1
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Braun J, Powell AK, Unterreiner AN. Gaining Insights into the Interplay between Optical and Magnetic Properties in Photoexcited Coordination Compounds. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400977. [PMID: 38693865 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
We describe early and recent advances in the fascinating field of combined magnetic and optical properties of inorganic coordination compounds and in particular of 3d-4f single molecule magnets. We cover various applied techniques which allow for the correlation of results obtained in the frequency and time domain in order to highlight the specific properties of these compounds and the future challenges towards multidimensional spectroscopic tools. An important point is to understand the details of the interplay of magnetic and optical properties through performing time-resolved studies in the presence of external fields especially magnetic ones. This will enable further exploration of this fundamental interactions i. e. the two components of electromagnetic radiation influencing optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Braun
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Annie K Powell
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas-Neil Unterreiner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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2
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Gharu A, Vignesh KR. Theoretical exploration of single-molecule magnetic and single-molecule toroic behaviors in peroxide-bridged double-triangular {MII3LnIII3} (M = Ni, Cu and Zn; Ln = Gd, Tb and Dy) complexes. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 39087311 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01800a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Detailed state-of-the-art ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been undertaken to understand both Single-Molecule Magnetic (SMM) and Single-Molecule Toroic (SMT) behaviors of fascinating 3d-4f {M3Ln3} triangular complexes having the molecular formula [MII3LnIII3(O2)L3(PyCO2)3](OH)2(ClO4)2·8H2O (with M = Zn; Ln = Dy (1), Tb (2) & Gd (3) and M = Cu; Ln = Dy (4), Tb (5) & Gd (6)) and [Ni3Ln3(H2O)3(mpko)9(O2)(NO3)3](ClO4)·3CH3OH·3CH3CN (Ln = Dy (7), Tb (8), and Gd (9)) [mpkoH = 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethanone oxime]. All these complexes possess a peroxide ligand that bridges the {LnIII3} triangle in a μ3-η3:η3 fashion and the oxygen atoms/oxime of co-ligands that connect each MII ion to the {LnIII3} triangle. Through our computational studies, we tried to find the key role of the peroxide bridge and how it affects the SMM and SMT behavior of these complexes. Primarily, ab initio Complete Active Space Self-Consistent Field (CASSCF) SINGLE_ANISO + RASSI-SO + POLY_ANISO calculations were performed on 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 to study the anisotropic behavior of each Ln(III) ion, to derive the magnetic relaxation mechanism and to calculate the LnIII-LnIII and CuII/NiII-LnIII magnetic coupling constants. DFT calculations were also performed to validate these exchange interactions (J) by computing the GdIII-GdIII and CuII/NiII-GdIII interactions in 3, 6, and 9. Our calculations explained the experimental magnetic relaxation processes and the magnetic exchange interactions for all the complexes, which also strongly imply that the peroxide bridge plays a role in the SMM behavior observed in these systems. On the other hand, this peroxide bridge does not support the SMT behavior. To investigate the effect of bridging ions in {M3Ln3} systems, we modeled a {ZnII3DyIII3} complex (1a) with a hydroxide ion replacing the bridged peroxide ion in complex 1 and considered a hydroxide-bridged {CoIII3DyIII3} complex (10) having the formula [Co3Dy3(OH)4(OOCCMe3)6(teaH)3(H2O)3](NO3)2·H2O. We discovered that as compared to the LoProp charges of the peroxide ion, the greater negative charges on the bridging hydroxide ion reduce quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) effects, enabling more desirable SMM characteristics and also leading to good SMT behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Gharu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, IISER Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge city, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali-140306, Punjab, India.
| | - Kuduva R Vignesh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, IISER Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge city, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali-140306, Punjab, India.
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3
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da Silveira COC, Oliveira WXC, da Silva Júnior EN, Alvarenga ME, Martins FT, Gatto CC, Pinheiro CB, Pedroso EF, Silva JPO, Marques LF, Santos MV, Torres FR, Euclides R, Freire RO, Nunes WC, de Almeida AA, Knobel M, Pereira CLM. Photoluminescence and magnetic properties of isostructural europium(III), gadolinium(III) and terbium(III) oxamate-based coordination polymers. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 39076042 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01290a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Developing and investigating advanced multifunctional materials with magnetic properties as candidates for assembling spin qubits for quantum computing is imperative. A new polytopic ligand based on oxamate and aniline was used to promote the synthesis of three neutral homometallic lanthanide-coordinated polymers. New complexes with the formula {Ln(phox)3(DMSO)2(H2O)}n, where Ln = Eu3+ (1), Gd3+ (2), and Tb3+ (3) [phox = N-(phenyl)oxamate and DMSO = dimethylsulfoxide], were synthesized and well characterized by spectroscopic methods as well as X-ray crystallographic analysis. All crystalline structures comprise neutral zigzag chains. The lanthanide ions are linked by three phox ligands, in which two oxygen atoms from two different ligands are responsible for connecting the trivalent lanthanide ions, and one phox ligand completes the coordination sphere in a bis-bidentate mode, together with two DMSO molecules and one water coordination molecule. The coordination sphere of lanthanide ions consisted of spherical capped square antiprism (CSAPR-9) symmetry. The magnetic properties of 1-3 were investigated in the 2-300 K temperature range. The dynamic (ac) magnetic properties of 2 reveal a frequency dependence involving the phonon bottleneck mechanism below 33 K under nonzero applied dc magnetic fields, resulting in an example of a field-induced single-molecule magnet. Solid-state photophysical measurements for Eu3+ (1) and Tb3+ (3) complexes indicate that the N-(phenyl)oxamate ligands are very efficient in sensitizing the lanthanide(III) ions in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited an emission in the red and green regions, respectively. Experimental results and theoretical calculations using the Sparkle/RM1 method support a quantum efficiency of ∼72% for 1, suggesting its potential as a candidate for light conversion molecular devices (LCMDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleverton O C da Silveira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Willian X C Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Meiry E Alvarenga
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Setor Itatiaia, Caixa Postal 131, Goiânia, Goiás, 74001970, Brazil
| | - Felipe T Martins
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Setor Itatiaia, Caixa Postal 131, Goiânia, Goiás, 74001970, Brazil
| | - Claudia C Gatto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70904970, Brazil
| | - Carlos B Pinheiro
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Emerson F Pedroso
- Departamento de Química, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Av. Amazonas, 5253, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30421-169, Brazil
| | - Júlia P O Silva
- Grupo de Química de Coordenação e Espectroscopia de Lantanídeos (GQCEL), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia de Ciências, Instituto de Química, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Lippy F Marques
- Grupo de Química de Coordenação e Espectroscopia de Lantanídeos (GQCEL), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia de Ciências, Instituto de Química, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Moliria V Santos
- Biosmart Nanotechnology Ltda, Avenida Jorge Fernandes de São Mattos, 311, Box 4, Araraquara, 14808-162, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco R Torres
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040901 - Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rividy Euclides
- Pople Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo O Freire
- Pople Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão-SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Wallace C Nunes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza, s/n°, Niterói 24210-346, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriele A de Almeida
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, 777, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Knobel
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, 777, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Cynthia L M Pereira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
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4
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Halder D, Jana Y, Piwowarska D, Gnutek P, Rudowicz C. Tailoring single-ion magnet properties of coordination polymer C 11H 18DyN 3O 9 (Dy-CP) using the radial effective charge model (RECM) and superposition model (SPM). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:19947-19959. [PMID: 38993160 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01861c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
We investigate Dy-based coordination polymer C11H18DyN3O9 (Dy-CP) exhibiting single-ion magnet (SIM) properties, e.g., quantum tunnelling of magnetization (QTM), magnetic anisotropy, magnetic relaxation, and effective energy barrier (Ueff). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, crystal field parameters (CFPs) for Dy3+ ions were modelled using the radial effective charge model (RECM) and superposition model (SPM), and the computational packages SIMPRE and SPECTRE. The modelled CFPs enable the prediction of the energy levels and associated wave functions, which successfully explain the field-induced Dy-CP SIM properties. The so-calculated magnetic susceptibility and isothermal magnetization match the experimental data reasonably well. The smaller energy separations of the first (Δ0-1 ∼ 31 cm-1) and the second (Δ0-2 = 74 cm-1) excited Kramers doublets suggest small Ueff = 65 cm-1 for Dy-CP. The magnetic moments of Dy3+ ions exhibit an easy-axis type magnetic anisotropy in the ground state, but change orientation in the excited states due to mixing of states from different Kramers doublets. Low-symmetry CF components play a crucial role in connecting different |±MJ〉 states within the ground multiplet, resulting in QTM and magnetic relaxation to the ground state occurring via the excited states. The RECM and SPM calculated CFP sets are standardized employing the 3DD package to enable meaningful comparison and assessing their mutual equivalence. The results demonstrate the correlation between structural and electronic features of the molecule and site symmetry and distortion of the local coordination polyhedra with SIM properties, offering insights for rational design of new SIMs. The importance of considering low-symmetry aspects in CFP modelling for accurate predictions of magnetic properties is highlighted. This study provides deeper understanding of field-induced behaviour in rare-earth-based SIMs and approaches for rationalization of experimentally measured SIMs' properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinabandhu Halder
- Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India.
| | - Yatramohan Jana
- Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India.
| | - Danuta Piwowarska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Gnutek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Czesław Rudowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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5
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Moorthy S, Tarannum I, Kumari K, Singh SK. A highly anisotropic family of hexagonal bipyramidal Dy(III) unsaturated 18-crown-6 complexes exceeding the blockade barrier over 2700 K: a computational exploration. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:12073-12079. [PMID: 38787652 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00632a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, we have explored a series of unsaturated hexa-18-crown-6 (U18C6) ligands towards designing highly anisotropic Dy(III) based single-ion magnets (SIMs) with the general formula [Dy(U18C6)X2]+ (where U18C6 = [C12H12O6] (1), [C12H12S6] (2), [C12H12Se6] (3), [C12H12O4S2] (4), [C12H12O4Se2] (5) and X = F, Cl, Br, I, OtBu and OSiPh3). By analysing the electronic structure, bonding and magnetic properties, we find that the U18C6 ligands prefer stabilising the highly symmetric eight-coordinated hexagonal bipyramidal geometry (HBPY-8), which is the source of the near-Ising type anisotropy in all the [Dy(U18C6)X2]+ complexes. Moreover, the ability of sulfur/selenium substituted U18C6 ligands to stabilize the highly anisotropic HBPY-8 geometry makes them more promising towards engineering the equatorial ligand field compared to substituted saturated 18C6 ligands where the exodentate arrangement of the S lone pairs results in low symmetry. Magnetic relaxation analysis predicts a record barrier height over 2700 K for [Dy(C12H12O6)F2]+ and [Dy(C12H12S6)X2]+ (where X = F, OtBu and OSiPh3) complexes, nearly 23% higher than those of the top performing Dy(III) based SIMs in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Moorthy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India.
| | - Ibtesham Tarannum
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India.
| | - Kusum Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India.
| | - Saurabh Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India.
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6
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Lussier DJ, Ito E, McClain KR, Smith PW, Kwon H, Rutkauskaite R, Harvey BG, Shuh DK, Long JR. Metal-Halide Covalency, Exchange Coupling, and Slow Magnetic Relaxation in Triangular (Cp iPr5) 3U 3X 6 (X = Cl, Br, I) Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39044394 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The actinide elements are attractive alternatives to transition metals or lanthanides for the design of exchange-coupled multinuclear single-molecule magnets. However, the synthesis of such compounds is challenging, as is unraveling any contributions from exchange coupling to the overall magnetism. To date, only a few actinide compounds have been shown to exhibit exchange coupling and single-molecule magnetism. Here, we report triangular uranium(III) clusters of the type (CpiPr5)3U3X (1-X; X = Cl, Br, I; CpiPr5 = pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl), which are synthesized via reaction of the aryloxide-bridged precursor (CpiPr5)2U2(OPhtBu)4 with excess Me3SiX. Spectroscopic analysis suggests the presence of covalency in the uranium-halide interactions arising from 5f orbital participation in bonding. The dc magnetic susceptibility data reveal the presence of antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the uranium(III) centers in these compounds, with the strength of the exchange decreasing down the halide series. Ac magnetic susceptibility data further reveal all compounds to exhibit slow magnetic relaxation under zero dc field. In 1-I, which exhibits particularly weak exchange, magnetic relaxation occurs via a Raman mechanism associated with the individual uranium(III) centers. In contrast, for 1-Br and 1-Cl, magnetic relaxation occurs via an Orbach mechanism, likely involving relaxation between ground and excited exchange-coupled states. Significantly, in the case of 1-Cl, magnetic relaxation is sufficiently slow such that open magnetic hysteresis is observed up to 2.75 K, and the compound exhibits a 100-s blocking temperature of 2.4 K. This compound provides the first example of magnetic blocking in a compound containing only actinide-based ions, as well as the first example involving the uranium(III) oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Lussier
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Emi Ito
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - K Randall McClain
- U.S. Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, Research Department, Chemistry Division, China Lake, California 93555, United States
| | - Patrick W Smith
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hyunchul Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ryte Rutkauskaite
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Benjamin G Harvey
- U.S. Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, Research Department, Chemistry Division, China Lake, California 93555, United States
| | - David K Shuh
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Long
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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7
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Réant BL, Mackintosh FJ, Gransbury GK, Mattei CA, Alnami B, Atkinson BE, Bonham KL, Baldwin J, Wooles AJ, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Lee D, Chilton NF, Liddle ST, Mills DP. Tris-Silanide f-Block Complexes: Insights into Paramagnetic Influence on NMR Chemical Shifts. JACS AU 2024; 4:2695-2711. [PMID: 39055148 PMCID: PMC11267535 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The paramagnetism of f-block ions has been exploited in chiral shift reagents and magnetic resonance imaging, but these applications tend to focus on 1H NMR shifts as paramagnetic broadening makes less sensitive nuclei more difficult to study. Here we report a solution and solid-state (ss) 29Si NMR study of an isostructural series of locally D 3h -symmetric early f-block metal(III) tris-hypersilanide complexes, [M{Si(SiMe3)3}3(THF)2] (1-M; M = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, U); 1-M were also characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, EPR, ATR-IR, and UV-vis-NIR spectroscopies, SQUID magnetometry, and elemental analysis. Only one SiMe3 signal was observed in the 29Si ssNMR spectra of 1-M, while two SiMe3 signals were seen in solution 29Si NMR spectra of 1-La and 1-Ce. This is attributed to dynamic averaging of the SiMe3 groups in 1-M in the solid state due to free rotation of the M-Si bonds and dissociation of THF from 1-M in solution to give the locally C 3v -symmetric complexes [M{Si(SiMe3)3}3(THF) n ] (n = 0 or 1), which show restricted rotation of M-Si bonds on the NMR time scale. Density functional theory and complete active space self-consistent field spin-orbit calculations were performed on 1-M and desolvated solution species to model paramagnetic NMR shifts. We find excellent agreement of experimental 29Si NMR data for diamagnetic 1-La, suggesting n = 1 in solution and reasonable agreement of calculated paramagnetic shifts of SiMe3 groups for 1-M (M = Pr and Nd); the NMR shifts for metal-bound 29Si nuclei could only be reproduced for diamagnetic 1-La, showing the current limitations of pNMR calculations for larger nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin
L. L. Réant
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Fraser J. Mackintosh
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Gemma K. Gransbury
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Carlo Andrea Mattei
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Barak Alnami
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Benjamin E. Atkinson
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Katherine L. Bonham
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Jack Baldwin
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - Daniel Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans
Creek Road, Canberra 2601, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - David P. Mills
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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8
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Zhu Z, Paul S, Zhao C, Wu J, Ying X, Ungur L, Wernsdorfer W, Meyer F, Tang J. Record Quantum Tunneling Time in an Air-Stable Exchange-Bias Dysprosium Macrocycle. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18899-18904. [PMID: 38975975 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, dysprosium macrocycle single-molecule magnets (SMMs) have received increasing attention due to their excellent air/thermal stability, strong magnetic anisotropy, and rigid molecular skeleton. However, they usually display fast zero-field quantum tunneling of the magnetization (QTM) rate, severely hindering their data storage applications. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and characterization of an air-stable monodecker didysprosium macrocycle integrating strong single-ion anisotropy, near-perfect local crystal field (CF) symmetry, and efficient exchange bias. These indispensable features enable clear-cut elucidation of the crucial role of very weak antiferromagnetic coupling on magnetization dynamics, creating a prominent SMM with a large effective energy barrier (Ueff) of 670 cm-1, open hysteresis loops at zero field up to 14.9 K, and a record relaxation time of QTM (τQTM), 24281 s, for all known nonradical-bridged lanthanide SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Sagar Paul
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
| | - Xu Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Liviu Ungur
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Wolfgang Wernsdorfer
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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9
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Kobayashi K, Suzuki M, Sato T, Horii Y, Yoshida T, Breedlove BK, Yamashita M, Katoh K. Spin dynamics phenomena of a cerium(III) double-decker complex induced by intramolecular electron transfer. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11664-11677. [PMID: 38651377 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00436a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Switchable spin dynamic properties in single-molecule magnets (SMMs) via an applied stimulus have applications in single-molecule devices. Many SMMs containing heavy lanthanoid ions with strong uniaxial magnetic anisotropy have been reported to exhibit SMM characteristics in the absence of an external magnetic field. On the other hand, SMMs containing light lanthanoid cerium(III) (Ce3+) ions exhibit field-induced slow magnetic relaxation. We investigated the chemical conversion of a diamagnetic Ce4+ ion (4f0) to a paramagnetic Ce3+ ion (4f1) in Ce-phthalocyaninato double-decker complexes (TBA+[Ce(obPc)2]- (1) and TBA+[Ce(Pc)2]- (2)) which exhibit field-induced SMM behaviour due to a 4f1 system. The phthalocyaninato ligands with electron-donating substituents (obPc2- = 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octabutoxyphthalocyaninato) in 1 have a significant effect on the valence state of the Ce ion, which is reflected in its magnetic properties due to the mixed valence state of the Ce ion. Given that Ce double-decker complexes with π-conjugated ligands undergo intramolecular electron transfer (IET) to the Ce ion mixed valence state, characterised by a mixture of 4f0 and 4f1 configurations, we examined the dynamic disorder inherent in IET influencing magnetic relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Michiyuki Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tetsu Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoji Horii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya Higashimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Takefumi Yoshida
- Cluster of Nanomaterials, Graduate School of Systems Engineering, Wakayama University, 930 Sakae-Dani, Wakayama, 640-8510, Japan
| | - Brian K Breedlove
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Keiichi Katoh
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakaddo, Saitama 350-0295, Japan.
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10
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Wang YF, Wang YX, Yang QQ, Yin B. Auxiliary Rather Than Dominant. The Role of Direct Dy-S Coordination in Single-Molecule Magnet Unveiled via ab initio Study. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:5285-5297. [PMID: 38950340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c02003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The role of Dy-S coordination in a single-molecule magnet (SMM) is investigated via an ab initio study in a group of mononuclear structures. The SMM performance of this group is well interpreted via a concise criterion consisting of long quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) time τQTM and high effective barrier for magnetic reversal Ueff. The best SMMs in the selected group, i.e., 1Dy (CCDC refcode: PUKFAF) and 2Dy (CCDC refcode: NIKSEJ), are just those holding the longest τQTM and the highest Ueff simultaneously. Further analysis based on the crystal field model and ab initio magneto-structural exploration indicates that the influence of Dy-S coordination on the SMM performance of 1Dy is weaker than that of axial Dy-O coordination. Thus, Dy-S coordination is more likely to play an auxiliary role rather than a dominant one. However, if placed at the suitable equatorial position, Dy-S coordination could provide important support for good SMM performance. Consequently, starting from 1Dy, we built two new structures where Dy-S coordination only exists at the equatorial position and two axial positions are occupied by strong Dy-O/Dy-F coordination. Compared to 1Dy and 2Dy, these new ones are predicted to have significantly longer τQTM and higher Ueff, as well as a nearly doubled blocking temperature TB. Thus, they are probable candidates of SMM having clearly improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Lab of Theoretical Molecular Magnetism, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Lab of Theoretical Molecular Magnetism, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Qi-Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Lab of Theoretical Molecular Magnetism, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Bing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Lab of Theoretical Molecular Magnetism, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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11
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Kwon H, McClain KR, Kragskow JGC, Staab JK, Ozerov M, Meihaus KR, Harvey BG, Choi ES, Chilton NF, Long JR. Coercive Fields Exceeding 30 T in the Mixed-Valence Single-Molecule Magnet (Cp iPr5) 2Ho 2I 3. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18714-18721. [PMID: 38924484 PMCID: PMC11240248 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Mixed-valence dilanthanide complexes of the type (CpiPr5)2Ln2I3 (CpiPr5 = pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl; Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy) featuring a direct Ln-Ln σ-bonding interaction have been shown to exhibit well-isolated high-spin ground states and, in the case of the Tb and Dy variants, a strong axial magnetic anisotropy that gives rise to a large magnetic coercivity. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of two new mixed-valence dilanthanide compounds in this series, (CpiPr5)2Ln2I3 (1-Ln; Ln = Ho, Er). Both compounds feature a Ln-Ln bonding interaction, the first such interaction in any molecular compounds of Ho or Er. Like the Tb and Dy congeners, both complexes exhibit high-spin ground states arising from strong spin-spin coupling between the lanthanide 4f electrons and a single σ-type lanthanide-lanthanide bonding electron. Beyond these similarities, however, the magnetic properties of the two compounds diverge. In particular, 1-Er does not exhibit observable magnetic blocking or slow magnetic relaxation, while 1-Ho exhibits magnetic blocking below 28 K, which is the highest temperature among Ho-based single-molecule magnets, and a spin reversal barrier of 556(4) cm-1. Additionally, variable-field magnetization data collected for 1-Ho reveal a coercive field of greater than 32 T below 8 K, more than 6-fold higher than observed for the bulk magnets SmCo5 and Nd2Fe14B, and the highest coercive field reported to date for any single-molecule magnet or molecule-based magnetic material. Multiconfigurational calculations, supported by far-infrared magnetospectroscopy data, reveal that the stark differences in magnetic properties of 1-Ho and 1-Er arise from differences in the local magnetic anisotropy of the lanthanide centers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Randall McClain
- US Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, Research Department, Chemistry Division, China Lake, California 93555, United States
| | - Jon G C Kragskow
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jakob K Staab
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | | | - Benjamin G Harvey
- US Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center, Weapons Division, Research Department, Chemistry Division, China Lake, California 93555, United States
| | - Eun Sang Choi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jeffrey R Long
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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12
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Ahmed N, Sahu PP, Chakraborty A, Flores Gonzalez J, Ali J, Kalita P, Pointillart F, Singh SK, Chandrasekhar V. In situ hydrolysis of a carbophosphazene ligand leads to one-dimensional lanthanide coordination polymers. Synthesis, structure and dynamic magnetic studies. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11563-11577. [PMID: 38921544 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00582a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
An in situ hydrolysis of the P-Cl bonds of the carbophosphazene [{NC(NMe2)}2{NPCl2}] (LPCl2) in the presence of hydrated lanthanide(III) nitrates in a dichloromethane and methanol (2 : 1) solvent mixture afforded a series of novel 1D coordination polymers: [{Ln(LHPO2)3(NO3)2(CH3OH)(H2O)} (Cl)]n {where Ln(III) = Gd (1), Tb (2), Dy (3), or Er (4) and LHPO2 is the hydrolyzed carbophosphazene (LPCl2) ligand}. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that complexes 1-4 are isostructural and crystallized in the monoclinic crystal system having P21/c space group. The coordination polymers are formed because of the involvement of the geminal P(O)(OH) moieties of the carbophosphazene ligand. Each lanthanide(III) ion is 9-coordinate (9O) in a distorted muffin geometry. Magnetic measurements revealed that both DyIII and ErIII analogues exhibit field-induced single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior at 0.8 kOe and 2.2 k Oe, respectively. At such dc fields, the dynamic magnetic susceptibility displays complex behavior with a triple magnetic relaxation contribution for 3, while two contributions were identified for 4. The observed static and dynamic magnetic behavior for complexes 1-4 were further rationalized with the aid of BS-DFT and CASSCF/SO-RASSI/SINGLE_ANISO calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naushad Ahmed
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Prem Prakash Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana-502285, India
| | - Amit Chakraborty
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Jessica Flores Gonzalez
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Junaid Ali
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Pankaj Kalita
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Saurabh Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana-502285, India
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
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13
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Staab JK, Rahman MK, Chilton NF. Intramolecular bridging strategies to suppress two-phonon Raman spin relaxation in dysprosocenium single-molecule magnets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:17539-17548. [PMID: 38885049 PMCID: PMC11202312 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01716a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Dy(III) bis-cyclopentadienyl (Cp) sandwich compounds exhibit extremely strong single-ion magnetic anisotropy which imbues them with magnetic memory effects such as magnetic hysteresis, and has put them at the forefront of high-performance single-molecule magnets (SMMs). Owing to the great success of design principles focused on maximising the anisotropy barrier, ever higher Ueff values have been reported leading to significant slow down of single-phonon Orbach spin relaxation. However, anisotropy-based SMM design has largely ignored two-phonon Raman spin relaxation, which is still limiting the temperatures at which a memory effect can be observed. In this work, we study the suppression of Raman relaxation through covalent bridging of the Cp ligands by alkyl chains, testing the hypothesis that increasing the rigidity of the ligand framework results in a blue shift of low frequency vibrations in the first coordination sphere of the Dy(III) ion. This reshaping of the vibrational low-energy density of states (DOS) results in lower occupation of pseudo-acoustic phonons available to drive Raman relaxation at low temperatures. We simulate Orbach and Raman spin relaxation in a series of zero-, mono-, di- and tri-bridged [Dy(Cpttt)2]+ analogues fully ab initio, using a quantum mechanics (QM)/molecular mechanics (MM) condensed phase embedding protocol in a periodic solvent matrix as a generic and experimentally testable environment model that can include (pseudo-)acoustic phononic degrees of freedom. We show that this approach can simulate magnetic relaxation dynamics in the condensed phase for the existing non-bridged [Dy(Cpttt)2]+ compound with quantitative experimental accuracy. Subsequently, we find a significant slowing down of Raman relaxation can be achieved for the singly-bridged SMM, while the introduction of further bridges leads to faster relaxation. A key result being that we find the two-phonon Raman rates correlate with the purity of the first-excited Kramers doublet in terms of its mJ = ±13/2 content. Even though the bridging design principle is successful at progressively reshaping the low-energy DOS, the introduction of linker atoms in the equatorial plane successively degrades magnetic anisotropy, suggesting the importance of refined design of the linker chemistry. The accuracy of our results emphasises the value of a generic periodic solvent embedding model, such that it permits the modelling of molecular spin dynamics in the condensed phase without knowledge of a crystal structure. This allows the study of hypothetical molecules or aggregates under real-world conditions, which we expect to have utility beyond the field of molecular magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob K Staab
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Md Kholilur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra 2601, ACT, Australia.
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14
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Kalita P, Kumari K, Kumar P, Kumar V, Singh SK, Rogez G, Chandrasekhar V. Eight-coordinate mono- and dinuclear Dy(III) complexes containing a rigid equatorial plane and an anisobidentate carboxylate ligand in the axial position: synthesis, structure and magnetism. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10521-10535. [PMID: 38842042 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00803k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
A rigid pentadentate chelating ligand (H2L) has been utilized to synthesize a series of octacoordinate mononuclear complexes, [Dy(L)(Ph3PO)(OOCR)] (where R = C6H5 (1), C(CH3)3 (2), CF3 (3)) and a dinuclear complex, [Dy2(L)2(Ph3PO)2{(OOC)2C6H4}] (4) based on the highly anisotropic Dy(III) ion. All the complexes were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The complexes were formed by the coordination action of the dianionic pentadentate ligand [L]2-, one phosphine oxide, and carboxylate ligands. DC and AC magnetic measurements were performed on 1-4. Complexes 1-4 show SMM behaviour, under zero DC field for 1 and 4, and under 500 Oe and 1000 Oe DC fields for 2 and 3 respectively, with thermally activated, Raman, and Raman and quantum tunnelling dominant relaxation mechanisms for 1 and 2, 3 and 4, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kalita
- Department of Chemistry, Nowgong Girls' College, Nagaon, Assam-782 002, India.
| | - Kusum Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana-502 285, India.
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500 107, India.
| | - Vierandra Kumar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500 107, India.
| | - Saurabh Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana-502 285, India.
| | - Guillaume Rogez
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS) CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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15
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Mortensen SS, Nielsen VRM, Sørensen TJ. Contrasting impact of coordination polyhedra and site symmetry on the electronic energy levels in nine-coordinated Eu(III) and Sm(III) crystals structures determined from single crystal luminescence spectra. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10079-10092. [PMID: 38712555 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00157e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Lanthanide luminescence is characterised by "forbidden" 4f-4f transitions and a complicated electronic structure. Our understanding of trivalent lanthanide(III) ion luminescence is centered on Eu3+ because absorbing and emitting transitions in Eu3+ occur from a single electronic energy level. In Sm3+ both absorbing and emitting multiplets have a larger multiplicity. A band arising in transitions from the first emitting state multiplet to the ground state multiplet will have nine lines for a Sm3+ complex. In this study, high-resolution emission and excitation spectra were used to determine the electronic energy levels for the lowest multiplet and first emitting multiplet in four Sm3+ compounds with either tricapped trigonal prismatic TTP or capped square antiprismatic cSAP coordination polyhedra but different site symmetry. This was achieved by the use of Boltzmann distribution population analysis and experimentally determined transition probabilities from emission and excitation spectra. Using this analysis it was possible to show the effect of changing three oxygen atoms with three nitrogen atoms in the donor set for two compounds with the same coordination polyhedra and site symmetry. This work celebrates the 40th anniversary of Kirby and Richardson's first report of [Eu(ODA)3]3- luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Svava Mortensen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| | - Villads R M Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
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16
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Song H, Jin C, Wang X, Xie J, Ma Y, Tang J, Li L. Tuning spin dynamics of binuclear Dy complexes using different nitroxide biradical derivatives. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10007-10017. [PMID: 38814577 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04360f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
By employing nitronyl/imino nitroxide biradicals, three Ln-Zn complexes, namely, [Ln2Zn2(hfac)10(ImPhPyobis)2] (LnIII = Gd 1, Dy 2; hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate; ImPhPyobis = 5-(4-oxypyridinium-1-yl)-1,3-bis(1'-oxyl-4',4',5',5'-tetramethyl-4,5-hydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzene) and [Dy2Zn2(hfac)10(NITPhPyobis)2] 3 (NITPhPyobis = 5-(4-oxypyridinium-1-yl)-1,3-bis(1'-oxyl-3'-oxido-4',4',5',5'-tetramethyl-4,5-hydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzene), have been successfully prepared. The three complexes possess {Ln2O2} cores bridged by the oxygen atoms of the 4-oxypyridinium rings of the biradical ligands and one of the imino/nitronyl nitroxide groups of the biradical is coordinated to a ZnII ion, then producing a centrosymmetric tetranuclear six-spin structure. The studies of spin dynamics indicate that complexes 2 and 3 exhibit distinct magnetic relaxation behaviors at zero dc field: complex 2 presents single relaxation with an effective energy barrier (Ueff) of 69.8 K, while complex 3 exhibits double relaxation processes with Ueff values for the fast and slow relaxation being 15.8 K and 50.9 K, respectively. The observed different magnetic relaxation behaviors for the two Dy complexes could be mainly ascribed to the influence of the distinct nitroxide biradical derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Song
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Chaoyi Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Junfang Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Licun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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17
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Tubau À, Gómez-Coca S, Speed S, Font-Bardía M, Vicente R. New series of mononuclear β-diketonate cerium(III) field induced single-molecule magnets. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9387-9405. [PMID: 38757803 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00848k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Five new β-diketonate Ce3+ mononuclear complexes, [Ce(Btfa)3(H2O)2] (1), [Ce(Btfa)3(phen)] (2), [Ce(Btfa)3(bipy)] (3), [Ce(Btfa)3(terpy)] (4) and [Ce(Btfa)3(bathophen)(DMF)] (5), where Btfa- = 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedionate, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bipy = 2,2'-bipyridyl, terpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and bathophen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, have been synthesized and structurally characterized through X-ray diffraction of single crystals. The central Ce3+ atom displays a coordination number of 8 for 1, 2 and 3 and of 9 for 4 and 5. Under a 0 T external magnetic field, none of the given compounds exhibits single molecule magnet (SMM) behaviour. However, a small magnetic field, between 0.02 and 0.1 T, is enough for all the compounds to exhibit slow relaxation of the magnetization. A comprehensive magnetic analysis, with experimental magnetic data and ab initio calculations, was undertaken for all the complexes, and the study highlights the significance of the different spin relaxation mechanisms that must be considered for a Ce3+ lanthanide ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ànnia Tubau
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Silvia Gómez-Coca
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Saskia Speed
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mercè Font-Bardía
- Departament de Mineralogia, Cristal lografia i Dipòsits Minerals and Unitat de Difracció de R-X. Centre Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Barcelona (CCiTUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Solé i Sabarís 1-3, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Vicente
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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18
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Mathialagan SK, Parreiras SO, Tenorio M, Černa L, Moreno D, Muñiz‐Cano B, Navío C, Valvidares M, Valbuena MA, Urgel JI, Gargiani P, Miranda R, Camarero J, Martínez JI, Gallego JM, Écija D. On-Surface Synthesis of Organolanthanide Sandwich Complexes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308125. [PMID: 38610109 PMCID: PMC11200025 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of lanthanide-based organometallic sandwich compounds is very appealing regarding their potential for single-molecule magnetism. Here, it is exploited by on-surface synthesis to design unprecedented lanthanide-directed organometallic sandwich complexes on Au(111). The reported compounds consist of Dy or Er atoms sandwiched between partially deprotonated hexahydroxybenzene molecules, thus introducing a distinct family of homoleptic organometallic sandwiches based on six-membered ring ligands. Their structural, electronic, and magnetic properties are investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray linear and circular magnetic dichroism, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, complemented by density functional theory-based calculations. Both lanthanide complexes self-assemble in close-packed islands featuring a hexagonal lattice. It is unveiled that, despite exhibiting analogous self-assembly, the erbium-based species is magnetically isotropic, whereas the dysprosium-based compound features an in-plane magnetization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia O. Parreiras
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
| | - Maria Tenorio
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
| | - Lenka Černa
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
- Brno University of TechnologyBrno60190Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Moreno
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
| | - Beatriz Muñiz‐Cano
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
| | - Cristina Navío
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
| | | | - Miguel A. Valbuena
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
| | - José I. Urgel
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
- Unidad de Nanomateriales AvanzadosIMDEA NanoscienceUnidad Asociada al CSIC por el ICMMMadrid28049Spain
| | | | - Rodolfo Miranda
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)Universidad Autónoma de MadridCantoblancoMadrid28049Spain
| | - Julio Camarero
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)Universidad Autónoma de MadridCantoblancoMadrid28049Spain
| | - José I. Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM)CSICCantoblancoMadrid28049Spain
| | - José M. Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM)CSICCantoblancoMadrid28049Spain
| | - David Écija
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanoscience)Madrid28049Spain
- Unidad de Nanomateriales AvanzadosIMDEA NanoscienceUnidad Asociada al CSIC por el ICMMMadrid28049Spain
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19
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Pointillart F, Le Guennic B, Cador O. Pressure-Induced Structural, Optical and Magnetic Modifications in Lanthanide Single-Molecule Magnets. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400610. [PMID: 38511968 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Lanthanide Single-Molecule Magnets are fascinating objects that break magnetic performance records with observable magnetic bistability at the boiling temperature of liquid nitrogen, paving the way for potential applications in high-density data storage. The switching of lanthanide SMM has been successfully achieved using several external stimuli such as redox reaction, pH titration, light irradiation or solvation/desolvation thanks to the high sensitivity of the magnetic anisotropy to any structural change in the lanthanide surrounding. Nevertheless, the use of applied high pressure as an external stimulus is largely underused, especially considering that it can be combined with high pressure X-ray diffraction to establish a complementary structure-property relationship. This Concept article summarizes the few relevant examples of investigations of lanthanide SMMs under applied high pressure, provides conclusions on the effect of such stimulus on molecular structures and magnetic anisotropy, and finally draws perspective on the future development of magnetic measurements under applied pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Pointillart
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
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20
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Chen QW, Ding YS, Zhu XF, Wang BW, Zheng Z. Substituent Positioning Effects on the Magnetic Properties of Sandwich-Type Erbium(III) Complexes with Bis(trimethylsilyl)-Substituted Cyclooctatetraenyl Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9511-9519. [PMID: 38135507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide complexes with judiciously designed ligands have been extensively studied for their potential applications as single-molecule magnets. With the influence of ligands on their magnetic properties generally established, recent research has unearthed certain effects inherent to site differentiation due to the different types and varying numbers of substituents on the same ligand platform. Using two new sandwich-type Er(III) complexes with cyclooctatetraenyl (COT) ligands featuring two differently positioned trimethylsilyl (TMS) substituents, namely, [Li(DME)Er(COT1,5-TMS2)2]n (Er1) and [Na(DME)3][Er(COT1,3-TMS2)2] (Er2) [COT1,3-TMS2 and COT1,5-TMS2 donate 1,3- and 1,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)-substituted cyclooctatetraenyl ligands, respectively; DME = 1,2-dimethoxyethane], and with reference to previously reported [Li(DME)3][Er(COT1,4-TMS2)2] (A) and [K(DME)2][Er(COT1,4-TMS2)2] (B), any possible substituent position effects have been explored for the first time. The rearrangement of the TMS substituents from the starting COT1,4-TMS2 to COT1,3-TMS2 and COT1,5-TMS2, by way of formal migration of the TMS group, was thermally induced in the case of Er1, while for the formation of Er2, the use of Na+ in the placement of its Li+ and K+ congeners is essential. Both Er1 and Er2 display single-molecule magnetic behaviors with energy barriers of 170(3) and 172(6) K, respectively. Magnetic hysteresis loops, butterfly-shaped for Er1 and wide open for Er2, were observed up to 12 K for Er1 and 13 K for Er2. Studies of magnetic dynamics reveal the different pathways for relaxation of magnetization below 10 K, mainly by the Raman process for Er1 and by quantum tunneling of magnetization for Er2, leading to the order of magnitude difference in magnetic relaxation times and sharply different magnetic hysteresis loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - You-Song Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Rare Earth Chemistry of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiping Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Rare Earth Chemistry of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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21
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Schwarz N, Krätschmer F, Suryadevara N, Schlittenhardt S, Ruben M, Roesky PW. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Magnetic Properties of Lanthanide Arsolyl Sandwich Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9520-9526. [PMID: 38241036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
A series of trivalent lanthanide sandwich complexes [(η5-C4R4As)Ln(η8-C8H8)] using three different arsolyl ligands are reported. The complexes were obtained via salt elimination reactions between potassium arsolyl salts and lanthanide precursors [LnI(COT)(THF)2] (Ln = Sm, Dy, Er; COT = η8-C8H8). The resulting compounds exhibit classical sandwich complex structures with one notable exception. Characterization was conducted in both the solid state using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and in solution for the Sm compounds using NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the magnetic properties of an Er complex were investigated, revealing distinctive single-molecule-magnet behavior characterized by an energy barrier of Ueff = 323.3 K. Theoretical calculations were employed to support and interpret the experimental findings, with a comparative analysis performed against previously reported complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Schwarz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frederic Krätschmer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nithin Suryadevara
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sören Schlittenhardt
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Centre Européen de Science Quantique, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, 67083 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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22
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Corner S, Gransbury GK, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Whitehead GFS, Chilton NF, Mills DP. Halobenzene Adducts of a Dysprosocenium Single-Molecule Magnet. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9552-9561. [PMID: 38359351 PMCID: PMC11134494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Dysprosium complexes with strong axial crystal fields are promising candidates for single-molecule magnets (SMMs), which could be used for high-density data storage. Isolated dysprosocenium cations, [Dy(CpR)2]+ (CpR = substituted cyclopentadienyl), have recently shown magnetic hysteresis (a memory effect) above the temperature of liquid nitrogen. Synthetic efforts have focused on reducing strong transverse ligand fields in these systems as they are known to enhance magnetic relaxation by spin-phonon mechanisms. Here we show that equatorial coordination of the halobenzenes PhX (X = F, Cl, Br) and o-C6H4F2 to the cation of a recently reported dysprosocenium complex [Dy(Cpttt)(Cp*)][Al{OC(CF3)3}4] (Cpttt = C5H2tBu3-1,2,4; Cp* = C5Me5) reduces magnetic hysteresis temperatures compared to that of the parent cation. We find that this is due to increased effectiveness of both one- (Orbach) and two-phonon (Raman) relaxation mechanisms, which correlate with the electronegativity and number of interactions with the halide despite κ1-coordination of a single halobenzene having a minimal effect on the metrical parameters of [Dy(Cpttt)(Cp*)(PhX-κ1-X)]+ cations vs the isolated [Dy(Cpttt)(Cp*)]+ cation. We observe unusual divergent behavior of relaxation rates at low temperatures in [Dy(Cpttt)(Cp*)(PhX)][Al{OC(CF3)3}4], which we attribute to a phonon bottleneck effect. We find that, despite the transverse fields introduced by the monohalobenzenes in these cations, the interactions are sufficiently weak that the effective barriers to magnetization reversal remain above 1000 cm-1, being only ca. 100 cm-1 lower than for the parent complex, [Dy(Cpttt)(Cp*)][Al{OC(CF3)3}4].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - George F. S. Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - David P. Mills
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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23
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Castellanos E, Benner F, Demir S. Linear, Electron-Rich Erbium Single-Molecule Magnet with Dibenzocyclooctatetraene Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9888-9898. [PMID: 38738864 PMCID: PMC11134505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Judicious design of ligand scaffolds to highly anisotropic lanthanide ions led to substantial advances in molecular spintronics and single-molecule magnetism. Erbium-based single-molecule magnets (SMMs) are rare, which is attributed to the prolate-shaped ErIII ion requiring an equatorial ligand field for enhancing its single-ion magnetic anisotropy. Here, we present an electron-rich mononuclear Er SMM, [K(crypt-222)][Er(dbCOT)2], 1 (where dbCOT = dibenzocyclooctatetraene), that was obtained from a salt metathesis reaction of ErCl3 and K2dbCOT. The dipotassium salt, K2dbCOT, was generated through a two-electron reduction of the bare dbCOT0 ligand employing potassium graphite and was crystallized from DME to give the new solvated complex, [K(DME)]2[dbCOT]n, 2. 1 was analyzed through crystallography, electrochemistry, spectroscopy, magnetometry, and CASSCF calculations. The structure of 1 consists of an anionic metallocene complex featuring a linear (180.0°) geometry with an ErIII ion sandwiched between dianionic dbCOT ligands and an outer-sphere K+ ion encapsulated in 2.2.2-cryptand. Two pronounced redox events at negative potentials allude to the formation of a trianionic erbocene complex, [Er(dbCOT)2]3-, on the electrochemical time scale. 1 shows slow magnetic relaxation with an effective spin-reversal barrier of Ueff = 114(2) cm-1, which is close in magnitude to the calculated energies of the first and second excited states of 96.9 and 109.13 cm-1, respectively. 1 exhibits waist-constricted hysteresis loops below 4 K and constitutes the first example of an erbocene-SMM bearing fused aromatic rings to the central COT ligand. Notably, 1 comprises the largest COT scaffold implemented in erbocene SMMs, yielding the most electron-rich homoleptic erbium metallocene SMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Castellanos
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Florian Benner
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Selvan Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East
Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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24
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Delano F, Deshapriya S, Demir S. Guanidinate Yttrium Complexes Containing Bipyridyl and Bis(benzimidazolyl) Radicals. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9659-9669. [PMID: 38569134 PMCID: PMC11134503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Ancillary ligand scaffolds that sufficiently stabilize a metal ion to allow its coordination to an open-shell ligand are scarce, yet their development is essential for next-generation spin-based materials with topical applications in quantum information science. To this end, a synthetic challenge must be met: devising molecules that enable the binding of a redox-active ligand through facile displacement and clean removal of a weakly coordinating anion. Here, we probe the accessibility of unprecedented radical-containing rare-earth guanidinate complexes by combining our recently discovered yttrium tetraphenylborate complex [{(Me3Si)2NC(NiPr)2}2Y][(μ-η6-Ph)(BPh3)] with the redox-active ligands 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) and 2,2'-bis(benzimidazole) (Bbim), respectively, under reductive conditions. Our endeavor resulted in the first evidence of guanidinate complexes that contain radicals, namely, a mononuclear bipyridyl radical complex, {(Me3Si)2NC(NiPr)2}2Y(bpy•) (1), and a dinuclear bis(benzimidazolyl) radical-bridged complex, [K(crypt-222)][{(Me3Si)2NC(NiPr)2}2Y]2(μ-Bbim•) (2'). The latter was achieved by an in situ reduction of [{(Me3Si)2NC(NiPr)2}2Y]2(μ-Bbim) (2), which was isolated from a salt metathesis reaction. 1 and 2 were characterized by X-ray crystallography and IR and UV-vis spectroscopy. Variable-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy was applied to gain insight into the distribution of unpaired spin density on 1 and 2'. Density functional theory calculations were conducted on 1 and 2' to elucidate further their electronic structures. The redox activity of 1 and 2' was also probed by electrochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Selvan Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan
State University (MSU), 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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25
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Hauser A, Münzfeld L, Schlittenhardt S, Uhlmann C, Leyen L, Moreno-Pineda E, Ruben M, Roesky PW. Cycloheptatrienyl-Bridged Triple-Decker Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13760-13769. [PMID: 38718186 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The first structurally characterized organometallic multidecker sandwich complexes featuring a cycloheptatrienyl ring (Cht, C7H73-) in the coordination sphere are presented. The synthesis of inverse sandwich complexes of the rare earth elements YIII and ErIII with a bridging cycloheptatrienyl ligand of the type [(thf)(BH4)2LnIII(μ-η7:η7-Cht)LnIII(BH4)(thf)2] is described first. The subsequent introduction of the CotTIPS ligand (CotTIPS = 1,4-(iPr3Si)2C8H62-) into the coordination sphere of the rare earth cations resulted in the isolation of unprecedented triple-decker compounds with the formula [(thf)3K{(η8-CotTIPS)LnIII}2(μ-η7:η7-Cht)], bearing a seven-membered aromatic carbon ring as a middle deck. These compounds are also the first examples of rare earth triple-decker complexes not bridged by a Cot derivative, based on purely carbon-based ligands. The magnetic properties of the respective ErIII congeners were investigated in detail, leading to the observation of antiferromagnetic coupling of the ErIII cations and a blocking temperature of 13.5 K. The conversion of the YIII compound [(thf)3K{(η8-CotTIPS)YIII}2(μ-η7:η7-Cht)] with [YIII(Cot)I(thf)2] resulted in ligand rearrangement and the selective formation of the first triple-decker complex ([(η8-CotTIPSYIII)2(μ-η8:η8-Cot)]) featuring two Cot ligands with different substituents in its coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Hauser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Luca Münzfeld
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sören Schlittenhardt
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Cedric Uhlmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Louis Leyen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Eufemio Moreno-Pineda
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Depto. de Química-Física, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá 0824, Panamá
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Grupo de Investigación de Materiales, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá 0824, Panamá
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Centre Européen de Science Quantique (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS, UMR 7006), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge BP 70028, 67083 Strasbourg, Cedex, France
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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26
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Ma YZ, Yu L, Zhou Q, Fu W. Dinuclear ytterbium(III) benzamidinate complexes with bridging S 32-, Se 22- and Te 22- ligands: synthesis, structure and magnetic properties. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8118-8123. [PMID: 38690725 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00724g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Treatment of Yb(II) complex [L2Yb(THF)2] (L = PhC(NSiMe3)2) with elemental sulfur, selenium or tellurium resulted in the isolation of a series of dinuclear Yb(III) complexes featuring side-on bound S32- (1), Se22- (2) or Te22- (3) moieties, respectively. Magnetic study on these complexes revealed that 3 is a rare lanthanide telluride single-molecule magnet (SMM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zhao Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Lian Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Qi Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Wensheng Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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27
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Manna F, Oggianu M, Galán-Mascarós JR, Pop F, Le Guennic B, Mercuri ML, Avarvari N. Tuning the slow magnetic relaxation with the substituents in anilate bridged bis(dysprosium) complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8369-8381. [PMID: 38669068 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00175c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Dinuclear lanthanide complexes [((HB(pz)3)2Dy)2(μ-Th2An)] (1Dy) and [((HB(pz)3)2Dy)2(μ-ClCNAn)] (2Dy), based on the hydrotris(pyrazol-1-yl)borate (HBpz3-) scorpionate capping ligand and anilate (An2-) bridging linkers, namely homosubstituted dithiophene- and heterosubstituted chlorocyanoanilate, bearing electron-donating and withdrawing substituents at the 3,6-positions of the benzoquinone core, are reported. 1Dy shows an octacoordinated {N6O2} DyIII ion within a D4h distorted square antiprismatic coordination, an ideal geometry for Single-Molecule Magnet (SMM) behavior, given its oblate nature, whereas in 2Dy the octacoordinated DyIII ion adopts a D2d triangular dodecahedron geometry, while maintaining the same {N6O2} coordination sphere. Both complexes show field-induced single molecule magnet (SMM) behaviour, with tuning of the slow magnetic relaxation as a function of the nature of the substituents at the 3,6-positions of the anilate moiety. A comparison of the Arrhenius fitting parameters for 1Dy and 2Dy supports the hypothesis that square antiprismatic DyIII complexes, as 1Dy, exhibit higher energy barriers. This interpretation is supported by ab initio calculations that also shed light on the crucial role of intermolecular dipolar interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Manna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy.
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-ANJOU, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France.
- INSTM, Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Mariangela Oggianu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy.
- INSTM, Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - José Ramón Galán-Mascarós
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluis Companys, 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Flavia Pop
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-ANJOU, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Maria Laura Mercuri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy.
- INSTM, Via Giuseppe Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Narcis Avarvari
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-ANJOU, SFR MATRIX, F-49000 Angers, France.
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28
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Zakrzewski J, Liberka M, Wang J, Chorazy S, Ohkoshi SI. Optical Phenomena in Molecule-Based Magnetic Materials. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5930-6050. [PMID: 38687182 PMCID: PMC11082909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Since the last century, we have witnessed the development of molecular magnetism which deals with magnetic materials based on molecular species, i.e., organic radicals and metal complexes. Among them, the broadest attention was devoted to molecule-based ferro-/ferrimagnets, spin transition materials, including those exploring electron transfer, molecular nanomagnets, such as single-molecule magnets (SMMs), molecular qubits, and stimuli-responsive magnetic materials. Their physical properties open the application horizons in sensors, data storage, spintronics, and quantum computation. It was found that various optical phenomena, such as thermochromism, photoswitching of magnetic and optical characteristics, luminescence, nonlinear optical and chiroptical effects, as well as optical responsivity to external stimuli, can be implemented into molecule-based magnetic materials. Moreover, the fruitful interactions of these optical effects with magnetism in molecule-based materials can provide new physical cross-effects and multifunctionality, enriching the applications in optical, electronic, and magnetic devices. This Review aims to show the scope of optical phenomena generated in molecule-based magnetic materials, including the recent advances in such areas as high-temperature photomagnetism, optical thermometry utilizing SMMs, optical addressability of molecular qubits, magneto-chiral dichroism, and opto-magneto-electric multifunctionality. These findings are discussed in the context of the types of optical phenomena accessible for various classes of molecule-based magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub
J. Zakrzewski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Lojasiewicza
11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michal Liberka
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral
School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian
University, Lojasiewicza
11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Junhao Wang
- Department
of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tonnodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Szymon Chorazy
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Shin-ichi Ohkoshi
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, The University
of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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29
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Zabala-Lekuona A, Lopez de Pariza X, Díaz-Ortega IF, Cepeda J, Nojiri H, Gritsan NP, Dmitriev AA, López-Ortega A, Rodríguez-Diéguez A, Seco JM, Colacio E. From field-induced to zero-field SMMs associated with open/closed structures of bis(ZnDy) tetranuclear complexes: a combined magnetic, theoretical and optical study. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7971-7984. [PMID: 38647324 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00148f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
We have prepared a bis(compartmental) Mannich base ligand H4L (1,4,8,11-tetraaza-1,4,8,11-tetrakis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methylbenzyl)cyclotetradecane) specifically designed to obtain bis(TMIILnIII) tetranuclear complexes (TM = transition metal). In this regard, we have succeeded in obtaining three new complexes of the formula [Zn2(μ-L)(μ-OAc)Dy2(NO3)2]·[Zn2(μ-L)(μ-OAc)Dy2(NO3)(OAc)]·4CHCl3·2MeOH (1) and [TM2(μ-H2L)2(μ-succinate)Ln2(NO3)2] (NO3)2·2H2O·6MeOH (TMII = Zn, LnIII = Dy (2); TMII = Co, LnIII = Dy (3)). Compound 1 contains two different bis(ZnDy) tetranuclear molecules that cocrystallize in the structure, in which acetato bridging ligands connect the ZnII and DyIII ions within each ZnDy subunit. This compound does not exhibit slow magnetic relaxation at zero field, but it is activated in the presence of an applied dc magnetic field and/or by Dy/Y magnetic dilution, showing two relaxation processes corresponding to each of the two different bis(ZnDy) units found in the structure. As revealed by the theoretical calculations, magnetic relaxation in 1 is single-ion in origin and takes place through the first excited state of each DyIII ion. When using the succinato dicarboxylate bridging ligand instead of acetate, compounds 2 and 3 were serendipitously formed, which have a closed structure with the succinate anion bridging two ZnDy subunits belonging to two different ligands. It should be noted that only compound 2 exhibits slow relaxation of magnetization in the absence of an external magnetic field. According to experimental and theoretical data, 2 relaxes through the second excited Kramers doublet (Ueff = 342 K). In contrast, 3 displays field-induced SMM behaviour (Ueff = 203 K). However, the Co/Zn diluted version of this compound 3Zn shows slow relaxation at zero field (Ueff = 347 K). Ab initio theoretical calculations clearly show that the weak ferromagnetic coupling between CoII and DyIII ions is at the origin of the lack of slow relaxation of this compound at zero field. Compound 2 and its diluted analogues 2Y and 3Zn show hysteresis loops at very low temperature, thus confirming their SMM behaviour. Finally, compounds 1 and 2 show DyIII based emission even at room temperature that, in the case of 2, allows us to extract the splitting of the ground 6H15/2 term, which matches reasonably well with theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andoni Zabala-Lekuona
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Xabier Lopez de Pariza
- POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ismael F Díaz-Ortega
- Departamento de Química y Física-CIESOL, Universidad de Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Javier Cepeda
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Hiroyuki Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Nina P Gritsan
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexey A Dmitriev
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alberto López-Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Universidad Pública de Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Donostia-San Sebastian, 20018, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - José M Seco
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Enrique Colacio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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30
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Xu W, Luo Q, Li Z, Zhai Y, Zheng Y. Bis-Alkoxide Dysprosium(III) Crown Ether Complexes Exhibit Tunable Air Stability and Record Energy Barrier. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308548. [PMID: 38400593 PMCID: PMC11077650 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
High-performance and air-stable single-molecule magnets (SMMs) can offer great convenience for the fabrication of information storage devices. However, the controversial requisition of high stability and magnetic axiality is hard to balance for lanthanide-based SMMs. Here, a family of dysprosium(III) crown ether complexes possessing hexagonal-bipyramidal (pseudo-D6h symmetry) local coordination geometry with tunable air stability and effective energy barrier for magnetization reversal (Ueff) are shown. The three complexes share the common formula of [Dy(18-C-6)L2][I3] (18-C-6 = 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane; L = I, 1; L = OtBu 2 and L = 1-AdO 3). 1 is highly unstable in the air. 2 can survive in the air for a few minutes, while 3 remains unchanged in the air for more than 1 week. This is roughly in accordance with the percentage of buried volumes of the axial ligands. More strikingly, 2 and 3 show progressive enhancement of Ueff and 3 exhibits a record high Ueff of 2427(19) K, which significantly contributes to the 100 s blocking temperature up to 11 K for Yttrium-diluted sample, setting a new benchmark for solid-state air-stable SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Jie Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and EngineeringThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710061P. R. China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterXi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry, and School of ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710054P. R. China
| | - Qian‐Cheng Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and EngineeringThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710061P. R. China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterXi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry, and School of ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710054P. R. China
| | - Zi‐Han Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and EngineeringThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710061P. R. China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterXi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry, and School of ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710054P. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Qi Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and EngineeringThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710061P. R. China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterXi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry, and School of ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710054P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Zhen Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and EngineeringThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710061P. R. China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST)State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentMOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed MatterXi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry, and School of ChemistryXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710054P. R. China
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31
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Borah A, Dey S, Siddiqui K, Gupta SK, Rajaraman G, Murugavel R. Magnetic anisotropy in octahedral Dy(III) and Yb(III) complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7263-7267. [PMID: 38618749 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04352e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
New organophosphate complexes [Ln(dippH)3(dippH2)3]·(H2O)6, (Ln = Dy, Yb and Y; dippH2 = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl phosphate), displaying octahedral coordination geometry around the metal ion, exhibit unusual slow relaxation of magnetisation, which is investigated through experimental studies and ab initio CASSCF calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Borah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Jengraimukh College, Majuli, Assam, 785105, India
| | - Sourav Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India.
| | - Kehkasha Siddiqui
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India.
| | - Sandeep K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India.
| | - Ramaswamy Murugavel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India.
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32
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Stewart R, Canaj AB, Liu S, Regincós Martí E, Celmina A, Nichol G, Cheng HP, Murrie M, Hill S. Engineering Clock Transitions in Molecular Lanthanide Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:11083-11094. [PMID: 38619978 PMCID: PMC11046435 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Molecular lanthanide (Ln) complexes are promising candidates for the development of next-generation quantum technologies. High-symmetry structures incorporating integer spin Ln ions can give rise to well-isolated crystal field quasi-doublet ground states, i.e., quantum two-level systems that may serve as the basis for magnetic qubits. Recent work has shown that symmetry lowering of the coordination environment around the Ln ion can produce an avoided crossing or clock transition within the ground doublet, leading to significantly enhanced coherence. Here, we employ single-crystal high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-level ab initio calculations to carry out a detailed investigation of the nine-coordinate complexes, [HoIIIL1L2], where L1 = 1,4,7,10-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraaza-cyclododecane and L2 = F- (1) or [MeCN]0 (2). The pseudo-4-fold symmetry imposed by the neutral organic ligand scaffold (L1) and the apical anionic fluoride ion generates a strong axial anisotropy with an mJ = ±8 ground-state quasi-doublet in 1, where mJ denotes the projection of the J = 8 spin-orbital moment onto the ∼C4 axis. Meanwhile, off-diagonal crystal field interactions give rise to a giant 116.4 ± 1.0 GHz clock transition within this doublet. We then demonstrate targeted crystal field engineering of the clock transition by replacing F- with neutral MeCN (2), resulting in an increase in the clock transition frequency by a factor of 2.2. The experimental results are in broad agreement with quantum chemical calculations. This tunability is highly desirable because decoherence caused by second-order sensitivity to magnetic noise scales inversely with the clock transition frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Stewart
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida
State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department
of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
- Center
for Molecular Magnetic Quantum Materials, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Angelos B. Canaj
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Shuanglong Liu
- Center
for Molecular Magnetic Quantum Materials, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Department
of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Emma Regincós Martí
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Anna Celmina
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Gary Nichol
- EastCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, Scotland, U.K.
| | - Hai-Ping Cheng
- Center
for Molecular Magnetic Quantum Materials, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- Department
of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mark Murrie
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Stephen Hill
- National
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida
State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department
of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
- Center
for Molecular Magnetic Quantum Materials, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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33
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Shukla P, Tarannum I, Roy S, Rajput A, Lama P, Singh SK, Kłak J, Lee J, Das S. Effect of diamagnetic Zn(II) ions on the SMM properties of a series of trinuclear ZnDy 2 and tetranuclear Zn 2Dy 2 (Ln III = Dy, Tb, Gd) complexes: combined experimental and theoretical studies. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7053-7066. [PMID: 38564260 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00417e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
To study the effect of diamagnetic ions on magnetic interactions, utilizing a compartmental ligand (Z)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-6-((quinolin-8-ylimino)methyl)phenol (LH2), two different series of ZnII-LnIII complexes, namely the trinuclear series of [DyZn2(L)2(μ2-OAc)2(CH3OH)2]·NO3·MeOH (1), [TbZn2(L)2(μ2-OAc)2(CH3OH)2]·NO3·5MeOH·H2O (2), and [GdZn2(L)2(μ2-OAc)2(CH3OH)2]·NO3·MeOH·CHCl3 (3) and the tetranuclear series of [Dy2Zn2(LH)4(NO3)4(μ2OAc)]·NO3·MeOH·H2O (4), [Tb2Zn2(LH)4(NO3)4(μ2-OAc)]·NO3·MeOH·2H2O (5), and [Gd2Zn2(LH)4(NO3)4(μ2-OAc)]·NO3·MeOH·2H2O (6), were synthesized. Trinuclear ZnII-LnIII complexes 1-3 consist of one LnIII ion sandwiched between two peripheral ZnII ions forming a bent type ZnII-DyIII-ZnII array with an angle of 110.64°. Tetranuclear ZnII-LnIII complexes 4-6 are basically a combination of two dinuclear moieties of [LnZn(LH)2(NO3)2]+ connected by one bidentate bridging acetate ion in μ2-OAc coordination mode. The detailed magnetic analysis reveals that complexes 1 and 4 are single molecule magnets having energy barriers of 34.98 K and 46.71 K with relaxation times (τ0) of 5.05 × 10-4 s and 5.24 × 10-4 s, respectively. Ab initio calculations were employed to analyze the magnetic anisotropy and magnetic exchange interaction between the ZnII and LnIII centers with the aim of gaining better insights into the magnetic dynamics of complexes 1-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Shukla
- Department of Basic Sciences, Chemistry Discipline, Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management, Near Khokhra Circle, Maninagar East, Ahmedabad-380026, Gujarat, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ibtesham Tarannum
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India.
| | - Soumalya Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Amit Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad 121006, Haryana, India
| | - Prem Lama
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Nanocatalysis Area, LSP Division, Haridwar Road, Mokhampur, Dehradun 248005, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India.
| | - Julia Kłak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw 50-383, Poland.
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Basic Sciences, Chemistry Discipline, Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management, Near Khokhra Circle, Maninagar East, Ahmedabad-380026, Gujarat, India.
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34
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Hu Z, Yang S. Endohedral metallofullerene molecular nanomagnets. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2863-2897. [PMID: 38324027 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00991b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic lanthanide (Ln) metal complexes exhibiting magnetic bistability can behave as molecular nanomagnets, also known as single-molecule magnets (SMMs), suitable for storing magnetic information at the molecular level, thus attracting extensive interest in the quest for high-density information storage and quantum information technologies. Upon encapsulating Ln ion(s) into fullerene cages, endohedral metallofullerenes (EMFs) have been proven as a promising and versatile platform to realize chemically robust SMMs, in which the magnetic properties are able to be readily tailored by altering the configurations of the encapsulated species and the host cages. In this review, we present critical discussions on the molecular structures and magnetic characterizations of EMF-SMMs, with the focus on their peculiar molecular and electronic structures and on the intriguing molecular magnetism arising from such structural uniqueness. In this context, different families of magnetic EMFs are summarized, including mononuclear EMF-SMMs wherein single-ion anisotropy is decisive, dinuclear clusterfullerenes whose magnetism is governed by intramolecular magnetic interaction, and radical-bridged dimetallic EMFs with high-spin ground states that arise from the strong ferromagnetic coupling. We then discuss how molecular assemblies of SMMs can be constructed, in a way that the original SMM behavior is either retained or altered in a controlled manner, thanks to the chemical robustness of EMFs. Finally, on the basis of understanding the structure-magnetic property correlation, we propose design strategies for high-performance EMF-SMMs by engineering ligand fields, electronic structures, magnetic interactions, and molecular vibrations that can couple to the spin states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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35
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Yao MX, Gao YQ, An ZW, Zhu DM. The effect of magnetic coupling along the magnetic axis on slow magnetic relaxation in Dy III complexes with D5h configuration based on an aggregation-induced-emission-active ligand. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5133-5146. [PMID: 38380458 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04257j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The adjustment of crystal symmetry and intramolecular magnetic coupling is of great importance for the construction of high-performance single-molecule magnets. By using an aggregation-induced-emission-active pyridine-carbohydrazone-based Schiff base ligand and phosphine oxides, four dinuclear and one one-dimensional DyIII-based complexes, [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(Bu3PO)2Cl2]·2CH3CN·2H2O (1), [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(Cy3PO)2Cl2] (2), [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(MePA)2Cl2]·2CH3OH (3), [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(Ph3PO)2Cl2]2 (4) and [Dy2(TPE-pc)2(DPPO)Cl2]n (5) (H2TPE-pc = (E)-N'-(2-hydroxy-5-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzylidene)picolinohydrazide, MePA = N-phenyl-N',N''-bis(morpholinyl) phosphoric triamide, DPPO = piperazine-1,4-diylbis(diphenyl phosphine oxide)), were isolated. All complexes are made up of an enol oxygen-bridged Dy2 unit, where DyIII ions possess a pentagonal bipyramidal geometry with pseudo D5h symmetry. Magnetic measurements reveal that intramolecular DyIII-DyIII couplings are ferromagnetic and all complexes display a significant slow magnetic relaxation phenomenon below 30 K under a zero dc field. Ab initio calculations indicate that the anisotropic magnetic axes of all DyIII ions are approximately perpendicular to the higher-order symmetric axes in all complexes, and that DyIII-DyIII magnetic couplings along the magnetic axes effectively suppress the ground state quantum tunneling effect of magnetization and promote the occurrence of slow magnetic relaxation. Raman relaxation prevails in all complexes. In addition, the H2TPE-pc ligand shows an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect; however, all complexes exhibit an aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Xia Yao
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Qi Gao
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Zhong-Wu An
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Dong-Mei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Lab for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
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36
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Hand AT, Watson-Sanders BD, Xue ZL. Spectroscopic techniques to probe magnetic anisotropy and spin-phonon coupling in metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4390-4405. [PMID: 38380640 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03609j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Magnetism of molecular quantum materials such as single-molecule magnets (SMMs) has been actively studied for potential applications in the new generation of high-density data storage using SMMs and quantum information science. Magnetic anisotropy and spin-phonon coupling are two key properties of d- and f-metal complexes. Here, phonons refer to both intermolecular and intramolecular vibrations. Direct determination of magnetic anisotropy and experimental studies of spin-phonon coupling are critical to the understanding of molecular magnetism. This article discusses our recent approach in using three complementary techniques, far-IR and Raman magneto-spectroscopies (FIRMS and RaMS, respectively) and inelastic neutron scatterings (INS), to determine magnetic excited states. Spin-phonon couplings are observed in FIRMS and RaMS. DFT phonon calculations give energies and symmetries of phonons as well as calculated INS spectra which help identify magnetic peaks in experimental INS spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Hand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
| | | | - Zi-Ling Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
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37
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Fu H, Jiang Y, Zhang M, Zhong Z, Liang Z, Wang S, Du Y, Yan C. High-entropy rare earth materials: synthesis, application and outlook. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2211-2247. [PMID: 38240305 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs01030e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Recently, high-entropy (HE) materials have attracted increasing interest in various fields due to their unique characteristics. Rare earth (RE) elements have a similar atomic radius and gradually occupied 4f orbitals, endowing them with abundant optical, electric, and magnetic properties. Furthermore, HE-RE materials exhibit good structural and thermal stability and various functional properties, emerging as an important class of HE materials, which are on the verge of rapid development. However, a comprehensive review focusing on the introduction and in-depth understanding of HE-RE materials has not been reported to date. Thus, this review endeavors to provide a comprehensive summary of the development and research status of HE-RE materials, including alloys and ceramics, ranging from their structure, synthesis, and properties to applications. In addition, some distinctive issues of HR-RE materials related to the special electronic structure of RE are also discussed. Finally, we put forward the current challenges and future development directions of HE-RE materials. We hope that this review will provide inspiration for new design ideas and valuable references in this emerging field in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fu
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Mengzhen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ziyun Zhong
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Zhong Liang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yaping Du
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Chunhua Yan
- Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Center for Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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38
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Emerson-King J, Gransbury GK, Whitehead GFS, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Rouzières M, Clérac R, Chilton NF, Mills DP. Isolation of a Bent Dysprosium Bis(amide) Single-Molecule Magnet. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3331-3342. [PMID: 38282511 PMCID: PMC10859956 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The isolation of formally two-coordinate lanthanide (Ln) complexes is synthetically challenging, due to predominantly ionic Ln bonding regimes favoring high coordination numbers. In 2015, it was predicted that a near-linear dysprosium bis(amide) cation [Dy{N(SiiPr3)2}2]+ could provide a single-molecule magnet (SMM) with an energy barrier to magnetic reversal (Ueff) of up to 2600 K, a 3-fold increase of the record Ueff for a Dy SMM at the time; this work showed a potential route to SMMs that can provide high-density data storage at higher temperatures. However, synthetic routes to a Dy complex containing only two monodentate ligands have not previously been realized. Here, we report the synthesis of the target bent dysprosium bis(amide) complex, [Dy{N(SiiPr3)2}2][Al{OC(CF3)3}4] (1-Dy), together with the diamagnetic yttrium analogue. We find Ueff = 950 ± 30 K for 1-Dy, which is much lower than the predicted values for idealized linear two-coordinate Dy(III) cations. Ab initio calculations of the static electronic structure disagree with the experimentally determined height of the Ueff barrier, thus magnetic relaxation is faster than expected based on magnetic anisotropy alone. We propose that this is due to enhanced spin-phonon coupling arising from the flexibility of the Dy coordination sphere, in accord with ligand vibrations being of equal importance to magnetic anisotropy in the design of high-temperature SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Emerson-King
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Gemma K. Gransbury
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - George F. S. Whitehead
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | | | | | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans
Creek Road, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - David P. Mills
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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39
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Gil Y, Aravena D. Understanding Single-Molecule Magnet properties of lanthanide complexes from 4f orbital splitting. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2207-2217. [PMID: 38193335 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04179d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
We present an approach for connecting the magnetic anisotropy of lanthanide mononuclear complexes with their f-orbital splitting for both idealized and real coordination environments. Our proposal is straightforward to apply and provides sensible estimations of the energy spacing of the ground multiplet for axial magnetic systems. This energy splitting controls Single-Molecule Magnet properties of lanthanide complexes, determining key parameters such as the demagnetization energy barrier (Ueff). Importantly, this approach is consistent with the current paradigm of oblate and prolate preferences for the distribution of the f-electron density, but delivers a finer description for ions belonging to the same group (e.g. the oblates TbIII and DyIII). The model provides simple explanations for some general trends observed experimentally (e.g. the low barriers for ErIII complexes in comparison to DyIII or the large barriers observed for cyclopentadienyl DyIII complexes in comparison with other ligands based on organometallic rings), contributing as a valuable tool to expand our description of ligand field effects in lanthanide-based SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolimar Gil
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Aravena
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile.
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40
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Hauser A, Münzfeld L, Uhlmann C, Lebedkin S, Schlittenhardt S, Ruan TT, Kappes MM, Ruben M, Roesky PW. It's not just the size that matters: crystal engineering of lanthanide-based coordination polymers. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1338-1347. [PMID: 38274072 PMCID: PMC10806785 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03746k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of Lewis base free coordination polymers of selected lanthanides are presented. For this purpose, the substituted CotTIPS ligand (CotTIPS = 1,4-bis-triisopropylsilyl-cyclo-octatetraendiide) was used to synthesize homoleptic, anionic multidecker compounds of the type [K{LnIII(ɳ8-CotTIPS)2}]n. Depending on the solvent used for crystallization and the ionic radii of the lanthanide cations, three different categories of one-dimensional heterobimetallic coordination polymers were obtained in the solid state. For the early lanthanides La and Ce a unique helical conformation was obtained by crystallization from toluene, while the ionic radius of Pr seems to be a turning point towards the crystallization of zigzag polymers. For Er a third structural motif, a trapezoidal wave polymer was observed. Additionally, the zigzag polymer for all compounds could be obtained by changing the solvent from toluene to Et2O, reavealing a correlation between solid-state structure and ionic radii as well as solvent. While photoluminescence (PL) properties of Cot-lanthanide compounds are scarce, the La complexes show ligand centered green luminescence, whereas the Ce complexes reveal deep red emission origin from d-f transitions. The Er-compounds are single-molecule magnets, in which the magnetic relaxation of each Er ion occurs isolated from its neighbors at temperatures above 10 K, while below 9 K a strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the Er ions was seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Hauser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Luca Münzfeld
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Cedric Uhlmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Sergei Lebedkin
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Sören Schlittenhardt
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Ting-Ting Ruan
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 2 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Centre Européen de Science Quantique (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS, UMR 7006), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg 8 allée Gaspard Monge BP 70028 67083 Strasbourg Cedex France
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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41
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Vieru V, Gómez-Coca S, Ruiz E, Chibotaru LF. Increasing the Magnetic Blocking Temperature of Single-Molecule Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202303146. [PMID: 37539652 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of single-molecule magnets (SMMs), magnetic complexes capable of retaining magnetization blocking for a long time at elevated temperatures, has been a major concern for magnetochemists over the last three decades. In this review, we describe basic SMMs and the different approaches that allow high magnetization-blocking temperatures to be reached. We focus on the basic factors affecting magnetization blocking, magnetic axiality and the height of the blocking barrier, which can be used to group different families of complexes in terms of their SMM efficiency. Finally, we discuss several practical routes for the design of mono- and polynuclear complexes that could be applied in memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veacheslav Vieru
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, 6229 EN, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Gómez-Coca
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Liviu F Chibotaru
- Theory of Nanomaterials Group, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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42
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Mortensen ML, Bisht S, Abbas M, Firouzi H, McCandless GT, Shatruk M, Balkus KJ. Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks Exhibiting Fluoro-Bridged Extended Chains: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:219-228. [PMID: 38150361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Two fluoro-bridged lanthanide-containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized using 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (BPDC), a fluorinated modulator, and a lanthanide nitrate. The syntheses of MOFs containing Gd3+ or Tb3+ and a closely related MOF structure containing Ho3+, Gd3+, or Tb3+ are presented. The presence of the fluorinated metal chains in these MOFs is shown through single crystal X-ray diffraction, energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy, 19F nuclear magnetic resonance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Magnetic measurements reveal weak antiferromagnetic exchange between the Ln3+ ions mediated by fluoride anions along the zigzag ladder chains present in the crystal structures of these MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie L Mortensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Shubham Bisht
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 102 Varsity Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Hamid Firouzi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Gregory T McCandless
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Michael Shatruk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 102 Varsity Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Kenneth J Balkus
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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43
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Rajabi A, Grotjahn R, Rappoport D, Furche F. A DFT perspective on organometallic lanthanide chemistry. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:410-417. [PMID: 38013481 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03221c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Computational studies of the coordination chemistry and bonding of lanthanides have grown in recent decades as the need for understanding the distinct physical, optical, and magnetic properties of these compounds increased. Density functional theory (DFT) methods offer a favorable balance of computational cost and accuracy in lanthanide chemistry and have helped to advance the discovery of novel oxidation states and electronic configurations. This Frontier article examines the scope and limitations of DFT in interpreting structural and spectroscopic data of low-valent lanthanide complexes, elucidating periodic trends, and predicting their properties and reactivity, presented through selected examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Rajabi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Robin Grotjahn
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Dmitrij Rappoport
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
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44
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Jin PB, Luo QC, Gransbury GK, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Hajdu T, Strashnov I, McInnes EJL, Winpenny REP, Chilton NF, Mills DP, Zheng YZ. Thermally Stable Terbium(II) and Dysprosium(II) Bis-amidinate Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27993-28009. [PMID: 37997752 PMCID: PMC10755703 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The thermostable four-coordinate divalent lanthanide (Ln) bis-amidinate complexes [Ln(Piso)2] (Ln = Tb, Dy; Piso = {(NDipp)2CtBu}, Dipp = C6H3iPr2-2,6) were prepared by the reduction of parent five-coordinate Ln(III) precursors [Ln(Piso)2I] (Ln = Tb, Dy) with KC8; halide abstraction of [Ln(Piso)2I] with [H(SiEt3)2][B(C6F5)] gave the respective Ln(III) complexes [Ln(Piso)2][B(C6F5)]. All complexes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ICP-MS, elemental analysis, SQUID magnetometry, UV-vis-NIR, ATR-IR, NMR, and EPR spectroscopy and ab initio CASSCF-SO calculations. These data consistently show that [Ln(Piso)2] formally exhibit Ln(II) centers with 4fn5dz21 (Ln = Tb, n = 8; Dy, n = 9) valence electron configurations. We show that simple assignments of the f-d coupling to either L-S or J-s schemes are an oversimplification, especially in the presence of significant crystal field splitting. The coordination geometry of [Ln(Piso)2] is intermediate between square planar and tetrahedral. Projecting from the quaternary carbon atoms of the CN2 ligand backbones shows near-linear C···Ln···C arrangements. This results in strong axial ligand fields to give effective energy barriers to magnetic reversal of 1920(91) K for the Tb(II) analogue and 1964(48) K for Dy(II), the highest values observed for mononuclear Ln(II) single-molecule magnets, eclipsing 1738 K for [Tb(C5iPr5)2]. We tentatively attribute the fast zero-field magnetic relaxation for these complexes at low temperatures to transverse fields, resulting in considerable mixing of mJ states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Bo Jin
- Frontier
Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of
Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, MOE Key Laboratory for
Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Key Laboratory
of Electronic Devices and Materials Chemistry and School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Cheng Luo
- Frontier
Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of
Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, MOE Key Laboratory for
Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Key Laboratory
of Electronic Devices and Materials Chemistry and School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Gemma K. Gransbury
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - Tomáš Hajdu
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Ilya Strashnov
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Eric J. L. McInnes
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Richard E. P. Winpenny
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - David P. Mills
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Yan-Zhen Zheng
- Frontier
Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of
Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, MOE Key Laboratory for
Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Key Laboratory
of Electronic Devices and Materials Chemistry and School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
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45
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Manvell AS, Pfleger R, Bonde NA, Briganti M, Mattei CA, Nannestad TB, Weihe H, Powell AK, Ollivier J, Bendix J, Perfetti M. LnDOTA puppeteering: removing the water molecule and imposing tetragonal symmetry. Chem Sci 2023; 15:113-123. [PMID: 38131074 PMCID: PMC10732010 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03928e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Complexes of lanthanide(iii) ions (Ln) with tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetate (DOTA) are a benchmark in the field of magnetism due to their well-investigated and sometimes surprising features. Ab initio calculations suggest that the ninth ligand, an axial water molecule, is key in defining the magnetic properties because it breaks the potential C4 symmetry of the resulting complexes. In this paper, we experimentally isolate the role of the water molecule by excluding it from the metal coordination sphere without altering the chemical structure of the ligand. Our complexes are therefore designed to be geometrically tetragonal and strict crystallographic symmetry is achieved by exploiting a combination of solution ionic strength and solid state packing effects. A thorough multitechnique approach has been used to unravel the electronic structure and magnetic anisotropy of the complexes. Moreover, the geometry enhancement allows us to predict, using only one angle obtained from the crystal structure, the ground state composition of all the studied derivatives (Ln = Tb to Yb). Therefore, these systems also provide an excellent platform to test the validity and limitations of the ab initio methods. Our combined experimental and theoretical investigation proves that the water molecule is indeed key in defining the magnetic anisotropy and the slow relaxation of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schannong Manvell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Rouven Pfleger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Engesserstrasse 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Niels Andreas Bonde
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark
- Institut Laue-Langevin 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Matteo Briganti
- Department of Chemistry U. Schiff Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Carlo Andrea Mattei
- Department of Chemistry U. Schiff Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Theis Brock Nannestad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Høgni Weihe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Annie K Powell
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Engesserstrasse 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jacques Ollivier
- Institut Laue-Langevin 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 DK-2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Mauro Perfetti
- Department of Chemistry U. Schiff Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
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46
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Gavrikov AV, Ilyukhin AB, Taydakov IV, Metlin MT, Datskevich NP, Buzoverov ME, Babeshkin KA, Efimov NN. Novel stable ytterbium acetylacetonate-quinaldinate complexes as single-molecule magnets and surprisingly efficient luminophores. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17911-17927. [PMID: 37982138 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03253a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The first Yb complexes comprising a quinoline-2-carboxylate (quinaldinate, Q-) ligand, namely 1D-polymeric [Yb(acac)2(Q)]n (1, acac- is the acetylacetonate (pentane-2,4-dionate) anion) and mononuclear [Yb(acac)2(Q)(Phen)] (2, Phen is 1,10-phenanthroline), are reported. The bifunctionality of both complexes as field-induced single-molecule magnets (SMMs) and near IR luminophores has been revealed. The SMM properties of 1 and 2 have been discussed in terms of the geometry and composition of the coordination environment. Also, 1 is the first example of 1D-polymeric SMMs with the capped octahedral surrounding of Yb3+. The photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of 1 and 2 are 2 and 4%, respectively. The origins of this difference are discussed. Surprisingly, the PLQY value of 2 is high for compounds comprising a lot of C-H vibrational quenchers, being the highest one for reliably characterized Yb β-diketonate complexes, and surpassing those for complexes with a broad range of anionic ligands. In this respect, the role of the Phen ligand is to tune the coordination mode of Q- thereby decreasing the energy of coordinating C-O oscillators rather than to act as a typical antenna ligand. These results can give rise to an alternative route to elaborate efficient Yb-based luminophores via the substitution of the β-diketonate ligands controlled by the introduction of appropriate neutral ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Gavrikov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey B Ilyukhin
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Ilya V Taydakov
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail T Metlin
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
- N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-ya Baumanskaya str. 5/1, 105005, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay P Datskevich
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 53 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail E Buzoverov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Konstantin A Babeshkin
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Nikolay N Efimov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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47
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Hossack C, Cahill C, Besson C. Utility of all-pyrazole heteroscorpionates in f-element chemistry. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17656-17665. [PMID: 37943084 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02737f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery in 1966, scorpionate ligands have been utilized to make coordination compounds for a variety of applications such as: studying organometallic reactions, biomimetic complexes, light-emitting materials and single-ion magnets. The recent development of a solvent-free pyrazole substitution chemistry has yielded the quantitative synthesis of asymmetrically functionalized all-pyrazole heteroscorpionate ligands. In this frontier article, we highlight the utility of all-pyrazole heteroscorpionates, specifically, nitro-trispyrazolylborates, in f-element chemistry. They offer great versatility in coordinating ability, donor strength, steric bulk and even optical charge transfer properties, all of which can be used to tune the properties of resultant complexes with metal ions. We show how they can impart structural diversity, sensitize Ln3+ luminescence and engender magnetic anisotropy and slow magnetic relaxation in the ion they coordinate. Additionally, we comment on the future of functionalized trispyrazolyl scorpionates, which includes enabling post-synthetic modifications of f-element complexes and becoming a platform to study the electronic properties of low oxidation state actinides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hossack
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA.
| | - Christopher Cahill
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA.
| | - Claire Besson
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA.
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48
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Liu Y, Sun X, Chen P, Li X, Huang FP, Liu HT, Tian H. Double-stranded metallo-triangles: from anion-templated nonanuclear to cation-templated tetraicosanuclear dysprosium clusters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:14134-14137. [PMID: 37955099 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Two double-stranded metallo-triangles, Dy9 and Dy24, with hexaple-C10H7PO32- bridges were constructed, and their magnetic properties were explored. Compared with the field-induced relaxation phenomenon of Dy9 templated with a chloride anion, Dy24 templated with a sodium cation exhibited zero-field single-molecule-magnet behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China.
| | - Peiqiong Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China.
| | - Fu-Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Hou-Ting Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China.
| | - Haiquan Tian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China.
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Gil Y, de Santana RC, Vega A, Aravena D, Spodine E. Influence of symmetry on the magneto-optical properties of a bifunctional macrocyclic Dy III complex. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 38014706 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03042c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel complex, [Dy(LPr)(NO3)2]·(H2O)·(NO3) (1), containing a highly distorted macrocyclic ligand (LPr) and weak axial anions (NO3-), was synthesized and characterized. Even though this coordination environment is not ideal for maximizing the magnetic anisotropy of a DyIII ion, a magneto-structural analysis reveals that the high distortion of the macrocycle promotes a disposition of the hard plane and easy axis opposite to the expected one. This results in a quite symmetrical environment which allows obtaining a field induced SMM behaviour. The magnetic relaxation properties of this complex were rationalized with the aid of ab initio multireference calculations. Moreover, 1 showed the characteristic emission bands of DyIII ion, indicating that the macrocyclic ligand acts as an efficient sensitizer in the energy transfer process to the emissive state of the DyIII ion. Due to the symmetric environment of 1, the Y/B intensity ratio (0.61) results in CIE coordinates (0.278; 0.314), close to those of the white light region. To gain further insight into the mechanism leading to the luminescence properties, ab initio calculations were performed to elucidate the key factors controlling the Y/B intensity ratio in this bifunctional complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolimar Gil
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, 8380544, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Ricardo Costa de Santana
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, 74690-900, Goiânia (GO), Brazil
| | - Andrés Vega
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Aravena
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Evgenia Spodine
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, 8380544, Santiago, Chile.
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50
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Zabala-Lekuona A, Landart-Gereka A, Quesada-Moreno MM, Mota AJ, Díaz-Ortega IF, Nojiri H, Krzystek J, Seco JM, Colacio E. Zero-Field SMM Behavior Triggered by Magnetic Exchange Interactions and a Collinear Arrangement of Local Anisotropy Axes in a Linear Co 3II Complex. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37991724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
A new linear trinuclear Co(II)3 complex with a formula of [{Co(μ-L)}2Co] has been prepared by self-assembly of Co(II) ions and the N3O3-tripodal Schiff base ligand H3L, which is obtained from the condensation of 1,1,1-tris(aminomethyl)ethane and salicylaldehyde. Single X-ray diffraction shows that this compound is centrosymmetric with triple-phenolate bridging groups connecting neighboring Co(II) ions, leading to a paddle-wheel-like structure with a pseudo-C3 axis lying in the Co-Co-Co direction. The Co(II) ions at both ends of the Co(II)3 molecule exhibit distorted trigonal prismatic CoN3O3 geometry, whereas the Co(II) at the middle presents an elongated trigonal antiprismatic CoO6 geometry. The combined analysis of the magnetic data and theoretical calculations reveal strong easy-axis magnetic anisotropy for both types of Co(II) ions (|D| values higher than 115 cm-1) with the local anisotropic axes lying on the pseudo-C3 axis of the molecule. The magnetic exchange interaction between the middle and ends Co(II) ions, extracted by using either a Hamiltonian accounting for the isotropic magnetic coupling and ZFS or the Lines' model, was found to be medium to strong and antiferromagnetic in nature, whereas the interaction between the external Co(II) ions is weak antiferromagnetic. Interestingly, the compound exhibits slow relaxation of magnetization and open hysteresis at zero field and therefore SMM behavior. The significant magnetic exchange coupling found for [{Co(μ-L)}2Co] is mainly responsible for the quenching of QTM, which combined with the easy-axis local anisotropy of the CoII ions and the collinearity of their local anisotropy axes with the pseudo-C3 axis favors the observation of SMM behavior at zero field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andoni Zabala-Lekuona
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Aritz Landart-Gereka
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Mar Quesada-Moreno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio J Mota
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ismael F Díaz-Ortega
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Jurek Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - José M Seco
- Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Enrique Colacio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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