1
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Takahashi S, Murai M, Hattori Y, Seki S, Yanai T, Yamaguchi S. Sulfur-Bridged Cationic Diazulenomethenes: Formation of Charge-Segregated Assembly with High Charge-Carrier Mobility. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39092507 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Sulfur-bridged cationic diazulenomethenes were synthesized and exhibited high stability even under basic conditions due to the delocalization of positive charge over the whole π-conjugated skeleton. As a result of the effective delocalization and the absence of orthogonally oriented bulky substituents, the cationic π-conjugated skeletons formed a π-stacked array with short interfacial distances. A derivative with SbF6- as a counter anion formed a charge-segregated assembly in the crystalline state, rather than the generally favored charge-by-charge arrangement of oppositely charged species based on electrostatic interactions. Theoretical calculations suggested that the destabilization caused by electrostatic repulsion between two positively charged π-conjugated skeletons is compensated by the dispersion forces. In addition, the counter anion SbF6- played a role in regulating the molecular alignment through F⋯H-C and F-S interactions, which resulted in the charge-segregated alignment of the cationic π-skeletons. This characteristic assembled structure gave rise to a high charge-carrier mobility of 1.7 cm2 V-1 s-1 as determined using flash-photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Masahito Murai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hattori
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanai
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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2
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Hackney HE, Perepichka DF. Dynamic Knoevenagel Condensation of p-Tolyl Carbenium Cations. Org Lett 2024; 26:5125-5129. [PMID: 38856013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We report here that methyl-substituted hexamethoxytrityl (HMT) and the derived trioxatriangulene (TOTA) salts react with aldehydes, forming π-extended tristyryl-substituted HMT and TOTA dyes via a dynamic Knoevenagel condensation. These cations undergo a reversible electrochemical (or chemical) reduction, forming neutral radicals, including the first persistent TOTA radical. This reaction represents a promising platform to generate novel π-conjugated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Hackney
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Dmytro F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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3
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Kikuchi M, Tadokoro T, Tachibana T, Suzuki S, Suzuki T, Ishigaki Y. Cation-Stacking Approach Enabling Interconversion between Bis(xanthylium) and its Reduced Species. Chemistry 2024:e202401683. [PMID: 38780869 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cyclophane-type dications with two units of xanthylium were designed, with the expectation that intramolecular interaction between cation units could induce changes in absorption and redox behavior. The desired dications were synthesized via the macrocyclic diketone as a key intermediate, which was efficiently obtained by a stepwise etherification. X-ray and UV/Vis measurements revealed that the cyclophane-type dications adopt a stacking structure in both the crystal and solution. Due to the intramolecular interaction caused by π-π stacking of the xanthylium units, a considerable blue shift compared to the corresponding monocations and a two-stage one-electron reduction process were observed in the dications. Furthermore, upon electrochemical reduction of dications, the formation of biradicals via radical cation species was demonstrated by UV/Vis spectroscopy with several isosbestic points at both stages. Therefore, the cation-stacking approach is a promising way to provide novel properties due to perturbation of their molecular orbitals and to stabilize the reduced species even though they have open-shell characters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moto Kikuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tadokoro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Takuya Tachibana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Shuichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishigaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
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4
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Kevorkian PV, Sneddon DS, Ritts CB, Hoye TR. Phosphorane-Promoted C-C Coupling during Aryne Annulations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318774. [PMID: 38324736 PMCID: PMC11002863 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Arynes are fleeting, high-energy intermediates that undergo myriad trapping reactions by nucleophiles. Their unusual reactivity compared to other electrophiles can spur unexpected mechanistic pathways enroute to the formation of benzenoid products. Herein we explore a particularly unique case of thermally generated arynes reacting with phosphoranes to form helical dibenzothiophenes and -selenophenes. Multiple new helical polycyclic aromatic products are reported. DP4+ and X-ray crystallographic analysis were used in tandem to confirm the structural topologies of selected products and to demonstrate the utility of DP4+ for distinguishing between isomeric polycyclic aromatic compounds. Lastly, we discuss a plausible mechanism consistent with DFT computations that accounts for the product formation; namely, ligand coupling (i.e., reductive elimination) within a hypervalent, pentacarbon-ligated σ-phosphorane furnishes the dibenzothio- or dibenzoselenophene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V Kevorkian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Dorian S Sneddon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Casey B Ritts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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5
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Ohtani S, Akine S, Kato K, Fa S, Shi TH, Ogoshi T. Silapillar[ n]arenes: Their Enhanced Electronic Conjugation and Conformational Versatility. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4695-4703. [PMID: 38324921 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
During recent decades, methylene-bridged macrocyclic arenes have been widely used in supramolecular chemistry. However, their π-conjugations are very weak, as the methylene bridges disrupt the electronic communication between π orbitals of the aromatic units. Herein, we successfully synthesized a series of silapillar[n]arenes (n = 4, 6, and 8) using silylene bridging. These showed enhanced electronic conjugation compared with the parent pillar[n]arenes because of σ*-π* conjugation between σ* (Si-C) orbitals and π* orbitals of the benzenes. Owing to the longer Si-C bond compared with the C-C bond, silylene-bridging provides additional structural flexibility into the pillar[n]arene scaffolds; a strained silapillar[4]arene was formed, which is unavailable in the parent pillar[n]arenes because of the steric requirements. Furthermore, silapillar[n]arenes displayed interesting size-dependent structural and optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Ohtani
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Akine
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kato
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shixin Fa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tan-Hao Shi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ogoshi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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6
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Prindle CR, Shi W, Li L, Dahl Jensen J, Laursen BW, Steigerwald ML, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L. Effective Gating in Single-Molecule Junctions through Fano Resonances. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3646-3650. [PMID: 38293735 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The successful incorporation of molecules as active circuit elements relies on the ability to tune their electronic properties through chemical design. A synthetic strategy that has been used to manipulate and gate circuit conductance involves attaching a pendant substituent along the molecular conduction pathway. However, such a chemical gate has not yet been shown to significantly modify conductance. Here, we report a novel series of triarylmethylium and triangulenium carbocations gated by different substituents coupled to the delocalized conducting orbitals on the molecular backbone through a Fano resonance. By changing the pendant substituents to modulate the position of the Fano resonance and its coupling to the conducting orbitals, we can regulate the junction conductance by a remarkable factor of 450. This work thus provides a new design principle to enable effective chemical gating of single-molecule devices toward effective molecular transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia R Prindle
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Wanzhuo Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jesper Dahl Jensen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael L Steigerwald
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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7
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Liu X, Zhu B, Zhang X, Zhu H, Zhang J, Chu A, Wang F, Wang R. Enantioselective synthesis of [4]helicenes by organocatalyzed intermolecular C-H amination. Nat Commun 2024; 15:732. [PMID: 38272928 PMCID: PMC10810882 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45049-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of helically chiral molecules has remained an outstanding challenge and witnessed fairly limited progress in the past decades. Current methods to construct such compounds almost entirely rely on catalytic enantiocontrolled fused-ring system extension. Herein, we report a direct terminal peri-functionalization strategy, which allows for efficient assembling of 1,12-disubstituted [4]carbohelicenes via an organocatalyzed enantioselective amination reaction of 2-hydroxybenzo[c]phenanthrene derivates with diazodicarboxamides. The key feature of this approach is that the stereochemical information of the catalyst could be transferred into not only the helix sense but also the remote C-N axial chirality of the products, thus enabling the synthesis of [4]- and [5]helicenes with both structural diversity and stereochemical complexity in good efficiency and excellent enantiocontrol. Besides, the large-scale preparations and representative transformations of the helical products further demonstrate the practicality of this protocol. Moreover, DFT calculations reveal that both the hydrogen bonds and the C-H---π interactions between the substrates and catalyst contribute to the ideal stereochemical control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Boyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Institute of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518107, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanwen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Anqi Chu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fujun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China.
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8
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Báti G, Csókás D, Stuparu MC. Mechanochemical Scholl Reaction on Phenylated Cyclopentadiene Core: One-Step Synthesis of Fluoreno[5]helicenes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302971. [PMID: 37870299 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explore feasibility of the mechanochemical approach in the synthesis of tetrabenzofluorenes (fluoreno[5]helicenes). For this, commercially available phenylated cyclopentadiene precursors are subjected to the Scholl reaction in the solid state using FeCl3 as an oxidant and sodium chloride as the solid reaction medium. This ball milling process gave access to the 5-membered ring containing-helicenes in one synthetic step in high (95-96 %) isolated yields. The solution-phase reactions, however, were found to be moderate to low yielding in this regard (10-40 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Báti
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dániel Csókás
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihaiela C Stuparu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
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9
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Haketa Y, Yamasumi K, Maeda H. π-Electronic ion pairs: building blocks for supramolecular nanoarchitectonics viaiπ- iπ interactions. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:7170-7196. [PMID: 37795542 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00581j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The pairing of charged π-electronic systems and their ordered arrangement have been achieved by iπ-iπ interactions that are derived from synergetically worked electrostatic and dispersion forces. Charged π-electronic systems that provide ion pairs as building blocks for assemblies have been prepared by diverse strategies for introducing charge in the core π-electronic systems. One method to prepare charged π-electronic systems is the use of covalent bonding that makes π-electronic ions and valence-mismatched metal complexes as well as protonated and deprotonated states. Noncovalent ion complexation is another method used to create π-electronic ions, particularly for anion binding, producing negatively charged π-electronic systems. Charged π-electronic systems afford various ion pairs, consisting of both cationic and anionic π-systems, depending on their combinations. Geometries and electronic states of the constituents in π-electronic ion pairs affect the photophysical properties and assembling modes. Recent progress in π-electronic ion pairs has revealed intriguing characteristics, including the transformation into radical pairs through electron transfer and the magnetic properties influenced by the countercations. Furthermore, the assembly states exhibit diversity as observed in crystals and soft materials including liquid-crystal mesophases. While the chemistry of ion pairs (salts) is well-established, the field of π-electronic ion pairs is relatively new; however, it holds great promise for future applications in novel materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Haketa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Yamasumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Hiromitsu Maeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan.
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10
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Dahl Jensen J, Jakobsen RK, Yao Z, Laursen BW. Investigating Design Rules for Photoinduced Electron Transfer Quenching in Triangulenium Probes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301077. [PMID: 37261711 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes based on photoinduced electron transfer (PET) quenching of long lifetime triangulenium fluorophores have found multiple applications. For such probes a successful design relies on the right balance between the rate of PET quenching and fluorescence. In a series of ADOTA (A) and DAOTA (D) triangulenium fluorophores appended with aniline-like quencher moieties, we have investigated the rate of quenching and its relation to thermodynamic driving force, distance, and conjugation within the quencher moiety. Three different quenchers, a short (1), a long (2), and a long twisted (3), 4-aminophenyl, 4'-aminobiphenyl, and 2,2'-dimethyl-4'-aminobiphenyl, respectively were investigated. Steady-state spectroscopy and electrochemistry confirms that the quencher moieties are electronically decoupled from the dyes and have similar oxidation potentials and thus driving force for PET quenching, irrespectively of their different length and conjugation. Time-resolved fluorescence measurement was used to measure the fast PET quenching, with rate constant kPET ranging from >4×1011 to 2×109 s-1 . Interestingly, PET quenching is equally efficient/fast from 1 and 2, even with increase in distance between the donor and the acceptor. However, when twisting the biphenyl in 3, a 20-fold decrease in quenching is found. Even with this decrease in kPET, the quenching in 3 A/D is still highly efficient, with nearly 99 % quenching. The study show that long lifetime fluorophores can be efficiently switched even by relatively slow PET processes and that PET quencher moieties can be removed far from the fluorophore if conjugated linkers are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Dahl Jensen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Rasmus K Jakobsen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Zehan Yao
- Division of Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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11
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Tang X, Li Y, Li Q, Yu J, Bai H. The role of electrostatic potential in the translocation of triangulene across membranes. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21545-21549. [PMID: 37469968 PMCID: PMC10352715 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03259k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Triangulene and its derivatives show broad application prospects in the fields of biological imaging and biosensing. However, its interaction with cell membranes is still poorly studied. In this study, classical molecular dynamics simulations were used to adjust the electrostatic potential of triangulene to observe its interactions with cell membranes. We found that electrostatic potential not only affects the behavior as it enters the cell membrane, but also spatial distribution within the cell membrane. The angle distribution of inside-0 and all-0 triangulene when penetrating the membrane is more extensive than that of ESP triangulene. However, inside-0 triangulene could cross the midline of the cell membrane and prefers to stay in the upper leaflet, while all-0 triangulene and ESP triangulene can reach the lower leaflet. These findings can help us regulate the distribution of nanoparticles in cells, so as to design functional nanoparticles that conform to the requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Tang
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming People's Republic of China
| | - Youyun Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyan Li
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Yu
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming People's Republic of China
| | - Han Bai
- Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Yunnan University Kunming People's Republic of China
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12
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Addabbo RM, Hutchinson RB, Allaman HJ, Dalphin MD, Mecha MF, Liu Y, Staikos A, Cavagnero S. Critical Beginnings: Selective Tuning of Solubility and Structural Accuracy of Newly Synthesized Proteins by the Hsp70 Chaperone System. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:3990-4014. [PMID: 37130318 PMCID: PMC10829761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are particularly prone to aggregation immediately after release from the ribosome, and it is therefore important to elucidate the role of chaperones during these key steps of protein life. The Hsp70 and trigger factor (TF) chaperone systems interact with nascent proteins during biogenesis and immediately post-translationally. It is unclear, however, whether these chaperones can prevent formation of soluble and insoluble aggregates. Here, we address this question by monitoring the solubility and structural accuracy of globin proteins biosynthesized in an Escherichia coli cell-free system containing different concentrations of the bacterial Hsp70 and TF chaperones. We find that Hsp70 concentrations required to grant solubility to newly synthesized proteins are extremely sensitive to client-protein sequence. Importantly, Hsp70 concentrations yielding soluble client proteins are insufficient to prevent formation of soluble aggregates. In fact, for some aggregation-prone protein variants, avoidance of soluble-aggregate formation demands Hsp70 concentrations that exceed cellular levels in E. coli. In all, our data highlight the prominent role of soluble aggregates upon nascent-protein release from the ribosome and show the limitations of the Hsp70 chaperone system in the case of highly aggregation-prone proteins. These results demonstrate the need to devise better strategies to prevent soluble-aggregate formation upon release from the ribosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayna M. Addabbo
- Biophysics Graduate Degree Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, U.S.A
| | - Rachel B. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A
| | - Heather J. Allaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A
| | - Matthew D. Dalphin
- Biophysics Graduate Degree Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, U.S.A
| | - Miranda F. Mecha
- Biophysics Graduate Degree Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, U.S.A
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A
| | - Alexios Staikos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Biophysics Graduate Degree Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, U.S.A
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A
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13
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Kitamoto Y, Oda K, Kita H, Hattori T, Oi S. Synthesis of Azadioxa-Planar Triphenylboranes Bridged by Aryl- and Alkylimino Groups and Their Photophysical Properties. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5852-5860. [PMID: 37083363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Heteroatom-bridged planar triphenylboranes, in which the three phenyl groups are bridged at the ortho positions by heteroatoms, are attracting growing attention as one of the heteroatom-containing π-conjugated molecules. Herein, we developed the synthetic method of planar triphenylboranes bridged by two oxygen atoms and one nitrogen atom, and the substituent on the nitrogen atom is derived into various aryl and alkyl groups. A key intermediate bearing an imino group (-NH-) was synthesized from a bis-triflate precursor bridged by two oxo groups via a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of benzyl amine and following debenzylation. The X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that the compound exhibits a planar molecular structure which can form a one-dimensionally π-stacked structure. The photophysical and density functional theory studies revealed that their highest occupied molecular orbitals and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) are originated from the triphenylborane moiety, while introducing strong electron-withdrawing groups such as the 4-cyanophenyl group on the nitrogen atom can induce the localization of the LUMO at the aryl groups instead of the triphenylborane moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kitamoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kazuma Oda
- Advanced Core Technology Center, Technology Development Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kita
- Advanced Core Technology Center, Technology Development Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Hattori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shuichi Oi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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14
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Cei M, Di Bari L, Zinna F. Circularly polarized luminescence of helicenes: A data-informed insight. Chirality 2023; 35:192-210. [PMID: 36707940 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Helicenes are an interesting scaffold for chiroptical properties and in particular circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). In this short review, we collect the luminescence (glum ) and absorption (gabs ) dissymmetry factors associated to the first Cotton effect of the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum. Considering the data for 170 [n]-helicenes (n = 4-11), overall we found reasonable correlations between glum and gabs . Despite a few notable exceptions, this would confirm a similarity in the stereochemistry of the ground and emitting excited states for most helicenes. These results may be useful in rationalizing chiroptical data and help chemists in designing new helicene structures with the desired CPL properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cei
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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15
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Wang L, Duan L, Hong B, Gu Z. Divergent Synthesis of Helical Ketone Enabled by Rearrangement of Spiro Carbocation. Org Lett 2023; 25:1912-1917. [PMID: 36892669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
An acid-mediated electrophilic cyclization of 2-alkynyl-1,1'-biphenyls for the divergent synthesis of angular, bent, and zigzag fused nonplanar conjugated organic molecules was realized. The key feature of this reaction is a Wagner-Meerwein-type rearrangement via a spiro carbocation intermediate, which was formed by electrophilic cyclization of the 9H-fluoren-9-one derivative at the meta position. The products can be advanced to helical fluorenes, which exhibit high fluorescence quantum yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Longhui Duan
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Biqiong Hong
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
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16
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Smith O, Popescu MV, Hindson MJ, Paton RS, Burton JW, Smith MD. Control of stereogenic oxygen in a helically chiral oxonium ion. Nature 2023; 615:430-435. [PMID: 36922609 PMCID: PMC10017494 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The control of tetrahedral carbon stereocentres remains a focus of modern synthetic chemistry and is enabled by their configurational stability. By contrast, trisubstituted nitrogen1, phosphorus2 and sulfur compounds3 undergo pyramidal inversion, a fundamental and well-recognized stereochemical phenomenon that is widely exploited4. However, the stereochemistry of oxonium ions-compounds bearing three substituents on a positively charged oxygen atom-is poorly developed and there are few applications of oxonium ions in synthesis beyond their existence as reactive intermediates5,6. There are no examples of configurationally stable oxonium ions in which the oxygen atom is the sole stereogenic centre, probably owing to the low barrier to oxygen pyramidal inversion7 and the perception that all oxonium ions are highly reactive. Here we describe the design, synthesis and characterization of a helically chiral triaryloxonium ion in which inversion of the oxygen lone pair is prevented through geometric restriction to enable it to function as a determinant of configuration. A combined synthesis and quantum calculation approach delineates design principles that enable configurationally stable and room-temperature isolable salts to be generated. We show that the barrier to inversion is greater than 110 kJ mol-1 and outline processes for resolution. This constitutes, to our knowledge, the only example of a chiral non-racemic and configurationally stable molecule in which the oxygen atom is the sole stereogenic centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Smith
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mihai V Popescu
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - Robert S Paton
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA.
| | | | - Martin D Smith
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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17
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Murai M, Abe M, Ogi S, Yamaguchi S. Diazulenylmethyl Cations with a Silicon Bridge: A π-Extended Cationic Motif to Form J-Aggregates with Near-Infrared Absorption and Emission. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20385-20393. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Murai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Mikiya Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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18
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Nikolova Y, Fabri B, Moneva Lorente P, Guarnieri‐Ibáñez A, de Aguirre A, Soda Y, Pescitelli G, Zinna F, Besnard C, Guénée L, Moreau D, Di Bari L, Bakker E, Poblador‐Bahamonde AI, Lacour J. Chemo- and Regioselective Multiple C(sp 2 )-H Insertions of Malonate Metal Carbenes for Late-Stage Functionalizations of Azahelicenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210798. [PMID: 35943860 PMCID: PMC9825994 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiral quinacridines react up to four times, step-by-step, with α-diazomalonates under RuII and RhII catalysis. By selecting the catalyst, [CpRu(CH3 CN)3 ][PF6 ] (Cp=cyclopentadienyl) or Rh2 (oct)4 , chemo and regioselective insertions of derived metal carbenes are achieved in favor of mono- or bis-functionalized malonate derivatives, respectively, (r.r.>49 : 1, up to 77 % yield, 12 examples). This multi-introduction of malonate groups is particularly useful to tune optical and chemical properties such as absorption, emission or Brønsted acidity but also cellular bioimaging. Density-functional theory further elucidates the origin of the carbene insertion selectivity and also showcases the importance of conformations in the optical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Nikolova
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 301211Geneva 4Switzerland
| | - Bibiana Fabri
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 301211Geneva 4Switzerland
| | - Pau Moneva Lorente
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 301211Geneva 4Switzerland
| | | | - Adiran de Aguirre
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 301211Geneva 4Switzerland
| | - Yoshiki Soda
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 301211Geneva 4Switzerland
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica IndustrialeUniversity of PisaVia G. Moruzzi 1356124PisaItaly
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica IndustrialeUniversity of PisaVia G. Moruzzi 1356124PisaItaly
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratory of CrystallographyUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 241211Geneva 4Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratory of CrystallographyUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 241211Geneva 4Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Moreau
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 241211Geneva 4Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica IndustrialeUniversity of PisaVia G. Moruzzi 1356124PisaItaly
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 301211Geneva 4Switzerland
| | | | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of GenevaQuai Ernest Ansermet 301211Geneva 4Switzerland
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19
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Frédéric L, Fabri B, Guénée L, Zinna F, Di Bari L, Lacour J. Triple Regioselective Functionalization of Cationic [4]Helicenes via Iridium-Catalyzed Borylation and Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reactivity. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201853. [PMID: 35796630 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In essentially one-pot, using Ir- and Pd-catalysis, tris(arene)-functionalized cationic [4]helicenes are synthesized with full regioselectivity and enantiospecificity starting from a trivial precursor (17 examples). This poly-addition of aryl groups improves key optical properties, that is, fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes. Electronic circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence signatures are observed up to the far-red domain, in particular with additional arenes prone to aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Frédéric
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Bibiana Fabri
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
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20
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Wei H, Hou X, Xu T, Zou Y, Li G, Wu S, Geng Y, Wu J. Solution‐Phase Synthesis and Isolation of An Aza‐Triangulene and Its Cation in Crystalline Form. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210386. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
| | - Xudong Hou
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Ya Zou
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Guangwu Li
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Shaofei Wu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Yanhou Geng
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
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21
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Wei H, Hou X, Xu T, Zou Y, Li G, Wu S, Geng Y, Wu J. Solution‐Phase Synthesis and Isolation of An Aza‐Triangulene and Its Cation in Crystalline Form. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wei
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Xudong Hou
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Tingting Xu
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Ya Zou
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Guangwu Li
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Shaofei Wu
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Yanhou Geng
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Jishan Wu
- National University of Singapore Chemistry 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore SINGAPORE
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22
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Nikolova Y, Fabri B, Moneva Lorente P, Guarnieri-Ibáñez A, de Aguirre A, Soda Y, Pescitelli G, Zinna F, Besnard C, Guénée L, Moreau D, Di Bari L, Bakker E, Poblador Bahamonde AI, Lacour J. Chemo‐ and Regioselective Multiple C(sp2)−H Insertions of Malonate Metal Carbenes for Late‐Stage Functionalizations of Azahelicenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yana Nikolova
- Université de Genève: Universite de Geneve Organic Chemistry SWITZERLAND
| | - Bibiana Fabri
- Université de Genève: Universite de Geneve Organic Chemistry SWITZERLAND
| | - Pau Moneva Lorente
- Université de Genève: Universite de Geneve Organic Chemistry SWITZERLAND
| | | | - Adiran de Aguirre
- Université de Genève: Universite de Geneve Organic Chemistry SWITZERLAND
| | - Yoshiki Soda
- Université de Genève: Universite de Geneve Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry SWITZERLAND
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Università di Pisa: Universita degli Studi di Pisa chemistry and industrial chemistry ITALY
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Università di Pisa: Universita degli Studi di Pisa chemistry and industrial chemistry ITALY
| | - Céline Besnard
- Université de Genève: Universite de Geneve Laboratory of Crystallography SWITZERLAND
| | - Laure Guénée
- Université de Genève: Universite de Geneve Laboratory of Crystallography SWITZERLAND
| | - Dimitri Moreau
- Université de Genève: Universite de Geneve Department of Biochemistry SWITZERLAND
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Università di Pisa: Universita degli Studi di Pisa chemistry and industrial chemistry ITALY
| | - Eric Bakker
- Université de Genève: Universite de Geneve Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry SWITZERLAND
| | | | - Jerome Lacour
- University of Geneva Department of Organic Chemistry Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 CH-1211 Geneva 4 SWITZERLAND
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23
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Ondrisek P, Elie M, Pupier M, de Aguirre A, Poblador‐Bahamonde AI, Besnard C, Lacour J. Acetylene Derivatives of Cationic Diazaoxatriangulenes and Diaza [4]Helicenes ‐ Access to Red Emitters and Planar Chiral Stereochemical Traits. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104405. [PMID: 35040214 PMCID: PMC9305763 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cationic triangulenes, and related helicenes, constitute a rich class of dyes and fluorophores, usually absorbing and emitting light at low energy, in the orange to red domains. Recently, to broaden the scope of applications, regioselective late‐stage functionalizations on these core moieties have been developed. For instance, with the introduction of electron‐donating groups (EDGs), important bathochromic shifts are observed pushing absorptions towards or in the near‐infrared (NIR) spectral domain while emissive properties disappear essentially completely. Herein, to upset this drawback, acetylene derivatives of cationic diazaoxa triangulenes (DAOTA) and [4]helicenes are prepared (16 examples). Contrary to other EDG‐functionalized derivatives, C≡C− functionalized products remain broadly fluorescent, with red‐shifted absorptions (Δλabs up to 25 nm) and emissions (Δλem up to 73 nm, ΦPL up to 51 %). Quite interestingly, a general dynamic stereoisomerism phenomenon is evidenced for the compounds derived from achiral DAOTA cores. At low temperature in 1H NMR spectroscopy (218 K), N−CH2 protons become diastereotopic with chemical shifts differences (Δδ) as high as +1.64 ppm. The signal coalescence occurs around 273 K with a barrier of ∼12 kcal mol−1. This phenomenon is due to planar chiral conformations (Sp and Rp configurations), induced by the geometry of the alkyl (n‐propyl) side‐chains next to the acetylenic substituents. Ion pairing studies with Δ‐TRISPHAT anion not only confirm the occurrence of the chiral conformations but evidence a moderate but definite asymmetric induction from the chiral anion onto the cations. Finally, DFT calculations offer a valuable insight on the geometries, the corresponding stereodynamics and also on the very large difference in NMR for some of the diastereotopic protons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Ondrisek
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Margaux Elie
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Marion Pupier
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Adiran de Aguirre
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | | | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 24 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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24
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Freese T, Jones PG, Werz DB. An Iterative Approach to Unsaturated and Partially Saturated [7]Helicenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:1367-1371. [PMID: 35138114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple, iterative strategy for the synthesis of [7]helicenes starting from substituted 1,4-xylene building blocks. In the first step, we take advantage of the deprotonatable methyl groups to achieve ethano-bridged dimers. These are oxidatively coupled (without using metal-containing catalysts or light) using a hypervalent iodine reagent. Both steps are repeated to obtain the respective σ/π-helicenes. The degree of saturation can be controlled thermally during the oxidative coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyll Freese
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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25
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Enantioselective synthesis of indenopyrazolopyrazolones enabled by dual directing groups-assisted and rhodium(III)-catalyzed tandem C-H alkenylation/[3 + 2] stepwise cycloaddition. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Jensen JD, Bisballe N, Kacenauskaite L, Thomsen MS, Chen J, Hammerich O, Laursen BW. Utilizing Selective Chlorination to Synthesize New Triangulenium Dyes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17002-17010. [PMID: 34791879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of new sites on the triangulenium structure has been achieved by early-stage chlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS), giving rise to two new triangulenium dyes (1 and 3). By introducing the chlorine functionalities in the acridinium precursor, positions complementary to those previously obtained by electrophilic aromatic substitution on the final dyes are accessed. The chlorination is selective, giving only one regioisomer for both mono- and dichlorination products. For the monochlorinated acridinium compound, a highly selective ring-closing reaction was discovered, generating a single regioisomer of the cationic [4]helicene product. Further investigations into the mechanism of the [4]helicene formation lead to the first isolation of the previously proposed intermediate of the two-step SNAr reaction, key to all aza-bridged triangulenium and helicenium systems. Late-stage functionalization of DAOTA+ with NCS gave rise to a different dichlorinated compound (2). The fully ring closed chlorinated triangulenium dyes 1, 2, and 3 show a redshift in absorption and emission, while maintaining relatively high fluorescence quantum yields of 36%, 26%, and 41% and long fluorescence lifetimes of 15, 12.5, and 16 ns, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry shows that chlorination of the triangulenium dyes significantly lowers reduction potentials and thus allows for efficient tuning of redox and photoredox properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Dahl Jensen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Bisballe
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laura Kacenauskaite
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Storm Thomsen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Hammerich
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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27
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Feng J, Wang L, Xue X, Chao Z, Hong B, Gu Z. Ring-Expansion Strategy for α-Aryl Azahelicene Construction: Building Blocks for Optoelectronic Materials. Org Lett 2021; 23:8056-8061. [PMID: 34609885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An acid-mediated rapid synthesis of α-aryl azahelicenes via C-C bond cleavage of helical 9H-fluoren-9-ols is reported. The newly introduced aryl ring and pyridine moieties provide an excellent opportunity to further tune the properties of azahelicences: i.e., photoluminescence. The novel α-aryl azahelicenes showcase high circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) efficiencies (4.5 × 10-3) as well as CPL brightness (BCPL), reaching 7.39 M-1 cm-1, which indicates a potential application as chiral emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Feng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Xue
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengyin Chao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Biqiong Hong
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China.,College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, People's Republic of China
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28
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Gauthier ES, Cordier M, Dorcet V, Vanthuyne N, Favereau L, Williams JAG, Crassous J. Helically Chiral NHC‐Gold(I) Complexes: Synthesis, Chiroptical Properties and Electronic Features of the [5]Helicene‐Imidazolylidene Ligand. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie Cordier
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR – UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | | | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille University CNRS Centrale Marseille, iSm2 13284 Marseille France
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29
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Hanada K, Nogami J, Miyamoto K, Hayase N, Nagashima Y, Tanaka Y, Muranaka A, Uchiyama M, Tanaka K. Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of Single and Double Azahelicene-Like Molecules. Chemistry 2021; 27:9313-9319. [PMID: 33904626 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective synthesis of aza[6] and [7]helicene-like molecules have been achieved by the cationic rhodium(I)/axially chiral biaryl bisphosphine complex-catalyzed intramolecular [2+2+2] cycloaddition of cyanodiynes. This protocol was successfully applied to the diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of an S-shaped double aza[6]helicene-like molecule with a high ee value of 89 %. Although no epimerization and racemization were observed in the double carbo[6]helicene-like molecule at 80 °C, epimerization and racemization of the double aza[6]helicene-like molecule proceeded at 80 °C. This double aza[6]helicene-like molecule showed good fluorescent quantum yields and chiroptical responses under both neutral and acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoichi Hanada
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Juntaro Nogami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kazunori Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Norihiko Hayase
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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30
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Pallova L, Gauthier ES, Abella L, Jean M, Vanthuyne N, Dorcet V, Vendier L, Autschbach J, Crassous J, Bastin S, César V. Synthesis and Properties of Partially Saturated Fluorenyl-Derived [n]Helicenes Featuring an Overcrowded Alkene. Chemistry 2021; 27:7722-7730. [PMID: 33780559 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The straightforward, multigram-scale synthesis of the partially saturated H6 -fluoreno[n]helicenes (n=5 or 7) featuring a central, overcrowded alkene is described. The key cyclization step was based on an intramolecular McMurry reaction from the corresponding 1,5-diketones. Chiral stationary phase HPLC analysis and isomer separation indicate that each helicenic compound is constituted of three diastereoisomers at room temperature, i. e. the configurationally stable (R,R,P)/(S,S,M) pair of enantiomers and an apparently achiral compound resulting from the rapid interconversion between the (R,S,P) and (S,R,M) enantiomers. The partially saturated H6 -fluoreno[n]helicenes are oxidatively aromatized to give an efficient access to the corresponding fluoreno[n]helicenes. The chiroptical properties (vibrational and electronic circular dichroism) of the chiral, enantiopure compounds have been measured and analyzed by quantum-chemical calculations, confirming their helicoidal nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Pallova
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Etienne S Gauthier
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, Campus de Beaulieu, CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Laura Abella
- Department of chemistry, University at Buffalo - State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Marion Jean
- Aix Marseille university, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Ism2, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille university, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Ism2, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, Campus de Beaulieu, CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of chemistry, University at Buffalo - State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, Campus de Beaulieu, CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | | | - Vincent César
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31077, Toulouse, France
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31
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Tarrieu R, Delgado IH, Zinna F, Dorcet V, Colombel-Rouen S, Crévisy C, Baslé O, Bosson J, Lacour J. Hybrids of cationic [4]helicene and N-heterocyclic carbene as ligands for complexes exhibiting (chir)optical properties in the far red spectral window. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3793-3796. [PMID: 33876124 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00898f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis, electronic and structural properties of a chiral NHC bearing a N-bonded cationic [4]helicene moiety are reported. This ligand is used to construct AuI, AuIII and RhI complexes exhibiting far-red (chir)optical properties regardless of the metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Tarrieu
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France.
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32
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Bosson J, Labrador GM, Besnard C, Jacquemin D, Lacour J. Chiral Near‐Infrared Fluorophores by Self‐Promoted Oxidative Coupling of Cationic Helicenes with Amines/Enamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Bosson
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Geraldine M. Labrador
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 24 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM UMR 6230 CNRS University of Nantes 44000 Nantes France
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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33
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Bosson J, Labrador GM, Besnard C, Jacquemin D, Lacour J. Chiral Near-Infrared Fluorophores by Self-Promoted Oxidative Coupling of Cationic Helicenes with Amines/Enamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8733-8738. [PMID: 33481294 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In one pot, tertiary alkyl amines are oxidized to enamines by cationic dioxa[6]helicene, which further reacts as electrophile and oxidant to form mono or bis donor-π-acceptor coupling products. This original and convergent synthetic approach provides a strong extension of conjugation yielding chromophores that absorb intensively in far-red or NIR domains (λmax up to 791 nm) and fluoresce in the NIR as well (λmax up to 887 nm). Intense ECD properties around 790 nm with a |Δϵ| value up to 60 M-1 cm-1 are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Bosson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Geraldine M Labrador
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM UMR 6230, CNRS, University of Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
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34
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Ikai T, Yamakawa S, Suzuki N, Yashima E. One-Step Simultaneous Synthesis of Circularly Polarized Luminescent Multiple Helicenes Using a Chrysene Framework. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:769-774. [PMID: 33449407 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of multiple helicenes was simultaneously synthesized in one step by intramolecular cyclization of a single chrysene derivative containing two 2-[(4-alkoxyphenyl)ethynyl]phenyl units accompanied by rearrangements of the aryl pendants. The electrophile-induced double cyclization with or without aryl migrations proceeded efficiently under acidic conditions to afford annulative π-extension of the chrysene units and produced quadruple (QH-2), triple (TH-2), and double (DH-2) helicenes containing [4]- and/or [5]helicene frameworks with dynamic and/or static helicene chirality in one step. Three multiple helicenes' structures were determined by X-ray crystallography and/or density functional theory calculations. The multiple TH-2 and DH-2 helicenes were separated into enantiomers because of the stable one and two [5]helicene moieties, respectively, and showed intense circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence. Although QH-2, which comprises four [4]helicene subunits, was not resolved into enantiomers, the TH-2 enantiomers were further separated into a pair of diastereomers at low temperature resulting from their substituted [4]helicene chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ikai
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Shoya Yamakawa
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Nozomu Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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35
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Kitamoto Y, Oda K, Ogino K, Hiyama K, Kita H, Hattori T, Oi S. Synthesis of an azadioxa-planar triphenylborane and investigation of its structural and photophysical properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2297-2300. [PMID: 33533350 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08331c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report here the first successful synthesis of planar triphenylborane 1 with the phenyl groups bridged by oxygen and nitrogen atoms via double nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The hetero atom-bridged 1 has excellent planarity. Its structural and photophysical properties are tunable by altering the bridging atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitamoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - K Oda
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - K Ogino
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - K Hiyama
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - H Kita
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - T Hattori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - S Oi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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36
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Shaikh AC, Veleta JM, Moutet J, Gianetti TL. Trioxatriangulenium (TOTA +) as a robust carbon-based Lewis acid in frustrated Lewis pair chemistry. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4841-4849. [PMID: 34168760 PMCID: PMC8179643 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05893a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the reactivity between the water stable Lewis acidic trioxatriangulenium ion (TOTA+) and a series of Lewis bases such as phosphines and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC). The nature of the Lewis acid-base interaction was analyzed via variable temperature (VT) NMR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. While small and strongly nucleophilic phosphines, such as PMe3, led to the formation of a Lewis acid-base adduct, frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) were observed for sterically hindered bases such as P( t Bu)3. The TOTA+-P( t Bu)3 FLP was characterized as an encounter complex, and found to promote the heterolytic cleavage of disulfide bonds, formaldehyde fixation, dehydrogenation of 1,4-cyclohexadiene, heterolytic cleavage of the C-Br bonds, and interception of Staudinger reaction intermediates. Moreover, TOTA+ and NHC were found to first undergo single-electron transfer (SET) to form [TOTA]·[NHC]˙+, which was confirmed via electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and subsequently form a [TOTA-NHC]+ adduct or a mixture of products depending the reaction conditions used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslam C Shaikh
- University of Arizona, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Tucson AZ USA
| | - José M Veleta
- University of Arizona, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Tucson AZ USA
| | - Jules Moutet
- University of Arizona, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Tucson AZ USA
| | - Thomas L Gianetti
- University of Arizona, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Tucson AZ USA
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37
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Lewis BW, Bisballe N, Santella M, Summers PA, Vannier JB, Kuimova MK, Laursen BW, Vilar R. Assessing The Key Photophysical Properties of Triangulenium Dyes for DNA Binding by Alteration of the Fluorescent Core. Chemistry 2021; 27:2523-2536. [PMID: 33105523 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Four-stranded G-quadruplex (G4) DNA is a non-canonical DNA topology that has been proposed to form in cells and play key roles in how the genome is read and used by the cellular machinery. Previously, a fluorescent triangulenium probe (DAOTA-M2) was used to visualise G4s in cellulo, thanks to its distinct fluorescence lifetimes when bound to different DNA topologies. Herein, the library of available triangulenium probes is expanded to explore how modifications to the fluorescent core of the molecule affect its photophysical characteristics, interaction with DNA and cellular localisation. The benzo-bridged and isopropyl-bridged diazatriangulenium dyes, BDATA-M2 and CDATA-M2 respectively, featuring ethyl-morpholino substituents, were synthesised and characterised. The interactions of these molecules with different DNA topologies were studied to determine their binding affinity, fluorescence enhancement and fluorescence lifetime response. Finally, the cellular uptake and localisation of these optical probes were investigated. Whilst structural modifications to the triangulenium core only slightly alter the binding affinity to DNA, BDATA-M2 and CDATA-M2 cannot distinguish between DNA topologies through their fluorescence lifetime. It is argued theoretically and experimentally that this is due to reduced effectiveness of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) quenching. This work presents valuable new evidence into the critical role of PET quenching when using the fluorescence lifetime of triangulenium dyes to discriminate G4 DNA from duplex DNA, highlighting the importance of fine tuning redox and spectral properties when developing new triangulenium-based G4 probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.,Institute of Chemical Biology, White City Campus, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Niels Bisballe
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marco Santella
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter A Summers
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Jean-Baptiste Vannier
- Telomere Replication and Stability Group, Medical Research Council-London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, W12 0NN, UK.,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Marina K Kuimova
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.,Institute of Chemical Biology, White City Campus, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ramon Vilar
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.,Institute of Chemical Biology, White City Campus, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
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38
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Kacenauskaite L, Bisballe N, Mucci R, Santella M, Pullerits T, Chen J, Vosch T, Laursen BW. Rational Design of Bright Long Fluorescence Lifetime Dyad Fluorophores for Single Molecule Imaging and Detection. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1377-1385. [PMID: 33427468 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Increasing demand for detecting single molecules in challenging environments has raised the bar for the fluorophores used. To achieve better resolution and/or contrast in fluorescence microscopy, it is now essential to use bright and stable dyes with tailored photophysical properties. While long fluorescence lifetime fluorophores offer many advantages in time-resolved imaging, their inherently lower molar absorption coefficient has limited applications in single molecule imaging. Here we propose a generic approach to prepare bright, long fluorescence lifetime dyad fluorophores comprising an absorbing antenna chromophore with high absorption coefficient linked to an acceptor emitter with a long fluorescence lifetime. We introduce a dyad consisting of a perylene antenna and a triangulenium emitter with 100% energy transfer from donor to acceptor. The dyad retained the long fluorescence lifetime (∼17 ns) and high quantum yield (75%) of the triangulenium emitter, while the perylene antenna increased the molar absorption coefficient (up to 5 times) in comparison to the free triangulenium dye. These triangulenium based dyads with significantly improved brightness can now be detected at the single molecule level and easily discriminated from bright autofluorescence by time-gated and other lifetime-based detection schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kacenauskaite
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Bisballe
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Mucci
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marco Santella
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tönu Pullerits
- Chemical Physics & NanoLund, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Chemical Physics & NanoLund, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tom Vosch
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo W Laursen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University,2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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40
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Wang Q, Zhang WW, Zheng C, Gu Q, You SL. Enantioselective Synthesis of Azoniahelicenes by Rh-Catalyzed C–H Annulation with Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 143:114-120. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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41
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Steinegger A, Wolfbeis OS, Borisov SM. Optical Sensing and Imaging of pH Values: Spectroscopies, Materials, and Applications. Chem Rev 2020; 120:12357-12489. [PMID: 33147405 PMCID: PMC7705895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This is the first comprehensive review on methods and materials for use in optical sensing of pH values and on applications of such sensors. The Review starts with an introduction that contains subsections on the definition of the pH value, a brief look back on optical methods for sensing of pH, on the effects of ionic strength on pH values and pKa values, on the selectivity, sensitivity, precision, dynamic ranges, and temperature dependence of such sensors. Commonly used optical sensing schemes are covered in a next main chapter, with subsections on methods based on absorptiometry, reflectometry, luminescence, refractive index, surface plasmon resonance, photonic crystals, turbidity, mechanical displacement, interferometry, and solvatochromism. This is followed by sections on absorptiometric and luminescent molecular probes for use pH in sensors. Further large sections cover polymeric hosts and supports, and methods for immobilization of indicator dyes. Further and more specific sections summarize the state of the art in materials with dual functionality (indicator and host), nanomaterials, sensors based on upconversion and 2-photon absorption, multiparameter sensors, imaging, and sensors for extreme pH values. A chapter on the many sensing formats has subsections on planar, fiber optic, evanescent wave, refractive index, surface plasmon resonance and holography based sensor designs, and on distributed sensing. Another section summarizes selected applications in areas, such as medicine, biology, oceanography, bioprocess monitoring, corrosion studies, on the use of pH sensors as transducers in biosensors and chemical sensors, and their integration into flow-injection analyzers, microfluidic devices, and lab-on-a-chip systems. An extra section is devoted to current challenges, with subsections on challenges of general nature and those of specific nature. A concluding section gives an outlook on potential future trends and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Steinegger
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Otto S. Wolfbeis
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sergey M. Borisov
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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42
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Mei L, Veleta JM, Bloch J, Goodman HJ, Pierce-Navarro D, Villalobos A, Gianetti TL. Tunable carbocation-based redox active ambiphilic ligands: synthesis, coordination and characterization. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16095-16105. [PMID: 32186563 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00419g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of novel redox active ambiphilic ligands L1-L3 and their coordination chemistry to first-row late transition metal halides (M = Co and Ni) is reported. The heterocyclic carbocation scaffolds act as Lewis acid moieties while the pyridine anchor acts as the coordinating Lewis base. The high synthetic tunability of this ligand scaffold allows for control of its rigidity and electronic properties. Anion exchange and coordination of a chloride anion to the metal center was observed resulting in the formation of [MCl3]- metallate. Upon coordination to the pyridine anchor, the metallate centers adopt a canonical tetrahedral geometry, resulting in an overall neutral complex best described as a zwitterionic metallate trichloride bound to a cationic ligand. Characterization techniques including single crystal X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy were employed to better understand the structural and chemical properties of the ligands and metal complexes. A possible weak interaction between one of the chlorides and the carbenium moiety in the ligand is observed in crystals of both of the Co(ii) and Ni(ii) complexes with ligand L1. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations support that this electrostatic interaction for complexes 2a and 2b exists only in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyong Mei
- University of Arizona, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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43
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Gianetti T, Mei L. Helical Carbenium Ion-Based Organic Photoredox Catalyst: A Versatile and Sustainable Option in Red-Light-Induced Reactions. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe development of a sustainable catalytic system for red-light-induced photocatalysis is presented. The catalytic system consists of a helical carbenium ion-based organic photoredox catalyst (PC) that is capable of using low-energy red light (λmax = 640 nm) for both photooxidations and photoreductions. Its successful applications in the aerobic oxidative hydroxylation of arylboronic acids and in the oxidation of benzylic C(sp3)–H bonds (reductive quenching), as well as in dual transition-metal/organocatalyzed C–H arylations and intermolecular atom-transfer radical additions (oxidative quenching) provide further support for its role as a versatile and efficient organic PC.1 Introduction2 Red-Light-Induced Photocatalysis3 Properties of N,N′-Dipropyl-1,13-dimethoxyquinacridinium Tetrafluoroborate4 Two Proposed Representative Catalytic Cycles of [
n
Pr-DMQA+][BF4
–]5 Applications of [
n
Pr-DMQA+][BF4
–] in Red-Light-Induced Photocatalysis6 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gianetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona
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44
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Shu Z, Zhou J, Li J, Cheng Y, Liu H, Wang D, Zhou Y. Rh(III)-Catalyzed Dual C-H Functionalization/Cyclization Cascade by a Removable Directing Group: A Method for Synthesis of Polycyclic Fused Pyrano[ de]Isochromenes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12097-12107. [PMID: 32894019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An interesting Rh(III)-catalyzed dual C-H functionalization/cyclization cascade of azomethine imine with diazophosphonate by a removable directing group for the synthesis of highly fused pyrano[de]isochromene has been achieved. The transformation shows that the desired pyrano[de]isochromenes with two oxygen atoms on its core scaffold could be constructed with good to excellent yields (up to 86%) via a facile one-pot, multiple-step cascade reaction, along with broad generality and versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Shu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junyou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yilang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dechuan Wang
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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45
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Barsuk I, Lainé PP, Maurel F, Brémond É. Triangulenium dyes: the comprehensive photo-absorption and emission story of a versatile family of chromophores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:20673-20684. [PMID: 32895673 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02990d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The triangulenium dyes constitute a family of versatile chromophores whose impressive photo-absorption and emission properties are currently highlighted in numerous novel experimental applications. In this investigation, we provide a comprehensive TDDFT characterization of their spectroscopic properties elucidating the origin of their large and complex absorption and emission vibronic spectra spread over the (whole) visible region. More precisely, by benchmarking the performance of 10 commonly-used exchange-correlation density functionals belonging to different classes of approximation, we develop and validate a computational protocol allowing the accurate modeling of both the position and optical line-shape of their vibrationally-resolved absorption and emission band structures. We find that semilocal approximations provide the best estimate of the structure of the vibronic spectra, however they spuriously and strongly underestimate their position. We finally show that global-hybrid density functionals mixing between 20 and 30% of exact-like exchange are an excellent compromise to get a satisfactory estimate of both of these properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Barsuk
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France.
| | | | | | - Éric Brémond
- Université de Paris, ITODYS, CNRS, F-75006 Paris, France.
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46
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Marinova M, Pascal S, Guénée L, Besnard C, Shivachev B, Kostova K, Villani C, Franzini R, Dimitrov V, Lacour J. Synthesis, Resolution, Configurational Stability, and Properties of Cationic Functionalized [5]Helicenes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:11908-11923. [PMID: 32907321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward approach to the synthesis of two different series of cationic [5]helicenes has been achieved including, in dioxa series, the possibility to introduce aromatic functional groups at the periphery of the helical structure. While photophysical study highlights that the introduction of aryl substituents at position 23 of the helical moieties has a negligible impact on the optical properties, styryl substituents allow a welcoming extension of the conjugation pathways. Finally, a red shift of the optical properties was evidenced upon introduction of nitrogen atoms in the helicene scaffold, leading to particularly good fluorescence efficiencies in the red domain for a helicenic dye. Detailed information on racemization kinetics was collected for the most stable species upon direct high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) resolution or, when configurational lability was too high, through VT-HPLC analysis on the chiral stationary phase (ΔG‡ values ranging from 85.0 to 137.1 kJ·mol-1 and above).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Marinova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.,Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 9, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Simon Pascal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Boris Shivachev
- Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography "Acad. Ivan Kostov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 107, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Kalina Kostova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 9, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Claudio Villani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università "La Sapienza", 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Roberta Franzini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università "La Sapienza", 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Vladimir Dimitrov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. 9, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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47
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Casper LA, Wursthorn L, Geppert M, Roser P, Linseis M, Drescher M, Winter RF. 4-Ferrocenylphenyl-Substituted Tritylium Dyes with Open and Interlinked C +Ar 2 Entities: Redox Behavior, Electrochromism, and a Quantitative Study of the Dimerization of Their Neutral Radicals. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa A. Casper
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lukas Wursthorn
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marcel Geppert
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Patrick Roser
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Linseis
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Malte Drescher
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Rainer F. Winter
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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48
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Mei L, Veleta JM, Gianetti TL. Helical Carbenium Ion: A Versatile Organic Photoredox Catalyst for Red-Light-Mediated Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12056-12061. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyong Mei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - José M. Veleta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Thomas L. Gianetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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49
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Laursen BW, Bogh SA, Sørensen TJ. Long fluorescence lifetime triangulenium dyes in imaging and fluorescence polarization assay. Methods Enzymol 2020; 640:249-265. [PMID: 32560801 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2020.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of new fluorescent dyes-new fluorochromes-has a large potential to improve the established methods in enzymology, by empowering both detection capability and the scope of the individual method. Unfortunately, there are huge barriers when adopting new improved fluorescent dyes in established methods. The dyes have to be generally available, protocols for labeling and analysis must be in place, and the field has to be aware how the new improved dye can enhance their method of choice. In this chapter, we will address these issues for the triangulenium dyes. A class of dyes that has a long fluorescence lifetime and emission in the red. A unique combination that opens up new possibilities for the study of protein rotational motion, when developing fluorescence polarization (FP) assays, and for all time-resolved imaging or analysis platforms. To make these dyes generally available, the features of the long fluorescence lifetime triangulenium dyes are described and an optimized labelling protocol are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo W Laursen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sidsel A Bogh
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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50
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Shaikh AC, Veleta JM, Bloch J, Goodman HJ, Gianetti TL. Syntheses of Phosphonium Salts from Phosphines and Carbenium: Efficient CO2
Fixation and Phase-Transfer Catalysts. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aslam C. Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. 85719 Tucson AZ USA
| | - José M. Veleta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. 85719 Tucson AZ USA
| | - Jan Bloch
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Hannah J. Goodman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. 85719 Tucson AZ USA
| | - Thomas L. Gianetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. 85719 Tucson AZ USA
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