without SP (Control group) or the soybean partially substituted with 3% SP, 6% SP, 9% SP, and 12% SP (for the remaining four groups). The results showed that dietary SP treatment significantly (p < 0.05) improved the productive performance, egg quality, blood metabolites, and hematological parameters of laying hens. In addition, there were linear and quadratic effects for increasing the levels of SP inclusion into the layer diets; however, the highest values of most parameters were observed when using 9% SP (90 g/kg of the layer diets). Furthermore, the results showed that 4.7% of the soybean meal ingredient in the layer diet could be replaced by 1% of SP. In conclusion, the partial replacement of soybean meal by SP into layer diets could be used as a promising nutritional approach to optimize the performance of laying hens.
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Mittal D, Singh A, Kohli K, Verma AK. Engineering biosafe cisplatin loaded nanostructured lipid carrier: optimisation, synthesis, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. J Microencapsul 2022; 39:522-538. [PMID: 36327982 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2022.2131919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Low aqueous solubility, adverse effects of Cisplatin includes hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity necessitates development of nanoparticulate drug delivery. The study pertains to development of CisNLC (Cisplatin loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier) by ultrasonication. Physical characterisation includes particle size, zeta potential, TEM, SEM-EDX, DSC. Its ex vivo biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution along with acute toxicity induced oxidative stress in Balb/c mice were evaluated. The mean particle diameter of CisNLC was observed to be 141.5 ± 3.86 nm with zeta potential of -41.5 ± 1.62 mV. In vitro release studies at pH 7.4 and 5.8 showed burst release following a sustained release pattern post-72 h. CisNLC showed anticancer efficacy against PA-1. Negligible ex vivo haemolysis indicated bio-compatibility. Improved pharmacokinetics of CisNLC was observed. Acute toxicity and oxidative stress evaluation proved negligible toxicity by CisNLC. The formulated CisNLC had a good physical stability, biocompatible, indicated enhanced circulation and caused negligible toxicity on liver and kidney as compared to pure Cis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha Mittal
- Nanobiotech Lab, Department of Zoology, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Archu Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Kamra Verma
- Nanobiotech Lab, Department of Zoology, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Mitigating the Growth, Biochemical Changes, Genotoxic and Pathological Effects of Copper Toxicity in Broiler Chickens by Supplementing Vitamins C and E. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061811. [PMID: 34204508 PMCID: PMC8234185 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Copper (Cu) is a trace element necessary for biological utility; nevertheless, it can produce significant harmful impacts when existing in abundance. This study examined the efficiency of vitamin C and vitamin E in alleviating the biochemical, genotoxicity, and pathological alterations in the liver induced by copper sulfate (CuSO4) toxicity in chickens. The broilers were fed on five experimental diets; basal diet with no additives or basal diets supplemented with 300 mg CuSO4/kg, CuSO4 + 250 mg Vit. C/kg diet, CuSO4 + 250 mg Vit. E/kg diet, CuSO4 + 250 mg Vit. C/kg diet + 250 mg Vit. E/kg diet for six weeks. The obtained results suggested that addition of vitamin C and E, especially in combination, was beneficial for alleviating the harmful effects of CuSO4 toxicity on growth performance and liver histoarchitecture in broiler chickens. Abstract This experiment was carried out to explore the efficiency of an individual or combined doses of vitamin C (Vit. C) and vitamin E (Vit. E) in alleviating biochemical, genotoxicity, and pathological changes in the liver induced by copper sulfate (CuSO4) toxicity in broiler chickens. Two hundred and fifty-one-day-old broiler chicks were haphazardly allotted into five groups (five replicates/group, ten chicks/replicate). The birds were fed five experimental diets; (1) basal diet with no additives (CON), (2) basal diets supplemented with 300 mg CuSO4/kg diet (CuSO4), (3) basal diets supplemented with 300 mg CuSO4/kg diet + 250 mg Vit. C /kg diet, (4) basal diets supplemented with 300 mg CuSO4/kg diet +250 mg Vit. E /kg diet, (5) basal diets supplemented with 300 mg CuSO4/kg diet + 250 mg Vit. C /kg diet + 250 mg Vit. E /kg diet for six weeks. The results displayed that CuSO4-intoxicated birds had significantly (p < 0.05) decreased bodyweight, weight gain, and feed intake with increased feed conversion ratio from the 2nd week till the 6th week compared with the CON. However, these changes were minimized by single or combined supplementation of vitamin C and E. The FCR was insignificantly different in birds-fed diets complemented with vitamin C and E singly or in combination from the 3rd week of age compared to the CON. Serum aminotransferases (ALT, AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were elevated in CuSO4-intoxicated birds (p < 0.05). Additionally, they showed a drop in serum total protein (TP), albumin, globulins, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels compared to the CON (p < 0.05). Concomitantly, histopathological and DNA changes were perceived in the liver of CuSO4-intoxicated birds. Co-supplementation of Vit. C and Vit. E single-handedly or combined with CuSO4-intoxicated chickens enhanced the performance traits and abovementioned changes, especially with those given combinations of vitamins. From the extant inquiry, it could be established that supplementation of vitamin C and E was beneficial for mitigating the harmful effects of CuSO4 toxicity on growth performance and liver histoarchitecture in broiler chickens.
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Tchounwou PB, Dasari S, Noubissi FK, Ray P, Kumar S. Advances in Our Understanding of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Cisplatin in Cancer Therapy. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:303-328. [PMID: 33776489 PMCID: PMC7987268 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s267383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs have been used extensively for the treatment of human cancers such as bladder, blood, breast, cervical, esophageal, head and neck, lung, ovarian, testicular cancers, and sarcoma. Cisplatin is commonly administered intravenously as a first-line chemotherapy for patients suffering from various malignancies. Upon absorption into the cancer cell, cisplatin interacts with cellular macromolecules and exerts its cytotoxic effects through a series of biochemical mechanisms by binding to Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and forming intra-strand DNA adducts leading to the inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell growth. Its primary molecular mechanism of action has been associated with the induction of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis resulting from the production of reactive oxygen species through lipid peroxidation, activation of various signal transduction pathways, induction of p53 signaling and cell cycle arrest, upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes/proteins, and down-regulation of proto-oncogenes and anti-apoptotic genes/proteins. Despite great clinical outcomes, many studies have reported substantial side effects associated with cisplatin monotherapy, while others have shown substantial drug resistance in some cancer patients. Hence, new formulations and several combinational therapies with other drugs have been tested for the purpose of improving the clinical utility of cisplatin. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms of action in cancer therapy and discusses the therapeutic approaches to overcome cisplatin resistance and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Tchounwou
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Shaloam Dasari
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Felicite K Noubissi
- Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory, NIH-RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Paresh Ray
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Earth, Biological, and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, India
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Habib SA, Abdelrahman RS, Abdel Rahim M, Suddek GM. Anti-apoptotic effect of vinpocetine on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: The role of Annexin-V, Caspase-3, and Bax. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22555. [PMID: 32578916 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic damage is one of the most common complications related to cisplatin (Cis) use. Recently, liver protection lines are being discovered to avoid hepatic cell death as a result of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic disturbance. Limited data reported the hepatoprotective effect of vinpocetine (Vin) in acute liver injury models. This study was designed to determine the potential protective effect of Vin (10-30 mg/kg, orally) against Cis-induced liver injury (10 mg/kg, IP) in mice. Vin administration for 1 week before Cis injection until the end of the experiment. On the 6th day after Cis injection, mice were anesthetized, blood and tissue samples were collected. Hepatic function, histological changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic markers were investigated. Vin administration ameliorated liver injury as indicated by decreased liver injury parameters; serum aminotransferases, ALK-P, GGT, and bilirubin, restored the anti-oxidant status by decrease MDA and NOx , and increased GSH and SOD, inhibited inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α, NFκB-p65, and iNOS) and apoptosis (Annexin-V, Bax, and Caspase-3) parameters. Vin confers dose-dependent protection against Cis-induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective effect of Vin involved anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rehab S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Abdel Rahim
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Wollina U, Voicu C, Gianfaldoni S, Lotti T, França K, Tchernev G. Arthrospira Platensis - Potential in Dermatology and Beyond. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:176-180. [PMID: 29484021 PMCID: PMC5816296 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for natural products with benefits for health in general and of potential for treating human disease has gained wider interest world-wide. Here, we analyse current data on the microalga Arthrospira platensis (AP), that has been used in nutrition since ancient times in Fare East and African communities, for medical purposes with a focus on dermatology. Extracts of AP have been investigated in vitro and in vivo. The alga is rich in proteins, lipopolysaccharides and gamma-linolenic acid. AP extracts, phycocyanin compounds and polysaccharide calcium spirulan (Ca-SP) have been evaluated in various models. It could be demonstrated, that AP has significant antioxidant activity, prevents viruses from entry into target cells and inhibits the colonisation of wounds by multi-resistant bacteria. Furthermore, anti-cancer activity was documented in models of oral cancer, melanoma, and UV-induced non-melanoma skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Wollina
- Städtisches Klinikum Dresden - Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Cristiana Voicu
- Polisano Clinic - Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Piscului 16, Corbeanca, Ilfov 077065, Romania
| | - Serena Gianfaldoni
- University G. Marconi of Rome - Dermatology and Venereology, Rome, Italy
| | - Torello Lotti
- University G. Marconi of Rome - Dermatology and Venereology, Rome, Italy
| | - Katlein França
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences; Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Georgi Tchernev
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatologic Surgery, Medical Institute of Ministry of Interior, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Onkoderma, Policlinic for Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Aissaoui O, Amiali M, Bouzid N, Belkacemi K, Bitam A. Effect of Spirulina platensis ingestion on the abnormal biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in the pancreas and liver of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1304-1312. [PMID: 28274159 PMCID: PMC6130544 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1300820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Previous studies have shown that Spirulina platensis Gomont (Phormidiaceae) (SP) extract has beneficial effects on many disease conditions. The putative protective effects of SP were investigated in diabetic rats. OBJECTIVE The current study investigates the antioxidant effects of SP in diabetic Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally administrated to induce diabetes. An aqueous suspension of SP powder in distillate water (10% w/v) was administrated orally by gavage (1 mL/day) for 50 days. Histopathological, biochemical and antioxidant analyses were performed. Glycemia, liver function and HOMA-IR were assessed using Spinreact and ELISA kits. RESULTS SP exhibited high-antioxidant activity. The IC50 values of the SP aqueous extract were 70.40 and 45.69 mg/L compared to those of the standard antioxidant BHT, which were 27.97 and 19.77 mg/L, for the DPPH and ABTS tests, respectively. The diabetic animals showed a significant increase in glycaemia (from 4.05 to 4.28 g/L) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (50.17 mmol/g protein) levels. Treatment with SP significantly reduced glycaemia by 79% and liver function markers [glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and alkaline phosphatase (Alk-p)]) by 25, 36 and 20%, respectively, compared to that of the controls. There was a significant increase in superoxide dismutase (48%), total antioxidant status (43%), glutathione peroxidase (37%) and glutathione reductase (16%) in the diabetic rats treated with SP. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results showed that SP has high antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging, antihyperglycemic and hepatoprotective effects in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourida Aissaoui
- Food Technology and Human Nutrition Laboratory, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Malek Amiali
- Food Technology and Human Nutrition Laboratory, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nora Bouzid
- Department of Anapathology, CHU Parnet, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Khaled Belkacemi
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri-Food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arezki Bitam
- Food Technology and Human Nutrition Laboratory, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), Algiers, Algeria
- CONTACT Arezki BitamFood Technology and Human Nutrition Laboratory, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
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Gargouri M, Magné C, El Feki A. Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, liver damage and dysfunction in alloxan-induced diabetic rat are prevented by Spirulina supplementation. Nutr Res 2016; 36:1255-1268. [PMID: 27865613 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have long been used against life-threatening diseases including diabetes, with more or less success. Some of these plants have been shown to possess antioxidant activities, which could help improving diabetes inconveniences. In that context, we investigated the effects of spirulina supplementation on alloxan-induced diabetic rats, hypothesizing that co-administration of spirulina with rat diet could ameliorate diabetes complications and provide as benefits as the common antidiabetic insulin. Following alloxan treatment, male Wistar rats were fed daily with 5% spirulina-enriched diet or treated with insulin (0.5 IU/rat) for 21 days. Both spirulina and insulin treatments of diabetic rats resulted in a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose and an increase of glycogen level. Spirulina supplementation also impeded loss of body weight and ameliorated hepatic toxicity indices, i.e. alkaline phosphatases and transaminases activities, bilirubin levels and lipid peroxidation. Besides, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased in the serum. Moreover, diabetic rats fed with spirulina exhibited sig changes in antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver (ie, decrease in superoxide dismutase and increase in catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities). The beneficial effects of spirulina or insulin were confirmed by histological study of the liver of diabetic rats. Overall, this study indicates that treatment with spirulina decreased hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetic rats, this amelioration being even more pronounced than that provided by insulin injection. Therefore, administration of this alga would be very helpful in the prevention of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Gargouri
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, BP 3038, Sfax, Tunisia; EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.
| | - Christian Magné
- EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, Faculty of Sciences, University of Western Brittany, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, BP 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Cagin YF, Erdogan MA, Sahin N, Parlakpinar H, Atayan Y, Polat A, Vardi N, Yildiz A, Tanbek K. Protective Effects of Apocynin on Cisplatin-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Arch Med Res 2015; 46:517-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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15
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Tuan BT, Visacri MB, Amaral LS, Baldini D, Ferrari GB, Quintanilha JCF, Pincinato EC, Mazzola PG, Lima CSP, Moriel P. Effects of High-Dose Cisplatin Chemotherapy and Conventional Radiotherapy on Urinary Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 118:83-6. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna T. Tuan
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
| | | | - Laís S. Amaral
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
| | - Daniele Baldini
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
| | | | | | - Eder C. Pincinato
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
- Department of Biological and Health Science Center; Mackenzie Presbyterian University; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Priscila G. Mazzola
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
| | - Carmen S. P. Lima
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
| | - Patricia Moriel
- Faculty of Medical Sciences; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Campinas; Campinas Brazil
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Madrigal-Santillán E, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Álvarez-González I, Sumaya-Martínez MT, Gutiérrez-Salinas J, Bautista M, Morales-González &A, González-Rubio MGLY, Aguilar-Faisal JL, Morales-González JA. Review of natural products with hepatoprotective effects. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14787-14804. [PMID: 25356040 PMCID: PMC4209543 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is one of the most important organs in the body, performing a fundamental role in the regulation of diverse processes, among which the metabolism, secretion, storage, and detoxification of endogenous and exogenous substances are prominent. Due to these functions, hepatic diseases continue to be among the main threats to public health, and they remain problems throughout the world. Despite enormous advances in modern medicine, there are no completely effective drugs that stimulate hepatic function, that offer complete protection of the organ, or that help to regenerate hepatic cells. Thus, it is necessary to identify pharmaceutical alternatives for the treatment of liver diseases, with the aim of these alternatives being more effective and less toxic. The use of some plants and the consumption of different fruits have played basic roles in human health care, and diverse scientific investigations have indicated that, in those plants and fruits so identified, their beneficial effects can be attributed to the presence of chemical compounds that are called phytochemicals. The present review had as its objective the collecting of data based on research conducted into some fruits (grapefruit, cranberries, and grapes) and plants [cactus pear (nopal) and cactus pear fruit, chamomile, silymarin, and spirulina], which are consumed frequently by humans and which have demonstrated hepatoprotective capacity, as well as an analysis of a resin (propolis) and some phytochemicals extracted from fruits, plants, yeasts, and algae, which have been evaluated in different models of hepatotoxicity.
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Guindon J, Deng L, Fan B, Wager-Miller J, Hohmann AG. Optimization of a cisplatin model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice: use of vitamin C and sodium bicarbonate pretreatments to reduce nephrotoxicity and improve animal health status. Mol Pain 2014; 10:56. [PMID: 25189223 PMCID: PMC4247770 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-10-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin, a platinum-derived chemotherapeutic agent, produces antineoplastic effects coupled with toxic neuropathic pain and impaired general health status. These side-effects complicate long term studies of neuropathy or analgesic interventions in animals. We recently demonstrated that pretreatment with sodium bicarbonate (4% NaHCO3) prior to cisplatin (3 mg/kg i.p. weekly up to 5 weeks) was associated with improved health status (i.e. normal weight gain, body temperature, creatinine and ketone levels, and kidney weight ratio) in rats (Neurosci Lett 544:41-46, 2013). To reduce the nephrotoxic effects of cisplatin treatment in mice, we compared effects of sodium bicarbonate (4% NaHCO3 s.c.), vitamin C (25 mg/kg s.c.), resveratrol (25 mg/kg s.c.) and saline (0.9% NaCl) pretreatment on cisplatin-induced changes in animal health status, neuropathic pain and proinflammatory cytokine levels in spinal cord and kidney. Results Cisplatin-treated mice receiving saline pretreatment exhibited elevated ketone, creatinine and kidney weight ratios, representative of nephrotoxicity. Vitamin C and sodium bicarbonate lowered creatinine/ketone levels and kidney weight ratio whereas resveratrol normalized creatinine levels and kidney weight ratios similar to saline pretreatment. All pretreatments were associated with decreased ketone levels compared to saline pretreatment. Cisplatin-induced neuropathy (i.e. mechanical and cold allodynia) developed equivalently in all pretreatment groups and was similarly reversed by either morphine (6 mg/kg i.p.) or ibuprofen (6 mg/kg i.p.) treatment. RT-PCR showed that mRNA levels for IL-1β were increased in lumbar spinal cord of cisplatin-treated groups pretreated with either saline, NaHCO3 or resveratrol/cisplatin-treated groups. However, IL-6 and TNF-alpha were elevated in the kidneys in all cisplatin-treated groups. Our studies also demonstrate that 60 days after the last cisplatin treatment, body weight, body temperature, kidney functions and mRNA levels have returned to baseline although the neuropathic pain (mechanical and cold) is maintained. Conclusions Studies employing cisplatin should include NaHCO3 or vitamin C pretreatment to improve animal health status and reduce nephrotoxicity (lower creatinine and kidney weight ratio) without affecting the development of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy or analgesic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josée Guindon
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Gill Center for Biomolecular Science, Indiana University, 1101 E, 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405-2204, USA.
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Pharmacodynamic interaction of Spirulina platensis with erythromycin in Egyptian Baladi bucks (Capra hircus). Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kim JH, Jeong YJ, Hong JM, Kim HR, Kang JS, Lee WJ, Hwang YI. Chronic vitamin C insufficiency aggravated thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in gulo-knockout mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 67:81-90. [PMID: 24184603 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Given the involvement of oxidative stress in liver-disease- or hepato-toxicant-induced hepatic damage and fibrosis, antioxidants are an effective preventive and therapeutic tool. The beneficial results of vitamin C, one of the physiological antioxidants, have been observed both in experimental animals and in humans. However, most of these studies have been concerned with supplementary vitamin C; the effects of under vitamin C insufficiency, which humans sometimes confront, have not been substantially investigated. In the present study, we established a vitamin C-insufficient animal model (half-to-normal serum vitamin C concentration) with gulo(-/-) mice that cannot synthesize vitamin C, and induced hepatotoxicity by means of thioacetamide (TAA) injections twice a week for 18 weeks. Additionally, we explored the direct effects of vitamin C both on immortalized human hepatic stellate LX-2 cells and on rat primary hepatic stellate cells. Vitamin C insufficiency resulted in a decreased survival rate and increased serum markers for hepatocyte damage, such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Concomitantly, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides in the liver were increased. Histological examinations of the vitamin C-insufficient liver revealed increases in collagen fiber deposition and activated-hepatic-stellate-cell number. Vitamin C, when directly applied to the LX-2 cells as well as the rat primary hepatic stellate cells, suppressed not only proliferation but hydrogen peroxide-induced collagen expression as well. In conclusion, vitamin C insufficiency exacerbated TAA-induced hepatotoxicity. These effects seem to be mainly from insufficient scavenging of ROS in the liver, and possibly in part, by directly affecting hepatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Young-Joo Jeong
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Jun-Man Hong
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Jae Seung Kang
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Wang Jae Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Young-Il Hwang
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea.
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The potential role of Azadirachta indica treatment on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in female rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:741817. [PMID: 24369490 PMCID: PMC3867870 DOI: 10.1155/2013/741817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (neem, family: Meliaceae) is perhaps the most commonly used traditional medicinal plant of India. In this study we investigated the protective effect of methanolic neem leaves extract (MNLE; 500 mg/Kg bwt) on rats treated with cisplatin (CDDP)-induced hepatotoxicity. Adult rats were randomly divided into four groups. CDDP was given to rats by intraperitoneal injection, while MNLE was given by oral gavage for 5 days after the CDDP injection. The injury and oxidative stress caused by CDDP on the liver and the effect of MNLE were evaluated by measuring (a) histological changes, (b) tissue biochemical oxidant and antioxidant parameters, and (c) investigating apoptosis markers immunohistochemically and by real time PCR. After treatment with MNLE, the histological damage and apoptosis induction caused by cisplatin were improved. Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide were significantly decreased; the antioxidant system, namely, glutathione content, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly elevated. In conclusion, MNLE may have a potential role when combined with cisplatin in chemotherapy to alleviate cisplatin-induced damage and oxidative stress in liver.
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