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Palanivel M, Nataraj D, Thrupthika T, Ramya S, Premkumar S, Thangadurai TD. Nonclassical Pathways: Accelerated Crystal Growth of Sodium Hexafluorosilicate Microrods via Nanoparticle-Assisted Processes with 0D Silicon Quantum Dots. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24060-24070. [PMID: 38854570 PMCID: PMC11154940 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Nonclassical crystallization represents an innovative pathway that utilizes nanoparticles, enabling the generation of single crystals, going beyond a classical mechanism dependent on atoms, ions, or molecules. Our investigation has revealed hierarchical structures emerging via the aggregation and fusion of primary silicon quantum dots (SiQDs). In contrast to the classical ion-by-ion crystallization process, the primary SiQDs initially undergo aggregation, followed by fusion and their subsequent crystallization, leading to the ultrafast crystal growth of sodium hexafluorosilicate (SHFS) microrods with diverse morphologies. A comprehensive fluorescence microscopy study is performed to examine the mechanism of microrod formation through the primary aggregation and fusion of SiQDs at room temperature in the presence of hydrogen fluoride (HF). The different concentrations of HF play a crucial role in the formation of flower-, block-, and hexagonal-shaped SHFS microrods. However, the presence of a high-concentration HF causes a reduction in microrod size, elucidated through a range of analytical and spectroscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheswari Palanivel
- Quantum
Materials & Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Devaraj Nataraj
- Quantum
Materials & Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
- UGC−CPEPA
Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics for the Development of Solar
Energy Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Thankappan Thrupthika
- Quantum
Materials & Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Subramaniam Ramya
- Quantum
Materials & Devices Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Sellan Premkumar
- Joint
International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization,
School of Electronics Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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2
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Liu J, Du C, Chen H, Huang W, Lei Y. Nano-Micron Combined Hydrogel Microspheres: Novel Answer for Minimal Invasive Biomedical Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300670. [PMID: 38400695 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels, key in biomedical research for their hydrophilicity and versatility, have evolved with hydrogel microspheres (HMs) of micron-scale dimensions, enhancing their role in minimally invasive therapeutic delivery, tissue repair, and regeneration. The recent emergence of nanomaterials has ushered in a revolutionary transformation in the biomedical field, which demonstrates tremendous potential in targeted therapies, biological imaging, and disease diagnostics. Consequently, the integration of advanced nanotechnology promises to trigger a new revolution in the realm of hydrogels. HMs loaded with nanomaterials combine the advantages of both hydrogels and nanomaterials, which enables multifaceted functionalities such as efficient drug delivery, sustained release, targeted therapy, biological lubrication, biochemical detection, medical imaging, biosensing monitoring, and micro-robotics. Here, this review comprehensively expounds upon commonly used nanomaterials and their classifications. Then, it provides comprehensive insights into the raw materials and preparation methods of HMs. Besides, the common strategies employed to achieve nano-micron combinations are summarized, and the latest applications of these advanced nano-micron combined HMs in the biomedical field are elucidated. Finally, valuable insights into the future design and development of nano-micron combined HMs are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chengcheng Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yiting Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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3
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Zou Y, Shi Y, Wang T, Ji S, Zhang X, Shen T, Huang X, Xiao J, Farag MA, Shi J, Zou X. Quantum dots as advanced nanomaterials for food quality and safety applications: A comprehensive review and future perspectives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13339. [PMID: 38578165 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The importance of food quality and safety lies in ensuring the best product quality to meet consumer demands and public health. Advanced technologies play a crucial role in minimizing the risk of foodborne illnesses, contamination, drug residue, and other potential hazards in food. Significant materials and technological advancements have been made throughout the food supply chain. Among them, quantum dots (QDs), as a class of advanced nanomaterials with unique physicochemical properties, are progressively demonstrating their value in the field of food quality and safety. This review aims to explore cutting-edge research on the different applications of QDs in food quality and safety, including encapsulation of bioactive compounds, detection of food analytes, food preservation and packaging, and intelligent food freshness indicators. Moreover, the modification strategies and potential toxicities of diverse QDs are outlined, which can affect performance and hinder applications in the food industry. The findings suggested that QDs are mainly used in analyte detection and active/intelligent food packaging. Various food analytes can be detected using QD-based sensors, including heavy metal ions, pesticides, antibiotics, microorganisms, additives, and functional components. Moreover, QD incorporation aided in improving the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of film/coatings, resulting in extended shelf life for packaged food. Finally, the perspectives and critical challenges for the productivity, toxicity, and practical application of QDs are also summarized. By consolidating these essential aspects into this review, the way for developing high-performance QD-based nanomaterials is presented for researchers and food technologists to better capitalize upon this technology in food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu University), Jiangsu Education Department, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongqiang Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu University), Jiangsu Education Department, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tianxing Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu University), Jiangsu Education Department, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shengyang Ji
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinai Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu University), Jiangsu Education Department, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tingting Shen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu University), Jiangsu Education Department, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu University), Jiangsu Education Department, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo P.B., Egypt
| | - Jiyong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu University), Jiangsu Education Department, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu University), Jiangsu Education Department, Zhenjiang, China
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Cristian RE, Balta C, Herman H, Trica B, Sbarcea BG, Hermenean A, Dinischiotu A, Stan MS. In Vivo Assessment of Hepatic and Kidney Toxicity Induced by Silicon Quantum Dots in Mice. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:457. [PMID: 38470787 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
In the last decade, silicon-based quantum dots (SiQDs) have attracted the attention of researchers due to their unique properties for which they are used in medical applications and in vivo imaging. Detection of cytotoxic effects in vivo is essential for understanding the mechanisms of toxicity, a mandatory step before their administration to human subjects. In this context, we aimed to evaluate the in vivo hepatic and renal acute toxicity of SiQDs obtained by laser ablation. The nanoparticles were administrated at different doses (0, 1, 10, and 100 mg of QDs/kg of body weight) by intravenous injection into the caudal vein of Swiss mice. After 1, 6, 24, and 72 h, the animals were euthanatized, and liver and kidney tissues were used in further toxicity tests. The time- and dose-dependent effects of SiQDs on the antioxidant defense system of mice liver and kidney were investigated by quantifying the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase) in correlation with the morphological changes and inflammatory status in the liver and kidneys. The results showed a decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and histopathological changes, except for superoxide dismutase, in which no significant changes were registered compared with the control. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical expression of TNF-α was significant at doses over 10 mg of QDs/kg of body weight and were still evident at 72 h after administration. Our results showed that doses under 10 mg of SiQDs/kg of b.w. did not induce hepatic and renal toxicity, providing useful information for further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Elena Cristian
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- DANUBIUS Department, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Splaiul Independentei 296, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cornel Balta
- "Aurel Ardelean" Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Hildegard Herman
- "Aurel Ardelean" Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Bogdan Trica
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry (INCDCP-ICECHIM), 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Beatrice G Sbarcea
- Materials Characterization Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Electrical Engineering (ICPE-CA), 313 Splaiul Unirii, 030138 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Hermenean
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- "Aurel Ardelean" Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miruna S Stan
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
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5
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Chen L, Zhang S, Duan Y, Song X, Chang M, Feng W, Chen Y. Silicon-containing nanomedicine and biomaterials: materials chemistry, multi-dimensional design, and biomedical application. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1167-1315. [PMID: 38168612 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01022k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The invention of silica-based bioactive glass in the late 1960s has sparked significant interest in exploring a wide range of silicon-containing biomaterials from the macroscale to the nanoscale. Over the past few decades, these biomaterials have been extensively explored for their potential in diverse biomedical applications, considering their remarkable bioactivity, excellent biocompatibility, facile surface functionalization, controllable synthesis, etc. However, to expedite the clinical translation and the unexpected utilization of silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials, it is highly desirable to achieve a thorough comprehension of their characteristics and biological effects from an overall perspective. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion on the state-of-the-art progress of silicon-composed biomaterials, including their classification, characteristics, fabrication methods, and versatile biomedical applications. Additionally, we highlight the multi-dimensional design of both pure and hybrid silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials and their intrinsic biological effects and interactions with biological systems. Their extensive biomedical applications span from drug delivery and bioimaging to therapeutic interventions and regenerative medicine, showcasing the significance of their rational design and fabrication to meet specific requirements and optimize their theranostic performance. Additionally, we offer insights into the future prospects and potential challenges regarding silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials. By shedding light on these exciting research advances, we aspire to foster further progress in the biomedical field and drive the development of innovative silicon-composed nanomedicine and biomaterials with transformative applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiu Duan
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P. R. China.
| | - Xinran Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Meiqi Chang
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Feng
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
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6
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Luo Y, Yang X, Yue L, Ren DS, Chen JR. Effect of phosphorus doping on the luminescence intensity of Si-NC in SiO/Si multilayers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:24566-24572. [PMID: 37475280 DOI: 10.1364/oe.494438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The application of silicon nanocrystals (Si-NC) is somewhat limited due to their low luminescence intensity. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate methods for enhancing the luminescence intensity of Si-NC. In this study, phosphorus (P)-doped Si-NC with two different doping methods were prepared by electron beam thermal evaporation: in-situ doping (during synthesis) and ex-situ doping (after synthesis). The photoluminescence (PL) intensity and crystallinity of Si-NC can be enhanced through phosphorus doping. Moreover, a comparison between two different methods of Si-NC doping reveals that the luminescence intensity of in-situ P-doped Si-NC is superior to that of ex-situ P-doped Si-NC, which is increased by an order of magnitude compared to the PL intensity of undoped Si-NC.
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7
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Tsai HY, Robidillo CJT, Matharu GK, O'Connor K, Cheong IT, Ni C, Veinot JGC, Algar WR. Spectrotemporal characterization of photoluminescent silicon nanocrystals and their energy transfer to dyes. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37449921 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02461j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) are a promising material for applications in bioanalysis and imaging. Compared to other types of semiconductor nanocrystals, the development and characterization of energy transfer (ET) configurations with SiNCs has been far more limited, resulting in an equally limited understanding of this process and its SiNC-specific nuances. Here, we present a systematic and detailed study of ET between SiNCs and dyes. A combination of spectroelectrophoresis and time-gated and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements were used to characterize the photophysical properties of ensembles of SiNCs and gain insight into how these properties varied as a function of nanocrystal size. ET between SiNC donors and a series of non-fluorescent Black Hole Quencher (BHQ) dyes and fluorescent sulfo-Cyanine 5.5 dye acceptors was evaluated in terms of spectral properties, wavelength-resolved efficiencies, trends with spectral overlap integral, and differences between two methods of BHQ association with the SiNCs. The overall results were consistent with a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism where the polydispersity of the SiNCs had a significant impact on the observed ET: the choice of wavelength and timing parameters were important, and ensemble measurements represented an average of heterogeneous ET behaviors. Prospective advantages and disadvantages of SiNCs as ET donors are discussed. This study serves as a foundation for the continued and optimized development of ET configurations with SiNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1.
| | - Christopher Jay T Robidillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, University of the Philippines Manila, P. Faura Street, Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Gunwant K Matharu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Kevin O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - I Teng Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Chuyi Ni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Jonathan G C Veinot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1.
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Nagarajan U, Chandra S, Yamazaki T, Shirahata N, Winnik FM. Analysis of Silicon Quantum Dots and Serum Proteins Interactions Using Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37225422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) have gained significant attention in biomedical research as versatile probes for imaging, sensing, and therapies. However, the interactions between proteins and QDs, which are crucial for their use in biological applications, are not yet fully understood. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) is a promising method for analyzing the interactions of proteins with QDs. This technique uses a combination of hydrodynamic and centrifugal forces to separate and fractionate particles based on their size and shape. By coupling AF4 with other techniques, such as fluorescence spectroscopy and multi-angle light scattering, it is possible to determine the binding affinity and stoichiometry of protein-QD interactions. Herein, this approach has been utilized to determine the interaction between fetal bovine serum (FBS) and silicon quantum dots (SiQDs). Unlike metal-containing conventional QDs, SiQDs are highly biocompatible and photostable in nature, making them attractive for a wide range of biomedical applications. In this study, AF4 has provided crucial information on the size and shape of the FBS/SiQD complexes, their elution profile, and their interaction with serum components in real time. The differential scanning microcalorimetric technique has also been employed to monitor the thermodynamic behavior of proteins in the presence of SiQDs. We have investigated their binding mechanisms by incubating them at temperatures below and above the protein denaturation. This study yields various significant characteristics such as their hydrodynamic radius, size distribution, and conformational behavior. The compositions of SiQD and FBS influence the size distribution of their bioconjugates; the size increases by intensifying the concentration of FBS, with their hydrodynamic radii ranging between 150 and 300 nm. The results signify that in the alliance of SiQDs to the system, there is an augmentation of the denaturation point of the proteins and hence their thermal stability, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the interactions between FBS and QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usharani Nagarajan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sourov Chandra
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Espoo, Aalto, Finland
| | - Tomohiko Yamazaki
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoto Shirahata
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Françoise M Winnik
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Li S, Wei J, Yao Q, Song X, Xie J, Yang H. Emerging ultrasmall luminescent nanoprobes for in vivo bioimaging. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1672-1696. [PMID: 36779305 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00497f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescence (PL) imaging has become a fundamental tool in disease diagnosis, therapeutic evaluation, and surgical navigation applications. However, it remains a big challenge to engineer nanoprobes for high-efficiency in vivo imaging and clinical translation. Recent years have witnessed increasing research efforts devoted into engineering sub-10 nm ultrasmall nanoprobes for in vivo PL imaging, which offer the advantages of efficient body clearance, desired clinical translation potential, and high imaging signal-to-noise ratio. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary and contrastive discussion of emerging ultrasmall luminescent nanoprobes towards in vivo PL bioimaging of diseases. We first summarize size-dependent nano-bio interactions and imaging features, illustrating the unique attributes and advantages/disadvantages of ultrasmall nanoprobes differentiating them from molecular and large-sized probes. We also discuss general design methodologies and PL properties of emerging ultrasmall luminescent nanoprobes, which are established based on quantum dots, metal nanoclusters, lanthanide-doped nanoparticles, and silicon nanoparticles. Then, recent advances of ultrasmall luminescent nanoprobes are highlighted by surveying their latest in vivo PL imaging applications. Finally, we discuss existing challenges in this exciting field and propose some strategies to improve in vivo PL bioimaging and further propel their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Li
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, 1# Xueyuan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian 362801, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Jing Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Qiaofeng Yao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore. .,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, Fujian 350207, China
| | - Xiaorong Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China. .,Fujian Science &Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore. .,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, Fujian 350207, China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, 1# Xueyuan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian 362801, China.,MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China. .,Fujian Science &Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
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10
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Wei N, Liang ZY, Fang WL, Guo XF, Wang H, Zhang HX. Facile synthesis of non-modified yellow emission silicon quantum dots and their visualization of hydrogen sulfide in living cells and onion tissues. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 642:145-153. [PMID: 37001453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Yellow fluorescent silicon quantum dots (y-SiQDs) with 22.2% fluorescence quantum yield were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method using 3-glycidoxypropyl triethoxysilane (GOTS) and m-aminophenol. The excitation wavelength is 550 nm with an emission wavelength of 574 nm, which effectively avoids the interference of biological autofluorescence. Notably, the synthesis approach does not require any post-modification and the y-SiQDs can be directly used for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) quantification due to static quenching. It exhibits high sensitivity and excellent selectivity for H2S with a 0.2-10 μM (R2 = 0.9953) linear range and detection limit of 54 nM. y-SiQDs have excellent stability and biocompatibility and can be used for H2S imaging in living cells and onion tissues.
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11
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Zhang Y, Cai N, Chan V. Recent Advances in Silicon Quantum Dot-Based Fluorescent Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:311. [PMID: 36979523 PMCID: PMC10046568 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology, fluorescent silicon nanomaterials have been synthesized and applied in various areas. Among them, silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) are a new class of zero-dimensional nanomaterials with outstanding optical properties, benign biocompatibility, and ultra-small size. In recent years, SiQDs have been gradually utilized for constructing high-performance fluorescent sensors for chemical or biological analytes. Herein, we focus on reviewing recent advances in SiQD-based fluorescent biosensors from a broad perspective and discussing possible future trends. First, the representative progress for synthesizing water-soluble SiQDs in the past decade is systematically summarized. Then, the latest achievement of the design and fabrication of SiQD-based fluorescent biosensors is introduced, with a particular focus on analyte-induced photoluminescence (fluorescence) changes, hybrids of SiQDs with other materials or molecules, and biological ligand-modification methods. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Ning Cai
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Vincent Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
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12
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O'Connor S, Dennany L, O'Reilly E. Evolution of nanomaterial Electrochemiluminescence luminophores towards biocompatible materials. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 149:108286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Xie J, Sun X, Guo X, Feng X, Chen K, Shu X, Wang C, Sun W, Liu Y, Shang B, Liu X, Chen D, Xu W, Li Z. Water-borne, durable and multicolor silicon nanoparticles/sodium alginate inks for anticounterfeiting applications. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 301:120307. [PMID: 36436869 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recently, water-borne fluorescent inks have attracted extensive attention in anti-counterfeiting applications due to their convenient implementation and eco-friendliness. However, due to poor service durability, the latent authorization information from the inks is easily damaged, and even disappears when encountering water. Moreover, most of the existing fluorescent inks are monochromic, toxic, and allergic to skin, thus are unsuitable for their sustainability during real-life applications. Herein, this work presents environment-friendly, durable, and multicolor fluorescent anti-counterfeiting silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs)/sodium alginate (SA) inks. The multicolor SiNPs are synthesized by a one-pot method with defined morphologies and optical properties. Subsequently, SA is employed as the binder to prepare the fluorescent inks with optimized rheological properties. Practicability results show that the SiNPs/SA inks not only exhibit excellent printability, but also impart authentic information with superior covert performance. More notably, spraying solution of calcium dichloride can further improve fluorescent fastnesses of the SiNPs/SA inks by ionic crosslinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Xuening Sun
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Xiang Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Kailong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Xin Shu
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China
| | - Chenhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China.
| | - Bin Shang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China; State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Dongzhi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, PR China; State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China.
| | - Weilin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China
| | - Zhujun Li
- College of Textiles, Guangdong Polytechnic, Guangzhou 528041, PR China
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14
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Sreenan B, Lee B, Wan L, Zeng R, Zhao J, Zhu X. Review of Mn-Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Time-Resolved Luminescence Biosensing/Imaging. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2022; 5:17413-17435. [PMID: 36874078 PMCID: PMC9980291 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.2c04337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have been developed for decades and are widely applied in biosensing/imaging. However, their biosensing/imaging applications are mainly based on luminescence-intensity measurement, which suffers from autofluorescence in complex biological samples and thus limits the biosensing/imaging sensitivities. It is expected for these NCs to be further developed to gain luminescence features that can overcome sample autofluorescence. On the other hand, time-resolved luminescence measurement utilizing long-lived-luminescence probes is an efficient technique to eliminate short-lived autofluorescence of samples while recording time-resolved luminescence of the probes for signal measurement after pulsed excitation from a light source. Despite time-resolved measurement being very sensitive, the optical limitations of many of the current long-lived-luminescence probes cause time-resolved measurement to be generally performed in laboratories with bulky and costly instruments. In order to apply highly sensitive time-resolved measurement for in-field or point-of-care (POC) testing, it is essential to develop probes possessing high brightness, low-energy (visible-light) excitation, and long lifetimes of up to milliseconds. Such desired optical features can significantly simplify the design criteria of time-resolved measurement instruments and facilitate the development of low-cost, compact, sensitive instruments for in-field or POC testing. Mn-doped NCs have recently been in rapid development and provide a strategy to solve the challenges faced by both colloidal semiconductor NCs and time-resolved luminescence measurement. In this review, we outline the major achievements in the development of Mn-doped binary and multinary NCs, with emphasis on their synthesis approaches and luminescence mechanisms. Specifically, we demonstrate how researchers approached these obstacles to achieve the aforementioned desired optical properties on the basis of the progressive understanding of Mn emission mechanisms. Afterward, we review representative applications of Mn-doped NCs in time-resolved luminescence biosensing/imaging and present the potential of Mn-doped NCs in advancing time-resolved luminescence biosensing/imaging for in-field or POC testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Sreenan
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Bryan Lee
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Physics, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ruosheng Zeng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jialong Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
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15
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Effect of the surface coverage of an alkyl carboxylic acid monolayer on waterborne and cellular uptake behaviors for silicon quantum dots. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17211. [PMID: 36241686 PMCID: PMC9568572 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This article reports the development of highly waterborne silicon quantum dots (Si QDs) terminated with a reactive group for grafting of biomolecules. Hydrogen-terminated QDs were prepared by thermal disproportionation of amorphous hydrogen silsesquioxane derived from triethoxysilane followed by hydrofluoric etching. Next, the hydrogenated Si surfaces were exposed to 10-undecenoic acid at different temperatures in Ar atmosphere, yielding the termination of the QDs with a carboxyl group. The thermal hydrosilylation of 10-undecenoic acid yielded the termination of the QDs with a carboxyl group. An increase in molecular coverage of an undecanoic acid (UA) monolayer resulted in both the enhanced increase of zeta-potential in a negative direction for a greater water-dispersity and the increase of absolute quantum yield (QY) of photoluminescence (PL). PLQY improved for ~ 1% to 26% with increasing UA coverage. We assessed the molecular interaction between the UA-SiQDs and HeLa cells by means of cellular uptake experiments using the QDs with different UA coverages. Results showed that the QDs with the highest dispersity in water were not internalized in the cells under confocal fluorescence microscopic observation. In contrast, the QDs with lower coverage of UA monolayer were internalized by endocytosis when incubated with HeLa cells. This contrasting observation opens the possibility of successfully preparing carboxy-capped SiQDs that do not allow cellular uptake but are targeted to specific cells by appropriate conjugation with biomolecules.
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16
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Chen H, Xu J, Wang Y, Wang D, Ferrer-Espada R, Wang Y, Zhou J, Pedrazo-Tardajos A, Yang M, Tan JH, Yang X, Zhang L, Sychugov I, Chen S, Bals S, Paulsson J, Yang Z. Color-Switchable Nanosilicon Fluorescent Probes. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15450-15459. [PMID: 36107985 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes are vital to cell imaging by allowing specific parts of cells to be visualized and quantified. Color-switchable probes (CSPs), with tunable emission wavelength upon contact with specific targets, are particularly powerful because they not only eliminate the need to wash away all unbound probe but also allow for internal controls of probe concentrations, thereby facilitating quantification. Several such CSPs exist and have proven very useful, but not for all key cellular targets. Here we report a pioneering CSP for in situ cell imaging using aldehyde-functionalized silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) that switch their intrinsic photoluminescence from red to blue quickly when interacting with amino acids in live cells. Though conventional probes often work better in cell-free extracts than in live cells, the SiNCs display the opposite behavior and function well and fast in universal cell lines at 37 °C while requiring much higher temperature in extracts. Furthermore, the SiNCs only disperse in cytoplasm not nucleus, and their fluorescence intensity correlated linearly with the concentration of fed amino acids. We believe these nanosilicon probes will be promising tools to visualize distribution of amino acids and potentially quantify amino acid related processes in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Systems Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yaping Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Da Wang
- EMAT and NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Raquel Ferrer-Espada
- Department of Systems Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yutong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Jingjian Zhou
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adrián Pedrazo-Tardajos
- EMAT and NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Jia-Heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Ilya Sychugov
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shoudeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT and NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan Paulsson
- Department of Systems Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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17
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Zhang Z, Wang Y, Mei Z, Wang Y, Li H, Li S, Xia F. Incorporating Hydrophobic Moieties into Self-Assembled Monolayers to Enable Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors Deployed Directly in a Complex Matrix. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2615-2624. [PMID: 35998663 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Continuous real-time measurement of specific targets in complex biological samples is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment of diseases and thus enables achievement of personalized medicine. Electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors are good candidates to fill this role due to their high specificity, sensitivity, rapid detection, and simple preparation. However, this sensor class suffers from severe baseline drift in the complex matrix probably due to the nonspecific adsorption of components. Here, we introduce a series of self-assembled monolayers with a variety of hydrophobic functional groups into an E-AB sensor platform, achieving enhancement of the antifouling performance and thus the detection performance (e.g., stability, sensitivity, and specificity). We reveal that the antifouling performance enhanced by such hydrophobic SAMs is probably due to its instant adsorption of components onto the surface, rather than the repelling of these components by hydrophilic SAMs in previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ziyin Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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18
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Abstract
Super-resolution imaging techniques that overcome the diffraction limit of light have gained wide popularity for visualizing cellular structures with nanometric resolution. Following the pace of hardware developments, the availability of new fluorescent probes with superior properties is becoming ever more important. In this context, fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted increasing attention as bright and photostable probes that address many shortcomings of traditional fluorescent probes. The use of NPs for super-resolution imaging is a recent development and this provides the focus for the current review. We give an overview of different super-resolution methods and discuss their demands on the properties of fluorescent NPs. We then review in detail the features, strengths, and weaknesses of each NP class to support these applications and provide examples from their utilization in various biological systems. Moreover, we provide an outlook on the future of the field and opportunities in material science for the development of probes for multiplexed subcellular imaging with nanometric resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key
Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,
College of Materials and Energy, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic
of China
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bingfu Lei
- Key
Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,
College of Materials and Energy, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Key
Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,
College of Materials and Energy, South China
Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
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19
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Yang M, Li C, Tian Y, Wu L, Hu J, Hou X. Dielectric barrier discharge-accelerated one-pot synthesis of sulfur quantum dots for fluorescent sensing of lead ions and L-cysteine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8614-8617. [PMID: 35815582 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02993f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a novel method for the one-pot facile synthesis of sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) based on a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)-accelerated H2O2 etching strategy within merely 20 min. The formation mechanism of SQDs was investigated, with which an "ON-OFF-ON" fluorescence sensor was developed for the detection of Pb2+ ions and L-cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology (MOE), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Chenghui Li
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Yunfei Tian
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Lan Wu
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Jing Hu
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology (MOE), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China. .,Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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20
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Pang B, Iqbal D, Sarfraz A, Biedermann PU, Erbe A. Differences in perchlorate adsorption to azobenzene monolayers on gold formed from thioacetate and thiol precursors. Z PHYS CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2021-3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Modification of metal surfaces with complex molecules opens interesting opportunities to build additional functionality into these surfaces. In this work, self assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on the same photoswitchable azobenzene motif but with different head groups have been synthesized and their SAMs on Au(111)/Si substrates have been characterized. 3-[(4-phenylazo)phenoxy]propyl thiol (PAPT) and its acetyl group protected analog, 3-[(4-phenylazo)phenoxy]propyl thioacetate (PAPA), have been synthesized. SAMs from PAPT and PAPA have been characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The SAM-forming units of both SAMs are the same, as confirmed by IR and XPS, and the SAMs have similar surface coverage, as evidenced by analysis of the reductive desorption peaks in CVs. The tilt angle of the azobenzene moiety was ca. 75° with respect to the surface normal as determined by IR spectroscopy, i.e., the molecules are lying quite flat on the gold surface. Despite similar surface coverages, the CVs for PAPT in aqueous perchlorate solution show a typical perchlorate adsorption peak to gold, whereas the corresponding experiments with PAPA show no perchlorate adsorption at all. In conclusion, SAM formation can lead to an increase in the number of electrochemically accessible surface sites on the final, SAM covered surface. Whether the amount of such sites increases or decreases, depends on the precursor. The precursor most likely affects the adsorption mechanism and thus the atomic surface structure of the metal at the metal/SAM interface. Thus, details of the SAM formation mechanism, which is affected by the precursor used, can have quite strong effects on the electrochemical properties, and likely also electrocatalytic properties, of the resulting modified surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Pang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Adnan Sarfraz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - P. Ulrich Biedermann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Andreas Erbe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
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21
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Jiang D, Pan Y, Yao H, Sun J, Xiong W, Li L, Zheng F, Sun S, Zhu JJ. Synthesis of Renal-Clearable Multicolor Fluorescent Silicon Nanodots for Tumor Imaging and In Vivo H 2O 2 Profiling. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9074-9080. [PMID: 35694855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent silicon nanodots have shown great prospects for bioimaging and biosensing applications. Although various fluorescent silicon-containing nanodots (SiNDs) have been developed, there are few reports about renal-clearable multicolor SiNDs. Herein, renal-clearable multicolor fluorescent SiNDs are synthesized by using silane molecules and organic dyes through a facile one-step hydrothermal method. The fluorescence of the resulting SiNDs can be tuned to blue (bSiNDs), green (gSiNDs), and red (rSiNDs) by simply changing the categories of silane reagents or dye molecules. The as-prepared SiNDs exhibit strong fluorescence with a quantum yield up to 72%, excellent photostability, and good biocompatibility with 12 h renal clearance rate as high as 86% ID. These properties enabled the SiNDs for tumor fluorescence imaging and H2O2 imaging in living cells and tissue through in situ reduction reaction-lighted fluorescence of the nanoprobe. Our results provide an invaluable methodology for the synthesis of renal-clearable multicolor SiNDs and their potential applications for fluorescence imaging and biomarker sensing. These SiNDs are also promising for various biological and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difei Jiang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Yifan Pan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Haiyang Yao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Jiamin Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Weiwei Xiong
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Lingling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Longmian Ave 101, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Fenfen Zheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Shasha Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Changhui Rd. 666, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Xianlin Ave 163, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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22
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Dhas N, Pastagia M, Sharma A, Khera A, Kudarha R, Kulkarni S, Soman S, Mutalik S, Barnwal RP, Singh G, Patel M. Organic quantum dots: An ultrasmall nanoplatform for cancer theranostics. J Control Release 2022; 348:798-824. [PMID: 35752250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumours are the second leading cause of death globally, generating alterations in biological interactions and, as a result, malfunctioning of crucial genetic traits. Technological advancements have made it possible to identify tumours at the cellular level, making transcriptional gene variations and other genetic variables more easily investigated. Standard chemotherapy is seen as a non-specific treatment that has the potential to destroy healthy cells while also causing systemic toxicity in individuals. As a result, developing new technologies has become a pressing necessity. QDs are semiconductor particles with diameters ranging from 2 to 10 nanometers. QDs have grabbed the interest of many researchers due to their unique characteristics, including compact size, large surface area, surface charges, and precise targeting. QD-based drug carriers are well known among the many nanocarriers. Using QDs as a delivery approach enhances solubility, lengthens retention time, and reduces the harmful effects of loaded medicines. Several varieties of quantum dots used in drug administration are discussed in this article, along with their chemical and physical characteristics and manufacturing methods. Furthermore, it discusses the role of QDs in biological, medicinal, and theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namdev Dhas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Monarch Pastagia
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Alisha Khera
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ritu Kudarha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Soji Soman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Gurpal Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Mital Patel
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India.
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Feasibility of Silicon Quantum Dots as a Biomarker for the Bioimaging of Tear Film. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12121965. [PMID: 35745304 PMCID: PMC9231315 DOI: 10.3390/nano12121965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the fluorescence and biocompatibility of hydrophilic silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) that are doped with scandium (Sc-SiQDs), copper (Cu-SiQDs), and zinc (Zn-SiQDs), indicating their feasibility for the bioimaging of tear film. SiQDs were investigated for fluorescence emission by the in vitro imaging of artificial tears (TheraTears®), using an optical imaging system. A trypan blue exclusion test and MTT assay were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of SiQDs to cultured human corneal epithelial cells. No difference was observed between the fluorescence emission of Sc-SiQDs and Cu-SiQDs at any concentration. On average, SiQDs showed stable fluorescence, while Sc-SiQDs and Cu-SiQDs showed brighter fluorescence emissions than Zn-SiQDs. Cu-SiQDs and Sc-SiQDs showed a broader safe concentration range than Zn-SiQDs. Cu-SiQDs and Zn-SiQDs tend to aggregate more substantially in TheraTears® than Sc-SiQDs. This study elucidates the feasibility of hydrophilic Sc-SiQDs in studying the tear film's aqueous layer.
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Guleria A, Gandhi V, Kunwar A, Neogy S, Debnath AK, Adhikari S. PEGylated silicon oxide nanocomposites with blue photoluminescence prepared by a rapid electron-beam irradiation approach: Applications in IFE-based Cr (VI) sensing and cell-imaging. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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Baipaywad P, Hong SV, Kim JB, Hwang J, Choi J, Park H, Paik T. Single-step acid-catalyzed synthesis of luminescent colloidal organosilica nanobeads. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:12. [PMID: 35254532 PMCID: PMC8901841 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00303-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a single-step, room-temperature synthesis of fluorescent organosilica nanobeads (FOS NBs). The FOS NBs were synthesized under aqueous conditions using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) as the silicon source in the presence of L-ascorbic acid (L-AA). In the APTES/L-AA/water ternary phase, the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of APTES occurred under acidic conditions to form spherical FOS NBs with an average diameter of 426.8 nm. FOS NBs exhibit excellent colloidal stability in aqueous media. The formation of FOS NBs was complete within a 10 min reaction time, which indicates potential for large-scale mass-production synthesis of luminescent colloidal NBs. The FOS NBs exhibited blue photoluminescence (PL) under UV excitation in the absence of an additional high temperature calcination process or with the incorporation of any fluorophores. This phenomenon is attributed to the presence of carbon-containing defects, which act as luminescent centers formed by the reaction between amino groups in the APTES and L-ascorbic acid reductant. Finally, the results of a cytotoxicity test and cellular uptake experiments revealed that the FOS NBs showed potential as optical contrast agents for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phornsawat Baipaywad
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Seong Vin Hong
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bae Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangsun Hwang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taejong Paik
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Reimers JR, Yang J, Darwish N, Kosov DS. Silicon - single molecule - silicon circuits. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15870-15881. [PMID: 35024111 PMCID: PMC8672724 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04943g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2020, silicon - molecule - silicon junctions were fabricated and shown to be on average one third as conductive as traditional junctions made using gold electrodes, but in some instances to be even more conductive, and significantly 3 times more extendable and 5 times more mechanically stable. Herein, calculations are performed of single-molecule junction structure and conductivity pertaining to blinking and scanning-tunnelling-microscopy (STM) break junction (STMBJ) experiments performed using chemisorbed 1,6-hexanedithiol linkers. Some strikingly different characteristics are found compared to analogous junctions formed using the metals which, to date, have dominated the field of molecular electronics. In the STMBJ experiment, following retraction of the STM tip after collision with the substrate, unterminated silicon surface dangling bonds are predicted to remain after reaction of the fresh tips with the dithiol solute. These dangling bonds occupy the silicon band gap and are predicted to facilitate extraordinary single-molecule conductivity. Enhanced junction extendibility is attributed to junction flexibility and the translation of adsorbed molecules between silicon dangling bonds. The calculations investigate a range of junction atomic-structural models using density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations of structure, often explored at 300 K using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. These are aided by DFT calculations of barriers for passivation reactions of the dangling bonds. Thermally averaged conductivities are then evaluated using non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) methods. Countless applications through electronics, nanotechnology, photonics, and sensing are envisaged for this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Reimers
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures and School of Physics, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Junhao Yang
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures and School of Physics, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Daniel S Kosov
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
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27
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Jiang C, Fu Y, Liu G, Shu B, Davis J, Tofaris GK. Multiplexed Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles for Biomarker Development. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 14:3. [PMID: 34855021 PMCID: PMC8638654 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00753-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membranous particles that play a crucial role in molecular trafficking, intercellular transport and the egress of unwanted proteins. They have been implicated in many diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration. EVs are detected in all bodily fluids, and their protein and nucleic acid content offers a means of assessing the status of the cells from which they originated. As such, they provide opportunities in biomarker discovery for diagnosis, prognosis or the stratification of diseases as well as an objective monitoring of therapies. The simultaneous assaying of multiple EV-derived markers will be required for an impactful practical application, and multiplexing platforms have evolved with the potential to achieve this. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the currently available multiplexing platforms for EV analysis, with a primary focus on miniaturized and integrated devices that offer potential step changes in analytical power, throughput and consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Jiang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, New Biochemistry Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, New Biochemistry Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Guozhen Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Shu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jason Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | - George K Tofaris
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, New Biochemistry Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK.
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, New Biochemistry Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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28
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Enhancement of Temperature Fluorescence Brightness of Zn@Si Core-Shell Quantum Dots Produced via a Unified Strategy. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113158. [PMID: 34835923 PMCID: PMC8623329 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite many dedicated efforts, the fabrication of high-quality ZnO-incorporated Zinc@Silicon (Zn@Si) core–shell quantum dots (ZnSiQDs) with customized properties remains challenging. In this study, we report a new record for the brightness enhancement of ZnSiQDs prepared via a unified top-down and bottom-up strategy. The top-down approach was used to produce ZnSiQDs with uniform sizes and shapes, followed by the bottom-up method for their re-growth. The influence of various NH4OH contents (15 to 25 µL) on the morphology and optical characteristics of ZnSiQDs was investigated. The ZnSiQDs were obtained from the electrochemically etched porous Si (PSi) with Zn inclusion (ZnPSi), followed by the electropolishing and sonication in acetone. EFTEM micrographs of the samples prepared without and with NH4OH revealed the existence of spherical ZnSiQDs with a mean diameter of 1.22 to 7.4 nm, respectively. The emission spectra of the ZnSiQDs (excited by 365 nm) exhibited bright blue, green, orange-yellow, and red luminescence, indicating the uniform morphology related to the strong quantum confinement ZnSiQDs. In addition, the absorption and emission of the ZnSiQDs prepared with NH4OH were enhanced by 198.8% and 132.6%, respectively. The bandgap of the ZnSiQDs conditioned without and with NH4OH was approximately 3.6 and 2.3 eV, respectively.
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29
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Algar WR, Massey M, Rees K, Higgins R, Krause KD, Darwish GH, Peveler WJ, Xiao Z, Tsai HY, Gupta R, Lix K, Tran MV, Kim H. Photoluminescent Nanoparticles for Chemical and Biological Analysis and Imaging. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9243-9358. [PMID: 34282906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research related to the development and application of luminescent nanoparticles (LNPs) for chemical and biological analysis and imaging is flourishing. Novel materials and new applications continue to be reported after two decades of research. This review provides a comprehensive and heuristic overview of this field. It is targeted to both newcomers and experts who are interested in a critical assessment of LNP materials, their properties, strengths and weaknesses, and prospective applications. Numerous LNP materials are cataloged by fundamental descriptions of their chemical identities and physical morphology, quantitative photoluminescence (PL) properties, PL mechanisms, and surface chemistry. These materials include various semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene derivatives, carbon dots, nanodiamonds, luminescent metal nanoclusters, lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles and downshifting nanoparticles, triplet-triplet annihilation nanoparticles, persistent-luminescence nanoparticles, conjugated polymer nanoparticles and semiconducting polymer dots, multi-nanoparticle assemblies, and doped and labeled nanoparticles, including but not limited to those based on polymers and silica. As an exercise in the critical assessment of LNP properties, these materials are ranked by several application-related functional criteria. Additional sections highlight recent examples of advances in chemical and biological analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, and cellular, tissue, and in vivo imaging and theranostics. These examples are drawn from the recent literature and organized by both LNP material and the particular properties that are leveraged to an advantage. Finally, a perspective on what comes next for the field is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Melissa Massey
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rehan Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Katherine D Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - William J Peveler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Zhujun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyungki Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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30
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T MS, Mondal T. Radiation curable polysiloxane: synthesis to applications. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:6284-6297. [PMID: 34160540 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00269d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Among the different types of specialty polymers, polysiloxane finds its position in the pyramid's apex in terms of its performance attributes. Its unique structural features result in it having superior performance benefits over wide operational conditions. Hence, polysiloxanes are used in various industries. Like other polymers, to effectively use polysiloxanes, curing is a non-negotiable fact. Therefore, polysiloxanes are cured using different chemistries such as addition, condensation, and peroxy-mediated methods, etc. However, recently, it has been noted that there is a strong impetus towards developing radiation-curable polysiloxanes. A faster turnover time, higher yield, and marginal involvement in the release of any toxic by-products has resulted in the widespread acceptance of radiation curing techniques. This review article provides insight into the various facets of polysiloxane chemistry, the synthesis of radiation curable polysiloxane, and the curing methodology of polysiloxane using radiation sources such as ultraviolet, electron beam, and gamma radiation. We further provide an account of the various applications of such radiation-curable polysiloxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthamil Selvan T
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
| | - Titash Mondal
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
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31
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Guleria A, Tomy A, Baby CM, Gandhi V, Kunwar A, Debnath AK, Adhikari S. Electron beam mediated synthesis of photoluminescent organosilicon nanoparticles in TX-100 micellar medium and their prospective applications. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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32
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Singh G, Ddungu JLZ, Licciardello N, Bergmann R, De Cola L, Stephan H. Ultrasmall silicon nanoparticles as a promising platform for multimodal imaging. Faraday Discuss 2021; 222:362-383. [PMID: 32108214 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00091g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bimodal systems for nuclear and optical imaging are currently being intensively investigated due to their comparable detection sensitivity and the complementary information they provide. In this perspective, we have implemented both modalities on biocompatible ultrasmall silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs). Such nanoparticles are particularly interesting since they are highly biocompatible, have covalent surface functionalization and demonstrate very fast body clearance. We prepared monodisperse citrate-stabilized Si NPs (2.4 ± 0.5 nm) with more than 40 accessible terminal amino groups per particle and, for the first time, simultaneously, a near-infrared dye (IR800-CW) and a radiolabel (64Cu-NOTA = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid) have been covalently linked to the surface of such Si NPs. The obtained nanomaterials have been fully characterized using HR-TEM, XPS, UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy. These dual-labelled particles do not exhibit any cytotoxicity in vitro. In vivo studies employing both positron emission tomography (PET) and optical imaging (OI) techniques revealed rapid renal clearance of dual-labelled Si NPs from mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Singh
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, D-01328, Germany.
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33
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Wang Z, Zhao H, Zhang Y, Natalia A, Ong CAJ, Teo MCC, So JBY, Shao H. Surfactant-guided spatial assembly of nano-architectures for molecular profiling of extracellular vesicles. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4039. [PMID: 34193867 PMCID: PMC8245598 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The controlled assembly of nanomaterials into desired architectures presents many opportunities; however, current preparations lack spatial precision and versatility in developing complex nano-architectures. Inspired by the amphiphilic nature of surfactants, we develop a facile approach to guide nanomaterial integration – spatial organization and distribution – in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Named surfactant tunable spatial architecture (STAR), the technology leverages the varied interactions of surfactants with nanoparticles and MOF constituents, respectively, to direct nanoparticle arrangement while molding the growing framework. By surfactant matching, the approach achieves not only tunable and precise integration of diverse nanomaterials in different MOF structures, but also fast and aqueous synthesis, in solution and on solid substrates. Employing the approach, we develop a dual-probe STAR that comprises peripheral working probes and central reference probes to achieve differential responsiveness to biomarkers. When applied for the direct profiling of clinical ascites, STAR reveals glycosylation signatures of extracellular vesicles and differentiates cancer patient prognosis. Current methods for controlled assembly of nanomaterials into desired architectures often lack the precision and versatility to develop complex architectures. Here the authors report STAR, surfactant tunable spatial architecture, to guide nanomaterial integration in metal-organic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wang
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Auginia Natalia
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin-Ann J Ong
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melissa C C Teo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jimmy B Y So
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Surgical Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huilin Shao
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
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34
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Kim T, Park S, Jeong S. Diffusion dynamics controlled colloidal synthesis of highly monodisperse InAs nanocrystals. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3013. [PMID: 34021149 PMCID: PMC8140152 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly monodisperse colloidal InAs quantum dots (QDs) with superior optoelectronic properties are promising candidates for various applications, including infrared photodetectors and photovoltaics. Recently, a synthetic process involving continuous injection has been introduced to synthesize uniformly sized InAs QDs. Still, synthetic efforts to increase the particle size of over 5 nm often suffer from growth suppression. Secondary nucleation or interparticle ripening during the growth accompanies the inhomogeneity in size as well. In this study, we propose a growth model for the continuous synthetic processing of colloidal InAs QDs based on molecular diffusion. The experimentally validated model demonstrates how precursor solution injection reduces monomer flux, limiting particle growth during synthesis. As predicted by our model, we control the diffusion dynamics by tuning reaction volume, precursor concentration, and injection rate of precursor. Through diffusion-dynamics-control in the continuous process, we synthesize the InAs QDs with a size over 9.0-nm (1Smax of 1600 nm) with a narrow size distribution (12.2%). Diffusion-dynamics-controlled synthesis presented in this study effectively manages the monomer flux and thus overcome monomer-reactivity-originating size limit of nanocrystal growth in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewan Kim
- Department of Energy Science (DOES) and Center for Artificial Atoms, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Seongmin Park
- Department of Energy Science (DOES) and Center for Artificial Atoms, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeong
- Department of Energy Science (DOES) and Center for Artificial Atoms, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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35
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Na M, Han Y, Chen Y, Ma S, Liu J, Chen X. Synthesis of Silicon Nanoparticles Emitting Yellow-Green Fluorescence for Visualization of pH Change and Determination of Intracellular pH of Living Cells. Anal Chem 2021; 93:5185-5193. [PMID: 33729748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand related pathogenesis of some diseases and design new intracellular drug delivery systems, investigation of pH change in living cells in real time is important. In this paper, a new style of fluorescent silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) as a pH-sensitive probe and for the visualization of the pH changes in cells was designed and prepared using 4-aminophenol as a reducing agent and N-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethyl as a silicon source by a one-pot hydrothermal method. It was particularly noteworthy that the fluorescence intensity emitted from the SiNPs positively correlated with the pH value of solutions, making the SiNPs a viable probe used for sensitive sensing of pH. At the same time, a response of the probe to the pH was found in 5.0-10.0, and the SiNPs have an excellent biocompatibility (e.g., ∼74% of cell viability was remained after treatment for 24 h at 500 μg/mL of the SiNPs). The proposed method that could display the change in pH of live cells provided an effective means for visually diagnosing diseases related to intracellular pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Na
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yangxia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yonglei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sudai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xingguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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36
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Abramova AM, Goryacheva OA, Drozd DD, Novikova AS, Ponomareva TS, Strokin PD, Goryacheva IY. Luminescence Semiconductor Quantum Dots in Chemical Analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934821030023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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37
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Kallmyer NE, Abdennadher MS, Agarwal S, Baldwin-Kordick R, Khor RL, Kooistra AS, Peterson E, McDaniel MD, Reuel NF. Inexpensive Near-Infrared Fluorimeters: Enabling Translation of nIR-Based Assays to the Field. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4800-4808. [PMID: 33703890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The practical impact of analytical probes that transduce in the near-infrared (nIR) has been dampened by the lack of cost-effective and portable nIR fluorimeters. Herein, we demonstrate straightforward designs for an inexpensive microplate reader and a portable fluorimeter. These instruments require minimally complex machining and fabrication and operate with an open-source programming language (Python). Complete wiring diagrams, assembly diagrams, and scripts are provided. To demonstrate the utility of these two instruments, we performed high-throughput and field-side measurements of soil samples to evaluate the effect of soil management strategies on extracellular proteolytic, cellulolytic, and lignin-modifying activities. This was accomplished with fluorescent enzyme probes that utilized uniquely sensitive transducers exclusive to the nIR spectrum, single-walled carbon nanotubes. We also used the portable fluorimeter to evaluate spatial variations of proteolytic activity within individual field plots, while minimizing the effects of soil storage and handling. These demonstrations indicate the utility of these fluorimeters for translating analytical probes that operate in the nIR beyond the laboratory and into actual use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel E Kallmyer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 618 Bissell Rd., Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Mohamed Seddik Abdennadher
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 618 Bissell Rd., Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Sparsh Agarwal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 618 Bissell Rd., Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Rebecca Baldwin-Kordick
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, 716 Farm House Ln., Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Rachel L Khor
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 618 Bissell Rd., Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Alex S Kooistra
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 618 Bissell Rd., Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Erica Peterson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 618 Bissell Rd., Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Marshall D McDaniel
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, 716 Farm House Ln., Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Nigel F Reuel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, 618 Bissell Rd., Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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38
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Parker AJ, Barnard AS. Unsupervised structure classes vs. supervised property classes of silicon quantum dots using neural networks. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:277-282. [PMID: 33527922 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00637h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning classification is a useful technique to predict structure/property relationships in samples of nanomaterials where distributions of sizes and mixtures of shapes are persistent. The separation of classes, however, can either be supervised based on domain knowledge (human intelligence), or based entirely on unsupervised machine learning (artificial intelligence). This raises the questions as to which approach is more reliable, and how they compare? In this study we combine an ensemble data set of electronic structure simulations of the size, shape and peak wavelength for the optical emission of hydrogen passivated silicon quantum dots with artificial neural networks to explore the utility of different types of classes. By comparing the domain-driven and data-driven approaches we find there is a disconnect between what we see (optical emission) and assume (that a particular color band represents a special class), and what the data supports. Contrary to expectation, controlling a limited set of structural characteristics is not specific enough to classify a quantum dot based on color, even though it is experimentally intuitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Parker
- CSIRO Data61, Door 34 Goods Shed Village St, Docklands, Victoria, Australia
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39
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Gonik E, Rodríguez Sartori D, David Gara P, Miñán A, Fernández Lorenzo de Mele M, Gonzalez MC. Staphylococcus aureus biofilm eradication by the synergistic effect exerted by PEG-coated silicon dots immobilized in silica films and light irradiation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:095105. [PMID: 33137803 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abc6dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of PEG-covered silicon dots, PEGSiDs, on glass substrates was performed following a simple strategy involving particle embedding by a sol-gel process forming a silica film on glass slides. The obtained films, denoted as fSiO x -PEGSiD, constitute a water-wettable, strongly supported, photoluminescent glass coating. The films showed high capacity for photosensitizing singlet oxygen (1O2) in the UVA when immersed in water. Staphylococcus aureus colonies formed on fSiO x -PEGSiDs modified glasses revealed the inhibition of bacterial adhesion and bacterial growth leading to the formation of loosely-packed and smaller S. aureus colonies. Upon 350 nm light irradiation of the biofilmed fSiO x -PEGSiDs -modified glasses, S. aureus growth was inhibited and bacteria killed reducing the number of living bacteria by three orders of magnitude. Eradication of attached bacteria was achieved by the synergistic effect exerted by a less adherent fSiO x -PEGSiDs surface that inhibits biofilm formation and the ability of the surface to photosensitize 1O2 to kill bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Gonik
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM)-Consejo Nacional deInvestigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Intendente Marino Km 8.2, CC 164 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Damián Rodríguez Sartori
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pedro David Gara
- Centro de Investigaciones Ópticas (CONICET-CIC-UNLP), C.C.3 (1897) Gonnet, Bs. As., Argentina and Dpto. de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Miñán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mónica Fernández Lorenzo de Mele
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mónica C Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
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40
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Chen C, Zheng S, Song H. Photon management to reduce energy loss in perovskite solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7250-7329. [PMID: 33977928 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01488e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the rapid development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) over the past few years, the conversion of solar energy into electricity is not efficient enough or cost-competitive yet. The principal energy loss in the conversion of solar energy to electricity fundamentally originates from the non-absorption of low-energy photons ascribed to Shockley-Queisser limits and thermalization losses of high-energy photons. Enhancing the light-harvesting efficiency of the perovskite photoactive layer by developing efficient photo management strategies with functional materials and arrays remains a long-standing challenge. Here, we briefly review the historical research trials and future research trends to overcome the fundamental loss mechanisms in PSCs, including upconversion, downconversion, scattering, tandem/graded structures, texturing, anti-reflection, and luminescent solar concentrators. We will deeply emphasize the availability and analyze the importance of a fine device structure, fluorescence efficiency, material proportion, and integration position for performance improvement. The unique energy level structure arising from the 4fn inner shell configuration of the trivalent rare-earth ions gives multifarious options for efficient light-harvesting by upconversion and downconversion. Tandem or graded PSCs by combining a series of subcells with varying bandgaps seek to rectify the spectral mismatch. Plasmonic nanostructures function as a secondary light source to augment the light-trapping within the perovskite layer and carrier transporting layer, enabling enhanced carrier generation. Texturing the interior using controllable micro/nanoarrays can realize light-matter interactions. Anti-reflective coatings on the top glass cover of the PSCs bring about better transmission and glare reduction. Photon concentration through perovskite-based luminescent solar concentrators offers a path to increase efficiency at reduced cost and plays a role in building-integrated photovoltaics. Distinct from other published reviews, we here systematically and hierarchically present all of the photon management strategies in PSCs by presenting the theoretical possibilities and summarizing the experimental results, expecting to inspire future research in the field of photovoltaics, phototransistors, photoelectrochemical sensors, photocatalysis, and especially light-emitting diodes. We further assess the overall possibilities of the strategies based on ultimate efficiency prospects, material requirements, and developmental outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Dingzigu Road 1, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China. and State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shijian Zheng
- School of Material Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Dingzigu Road 1, Tianjin 300130, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongwei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Robidillo CJT, Veinot JGC. Functional Bio-inorganic Hybrids from Silicon Quantum Dots and Biological Molecules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:52251-52270. [PMID: 33155802 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanoparticles that exhibit photoluminescent properties useful for applications in the field of diagnostics and medicine. Successful implementation of these QDs for bio-imaging and bio/chemical sensing typically involves conjugation to biologically active molecules for recognition and signal generation. Unfortunately, traditional and widely studied QDs are based upon heavy metals and other toxic elements (e.g., Cd- and Pb-based QDs), which precludes their safe use in actual biological systems. Silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) offer the same advantages as these heavy-metal-based QDs with the added benefits of nontoxicity and abundance. The preparation of functional bio-inorganic hybrids from SiQDs and biomolecules has lagged significantly compared to their traditional toxic counterparts because of the challenges associated with the synthesis of water-soluble SiQDs and their relative instability in aqueous environments. Advances in SiQD synthesis and surface functionalization, however, have made possible the preparation of functional bio-inorganic hybrids from SiQDs and biological molecules through different bioconjugation reactions. In this contribution, we review the various bioconjugate reactions by which SiQDs have been linked to biomolecules and implemented as platforms for bio-imaging and bio/chemical sensing. We also highlight the challenges that need to be addressed and overcome for these materials to reach their full potential. Lastly, we give prospective applications where this unique class of nontoxic and biocompatible materials can be of great utility in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Jay T Robidillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Jonathan G C Veinot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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42
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Wen H, Tamarov K, Happonen E, Lehto V, Xu W. Inorganic Nanomaterials for Photothermal‐Based Cancer Theranostics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huang Wen
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
| | - Konstantin Tamarov
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
| | - Emilia Happonen
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
| | - Vesa‐Pekka Lehto
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
| | - Wujun Xu
- Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio 70211 Finland
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43
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Kargozar S, Hoseini SJ, Milan PB, Hooshmand S, Kim H, Mozafari M. Quantum Dots: A Review from Concept to Clinic. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000117. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Hoseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sara Hooshmand
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hae‐Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN) Dankook University Cheonan Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook University Cheonan Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry Dankook University Cheonan Republic of Korea
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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44
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Lisichkin GV, Olenin AY. Synthesis of surface-modified quantum dots. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2968-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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45
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König D, Tilley RD, Smith SC. Design guidelines for transition metals as interstitial emitters in silicon nanocrystals to tune photoluminescence properties: zinc as biocompatible example. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19340-19349. [PMID: 32940305 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05156j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) are attractive candidates for biomarkers in medical imaging. Building on recent work [McVey et al., J. Chem. Phys. Lett., 2015, 6/9, 1573; McVey et al., Nanoscale, 2018, 15600], we focus on interstitial (i-) doping of Si NCs by transition metals (TMs), and investigate the optoelectronic structure with Zn as example. Carrying out extensive ground and excited state calculations using density functional theory (DFT), we provide insight into the interdependencies of parameters which define photoluminescence (PL) properties as per TM element, their position, and their density within Si NCs of realistic size. For i-Zn in Si NCs, we predict a very high radiation efficiency with a wavelength located well above the range of auto-luminescence originating from human tissue and blood. We derive general guidelines for i-TM doping of Si NCs to arrive at a desired emission wavelength with maximum radiation efficiency. Moving on from this general description, we reveal the concept of using the plasmonic resonance of i-TM dopants in the microwave (μW) spectrum to trigger selective thermal apoptosis of tagged cells in vivo after cell marking, paving the way towards a theragnostics tool with minimum side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk König
- Integrated Materials Design Lab (IMDL), The Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia. and School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Sean C Smith
- Integrated Materials Design Lab (IMDL), The Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia. and Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia
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46
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Aptamer-based ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe for specific and visual detection of zearalenone. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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47
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Chen H, Hu O, Fu H, Fan Y, Xu L, Meng Q, Zhang L, Lan W, Wu C, Tang S, She Y. Paper-based sensor for visual detection of Ag+ based on a “turn-off-on” fluorescent design. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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48
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Mani S, Balasubramanian B, Balasubramani R, Chang SW, Ponnusamy P, Esmail GA, Arasu MV, Al-Dhabi NA, Duraipandiyan V. Synthesis and characterization of proanthocyanidin-chitosan nanoparticles: An assessment on human colorectal carcinoma HT-29 cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 210:111966. [PMID: 32711334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer nanotheranostic materials are helpful in monitoring drug delivery and efficacy against tumor cells. Current chemotherapeutic may have adverse side effects and this necessity to discover the new modern therapeutic nano-drugs. In the present study, we designed the new targeted and degradable polymer of bio-active chitosan nanoparticles with proanthocyanidin (PAC-CSNPs) and evaluated its apoptotic effects against human colorectal carcinoma cells (HT-29). The functional groups were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope. Further, their dispersion of spherical form nanoparticle with an average size of 73.43 nm used for drug delivery system. The PAC-CSNPs were targeted to inhibit the cyclin-dependent kinases and prevent cell cycle/cell division in cancer cells. At high concentrations of PAC (25 μg/mL) exposure, cell viability of HT-29 cells was greater than 80%. However, at low concentrations of PAC-CSNPs (6.25 μg/mL) exposure, HT-29 cell mortality was high, which may be due to the efficient drug release by CSNPs. The percentage of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were 12 ± 2.52% (control), 39 ± 4.32% (PAC), and 85.06 ± 3.54% (PAC-CSNPs). The over production of ROS by PAC-CSNPs can prompt DNA damage, cell death and apoptosis in HT-29 cells. The in vivo toxicity of synthesized PAC-CSNPs was tested against zebra fish observed at dose-time-dependent intervals. In conclusion, the PAC-CSNPs enhanced HT-29 cell death and shows promise as a novel future nano-therapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suganya Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ravindran Balasubramani
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, South Korea
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, South Korea
| | - Ponmurugan Ponnusamy
- Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Galal Ali Esmail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariadhas Valan Arasu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai 600034, Tamilnadu, India
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49
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Peiris CR, Ciampi S, Dief EM, Zhang J, Canfield PJ, Le Brun AP, Kosov DS, Reimers JR, Darwish N. Spontaneous S-Si bonding of alkanethiols to Si(111)-H: towards Si-molecule-Si circuits. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5246-5256. [PMID: 34122981 PMCID: PMC8159313 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01073a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of covalently linked self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on silicon surfaces, using mild conditions, in a way that is compatible with silicon-electronics fabrication technologies. In molecular electronics, SAMs of functional molecules tethered to gold via sulfur linkages dominate, but these devices are not robust in design and not amenable to scalable manufacture. Whereas covalent bonding to silicon has long been recognized as an attractive alternative, only formation processes involving high temperature and/or pressure, strong chemicals, or irradiation are known. To make molecular devices on silicon under mild conditions with properties reminiscent of Au–S ones, we exploit the susceptibility of thiols to oxidation by dissolved O2, initiating free-radical polymerization mechanisms without causing oxidative damage to the surface. Without thiols present, dissolved O2 would normally oxidize the silicon and hence reaction conditions such as these have been strenuously avoided in the past. The surface coverage on Si(111)–H is measured to be very high, 75% of a full monolayer, with density-functional theory calculations used to profile spontaneous reaction mechanisms. The impact of the Si–S chemistry in single-molecule electronics is demonstrated using STM-junction approaches by forming Si–hexanedithiol–Si junctions. Si–S contacts result in single-molecule wires that are mechanically stable, with an average lifetime at room temperature of 2.7 s, which is five folds higher than that reported for conventional molecular junctions formed between gold electrodes. The enhanced “ON” lifetime of this single-molecule circuit enables previously inaccessible electrical measurements on single molecules. Spontaneously formed Si–S bonds enable monolayer and single-molecule Si–molecule–Si circuits.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandramalika R Peiris
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Essam M Dief
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Jinyang Zhang
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
| | - Peter J Canfield
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, School of Physics, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China.,School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Anton P Le Brun
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO) Lucas Heights NSW 2234 Australia
| | - Daniel S Kosov
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 Australia
| | - Jeffrey R Reimers
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, School of Physics, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China.,School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, Curtin University Bentley WA 6102 Australia
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50
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Romano F, Angeloni S, Morselli G, Mazzaro R, Morandi V, Shell JR, Cao X, Pogue BW, Ceroni P. Water-soluble silicon nanocrystals as NIR luminescent probes for time-gated biomedical imaging. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7921-7926. [PMID: 32232243 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00814a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent probes based on silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) have many advantages for bioimaging compared to more conventional quantum dots: abundancy of silicon combined with its biocompatibility; tunability of the emission color of SiNCs in the red and NIR spectral region to gain deeper tissue penetration; long emission lifetimes of SiNCs (hundreds of μs) enabling time-gated acquisitions to avoid background noise caused by tissue autofluorescence and scattered excitation light. Here we report a new three-step synthesis, based on a low temperature thiol-ene click reaction that can afford SiNCs, colloidally stable in water, with preserved bright red and NIR photoluminescence (band maxima at 735 and 945 nm for nanocrystals with diameters of 4 and 5 nm, respectively) and long emission lifetimes. Their luminescence is insensitive to dioxygen and sensitive to pH changes in the physiological range, enabling pH sensing. In vivo studies demonstrated tumor accumulation, 48 hours clearance and a 3-fold improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio compared to steady-state imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Romano
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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