1
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Marton HL, Bhatt A, Sagona AP, Kilbride P, Gibson MI. Screening of Hydrophilic Polymers Reveals Broad Activity in Protecting Phages during Cryopreservation. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:413-424. [PMID: 38124388 PMCID: PMC10777348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriophages have many biotechnological and therapeutic applications, but as with other biologics, cryopreservation is essential for storage and distribution. Macromolecular cryoprotectants are emerging for a range of biologics, but the chemical space for polymer-mediated phage cryopreservation has not been explored. Here we screen the cryoprotective effect of a panel of polymers against five distinct phages, showing that nearly all the tested polymers provide a benefit. Exceptions were poly(methacrylic acid) and poly(acrylic acid), which can inhibit phage-infection with bacteria, making post-thaw recovery challenging to assess. A particular benefit of a polymeric cryopreservation formulation is that the polymers do not function as carbon sources for the phage hosts (bacteria) and hence do not interfere with post-thaw measurements. This work shows that phages are amenable to protection with hydrophilic polymers and opens up new opportunities for advanced formulations for future phage therapies and to take advantage of the additional functionality brought by the polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huba L. Marton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Apoorva Bhatt
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Institute
of Microbiology and Infection, University
of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United
Kingdom
| | - Antonia P. Sagona
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Kilbride
- Asymptote,
Cytiva, Chivers Way, Cambridge CB24 9BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, University of
Manchester, 131 Princess
Street, Manchester, M1
7DN, United Kingdom
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2
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Judge N, Georgiou PG, Bissoyi A, Ahmad A, Heise A, Gibson MI. High Molecular Weight Polyproline as a Potential Biosourced Ice Growth Inhibitor: Synthesis, Ice Recrystallization Inhibition, and Specific Ice Face Binding. Biomacromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Judge
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Akalabya Bissoyi
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, U.K
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, U.K
| | - Andreas Heise
- Department of Chemistry, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), RCSI, Dublin 2, Ireland
- AMBER, The SFI Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin D02, Ireland
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, U.K
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, U.K
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3
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Okuno K, Arisawa T, Kamon Y, Hashidzume A, Winnik FM. Synthesis of New Thermoresponsive Polymers Possessing the Dense 1,2,3-Triazole Backbone. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5156-5165. [PMID: 34797074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive water-soluble polymers, aqueous solutions of which undergo lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase separation, have been investigated in detail for several decades. To develop LCST-type thermoresponsive polymers with new polymer backbone, 4-azido-5-hexynamide (AHA) derivatives were designed as monomers for copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) polymerization. AHA derivatives carrying secondary amide side chains, that is, 4-azido-N-methyl-5-hexynamide (M), 4-azido-N-ethyl-5-hexynamide (E), and 4-azido-N-isopropyl-5-hexynamide (iP), were first synthesized and polymerized by CuAAC to obtain polymers (poly(M), poly(E), and poly(iP)). Contrary to our expectation, poly(M), poly(E), and poly(iP) were insoluble in water and many organic solvents presumably because of the formation of hydrogen bonding between the amide side chains or between the amide side chains and triazole residues in the backbone. Thus, AHA derivatives carrying tertiary amide side chains, that is, 4-azido-N,N-dimethyl-5-hexynamide (MM), 4-azido-N-ethyl-N-methyl-5-hexynamide (ME), 4-azido-N-isopropyl-N-methyl-5-hexynamide (MiP), and 4-azido-N,N-diethyl-5-hexynamide (EE), were also synthesized and polymerized to yield polymers (poly(MM), poly(ME), poly(MiP), and poly(EE)). These polymers were soluble in a number of common organic solvents. It is noteworthy that poly(MM) and poly(ME) were also soluble in water. The phase separation behavior of 1.0 wt % aqueous solutions of poly(MM) and poly(ME) was then investigated by transmittance measurements. These data indicated that poly(ME) was an LCST-type thermoresponsive polymer, whereas poly(MM) was not. A large hysteresis was observed in the transmittance measurements for the poly(ME) aqueous solution because of slow rehydration after phase separation. The phase separation behavior was investigated preliminarily by differential scanning calorimetry and 1H NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Okuno
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Takuya Arisawa
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yuri Kamon
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akihito Hashidzume
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Françoise M Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Fabianinkatu 33, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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4
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Akar I, Foster JC, Leng X, Pearce AK, Mathers RT, O’Reilly RK. Log Poct/SA Predicts the Thermoresponsive Behavior of P(DMA- co-RA) Statistical Copolymers. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:498-503. [PMID: 35575334 PMCID: PMC9022432 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Polymers that exhibit
a lower critical solution temperature (LCST)
have been of great interest for various biological applications such
as drug or gene delivery, controlled release systems, and biosensing.
Tuning the LCST behavior through control over polymer composition
(e.g., upon copolymerization of monomers with different hydrophobicity)
is a widely used method, as the phase transition is greatly affected
by the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the copolymers. However,
the lack of a general method that relates copolymer hydrophobicity
to their temperature response leads to exhaustive experiments when
seeking to obtain polymers with desired properties. This is particularly
challenging when the target copolymers are comprised of monomers that
individually form nonresponsive homopolymers, that is, only when copolymerized
do they display thermoresponsive behavior. In this study, we sought
to develop a predictive relationship between polymer hydrophobicity
and cloud point temperature (TCP). A series
of statistical copolymers were synthesized based on hydrophilic N,N-dimethyl acrylamide (DMA) and hydrophobic
alkyl acrylate monomers, and their hydrophobicity was compared using
surface area-normalized octanol/water partition coefficients (Log Poct/SA). Interestingly, a correlation between
the Log Poct/SA of the copolymers and
their TCPs was observed for the P(DMA-co-RA) copolymers, which allowed TCP prediction of a demonstrative copolymer P(DMA-co-MMA). These results highlight the strong potential of this computational
tool to improve the rational design of copolymers with desired temperature
responses prior to synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Akar
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey C. Foster
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Xiyue Leng
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda K. Pearce
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Robert T. Mathers
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15068, United States
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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5
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Audureau N, Coumes F, Rieger J, Stoffelbach F. Poly(N-cyanoethylacrylamide), a new thermoresponsive homopolymer presenting both LCST and UCST behavior in water. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00032f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that poly(N-cyanomethylacrylamide) (PCMAm) synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization exhibits a typical upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type transition in water with a very...
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6
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Marsili L, Dal Bo M, Berti F, Toffoli G. Chitosan-Based Biocompatible Copolymers for Thermoresponsive Drug Delivery Systems: On the Development of a Standardization System. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1876. [PMID: 34834291 PMCID: PMC8620438 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide that is considered to be biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic. The polymer has been used in drug delivery applications for its positive charge, which allows for adhesion with and recognition of biological tissues via non-covalent interactions. In recent times, chitosan has been used for the preparation of graft copolymers with thermoresponsive polymers such as poly-N-vinylcaprolactam (PNVCL) and poly-N-isopropylamide (PNIPAM), allowing the combination of the biodegradability of the natural polymer with the ability to respond to changes in temperature. Due to the growing interest in the utilization of thermoresponsive polymers in the biological context, it is necessary to increase the knowledge of the key principles of thermoresponsivity in order to obtain comparable results between different studies or applications. In the present review, we provide an overview of the basic principles of thermoresponsivity, as well as a description of the main polysaccharides and thermoresponsive materials, with a special focus on chitosan and poly-N-Vinyl caprolactam (PNVCL) and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Marsili
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Michele Dal Bo
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (M.D.B.); (G.T.)
| | - Federico Berti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (M.D.B.); (G.T.)
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7
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Constantinou AP, Tall A, Li Q, Georgiou TK. Liquid–liquid phase separation in aqueous solutions of poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate homopolymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna P. Constantinou
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Royal School of Mines London UK
| | - Amy Tall
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Royal School of Mines London UK
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Royal School of Mines London UK
| | - Theoni K. Georgiou
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Royal School of Mines London UK
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8
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Hirama A, Chou LC, Kakuchi R. Streamlined access to end-functionalized thermoresponsive polymers via a combination of bulk RAFT polymerization and quasi solvent-free Passerini three-component reaction. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00504-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Yadav R, Kahlon NK, Kumar S, Devunuri N, Venkatesu P. Biophysical study on the phase transition behaviour of biocompatible thermoresponsive polymer influenced by tryptophan-based amino acid ionic liquids. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Xu S, Trujillo FJ, Xu J, Boyer C, Corrigan N. Influence of Molecular Weight Distribution on the Thermoresponsive Transition of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide). Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100212. [PMID: 34121259 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A series of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) homopolymers with narrow molecular weight distributions (MWDs) is prepared via photoinduced electron/energy transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. The thermal transition temperature of these polymer samples is analyzed via turbidity measurements in water/N,N'-dimethylformamide mixtures, which show that the cloud point temperatures are inversely proportional to the weight average molecular weight (Mw ). Binary mixtures of the narrowly distributed PNIPAm samples are also prepared and the statistical parameters for the MWDs of these blends are determined. Very interestingly, for binary blends of the PNIPAm samples, the thermoresponsive transition is not only dependent on the Mw , which has been shown previously, but also on higher order statistical parameters of the MWDs. Specifically, at very high values of skewness and kurtosis, the polymer blends deviate from a single sharp thermoresponsive transition toward a broader thermal response, and eventually to a regime of two more distinct transitions. This work highlights the importance of in-depth characterization of polymer MWDs for thermoresponsive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Francisco J Trujillo
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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11
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Investigation of the LCST-Thermoresponsive Behavior of Novel Oligo(Ethylene Glycol)-Modified Pentafluorostyrene Homopolymers. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11062711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic tetrafluorostyrene monomers (EFS8) carrying in the para position an oligoethylene glycol chain containing 8 oxyethylenic units on average were synthesized and used for preparation via activator regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET-ATRP) of the corresponding amphiphilic homopolymers (pEFS8-x) with different degrees of polymerization (x = 26 and 46). Combining light transmittance and nano-differential scanning calorimetry (n-DSC) measurements revealed that pEFS8-x homopolymers displayed a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) thermoresponsive behavior in water solutions. Moreover, n-DSC measurements revealed the presence in heating scans of a broad endothermic peak ascribable to the dehydration process of the polymer single chains (unimers) and their collapse into aggregates. Consistently, dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements showed below the LCST the presence of small nanostructures with a hydrodynamic diameter size Dh of 6–7 nm, which collapsed into concentration-dependent larger multichain aggregates (Dh = 300–3000 nm) above LCST. Interestingly, n-DSC data showed that the unimer-aggregate transition was reversible up to a specific temperature (Trev) of each homopolymer, which in any case was higher than Tmax. When heating above Trev the transition was no longer reversible, causing the shift of Tonset and Tmax at lower values, thus suggesting an increase in hydrophobicity of the polymer systems associated with a temperature-dependent dehydration process.
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12
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Castillo-Henríquez L, Castro-Alpízar J, Lopretti-Correa M, Vega-Baudrit J. Exploration of Bioengineered Scaffolds Composed of Thermo-Responsive Polymers for Drug Delivery in Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1408. [PMID: 33573351 PMCID: PMC7866792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate and adaptive immune responses lead to wound healing by regulating a complex series of events promoting cellular cross-talk. An inflammatory response is presented with its characteristic clinical symptoms: heat, pain, redness, and swelling. Some smart thermo-responsive polymers like chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, alginate, and poly(ε-caprolactone) can be used to create biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds. These processed thermo-responsive biomaterials possess 3D architectures similar to human structures, providing physical support for cell growth and tissue regeneration. Furthermore, these structures are used as novel drug delivery systems. Locally heated tumors above the polymer lower the critical solution temperature and can induce its conversion into a hydrophobic form by an entropy-driven process, enhancing drug release. When the thermal stimulus is gone, drug release is reduced due to the swelling of the material. As a result, these systems can contribute to the wound healing process in accelerating tissue healing, avoiding large scar tissue, regulating the inflammatory response, and protecting from bacterial infections. This paper integrates the relevant reported contributions of bioengineered scaffolds composed of smart thermo-responsive polymers for drug delivery applications in wound healing. Therefore, we present a comprehensive review that aims to demonstrate these systems' capacity to provide spatially and temporally controlled release strategies for one or more drugs used in wound healing. In this sense, the novel manufacturing techniques of 3D printing and electrospinning are explored for the tuning of their physicochemical properties to adjust therapies according to patient convenience and reduce drug toxicity and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Castillo-Henríquez
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), 1174-1200 San José, Costa Rica;
- Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jose Castro-Alpízar
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica;
| | - Mary Lopretti-Correa
- Nuclear Research Center, Faculty of Science, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay;
| | - José Vega-Baudrit
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology (LANOTEC), National Center for High Technology (CeNAT), 1174-1200 San José, Costa Rica;
- Laboratory of Polymers (POLIUNA), Chemistry School, National University of Costa Rica, 86-3000 Heredia, Costa Rica
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13
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Sivokhin AР, Orekhov DV, Kazantsev OA, Gubanova OV, Kamorin DM, Zarubina IS, Bolshakova EA, Zaitsev SD. Amphiphilic thermoresponsive copolymer bottlebrushes: synthesis, characterization, and study of their self-assembly into flower-like micelles. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-020-00456-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Constantinou AP, Patias G, Somuncuoğlu B, Brock T, Lester DW, Haddleton DM, Georgiou TK. Homo- and co-polymerisation of di(propylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate – a new monomer. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00444a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A new methacrylate monomer with two propylene glycol groups on the side chain, di(propylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (diPGMA), was synthesised and homo- and co-polymerised for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Toby Brock
- Department of Materials
- Imperial College London
- UK
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15
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Usman A, Zhang C, Zhao J, Peng H, Kurniawan ND, Fu C, Hill DJT, Whittaker AK. Tuning the thermoresponsive properties of PEG-based fluorinated polymers and stimuli responsive drug release for switchable 19F magnetic resonance imaging. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00602a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Switching on of the 19F MRI signal via stimuli-responsive release of hydrophobic drug from PEG-based partly-fluorinated polymers due to change in thermoresponsive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Usman
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jiacheng Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Hui Peng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nyoman D. Kurniawan
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Changkui Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David J. T. Hill
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew K. Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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16
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Kolouchová K, Lobaz V, Beneš H, de la Rosa VR, Babuka D, Švec P, Černoch P, Hrubý M, Hoogenboom R, Štěpánek P, Groborz O. Thermoresponsive properties of polyacrylamides in physiological solutions. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00843a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We show that the cloud point temperature (TCP) of thermoresponsive polyacrylamides is considerably lower in physiologically relevant solvents (phosphate-buffered saline, serum) than in pure water. This decrease of TCP may be critical for some biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Kolouchová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Heyrovsky square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Volodymyr Lobaz
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Heyrovsky square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Beneš
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Heyrovsky square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Victor R. de la Rosa
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- AVROXA BV, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 82, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Babuka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Heyrovsky square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, Prague 2, 121 16, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Švec
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Heyrovsky square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, Prague 2, 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Černoch
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Heyrovsky square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hrubý
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Heyrovsky square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Petr Štěpánek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Heyrovsky square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Groborz
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Heyrovsky square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, Salmovská 1, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Science, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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17
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Li Q, Constantinou AP, Georgiou TK. A library of thermoresponsive
PEG
‐based methacrylate homopolymers: How do the molar mass and number of ethylene glycol groups affect the cloud point? JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, Royal School of Mines London UK
| | - Anna P. Constantinou
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, Royal School of Mines London UK
| | - Theoni K. Georgiou
- Department of Materials Imperial College London, Royal School of Mines London UK
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18
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Brunato S, Mastrotto F, Bellato F, Garofalo M, Göddenhenrich T, Mantovani G, Alexander C, Gross S, Salmaso S, Caliceti P. Thermosensitive "Smart" Surfaces for Biorecognition Based Cell Adhesion and Controlled Detachment. Macromol Biosci 2020; 21:e2000277. [PMID: 33146950 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The biorecognition-based control of attachment/detachment of MCF-7 cancer cells from polymer-coated surfaces is demonstrated. A glass surface is coated with a thermoresponsive statistical copolymer of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) [p(NIPAm-co-Am)], which is end-capped with the Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (GRGDS) peptide, and the hydrophilic polymer poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of p(NIPAm-co-Am) (38 °C), the copolymers are in the extended conformation, allowing for accessibility of the GRGDS peptides to membrane-associated integrins thus enabling cell attachment. Above the LCST, the p(NIPAm-co-Am) polymers collapse into globular conformations, resulting in the shielding of the GRGDS peptides into the PEG brush with consequent inaccessibility to cell-surface integrins, causing cell detachment. The surface coating is carried out by a multi-step procedure that included: glass surface amination with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; reaction of mPEG5kDa -N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and p(NIPam-co-Am)15.1kDa -bis-NHS with the surface aminopropyl groups and conjugation of GRGDS to the carboxylic acid termini of p(NIPam-co-Am)15.1kDa -COOH. A range of spectrophotometric, surface, and microscopy assays confirmed the identity of the polymer-coated substrates. Competition studies prove that MCF-7 cancer cells are attached via peptide recognition at the coated surfaces according to the mPEG5kDa /p(NIPam-co-Am)15.1kDa -GRGDS molar ratio. These data suggest the system can be exploited to modulate cell integrin/GRGDS binding for controlled cell capture and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Brunato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Francesca Mastrotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Federica Bellato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Mariangela Garofalo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Thomas Göddenhenrich
- Institute of Physics, Giessen University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Mantovani
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Molecular Therapeutics and Formulation Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Silvia Gross
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Stefano Salmaso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Paolo Caliceti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via F. Marzolo 5, Padova, 35131, Italy
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19
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Akar I, Keogh R, Blackman LD, Foster JC, Mathers RT, O’Reilly RK. Grafting Density Governs the Thermoresponsive Behavior of P(OEGMA- co-RMA) Statistical Copolymers. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1149-1154. [PMID: 32850193 PMCID: PMC7441494 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive copolymers that exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) have been exploited to prepare stimuli-responsive materials for a broad range of applications. It is well understood that the LCST of such copolymers can be controlled by tuning molecular weight or through copolymerization of two known thermoresponsive monomers. However, no general methodology has been established to relate polymer properties to their temperature response in solution. Herein, we sought to develop a predictive relationship between polymer hydrophobicity and cloud point temperature (T CP). A series of statistical copolymers were synthesized based on hydrophilic oligoethylene glycol monomethyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA) and hydrophobic alkyl methacrylate monomers and their hydrophobicity was compared using surface area-normalized partition coefficients (log P oct/SA). However, while some insight was gained by comparing T CP and hydrophobicity values, further statistical analysis on both experimental and literature data showed that the molar percentage of comonomer (i.e., grafting density) was the strongest influencer of T CP, regardless of the comonomer used. The lack of dependence of T CP on comonomer chemistry implies that a broad range of functional, thermoresponsive materials can be prepared based on OEGMA by simply tuning grafting density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Akar
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Keogh
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Warwick, Gibbet Hill
Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis D. Blackman
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Warwick, Gibbet Hill
Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey C. Foster
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Robert T. Mathers
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15068, United States
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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20
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Keogh R, Blackman LD, Foster JC, Varlas S, O'Reilly RK. The Importance of Cooperativity in Polymer Blending: Toward Controlling the Thermoresponsive Behavior of Blended Block Copolymer Micelles. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e1900599. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Keogh
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT Birmingham UK
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road CV4 7AL Coventry UK
| | - Lewis D. Blackman
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road CV4 7AL Coventry UK
| | - Jeffrey C. Foster
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT Birmingham UK
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT Birmingham UK
| | - Rachel K. O'Reilly
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT Birmingham UK
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21
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Bozorg M, Hankiewicz B, Abetz V. Solubility behaviour of random and gradient copolymers of di- and oligo(ethylene oxide) methacrylate in water: effect of various additives. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:1066-1081. [PMID: 31859702 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Poly[oligo(ethylene oxide)] based gradient and random copolymers with different compositions are synthesized via Cu-based atom transfer radical polymerization. The solubility behavior of these copolymers in pure water and in the presence of different salts, surfactants and ethanol is investigated. According to dynamic light scattering results, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) depends on the structure of the copolymer and changes slightly in the presence of additives. Good cosolvents like ethanol can increase the LCST through dissolving the collapsed copolymer chains to some extent. The same effect is observed for surfactants that make the copolymer solution more stable by preventing aggregation. Above a certain concentration of surfactant, depending on the copolymer structure, the solution is stable at all temperatures (no LCST). The effect of salts on the solubility of the copolymers follows the Hofmeister series and it is related linearly to the salt concentration. Based on their affinity to the copolymer, the salts can increase or decrease the LCST. There is a considerable difference in phase transition changes for gradient or random copolymers after salt addition. While both copolymers show a two-step phase transition in the presence of different salts, the changes in the hydrodynamic radius and normalized scattering intensity are rather broad for random compared to gradient copolymers. Contrary to what was expected, varying the cations has no distinguishable effect on the LCST for both copolymers. All chlorides decrease the LCST. This decrease is almost the same for gradient copolymers and fluctuates for random copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bozorg
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Hankiewicz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany and Institute of Polymer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
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22
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Peng J, Tang D, Lv H, Wang N, Yang X, Sun Z, Yu Z. Thermal phase transition of poly(N-vinyl caprolactam)-based copolymers: the distribution of hydrophilic units within polymeric chains. Colloid Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-019-04537-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Chang X, Mao H, Shan G, Bao Y, Pan P. Tuning the Thermoresponsivity of Amphiphilic Copolymers via Stereocomplex Crystallization of Hydrophobic Blocks. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:357-362. [PMID: 35651137 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers that exhibit a cloud point temperature (Tcp) are an important class of stimuli-responsive polymers that have great potential for biomedical applications. Precise tuning of the Tcp is of fundamental importance for designing thermoresponsive polymers. However, tuning the Tcp generally requires sophisticated control over the chemical and assembled structures of thermoresponsive polymers. Here, we report a simple yet effective method to tune the Tcp of thermoresponsive polymers only by mixing and varying the mixing ratios of amphiphilic copolymer pair that contains l- and d-configured hydrophobic blocks in a dilute solution. Stereocomplex (SC) crystallization of the l- and d-configured blocks led to form core-shell micelles with a larger size, a bigger core, and a higher aggregation number, which facilitated the intermicellar aggregation upon heating due to improved intermicellar attractions. SC crystallization of the hydrophobic blocks improved the separation efficacy of the thermoresponsive copolymers for removal of hydrophobic pollutants from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hailiang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yongzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
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24
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Zhao C, Ma Z, Zhu X. Rational design of thermoresponsive polymers in aqueous solutions: A thermodynamics map. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Stubbs C, Congdon TR, Gibson MI. Photo-polymerisation and study of the ice recrystallisation inhibition of hydrophobically modified poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) co-polymers. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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26
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Gibson RR, Armes SP, Musa OM, Fernyhough A. End-group ionisation enables the use of poly(N-(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl pyrrolidone) as an electrosteric stabiliser block for polymerisation-induced self-assembly in aqueous media. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01619d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
End-group ionisation enables use of PNMEP as a steric stabiliser in aqueous PISA: colloidal stability depends on solution pH, with flocculation occurring below pH 4.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Gibson
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - S. P. Armes
- Dainton Building
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
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27
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Bi J, Song K, Wu S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu T. Effect of thermal-responsive surfaces based on PNIPAAm on cell adsorption/desorption. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2016.1252359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Kedong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Suli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Burns Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tianqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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28
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Abstract
Nanomedicine is a discipline that applies nanoscience and nanotechnology principles to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases. Self-assembly of molecular components is becoming a common strategy in the design and syntheses of nanomaterials for biomedical applications. In both natural and synthetic self-assembled nanostructures, molecular cooperativity is emerging as an important hallmark. In many cases, interplay of many types of noncovalent interactions leads to dynamic nanosystems with emergent properties where the whole is bigger than the sum of the parts. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the cooperativity principles in multiple self-assembled nanostructures. We discuss the molecular origin and quantitative modeling of cooperative behaviors. In selected systems, we describe the examples on how to leverage molecular cooperativity to design nanomedicine with improved diagnostic precision and therapeutic efficacy in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center , UT Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States
| | - Yiguang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center , UT Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Peking University , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center , UT Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States
| | - Jinming Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center , UT Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States
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29
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Khine YY, Ganda S, Stenzel MH. Covalent Tethering of Temperature Responsive pNIPAm onto TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibrils via Three-Component Passerini Reaction. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:412-418. [PMID: 35619354 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A critical challenge in the application of functional cellulose fibrils is to perform efficient surface modification without disrupting the original properties. Three-component Passerini reaction (Passerini 3-CR) is regarded as an effective functionalization approach which can be carried out under mild and fast reaction condition. In this study, we investigated the application of Passerini 3-CR for the synthesis of thermoresponsive cellulose fibrils by covalently tethering poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in aqueous condition at ambient temperature. The three components, a TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber bearing carboxylic acid moieties (TOCN-COOH), a functionalized polymer with aldehyde group (pNIPAm-COH) and a cyclohexyl isocyanide, were reacted in one pot resulting in 36% of grafting efficiency within 30 min. The chemical coupling was evidenced by improved aqueous dispersibility, which was further confirmed by FT-IR, TGA, UV-vis, and turbidity study. It was observed that the grafting efficiency is strongly dependent on the chain length of the polymer. Furthermore, AFM and X-ray diffraction measurements affirmed the suitability of the proposed method for chemical modification of cellulose nanofibers without significantly compromising the original morphology and structural integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Yee Khine
- Center for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sylvia Ganda
- Center for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Center for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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30
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Liao J, Liu S, Yuan Y, Zhang H. Steric hindrance effect on the thermo- and photo-responsive properties of pyrene-based polymers. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a novel series of pyrene-based thermo- and photo-dual responsive polymers named poly(pyren-1-yl-o(m,p)-vinylbenzoate) (P(Py-o(m,p)-VB)). And the influence of the steric hindrance effect on LCST-type phase behaviors and photocleavage properties has been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Shenglan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Yongjie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
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31
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Foralosso R, Moir L, Mastrotto F, Sasso L, Tchoryk A, Selo A, Grabowska A, Ashford MB, Aylott J, Gellert PR, Spain SG, Alexander C. Control of aggregation temperatures in mixed and blended cytocompatible thermoresponsive block co-polymer nanoparticles. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:7441-7452. [PMID: 28967661 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00920h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A small library of thermoresponsive amphiphilic copolymers based on polylactide-block-poly((2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate)-co-(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate)) (PLA-b-P(DEGMA)-co-(OEGMA)), was synthesised by copper-mediated controlled radical polymerisation (CRP) with increasing ratios of OEGMA : DEGMA. These polymers were combined in two ways to form nanoparticles with controllable thermal transition temperatures as measured by particle aggregation. The first technique involved the blending of two (PLA-b-P(DEGMA)-co-(OEGMA)) polymers together prior to assembling nanoparticles (NPs). The second method involved mixing pre-formed nanoparticles of single (PLA-b-P(DEGMA)-co-(OEGMA)) polymers. The observed critical aggregation temperature Tt did not change in a linear relationship with the ratios of each copolymer either in the nanoparticles blended from different copolymers or in the mixtures of pre-formed nanoparticles. However, where co-polymer mixtures were based on (OEG)9MA ratios within 5-10 mole%, a linear relationship between (OEG)9MA composition in the blends and Tt was obtained. The data suggest that OEGMA-based copolymers are tunable over a wide temperature range given suitable co-monomer content in the linear polymers or nanoparticles. Moreover, the thermal transitions of the nanoparticles were reversible and repeatable, with the cloud point curves being essentially invariant across at least three heating and cooling cycles, and a selected nanoparticle formulation was found to be readily endocytosed in representative cancer cells and fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruggero Foralosso
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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32
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Bobrin VA, Chen SPR, Jia Z, Monteiro MJ. Temperature-Directed Self-Assembly: from Tadpole to Multi-Arm Polymer Nanostructures Directly in Water. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:1047-1051. [PMID: 35650940 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Driving amphiphilic block copolymers to self-assemble into asymmetric and equilibrium nanostructures remains a challenge. Here, we use the temperature-directed morphology transformation (TDMT) method to tailor the self-assembly of block copolymers into asymmetric nanoparticles with either a single (i.e., tadpole) or multi-arm geometry directly in water and at scale (>10 wt % of polymer). These nanostructures were close to or at their equilibrium morphology and not a transient kinetically trapped structure since they did not change with the addition of high amounts of plasticizer, could be freeze-dried and rehydrated without any structural rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin A. Bobrin
- Australian Institute for
Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sung-Po R. Chen
- Australian Institute for
Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Australian Institute for
Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Michael J. Monteiro
- Australian Institute for
Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Arai
- Department
of Symbiotic Science of Environment and Natural Resources,
The United Graduate School of Agriculture, and ‡Division of Natural Resources and
Eco-materials, Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8
Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shikata
- Department
of Symbiotic Science of Environment and Natural Resources,
The United Graduate School of Agriculture, and ‡Division of Natural Resources and
Eco-materials, Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8
Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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34
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Zhang H, Wu W, Zhao X, Zhao Y. Synthesis and Thermoresponsive Behaviors of Thermo-, pH-, CO2-, and Oxidation-Responsive Linear and Cyclic Graft Copolymers. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongcan Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of
Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local
Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wentao Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of
Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local
Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of
Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local
Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youliang Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of
Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory
of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, State and Local
Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials,
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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35
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Ieong NS, Biggs CI, Walker M, Gibson MI. Comparison of RAFT derived Poly(vinylpyrolidone) verses Poly(oligoethyleneglycol methacrylate) for the Stabilization of Glycosylated Gold Nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE. PART A, POLYMER CHEMISTRY 2017; 55:1200-1208. [PMID: 29225417 PMCID: PMC5718293 DOI: 10.1002/pola.28481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates dictate many biological processes including infection by pathogens. Glycosylated polymers and nanomaterials which have increased affinity due to the cluster glycoside effect, are therefore useful tools to probe function, but also as prophylactic therapies or diagnostic tools. Here, the effect of polymer structure on the coating of gold nanoparticles is studied in the context of grafting density, buffer stability and in a lectin binding assay. RAFT polymerization is used to generate poly(oligoethyleneglycol methacrylates) and poly(N-vinyl pyrolidones) with a thiol end-group for subsequent immobilization onto the gold. It is observed that poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylates), despite being widely used particle coatings, lead to low grafting densities which in turn resulted in lower stability in biological buffers. A depression of the cloud point upon nanoparticle immobilization is also seen, which might compromise performance. In comparison poly(vinyl pyrolidones) resulted in stable particles with higher grafting densities due to the compact size of each monomer unit. The higher grafting density also enabled an increase in the number of carbohydrates which can be installed per nanoparticle at the chain ends, and gave increased binding in a lectin recognition assay. These results will guide the development of new nanoparticle biosensors with enhanced specificity, affinity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga Sze Ieong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Caroline I. Biggs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Mark Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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37
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Sedlacek O, Kucka J, Monnery BD, Slouf M, Vetrik M, Hoogenboom R, Hruby M. The effect of ionizing radiation on biocompatible polymers: From sterilization to radiolysis and hydrogel formation. Polym Degrad Stab 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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Bobrin VA, Jia Z, Monteiro MJ. Conditions for multicompartment polymeric tadpoles via temperature directed self-assembly. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Conditions to form well-defined polymeric tadpole nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin A. Bobrin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane QLD 4072
- Australia
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane QLD 4072
- Australia
| | - Michael J. Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane QLD 4072
- Australia
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39
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Abstract
Recent advances in thermoresponsive poly(2-oxazoline)s, polypeptoids, and polypeptides, with a specific focus on structure–property relationships, self-assembly, and applications, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Helmut Schlaad
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Potsdam
- 14476 Potsdam
- Germany
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40
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Lucht N, Eggers S, Abetz V. Cononsolvency in the ‘drunken’ state: the thermoresponsiveness of a new acrylamide copolymer in water–alcohol mixtures. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01751g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the synthesis and thermoresponsiveness of a random acrylamide copolymer in alcohol–water mixtures and discusses cononsolvency phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Lucht
- University of Hamburg
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Steffen Eggers
- University of Hamburg
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Volker Abetz
- University of Hamburg
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Vu
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Xianghong Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - S. Ranil Wickramasinghe
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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42
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Osváth Z, Iván B. The Dependence of the Cloud Point, Clearing Point, and Hysteresis of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) on Experimental Conditions: The Need for Standardization of Thermoresponsive Transition Determinations. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Osváth
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group; Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Magyar tudósok krt. 2 H-1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Béla Iván
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group; Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry; Research Centre for Natural Sciences; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Magyar tudósok krt. 2 H-1117 Budapest Hungary
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43
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Won S, Phillips DJ, Walker M, Gibson MI. Co-operative transitions of responsive-polymer coated gold nanoparticles; precision tuning and direct evidence for co-operative aggregation. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:5673-5682. [PMID: 27746916 PMCID: PMC5038384 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01336h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Responsive polymers and polymer-coated nanoparticles have many potential bio-applications with the crucial parameter being the exact temperature where the transition occurs. Chemical modification of hydrophobic/hydrophilic or ligand binding sites has been widely explored as a tool for controlling this transition, but requires the synthesis of many different components to achieve precise control. This study reports an extensive investigation into the use of blending (i.e. mixing) as a powerful tool to modulate the transition temperature of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) coated gold nanoparticles. By simply mixing two nanoparticles of different compositions, precise control over the transition temperature can be imposed. This was shown to be flexible to all possible mixing parameters (different polymers on different particles, different polymers on same particles and different sized particles with identical/different polymers). Evidence of the co-operative aggregation of differently sized nanoparticles (with different cloud points) is shown using transmission electron microscopy; particles with higher cloud points aggregate with those with lower cloud points with homo-aggregates not seen, demonstrating the co-operative behaviour. These interactions, and the opportunities for transition tuning will have implications in the rational design of responsive biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangho Won
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Daniel J Phillips
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Marc Walker
- Department of Physics , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK
| | - Matthew I Gibson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK . ; Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK
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44
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Congdon T, Notman R, Gibson MI. Influence of Block Copolymerization on the Antifreeze Protein Mimetic Ice Recrystallization Inhibition Activity of Poly(vinyl alcohol). Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3033-9. [PMID: 27476873 PMCID: PMC5022065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antifreeze (glyco) proteins are produced by many cold-acclimatized species to enable them to survive subzero temperatures. These proteins have multiple macroscopic effects on ice crystal growth which makes them appealing for low-temperature applications-from cellular cryopreservation to food storage. Poly(vinyl alcohol) has remarkable ice recrystallization inhibition activity, but its mode of action is uncertain as is the extent at which it can be incorporated into other high-order structures. Here the synthesis and characterization of well-defined block copolymers containing poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) by RAFT/MADIX polymerization is reported, as new antifreeze protein mimetics. The effect of adding a large second hydrophilic block is studied across a range of compositions, and it is found to be a passive component in ice recrystallization inhibition assays, enabling retention of all activity. In the extreme case, a block copolymer with only 10% poly(vinyl alcohol) was found to retain all activity, where statistical copolymers of PVA lose all activity with very minor changes to composition. These findings present a new method to increase the complexity of antifreeze protein mimetic materials, while retaining activity, and also to help understand the underlying mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas
R. Congdon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Rebecca Notman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, U.K.
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, U.K.
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45
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Whittaker JL, Dutta NK, Zannettino A, Choudhury NR. Engineering DN hydrogels from regenerated silk fibroin and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam). J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:5519-5533. [PMID: 32263350 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01055e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel hydrogels that possess adequate elasticity and toughness to withstand mechanically active environments, along with being biocompatible, remains a significant challenge in the design of materials for tissue engineering applications. In this study, a family of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) based double network (DN) hydrogels were fabricated for the first time using a rapid one-pot method. The DN hydrogels combine the rigid covalently crosslinked RSF with the softer poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) through strong physical interactions. The formation of these DN hydrogels resulted in an improvement of the water uptake capacity, elasticity and toughness compared to the individual RSF hydrogel. The elasticity of the RSF/PVCL DN hydrogels was closer to that of native cartilage, which makes them promising materials for cartilage regeneration applications. An in vitro study on adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of a mouse pre-chondrocyte cell line (ATDC5) conducted using microscopic analysis, a cell proliferation assay and RT-PCR confirmed the cells cultured on the less stiff hydrogels demonstrated the most favourable chondrogenic response. Thus, this study demonstrates the potential of RSF-based hybrid hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin L Whittaker
- Future Industries Institute, Mawson Lakes Campus, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
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46
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Williams R, Pitto-Barry A, Kirby N, Dove AP, O’Reilly RK. Cyclic Graft Copolymer Unimolecular Micelles: Effects of Cyclization on Particle Morphology and Thermoresponsive Behavior. Macromolecules 2016; 49:2802-2813. [PMID: 27175037 PMCID: PMC4861350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of cyclic amphiphilic graft copolymers with a hydrophobic polycarbonate backbone and hydrophilic poly(N-acryloylmorpholine) (PNAM) side arms via a combination of ring-opening polymerization (ROP), cyclization via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is reported. The ability of these cyclic graft copolymers to form unimolecular micelles in water is explored using a combination of light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM) analyses, where particle size was found to increase with increasing PNAM arm length. Further analysis revealed differences in the solution conformations, loading capabilities, and morphologies of the cyclic graft copolymers in comparison to equivalent linear graft copolymer unimolecular micelle analogues. Furthermore, the cyclic and linear graft copolymers were found to exhibit significantly different cloud point temperatures. This study highlights how subtle changes in polymer architecture (linear graft copolymer versus cyclic graft copolymer) can dramatically influence a polymer's nanostructure and its properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca
J. Williams
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Anaïs Pitto-Barry
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Nigel Kirby
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn
Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K.
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47
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Enzenberg A, Laschewsky A, Boeffel C, Wischerhoff E. Influence of the Near Molecular Vicinity on the Temperature Regulated Fluorescence Response of Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam). Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E109. [PMID: 30979200 PMCID: PMC6431908 DOI: 10.3390/polym8040109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new fluorescent dye bearing monomers, including glycomonomers, based on maleamide and maleic esteramide was synthesized. The dye monomers were incorporated by radical copolymerization into thermo-responsive poly(N‑vinyl-caprolactam) that displays a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in aqueous solution. The effects of the local molecular environment on the polymers' luminescence, in particular on the fluorescence intensity and the extent of solvatochromism, were investigated below as well as above the phase transition. By attaching substituents of varying size and polarity in the close vicinity of the fluorophore, and by varying the spacer groups connecting the dyes to the polymer backbone, we explored the underlying structure⁻property relationships, in order to establish rules for successful sensor designs, e.g., for molecular thermometers. Most importantly, spacer groups of sufficient length separating the fluorophore from the polymer backbone proved to be crucial for obtaining pronounced temperature regulated fluorescence responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Enzenberg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany.
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselberg-Str. 69, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany.
| | - Christine Boeffel
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselberg-Str. 69, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany.
| | - Erik Wischerhoff
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselberg-Str. 69, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany.
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48
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Liu C, Wang S, Zhou H, Gao C, Zhang W. Thermoresponsive poly(ionic liquid): Controllable RAFT synthesis, thermoresponse, and application in dispersion RAFT polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chonggao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Chengqiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
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49
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Darvishmanesh S, Qian X, Wickramasinghe SR. Responsive membranes for advanced separations. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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50
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Hrubý M, Filippov SK, Štěpánek P. Smart polymers in drug delivery systems on crossroads: Which way deserves following? Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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