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Ströh J, Hess T, Ohrt L, Fritzsch H, Etter M, Dippel AC, Nyamen LD, Terraschke H. Detailed insights into the formation pathway of CdS and ZnS in solution: a multi-modal in situ characterisation approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4489-4500. [PMID: 36655628 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02707k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The high stability, high availability, and wide size-dependent bandgap energy of sulphidic semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) render them promising for applications in optoelectronic devices and solar cells. However, the tunability of their optical properties depends on the strict control of their crystal structure and crystallisation process. Herein, we studied the structural evolution during the formation of CdS and ZnS in solution by combining in situ luminescence spectroscopy, synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction (XRD) and pair distribution function (PDF) analyses for the first time. The influence of precursor type, concentration, temperature and heating program on the product formation and on the bandgap or trap emission were investigated in detail. In summary, for CdS, single-source precursor (SSP) polyol strategies using the dichlorobis(thiourea)cadmium(II) complex and double-source precursor approaches combining Cd(CH3COO)2·2H2O and thiourea led to the straightforward product at 100 °C, while the catena((m2-acetato-O,O')-(acetate-O,O')-(m2-thiourea)-cadmium) complex was formed at 25 and 80 °C. For ZnS, the reaction between Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O and thiourea at 100 °C led to the product formation after the crystallisation and dissolution of an unknown intermediate. At 180 °C, besides an unknown phase, the acetato-bis(thiourea)-zinc(II) complex was also detected as a reaction intermediate. The formation of such reaction intermediates, which generally remain undetected applying only ex situ characterisation approaches, reinforce the importance of in situ analysis for promoting the advance on the production of tailored semiconductor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ströh
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - T Hess
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - L Ohrt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - H Fritzsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - M Etter
- DESY Photon Science, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A-C Dippel
- DESY Photon Science, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - L D Nyamen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany. .,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - H Terraschke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
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Is there a common reaction pathway for chromium sulfides as anodes in sodium-ion batteries? A case study about sodium storage properties of MCr2S4 (M = Cr, Ti, Fe). J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We present new insights into the electrochemical properties of three metal sulfides MCr2S4 (M = Cr, Ti, Fe) probed as anode materials in sodium-ion batteries for the first time. The electrodes deliver decent reversible capacities and good long-term cycle stability, e.g., 470, 375, and 524 mAh g−1 are obtained after 200 cycles applying 0.5 A g−1 for M = Cr, Ti, and Fe, respectively. The reaction mechanisms are investigated via synchrotron-based X-ray powder diffraction and pair distribution function analyses. The highly crystalline educts are decomposed into Na2S nanoparticles and ultra-small metal particles during initial discharge without formation of intermediate NaCrS2 domains as previously reported for CuCrS2 and NiCr2S4. After a full cycle, the structural integrity of MCr2S4 (M = Cr, Ti, Fe) is not recovered. Thus, the Na storage properties are attributed to redox reactions between nanoscopic to X-ray amorphous conversion products with only local atomic correlations M···S/S···S in the charged and M···M/Na···S in the discharged state.
Graphical Abstract
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van Dinter J, Grantz D, Bitter A, Bensch W. A Combined Sodium Intercalation and Copper Extrusion Mechanism in the Thiophosphate Family: CuCrP2S6 as Anode Material in Sodium‐Ion Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas van Dinter
- Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel Institut für Anorganische Chemie GERMANY
| | - David Grantz
- Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel Institut für Anorganische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Alexander Bitter
- Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel Institut für Anorganische Chemie GERMANY
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel: Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel Institut für Anorganische Chemie 24098 Kiel GERMANY
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Liu D, Shadike Z, Lin R, Qian K, Li H, Li K, Wang S, Yu Q, Liu M, Ganapathy S, Qin X, Yang QH, Wagemaker M, Kang F, Yang XQ, Li B. Review of Recent Development of In Situ/Operando Characterization Techniques for Lithium Battery Research. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806620. [PMID: 31099081 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demands of energy storage require the significant improvement of current Li-ion battery electrode materials and the development of advanced electrode materials. Thus, it is necessary to gain an in-depth understanding of the reaction processes, degradation mechanism, and thermal decomposition mechanisms under realistic operation conditions. This understanding can be obtained by in situ/operando characterization techniques, which provide information on the structure evolution, redox mechanism, solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation, side reactions, and Li-ion transport properties under operating conditions. Here, the recent developments in the in situ/operando techniques employed for the investigation of the structural stability, dynamic properties, chemical environment changes, and morphological evolution are described and summarized. The experimental approaches reviewed here include X-ray, electron, neutron, optical, and scanning probes. The experimental methods and operating principles, especially the in situ cell designs, are described in detail. Representative studies of the in situ/operando techniques are summarized, and finally the major current challenges and future opportunities are discussed. Several important battery challenges are likely to benefit from these in situ/operando techniques, including the inhomogeneous reactions of high-energy-density cathodes, the development of safe and reversible Li metal plating, and the development of stable SEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Liu
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zulipiya Shadike
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Ruoqian Lin
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Kun Qian
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Nano Energy Materials Laboratory (NEM), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hai Li
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kaikai Li
- Interdisciplinary Division of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Shuwei Wang
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qipeng Yu
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629JB, The Netherlands
| | - Swapna Ganapathy
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629JB, The Netherlands
| | - Xianying Qin
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Quan-Hong Yang
- Nanoyang Group, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Marnix Wagemaker
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629JB, The Netherlands
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Nano Energy Materials Laboratory (NEM), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Baohua Li
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Materials and Devices Testing Center, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Krengel M, Hansen AL, Kaus M, Indris S, Wolff N, Kienle L, Westfal D, Bensch W. CuV 2S 4: A High Rate Capacity and Stable Anode Material for Sodium Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21283-21291. [PMID: 28594544 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ternary compound CuV2S4 exhibits an excellent performance as anode material for sodium ion batteries with a high reversible capacity of 580 mAh g-1 at 0.7 A g-1 after 300 cycles. A Coulombic efficiency of ≈99% is achieved after the third cycle. Increase of the C-rate leads to a drop of the capacity, but a full recovery is observed after switching back to the initial C-rate. In the early stages of Na uptake first Cu+ is reduced and expelled from the electrode as nanocrystalline metallic Cu. An increase of the Na content leads to a full conversion of the material with nanocrystalline Cu particles and elemental V embedded in a Na2S matrix. The formation of Na2S is evidenced by 23Na MAS NMR spectra and X-ray powder diffraction. During the charge process the nanocrystalline Cu particles are retained, but no crystalline materials are formed. At later stages of cycling the reaction mechanism changes which is accompanied by the formation of copper(I) sulfide. The presence of nanocrystalline metallic Cu and/or Cu2S improves the electrical conductivity, leading to superior cycling and rate capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Krengel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Christan-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str.2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Hansen
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Christan-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str.2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kaus
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sylvio Indris
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Niklas Wolff
- Institute for Materials Science, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lorenz Kienle
- Institute for Materials Science, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - David Westfal
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Christan-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str.2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Christan-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Str.2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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6
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Krüger M, Inge AK, Reinsch H, Li YH, Wahiduzzaman M, Lin CH, Wang SL, Maurin G, Stock N. Polymorphous Al-MOFs Based on V-Shaped Linker Molecules: Synthesis, Properties, and in Situ Investigation of Their Crystallization. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5851-5862. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Krüger
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - A. Ken Inge
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials and Department of Materials
and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm S-106 91, Sweden
| | - Helge Reinsch
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Yuan-Han Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Mohammad Wahiduzzaman
- Institut Charles Gerhard Montpellier, UMR-5253
Université Montpellier CNRS ENSCM, Place E. Bataillon 34095, Montpellier cedex 05, France
| | - Chia-Her Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan
| | - Sue-Lein Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Guillaume Maurin
- Institut Charles Gerhard Montpellier, UMR-5253
Université Montpellier CNRS ENSCM, Place E. Bataillon 34095, Montpellier cedex 05, France
| | - Norbert Stock
- Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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7
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Terraschke H, Ruiz Arana L, Lindenberg P, Bensch W. Development of a new in situ analysis technique applying luminescence of local coordination sensors: principle and application for monitoring metal-ligand exchange processes. Analyst 2016; 141:2588-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an00075d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In situluminescence analysis of coordination sensors (ILACS) allows studying metal-ligand exchange processes in a fast, sensitive and broadly available fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayna Terraschke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
- 24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - Laura Ruiz Arana
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
- 24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - Patric Lindenberg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
- 24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bensch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
- 24118 Kiel
- Germany
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8
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Borkiewicz OJ, Wiaderek KM, Chupas PJ, Chapman KW. Best Practices for Operando Battery Experiments: Influences of X-ray Experiment Design on Observed Electrochemical Reactivity. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2081-2085. [PMID: 26266506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olaf J Borkiewicz
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Kamila M Wiaderek
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter J Chupas
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Karena W Chapman
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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9
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Ramasamy K, Sims H, Butler WH, Gupta A. Mono-, Few-, and Multiple Layers of Copper Antimony Sulfide (CuSbS2): A Ternary Layered Sulfide. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:1587-98. [DOI: 10.1021/ja411748g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Ramasamy
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics, and §Center for Materials for Information
Technology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama AL-35487, United States
| | - Hunter Sims
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics, and §Center for Materials for Information
Technology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama AL-35487, United States
| | - William H. Butler
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics, and §Center for Materials for Information
Technology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama AL-35487, United States
| | - Arunava Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Physics, and §Center for Materials for Information
Technology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama AL-35487, United States
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Feng X, Song MK, Stolte WC, Gardenghi D, Zhang D, Sun X, Zhu J, Cairns EJ, Guo J. Understanding the degradation mechanism of rechargeable lithium/sulfur cells: a comprehensive study of the sulfur–graphene oxide cathode after discharge–charge cycling. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:16931-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01341g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Degradation mechanism of rechargeable lithium/sulfur-graphene oxide cell was studied using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Feng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029, China
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | - Min-Kyu Song
- The Molecular Foundry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of California
| | - Wayne C. Stolte
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Nevada
| | - David Gardenghi
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Nevada
| | - Duo Zhang
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Soochow University
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029, China
| | - Elton J. Cairns
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of California
- Berkeley, USA
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemistry
- University of California
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Carvalho A, Rayson MJ, Briddon PR, Manzhos S. Effect of the adsorption of ethylene carbonate on Si surfaces on the Li insertion behavior. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Permien S, Hain H, Scheuermann M, Mangold S, Mereacre V, Powell AK, Indris S, Schürmann U, Kienle L, Duppel V, Harm S, Bensch W. Electrochemical insertion of Li into nanocrystalline MnFe2O4: a study of the reaction mechanism. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44383c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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