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Chen Q, Banwell MG, Gardiner MG, Lan P, Tan S. Total Syntheses of the Tropolone-Containing Sesquiterpene Olaximbriside A and Its Decarbonylated Counterpart Olaximbriside B. J Org Chem 2024; 89:13530-13539. [PMID: 39264267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
The racemic modification of the α-tropolone-containing sesquiterpene olaximbriside A [viz. (±)-4)] has been prepared over 12 steps from the readily accessible decalin derivative 12. The last two of these steps involve a fully regiocontrolled substitution reaction of bromotropone 24. The aromatization of a stereoisomeric and co-produced form of compound 12 has provided (±)-olaximbriside B [(±)-5)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ping Lan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Anhui Jinhe Industrial Co. Ltd, Chuzhou 239200, China
| | - Shen Tan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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2
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Murelli RP, Berkowitz AJ, Zuschlag DW. Carbocycloaddition Strategies for Troponoid Synthesis. Tetrahedron 2023; 130:133175. [PMID: 36777111 PMCID: PMC9910567 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Tropone is the prototypical aromatic 7-membered ring, and can be found in virtually any undergraduate textbook as a key example of non-benzenoid aromaticity. Aside from this important historical role, tropone is also of high interest as a uniquely reactive synthon in complex chemical synthesis as well as a valuable chemotype in drug design. More recently, there has been growing interest in the utility of tropones for catalysis and material science. Thus, synthetic strategies capable of synthesizing functional tropones are key to fully exploiting the potential of this aromatic ring system. Cycloaddition reactions are particularly powerful methods for constructing carbocycles, and these strategies in turn have proven to be powerful for generating troponoids. The following review article provides an overview of strategies for troponoids wherein the 7-membered carbocycle is generated through a cycloaddition reaction. Representative examples of each strategy are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Murelli
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, United States
| | - Alex J Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, United States
| | - Daniel W Zuschlag
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, United States
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3
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One-pot synthesis of cyclic-aminotropiminium carboxylate derivatives with DNA binding and anticancer properties. Commun Chem 2022; 5:179. [PMID: 36697960 PMCID: PMC9814901 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00798-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropolone, a nonbenzenoid aromatic molecule, is a constituent of troponoid natural products possessing a wide range of bioactivities, including anticancer. This report describes the one-pot synthesis and mechanistic studies of fifteen fluorescent Caryl-Nalkyl-substituted cyclic-aminotroponiminium carboxylate (cATC) derivatives by unusual cycloaddition and rearrangement reactions. Herein, the biochemical studies of four cATC derivatives reveal a non-intercalative binding affinity with DNA duplex. In vitro/in vivo studies show strong anti-tumor activity in three cATC derivatives. These derivatives enter the cells and localize to the nucleus and cytoplasm, which are easily traceable due to their inherent fluorescence properties. These three cATC derivatives reduce the proliferation and migration of HeLa cells more than the non-cancer cell line. They induce p38-p53-mediated apoptosis and inhibit EMT. In xenograft-based mouse models, these cATC derivatives reduce tumor size. Overall, this study reports the synthesis of DNA binding fluorescent Caryl-Nalkyl-cyclic-aminotroponiminium derivatives which show anti-tumor activity with the minimum side effect.
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4
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Du Y, Huang B, Zeng J, Cai M. Recyclable heterogeneous gold(I)-catalyzed oxidative ring expansion of alkynyl quinols: a practical access to tropone and its analogues. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6488-6499. [PMID: 33903864 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00988e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous gold(i)-catalyzed oxidative ring expansion of alkynyl quinols has been achieved by using a benzyldiphenylphosphine-modified MCM-41-immobilized gold(i) complex [MCM-41-BnPh2P-AuNTf2] as the catalyst and 8-methylquinoline N-oxide as the oxidant under mild reaction conditions, yielding a variety of functionalized tropone derivatives in good to excellent yields. Extension of this methodology allows for facile construction of other seven- or six-membered ring systems including dibenzotropones, dibenzooxepines, phenanthrenes, and quinolin-2(1H)-ones. This new heterogeneous gold(i) complex can be readily recovered through a simple filtration process and recycled at least eight times without any apparent decrease in catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Du
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
| | - Jiajun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
| | - Mingzhong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China.
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5
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Vicente R. C–C Bond Cleavages of Cyclopropenes: Operating for Selective Ring-Opening Reactions. Chem Rev 2020; 121:162-226. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Vicente
- Facultad de Quı́mica, Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica e Inorgánica, Instituto de Quı́mica Organometálica Enrique Moles, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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6
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Krucinska J, Falcone E, Erlandsen H, Hazeen A, Lombardo MN, Estrada A, Robinson VL, Anderson AC, Wright DL. Structural and Functional Studies of Bacterial Enolase, a Potential Target against Gram-Negative Pathogens. Biochemistry 2019; 58:1188-1197. [PMID: 30714720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b01298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Enolase is a glycolytic metalloenzyme involved in carbon metabolism. The advantage of targeting enolase lies in its essentiality in many biological processes such as cell wall formation and RNA turnover and as a plasminogen receptor. We initially used a DARTS assay to identify enolase as a target in Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activities of α-, β-, and γ-substituted seven-member ring tropolones were first evaluated against four strains representing a range of Gram-negative bacteria. We observed that the chemical properties and position of the substituents on the tropolone ring play an important role in the biological activity of the investigated compounds. Both α- and β-substituted phenyl derivatives of tropolone were the most active with minimum inhibitory concentrations in the range of 11-14 μg/mL. The potential inhibitory activity of the synthetic tropolones was further evaluated using an enolase inhibition assay, X-ray crystallography, and molecular docking simulations. The catalytic activity of enolase was effectively inhibited by both the naturally occurring β-thujaplicin and the α- and β-substituted phenyl derivatives of tropolones with IC50 values in range of 8-11 μM. Ligand binding parameters were assessed by isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry techniques and agreed with the in vitro data. Our studies validate the antibacterial potential of tropolones with careful consideration of the position and character of chelating moieties for stronger interaction with metal ions and residues in the enolase active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Krucinska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , 69 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Eric Falcone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , 69 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Heidi Erlandsen
- Center for Open Research Resources & Equipment (COR2E) , University of Connecticut , 91 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Akram Hazeen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Michael N Lombardo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , 69 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Alexavier Estrada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , 69 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Victoria L Robinson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , University of Connecticut , 91 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Amy C Anderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , 69 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Dennis L Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , 69 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
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7
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Hammer N, Erickson JD, Lauridsen VH, Jakobsen JB, Hansen BK, Jacobsen KM, Poulsen TB, Jørgensen KA. Catalytic Asymmetric [4+2]‐Cycloadditions Using Tropolones: Developments, Scope, Transformations, and Bioactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13216-13220. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hammer
- Department of ChemistryAarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Bente K. Hansen
- Department of ChemistryAarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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8
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Hammer N, Erickson JD, Lauridsen VH, Jakobsen JB, Hansen BK, Jacobsen KM, Poulsen TB, Jørgensen KA. Catalytic Asymmetric [4+2]‐Cycloadditions Using Tropolones: Developments, Scope, Transformations, and Bioactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hammer
- Department of ChemistryAarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Bente K. Hansen
- Department of ChemistryAarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
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9
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Dastan A, Kilic H, Saracoglu N. One hundred years of benzotropone chemistry. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1120-1180. [PMID: 29977384 PMCID: PMC6009416 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the chemistry of benzo-annulated tropones and tropolones reported since the beginning of the 20th century, which are currently used as tools by the synthetic and biological communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Dastan
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Haydar Kilic
- Oltu Vocational Training School, Atatürk University, 25400, Erzurum, Turkey.,East Anotolia High Technology Application and Research Center, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nurullah Saracoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
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10
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Suzuki R, Inoue Y, Limmatvapirat S, Murata I, Kanamoto I. Molecular interactions of the inclusion complexes of hinokitiol and various cyclodextrins. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:2717-2726. [PMID: 28299622 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare inclusion complexes of hinokitiol (HT)/α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) and HT/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) by cogrinding and to evaluate the differences in their formation. The physical properties of the preparation were evaluated by Job's plot, phase solubility studies, differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, solid fluorescence spectra, and infrared absorption spectra. Intermolecular interaction in the solid state was confirmed to be in the ratios HT/α-CD = 1/2 and HT/β-CD = 1/1. Results indicated that the dissolution property of HT was improved by inclusion in the complexes HT/α-CD and HT/β-CD compared with HT crystals. The 1H-1H ROESY NMR spectrum of HT/α-CD showed that part of the seven-membered ring of HT and the isopropyl group of HT was linked to the wider edges of the two α-CDs. In HT/β-CD, the seven-membered ring of HT interacted with the narrower edge of β-CD and the isopropyl group of HT interacted with the wider edges. This structure of inclusion complexes was attributed to the difference in the cavity diameter of the CD and was thought to influence the dissolution properties.
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11
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Lomonosova E, Daw J, Garimallaprabhakaran AK, Agyemang NB, Ashani Y, Murelli RP, Tavis JE. Efficacy and cytotoxicity in cell culture of novel α-hydroxytropolone inhibitors of hepatitis B virus ribonuclease H. Antiviral Res 2017. [PMID: 28633989 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major worldwide public health problem. Current direct-acting anti-HBV drugs target the HBV DNA polymerase activity, but the equally essential viral ribonuclease H (RNaseH) activity is unexploited as a drug target. Previously, we reported that α-hydroxytropolone compounds can inhibit the HBV RNaseH and block viral replication. Subsequently, we found that our biochemical RNaseH assay underreports efficacy of the α-hydroxytropolones against HBV replication. Therefore, we conducted a structure-activity analysis of 59 troponoids against HBV replication in cell culture. These studies revealed that antiviral efficacy is diminished by larger substitutions on the tropolone ring, identified key components in the substitutions needed for high efficacy, and revealed that cytotoxicity correlates with increased lipophilicity of the α-hydroxytropolones. These data provide key guidance for further optimization of the α-hydroxytropolone scaffold as novel HBV RNaseH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lomonosova
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA; Saint Louis University Liver Center, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jil Daw
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Nana B Agyemang
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Yashkumar Ashani
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Ryan P Murelli
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA; PhD Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - John E Tavis
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA; Saint Louis University Liver Center, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
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12
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Li J, Falcone ER, Holstein SA, Anderson AC, Wright DL, Wiemer AJ. Novel α-substituted tropolones promote potent and selective caspase-dependent leukemia cell apoptosis. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:438-448. [PMID: 27663262 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tropolones, such as β-thujaplicin, are small lead-like natural products that possess a variety of biological activities. While the β-substituted natural products and their synthetic analogs are potent inhibitors of human cancer cell growth, less is known about their α-substituted counterparts. Recently, we synthesized a series of α-substituted tropolones including 2-hydroxy-7-(naphthalen-2-yl)cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one (α-naphthyl tropolone). Here, we evaluate the antiproliferative mechanisms of α-naphthyl tropolone and the related α-benzodioxinyl analog. The α-substituted tropolones inhibit growth of lymphocytic leukemia cells, but not healthy blood cells, with nanomolar potency. Treatment of leukemia cell lines with the tropolone dose-dependently induces apoptosis as judged by staining with annexin V and propidium iodide and Western blot analysis of cleaved caspase 3 and 7. Moreover, pre-treatment of cells with the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK inhibited the apoptotic effects of the tropolone in two lymphocytic lines. Caspase inhibition also blocked elevated histone acetylation caused by the tropolone, indicating that its effects on histone acetylation are potentiated by caspases. In contrast, α-naphthyl tropolone upregulated p53 expression and phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR in a manner that was not rescued by caspase inhibition. The effects of tropolone were blocked by co-incubation with high levels of free extracellular iron but not by pre-loading with iron. Additionally, dose and time dependent reduction in ex vivo viability of cells from leukemia patients was observed. Taken together, we demonstrate that α-substituted tropolones upregulate DNA damage repair pathways leading to caspase-dependent apoptosis in malignant lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Eric R Falcone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Sarah A Holstein
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Amy C Anderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Dennis L Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Andrew J Wiemer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States; Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.
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13
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Sayapin YA, Gusakov EA, Dorogan IV, Tupaeva IO, Teimurazov MG, Fursova NK, Ovchinnikov KV, Minkin VI. A new 2-(4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-on-2-yl)-1,3-tropolone: Synthesis, structure, and antibacterial properties. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162016020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Suzuki R, Inoue Y, Tsunoda Y, Murata I, Isshiki Y, Kondo S, Kanamoto I. Effect of γ-cyclodextrin derivative complexation on the physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity of hinokitiol. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-015-0557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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15
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Gooyit M, Harris TL, Tricoche N, Javor S, Lustigman S, Janda KD. Onchocerca volvulus Molting Inhibitors Identified through Scaffold Hopping. ACS Infect Dis 2015; 1:198-202. [PMID: 27622649 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.5b00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The anthelmintic closantel has shown promise in abrogating the L3 molting of Onchocerca volvulus, the causative agent of the infectious disease onchocerciasis. In our search for alternative scaffolds, we utilized a fragment replacement/modification approach to generate novel chemotypes with improved chitinase inhibitory properties. Further evaluation of the compounds unveiled the potential of urea-tropolones as potent inhibitors of O. volvulus L3 molting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Major Gooyit
- Departments
of Chemistry and Immunology and Microbial Science, The Skaggs Institute
for Chemical Biology, and The Worm Institute of Research and Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tyler L. Harris
- Departments
of Chemistry and Immunology and Microbial Science, The Skaggs Institute
for Chemical Biology, and The Worm Institute of Research and Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nancy Tricoche
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Sacha Javor
- Departments
of Chemistry and Immunology and Microbial Science, The Skaggs Institute
for Chemical Biology, and The Worm Institute of Research and Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Sara Lustigman
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Kim D. Janda
- Departments
of Chemistry and Immunology and Microbial Science, The Skaggs Institute
for Chemical Biology, and The Worm Institute of Research and Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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16
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Kats-Kagan R, Herzon SB. The Discovery of a Novel Route to Highly Substituted α-Tropolones Enables Expedient Entry to the Core of the Gukulenins. Org Lett 2015; 17:2030-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Kats-Kagan
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Seth B. Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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17
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Liu N, Song W, Schienebeck CM, Zhang M, Tang W. Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Tropones and Tropolones. Tetrahedron 2014; 70:9281-9305. [PMID: 25400298 PMCID: PMC4228802 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Tropones and tropolones are an important class of seven-membered non-benzenoid aromatic compounds. They can be prepared directly by oxidation of seven-membered rings. They can also be derived from cyclization or cycloaddition of appropriate precursors followed by elimination or rearrangement. This review discusses the types of naturally occurring tropones and tropolones and outlines important methods developed for the synthesis of tropone and tropolone natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Wangze Song
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Casi M. Schienebeck
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Min Zhang
- Innovative Drug Discovery Centre, Chongqing University, 55 Daxuecheng South Rd, Shapingba, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Tang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
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18
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Shih YH, Lin DJ, Chang KW, Hsia SM, Ko SY, Lee SY, Hsue SS, Wang TH, Chen YL, Shieh TM. Evaluation physical characteristics and comparison antimicrobial and anti-inflammation potentials of dental root canal sealers containing hinokitiol in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94941. [PMID: 24915566 PMCID: PMC4051635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hinokitiol displays potent antimicrobial activity. It has been used in toothpaste and oral-care gel to improve the oral lichen planus and reduce halitosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 3 different dental root canal sealers with hinokitiol (sealers+H) and their physical and biological effects. AH Plus (epoxy amine resin-based, AH), Apexit Plus (calcium-hydroxide-based, AP), and Canals (zinc-oxide-eugenol-based, CA), were used in this study. The original AH and CA exhibited strong anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity, but AP did not. The setting time, working time, flowability, film thickness, and solubility of each sealer+0.2%H complied with ISO 6876:2001. CA+0.2%H exhibited high cytotoxicity, but the others sealers+0.2%H did not. Because hinokitiol combined with Zn2+ in CA creates a synergistic effect. The physical tests of AP+0.5%–1%H complied with ISO 6876:2001, improved antimicrobial activity, inhibited inflammation genes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) mRNA in MG-63 cells and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF), and down-regulated lysyl oxidase (LOX) mRNA of HGF. In summary, AH and CA demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity, but AP did not. Application of hinokitiol increases AH anti-MRSA activity should less than 0.2% for keep well flowability. AP+0.5%–1% hinokitiol exhibited strong physical, antibacterial, and anti-inflammation potentials, and inhibited S. aureus abscess formation. Applying an appreciable proportion of hinokitiol to epoxy-amine-resin-based and calcium-hydroxide-based root canal sealers is warranted, but the enhanced cytotoxicity and synergistic effect must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hua Shih
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dan-Jae Lin
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chang
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yao Ko
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Yuan Lee
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shui-Sang Hsue
- Department of Oral Pathology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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19
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Ononye SN, Vanheyst MD, Giardina C, Wright DL, Anderson AC. Studies on the antiproliferative effects of tropolone derivatives in Jurkat T-lymphocyte cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2188-93. [PMID: 24613456 PMCID: PMC4011186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thujaplicins are tropolone-derived natural products with antiproliferative properties. We recently reported that certain tropolones potently and selectively target histone deacetylases (HDAC) and inhibit the growth of hematological cell lines. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which these compounds exert their antiproliferative activity in comparison with the pan-selective HDAC inhibitor, vorinostat, using Jurkat T-cell leukemia cells. The tropolones appear to work through a mechanism distinct from vorinostat. These studies suggest that tropolone derivatives may serve as selective epigenetic modulators of hematological cells with potential applications as anti-leukemic or anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia N Ononye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 N. Eagleville Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Michael D Vanheyst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 N. Eagleville Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Charles Giardina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 N. Eagleville Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Dennis L Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 N. Eagleville Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Amy C Anderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 N. Eagleville Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States.
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20
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Ononye SN, VanHeyst MD, Oblak EZ, Zhou W, Ammar M, Anderson AC, Wright DL. Tropolones as lead-like natural products: the development of potent and selective histone deacetylase inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:757-61. [PMID: 24900743 DOI: 10.1021/ml400158k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products have long been recognized as a rich source of potent therapeutics but further development is often limited by high structural complexity and high molecular weight. In contrast, at the core of the thujaplicins is a lead-like tropolone scaffold characterized by relatively low molecular weight, ample sites for diversification, and metal-binding functionality poised for targeting a range of metalloenzyme drug targets. Here, we describe the development of this underutilized scaffold for the discovery of tropolone derivatives that function as isozyme-selective inhibitors of the validated anticancer drug target, histone deacetylase (HDAC). Several monosubstituted tropolones display remarkable levels of selectivity for HDAC2 and potently inhibit the growth of T-cell lymphocyte cell lines. The tropolones represent a new chemotype of isozyme-selective HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia N. Ononye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut
06269, United States
| | - Michael D. VanHeyst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut
06269, United States
| | - E. Zachary Oblak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut
06269, United States
| | - Wangda Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut
06269, United States
| | - Mohamed Ammar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut
06269, United States
| | - Amy C. Anderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut
06269, United States
| | - Dennis L. Wright
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut
06269, United States
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21
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The tandem ring opening/ring closing metathesis route to oxaspirocycles: an approach to phelligridin G. Molecules 2013; 18:2438-48. [PMID: 23429417 PMCID: PMC6269797 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18022438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phelligridin G is an unusual natural product that contains an embedded spiro-fused furanone core. We have investigated two furan-based synthetic approaches towards the spirocyclic core structure of this natural product from readily available 2-phenylfurans. Although initial studies involving an oxidative cyclization were unsuccessful, we were ultimately able to access this key system through a sequential intermolecular furan Diels-Alder reaction followed by a metathesis-based reorganization. A related approach led to an expanded C ring to form spiro-fused pyran spirocycles.
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