1
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Park S, Kim SH. Regioselective Growth of Colloidal Crystals Induced by Depletion Attraction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309938. [PMID: 37989520 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal crystals display photonic stopbands that generate reflective structural colors. While micropatterning offers significant value for various applications, the resolution is somewhat limited for conventional top-down approaches. In this work, a simple, single-step bottom-up approach is introduced to produce photonic micropatterns through depletion-mediated regioselective growth of colloidal crystals. Lithographically-featured micropatterns with planar surfaces and nano-needle arrays as substrates are employed. Heterogeneous nucleation is drastically suppressed on nano-needle arrays due to minimal particle-to-needles overlap of excluded volumes, while it is promoted on planar surfaces with large particle-to-plane volume overlap, enabling regioselective growth of colloidal crystals. This strategy allows high-resolution micropatterning of colloidal photonic crystals, with a minimum feature size as small as 10 µm. Stopband positions, or structural colors, are controllable through concentration and depletant and salt, as well as particle size. Notably, secondary colors can be created through structural color mixing by simultaneously crystallizing two different particle sizes into their own crystal grains, resulting in two distinct reflectance peaks at controlled wavelengths. The simple and highly reproducible method for regioselective colloidal crystallization provides a general route for designing elaborate photonic micropatterns suitable for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyuk Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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2
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Hou S, Bai L, Lu D, Duan H. Interfacial Colloidal Self-Assembly for Functional Materials. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:740-751. [PMID: 36920352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusSelf-assembly bridges nanoscale and microscale colloidal particles into macroscale functional materials. In particular, self-assembly processes occurring at the liquid/liquid or solid/liquid/air interfaces hold great promise in constructing large-scale two- or three-dimensional (2D or 3D) architectures. Interaction of colloidal particles in the assemblies leads to emergent collective properties not found in individual building blocks, offering a much larger parameter space to tune the material properties. Interfacial self-assembly methods are rapid, cost-effective, scalable, and compatible with existing fabrication technologies, thus promoting widespread interest in a broad range of research fields.Surface chemistry of nanoparticles plays a predominant role in driving the self-assembly of nanoparticles at water/oil interfaces. Amphiphilic nanoparticles coated with mixed polymer brushes or mussel-inspired polydopamine were demonstrated to self-assemble into closely packed thin films, enabling diverse applications from electrochemical sensors and catalysis to surface-enhanced optical properties. Interfacial assemblies of amphiphilic gold nanoparticles were integrated with graphene paper to obtain flexible electrodes in a modular approach. The robust, biocompatible electrodes with exceptional electrocatalytic activities showed excellent sensitivity and reproducibility in biosensing. Recyclable catalysts were prepared by transferring monolayer assemblies of polydopamine-coated nanocatalysts to both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates. The immobilized catalysts were easily recovered and recycled without loss of catalytic activity. Plasmonic nanoparticles were self-assembled into a plasmonic substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, metal-enhanced fluorescence, and modulated fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Strong Raman enhancement was accomplished by rationally directing the Raman probes to the electromagnetic hotspots. Optimal enhancement of fluorescence and FRET was realized by precisely controlling the spacing between the metal surface and the fluorophores and tuning the surface plasmon resonance wavelength of the self-assembled substrate to match the optical properties of the fluorescent dye.At liquid/solid interfaces, infiltration-assisted (IFAST) colloidal self-assembly introduces liquid infiltration in the substrate as a new factor to control the degree of order of the colloidal assemblies. The strong infiltration flow leads to the formation of amorphous colloidal arrays that display noniridescent structural colors. This method is compatible with a broad range of colloidal particle inks, and any solid substrate that is permeable to dispersing liquids but particle-excluding is suitable for IFAST colloidal assembly. Therefore, the IFAST technology offers rapid, scalable fabrication of structural color patterns of diverse colloidal particles with full-spectrum coverage and unprecedented flexibility. Metal-organic framework particles with either spherical or polyhedral morphology were used as ink particles in the Mayer rod coating on wettability patterned photopapers, leading to amorphous photonic structures with vapor-responsive colors. Anticounterfeiting labels have also been developed based on the complex optical features encoded in the photonic structures.Interfacial colloidal self-assembly at the water/oil interface and IFAST assembly at the solid/liquid/air interface have proven to be versatile fabrication platforms to produce functional materials with well-defined properties for diverse applications. These platform technologies are promising in the manufacturing of value-added functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hou
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ling Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Derong Lu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457 Singapore
| | - Hongwei Duan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457 Singapore
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3
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Wang H, Zhou H, He W, Yang Z, Cao H, Wang D, Li Y. Research Progress on Blue-Phase Liquid Crystals for Pattern Replication Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:194. [PMID: 36614533 PMCID: PMC9821960 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Blue-Phase Liquid Crystals (BPLCs) are considered to be excellent 3D photonic crystals and have attracted a great deal of attention due to their great potential for advanced applications in a wide range of fields including self-assembling tunable photonic crystals and fast-response displays. BPLCs exhibit promise in patterned applications due to their sub-millisecond response time, three-dimensional cubic structure, macroscopic optical isotropy and high contrast ratio. The diversity of patterned applications developed based on BPLCs has attracted much attention. This paper focuses on the latest advances in blue-phase (BP) materials, including applications in patterned microscopy, electric field driving, handwriting driving, optical writing and inkjet printing. The paper concludes with future challenges and opportunities for BP materials, providing important insights into the subsequent development of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wanli He
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +010-62333759
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4
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Börm S, Davoodi F, Köhl R, Talebi N. Topological photonics by breaking the degeneracy of line node singularities in semimetal-like photonic crystals. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:42649-42662. [PMID: 36366715 DOI: 10.1364/oe.468904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Degeneracy is an omnipresent phenomenon in various physical systems, which has its roots in the preservation of geometrical symmetry. In electronic and photonic crystal systems, very often this degeneracy can be broken by virtue of strong interactions between photonic modes of the same energy, where the level repulsion and the hybridization between modes causes the emergence of photonic bandgaps. However, most often this phenomenon does not lead to a complete and inverted bandgap formation over the entire Brillouin zone. Here, by systematically breaking the symmetry of a two-dimensional square photonic crystal, we investigate the formation of Dirac points, line node singularities, and inverted bandgaps. The formation of this complete bandgap is due to the level repulsion between degenerate modes along the line nodes of a semimetal-like photonic crystal, over the entire Brillouin zone. Our numerical experiments are performed by a home-build numerical framework based on a multigrid finite element method. The developed numerical toolbox and our observations pave the way towards designing complete bandgap photonic crystals and exploring the role of symmetry on the optical behaviour of even more complicated orders in photonic crystal systems.
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5
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Shaping in the Third Direction; Synthesis of Patterned Colloidal Crystals by Polyester Fabric-Guided Self-Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234081. [PMID: 34883585 PMCID: PMC8658756 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A polyester fabric with rectangular openings was used as a sacrificial template for the guiding of a sub-micron sphere (polystyrene (PS) and silica) aqueous colloid self-assembly process during evaporation as a patterned colloidal crystal (PCC). This simple process is also a robust one, being less sensitive to external parameters (ambient pressure, temperature, humidity, vibrations). The most interesting feature of the concave-shape-pattern unit cell (350 μm × 400 μm × 3 μm) of this crystal is the presence of triangular prisms at its border, each prism having a one-dimensional sphere array at its top edge. The high-quality ordered single layer found inside of each unit cell presents the super-prism effect and left-handed behavior. Wider yet elongated deposits with ordered walls and disordered top surfaces were formed under the fabric knots. Rectangular patterning was obtained even for 20 μm PS spheres. Polyester fabrics with other opening geometries and sizes (~300–1000 μm) or with higher fiber elasticity also allowed the formation of similar PCCs, some having curved prismatic walls. A higher colloid concentration (10–20%) induces the formation of thicker walls with fiber-negative replica morphology. Additionally, thick-wall PCCs (~100 μm) with semi-cylindrical morphology were obtained using SiO2 sub-microspheres and a wavy fabric. The colloidal pattern was used as a lithographic mask for natural lithography and as a template for the synthesis of triangular-prism-shaped inverted opals.
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6
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Liu N, Zheng Z, Yu D, Hong W, Liu H, Chen X. Programmable Invisible Photonic Patterns with Rapid Response Based on Two-Dimensional Colloidal Crystals. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13121926. [PMID: 34200568 PMCID: PMC8226874 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of invisible patterns via programmable patterning can lead to promising applications in optical encryption. This study reports a facile method for building responsive photonic crystal patterns. Commercially printed patterns were used as a mask to induce invisible patterns revealed by wetting. The masked areas exhibit different swelling kinetics, leading to strong structural colors in the masked area and transparent features in the unmasked area. The contrast could disappear through different wetting behavior, providing a unique and reversible wetting feature. This programmable printing is expected to become an environmentally friendly technique for scalable invisible optical anti-counterfeiting technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (N.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.); (W.H.)
| | - Zhikun Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (N.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.); (W.H.)
| | - Dingshan Yu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (N.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.); (W.H.)
| | - Wei Hong
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (N.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.); (W.H.)
| | - Hailu Liu
- Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Xudong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (N.L.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.); (W.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (X.C.)
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7
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Functional Micro–Nano Structure with Variable Colour: Applications for Anti-Counterfeiting. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/6519018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Colour patterns based on micro-nano structure have attracted enormous research interests due to unique optical switches and smart surface applications in photonic crystal, superhydrophobic surface modification, controlled adhesion, inkjet printing, biological detection, supramolecular self-assembly, anti-counterfeiting, optical device and other fields. In traditional methods, many patterns of micro-nano structure are derived from changes of refractive index or lattice parameters. Generally, the refractive index and lattice parameters of photonic crystals are processed by common solvents, salts or reactive monomers under specific electric, magnetic and stress conditions. This review focuses on the recent developments in the fabrication of micro-nano structures for patterns including styles, materials, methods and characteristics. It summarized the advantages and disadvantages of inkjet printing, angle-independent photonic crystal, self-assembled photonic crystals by magnetic field force, gravity, electric field, inverse opal photonic crystal, electron beam etching, ion beam etching, laser holographic lithography, imprinting technology and surface wrinkle technology, etc. This review will provide a summary on designing micro-nano patterns and details on patterns composed of photonic crystals by surface wrinkles technology and plasmonic micro-nano technology. In addition, colour patterns as switches are fabricated with good stability and reproducibility in anti-counterfeiting application. Finally, there will be a conclusion and an outlook on future perspectives.
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8
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Kim JB, Lee SY, Lee JM, Kim SH. Designing Structural-Color Patterns Composed of Colloidal Arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:14485-14509. [PMID: 30943000 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Structural coloration provides a great potential for various applications due to unique optical properties distinguished from conventional pigment colors. Structural colors are nonfading, iridescent, and tunable, which is difficult to achieve with pigments. In addition, structural color is potentially less toxic than pigments. However, it is challenging to develop structural colors because elaborate nanostructures are a prerequisite for the coloration. Furthermore, it is highly suggested the nanostructures be patterned at various length scales on a large area to provide practical formats. There have been intensive studies to develop pragmatic methods for producing structural-color patterns in a controlled manner using either colloidal crystals or glasses. This article reviews the current state of the art in the structural-color patterning based on the colloidal arrays. We first discuss common and different features between colloidal crystals and glasses. We then categorize colloidal arrays into six distinct structures of 3D opals, inverse opals, non-close-packed arrays, 2D colloidal crystals, 1D colloidal strings, and 3D amorphous arrays and study various methods to make them patterned from recent key contributions. Finally, we outline the current challenges and future perspectives of the structural-color patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Bin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Program) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Program) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Lee
- The Fourth R&D Institute , Agency for Defense Development , Daejeon 34060 , Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Program) , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
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9
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Zhong K, Li J, Liu L, Van Cleuvenbergen S, Song K, Clays K. Instantaneous, Simple, and Reversible Revealing of Invisible Patterns Encrypted in Robust Hollow Sphere Colloidal Photonic Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707246. [PMID: 29726040 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The colors of photonic crystals are based on their periodic crystalline structure. They show clear advantages over conventional chromophores for many applications, mainly due to their anti-photobleaching and responsiveness to stimuli. More specifically, combining colloidal photonic crystals and invisible patterns is important in steganography and watermarking for anticounterfeiting applications. Here a convenient way to imprint robust invisible patterns in colloidal crystals of hollow silica spheres is presented. While these patterns remain invisible under static environmental humidity, even up to near 100% relative humidity, they are unveiled immediately (≈100 ms) and fully reversibly by dynamic humid flow, e.g., human breath. They reveal themselves due to the extreme wettability of the patterned (etched) regions, as confirmed by contact angle measurements. The liquid surface tension threshold to induce wetting (revealing the imprinted invisible images) is evaluated by thermodynamic predictions and subsequently verified by exposure to various vapors with different surface tension. The color of the patterned regions is furthermore independently tuned by vapors with different refractive indices. Such a system can play a key role in applications such as anticounterfeiting, identification, and vapor sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Zhong
- Department of Chemistry KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Heverlee, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jiaqi Li
- IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, Heverlee, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liwang Liu
- Département d'Acoustique Physique UMR CNRS 5295, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la libération, 33405, Talence, France
| | | | - Kai Song
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Koen Clays
- Department of Chemistry KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Heverlee, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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10
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Walker D, Singh DP, Fischer P. Capture of 2D Microparticle Arrays via a UV-Triggered Thiol-yne "Click" Reaction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:9846-9850. [PMID: 27717081 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of colloidal assemblies onto solid supports via a fast UV-triggered click-reaction is achieved. Transient assemblies of microparticles and colloidal materials can be captured and transferred to solid supports. The technique does not require complex reaction conditions, and is compatible with a variety of particle assembly methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Walker
- Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dhruv P Singh
- Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peer Fischer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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11
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Schaffner M, England G, Kolle M, Aizenberg J, Vogel N. Combining Bottom-Up Self-Assembly with Top-Down Microfabrication to Create Hierarchical Inverse Opals with High Structural Order. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:4334-40. [PMID: 26042571 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal particles can assemble into ordered crystals, creating periodically structured materials at the nanoscale without relying on expensive equipment. The combination of small size and high order leads to strong interaction with visible light, which induces macroscopic, iridescent structural coloration. To increase the complexity and functionality, it is important to control the organization of such materials in hierarchical structures with high degrees of order spanning multiple length scales. Here, a bottom-up assembly of polystyrene particles in the presence of a silica sol-gel precursor material (tetraethylorthosilicate, TEOS), which creates crack-free inverse opal films with high positional order and uniform crystal alignment along the (110) crystal plane, is combined with top-down microfabrication techniques. Micrometer scale hierarchical superstructures having a highly regular internal nanostructure with precisely controlled crystal orientation and wall profiles are produced. The ability to combine structural order at the nano- and microscale enables the fabrication of materials with complex optical properties resulting from light-matter interactions at different length scales. As an example, a hierarchical diffraction grating, which combines Bragg reflection arising from the nanoscale periodicity of the inverse opal crystal with grating diffraction resulting from a micrometer scale periodicity, is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schaffner
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Grant England
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mathias Kolle
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Haberstr. 9a, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Engineering of Advanced Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbacherstr. 49, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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12
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Tian T, Gao N, Gu C, Li J, Wang H, Lan Y, Yin X, Li G. Chemically Patterned Inverse Opal Created by a Selective Photolysis Modification Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:19516-19525. [PMID: 26269453 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic photonic crystal materials have long been pursued for their broad applications. A novel method for creating chemically patterned inverse opals is proposed here. The patterning technique is based on selective photolysis of a photolabile polymer together with postmodification on released amine groups. The patterning method allows regioselective modification within an inverse opal structure, taking advantage of selective chemical reaction. Moreover, combined with the unique signal self-reporting feature of the photonic crystal, the fabricated structure is capable of various applications, including gradient photonic bandgap and dynamic chemical patterns. The proposed method provides the ability to extend the structural and chemical complexity of the photonic crystal, as well as its potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yue Lan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xianpeng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangtao Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
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13
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Vogel N, Retsch M, Fustin CA, del Campo A, Jonas U. Advances in Colloidal Assembly: The Design of Structure and Hierarchy in Two and Three Dimensions. Chem Rev 2015; 115:6265-311. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400081d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 531] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Vogel
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse
4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence - Engineering of Advanced Materials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Retsch
- Physical
Chemistry 1 - Polymer Systems, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße
30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Charles-André Fustin
- Institute
of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Bio- and Soft Matter
Division (BSMA), Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis
Pasteur 1, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Aranzazu del Campo
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrich Jonas
- Macromolecular
Chemistry, Cμ - The Research Center for Micro- and Nanochemistry
and Engineering, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
- Bio-Organic Materials Chemistry Laboratory (BOMCLab), Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Nikolaou Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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14
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Ding T, Smoukov SK, Baumberg JJ. Stamping colloidal photonic crystals: a facile way towards complex pixel colour patterns for sensing and displays. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:1857-1863. [PMID: 25522262 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr05934d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Patterning of colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs) has been strongly investigated in recent years for sensing and image displays. Rather than using traditional template-directed approaches, here microimprint lithography along with convective self-assembly is applied to generate complex CPC patterns that can be adjusted to show single- or dual-colour patterns or composite CPC patterns possessing two different colours. These composite CPC patterns show different wettability with water because of the surface chemistry of the polymers and silica used. This dramatically transforms the structural colours upon liquid infiltration. By mixing different ethanol concentrations with water, the infiltration efficiency can be further improved and easily read out from changes in reflection intensity and spectral peak shifts. Integrating these nano-architectures into devices can thus yield function as image displays and as sensors for solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ding
- Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
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15
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Ding T, Chen L, Long Y, Song K. Micro-patterning of 3D colloidal photonic crystals via solvent-assisted imprint lithography. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12958j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Micropatterning of colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs) is realised with a solvent-assisted imprinting technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ding
- Nanophotonics Centre
- Cavendish Laboratory
- University of Cambridge
- UK
| | - Li Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Long
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interface Science
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Kai Song
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interface Science
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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Bai L, Xie Z, Wang W, Yuan C, Zhao Y, Mu Z, Zhong Q, Gu Z. Bio-inspired vapor-responsive colloidal photonic crystal patterns by inkjet printing. ACS NANO 2014; 8:11094-100. [PMID: 25300045 DOI: 10.1021/nn504659p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Facile, fast, and cost-effective technology for patterning of responsive colloidal photonic crystals (CPCs) is of great importance for their practical applications. In this report, we develop a kind of responsive CPC patterns with multicolor shifting properties by inkjet printing mesoporous colloidal nanoparticle ink on both rigid and soft substrates. By adjusting the size and mesopores' proportion of nanoparticles, we can precisely control the original color and vapor-responsive color shift extent of mesoporous CPC. As a consequence, multicolor mesoporous CPCs patterns with complex vapor responsive color shifts or vapor-revealed implicit images are subsequently achieved. The complicated and reversible multicolor shifts of mesoporous CPC patterns are favorable for immediate recognition by naked eyes but hard to copy. This approach is favorable for integration of responsive CPCs with controllable responsive optical properties. Therefore, it is of great promise for developing advanced responsive CPC devices such as anticounterfeiting devices, multifunctional microchips, sensor arrays, or dynamic displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, China
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Ding T, Zhao Q, Smoukov SK, Baumberg JJ. Selectively Patterning Polymer Opal Films via Microimprint Lithography. ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS 2014; 2:1098-1104. [PMID: 26167447 PMCID: PMC4497474 DOI: 10.1002/adom.201400327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale structural color flexible coatings have been hard to create, and patterning color on them is key to many applications, including large-area strain sensors, wall-size displays, security devices, and smart fabrics. To achieve controlled tuning, a micro-imprinting technique is applied here to pattern both the surface morphology and the structural color of the polymer opal films (POFs). These POFs are made of 3D ordered arrays of hard spherical particles embedded inside soft shells. The soft outer shells cause the POFs to deform upon imprinting with a pre-patterned stamp, driving a flow of the soft polymer and a rearrangement of the hard spheres within the films. As a result, a patterned surface morphology is generated within the POFs and the structural colors are selectively modified within different regions. These changes are dependent on the pressure, temperature, and duration of imprinting, as well as the feature sizes in the stamps. Moreover, the pattern geometry and structural colors can then be further tuned by stretching. Micropattern color generation upon imprinting depends on control of colloidal transport in a polymer matrix under shear flow and brings many potential properties including stretchability and tunability, as well as being of fundamental interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ding
- Nanophotonic Centre Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK E-mail: ; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy 27 Charles Babbage Road University of Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Qibin Zhao
- Nanophotonic Centre Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK E-mail:
| | - Stoyan K Smoukov
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy 27 Charles Babbage Road University of Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- Nanophotonic Centre Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK E-mail:
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Li-bin W, Jing-xia W, Yan-lin S. RESEARCH PROGRESS OF FAST-RESPONSIVE POLYMER PHOTONIC CRYSTALS. ACTA POLYM SIN 2012. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2012.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang Z, Zhang J, Xie J, Yin Y, Wang Z, Shen H, Li Y, Li J, Liang S, Cui L, Zhang L, Zhang H, Yang B. Patterning organic/inorganic hybrid Bragg stacks by integrating one-dimensional photonic crystals and macrocavities through photolithography: toward tunable colorful patterns as highly selective sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:1397-1403. [PMID: 22304468 DOI: 10.1021/am201658d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a simple method to fabricate patterned organic/inorganic hybrid 1DPCs by top-down assisted photolithography. Versatile colorful pattern with different size and shape can be produced by selectively exposing the 1DPCs under UV light with predesigned photomask directly. The period change, especially the thickness variation of the top polymer layer, is the main reason for the colorful pattern generation. Because of the swelling property of the polymer layers, the pattern color can be modulated by introducing or taking off organic solvents, leading the as-prepared patterned 1DPCs to be effective sensors with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
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Wang L, Wang J, Huang Y, Liu M, Kuang M, Li Y, Jiang L, Song Y. Inkjet printed colloidal photonic crystal microdot with fast response induced by hydrophobic transition of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33411a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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