1
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Han SI, Huang C, Han A. In-droplet cell separation based on bipolar dielectrophoretic response to facilitate cellular droplet assays. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3832-3841. [PMID: 32926042 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00710b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Precise manipulation of cells within water-in-oil emulsion droplets has the potential to vastly expand the type of cellular assays that can be conducted in droplet-based microfluidics systems. However, achieving such manipulation remains challenging. Here, we present an in-droplet label-free cell separation technology by utilizing different dielectrophoretic responses of two different cell types. Two pairs of angled planar electrodes were utilized to generate positive or negative dielectrophoretic force acting on each cell type, which results in selective in-droplet movement of only one specific cell type at a time. A downstream asymmetric Y-shaped microfluidic junction splits the mother droplet into two daughter droplets, each of which contains only one cell type. The capability of this platform was successfully demonstrated by conducting in-droplet separation from a mixture of Salmonella cells and macrophages, two cell types commonly used as a bacterial pathogenicity analysis model. This technology enable the precise manipulation of cells within droplets, which can be exploited as a critical function in implementing broader ranges of droplet-based microfluidics cellular assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-I Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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2
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Trembecka-Wójciga K, Kopernik M, Surmiak M, Major R, Gawlikowski M, Bruckert F, Kot M, Lackner JM. Effect of the mechanical properties of carbon-based coatings on the mechanics of cell-material interactions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 197:111359. [PMID: 33032179 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The paper presents an influence of the surface mechanical properties of thin-film materials on blood cell adhesion under shear stress conditions. Physical vapour deposited (PVD) coatings i.e. hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) doped with nitrogen or silicon have been investigated. The mechanical properties of materials, namely their microhardness and Young's modulus were measured using indentation test with Rockwell indenter. The adhesion efficiency of blood cells in dynamic conditions were analysed using a radial flow chamber. Red blood cells (RBC) were used as representative cells to analyse cell-material interactions. The biomaterial examinations were performed under physiological flow conditions at the single-cell level. The 3D FVM (finite volume method) model of multi-phase radial flow test was developed to reproduce the physical test and to predict distributions of shear stresses and velocity during blood washout with PBS. Cell-material interactions were found to be strongly associated with the mechanical properties of the thin-film material. The decrease in the hardness of the coatings translated into a weaker cell - material interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Trembecka-Wójciga
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Reymonta St. 25, Cracow, Poland
| | - M Kopernik
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Str. 30, Cracow, Poland.
| | - M Surmiak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawinska Str. 8, Cracow, Poland
| | - R Major
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Reymonta St. 25, Cracow, Poland
| | - M Gawlikowski
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biosensors and Processing of Biomedical Signals, Roosevelt Str. 40, Zabrze, Poland
| | - F Bruckert
- Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique - UMR 5628, 3 parvis Louis Néel, Grenoble Cedex 1, France
| | - M Kot
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Str. 30, Cracow, Poland
| | - J M Lackner
- Joanneum Research Forschungsges mbH, Institute of Surface Technologies and Photonics, Functional Surfaces, Leobner Strasse 94, A-8712, Niklasdorf, Austria
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3
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Microfluidic models of physiological or pathological flow shear stress for cell biology, disease modeling and drug development. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Liu B, Blanch AJ, Namvar A, Carmo O, Tiash S, Andrew D, Hanssen E, Rajagopal V, Dixon MW, Tilley L. Multimodal analysis of
Plasmodium knowlesi
‐infected erythrocytes reveals large invaginations, swelling of the host cell, and rheological defects. Cell Microbiol 2019; 21:e13005. [PMID: 30634201 PMCID: PMC6593759 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The simian parasite Plasmodium knowlesi causes severe and fatal malaria infections in humans, but the process of host cell remodelling that underpins the pathology of this zoonotic parasite is only poorly understood. We have used serial block‐face scanning electron microscopy to explore the topography of P. knowlesi‐infected red blood cells (RBCs) at different stages of asexual development. The parasite elaborates large flattened cisternae (Sinton Mulligan's clefts) and tubular vesicles in the host cell cytoplasm, as well as parasitophorous vacuole membrane bulges and blebs, and caveolar structures at the RBC membrane. Large invaginations of host RBC cytoplasm are formed early in development, both from classical cytostomal structures and from larger stabilised pores. Although degradation of haemoglobin is observed in multiple disconnected digestive vacuoles, the persistence of large invaginations during development suggests inefficient consumption of the host cell cytoplasm. The parasite eventually occupies ~40% of the host RBC volume, inducing a 20% increase in volume of the host RBC and an 11% decrease in the surface area to volume ratio, which collectively decreases the ability of the P. knowlesi‐infected RBCs to enter small capillaries of a human erythrocyte microchannel analyser. Ektacytometry reveals a markedly decreased deformability, whereas correlative light microscopy/scanning electron microscopy and python‐based skeleton analysis (Skan) reveal modifications to the surface of infected RBCs that underpin these physical changes. We show that P. knowlesi‐infected RBCs are refractory to treatment with sorbitol lysis but are hypersensitive to hypotonic lysis. The observed physical changes in the host RBCs may underpin the pathology observed in patients infected with P. knowlesi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Adam J. Blanch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Arman Namvar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Olivia Carmo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Snigdha Tiash
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Dean Andrew
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Eric Hanssen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Advanced Microscopy Facility Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Matthew W.A. Dixon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Leann Tilley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute Melbourne Victoria Australia
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5
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Alloush MM, Liermann M, Zedan A, Oweis GF. A Novel Pulse Damper for Endothelial Cell Flow Bioreactors. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2018; 10:95-111. [PMID: 30488177 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-018-00394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peristaltic pumps (PP) are favored in flow bioreactors for their non-contact sterile design. But they produce pulsatile flow, which is consequential for the cultured cells. A novel pulse damper (PD) is reported for pulsatility elimination. METHODS The PD design was implemented to target static pressure pulsatility and flow rate (velocity) pulsatility from a PP. Damping effectiveness was tested in a macro-scale, closed-loop recirculating bioreactor mimicking the aortic arch at flow rates up to (4 L/min). Time-resolved particle image velocimetry was used to characterize the velocity field. Endothelial cells (EC) were grown in the bioreactor, and subjected to continuous flow for 15 min with or without PD. RESULTS The PD was found to be nearly 90% effective at reducing pulsatility. The EC exposed to low PP flow without PD exhibited distress signaling in the form of increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation (2.5 folds) when compared to those exposed to the same flow with PD. At high pump flow without PD, the cells detached and did not survive, while they were perfectly healthy with PD. CONCLUSIONS Flow pulsatility from PP causes EC distress at low flow and cell detachment at high flow. Elevated temporal shear stress gradient combined with elevated shear stress magnitude at high flow are believed to be the cause of cell detachment and death. The proposed PD design was effective at minimizing the hemodynamic stressors in the pump's output, demonstrably reducing cell distress. Adoption of the proposed PD design in flow bioreactors should improve experimental protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Alloush
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MS Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - M Liermann
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MS Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.,Danfoss Power Solutions, Krokamp 35, 24539, Neumünster, Germany
| | - A Zedan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - G F Oweis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MS Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon.
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6
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Rothbauer M, Zirath H, Ertl P. Recent advances in microfluidic technologies for cell-to-cell interaction studies. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:249-270. [PMID: 29143053 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00815e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic cell cultures are ideally positioned to become the next generation of in vitro diagnostic tools for biomedical research, where key biological processes such as cell signalling and dynamic cell-to-cell interactions can be reliably analysed under reproducible physiological cell culture conditions. In the last decade, a large number of microfluidic cell analysis systems have been developed for a variety of applications including drug target optimization, drug screening and toxicological testing. More recently, advanced in vitro microfluidic cell culture systems have emerged that are capable of replicating the complex three-dimensional architectures of tissues and organs and thus represent valid biological models for investigating the mechanism and function of human tissue structures, as well as studying the onset and progression of diseases such as cancer. In this review, we present the most important developments in single-cell, 2D and 3D microfluidic cell culture systems for studying cell-to-cell interactions published over the last 6 years, with a focus on cancer research and immunotherapy, vascular models and neuroscience. In addition, the current technological development of microdevices with more advanced physiological cell microenvironments that integrate multiple organ models, namely, the so-called body-, human- and multi-organ-on-a-chip, is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Rothbauer
- Vienna University of Technology, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
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7
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Kömpf D, Held J, Müller SF, Drechsel HR, Tschan SC, Northoff H, Mordmüller B, Gehring FK. Real-time measurement of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocyte cytoadhesion with a quartz crystal microbalance. Malar J 2016; 15:317. [PMID: 27296675 PMCID: PMC4906606 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1374-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An important virulence mechanism of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is cytoadhesion, the binding of infected erythrocytes to endothelial cells in the second half of asexual blood stage development. Conventional methods to investigate adhesion of infected erythrocytes are mostly performed under static conditions, many are based on manual or semi-automated read-outs and are, therefore, difficult to standardize. Quartz crystal microbalances (QCM) are sensitive to nanogram-scale changes in mass and biomechanical properties and are increasingly used in biomedical research. Here, the ability of QCM is explored to measure binding of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes to two receptors: CD36 and chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) under flow conditions. Methods Binding of late stage P. falciparum parasites is measured in comparison to uninfected erythrocytes to CD36- and CSA-coated quartzes by QCM observing frequency shifts. CD36-expressing cell membrane fragments and CSA polysaccharide were coated via poly-l-lysine to the quartz. The method was validated by microscopic counting of attached parasites and of erythrocytes to the coated quartzes. Results Frequency shifts indicating binding of infected erythrocytes could be observed for both receptors CD36 and CSA. The frequency shifts seen for infected and uninfected erythrocytes were strongly correlated to the microscopically counted numbers of attached cells. Conclusions In this proof-of-concept experiment it is shown that QCM is a promising tool to measure binding kinetics and specificity of ligand-receptor interactions using viable, parasite-infected erythrocytes. The method can improve the understanding of the virulence of P. falciparum and might be used to cross-validate other methods. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1374-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kömpf
- Biosensor Research Group, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,State Health Office Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jana Held
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. .,DZIF-Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Stefani F Müller
- Biosensor Research Group, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hartmut R Drechsel
- Biosensor Research Group, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,3T GmbH & Co KG, Tuttlingen, Germany
| | - Serena C Tschan
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZIF-Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hinnak Northoff
- Biosensor Research Group, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Mordmüller
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DZIF-Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Standort Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank K Gehring
- Biosensor Research Group, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. .,3T GmbH & Co KG, Tuttlingen, Germany.
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8
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Sato K, Sasaki N, Svahn HA, Sato K. Microfluidics for nano-pathophysiology. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 74:115-21. [PMID: 24001983 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems hold promise for innovative medical treatment of cancers. While drug materials are constantly under development, there are no practical cell-based models to assess whether these materials can reach the target tissue. Recently developed microfluidic systems have revolutionized cell-based experiments. In these systems, vascular endothelial cells and interstitium are set in microchannels that mimic microvessels. Drug permeability can be assayed in these blood vessel models under fluidic conditions that mimic blood flow. In this review, we describe device fabrication, disease model development, nanoparticle permeability assays, and the potential utility of these systems in the future.
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9
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Rigat-Brugarolas LG, Elizalde-Torrent A, Bernabeu M, De Niz M, Martin-Jaular L, Fernandez-Becerra C, Homs-Corbera A, Samitier J, del Portillo HA. A functional microengineered model of the human splenon-on-a-chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:1715-1724. [PMID: 24663955 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc51449h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ specialized in the filtration of senescent, damaged, or infected red blood cells. This unique filtering capacity is largely due to blood microcirculation through filtration beds of the splenic red pulp in an open-slow microcirculation compartment where the hematocrit increases, facilitating the recognition and destruction of unhealthy red blood cells by specialized macrophages. Moreover, in sinusal spleens such as those of humans, blood in the open-slow microcirculation compartment has a unidirectional passage through interendothelial slits before reaching the venous system. This further physical constraint represents a second stringent test for erythrocytes ensuring elimination of those cells lacking deformability. With the aim of replicating the filtering function of the spleen on a chip, we have designed a novel microengineered device mimicking the hydrodynamic forces and the physical properties of the splenon, the minimal functional unit of the red pulp able to maintain filtering functions. In this biomimetic platform, we have evaluated the mechanical and physiological responses of the splenon using human red blood cells and malaria-infected cells. This novel device should facilitate future functional studies of the spleen in relation to malaria and other hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Rigat-Brugarolas
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Stemple CC, Angus SV, Park TS, Yoon JY. Smartphone-Based Optofluidic Lab-on-a-Chip for Detecting Pathogens from Blood. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:35-41. [DOI: 10.1177/2211068213498241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Clonal variants of Plasmodium falciparum exhibit a narrow range of rolling velocities to host receptor CD36 under dynamic flow conditions. EUKARYOTIC CELL 2013; 12:1490-8. [PMID: 24014767 DOI: 10.1128/ec.00148-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cytoadhesion of Plasmodium falciparum parasitized red blood cells (pRBCs) has been implicated in the virulence of malaria infection. Cytoadhesive interactions are mediated by the protein family of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1). The PfEMP1 family is under strong antibody and binding selection, resulting in extensive sequence and size variation of the extracellular domains. Here, we investigated cytoadhesion of pRBCs to CD36, a common receptor of P. falciparum field isolates, under dynamic flow conditions. Isogeneic parasites, predominantly expressing single PfEMP1 variants, were evaluated for binding to recombinant CD36 under dynamic flow conditions using microfluidic devices. We tested if PfEMP1 size (number of extracellular domains) or sequence variation affected the pRBC-CD36 interaction. Our analysis showed that clonal parasite variants varied ∼5-fold in CD36 rolling velocity despite extensive PfEMP1 sequence polymorphism. In addition, adherent pRBCs exhibited a characteristic hysteresis in rolling velocity at microvascular flow rates, which was accompanied by changes in pRBC shape and may represent important adaptations that favor stable binding.
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12
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Ferrer M, Martin-Jaular L, De Niz M, Khan SM, Janse CJ, Calvo M, Heussler V, del Portillo HA. Imaging of the spleen in malaria. Parasitol Int 2013; 63:195-205. [PMID: 23999413 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2013.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Splenomegaly, albeit variably, is a hallmark of malaria; yet, the role of the spleen in Plasmodium infections remains vastly unknown. The implementation of imaging to study the spleen is rapidly advancing our knowledge of this so-called "blackbox" of the abdominal cavity. Not only has ex vivo imaging revealed the complex functional compartmentalization of the organ and immune effector cells, but it has also allowed the observation of major structural remodeling during infections. In vivo imaging, on the other hand, has allowed quantitative measurements of the dynamic passage of the parasite at spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we review imaging techniques used for studying the malarious spleen, from optical microscopy to in vivo imaging, and discuss the bright perspectives of evolving technologies in our present understanding of the role of this organ in infections caused by Plasmodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Ferrer
- Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona) ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Polacheck WJ, Li R, Uzel SGM, Kamm RD. Microfluidic platforms for mechanobiology. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:2252-67. [PMID: 23649165 PMCID: PMC3714214 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41393d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Mechanotransduction has been a topic of considerable interest since early studies demonstrated a link between mechanical force and biological response. Until recently, studies of fundamental phenomena were based either on in vivo experiments with limited control or direct access, or on large-scale in vitro studies lacking many of the potentially important physiological factors. With the advent of microfluidics, many of the previous limitations of in vitro testing were eliminated or reduced through greater control or combined functionalities. At the same time, imaging capabilities were tremendously enhanced. In this review, we discuss how microfluidics has transformed the study of mechanotransduction. This is done in the context of the various cell types that exhibit force-induced responses and the new biological insights that have been elucidated. We also discuss new microfluidic studies that could produce even more realistic models of in vivo conditions by combining multiple stimuli or creating a more realistic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Polacheck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sebastien G. M. Uzel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Roger D. Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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14
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Sasaki N, Shinjo M, Hirakawa S, Nishinaka M, Tanaka Y, Mawatari K, Kitamori T, Sato K. A palmtop-sized microfluidic cell culture system driven by a miniaturized infusion pump. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1729-35. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Sasaki
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University; Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Mika Shinjo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University; Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirakawa
- Department of Dermatology; Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Handayama; Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka; Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishinaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo; Japan
| | - Yo Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo; Japan
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15
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Narayanasamy K, Chery L, Basu A, Duraisingh MT, Escalante A, Fowble J, Guler JL, Herricks T, Kumar A, Majumder P, Maki J, Mascarenhas A, Rodrigues J, Roy B, Sen S, Shastri J, Smith J, Valecha N, White J, Rathod PK. Malaria evolution in South Asia: knowledge for control and elimination. Acta Trop 2012; 121:256-66. [PMID: 22266213 PMCID: PMC3894252 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of malaria parasites on the Indian subcontinent should help us understand unexpected disease outbreaks and unpredictable disease presentations from Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections. The Malaria Evolution in South Asia (MESA) research program is one of ten International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR) sponsored by the US National Institutes of Health. In this second of two reviews, we describe why population structures of Plasmodia in India will be characterized and how we will determine their consequences on disease presentation, outcome and patterns. Specific projects will determine if genetic diversity, possibly driven by parasites with higher genetic plasticity, plays a role in changing epidemiology, pathogenesis, vector competence of parasite populations and whether innate human genetic traits protect Indians from malaria today. Deep local clinical knowledge of malaria in India will be supplemented by basic scientists who bring new research tools. Such tools will include whole genome sequencing and analysis methods; in vitro assays to measure genome plasticity, RBC cytoadhesion, invasion, and deformability; mosquito infectivity assays to evaluate changing parasite-vector compatibilities; and host genetics to understand protective traits in Indian populations. The MESA-ICEMR study sites span diagonally across India and include a mixture of very urban and rural hospitals, each with very different disease patterns and patient populations. Research partnerships include government-associated research institutes, private medical schools, city and state government hospitals, and hospitals with industry ties. Between 2012 and 2017, in addition to developing clinical research and basic science infrastructure at new clinical sites, our training workshops will engage new scientists and clinicians throughout South Asia in the malaria research field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Chery
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Analabha Basu
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | - Joseph Fowble
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Ashwani Kumar
- National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR), Panaji, Goa, India
| | - Partha Majumder
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Jennifer Maki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Bikram Roy
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Somdutta Sen
- SphaeraPharma Research and Development, Manesar, Haryana, India
| | - Jayanthi Shastri
- Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Topiwala Medical College & BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Joseph Smith
- Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Neena Valecha
- National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | - John White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Del Portillo HA, Ferrer M, Brugat T, Martin-Jaular L, Langhorne J, Lacerda MVG. The role of the spleen in malaria. Cell Microbiol 2012; 14:343-55. [PMID: 22188297 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2011.01741.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The spleen is a complex organ that is perfectly adapted to selectively filtering and destroying senescent red blood cells (RBCs), infectious microorganisms and Plasmodium-parasitized RBCs. Infection by malaria is the most common cause of spleen rupture and splenomegaly, albeit variably, a landmark of malaria infection. Here, the role of the spleen in malaria is reviewed with special emphasis in lessons learned from human infections and mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernando A Del Portillo
- Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB, Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain.
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