1
|
Siegwardt L, Glößner V, Boehm A, Schneider M, Gallei M. Poly(4-vinylpyridine) and Poly(methacrylic acid) Particle Architectures for pH-Responsive and Mechanochromic Opal Films. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:10722-10735. [PMID: 38350063 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
While stimuli-responsive structural colors are commonly found in nature, mimicking these in artificial materials is challenging. Dynamically switchable and tunable coloration, however, is in high demand in widespread fields of applications, including advanced display and monitoring technologies, smart sensing, and anticounterfeiting. This work reports a scalable protocol for the synthesis of tailor-made core-shell particles and subsequent processing to opal films with iridescent, pH-responsive, and mechanochromic structural color. Novel monodisperse core-shell architectures based on hard polystyrene core particles are synthesized via stepwise emulsion polymerization in a starved-feed mode. The incorporation of 4-vinylpyridine and methacrylic acid as functional comonomers in the soft particle shell facilitates pH-responsive swelling and deswelling. Mechanically stable and well-ordered colloidal crystal films are obtained by the self-assembly of the particles during processing with the powerful melt-shear organization technique. Thereby obtained opal films show Bragg-scattering at the colloidal crystalline structure and exhibit brilliant green-turquoise to blue-violet reflection colors, dependent on the angle of view and illumination. Upon changes in the pH value or mechanical deformation, the reflected wavelength shifts by more than 100 nm, leading to intriguing changes in the visible structural color. Excellent reversibility is achieved by the subsequent application of a convenient UV cross-linking strategy, corroborating the high application potential of these advanced functional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Siegwardt
- Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Victoria Glößner
- Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Anna Boehm
- Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Marc Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Saarene, Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang C, Shu FJ, Zou CL, Dong H, Yao J, Zhao YS. Organic Synthetic Photonic Systems with Reconfigurable Parity-Time Symmetry Breaking for Tunable Single-Mode Microlasers. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2300054. [PMID: 36744301 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic photonic materials exploiting the quantum concept of parity-time (PT) symmetry lead to an emerging photonic paradigm-non-Hermitian photonics, which is revolutionizing the photonic sciences. The non-Hermitian photonics dealing with the interplay between gain and loss in PT synthetic photonic material systems offers a versatile platform for advancing microlaser technology. However, current PT-symmetric microcavity laser systems only manipulate imaginary parts of the refractive indices, suffering from limited laser spectral bandwidth. Here, an organic composite material system is proposed to synthesize reconfigurable PT-symmetric microcavities with controllable complex refractive indices for realizing tunable single-mode laser outputs. A grayscale electron-beam direct-writing technique is elaborately designed to process laser dye-doped polymer films in one single step into microdisk cavities with periodic gain and loss distribution, which enables thresholdless PT-symmetry breaking and single-mode laser operation. Furthermore, organic photoisomerizable compounds are introduced to reconfigure the PT-symmetric systems in real-time by tailoring the real refractive index of the polymer microresonators, allowing for a dynamically and continuously tunable single-mode laser output. This work fundamentally enhances the PT-symmetric photonic systems for innovative design of synthetic photonic materials and architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Jie Shu
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Microcavity and Photoelectric Intelligent Sensing, School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Haiyun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yoshioka D, Kishikawa K, Kohri M. A Flexible and Robust Structural Color Film Obtained by Assembly of Surface-Modified Melanin Particles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12193338. [PMID: 36234466 PMCID: PMC9565605 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, core-shell-hairy-type melanin particles surface modified with a polydopamine shell layer and a polymer brush hairy layer were fabricated and assembled to readily obtain bright structural color films. The hot pressing of freeze-dried samples of melanin particles decorated with a hydrophilic, low glass transition temperature polymer brush results in films that exhibit an angle-dependent structural color due to a highly periodic microstructure, with increased regularity in the arrangement of the particle array due to the fluidity of the particles. Flexible, self-supporting, and easy-to-cut and process structural color films are obtained, and their flexibility and robustness are demonstrated using compression tests. This method of obtaining highly visible structural color films using melanin particles as a single component will have a significant impact on practical materials and applications.
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Polymer indicators are autonomous responsive materials that provide an optical signal of a specific exposure in time. This review describes the different polymer systems utilized to obtain indicators based on structural color. Structural color originates from the interaction of light with a periodic nanostructured polymer which causes a specific wavelength to be reflected. This reflected light can be used for fabricating battery-free indicators that show visible structural color changes upon exposure to a stimulus or analyte. In this review, the typical structural color response types categorized by stimulus are discussed and compared. Furthermore, the steps toward possible applications of optical indicators based on structural colored polymers are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yari Foelen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyDen Dolech 2Eindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyDen Dolech 2Eindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Albert P. H. J. Schenning
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyDen Dolech 2Eindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyDen Dolech 2Eindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- SCNU‐TUE Joint Laboratory of Device Integrated Responsive Materials (DIRM)South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou510006China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Santos MV, Maturi FE, Pecoraro É, Barud HS, Lima LR, Ferreira RAS, Carlos LD, Ribeiro SJL. Cellulose Based Photonic Materials Displaying Direction Modulated Photoluminescence. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:617328. [PMID: 33859978 PMCID: PMC8042215 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.617328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Photonic materials featuring simultaneous iridescence and light emission are an attractive alternative for designing novel optical devices. The luminescence study of a new optical material that integrates light emission and iridescence through liquid crystal self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystal-template silica approach is herein presented. These materials containing Rhodamine 6G were obtained as freestanding composite films with a chiral nematic organization. The scanning electron microscopy confirms that the cellulose nanocrystal film structure comprises multi-domain Bragg reflectors and the optical properties of these films can be tuned through changes in the relative content of silica/cellulose nanocrystals. Moreover, the incorporation of the light-emitting compound allows a complementary control of the optical properties. Overall, such findings demonstrated that the photonic structure plays the role of direction-dependent inner-filter, causing selective suppression of the light emitted with angle-dependent detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molíria V Santos
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.,Department of Physics, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fernando E Maturi
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.,Department of Physics, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Édison Pecoraro
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Hernane S Barud
- Biopolymers and Biomaterials Laboratory, University of Araraquara, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Laís R Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Rute A S Ferreira
- Department of Physics, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís D Carlos
- Department of Physics, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sidney J L Ribeiro
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tran A, Boott CE, MacLachlan MJ. Understanding the Self-Assembly of Cellulose Nanocrystals-Toward Chiral Photonic Materials. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1905876. [PMID: 32009259 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Over millions of years, animals and plants have evolved complex molecules and structures that endow them with vibrant colors. Among the sources of natural coloration, structural color is prominent in insects, bird feathers, snake skin, plants, and other organisms, where the color arises from the interaction of light with nanoscale features rather than absorption from a pigment. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a biorenewable resource that spontaneously organize into chiral nematic liquid crystals having a hierarchical structure that resembles the Bouligand structure of arthropod shells. The periodic, chiral nematic organization of CNC films leads them to diffract light, making them appear iridescent. Over the past two decades, there have been many advances to develop the photonic properties of CNCs for applications ranging from cosmetics to sensors. Here, the origin of color in CNCs, the control of photonic properties of CNC films, the development of new composite materials of CNCs that can yield flexible photonic structures, and the future challenges in this field are discussed. In particular, recent efforts to make flexible photonic materials using CNCs are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Mail Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Charlotte E Boott
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Mail Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Mark J MacLachlan
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Mail Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Salameh C, Salviat F, Bessot E, Lama M, Chassot JM, Moulongui E, Wang Y, Robin M, Bardouil A, Selmane M, Artzner F, Marcellan A, Sanchez C, Giraud-Guille MM, Faustini M, Carminati R, Nassif N. Origin of transparency in scattering biomimetic collagen materials. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:11947-53. [PMID: 32424103 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001178117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Living tissues, heterogeneous at the microscale, usually scatter light. Strong scattering is responsible for the whiteness of bones, teeth, and brain and is known to limit severely the performances of biomedical optical imaging. Transparency is also found within collagen-based extracellular tissues such as decalcified ivory, fish scales, or cornea. However, its physical origin is still poorly understood. Here, we unveil the presence of a gap of transparency in scattering fibrillar collagen matrices within a narrow range of concentration in the phase diagram. This precholesteric phase presents a three-dimensional (3D) orientational order biomimetic of that in natural tissues. By quantitatively studying the relation between the 3D fibrillar network and the optical and mechanical properties of the macroscopic matrices, we show that transparency results from structural partial order inhibiting light scattering, while preserving mechanical stability, stiffness, and nonlinearity. The striking similarities between synthetic and natural materials provide insights for better understanding the occurring transparency.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gifford BJ, Saha A, Weight BM, He X, Ao G, Zheng M, Htoon H, Kilina S, Doorn SK, Tretiak S. Mod(n-m,3) Dependence of Defect-State Emission Bands in Aryl-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes. Nano Lett 2019; 19:8503-8509. [PMID: 31682455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are potentially useful for fiber optical applications due to their room temperature single-photon emission capacity at telecommunication wavelengths. Several distinct defect geometries are generated upon covalent functionalization. While it has been shown that the defect geometry controls electron localization around the defect site, thereby changing the electronic structure and generating new optically bright red-shifted emission bands, the reasons for such localization remain unexplained. Our joint experimental and computational studies of functionalized SWCNTs with various chiralities show that the value of mod(n-m,3) in an (n,m) chiral nanotube plays a key role in the relative ordering of defect-dependent emission energies. This dependence is linked to the complex nodal characteristics of electronic wave function extending along specific bonds in the tube, which justifies the defect-geometry dependent exciton localization. This insight helps to uncover the essential structural motifs allowing tuning the redshifts of emission energies in functionalized SWCNTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Avishek Saha
- CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organization , Chandigarh 160030 , India
| | | | | | - Geyou Ao
- Materials Science and Engineering Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899-8540 , United States
| | - Ming Zheng
- Materials Science and Engineering Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899-8540 , United States
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gallei M, Rüttiger C. Recent Trends in Metallopolymer Design: Redox-Controlled Surfaces, Porous Membranes, and Switchable Optical Materials Using Ferrocene-Containing Polymers. Chemistry 2018; 24:10006-10021. [PMID: 29532972 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Metallopolymers with metal functionalities are a unique class of functional materials. Their redox-mediated optoelectronic and catalytic switching capabilities, their outstanding structure formation and separation capabilities have been reported recently. Within this Minireview, the scope and limitations of intriguing ferrocene-containing systems will be discussed. In the first section recent advances in metallopolymer design will be given leading to a plethora of novel metallopolymer architectures. Discussed synthetic pathways comprise controlled and living polymerization protocols as well as surface immobilization strategies. In the following sections, we focus on recent advances and new applications for side-chain and main-chain ferrocene-containing polymers as (i) remote-switchable materials, (ii) smart surfaces, (iii) redox-responsive membranes, and some recent trends in (iv) photonic structures and (v) other optical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gallei
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Rüttiger
- Ernst-Berl Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Inspired by how cells pack in dense biological tissues, we design 2D and 3D amorphous materials that possess a complete photonic bandgap. A physical parameter based on how cells adhere with one another and regulate their shapes can continuously tune the photonic bandgap size as well as the bulk mechanical properties of the material. The material can be tuned to go through a solid-fluid phase transition characterized by a vanishing shear modulus. Remarkably, the photonic bandgap persists in the fluid phase, giving rise to a photonic fluid that is robust to flow and rearrangements. Experimentally this design should lead to the engineering of self-assembled nonrigid photonic structures with photonic bandgaps that can be controlled in real time via mechanical and thermal tuning.
Collapse
|
11
|
Appold M, Grune E, Frey H, Gallei M. One-Step Anionic Copolymerization Enables Formation of Linear Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Block Copolymer Films Featuring Vivid Structural Colors in the Bulk State. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:18202-18212. [PMID: 29737829 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ultrahigh-molecular-weight (UHMW) tapered block copolymers (BCPs) consisting of polyisoprene- block-poly(4-methylstyrene) featuring overall molar masses in the range of 1101-2033 kg mol-1 ( Mw) are synthesized via a convenient one-step anionic copolymerization protocol. The obtained UHMW BCPs are investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, size exclusion chromatography, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Microphase separation for the UHMW BCPs in the bulk state is investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing well-ordered lamellar and spherical domains with large domain sizes in the range of 100-200 nm. Excellent order and periodicity are observed for lamellar morphologies over large film areas of 90 × 120 μm. Because of this high order of the underlying domains and the different refractive indices of the block segments, vivid structural colors can be observed in the bulk state. Structural colors of BCP films are investigated by angle-dependent UV/vis measurements, revealing intensive reflection colors according to Bragg's law of diffraction. The optical characteristics are directly correlated to TEM and SEM results. Moreover, colored BCP films featuring spherical domains for one block segment with domain sizes of 97-122 nm revealed blue structural colors stemming from disordered particle scattering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Appold
- Ernst-Berl-Institute for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Eduard Grune
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
- Graduate School of Excellence Materials Science in Mainz (MAINZ) , Staudingerweg 9 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Duesbergweg 10-14 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Ernst-Berl-Institute for Chemical Engineering and Macromolecular Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kohri M, Yanagimoto K, Kawamura A, Hamada K, Imai Y, Watanabe T, Ono T, Taniguchi T, Kishikawa K. Polydopamine-Based 3D Colloidal Photonic Materials: Structural Color Balls and Fibers from Melanin-Like Particles with Polydopamine Shell Layers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:7640-7648. [PMID: 28661653 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nature creates beautiful structural colors, and some of these colors are produced by nanostructural arrays of melanin. Polydopamine (PDA), an artificial black polymer produced by self-oxidative polymerization of dopamine, has attracted extensive attention because of its unique properties. PDA is a melanin-like material, and recent studies have reported that photonic materials based on PDA particles showed structural colors by enhancing color saturation through the absorption of scattered light. Herein, we describe the preparation of three-dimensional (3D) colloidal photonic materials, such as structural color balls and fibers, from biomimetic core-shell particles with melanin-like PDA shell layers. Structural color balls were prepared through the combined use of membrane emulsion and heating. We also demonstrated the use of microfluidic emulsification and solvent diffusion for the fabrication of structural color fibers. The obtained 3D colloidal materials, i.e., balls and fibers, exhibited angle-independent structural colors due to the amorphous assembly of PDA-containing particles. These findings provide new insight for the development of dye-free technology for the coloration of various 3D colloidal architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michinari Kohri
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Kenshi Yanagimoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Ayaka Kawamura
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Kosuke Hamada
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka , Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530 , Japan
| | - Takaichi Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka , Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530 , Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ono
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka , Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530 , Japan
| | - Tatsuo Taniguchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Keiki Kishikawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ortega J, Folcia CL, Etxebarria J. Upgrading the Performance of Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Lasers: Improvement Margins and Limitations. Materials (Basel) 2017; 11:ma11010005. [PMID: 29267238 PMCID: PMC5793503 DOI: 10.3390/ma11010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The topic of cholesteric-liquid-crystal lasers is a rapidly expanding research area in the field of soft-matter photonics. The increasing interest in this field is due to the high versatility that these lasers may possibly present and the prospects of giving rise to new miniaturized devices. However, further improvements in their operation capabilities are still required for potential applications. In this paper, we critically analyze the main strategies proposed up to now to optimize their performance. We show theoretically and experimentally that possible innovations in the device structure cannot produce lasers with threshold energies below a certain limit. This limit is determined by the light scattering and absorption losses inside the liquid crystal. Even assuming the case of samples free of defects and perfectly non-absorbing, an intrinsic light scattering, typical of mesogens, still remains. Numerical estimates of the thresholds indicate that these lasers could hardly be driven by compact light sources such as current electroluminescent or light-emitting diodes. Since the improvement possibilities regarding cell architecture seem to be exhausted, the advance must come from the use of new dye molecules. These molecules should show enhanced emission cross-sections and be efficiently integrable within the mesogenic solvent. In addition, the fluorescent systems must present very small quantum yields to triplet states if continuous-wave lasing is sought. In this respect, quantum dots are an alternative to explore for further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josu Ortega
- Department of Applied Physics II, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - César L Folcia
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Jesús Etxebarria
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lu T, Pan H, Ma J, Li Y, Bokhari SW, Jiang X, Zhu S, Zhang D. Cellulose Nanocrystals/Polyacrylamide Composites of High Sensitivity and Cycling Performance To Gauge Humidity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:18231-18237. [PMID: 28489948 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have attracted much interest due to their unique optical property, rich resource, environment friendliness, and templating potentials. CNCs have been reported as novel photonic humidity sensors, which are unfortunately limited by the dissolution and unideal moisture absorption of CNCs. We, in this study, developed a high-performance photonic humidity composite sensor that consisted of CNCs and polyacrylamide; chemical bonding was induced between the two components by using glutaraldehyde as a bridging agent. The composites inherited the chiral nematic structure of CNCs and maintained it well through a cycling test. A distinct color change was observed for these composites used as a humidity indicator; the change was caused by polyacrylamide swelling with water and thus enlarging the helical pitch of the chiral nematic structure. The composites showed no degradation of the sensing performance through cycling. The excellent cycling stability was attributed to the bonding between polyacrylamide and CNCs. This composite strategy can extend to the development of other photonic indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- School of Advanced Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering, University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Syeda Wishal Bokhari
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Shenmin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Askes SH, Leeuwenburgh VC, Pomp W, Arjmandi-Tash H, Tanase S, Schmidt T, Bonnet S. Water-Dispersible Silica-Coated Upconverting Liposomes: Can a Thin Silica Layer Protect TTA-UC against Oxygen Quenching? ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:322-334. [PMID: 28317022 PMCID: PMC5350605 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Light upconversion by triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA-UC) in nanoparticles has received considerable attention for bioimaging and light activation of prodrugs. However, the mechanism of TTA-UC is inherently sensitive for quenching by molecular oxygen. A potential oxygen protection strategy is the coating of TTA-UC nanoparticles with a layer of oxygen-impermeable material. In this work, we explore if (organo)silica can fulfill this protecting role. Three synthesis routes are described for preparing water-dispersible (organo)silica-coated red-to-blue upconverting liposomes. Their upconversion properties are investigated in solution and in A549 lung carcinoma cells. Although it was found that the silica offered no protection from oxygen in solution and after uptake in A549 cancer cells, upon drying of the silica-coated liposome dispersion in an excess of (organo)silica precursor, interesting liposome-silica nanocomposite materials were obtained that were capable of generating blue light upon red light excitation in air.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven H.
C. Askes
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry and Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent C. Leeuwenburgh
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry and Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Pomp
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry and Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hadi Arjmandi-Tash
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry and Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stefania Tanase
- Van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry and Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry and Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm)-based hydrogels and hydrogel particles (microgels) have been extensively studied since their discovery a number of decades ago. While their utility seems to have no limit, this feature article is focused on their development and application for sensing small molecules, macromolecules, and biomolecules. We highlight hydrogel/microgel-based photonic materials that have order in one, two, or three dimensions, which exhibit optical properties that depend on the presence and concentration of various analytes. A particular focus is put on one-dimensional materials developed in the Serpe Group.
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Natural high-performance materials inspire the pursuit of ordered hard/soft nanocomposite structures at high fractions of reinforcements and with balanced molecular interactions. Herein, we develop a facile, waterborne self-assembly pathway to mimic the multiscale cuticle structure of the crustacean armor by combining hard reinforcing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with soft poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). We show iridescent CNC nanocomposites with cholesteric liquid-crystal structure, in which different helical pitches and photonic band gaps can be realized by varying the CNC/PVA ratio. We further show that multilayered crustacean-mimetic materials with tailored periodicity and layered cuticular structure can be obtained by sequential preparation pathways. The transition from a cholesteric to a disordered structure occurs for a critical polymer concentration. Correspondingly, we find a transition from stiff and strong mechanical behavior to materials with increasing ductility. Crack propagation studies using scanning electron microscopy visualize the different crack growth and toughening mechanisms inside cholesteric nanocomposites as a function of the interstitial polymer content for the first time. Different extents of crack deflection, layered delamination, ligament bridging, and constrained microcracking can be observed. Drawing of highly plasticized films sheds light on the mechanistic details of the transition from a cholesteric/chiral nematic to a nematic structure. The study demonstrates how self-assembly of biobased CNCs in combination with suitable polymers can be used to replicate a hierarchical biological structure and how future design of these ordered multifunctional nanocomposites can be optimized by understanding mechanistic details of deformation and fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baochun Wang
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials , Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials , Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tian T, Gao N, Gu C, Li J, Wang H, Lan Y, Yin X, Li G. Chemically Patterned Inverse Opal Created by a Selective Photolysis Modification Process. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:19516-19525. [PMID: 26269453 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic photonic crystal materials have long been pursued for their broad applications. A novel method for creating chemically patterned inverse opals is proposed here. The patterning technique is based on selective photolysis of a photolabile polymer together with postmodification on released amine groups. The patterning method allows regioselective modification within an inverse opal structure, taking advantage of selective chemical reaction. Moreover, combined with the unique signal self-reporting feature of the photonic crystal, the fabricated structure is capable of various applications, including gradient photonic bandgap and dynamic chemical patterns. The proposed method provides the ability to extend the structural and chemical complexity of the photonic crystal, as well as its potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yue Lan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xianpeng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangtao Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Míguez H. Sunlight absorption engineering for thermophotovoltaics: contributions from the optical design. ChemSusChem 2015; 8:786-788. [PMID: 25677828 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201403361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, solar thermophotovoltaic systems constitute a platform in which sophisticated optical material designs are put into practice with the aim of achieving the long sought after dream of developing an efficient energy conversion device based on this concept. Recent advances demonstrate that higher efficiencies are at reach using photonic nanostructures amenable to mass production and scale-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Míguez
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla (Spain).
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Giese M, Blusch LK, Khan MK, Hamad WY, MacLachlan MJ. Responsive mesoporous photonic cellulose films by supramolecular cotemplating. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8880-4. [PMID: 24981200 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose-based materials have been and continue to be exceptionally important for humankind. Considering the bioavailability and societal relevance of cellulose, turning this renewable resource into an active material is a vital step towards sustainability. Herein we report a new form of cellulose-derived material that combines tunable photonic properties with a unique mesoporous structure resulting from a new supramolecular cotemplating method. A composite of cellulose nanocrystals and a urea-formaldehyde resin organizes into a chiral nematic assembly, which yields a chiral nematic mesoporous continuum of desulfated cellulose nanocrystals after alkaline treatment. The mesoporous photonic cellulose (MPC) films undergo rapid and reversible changes in color upon swelling, and can be used for pressure sensing. These new active mesoporous cellulosic materials have potential applications in biosensing, optics, functional membranes, chiral separation, and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Giese
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1 (Canada) http://www.chem.ubc.ca/mark-maclachlan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Islam MR, Ahiabu A, Li X, Serpe MJ. Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel-based optical devices for sensing and biosensing. Sensors (Basel) 2014; 14:8984-95. [PMID: 24854361 PMCID: PMC4063031 DOI: 10.3390/s140508984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Responsive polymer-based materials have found numerous applications due to their ease of synthesis and the variety of stimuli that they can be made responsive to. In this review, we highlight the group's efforts utilizing thermoresponsive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) microgel-based optical devices for various sensing and biosensing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molla R Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Andrews Ahiabu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Michael J Serpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|