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Nagase C, Tanno M, Kouzu H, Miki T, Nishida J, Murakami N, Kokubu N, Nagano N, Nishikawa R, Yoshioka N, Tsuchida A, Kita H, Ohnishi H, Miura T. Is GLP-1 insufficiency a coronary risk factor? A multicenter observational study, BOREAS-CAD2. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aim
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) regulates insulin secretion and also affords pleiotropic effects including protective effects on blood vessels. Multiple factors regulate GLP-1 secretion after meals, but a group of apparently healthy subjects showed blunted responses of GLP-1 secretion in our previous study. In this study, we examined the possibility that the reduced capacity of GLP-1 secretion is associated with increased extent of coronary artery stenosis in non-diabetic patients.
Methods and results
Non-diabetic patients who were admitted for coronary angiography without a history of coronary interventions were enrolled. Coronary artery stenosis was quantified by Gensini score (GS), and GS ≥10 was used as an outcome variable based on results of earlier studies indicating its predictive value for cardiovascular events. The patients (mean age, 66.5±8.8 years; 71% males, n=173) underwent oral 75 g-glucose tolerant tests for determination of glucose, insulin and active GLP-1 levels. The area under the curve of plasma active GLP-1 (AUC-GLP-1) was determined as an index of GLP-1 secretion capacity. AUC-GLP-1 was not correlated with fasting glucose, AUC-glucose, serum lipids, indices of insulin sensitivity or estimated glomerular filtration rate. In multivariate logistic regression analysis for GS ≥10, AUC-GLP-1 < median, age and hypertension were selected as explanatory variables, though fasting GLP-1 level was not selected.
Conclusion
The findings indicate significant association of reduced GLP-1 secretion capacity with increased extent of coronary artery stenosis in non-diabetic patients. A causal relationship between change in GLP-1 secretion capacity and coronary stenosis remains to be examined by a longitudinal study
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): This study was supported in part by a research grant from Investigator-Initiated Studies Program of Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp./MSD K.K.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nagase
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Tanno
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Kouzu
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Miki
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - J Nishida
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Murakami
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Kokubu
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - N Nagano
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - N Yoshioka
- Sapporo Circulation Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - H Kita
- JCHO Hokushin Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Ohnishi
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Miura
- Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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Kitamoto Y, Oda K, Ogino K, Hiyama K, Kita H, Hattori T, Oi S. Synthesis of an azadioxa-planar triphenylborane and investigation of its structural and photophysical properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2297-2300. [PMID: 33533350 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08331c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report here the first successful synthesis of planar triphenylborane 1 with the phenyl groups bridged by oxygen and nitrogen atoms via double nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. The hetero atom-bridged 1 has excellent planarity. Its structural and photophysical properties are tunable by altering the bridging atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitamoto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - K Oda
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - K Ogino
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - K Hiyama
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - H Kita
- Advanced Technology Center, Corporate R&D Headquarters, KONICA MINOLTA, INC., 2970 Ishikawa-Machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8505, Japan
| | - T Hattori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - S Oi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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3
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Gorbe J, Lasobras J, Francés E, Herguido J, Menéndez M, Kumakiri I, Kita H. Preliminary study on the feasibility of using a zeolite A membrane in a membrane reactor for methanol production. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Kumakiri I, Tamura K, Sasaki Y, Tanaka K, Kita H. Influence of Iron Additive on the Hydrogen Separation Properties of Carbon Molecular Sieve Membranes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b05265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Kumakiri
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai Ube Yamaguchi, 755-8611 Japan
| | - K. Tamura
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai Ube Yamaguchi, 755-8611 Japan
| | - Y. Sasaki
- Japan Fine Ceramics Center, JFCC, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya, 456-8587 Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai Ube Yamaguchi, 755-8611 Japan
| | - H. Kita
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai Ube Yamaguchi, 755-8611 Japan
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5
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Uchida M, Anderson EL, Squillace DL, Patil N, Maniak PJ, Iijima K, Kita H, O'Grady SM. Oxidative stress serves as a key checkpoint for IL-33 release by airway epithelium. Allergy 2017; 72:1521-1531. [PMID: 28273344 DOI: 10.1111/all.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-33 is implicated in the pathophysiology of asthma and allergic diseases. However, our knowledge is limited regarding how IL-33 release is controlled. The transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in antioxidant response regulation. OBJECTIVE The goal of this project was to investigate the role of cellular oxidative stress in controlling IL-33 release in airway epithelium. METHODS Complementary approaches were used that included human bronchial epithelial cells and mouse models of airway type-2 immunity that were exposed to fungus Alternaria extract. The clinically available Nrf2 activator 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid methyl ester (CDDO-Me) was used to evaluate the role of Nrf2-induced antioxidant molecules. RESULTS Human bronchial epithelial cells produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) when they were exposed to Alternaria extract. ROS scavengers, such as glutathione (GSH) and N-acetyl cysteine, prevented extracellular secretion of ATP and increases in intracellular calcium concentrations that precede IL-33 release. Administration of CDDO-Me to mice enhanced expression of a number of antioxidant molecules in the lungs and elevated lung levels of endogenous GSH. Importantly, CDDO-Me treatment reduced allergen-induced ATP secretion and IL-33 release by airway epithelial cells in vitro and protected mice from IL-33 release and asthma-like pathological changes in the lungs. CONCLUSIONS The balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant responses plays a key role in controlling IL-33 release in airway epithelium. The therapeutic potential of Nrf2 activators needs to be considered for asthma and allergic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Uchida
- Division of Allergic Diseases; Department of Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
- Division of Hematology; Respiratory Medicine and Oncology; Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | | | - D. L. Squillace
- Division of Allergic Diseases; Department of Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | - N. Patil
- Departments of Integrated Biology and Physiology and Animal Science; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN USA
| | - P. J. Maniak
- Departments of Integrated Biology and Physiology and Animal Science; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN USA
| | - K. Iijima
- Division of Allergic Diseases; Department of Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | - H. Kita
- Division of Allergic Diseases; Department of Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
- Department of Immunology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | - S. M. O'Grady
- Departments of Integrated Biology and Physiology and Animal Science; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN USA
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6
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Sunadome H, Matsumoto H, Petrova G, Kanemitsu Y, Tohda Y, Horiguchi T, Kita H, Kuwabara K, Tomii K, Otsuka K, Fujimura M, Ohkura N, Tomita K, Yokoyama A, Ohnishi H, Nakano Y, Oguma T, Hozawa S, Nagasaki T, Ito I, Oguma T, Inoue H, Tajiri T, Iwata T, Izuhara Y, Ono J, Ohta S, Hirota T, Tamari M, Yokoyama T, Niimi A, Izuhara K, Mishima M. Cover Image. Clin Exp Allergy 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Sunadome H, Matsumoto H, Petrova G, Kanemitsu Y, Tohda Y, Horiguchi T, Kita H, Kuwabara K, Tomii K, Otsuka K, Fujimura M, Ohkura N, Tomita K, Yokoyama A, Ohnishi H, Nakano Y, Oguma T, Hozawa S, Nagasaki T, Ito I, Oguma T, Inoue H, Tajiri T, Iwata T, Izuhara Y, Ono J, Ohta S, Hirota T, Tamari M, Yokoyama T, Niimi A, Izuhara K, Mishima M. IL4Rα and ADAM33 as genetic markers in asthma exacerbations and type-2 inflammatory endotype. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:998-1006. [PMID: 28326636 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic markers of susceptibility to asthma exacerbations in adults remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To identify genetic markers of asthma exacerbations, particularly in patients with type-2 inflammatory endotype. METHODS In this observational study of patients enrolled in the Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference multicenter study, frequency of exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids during 2 years after enrolment and associated risk factors was determined. For genetic marker analysis, interleukin-4 receptor α (IL4RA) rs8832 and a disintegrin and metalloprotease 33 (ADAM33) S_2 (rs528557), T_1 (rs2280091), T_2 (rs2280090), and V_4 (rs2787094) variants were included. Elevated serum periostin levels at enrolment (≥95 ng/mL, defined as type-2 inflammatory endotype) were considered in the analysis. RESULTS Among 217 patients who were successfully followed up for 2 years after enrolment, 60 patients showed at least one asthma exacerbation during the 2 years. Airflow limitation (%FEV1 <80%) and recent exacerbations but not genetic variants were identified as risk markers of exacerbations. A total of 27 patients showed type-2 inflammatory endotype (serum periostin ≥95 ng/mL at enrolment) and subsequent exacerbations; risk factors in these patients were airflow limitation (odds ratio, 6.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.37-18.6; P=.0003), GG genotype of IL4RA rs8832 (odds ratio, 4.01; 95% CI: 1.47-11.0; P=.007), and A allele of ADAM33 T_2 (odds ratio, 2.81; 95% CI: 1.05-7.67; P=.04) by multivariate analysis. In addition, GG genotype of IL4RA rs8832 was associated with type-2 endotype, whereas A allele of ADAM33 T_2 was associated with mixed type of eosinophilic/type-2 and neutrophilic inflammations. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE IL4RA and ADAM33 variants may be risk markers of asthma exacerbations in type-2 inflammatory endotype. Precise endotyping may facilitate the identification of genetic risk markers of asthma exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sunadome
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan
| | - H Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan
| | - G Petrova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kanemitsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan
| | - Y Tohda
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Sayama, Japan
| | - T Horiguchi
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University Second Educational Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Kita
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Takatsuki Red Cross Hospital, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - K Kuwabara
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University Second Educational Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Tomii
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - K Otsuka
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Fujimura
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cellular Transplantation Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - N Ohkura
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cellular Transplantation Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - K Tomita
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Sayama, Japan
| | - A Yokoyama
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Respiratory Medicine, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - H Ohnishi
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Respiratory Medicine, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Y Nakano
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - T Oguma
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - S Hozawa
- Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Hiroshima Allergy and Respiratory Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Nagasaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - I Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Oguma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Inoue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Tajiri
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Iwata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Izuhara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Ono
- Shino-Test Corporation, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - S Ohta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - T Hirota
- Laboratory for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Core for Genomic Medicine, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan
| | - M Tamari
- Laboratory for Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Core for Genomic Medicine, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Yokohama, Japan
| | - T Yokoyama
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Japan
| | - A Niimi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology and Immunology, Nagoya City University School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Izuhara
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - M Mishima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Kinki Hokuriku Airway disease Conference (KiHAC), Sayama, Japan
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Sheen YH, Rajagopalan G, Snapper CM, Kita H, Wi CI, Umaretiya PJ, Juhn YJ. Influence of HLA-DR polymorphism and allergic sensitization on humoral immune responses to intact pneumococcus in a transgenic mouse model. HLA 2016; 88:25-34. [PMID: 27506953 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is independently associated with HLA-DR3 and increased risks of pneumococcal diseases. We aimed to determine whether HLA-DR polymorphism (HLA-DRB1*03), sensitization to house dust mite (HDM), or their interaction affects humoral immune responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide and protein antigens of intact pneumococci. Induction of serum titers of anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide and anti-surface protein IgM and IgG in response to immunization with intact pneumococci (Pn) serotype 14 was determined using humanized HLA-DR3 and DR2 transgenic mice. Transgenic mice were sensitized by injecting HDM and challenged with intranasal HDM. Mice were subsequently immunized with heat-killed Pn14 at day 24. Serum titers of anti-phosphorylcholine (PC) IgM and IgG, anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide, capsular type 14 (PPS14) IgM and IgG, and anti-pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) IgG were measured. We included a total of 44 mice (22 DR3 and 22 DR2 mice) and half of mice in each group were sensitized with HDM (i.e. 22 HDM-sensitized and 22 control mice). HDM-sensitized mice, irrespective of HLA-DR polymorphism, had significantly lower humoral immune responses. HLA-DR3 mice, irrespective of HDM sensitization, elicited a significantly lower anti-PC IgG response. In contrast, the anti-PspA IgG response was higher in DR3 relative to DR2 mice. The effect of HDM sensitization on lowering humoral immune responses to Pn14 was observed in DR3 mice regardless of the nature of the antigen, whereas such decreases were observed only for the anti-PPS14 IgG and anti-PC IgM responses in DR2 mice. HDM sensitization lowered humoral immune responses to intact pneumococcus and this effect was significantly modified by the HLA-DR polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Sheen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G Rajagopalan
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - C M Snapper
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H Kita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - C-I Wi
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - P J Umaretiya
- Children's Hospital Primary Care Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y J Juhn
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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9
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Anderson EL, Kobayashi T, Iijima K, Bartemes KR, Chen CC, Kita H. IL-33 mediates reactive eosinophilopoiesis in response to airborne allergen exposure. Allergy 2016; 71:977-88. [PMID: 26864308 DOI: 10.1111/all.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to aeroallergens induces eosinophilic airway inflammation in patients with asthma and allergic airway diseases. The circulating number of eosinophils in peripheral blood is relatively small, leading us to hypothesize that bone marrow needs to be engaged quickly to meet the demands of the tissues. METHODS To investigate the communication between the lungs and bone marrow, we used acute allergen exposure and airway inflammation models in mice. Gene-deficient mice and cytokine reporter mice as well as in vitro cell culture models were used to dissect the mechanisms. RESULTS Naïve BALB/c mice produced increased numbers of eosinophil precursors and mature eosinophils in the bone marrow when their airways were exposed to a common fungal allergen, Alternaria alternata. Expression of IL-5 and IL-33 increased rapidly in the lungs, but not in the bone marrow. Sera from allergen-exposed mice promoted eosinophilopoiesis in bone marrow cells from naïve mice, which was blocked by anti-IL-5 antibody. Mice deficient in the IL-33 receptor ST2 (i.e., Il1rl1(-/-) mice) were unable to increase their serum levels of IL-5 and allergen-induced eosinophilopoiesis in the bone marrow after allergen exposure. Finally, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in the lungs showed robust expression of IL-5 after Alternaria exposure. CONCLUSIONS These finding suggests that lung IL-33, through innate activation of ILC2s and their production of IL-5, plays a key role in promoting acute reactive eosinophilopoiesis in the bone marrow when naïve animals are exposed to airborne allergens. Therefore, bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis may be affected by atmospheric environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T. Kobayashi
- Division of Allergic Diseases; Department of Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | - K. Iijima
- Division of Allergic Diseases; Department of Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | | | - C.-C. Chen
- Department of Immunology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | - H. Kita
- Department of Immunology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
- Division of Allergic Diseases; Department of Internal Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
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10
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Divekar RD, Samant S, Rank MA, Hagan J, Lal D, O'Brien EK, Kita H. Immunological profiling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps reveals distinct VEGF and GM-CSF signatures during symptomatic exacerbations. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 45:767-78. [PMID: 25429844 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms and immune pathways associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are not fully understood. Immunological changes during acute exacerbation of CRS may provide valuable clues to the pathogenesis and perpetuation of the disease. OBJECTIVE To characterize local and systemic immune responses associated with acute worsening of sinonasal symptoms during exacerbation in CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) compared to controls. METHODS This was a non-interventional prospective study of individuals with CRSwNP and normal controls. Subjects underwent a baseline visit with collection of nasal secretions, nasal washes, and serum specimens. Within 3 days of acute worsening of sinonasal symptoms, subjects underwent a study visit, followed by a post-visit 2 weeks later. The sinonasal outcome test-22 (SNOT-22) scores and immunological parameters in the specimens were analysed using a novel, unsupervised learning method and by conventional univariate analysis. RESULTS Both CRSwNP patients and control subjects showed a significant increase in SNOT-22 scores during acute exacerbation. Increased nasal levels of IL-6, IL-5, and eosinophil major basic protein were observed in CRSwNP patients. A network analysis of serum specimens revealed changes in a set of immunological parameters, which are distinctly associated with CRSwNP but not with controls. In particular, systemic increases in VEGF and GM-CSF levels were notable and were validated by a conventional analysis. CONCLUSIONS CRSwNP patients demonstrate distinct immunological changes locally and systemically during acute exacerbation. Growth factors VEGF and GM-CSF may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of subjects with CRS and nasal polyps experiencing exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Divekar
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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11
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Kay AB, Ying S, Ardelean E, Mlynek A, Kita H, Clark P, Maurer M. Calcitonin gene-related peptide and vascular endothelial growth factor are expressed in lesional but not uninvolved skin in chronic spontaneous urticaria. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 44:1053-60. [PMID: 24902612 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms for producing weals in chronic spontaneous (idiopathic) urticaria (CSU) are incompletely understood. Leucocyte infiltration with vascular leakage and expression of the potent vasoactive agents' calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are features of late-phase allergic skin reactions, previously proposed as a model of CSU. OBJECTIVE To measure CGRP and VEGF expression in lesional and non-lesional skin from CSU patients and to compare results with a control group. METHODS Eight paired biopsies (one from 4-8 h spontaneous weals and one from uninvolved skin) were taken from eight patients with CSU and nine control subjects and studied by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. RESULTS Lesional skin in CSU contained significantly more CGRP+ and VEGF+ cells than non-lesional skin. No significant differences were observed in CGRP and VEGF expression between non-lesional skin and controls. In lesional skin, VEGF and CGRP co-localised to UEA-1+ blood vessels. CGRP was also expressed by neutrophils and eosinophils and to a lesser extent by CD90(+) fibroblasts, mast cells, CD3(+) and CD68(+) cells. CGRP and VEGF expression was not related to the duration of disease. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Increased expression of CGRP and VEGF in lesional, but not uninvolved, skin indicates that these potent vasoactive agents may play a role in wealing and tissue oedema in CSU so representing novel targets in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Kay
- Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Makino S, Kita H, Miyatake Y, Yokoyama T, Kubota K, Obata N, Egi M, Misumi T, Izuta S, Mizobuchi S. Comparison between nafamostat mesilate and unfractionated heparin as anticoagulant during continuous renal replacement therapy. Crit Care 2015. [PMCID: PMC4470927 DOI: 10.1186/cc14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Drake LY, Iijima K, Kita H. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells and CD4+ T cells cooperate to mediate type 2 immune response in mice. Allergy 2014; 69:1300-7. [PMID: 24939388 DOI: 10.1111/all.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play important roles in innate immunity and tissue remodeling via production of various cytokines and growth factors. Group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) were recently shown to mediate the immune pathology of asthma even without adaptive immunity. However, little is known about possible interactions between ILC2s and other immune cells. We sought to investigate the capacity of ILC2s to regulate effector functions of T cells. METHODS We isolated ILC2s from the lungs of naïve mice. We cultured CD4(+) T cells with ILC2s in vitro and examined the functions of these cell types. The mechanisms were investigated using blocking antibodies and cells isolated from cytokine-deficient mice. For the in vivo study, we adoptively transferred ILC2s and CD4(+) T cells into Il7ra(-/-) mice and subsequently exposed the mice to ovalbumin and a cysteine protease. RESULTS Lung ILC2s enhanced CD4(+) T-cell proliferation and promoted production of type 2 cytokines in vitro. The interaction between ILC2s and CD4(+) T cells involved costimulatory molecule OX40L and cytokine IL-4, which was mainly derived from ILC2s. Adoptive transfer of both ILC2 and CD4(+) T-cell populations, but not each population alone, into Il7ra(-/-) mice resulted in induction of a robust antigen-specific type 2 cytokine response and airway inflammation. CONCLUSION Lung ILC2s function to promote adaptive immunity in addition to their established roles in innate immunity. This novel function of ILC2s needs to be taken into account when considering the pathophysiology of asthma and other allergic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Y. Drake
- Division of Allergic Diseases and Department of Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | - K. Iijima
- Division of Allergic Diseases and Department of Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
| | - H. Kita
- Division of Allergic Diseases; Departments of Medicine and Department of Immunology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN USA
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Kay AB, Ying S, Ardelean E, Mlynek A, Kita H, Clark P, Maurer M. Elevations in vascular markers and eosinophils in chronic spontaneous urticarial weals with low-level persistence in uninvolved skin. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:505-11. [PMID: 24665899 PMCID: PMC4282040 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) mast cell activation together with inflammatory changes in the skin are well documented and may play an important role in mechanisms of tissue oedema. OBJECTIVES To confirm and extend these observations by measuring microvascular markers, leucocytes and mast cell numbers in lesional and uninvolved skin and to compare findings with a control group. METHODS Paired biopsies (one from 4-8-h spontaneous weals and one from uninvolved skin) were taken from eight patients with CSU and nine control subjects and studied using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy using the lectin Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA-1). RESULTS Lesional skin in CSU contained significantly more CD31+ endothelial cells; CD31+ blood vessels, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and macrophages; and CD3+ T cells than nonlesional skin. Increased vascularity was confirmed by confocal imaging using the lectin UEA-1. Uninvolved skin from CSU contained significantly more CD31+ endothelial cells, CD31+ blood vessels and eosinophils compared with the control subjects. There was a threefold increase in mast cell numbers when CSU was compared with controls but no difference was observed between lesional and uninvolved skin. CONCLUSIONS Increased vascular markers together with eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration are features of lesional skin in CSU and might contribute to tissue oedema. Eosinophils and microvascular changes persist in uninvolved skin, which, together with increased mast cells, suggests that nonlesional skin is primed for further wealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Kay
- Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K
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Izuhara Y, Matsumoto H, Kanemitsu Y, Izuhara K, Tohda Y, Horiguchi T, Kita H, Kuwabara K, Tomii K, Otsuka K, Fujimura M, Ohkura N, Tomita K, Yokoyama A, Ohnishi H, Nakano Y, Oguma T, Hozawa S, Nagasaki T, Ito I, Oguma T, Inoue H, Tajiri T, Iwata T, Ono J, Ohta S, Tamari M, Hirota T, Yokoyama T, Niimi A, Mishima M. GLCCI1 variant accelerates pulmonary function decline in patients with asthma receiving inhaled corticosteroids. Allergy 2014; 69:668-73. [PMID: 24673601 DOI: 10.1111/all.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In steroid-naive patients with asthma, several gene variants are associated with a short-term response to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment; this has mostly been observed in Caucasians. However, not many studies have been conducted for other ethnicities. Here, we aimed to determine the relationship between the annual decline in forced expiratory flow volume in one second (FEV1 ) and the variant of the glucocorticoid-induced transcript 1 gene (GLCCI1) in Japanese patients with asthma receiving long-term ICS treatment, taking into account the effect of high serum periostin levels, a known association factor of pulmonary function decline and a marker of refractory eosinophilic/Th2 inflammation. METHODS In this study, 224 patients with asthma receiving ICS treatment for at least 4 years were enrolled. The effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GLCCI1, stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1), and T gene on the decline in FEV1 of 30 ml/year or greater were determined. RESULTS Besides the known contributing factors, that is, the most intensive treatment step, ex-smoking, and high serum periostin levels (≥95 ng/ml), the GG genotype of GLCCI1 rs37973, and not other SNPs, was independently associated with a decline in FEV1 of 30 ml/year or greater. When patients were stratified according to their serum periostin levels, the GG genotype of rs37973 was significantly associated with blood eosinophilia (≥250/μl) in the high serum periostin group. CONCLUSIONS A GLCCI1 variant is a risk factor of pulmonary function decline in Japanese patients with asthma receiving long-term ICS treatment. Thus, GLCCI1 may be associated with response to ICS across ethnicities.
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Abe K, Isono A, Ebato T, Yamamoto T, Ishii T, Kita H, Kuyama Y, Kondo F. Identification of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Endoscopy 2014; 45 Suppl 2 UCTN:E294-5. [PMID: 24008473 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1344587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Babiceanu MC, Howard BA, Rumore AC, Kita H, Lawrence CB. Analysis of global gene expression changes in human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to spores of the allergenic fungus, Alternaria alternata. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:196. [PMID: 23882263 PMCID: PMC3715730 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure and sensitivity to ubiquitous airborne fungi such as Alternaria alternata have long been implicated in the development, onset, and exacerbation of chronic allergic airway disorders. This present study is the first to investigate global changes in host gene expression during the interaction of cultured human bronchial epithelial cells and live Alternaria spores. In in vitro experiments human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were exposed to spores or media alone for 24 h. RNA was collected from three biological replicates per treatment and was used to assess changes in gene expression patterns using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Arrays. In cells treated with Alternaria spores compared to controls, 613 probe sets representing 460 individual genes were found differentially expressed (p ≤ 0.05). In this set of 460 statistically significant, differentially expressed genes, 397 genes were found to be up-regulated and 63 were down-regulated. Of these 397 up-regulated genes, 156 genes were found to be up-regulated ≥2 fold. Interestingly, none of the 63 down-regulated genes were found differentially expressed at ≤−2 fold. Differentially expressed genes were identified following statistical analysis and subsequently used for pathway and network evaluation. Interestingly, many cytokine and chemokine immune response genes were up-regulated with a particular emphasis on interferon-inducible genes. Genes involved in cell death, retinoic acid signaling, and TLR3 response pathways were also significantly up-regulated. Many of the differentially up-regulated genes have been shown in other systems to be associated with innate immunity, inflammation and/or allergic airway diseases. This study now provides substantial information for further investigating specific genes and innate immune system pathways activated by Alternaria in the context of allergic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Babiceanu
- Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Zhao H, Jung JA, Briles DE, Kita H, Tsigrelis C, Juhn YJ. Asthma and antibodies to pneumococcal virulence proteins. Infection 2013; 41:927-34. [PMID: 23749296 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-013-0482-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously reported that asthmatics had lower anti-serotype-specific pneumococcal polysaccharide antibody levels than non-asthmatics, and the T-helper 2 (Th2) immune profile was associated with suboptimal pneumococcal polysaccharide antibody. Our objective was to determine the influence of asthma status on anti-pneumococcal protein antigen antibody levels. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study, which enrolled 16 children and adults with asthma and 14 subjects without asthma. Asthma was ascertained by predetermined criteria. Serum IgG antibody levels to pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC), pneumococcal choline-binding protein A (PcpA), and pneumolysin (PLY) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). These antibody levels were compared between asthmatics and non-asthmatics. The Th2 immune profile was determined by IL-5 secretion from PBMCs cultured with house dust mite (HDM) and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) at day 7. The correlation between the anti-pneumococcal antibody levels and the Th2-HDM and SEB-responsive immune profile was assessed. RESULTS Of the 30 subjects, 16 (53%) were male and the median age was 26 years. There were no significant differences in anti-PspA, anti-PspC, anti-PcpA, and anti-PLY antibody levels between asthmatics and non-asthmatics. The Th2 immune profile was inversely correlated with the anti-PspC antibody levels (r = -0.53, p = 0.003). This correlation was significantly modified by asthma status (r = -0.74, p = 0.001 for asthmatics vs. r = -0.06, p = 0.83 for non-asthmatics). Other pneumococcal protein antibodies were not correlated with the Th2 immune profile. CONCLUSION No significant differences in the anti-pneumococcal protein antigen antibody levels between asthmatics and non-asthmatics were found. Asthma status is an important effect modifier determining the negative influence of the Th2 immune profile on anti-PspC antibody levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- Division of Community Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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Seno S, Iijima K, O'Grady S, Kita H. Cysteine Proteases Induce Production and Extracellular Release of IL-33 in Airway Epithelial Cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Soma T, Kobayashi T, Seno S, Kita H. Extracellular Release of Endogenous ATP Mediates Eosinophil Recognition of Fungal Products and Degranulation Response. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hara K, Iijima K, Kobayashi T, Kephart G, Kita H. IL-33 Mediates Both Innate and Adaptive Th2-type Responses Induced by Proteases in the Airway. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kobayashi T, Iijima K, Kita H. Exposure to IL-1-Family Cytokines Regulates Differential Development of Antigen-Specific Th2 Cells and T Follicular Helper (Tfh) Cells in the Airway. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kato M, Ishioka T, Kita H, Kozawa K, Hayashi Y, Kimura H. Eosinophil Granular Proteins Specifically Major Basic Protein Damage Bronchial Epithelial Cells Infected with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jaeger D, Kita H. Functional connectivity and integrative properties of globus pallidus neurons. Neuroscience 2011; 198:44-53. [PMID: 21835227 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The globus pallidus consists of the external (GPe) and the internal (GPi) segments. The GPe and GPi have different functional roles. The GPe is located centrally within multiple basal ganglia feedforward and feedback connections. The GPi is an output nucleus of the basal ganglia. A complex interplay between intrinsic pacemaking conductances and the balance of glutamatergic and GABAergic input largely determines the rate and pattern of firing of pallidal neurons. The initial part of this article introduces recent findings made in vivo that are related to the roles of glutamatergic and GABAergic inputs in the control of pallidal activity. The latter part describes the roles of intrinsic mechanisms of GPe neurons in the integration of the synaptic inputs. The presence of dendritic voltage-gated sodium channels may allow the initiation of dendritic spikes, giving distal inputs on the long and thin GPe dendrites an opportunity to strongly shape spiking activity. Basal ganglia disorders including Parkinson's disease, hemiballismus, and dystonias are accompanied by increased irregularity and synchronized bursts of pallidal activity. These changes may be in part due to changes in the GABA release in the GPe and GPi, but also involve intrinsic cellular changes in pallidal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jaeger
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Rajagopalan G, Tilahun AY, Iijima K, David CS, Kita H, Juhn YJ. HLA-DR polymorphism modulates response to house dust mites in a transgenic mouse model of airway inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 77:589-92. [PMID: 21447115 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2010.01617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We and others have reported that HLA-DRB1*03 is associated with childhood asthma. To extend this observation and to prove this association, we sensitized and challenged either HLA-DR2 (HLA-DRB1*1502) or HLA-DR3 (HLA-DRB1*0301) transgenic mice with house-dust mite extract. Inflammatory cell counts and cytokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid between HLA-DR3 and DR2 mice were compared. HLA-DR3 transgenic mice had significantly elevated eosinophil counts, Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 levels in the BAL fluid but not interferron gamma-γ. Thus, our study suggests that HLA-DRB1*0301 plays an important role in mounting a Th2-predominant immune response to house dust mite and Th2-type inflammation in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rajagopalan
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Elias M, Squillace D, Kita H. Intranasal Eosinophilic Major Basic Protein May Have A Role As A Biological Marker For Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lee J, Zhao H, Fenta Y, Kita H, Kumar R, Juhn Y. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D is Positively Associated with Enhanced Pnuemococcal Antibody Titers in Individuals with Atopic Conditions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kobayashi T, Iijima K, Checkel J, Kita H. IL-4 Plays a Pivotal Role in Regulating the Development of Th2 and Th17 Responses in the Airways. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ikezawa K, Naito M, Yumiba T, Iwahashi K, Onishi Y, Kita H, Nishio A, Kanno T, Matsuura T, Ono A, Chiba M, Mizuno T, Aketa H, Maeda K, Michida T, Katayama K. Splenectomy and antiviral treatment for thrombocytopenic patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Viral Hepat 2010; 17:488-92. [PMID: 19840366 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Thrombocytopenic patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are poor candidates for antiviral treatment with interferon (IFN), but no standard treatment for thrombocytopenia has yet been established. We evaluated the safety of splenectomy and its efficacy for the initiation and continuation of antiviral therapy. From March 2003 to April 2006, 10 patients (mean age 62.5 years) with HCV-related cirrhosis, low platelet count (<==106 000/mm(3)) and splenomegaly (spleen size >==10 cm) underwent splenectomy. Platelet counts significantly increased at 4-8 weeks after splenectomy [pre: 64 200 +/- 6900/mm(3)vs post 209 000 +/- 40 600/mm(3) (P = 0.004)]. No severe operative complications were observed. All patients subsequently received antiviral therapy. Of the eight patients who were infected with HCV genotype 1 and had a high viral load (>==100 KIU/mL), four received combination therapy with pegylated IFNalpha-2b plus ribavirin, and the other four received standard IFNalpha-2b plus ribavirin. One patient infected with HCV genotype 2 and another with HCV genotype 1 and a low viral load (<100 KIU/mL) were treated with pegylated IFNalpha-2a. Six patients achieved sustained virologic response (SVR). Among four patients who failed to achieve SVR, one was given retreatment with pegylated IFN plus ribavirin, and the other three received low-dose long-term IFN therapy. Although this study was small, the treatment results were similar to those for patients without thrombocytopenia and suggested that splenectomy would not reduce the antiviral efficacy of IFNalpha-based treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ikezawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Koseinenkin Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Cohen I, Kita H, Van Der Kloot W. The intervals between miniature end-plate potentials in the frog are unlikely to be independently or exponentially distributed. J Physiol 2010; 236:327-39. [PMID: 16992437 PMCID: PMC1350804 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1974.sp010437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1. It has been suggested that spontaneous quantal release of transmitter at the neuromuscular junction is a Poisson process. One logical argument against accepting the Poisson hypothesis is that so far relatively few intervals between miniature end-plate potentials (min.e.p.p.s) have been studied in any single experiment. Release is known to occur from many sites on the nerve terminal, so many intervals must be studied before drawing any conclusions about the timing of release from the individual sites. Moreover, the statistical methods that have been used are relatively insensitive to deviations from Poisson predictions.2. The Poisson hypothesis is evaluated with respect to three major criteria:(a) The fit to the exponential distribution is analysed by five goodness of fit tests which were applied to eleven sets of data, showing that it is unlikely that the data sets were generated by an exponential distribution.(b) The independence of intervals is assessed in two ways. First, the autocorrelogram of intervals is constructed. This shows an excess of significant positive correlations beyond the 5% limits of the Poisson expectation. Secondly, the unsmoothed power spectrum is calculated, and compared to the Poisson prediction by means of the modified mean test. Again, most sets deviate significantly from the Poisson expectation. It is unlikely that the intervals are independent.(c) The possibility of simultaneous occurrences is evaluated by construction of the amplitude histogram of min.e.p.p.s. In all sets the Poisson prediction for the frequency of multiples of the unit height was exceeded by the empirical data sets. The over-all conclusion is that the process which generates spontaneous releases is unlikely to be Poisson.
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Cohen I, Kita H, Van Der Kloot W. The stochastic properties of spontaneous quantal release of transmitter at the frog neuromuscular junction. J Physiol 2010; 236:341-61. [PMID: 16992438 PMCID: PMC1350805 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1974.sp010438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Earlier results showed that it is unlikely that spontaneous quantal release of transmitter at the frog neuromuscular junction is produced by a Poisson process.2. Data sets were tested, by using the u statistic, to see whether if they are assumed to be generated by a Poisson process, the mean interval is changing monotonically with time. By this critieria, some of the data sets are stationary, others are not.3. A variety of mathematical transforms are employed on empirical data sets to characterize the properties of the spontaneous quantal release.(a) The intensity function, which calculates the frequency distribution of all possible combinations of intervals, shows an excess of short intervals, without any sign of periodicity.(b) The variance-time curve, which estimates the accumulated variance of the series as a function of time into the series, lies significantly above the Poisson prediction.(c) The power spectrum, whether calculated on the intervals or on the number of intervals in time bins, deviates significantly from the Poisson prediction at the low frequencies.(d) The ln-survivor curve has two phases: a concave section for the short intervals, and a roughly linear section for the intervals of greater length.These transforms indicate that the min.e.p.p.s are clustered.4. A series of models for spontaneous quantal release were considered.(a) A Poisson model. Rejected because of consistent failure to fit the data.(b) A periodic model. Rejected because the intervals should be ordered rather than clustered.(c) A time-dependent model, in which quantal release is governed by a Poisson process with a mean interval that is oscillating in time. This model will generate clustering; by the transforms the model can be shown to closely fit the data. However, an autocorrelation of min.e.p.p. amplitudes shows that there is a relationship between the amplitudes and their position in the series. This is not predicted by the time-dependent oscillating model.(d) A branching Poisson model, in which a primary release, generated by a Poisson process, is likely to be followed by one or more subsidiary releases from the same site. The parameters of the branching model can be determined from ln-survivor curves. Theoretical curves, created with these parameters, give power spectra, variance-time curves, and ln-survivor curves that strongly resemble those calculated from the data. The model also predicts a significant autocorrelation of amplitudes.5. Min.e.p.p.s recorded with an extracellular electrode also fit well to a branching Poisson model.6. The effects of raised [Ca(2+)](o) on the intervals between min.e.p.p.s were studied. In our experiments the change in extracellular solution did not produce any notable change in release statistics.7. The effects of elevated [K(+)](o) on the intervals between spontaneous releases were studied. Depolarization of the nerve terminal increases the frequency of primary releases and decreases the chance of having subsidiary releases.8. Possible physical mechanisms by which quantal release of transmitter from a nerve terminal would fit a branching Poisson model are described.
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Abstract
1. Miniature excitatory junctional potentials (min.e.j.p.s) were recorded with an intracellular electrode from the adductor muscle of the dactyl of the first or second walking leg of the crayfish, Orconectes virilis.2. The intervals between the min.e.j.p.s were compared to the exponential prediction by five goodness of fit tests. The results indicate that the intervals are not exponentially distributed.3. The autocorrelogram of intervals shows that the intervals are unlikely to be independent.4. A stochastic analysis that includes the power spectrum of intervals, the variance-time curve, and the ln-survivor curve suggest that there is a clustering of min.e.j.p.s. The results are similar to those on the frog neuromuscular junction.5. An autocorrelogram of the min.e.j.p. amplitudes suggests that sizes are not independently distributed.6. These results, which are similar to those previously reported from the frog neuromuscular junction, support the use of the branching Poisson process as a theoretical model for the stochastic properties of spontaneous quantal release of transmitter.
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Nonaka K, Ishikawa K, Arai S, Shimizu M, Sakurai T, Nishimura M, Nakao M, Sasaki Y, Kita H. Magnifying endoscopic observation of mantle cell lymphoma in the stomach using the narrow-band imaging system. Endoscopy 2010; 42 Suppl 2:E94-5. [PMID: 20195984 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Nonaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
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Kobayashi T, Iijima K, Checkel J, Kita H. Airway Exposure to IL-33 Induces IL-5-dominant Th2-type Immune Responses to Inhaled Antigens and Asthma-like Pathology. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kouzaki H, Iijima K, Kobayashi T, O'Grady S, Kita H. Stressed Airway Epithelial Cells Release a Nuclear Alarmin IL-33 and Trigger Th2-type Immune Responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Straumann A, Conus S, Grzonka P, Kita H, Kephart G, Bussmann C, Beglinger C, Smith DA, Patel J, Byrne M, Simon HU. Anti-interleukin-5 antibody treatment (mepolizumab) in active eosinophilic oesophagitis: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Gut 2010; 59:21-30. [PMID: 19828470 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2009.178558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoO) is a clinicopathological condition defined by proton pump inhibitor-refractory oesophageal symptoms combined with oesophageal eosinophilia. The pharmacodynamic effect of mepolizumab (a humanised anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody) in EoO was evaluated. METHODS Eleven adults with active EoO (>20 peak eosinophil number/high power field (hpf) and dysphagia) were randomised to 750 mg of mepolizumab (n = 5) or placebo (n = 6) and received two intravenous infusions, 1 week apart. Those not in complete remission (<5 peak eosinophil number/hpf) after 8 weeks received two further doses 4 weeks apart, 1500 mg of mepolizumab or placebo. The effect of mepolizumab was assessed clinically, endoscopically, histologically, and via blood and tissue biomarkers. RESULTS As assessed by immunofluorescence, a marked reduction of mean oesophageal eosinophilia (p = 0.03) was seen in the mepolizumab group (-54%) compared with the placebo group (-5%) 4 weeks after initiation of treatment. No further reduction of eosinophil numbers was observed in response to the two additional infusions in either group. Mepolizumab reduced tenascin C (p = 0.033) and transforming growth factor beta1 (p = 0.05) expression in the oesophageal epithelial layer 13 weeks after initiation of treatment. Clinically, limited improvement of symptoms was seen, although a trend was seen between 4 and 13 weeks after initiation of mepolizumab treatment. Mepolizumab was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Mepolizumab significantly reduced eosinophil numbers in oesophageal tissues in adult patients with active EoO, and changes in the expression of molecules associated with oesophageal remodelling were reversed. Minimal clinical improvement was achieved in a subgroup of patients with EoO. Mepolizumab had an acceptable safety profile, even at the high 1500 mg dose level. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00274703.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Straumann
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kantonsspital, Olten, Switzerland
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Kang CI, Rouse MS, Patel R, Kita H, Juhn YJ. Allergic airway inflammation and susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia in a murine model with real-time in vivo evaluation. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 156:552-61. [PMID: 19438610 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03925.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between allergic airway inflammation and pneumococcal pneumonia is not well understood. We assessed susceptibility to experimental pneumococcal pneumonia in mice with and without allergic airway inflammation. Susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia was evaluated by challenging mice with a bioluminescent Streptococcus pneumoniae strain after sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA), with subsequent monitoring of pneumococcal infection using real-time photonic imaging. Of 46 OVA-sensitized mice challenged with pneumococci, 13 (28%) developed imaging findings consistent with pneumococcal pneumonia. In comparison, 28 (57%) of 49 non-sensitized control mice developed pneumococcal pneumonia (P = 0.005). While none of the control group developed meningitis (0%, none of 28), two mice in the OVA-sensitized group developed meningitis (15.4%, two of 13) (P = 0.09). The mean bacterial count in the lung was significantly lower in the OVA-sensitized than the non-sensitized group (8.26 +/- 0.69 versus 9.21 +/- 0.67 log(10) colony-forming units (CFU)/g, P = 0.002). There was a trend towards the mean bacterial count in the spleen being higher in the OVA-sensitized versus the non-sensitized group (8.14 +/- 0.89 versus 7.45 +/- 1.07 log(10) CFU/g, P = 0.071). A high level of interleukin (IL)-4 in lung homogenates was associated with risk of pneumococcal infection independent of sensitization with OVA (odds ratio: 49.7, 95% confidence interval 2.92-846.5, per increment of 1.0 pg/ml). In the murine model studied, acute allergic airway inflammation reduced susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia. IL-4 may increase the risk of pneumococcal pneumonia independently of allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-I Kang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Kita H, Checkel J, Iijima K, Radhakrishnan S, Van Keulen V, Mcclimon B, Kobayashi T, Plager D, Pease L. Allergen-specific IgE, IgG, and Th2-type Cytokine Responses are Effectively Downregulated by Immunotherapy with the Novel Dendritic Cell (DC)-Stimulating Antibody, B7-DCXAb. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Karakelides M, Iijima K, Checkel J, Kobayashi T, Kita H. Airway Exposure to Papain, a Cysteine Protease, Induces Allergic Inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yoo K, Kita H, Jacobson R, Yawn B, Mcgree M, Weaver A, Juhn Y. Asthma Status and Pneumococcal Pneumonia: A population-based case-control study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Matsuwaki Y, Lawrence C, Kita H. An Exogenous Glycosidase, Xylanase, Induces Human Eosinophil Degranulation Through Protease-Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kouzaki H, O'Grady S, Kita H. Airway Epithelial Cells Recognize Protease Activities in Allergens and Produce Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kobayashi T, Iijima K, Checkel J, Kita H. Eosinophils Are Not Involved in the Sensitization Phase of Allergic Responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Rank M, Kabayashi T, Bartemes K, Kita H. Activation of Dendritic Cells by IL-33 Initiates a Th2 Response. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jung J, Kita H, Mann R, Tsigrelis C, Baddour L, Jacobson R, Boyce T, Juhn Y. Assessment of the Influence of Asthma Status on Serotype-Specific Antibody Response to Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Antigens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Katsuragi N, Shiraishi Y, Kita H, Toishi M, Onda T, Tanaka S. [Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer completely resected after induction therapy]. Kyobu Geka 2008; 61:9-14. [PMID: 18186266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed 8 patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer who responded to chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy and underwent complete resection between June 2003 and June 2005. The patients were all male with a mean age of 61 years (range, 42 to 72 years). Histological subtypes included adenocarcinoma in 4 patients and squamous cell carcinoma in 4 patients. Clinical staging included T2N2M0 in 3 patients, T2N3M0 in 2 patients, and 1 patient each for T3N2M0, T4N2M0, and T4N3M0. Preoperative treatment included chemotherapy in 5 patients and chemoradiotherapy in 3 patients, all of whom had a partial response. Surgical procedures included lobectomy in 6 patients and pneumonectomy in 2 patients. In addition, all of the patients underwent mediastinal lymph node dissection (ND2a). Pathological effect included Ef. 0 in 1 patient, Ef. 1 in 2 patients, Ef. 2 in 2 patients, Ef. 3 in 3 patients. The median survival time from initial treatment (or surgery) was 16 (14) months in all cases, 22 (19) for ycN0, 12 (8) for ycN2, 31 (27) for Ef. 3, 13 (9) for Ef. 0-2, 27 (23) for pN0, 13 (9) for pN1-3, 31 (27) for chemoradiotherapy, 16 (13) for chemotherapy, 24 (21) for adenocarcinoma, and 15 (11) for squamous cell carcinoma. Multimodality treatment, including surgery, is beneficial for patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer who respond to chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, especially those patients with ycN0 or pN0.
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Kita H, Koshiishi Y, Masui K, Fujita A, Ootsuka K, Furuyashiki G, Nakazato Y, Takei H, Goya T. [Risk factors of recurrence in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer]. Kyobu Geka 2007; 60:883-7. [PMID: 17877005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed risk factors of recurrence in resected pathological stage I non-small cell lung cancer (I NSCLC). Objective is 229 complete resected I NSCLC in our department. Risk factors of recurrence were carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), histology, differentiation, lymphatic invasion, blood vessel invasion, pleural invasion and tumor size. By univariate analysis, lymphatic invasion (p=0.009), blood vessel invasion (p=0.008), pleural invasion, p1 (p=0.013), p2 (p=0.001), and tumor size (value of cut off was 2 cm) were significant risk factors of recurrence. By multivariate analysis, blood vessel invasion (p=0.004), pleural invasion (p1 or p2) [p=0.001], were significantly risk factors of recurrence. It was suggested that I NSCLC presenting pathological blood vessel invasion and/or pleural invasion should be recognized as cases with a high risk of recurrence, and a strict follow-up and adjuvant therapy should be in consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kita
- Section of Chest Surgery, Fukujuji Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
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Kobayashi Y, Yasuba H, Kudou M, Hamada K, Kita H. Esophageal candidiasis as a side effect of inhaled fluticasone propionate dry powder: recovery by switching over to hydrofluoroalkane-134a beclomethasone dipropionate (HFA-BDP). Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007; 44:193-7. [PMID: 16724573 DOI: 10.5414/cpp44193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal candidiasis is one of the local side effects of inhaled corticosteroid treatment, and it is difficult to prevent this condition. Our previous report indicated that the prevalence of esophageal candidiasis among patients treated with inhaled fluticasone propionate dry powder (FP-dp) reached up to 37% in Japanese patients. Although a reduction in the daily dose of inhaled FP-dp can eliminate this infection, it may lead to asthma not being well-controlled in these patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to estimate whether switching to an equal daily dose of inhaled hydrofluoroalkane-134a beclomethasone dipropionate (HFA-BDP), the oropharyngeal deposition of which is very low, can eliminate the infection without deterioration of asthma. METHODS A total of 10 stable asthmatic patients with esophageal candidiasis, induced by inhaled FP-dp treatment (400 or 800 microg/ day), were enrolled in this study. A second upper GI endoscopy was performed, more than 1 month but less than 3 months after switching to an equal dose of inhaled HFA-BDP with a tube spacer device, Duopacer. The patients' medications were not changed during the study. RESULTS Esophageal candidiasis was eliminated in 9 of the 10 patients. The degree of candidiasis reduced in another patient. The forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1.0) did not worsen during the study. CONCLUSION Switching from FP-dp to HFA-BDP with Duopacer is useful in preventing esophageal candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Takatsuki Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
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