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Song J, Zhao W, Zhou L, Meng H, Wang H, Guan P, Li M, Zou Y, Feng W, Zhang M, Zhu L, He P, Liu F, Zhang Y. Rational Materials and Structure Design for Improving the Performance and Durability of High Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes (HT-PEMs). ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303969. [PMID: 37653601 PMCID: PMC10602569 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen energy as the next-generation clean energy carrier has attracted the attention of both academic and industrial fields. A key limit in the current stage is the operation temperature of hydrogen fuel cells, which lies in the slow development of high-temperature and high-efficiency proton exchange membranes. Currently, much research effort has been devoted to this field, and very innovative material systems have been developed. The authors think it is the right time to make a short summary of the high-temperature proton exchange membranes (HT-PEMs), the fundamentals, and developments, which can help the researchers to clearly and efficiently gain the key information. In this paper, the development of key materials and optimization strategies, the degradation mechanism and possible solutions, and the most common morphology characterization techniques as well as correlations between morphology and overall properties have been systematically summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Wutong Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Libo Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Shanghai Maxim Fuel Cell Technology CompanyShanghai201401P. R. China
| | - Panpan Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Yecheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy Materials CompanyZiboShandong256401P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy Materials CompanyZiboShandong256401P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Ping He
- Shanghai Maxim Fuel Cell Technology CompanyShanghai201401P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
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Wang G, Yang Z, Nie X, Wang M, Liu X. A Flexible Supercapacitor Based on Niobium Carbide MXene and Sodium Anthraquinone-2-Sulfonate Composite Electrode. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1515. [PMID: 37630052 PMCID: PMC10456233 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
MXene-based composites have been widely used in electric energy storage device. As a member of MXene, niobium carbide (Nb2C) is a good electrode candidate for energy storage because of its high specific surface area and electronic conductivity. However, a pure Nb2C MXene electrode exhibits limited supercapacitive performance due to its easy stacking. Herein, sodium anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) with high redox reactivity was employed as a tailor to enhance the accessibility of ions and electrolyte and enhance the capacitance performance of Nb2C MXene. The resulting Nb2C-AQS composite had three-dimensional porous layered structures. The supercapacitors (SCs) based on the Nb2C-AQS composite exhibited a considerably higher electrochemical capacitance (36.3 mF cm-2) than the pure Nb2C electrode (16.8 mF cm-2) at a scan rate of 20 mV s-1. The SCs also exhibited excellent flexibility as deduced from the almost unchanged capacitance values after being subjected to bending. A capacitance retention of 99.5% after 600 cycles was observed for the resulting SCs, indicating their good cycling stability. This work proposes a surface modification method for Nb2C MXene and facilitates the development of high-performance SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixia Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Zhuo Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Xinyue Nie
- Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xianming Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
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Di Virgilio M, Basso Peressut A, Pontoglio A, Latorrata S, Dotelli G. Study of Innovative GO/PBI Composites as Possible Proton Conducting Membranes for Electrochemical Devices. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:428. [PMID: 37103855 PMCID: PMC10143660 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The appeal of combining polybenzimidazole (PBI) and graphene oxide (GO) for the manufacturing of membranes is increasingly growing, due to their versatility. Nevertheless, GO has always been used only as a filler in the PBI matrix. In such context, this work proposes the design of a simple, safe, and reproducible procedure to prepare self-assembling GO/PBI composite membranes characterized by GO-to-PBI (X:Y) mass ratios of 1:3, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1. SEM and XRD suggested a homogenous reciprocal dispersion of GO and PBI, which established an alternated stacked structure by mutual π-π interactions among the benzimidazole rings of PBI and the aromatic domains of GO. TGA indicated a remarkable thermal stability of the composites. From mechanical tests, improved tensile strengths but worsened maximum strains were observed with respect to pure PBI. The preliminary evaluation of the suitability of the GO/PBI X:Y composites as proton exchange membranes was executed via IEC determination and EIS. GO/PBI 2:1 (IEC: 0.42 meq g-1; proton conductivity at 100 °C: 0.0464 S cm-1) and GO/PBI 3:1 (IEC: 0.80 meq g-1; proton conductivity at 100 °C: 0.0451 S cm-1) provided equivalent or superior performances with respect to similar PBI-based state-of-the-art materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Saverio Latorrata
- Correspondence: (A.B.P.); (S.L.); Tel.: +39-02-2399-3190 (A.B.P. & S.L.)
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Phela CM, Sigwadi R, Msomi PF. Sulfonated graphene oxide/sulfonated poly (2,6‐ dimethyl – 1,4‐phenylene oxide) as a potential proton exchange membrane for iron air flow battery application. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.6030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia M. Phela
- Department of Chemical Science University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
- Research Centre for Synthesis and Catalysis (RCSC) University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Rudzani Sigwadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of South Africa Florida South Africa
| | - Phumlani F. Msomi
- Department of Chemical Science University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
- Research Centre for Synthesis and Catalysis (RCSC) University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
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Kulasekaran P, Moorthy S, Deivanayagam P, Sekar K, Pushparaj H. Sulfonated polystyrene- block-poly(ethylene- ran-butylene)- block-polystyrene/sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) and hexagonal boron nitride electrolyte membrane for fuel cell applications. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:8952-8960. [PMID: 36377739 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Novel proton exchange membranes consisting of sulfonated polystyrene ethylene butylene polystyrene (sPSEBPS), sulfonated poly ether sulfone (SPES) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) were fabricated using a facile solution casting technique. The PSEBPS polymer was functionalized using chlorosulfonic acid as the sulfonating agent. Polymerization was typically conducted by taking three different monomers, namely 3,6-dihydroxy naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid disodium salt, 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone, and bisphenol-A, to yield sulfonated poly ether sulfone (SPES). The resultant SPES polymer was blended with sPSEBPS followed by incorporation with an appropriate quantity of hBN. The physicochemical and structural properties of the membranes were studied in order to evaluate their compatibility with fuel cell applications. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy data validated the successful incorporation of the filler into the polymer matrix. Water absorption of the membranes was found in the range between 19.5 and 29.8%. The membrane loaded with 4.0 wt% of hBN showed the maximum ion-exchange capacity of 1.21 meq g-1, whereas the control sPSEBPS/SPES membrane was restricted to 0.48 meq g-1. The composite membrane loaded with hBN displayed higher thermal stability than that of the control sample. The sPSEBPS/SPES/hBN-4 composite membrane exhibited an ionic conductivity of 0.0329 S cm-1 at 30 °C. Overall, the experimental data of the prepared composite membranes revealed that the materials are potential candidates for fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonkuzhali Kulasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Siva Moorthy
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Paradesi Deivanayagam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Karthikeyan Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Hemalatha Pushparaj
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Guindy, Chennai, 600025, Tamilnadu, India
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6
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Development of polymer-wrapping methods for functionalization of carbon materials. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00738-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Compañ V, Andrio A, Escorihuela J, Velasco J, Porras-Vazquez A, Gamez-Perez J. Electric Conductivity Study of Porous Polyvinyl Alcohol/Graphene/Clay Aerogels: Effect of Compression. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:37954-37963. [PMID: 36312350 PMCID: PMC9607684 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH)/graphene (GN) oxide/clay aerogels were prepared using montmorillonite (MMT) and kaolinite (KLT) as fillers. This work paves the way for the development of aerogels filled with MMT or KLT with high conductivity. The mechanical properties of the polymer/clay aerogels are enhanced by incorporating GN into these systems. These composite materials have an enhanced thermal stability, and the combination of PVOH and GN leads to interconnected channels which favored the conductivity when a clay (MMT or KLT) is added to the mixed PVOH/GN matrix. However, after compressing the samples, the conductivities drastically decreased. These results show that the design of solid MMT/GN and KLT/GN composites as aerogels allows maximizing the space utilization of the electrode volume to achieve unhindered ion transport, which seems contrary to the general design principle of electrode materials where a suitable porous structure is desired, such as in our uncompressed samples. These findings also demonstrate the potential of these materials in electrodes, sensors, batteries, pressure-sensing applications, and supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Compañ
- Departamento
de Termodinámica Aplicada (ETSII), Universitat Politècnica de València, Campus de Vera s/n, 46022Valencia, Spain
| | - Andreu Andrio
- Departamento
de Física, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana12071, Spain
| | - Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universitat
de València, Av.
Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100Valencia, Spain
| | - Josua Velasco
- Departamento
de Ingeniería de Sistemas Industriales y Diseño, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana12071, Spain
| | - Alejandro Porras-Vazquez
- Departamento
de Ingeniería de Sistemas Industriales y Diseño, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana12071, Spain
| | - Jose Gamez-Perez
- Departamento
de Ingeniería de Sistemas Industriales y Diseño, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana12071, Spain
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Goyal D, Dang RK, Goyal T, Saxena KK, Mohammed KA, Dixit S. Graphene: A Path-Breaking Discovery for Energy Storage and Sustainability. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6241. [PMID: 36143552 PMCID: PMC9501932 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The global energy situation requires the efficient use of resources and the development of new materials and processes for meeting current energy demand. Traditional materials have been explored to large extent for use in energy saving and storage devices. Graphene, being a path-breaking discovery of the present era, has become one of the most-researched materials due to its fascinating properties, such as high tensile strength, half-integer quantum Hall effect and excellent electrical/thermal conductivity. This paper presents an in-depth review on the exploration of deploying diverse derivatives and morphologies of graphene in various energy-saving and environmentally friendly applications. Use of graphene in lubricants has resulted in improvements to anti-wear characteristics and reduced frictional losses. This comprehensive survey facilitates the researchers in selecting the appropriate graphene derivative(s) and their compatibility with various materials to fabricate high-performance composites for usage in solar cells, fuel cells, supercapacitor applications, rechargeable batteries and automotive sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepam Goyal
- Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Dang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University SSG Regional Centre, Hoshiarpur 146021, India
| | - Tarun Goyal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar 144603, India
| | - Kuldeep K. Saxena
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Kahtan A. Mohammed
- Department of Medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon 51002, Iraq
| | - Saurav Dixit
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Division of Research & Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
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Construction of highly conductive PBI-based alloy membranes by incorporating PIMs with optimized molecular weights for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Proton Conductivity Enhancement at High Temperature on Polybenzimidazole Membrane Electrolyte with Acid-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Fillers. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12030344. [PMID: 35323819 PMCID: PMC8951258 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and its acid-functionalized form are known to be effective in enhancing the proton transport properties of phosphoric-acid doped polybenzimidazole (PA-doped PBI) membranes utilized in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HTPEMFC) owing to the presence of proton-conducting functional groups. This work aims to provide a comparison between the different effects of GO with the sulfonated GO (SGO) and phosphonated GO (PGO) on the properties of PA-doped PBI, with emphasis given on proton conductivity to understand which functional groups are suitable for proton transfer under high temperature and anhydrous conditions. Each filler was synthesized following existing methods and introduced into PBI at loadings of 0.25, 0.5, and 1 wt.%. Characterizations were carried out on the overall thermal stability, acid doping level (ADL), dimensional swelling, and proton conductivity. SGO and PGO-containing PBI exhibit better conductivity than those with GO at 180 °C under anhydrous conditions, despite a slight reduction in ADL. PBI with 0.5 wt.% SGO exhibits the highest conductivity at 23.8 mS/cm, followed by PBI with 0.5 wt.% PGO at 19.6 mS/cm. However, the membrane with PGO required a smaller activation energy for proton conduction, thus less energy was needed to initiate fast proton transfer. Additionally, the PGO-containing membrane also displayed an advantage in its thermal stability aspect. Therefore, considering these properties, it is shown that PGO is a potential filler for improving PBI properties for HTPEMFC applications.
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Modifications on Promoting the Proton Conductivity of Polybenzimidazole-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes in Fuel Cells. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110826. [PMID: 34832055 PMCID: PMC8618715 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen-air proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are excellent fuel cells with high limits of energy density. However, the low carbon monoxide (CO) tolerance of the Pt electrode catalyst in hydrogen-air PEMFCs and methanol permanent in DMFCs greatly hindered their extensive use. Applying polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes can avoid these problems. The high thermal stability allows PBI membranes to work at elevated temperatures when the CO tolerance can be significantly improved; the excellent methanol resistance also makes it suitable for DMFCs. However, the poor proton conductivity of pristine PBI makes it hard to be directly applied in fuel cells. In the past decades, researchers have made great efforts to promote the proton conductivity of PBI membranes, and various effective modification methods have been proposed. To provide engineers and researchers with a basis to further promote the properties of fuel cells with PBI membranes, this paper reviews critical researches on the modification of PBI membranes in both hydrogen-air PEMFCs and DMFCs aiming at promoting the proton conductivity. The modification methods have been classified and the obtained properties have been included. A guide for designing modifications on PBI membranes for high-performance fuel cells is provided.
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12
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β-Cyclodextrin functionalized polyurethane nano fibrous membranes for drug delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Zahid M, Rashid A, Akram S, Shakir HMF, Rehan ZA, Javed T, Shabbir R, Hessien MM. Fabrication and Characterization of Sulfonated Graphene Oxide-Doped Polymeric Membranes with Improved Anti-Biofouling Behavior. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080563. [PMID: 34436326 PMCID: PMC8399323 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) was blended with sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) nanomaterials to endow a nanocomposite membrane for wastewater treatment with improved hydrophilicity and anti-biofouling behavior. The phase inversion method was employed for membrane fabrication using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the solvent. The characteristics of CA-SGO-doped membranes were investigated through thermal analysis, contact angle, SEM, FTIR, and anti-biofouling property. Results indicated that anti-biofouling property and hydrophilicity of CA-SGO nanocomposite membranes were enhanced with addition of hydrophilic SGO nanomaterials in comparison to pristine CA membrane. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful decoration of SGO groups on CA membrane surface while revealing its morphological properties through SEM analysis. Thermal analysis performed using DSC confirmed the increase in thermal stability of CA-SGO membranes with addition of SGO content than pure CA membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Anum Rashid
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.); (H.M.F.S.)
| | - Saba Akram
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.); (H.M.F.S.)
| | - H. M. Fayzan Shakir
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.); (H.M.F.S.)
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad Rehan
- Department of Materials, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.); (H.M.F.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-3009-844-363
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.J.); (R.S.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Rubab Shabbir
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.J.); (R.S.)
- Seed Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud M. Hessien
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
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14
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Singh R, Kim D. High-Temperature Proton Conduction in Covalent Organic Frameworks Interconnected with Nanochannels for Reverse Electrodialysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33437-33448. [PMID: 34250797 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The crystalline porous organic framework offers a highly ordered and stable structure under hydrated conditions at high temperatures. Here, we demonstrated a method for preparing high-performance membrane buildup using "heterogeneous networks" and "polymer phase-separated nanochannels". A well-interconnected "nanochannel" with a "crystalline organic framework" forms a highly stable hybrid membrane above 80 °C under 100% hydration under acidic and basic conditions. The prepared structure provides a self-standing membrane that easily overcomes the problem faced by conventional high ion-exchange capacity (IEC)-based membranes such as swelling, gelling, fragility, and dissolving at elevated temperatures. Apart from structural stability, it also shows better chemical stability with enhanced proton conduction at elevated temperatures. This proton conduction with better structural stability in the high IEC sample confirms from thermal analysis, whereas it also offers relatively low in-plane membrane swelling as compared to the conventional membranes. These hybrid membranes were further combined with the FAA-3 membrane to manufacture a reverse electrodialysis system for generating a power output. We also evaluated the maximum power density (Pmax) of the stack theoretically and experimentally. The determined net power density (Pnet) is reported to be 0.45 W m-2 at a flow rate of 40 mL min-1. These results confirm that the developed membrane can withstand robustly under realistic ambient conditions maintaining stable cell performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Energy-Water Nexus Lab, Sogang University, 35Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejoong Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Energy-Water Nexus Lab, Sogang University, 35Baekbeom-Ro, Mapo-Gu, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
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Feng Y, Zhong S, Cui X, Li Y, Ding C, Cui L, Wang M, Yang Y, Liu W. The synergistic effect of polyorganosilicon and sulfonic groups functionalized graphene oxide on the performance of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone ketone) polyelectrolyte material. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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16
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Advances in the Applications of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites in Clean Energy Materials. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Extensive use of fossil fuels can lead to energy depletion and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to solve these problems by developing clean energy. Graphene materials own the advantages of high electrocatalytic activity, high conductivity, excellent mechanical strength, strong flexibility, large specific surface area and light weight, thus giving the potential to store electric charge, ions or hydrogen. Graphene-based nanocomposites have become new research hotspots in the field of energy storage and conversion, such as in fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells and thermoelectric conversion. Graphene as a catalyst carrier of hydrogen fuel cells has been further modified to obtain higher and more uniform metal dispersion, hence improving the electrocatalyst activity. Moreover, it can complement the network of electroactive materials to buffer the change of electrode volume and prevent the breakage and aggregation of electrode materials, and graphene oxide is also used as a cheap and sustainable proton exchange membrane. In lithium-ion batteries, substituting heteroatoms for carbon atoms in graphene composite electrodes can produce defects on the graphitized surface which have a good reversible specific capacity and increased energy and power densities. In solar cells, the performance of the interface and junction is enhanced by using a few layers of graphene-based composites and more electron-hole pairs are collected; therefore, the conversion efficiency is increased. Graphene has a high Seebeck coefficient, and therefore, it is a potential thermoelectric material. In this paper, we review the latest progress in the synthesis, characterization, evaluation and properties of graphene-based composites and their practical applications in fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells and thermoelectric conversion.
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Polybenzimidazole-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for High-Temperature Fuel Cells: Current Status and Prospects. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en14010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) expect a promising future in addressing the major problems associated with production and consumption of renewable energies and meeting the future societal and environmental needs. Design and fabrication of new proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with high proton conductivity and durability is crucial to overcome the drawbacks of the present PEMs. Acid-doped polybenzimidazoles (PBIs) carry high proton conductivity and long-term thermal, chemical, and structural stabilities are recognized as the suited polymeric materials for next-generation PEMs of high-temperature fuel cells in place of Nafion® membranes. This paper aims to review the recent developments in acid-doped PBI-based PEMs for use in PEMFCs. The structures and proton conductivity of a variety of acid-doped PBI-based PEMs are discussed. More recent development in PBI-based electrospun nanofiber PEMs is also considered. The electrochemical performance of PBI-based PEMs in PEMFCs and new trends in the optimization of acid-doped PBIs are explored.
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18
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He M, Wang L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Wang X, Lv Y, Miao R. Stable Forward Osmosis Nanocomposite Membrane Doped with Sulfonated Graphene Oxide@Metal-Organic Frameworks for Heavy Metal Removal. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:57102-57116. [PMID: 33317267 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A sulfonated graphene oxide@metal-organic framework-modified forward osmosis nanocomposite (SGO@UiO-66-TFN) membrane was developed to improve stability and heavy metal removal performance. An in situ growth method was applied to uniformly distribute UiO-66 nanomaterial with a frame structure on SGO nanosheets to form SGO@UiO-66 composite nanomaterial. This nanomaterial was then added to a polyamide layer using interfacial polymerization. The cross-linking between SGO@UiO-66 and m-phenylenediamine improved the stability of the nanomaterial in the membrane. Additionally, the water permeability was improved because of additional water channels introduced by SGO@UiO-66. SGO, with its lamellar structure, and UiO-66, with its frame structure, made the diffusion path of the solute more circuitous, which improved the heavy metal removal and salt rejection performances. Moreover, the hydrophilic layer of the SGO@UiO-66-TFN membrane could block contaminants and loosen the structure of the pollution layer, ensuring that the membrane maintained a high removal rate. The water flux and reverse solute flux of the SGO@UiO-66-TFN membrane reached 14.77 LMH and 2.95 gMH, and compared with the thin-film composite membrane, these values were increased by 41 and 64%, respectively. The membrane also demonstrated a good heavy metal ion removal performance. In 2 h, the heavy metal ion removal rate (2000 ppm Cu2+ and Pb2+) was greater than 99.4%, and in 10 h the removal rate was greater than 97.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaolu He
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation, Membrane Separation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yan Ta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation, Membrane Separation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yan Ta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation, Membrane Separation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yan Ta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation, Membrane Separation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yan Ta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jiani Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation, Membrane Separation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yan Ta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation, Membrane Separation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yan Ta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yongtao Lv
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation, Membrane Separation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yan Ta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Rui Miao
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation, Membrane Separation Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yan Ta Road, Xi'an 710054, China
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Effect of Polyhedral Silsesquioxane Functionalized Sulfonic Acid Groups Incorporated Into Highly Sulfonated Polyphenylsulfone as Proton-Conducting Membrane. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-05088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Escorihuela J, Olvera-Mancilla J, Alexandrova L, del Castillo LF, Compañ V. Recent Progress in the Development of Composite Membranes Based on Polybenzimidazole for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1861. [PMID: 32825111 PMCID: PMC7564738 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid increasing of the population in combination with the emergence of new energy-consuming technologies has risen worldwide total energy consumption towards unprecedent values. Furthermore, fossil fuel reserves are running out very quickly and the polluting greenhouse gases emitted during their utilization need to be reduced. In this scenario, a few alternative energy sources have been proposed and, among these, proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are promising. Recently, polybenzimidazole-based polymers, featuring high chemical and thermal stability, in combination with fillers that can regulate the proton mobility, have attracted tremendous attention for their roles as PEMs in fuel cells. Recent advances in composite membranes based on polybenzimidazole (PBI) for high temperature PEM fuel cell applications are summarized and highlighted in this review. In addition, the challenges, future trends, and prospects of composite membranes based on PBI for solid electrolytes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jessica Olvera-Mancilla
- Departamento de Polímeros, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (J.O.-M.); (L.A.); (L.F.d.C.)
| | - Larissa Alexandrova
- Departamento de Polímeros, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (J.O.-M.); (L.A.); (L.F.d.C.)
| | - L. Felipe del Castillo
- Departamento de Polímeros, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (J.O.-M.); (L.A.); (L.F.d.C.)
| | - Vicente Compañ
- Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada (ETSII), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera. s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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21
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Olvera-Mancilla J, Escorihuela J, Alexandrova L, Andrio A, García-Bernabé A, Del Castillo LF, Compañ V. Effect of metallacarborane salt H[COSANE] doping on the performance properties of polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature PEMFCs. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:7624-7635. [PMID: 32735001 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00743a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a series of composite proton exchange membranes comprising a cobaltacarborane protonated H[Co(C2B9H11)2] named (H[COSANE]) and polybenzimidazole (PBI) for a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is reported, with the aim of enhancing the proton conductivity of PBI membranes doped with phosphoric acid. The effects of the anion [Co(C2B9H11)2] concentration in three different polymeric matrices based on the PBI structure, poly(2,2'-(m-phenylene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole) (PBI-1), poly[2,2'-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole] (PBI-2) and poly(2,2'-(p-hexafluoroisopropylidene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole) (PBI-3), have been investigated. The conductivity, diffusivity and mobility are greater in the composite membrane poly(2,2'-(p-hexafluoroisopropylidene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole) containing fluorinated groups, reaching a maximum when the amount of H[COSANE] was 15%. In general, all the prepared membranes displayed excellent and tunable properties as conducting materials, with conductivities higher than 0.03 S cm-1 above 140 °C. From an analysis of electrode polarization (EP) the proton diffusion coefficients and mobility have been calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Olvera-Mancilla
- Departamento de polímeros, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-360, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Larissa Alexandrova
- Departamento de polímeros, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-360, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Andreu Andrio
- Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Jaume I, 12080, Castelló, Spain
| | - Abel García-Bernabé
- Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada (ETSII), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Campus de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Luis Felipe Del Castillo
- Departamento de polímeros, Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-360, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Vicente Compañ
- Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada (ETSII), Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Campus de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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Simari C, Lufrano E, Godbert N, Gournis D, Coppola L, Nicotera I. Titanium Dioxide Grafted on Graphene Oxide: Hybrid Nanofiller for Effective and Low-Cost Proton Exchange Membranes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1572. [PMID: 32785158 PMCID: PMC7466480 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A nanostructured hybrid material consisting of TiO2 nanoparticles grown and stabilized on graphene oxide (GO) platelets, was synthesized and tested as nanofiller in a polymeric matrix of sulfonated polysulfone (sPSU) for the preparation of new and low-cost nanocomposite electrolytes for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications. GO-TiO2 hybrid material combines the nanoscale structure, large interfacial area, and mechanical features of a 2D, layered material, and the hygroscopicity properties of ceramic oxides, able to maintain a suitable hydration of the membrane under harsh fuel cell operative conditions. GO-TiO2 was synthetized through a new, simple, one-pot hydrothermal procedure, while nanocomposite membranes were prepared by casting using different filler loadings. Both material and membranes were investigated by a combination of XRD, Raman, FTIR, thermo-mechanical analysis (TGA and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) and SEM microscopy, while extensive studies on the proton transport properties were carried out by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements and pulse field gradient (PFG) NMR spectroscopy. The addition of GO-TiO2 to the sPSU produced a highly stable network, with an increasing of the storage modulus three-fold higher than the filler-free sPSU membrane. Moreover, the composite membrane with 3 wt.% of filler content demonstrated very high water-retention capacity at high temperatures as well as a remarkable proton mobility, especially in very low relative humidity conditions, marking a step ahead of the state of the art in PEMs. This suggests that an architecture between polymer and filler was created with interconnected routes for an efficient proton transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cataldo Simari
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.S.); (E.L.); (N.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Ernestino Lufrano
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.S.); (E.L.); (N.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Nicolas Godbert
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.S.); (E.L.); (N.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Dimitrios Gournis
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Luigi Coppola
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.S.); (E.L.); (N.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Isabella Nicotera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.S.); (E.L.); (N.G.); (L.C.)
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Escorihuela J, García-Bernabé A, Compañ V. A Deep Insight into Different Acidic Additives as Doping Agents for Enhancing Proton Conductivity on Polybenzimidazole Membranes. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1374. [PMID: 32570990 PMCID: PMC7361977 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes for fuel cell applications has been extensively studied in the past decades. In this article, we present a systematic study of the physicochemical properties and proton conductivity of PBI membranes doped with the commonly used phosphoric acid at different concentrations (0.1, 1, and 14 M), and with other alternative acids such as phytic acid (0.075 M) and phosphotungstic acid (HPW, 0.1 M). The use of these three acids was reflected in the formation of channels in the polymeric network as observed by cross-section SEM images. The acid doping enhanced proton conductivity of PBI membranes and, after doping, these conducting materials maintained their mechanical properties and thermal stability for their application as proton exchange membrane fuel cells, capable of operating at intermediate or high temperatures. Under doping with similar acidic concentrations, membranes with phytic acid displayed a superior conducting behavior when compared to doping with phosphoric acid or phosphotungstic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Abel García-Bernabé
- Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Vicente Compañ
- Departamento de Termodinámica Aplicada, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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24
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Tao P, Dai Y, Chen S, Wang J, He R. Hyperbranched polyamidoamine modified high temperature proton exchange membranes based on PTFE reinforced blended polymers. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies-A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071712. [PMID: 32276482 PMCID: PMC7180464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nafion membranes are still the dominating material used in the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) technologies. They are widely used in several applications thanks to their excellent properties: high proton conductivity and high chemical stability in both oxidation and reduction environment. However, they have several technical challenges: reactants permeability, which results in reduced performance, dependence on water content to perform preventing the operation at higher temperatures or low humidity levels, and chemical degradation. This paper reviews novel composite membranes that have been developed for PEM applications, including direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), hydrogen PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs), and water electrolysers (PEMWEs), aiming at overcoming the drawbacks of the commercial Nafion membranes. It provides a broad overview of the Nafion-based membranes, with organic and inorganic fillers, and non-fluorinated membranes available in the literature for which various main properties (proton conductivity, crossover, maximum power density, and thermal stability) are reported. The studies on composite membranes demonstrate that they are suitable for PEM applications and can potentially compete with Nafion membranes in terms of performance and lifetime.
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Hu F, Wen-Chin T, Zhong F, Zhang B, Wang J, Liu H, Zheng G, Gong C, Wen S. Enhanced properties of sulfonated polyether ether ketone proton exchange membrane by incorporating carboxylic-contained zeolitic imidazolate frameworks. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02532a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Carboxylic-containing zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-COOH) showed an obvious improvement in the performance of sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK)-based proton exchange membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Hu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hubei Engineering University
- Xiaogan
| | - Tsen Wen-Chin
- Department of Fashion and Design
- Lee-Ming Institute of Technology
- New Taipei City 243
- Taiwan
| | - Fei Zhong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hubei Engineering University
- Xiaogan
| | - Bingqing Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hubei Engineering University
- Xiaogan
| | - Jie Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hubei Engineering University
- Xiaogan
| | - Hai Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hubei Engineering University
- Xiaogan
| | - Genwen Zheng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hubei Engineering University
- Xiaogan
| | - Chunli Gong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hubei Engineering University
- Xiaogan
| | - Sheng Wen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomass Conversion and Utilization
- Hubei Engineering & Technology Research Center for Functional Materials from Biomass
- School of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hubei Engineering University
- Xiaogan
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27
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Kumar B. S, Sana B, Unnikrishnan G, Jana T, Kumar K. S. S. Polybenzimidazole co-polymers: their synthesis, morphology and high temperature fuel cell membrane properties. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01403a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polybenzimidazole (PBI) random co-polymers containing alicyclic and aromatic backbones were synthesized using two different dicarboxylic acids (viz., cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid and terephthalic acid) by varying their molar ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Kumar B.
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Division
- Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
- Thiruvananthapuram-22
- India
| | | | | | - Tushar Jana
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Santhosh Kumar K. S.
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Division
- Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
- Thiruvananthapuram-22
- India
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28
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Satheesh Kumar B, Sana B, Unnikrishnan G, Jana T, Santhosh Kumar K. Nano-ordered aromatic/alicyclic polybenzimidazole blend membranes. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Fang Z, Xu H, Gao S, Wu Z, Yin Z, Wang J, Yang J, Zhu C. Synthesis of Sulfonated Poly(arylene ether)s in a One‐Pot Polymerization Process and Their Nafion‐Blend Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Hulin Xu
- Beijing Qintian Science & Technology Development Co. Ltd. Beijing 100070 China
| | - Shuitao Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Zeyu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Zhechang Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Changjin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
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30
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Daripa S, Khawas K, Das S, Dey RK, Kuila BK. Aligned Proton‐Conducting Graphene Sheets via Block Copolymer Supramolecular Assembly and Their Application for Highly Transparent Moisture‐Sensing Conductive Coating. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumili Daripa
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi Uttar Pradesh- 221005 India
| | - Koomkoom Khawas
- Department of ChemistryCentral University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi Jharkhand - 835205 India
| | - Santanu Das
- Department of Ceramic EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi Uttar Pradesh- 221005 India
| | - Ratan Kumar Dey
- Department of ChemistryCentral University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi Jharkhand - 835205 India
| | - Biplab Kumar Kuila
- Department of ChemistryInstitute of ScienceBanaras Hindu University, Varanasi Uttar Pradesh- 221005 India
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31
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Satheesh Kumar B, Sana B, Unnikrishnan G, Jana T, Santhosh Kumar KS. Polybenzimidazole as proton conducting filler in polydimethylsiloxane: Enhanced oxidative stability and membrane properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Satheesh Kumar
- Polymers and Special Chemicals DivisionVikram Sarabhai Space Centre Thiruvananthapuram India
| | | | | | - Tushar Jana
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad India
| | - K. S. Santhosh Kumar
- Polymers and Special Chemicals DivisionVikram Sarabhai Space Centre Thiruvananthapuram India
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Imran MA, He G, Wu X, Yan X, Li T, Khan A. Fabrication and characterization of sulfonated polybenzimidazole/sulfonated imidized graphene oxide hybrid membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asif Imran
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Research and Development Center of Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Gaohong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Research and Development Center of Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xuemei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Research and Development Center of Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xiaoming Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Research and Development Center of Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Tiantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Research and Development Center of Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Abdul‐Sammed Khan
- School of PhysicsDalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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Changkhamchom S, Sirivat A. Sulfonated (graphene oxide/poly(ether ketone ether sulfone) (S-GO/S-PEKES) composite proton exchange membrane with high proton conductivity for direct methanol fuel cell. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2019.1587770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Changkhamchom
- Conductive and Electroactive Polymers Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - A. Sirivat
- Conductive and Electroactive Polymers Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Kim AR, Vinothkannan M, Park CJ, Yoo DJ. Alleviating the Mechanical and Thermal Degradations of Highly Sulfonated Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) Blocks via Copolymerization with Hydrophobic Unit for Intermediate Humidity Fuel Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1346. [PMID: 30961271 PMCID: PMC6401815 DOI: 10.3390/polym10121346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) is inter-connected using a hydrophobic oligomer via poly-condensation reaction to produce SPEEK analogues as PEMs. Prior sulfonation is performed for SPEEK to avoid random sulfonation of multi-block copolymers that may destroy the mechanical toughness of polymer backbone. A greater local density of ionic moieties exist in SPEEK and good thermomechanical properties of hydrophobic unit offer an unique approach to promote the proton conductivity as well as thermomechanical stability of membrane, as verify from AC impedance and TGA. The morphological behavior and phase variation of membranes are explored using FE-SEM and AFM; the triblock (XYX) membranes exhibits a nano-phase separated morphology. Performance of PEFC integrated with blend and block copolymer membranes is determined at 60 °C under 60% RH. As a result, the triblock (XYX) membrane has a high power density than blend (2X1Y) membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Rhan Kim
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry and R&D Center for CANUTECH, Business Incubation Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mohanraj Vinothkannan
- Graduate School, Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul Jin Park
- Graduate School, Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Jin Yoo
- Graduate School, Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Luo L, Peng T, Yuan M, Sun H, Dai S, Wang L. Preparation of Graphite Oxide Containing Different Oxygen-Containing Functional Groups and the Study of Ammonia Gas Sensitivity. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E3745. [PMID: 30400230 PMCID: PMC6263694 DOI: 10.3390/s18113745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of graphite oxide samples were prepared using the modified Hummers method. Flake graphite was used as the raw material and the reaction temperature of the aqueous solution was changed (0 °C, 30 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, and 100 °C). X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectral analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle tests were performed to characterize the structure, chemical bonding, type, and content of oxygen-containing functional groups of the graphite oxide samples. The results showed that the type and content of each oxygen-containing functional group could be controlled by changing the reaction temperature with the addition of water. As the temperature of the system increased, the degree of oxidation of the graphite oxide samples first increased and then decreased. Too high a temperature (100 °C) of the system led to the formation of epoxy groups by the decomposition of some hydroxyl groups in the samples, causing the reduction of oxygen-containing functional groups between the graphite layers, poor hydrophilic properties, and low moisture content. When the system temperature was 50 °C, the interlayer spacing of the graphite oxide samples was at its highest, the graphite was completely oxidized (C/O = 1.85), and the oxygen-containing functional groups were mainly composed of hydroxyl groups (accounting for approximately 28.88% of the total oxygen-containing functional groups). The high content of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups had good hydrophilic ability and showed the highest moisture content. The sample at 50 °C had better sensitivity to ammonia because of its high hydroxyl group and carboxyl group content, with the sample showing an excellent profile when the ammonia concentration was 20⁻60 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Luo
- School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
- Institute of Mineral Materials & Application, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China.
| | - Tongjiang Peng
- Institute of Mineral Materials & Application, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China.
| | - Mingliang Yuan
- School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Hongjuan Sun
- Institute of Mineral Materials & Application, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China.
| | - Shichan Dai
- School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Long Wang
- School of Mineral Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
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36
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Ganguly S, Das P, Maity PP, Mondal S, Ghosh S, Dhara S, Das NC. Green Reduced Graphene Oxide Toughened Semi-IPN Monolith Hydrogel as Dual Responsive Drug Release System: Rheological, Physicomechanical, and Electrical Evaluations. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:7201-7218. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b02919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Yadav R, Subhash A, Chemmenchery N, Kandasubramanian B. Graphene and Graphene Oxide for Fuel Cell Technology. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramdayal Yadav
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry
of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
| | - Akshay Subhash
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University College of Engineering, Thodupuzha, Idukki, Kerala-685587, India
| | - Nikhil Chemmenchery
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University College of Engineering, Thodupuzha, Idukki, Kerala-685587, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Structural Composite Fabrication Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry
of Defence, Girinagar, Pune-411025, India
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38
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Polybenzimidazole-nanocomposite membranes: Enhanced proton conductivity with low content of amine-functionalized nanoparticles. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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39
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Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfonated Graphene Oxide Reinforced Sulfonated Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) (SPEEK) Composites for Proton Exchange Membrane Materials. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11040516. [PMID: 29597311 PMCID: PMC5951362 DOI: 10.3390/ma11040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As a clean energy utilization device, full cell is gaining more and more attention. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is a key component of the full cell. The commercial-sulfonated, tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer-copolymer (Nafion) membrane exhibits excellent proton conductivity under a fully humidified environment. However, it also has some disadvantages in practice, such as high fuel permeability, a complex synthesis process, and high cost. To overcome these disadvantages, a low-cost and novel membrane was developed. The sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) was selected as the base material of the proton exchange membrane. Sulfonated graphene (SG) was cross-linked with SPEEK through the elimination reaction of hydrogen bonds. It was found that the sulfonic acid groups and hydrophilic oxygen groups increased obviously in the resultant membrane. Compared with the pure SPEEK membrane, the SG-reinforced membrane exhibited better proton conductivity and methanol permeability prevention. The results indicate that the SG/SPEEK could be applied as a new proton exchange membrane in fuel cells.
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40
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Renewable eugenol-based functional polymers with self-healing and high temperature resistance properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1460-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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41
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Fei M, Lin R, Deng Y, Xian H, Bian R, Zhang X, Cheng J, Xu C, Cai D. Polybenzimidazole/Mxene composite membranes for intermediate temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:035403. [PMID: 29135464 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa9ab0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This report demonstrated the first study on the use of a new 2D nanomaterial (Mxene) for enhancing membrane performance of intermediate temperature (>100 °C) polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (ITPEMFCs). In this study, a typical Ti3C2T x -MXene was synthesized and incorporated into polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based membranes by using a solution blending method. The composite membrane with 3 wt% Ti3C2T x -MXene showed the proton conductivity more than 2 times higher than that of pristine PBI membrane at the temperature range of 100 °C-170 °C, and led to substantial increase in maximum power density of fuel cells by ∼30% tested at 150 °C. The addition of Ti3C2T x -MXene also improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PBI membranes. At 3 wt% Ti3C2T x -MXene, the elongation at break of phosphoric acid doped PBI remained unaffected at 150 °C, and the tensile strength and Young's modulus was increased by ∼150% and ∼160%, respectively. This study pointed out promising application of MXene in ITPEMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Fei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People's Republic of China. Institute of Industry & Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People's Republic of China
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42
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Gao S, Yang X, Wei MJ, Liang S, Zang HY, Tan HQ, Wang YH, Li YG. One-step synthesis of Pt based electrocatalysts encapsulated by polyoxometalate for methanol oxidation. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03593d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pt-based electrocatalysts encapsulated by polyoxometalate were synthesized in one step and showed good performance for the methanol oxidation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate
- Science of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Xiaoxuan Yang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate
- Science of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Mei-Jie Wei
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate
- Science of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Song Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Hong-Ying Zang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate
- Science of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Hua-Qiao Tan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate
- Science of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Yong-Hui Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate
- Science of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Yang-Guang Li
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Key Lab of Polyoxometalate
- Science of Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province
- Faculty of Chemistry
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Niluroutu N, Pichaimuthu K, Sarmah S, Dhanasekaran P, Shukla A, Unni SM, Bhat SD. A copper–trimesic acid metal–organic framework incorporated sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) based polymer electrolyte membrane for direct methanol fuel cells. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03459a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A copper–trimesic acid (Cu–TMA) metal–organic framework incorporated in sPEEK shows restricted methanol crossover in DMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sudeshna Sarmah
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute-Madras Unit
- Chennai
- India
| | - P. Dhanasekaran
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute-Madras Unit
- Chennai
- India
| | - Avanish Shukla
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute-Madras Unit
- Chennai
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR-CECRI Karaikudi Campus
| | - Sreekuttan M. Unni
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute-Madras Unit
- Chennai
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR-CECRI Karaikudi Campus
| | - Santoshkumar D. Bhat
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute-Madras Unit
- Chennai
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- CSIR-CECRI Karaikudi Campus
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45
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Li C, Huang N, Jiang Z, Tian X, Zhao X, Xu ZL, Yang H, Jiang ZJ. Sulfonated holey graphene oxide paper with SPEEK membranes on its both sides: a sandwiched membrane with high performance for semi-passive direct methanol fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Yu J, Cheng S, Che Q. Preparation and characterization of layer-by-layer self-assembly membrane based on sulfonated polyetheretherketone and polyurethane for high-temperature proton exchange membrane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Yu
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences, Northeastern University; Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Shicheng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences, Northeastern University; Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Quantong Che
- Department of Chemistry; College of Sciences, Northeastern University; Shenyang 110819 China
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47
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Özdemir Y, Özkan N, Devrim Y. Fabrication and Characterization of Cross-linked Polybenzimidazole Based Membranes for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.05.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Rao Z, Feng K, Tang B, Wu P. Construction of well interconnected metal-organic framework structure for effectively promoting proton conductivity of proton exchange membrane. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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49
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Polymer and Composite Membranes for Proton-Conducting, High-Temperature Fuel Cells: A Critical Review. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10070687. [PMID: 28773045 PMCID: PMC5551730 DOI: 10.3390/ma10070687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymer fuel cells operating above 100 °C (High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells, HT-PEMFCs) have gained large interest for their application to automobiles. The HT-PEMFC devices are typically made of membranes with poly(benzimidazoles), although other polymers, such as sulphonated poly(ether ether ketones) and pyridine-based materials have been reported. In this critical review, we address the state-of-the-art of membrane fabrication and their properties. A large number of papers of uneven quality has appeared in the literature during the last few years, so this review is limited to works that are judged as significant. Emphasis is put on proton transport and the physico-chemical mechanisms of proton conductivity.
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Jiang ZJ, Jiang Z, Tian X, Luo L, Liu M. Sulfonated Holey Graphene Oxide (SHGO) Filled Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Membrane: The Role of Holes in the SHGO in Improving Its Performance as Proton Exchange Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:20046-20056. [PMID: 28535030 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonated holey graphene oxides (SHGOs) have been synthesized by the etching of sulfonated graphene oxides with concentrated HNO3 under the assistance of ultrasonication. These SHGOs could be used as fillers for the sulfonated aromatic poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membrane. The obtained SHGO-incorporated SPEEK membrane has a uniform and dense structure, exhibiting higher performance as proton exchange membranes (PEMs), for instance, higher proton conductivity, lower activation energy for proton conduction, and comparable methanol permeability, as compared to Nafion 112. The sulfonated graphitic structure of the SHGOs is believed to be one of the crucial factors resulting in the higher performance of the SPEEK/SHGO membrane, since it could increase the local density of the -SO3H groups in the membrane and induce a strong interfacial interaction between SHGO and the SPEEK matrix, which improve the proton conductivity and lower the swelling ratio of the membrane, respectively. Additionally, the proton conductivity of the membrane could be further enhanced by the presence of the holes in the graphitic planes of the SHGOs, since it provides an additional channel for transport of the protons. When used, direct methanol fuel cell with the SPEEK/SHGO membrane is found to exhibit much higher performance than that with Nafion 112, suggesting potential use of the SPEEK/SHGO membrane as the PEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Jie Jiang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongqing Jiang
- Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology , Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoning Tian
- Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology , Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lijuan Luo
- Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology , Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meilin Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials, New Energy Research Institute, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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