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Abouelela AR, Mussa AA, Talhami M, Das P, Hawari AH. Industrial sludge valorization and decontamination via lipid extraction and heavy metals removal using low-cost protic ionic liquid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155451. [PMID: 35469861 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sludge is a heterogenous organic-rich matter that comprise of highly valuable biopolymers along with various contaminants including heavy metals. Sludge valorization as a renewable resource and inexpensive feedstock is key for sludge realization in circular economy context. This study presents the use of low-cost protic ionic liquid (PIL) as an integrated process medium to decontaminate heavy metal contaminated industrial sludge while selectively extract the lipid content. The treatment process focused on the use of 1-methylimidazole chloride for its higher heavy metal extraction performance compared to other screened ionic liquids (ILs). The treatment was also able to selectively extract lipids from industrial sludge, leaving a protein/carbohydrate rich solid product. Process temperature was shown to have a key impact on the biopolymers' fractionation. Operating at temperatures above 120 °C resulted in higher recovery of proteins in the lipid-rich fraction, compromising the quality of the lipid stream. Variation of the PIL acid/base (a/b) ratio also had a significant impact on the deconstruction of the sludge biopolymers, with a/b ratio of 1 resulting in highest recovery of all biopolymers. Optimal water concentration as co-solvent was found at 30 wt%, with lipid recovery reaching 60% and heavy metals extraction ranging between 29 and 89%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Rafat Abouelela
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Afnan A Mussa
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Talhami
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Probir Das
- Algal Technologies Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - Alaa H Hawari
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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2
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Wang Q, Oshita K, Nitta T, Takaoka M. Evaluation of a sludge-treatment process comprising lipid extraction and drying using liquefied dimethyl ether. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3369-3378. [PMID: 32065048 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1730982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) was used to extract lipids from sewage sludge. Factorial experimental analyses were used to evaluate the influence of different variables on raw lipid extraction and sludge drying. The DME method was compared with the Bligh and Dyer (B&D) method for three undigested and two anaerobically digested dewatered sludges. The results indicate that although the raw lipid yield of the B&D method was 5% higher than that of the DME method, the proportion of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in raw lipids extracted by the DME method was 14.1-33.4%, almost twice that of the B&D method. The FAME composition varied according to sludge type, and the dewatered undigested sludges contained more unsaturated fatty acids (e.g. C18:1, C18:2). The lower heating value (LHV) of product by the DME method ranged from 3.74 to 5.70 MJ/kg compared with 1.21-0.39 MJ/kg for the B&D method. Also, DME could be reused at least five times without significantly reducing the lipid yield and drying efficiency. Finally, an economic analysis of the DME, the conventional solvent extraction, and the heat-drying methods was conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Oshita
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nitta
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Takaoka
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Argiz L, González-Cabaleiro R, Val Del Río Á, González-López J, Mosquera-Corral A. A novel strategy for triacylglycerides and polyhydroxyalkanoates production using waste lipids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:142944. [PMID: 33148431 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are one of the main components of the organic matter present in the effluents of the food-processing industry. These waste streams can be biotransformed into valuable triacylglycerides (TAGs) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), precursors of biofuels and biomaterials alternative to petroleum-based products. These compounds are yielded by mixed microbial cultures, and considering that both TAG and PHA accumulators may coexist within the community, it seems crucial to define those operational strategies that might control the selection of the dominant metabolic pathways (TAG or PHA accumulation). In this work, residual fish-canning oil was used as a carbon source in a two-stage process (culture selection and intracellular compounds accumulation) in which the substrate was simultaneously hydrolyzed in these two stages without the need for a previous fermentation unit. It was pretended to maximize preferential TAG or PHA storage in the accumulation reactor by the imposition of certain selective pressures in the enrichment one. Uncoupling C and N feedings and limiting nitrogen availability in the medium, allowed to maximize PHA production (82.3 wt% of PHAs, 0.80 CmmolPHA/CmmolS). Besides, when low pH in the famine phase was considered as additional selective pressure, it was possible to shift the ratio TAG:PHA from 4:96 obtaining 43.0 wt% of TAGs (0.67 CmmolTAG/CmmolS). Therefore, this novel and simplified process demonstrated versatility and efficiency in the storage of TAGs and PHAs from a unique residual feedstock and using an open culture proving that product selection can be harnessed if choosing the right operational conditions in the enrichment stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Argiz
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Rebeca González-Cabaleiro
- Department of Infrastructure and Environment, University of Glasgow, Rankine Building, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
| | - Ángeles Val Del Río
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Jesús González-López
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Water Research, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Anuska Mosquera-Corral
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
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4
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Stimulation of Lipid Extraction Efficiency from Sewage Sludge for Biodiesel Production through Hydrothermal Pretreatment. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13236392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two types of sewage sludge (primary sludge and waste activated sludge) were hydrothermally treated at 125–250 °C to enhance the lipid extraction efficiency and obtain a higher biodiesel yield. The enhanced efficiency of the lipid extraction method was compared with the efficiency of the organic solvent extraction method. The results confirmed that a hydrothermal reaction could be an appropriate option for disrupting sludge cell walls and increasing the lipid extraction from sewage sludge. The highest lipid recovery efficiency was observed at 200 °C, and the lipid recovery efficiency of primary sludge and waste activated sludge increased from 7.56% and 5.35% to 14.01% and 11.55% by weight, respectively. Furthermore, transesterified lipids, such as biodiesel from sewage sludge, mostly consist of C16 and C18 methyl esters, and have features similar to those of jatropha oil-based biodiesel. During the hydrothermal treatment, the carbon content in the sludge decreased as the carbon transformed into lipids and the lipids were extracted. The volatile matter and fixed carbon content in the solid residue decreased and increased, respectively, through chemical dehydration and decarboxylation reactions under hydrothermal reaction conditions.
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Zappi ME, Bajpai R, Hernandez R, Mikolajczyk A, Lord Fortela D, Sharp W, Chirdon W, Zappi K, Gang D, Nigam KDP, Revellame ED. Microalgae Culturing To Produce Biobased Diesel Fuels: An Overview of the Basics, Challenges, and a Look toward a True Biorefinery Future. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Krishna D. P. Nigam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, I.I.T. Delhi, Hauz-khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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7
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Edeh I, Overton T, Bowra S. Evaluation of the efficacy of subcritical water to enhance the lipid fraction from activated sludge for biodiesel and oleochemicals production. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Overton
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham Birmingham UK
| | - Steve Bowra
- Research and Experimental Developments on BiotechnologyPhytatec (Ltd) Aberystwyth Ceredigion UK
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8
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Howlader MS, DuBien J, Hassan EB, Rai N, French WT. Optimization of microbial cell disruption using pressurized CO 2 for improving lipid recovery from wet biomass. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:763-776. [PMID: 30710227 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Microbial cell disruption using pressurized gases (e.g., CO2) is a promising approach to improve the lipid recovery from wet oleaginous microorganisms by eliminating the energy-intensive drying required for conventional methods. In this study, we perform cell disruption of Rhodotorula glutinis using pressurized CH4, N2, and Ar where we find the efficacy of these gases on cell viability is minimal. Since CO2 is found to be the only viable gas for microbial cell disruption among these four gases, we use a combination of Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM) to find the optimal cell disruption by tuning different parameters such as pressure (P), temperature (T), exposure time (t), and agitation (a). From RSM, we find 6 log reduction of viable cells at optimized conditions, which corresponds to more than 99% cell death at P = 4000 kPa, T = 296.5 K, t = 360 min, and a = 325 rpm. Furthermore, from the scanning electron microscope (SEM), we find a complete morphological change in the cell structure when treated with pressurized CO2 compared to the untreated cells. Finally, we find that up to 85% of total lipid can be recovered using optimized pressurized CO2 from wet biomass compared to the untreated wet cells where up to 73% lipid can be recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shamim Howlader
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Janice DuBien
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - El Barbary Hassan
- Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Neeraj Rai
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.,Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - William Todd French
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
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9
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Castro AR, Silva PTS, Castro PJG, Alves E, Domingues MRM, Pereira MA. Tuning culturing conditions towards the production of neutral lipids from lubricant-based wastewater in open mixed bacterial communities. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 144:532-542. [PMID: 30081335 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Production of bacterial lipid-based biofuels using inexpensive substrates, as wastes, is an emerging approach. In this work, a selective process using carbon feast-famine cycles was applied to obtain an indigenous microbial community of hydrocarbon-degrading and lipid-accumulating bacteria, using a real lubricant-based wastewater as carbon source. In the conditions applied, the enriched bacterial community, dominated by members of the genus Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter, was able to degrade almost all hydrocarbons present in the wastewater within 24 h' incubation and to accumulate, although in low levels, triacylglycerol (TAG) (<5% of cell dry weight (CDW)) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) (3.8% ± 1.1% of the CDW) as well as an unknown lipid (29% ± 6% of CDW), presumably a wax ester-like compound. The influence of culture conditions, namely carbon and nitrogen concentrations (and C/N ratio) and cultivation time, on the amount and profile of produced storage compounds was further assessed using a statistical approach based on a central composite circumscribed design and surface response methodology. The regression analysis of the experimental design revealed that only nitrogen concentration and C/N ratio are significant for neutral lipid biosynthesis (p < 0.05). Maximum neutral lipid content, i.e. 33% (CDW basis), was achieved for the lowest carbon and nitrogen concentrations evaluated (10 g COD L-1 and 0.02 g N L-1). PHA accounted for less than 5% of CDW. In these conditions, neutral lipid content was mainly composed by TAG, about 70% (w/w). TAG precursors, namely monoacylglycerols (MAG), diacylglycerols (DAG) and fatty acids (FA), accounted for 22% of total neutral lipids and WE for about 7%. Nevertheless, according to the applied response surface model, further improvement of neutral lipids content is still possible if even lower nitrogen concentrations are used. The fatty acids detected in TAG extracts ranged from myristic acid (C14:0) to linoleic acid (C18:2), being the most abundant palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0) and oleic acid (C18:1). This study shows the feasibility of combining treatment of hydrocarbon contaminated wastewater, herein demonstrated for lubricant-based wastewater, with the production of bacterial neutral lipids using open mixed bacterial communities. This approach can decrease the costs associated to both processes and contribute to a more sustainable waste management and production of lipid-based biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Castro
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-57 Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro T S Silva
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-57 Braga, Portugal
| | - Paulo J G Castro
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-57 Braga, Portugal
| | - Eliana Alves
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Rosário M Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Alcina Pereira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-57 Braga, Portugal.
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10
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Zhu F, Wu X, Zhao L, Liu X, Qi J, Wang X, Wang J. Lipid profiling in sewage sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 116:149-158. [PMID: 28334656 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High value-added reutilization of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is essential in sustainable development in WWTPs. However, despite the advantage of high value reutilization, this process must be based on a detailed study of organics in sludge. We used the methods employed in life sciences to determine the profile of lipids (cellular lipids, free fatty acids (FFAs), and wax/gum) in five sludge samples obtained from three typical WWTPs in Beijing; these samples include one sludge sample from a primary sedimentation tank, two activated sludge samples from two Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic (A2/O) tanks, and two activated sludge samples from two membrane bioreactor tanks. The percentage of total raw lipids varied from 2.90% to 12.3%. Sludge from the primary sedimentation tank showed the highest concentrations of lipid, FFA, and wax/gum and the second highest concentration of cellular lipids. All activated sludge contained an abundance of cellular lipids (>54%). Cells in sludge can from plants, animals, microbes and so on in wastewater. Approximately 14 species of cellular lipids were identified, including considerable high value-potential ceramide (9567-38774 mg/kg), coenzyme (937-3897 mg/kg), and some phosphatidylcholine (75-548 mg/kg). The presence of those lipid constituents would thus require a wider range of recovery methods for sludge. Both cellular lipids and FFAs contain an abundance of C16-C18 lipids at high saturation level, and they serve as good resources for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Zhu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China.
| | - Xuemin Wu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
| | - Luyao Zhao
- Shougang Institute of Technology, 100043 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Juanjuan Qi
- Development and Reform Commission of Bomi County in Linzhi Area, 860300, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Research Center, Beijing Drainage Group, 100124 Beijing, China
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11
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Da Silva PDMP, Lima F, Alves MM, Bijmans MFM, Pereira MA. Valorization of lubricant-based wastewater for bacterial neutral lipids production: Growth-linked biosynthesis. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 101:17-24. [PMID: 27244293 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Lipids produced by microorganisms are currently of great interest as raw material for either biofuels or oleochemicals production. Significant biosynthesis of neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerol (TAG) and wax esters (WE) are thought to be limited to a few strains. Hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB), key players in bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated ecosystems, are among this group of strains. Hydrocarbon rich wastewaters have been overlooked concerning their potential as raw material for microbial lipids production. In this study, lubricant-based wastewater was fed, as sole carbon source, to two HCB representative wild strains: Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2, and Rhodococcus opacus PD630. Neutral lipid production was observed with both strains cultivated under uncontrolled conditions of pH and dissolved oxygen. A. borkumensis SK2 was further investigated in a pH- and OD-controlled fermenter. Different phases were assessed separately in terms of lipids production and alkanes removal. The maximum TAG production rate occurred during stationary phase (4 mg-TAG/L h). The maximum production rate of WE-like compounds was 15 mg/L h, and was observed during exponential growth phase. Hydrocarbons removal was 97% of the gas chromatography (GC) resolved straight-chain alkanes. The maximum removal rate was observed during exponential growth phase (6 mg-alkanes/L h). This investigation proposes a novel approach for the management of lubricant waste oil, aiming at its conversion into valuable lipids. The feasibility of the concept is demonstrated under low salt (0.3%) and saline (3.3%) conditions, and presents clues for its technological development, since growth associated oil production opens the possibility for establishing continuous fermentation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro D M P Da Silva
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, PO Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-57 Braga, Portugal
| | - Filipa Lima
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, PO Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-57 Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Madalena Alves
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-57 Braga, Portugal
| | - Martijn F M Bijmans
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, PO Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Alcina Pereira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-57 Braga, Portugal.
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12
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Effects of the ratio of carbon to nitrogen concentration on lipid production by bacterial consortium of sewage sludge using food wastewater as a carbon source. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-016-0058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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Modin O, Persson F, Wilén BM, Hermansson M. Nonoxidative removal of organics in the activated sludge process. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016; 46:635-672. [PMID: 27453679 PMCID: PMC4940897 DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2016.1149903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The activated sludge process is commonly used to treat wastewater by aerobic oxidation of organic pollutants into carbon dioxide and water. However, several nonoxidative mechanisms can also contribute to removal of organics. Sorption onto activated sludge can remove a large fraction of the colloidal and particulate wastewater organics. Intracellular storage of, e.g., polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), triacylglycerides (TAG), or wax esters can convert wastewater organics into precursors for high-value products. Recently, several environmental, economic, and technological drivers have stimulated research on nonoxidative removal of organics for wastewater treatment. In this paper, we review these nonoxidative removal mechanisms as well as the existing and emerging process configurations that make use of them for wastewater treatment. Better utilization of nonoxidative processes in activated sludge could reduce the wasteful aerobic oxidation of organic compounds and lead to more resource-efficient wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Modin
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frank Persson
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britt-Marie Wilén
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malte Hermansson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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14
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Huang XF, Shen Y, Wang YH, Liu JN, Peng KM, Lu LJ, Liu J. Enhanced biodiesel production from glucose-fed activated sludge microbial cultures by addition of nZVI and FeCl 3. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17659c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Addition of iron simultaneously promoted biodiesel production and biotechnical feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Feng Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality
- Tongji University
| | - Yi Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality
- Tongji University
| | - Yi-Han Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality
- Tongji University
| | - Jia-Nan Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality
- Tongji University
| | - Kai-Ming Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality
- Tongji University
| | - Li-Jun Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality
- Tongji University
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality
- Tongji University
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15
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Tang Y, Zhang Y, Rosenberg JN, Sharif N, Betenbaugh MJ, Wang F. Efficient lipid extraction and quantification of fatty acids from algal biomass using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23519g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accelerated solvent extraction optimized for extraction of algal lipids and recovery of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals
- Nanjing 210037
- China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Julian N. Rosenberg
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Nadia Sharif
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Michael J. Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals
- Nanjing 210037
- China
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16
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Cea M, Sangaletti-Gerhard N, Acuña P, Fuentes I, Jorquera M, Godoy K, Osses F, Navia R. Screening transesterifiable lipid accumulating bacteria from sewage sludge for biodiesel production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:116-123. [PMID: 28352580 PMCID: PMC4980706 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sewage sludge was evaluated as high available and low cost microbial oils feedstock for biodiesel production. Samples from four different wastewater treatment plants from La Araucanía Region in Southern Chile presented total lipids content ranging between 7.7 and 12.6%, being Vilcún sewage sludge that with the highest transesterifiable lipids content of about 50% of the total extracted lipids. The most relevant identified bacteria present in sludge samples were Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Bacillus, being Bacillus sp. V10 the strain with the highest transesterfiable lipids content of 7.4%. Bacillus sp. V10 was cultured using urban wastewater supplemented with glucose to achieve nitrogen depleted medium and using milk processing wastewater as a low-cost carbon source. Bacillus sp. V10 lipid profile indicates that low degree unsaturated long chain fatty acids such as C18:1 may account for approximately 50% of the lipids content, indicating its suitability to be used as raw material for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Cea
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Naiane Sangaletti-Gerhard
- Laboratory of Oils and Fats, Department of Agro-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, College of Agriculture “Luiz de Queiroz” (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Acuña
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Idi Fuentes
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Milko Jorquera
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Natural Resources, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Karina Godoy
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Francisco Osses
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Navia
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
- Centre for Biotechnology & Bioengineering (CeBiB), University of La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
- Corresponding author at: University of La Frontera, Department of Chemical Engineering, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile. Fax: +56 45 2732402.
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Lipid accumulation by Rhodococcus rhodochrous grown on glucose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 42:693-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1564-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel made from costly vegetable oil feedstocks. Some microorganisms can accumulate lipids when nutrients are limited and carbon is in excess. Rhodococcus rhodochrous is a gram-positive bacterium most often used in bioremediation or acrylamide production. The purpose of this study was to investigate and characterize the lipid accumulation capabilities of R. rhodochrous. Shake flasks and a large-scale fermentation were used to cultivate R. rhodochrous in varying concentrations of glucose. R. rhodochrous achieved almost 50 % of dry cell mass as lipid when grown in 20 g/L of glucose. Wax esters and triglycerides were identified in R. rhodochrous lipid extract. The transesterified extractables of R. rhodochrous consisted of mostly palmitic (35 %) and oleic (42 %) acid methyl esters. This study shows R. rhodochrous to be an oleaginous bacterium with potential for application in alternative fuels.
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18
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Liu Y, Chen J, Chen M, Zhang B, Wu D, Cheng Q. Adsorption characteristics and mechanism of sewage sludge-derived adsorbent for removing sulfonated methyl phenol resin in wastewater. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17125c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfonated methyl phenol resin (SMP) is one of the most popular organic additives in drilling fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest Petroleum University
- Chengdu 610500
- China
| | - Ju Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest Petroleum University
- Chengdu 610500
- China
| | - Mingyan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest Petroleum University
- Chengdu 610500
- China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest Petroleum University
- Chengdu 610500
- China
| | - Danni Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest Petroleum University
- Chengdu 610500
- China
| | - Qixuan Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest Petroleum University
- Chengdu 610500
- China
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Amirsadeghi M, Shields-Menard S, French WT, Hernandez R. Lipid Production by <i>Rhodotorula glutinis</i> from Pulp and Paper Wastewater for Biodiesel Production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/jsbs.2015.53011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Revellame ED, Hernandez R, French WT, Holmes WE, Forks A, Callahan R. Lipid-enhancement of activated sludges obtained from conventional activated sludge and oxidation ditch processes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 148:487-493. [PMID: 24077159 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-enhancement of activated sludges was conducted to increase the amount of saponifiable lipids in the sludges. The sludges were obtained from a conventional activated sludge (CAS) and an oxidation ditch process (ODP). Results showed 59-222% and 150-250% increase in saponifiable lipid content of the sludges from CAS and ODP, respectively. The fatty acid methyl ester (FAMEs) obtained from triacylglycerides was 57-67% (of total FAMEs) for enhanced CAS and 55-73% for enhanced ODP, a very significant improvement from 6% to 10% (CAS) and 4% to 8% (ODP). Regardless of the source, the enhancement resulted in sludges with similar fatty acid profile indicating homogenization of the lipids in the sludges. This study provides a potential strategy to utilize existing wastewater treatment facilities as source of significant amount of lipids for biofuel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel D Revellame
- Renewable Fuels and Chemicals Laboratory, Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mail Stop 9595, Mississippi State University, MS 39762, USA
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Pastore C, Lopez A, Lotito V, Mascolo G. Biodiesel from dewatered wastewater sludge: a two-step process for a more advantageous production. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:667-673. [PMID: 23642459 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Alternative approaches for obtaining biodiesel from municipal sludge have been successfully investigated. In order to avoid the expensive conventional preliminary step of sludge drying, dewatered sludge (TSS: 15wt%) was used as starting material. The best performance in terms of yield of fatty acid methyl esters (18wt%) with the lowest energy demand (17MJkgFAME(-1)) was obtained by a new two-step approach based on hexane extraction carried out directly on dewatered acidified (H2SO4) sludge followed by methanolysis of extracted lipids. It was found that sulphuric acid plays a key role in the whole process not only for the transesterification of glycerides but also for the production of new free fatty acids from soaps and their esterification with methanol. In addition to biodiesel production, the investigated process allows valorization of primary sludge as it turns it into a valuable source of chemicals, namely sterols (2.5wt%), aliphatic alcohols (0.8wt%) and waxes (2.3wt%).
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Shuit SH, Yee KF, Lee KT, Subhash B, Tan SH. Evolution towards the utilisation of functionalised carbon nanotubes as a new generation catalyst support in biodiesel production: an overview. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra22945a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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23
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Parametric Study on the Production of Renewable Fuels and Chemicals from Phospholipid-Containing Biomass. Top Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-012-9787-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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