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Mostufa S, Rezaei B, Yari P, Xu K, Gómez-Pastora J, Sun J, Shi Z, Wu K. Giant Magnetoresistance Based Biosensors for Cancer Screening and Detection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4042-4059. [PMID: 37725557 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Early-stage screening of cancer is critical in preventing its development and therefore can improve the prognosis of the disease. One accurate and effective method of cancer screening is using high sensitivity biosensors to detect optically, chemically, or magnetically labeled cancer biomarkers. Among a wide range of biosensors, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) based devices offer high sensitivity, low background noise, robustness, and low cost. With state-of-the-art micro- and nanofabrication techniques, tens to hundreds of independently working GMR biosensors can be integrated into fingernail-sized chips for the simultaneous detection of multiple cancer biomarkers (i.e., multiplexed assay). Meanwhile, the miniaturization of GMR chips makes them able to be integrated into point-of-care (POC) devices. In this review, we first introduce three types of GMR biosensors in terms of their structures and physics, followed by a discussion on fabrication techniques for those sensors. In order to achieve target cancer biomarker detection, the GMR biosensor surface needs to be subjected to biological decoration. Thus, commonly used methods for surface functionalization are also reviewed. The robustness of GMR-based biosensors in cancer detection has been demonstrated by multiple research groups worldwide and we review some representative examples. At the end of this review, the challenges and future development prospects of GMR biosensor platforms are commented on. With all their benefits and opportunities, it can be foreseen that GMR biosensor platforms will transition from a promising candidate to a robust product for cancer screening in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Mostufa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Bahareh Rezaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Parsa Yari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Kanglin Xu
- Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Jenifer Gómez-Pastora
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Jiajia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China
| | - Zongqian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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2
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Safir F, Vu N, Tadesse LF, Firouzi K, Banaei N, Jeffrey SS, Saleh AAE, Khuri-Yakub B(P, Dionne JA. Combining Acoustic Bioprinting with AI-Assisted Raman Spectroscopy for High-Throughput Identification of Bacteria in Blood. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2065-2073. [PMID: 36856600 PMCID: PMC10037319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Identifying pathogens in complex samples such as blood, urine, and wastewater is critical to detect infection and inform optimal treatment. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and machine learning (ML) can distinguish among multiple pathogen species, but processing complex fluid samples to sensitively and specifically detect pathogens remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we develop an acoustic bioprinter to digitize samples into millions of droplets, each containing just a few cells, which are identified with SERS and ML. We demonstrate rapid printing of 2 pL droplets from solutions containing S. epidermidis, E. coli, and blood; when they are mixed with gold nanorods (GNRs), SERS enhancements of up to 1500× are achieved.We then train a ML model and achieve ≥99% classification accuracy from cellularly pure samples and ≥87% accuracy from cellularly mixed samples. We also obtain ≥90% accuracy from droplets with pathogen:blood cell ratios <1. Our combined bioprinting and SERS platform could accelerate rapid, sensitive pathogen detection in clinical, environmental, and industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeha Safir
- *Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Nhat Vu
- Pumpkinseed
Technologies, Inc., Palo Alto, California 94306, United States
| | - Loza F. Tadesse
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University School
of Medicine and School of Engineering, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kamyar Firouzi
- E.
L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Niaz Banaei
- Department
of Pathology, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, 94305 California, United
States
- Clinical
Microbiology Laboratory, Stanford Health Care, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Stefanie S. Jeffrey
- Department
of Surgery, Stanford University School of
Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Amr. A. E. Saleh
- Department
of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Butrus (Pierre)
T. Khuri-Yakub
- E.
L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Dionne
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94035, United States
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Qiu H, Wang H, Yang X, Huo F. High performance isolation of circulating tumor cells by acoustofluidic chip coupled with ultrasonic concentrated energy transducer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113138. [PMID: 36638753 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from whole blood is a challenging task. Although various studies on the separation of CTCs by acoustofluidic devices have been reported, difficulties still persist, such as the complicated equipment, high cost, and difficult operation. Those problems should be resolved urgently. Herein, we developed an acoustofluidic chip separation system coupled with an ultrasonic concentrated energy transducer (UCET) system for efficient separation of CTCs. In the separation system, the acoustically sensitive particles were pre-focused by inertial forces of the PDMS chip channel structure. Then, the particles with different sizes were separated by acoustic radiation forces (ARF). In this study, the circulating tumor cells was simulated (CTCs-like particles) by aminated mesoporous acoustically sensitive particles (MSN@AM) encapsulated carboxylate polystyrene microspheres (PS-COOH). Subsequently, efficient CTCs-like particles separation was achieved by the acoustofluidic chip coupling system. This study effectively separated polystyrene microspheres carrying acoustically sensitive particles (MSN@AM@PS-COOH). However, the MSNs agglomerates and PS microspheres without acoustically sensitive particles did not show phenomenon of separation. This method allows to efficiently separate 2 µm MSNs agglomerates,8.0-8.9 µm PS microspheres and 10-10.5 µm MSN@AM@PS-COOH particles. It is demonstrated that the CTCs-like particles show more sensitive response, longer moving distance, and more obvious separation effect at the condition of the low frequency traveling wave sound field (20 kHz from UCET). This system can maintain the same separation with reduced amount of reagents used for cancer detection. It may provide a reliable basis for sorting out CTCs efficiently from the whole blood of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Analytical Testing Center, Institute of Micro&Nano Intelligent Sensing, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, PR China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Analytical Testing Center, Institute of Micro&Nano Intelligent Sensing, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, PR China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiupei Yang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637000, PR China
| | - Feng Huo
- Analytical Testing Center, Institute of Micro&Nano Intelligent Sensing, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641100, PR China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106 Sichuan, PR China.
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Comparative application of microfluidic systems in circulating tumor cells and extracellular vesicles isolation; a review. Biomed Microdevices 2022; 25:4. [PMID: 36574057 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-022-00644-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a prevalent cause of mortality globally, where early diagnosis leads to a reduced death rate. Many researchers' common strategies are based on personalized diagnostic methods with rapid response and high accuracy. This technology was developed by applying liquid biopsy instead of tissue biopsies in the case of tumor cell analysis that facilitates point-of-care testing for cancer diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, significant progress in microfluidic technology led to the successful isolation, analysis, and monitoring of cancer biomarkers in body liquid biopsy with merits like high sensitivity and flexibility, low sample usage, cost effective, and the ability of automation. The most critical and informative markers in body liquid refer to circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and extracellular vesicles derived from tumors (EVs) that carry various biomarkers in their structure (DNAs, proteins, and RNAs) as compared to ctDNA. The released ctDNA has a low half-life and decreased sensitivity due to large amounts of nucleic acid in serum. This review intends to highlight different cancer screening tests with a particular focus on the details regarding the only FDA-approved and awaiting technologies for FDA clearance to isolate CTCs and EVs based on microfluidics systems.
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Pore AA, Bithi SS, Zeinali M, Navaid HB, Nagrath S, Layeequr Rahman R, Vanapalli SA. Phenotyping of rare circulating cells in the blood of non-metastatic breast cancer patients using microfluidic Labyrinth technology. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:064107. [PMID: 36536791 PMCID: PMC9759355 DOI: 10.1063/5.0129602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Label-free technologies for isolating rare circulating cells in breast cancer patients are widely available; however, they are mostly validated on metastatic patient blood samples. Given the need to use blood-based biomarkers to inform on disease progression and treatment decisions, it is important to validate these technologies in non-metastatic patient blood samples. In this study, we specifically focus on a recently established label-free microfluidic technology Labyrinth and assess its capabilities to phenotype a variety of rare circulating tumor cells indicative of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition as well as cancer-associated macrophage-like (CAML) cells. We specifically chose a patient cohort that is non-metastatic and selected to undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy to assess the performance of the Labyrinth technology. We enrolled 21 treatment naïve non-metastatic breast cancer patients of various disease stages. Our results indicate that (i) Labyrinth microfluidic technology is successfully able to isolate different phenotypes of CTCs despite the counts being low. (ii) Invasive phenotypes of CTCs such as transitioning CTCs and mesenchymal CTCs were found to be present in high numbers in stage III patients as compared to stage II patients. (iii) As the total load of CTCs increased, the mesenchymal CTCs were found to be increasing. (iv) Labyrinth was able to isolate CAMLs with the counts being higher in stage III patients as compared to stage II patients. Our study demonstrates the ability of the Labyrinth microfluidic technology to isolate rare cancer-associated cells from the blood of treatment naïve non-metastatic breast cancer patients, laying the foundation for tracking oncogenic spread and immune response in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adity A. Pore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Swastika S. Bithi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Mina Zeinali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 79430, USA
| | - Hunaiz Bin Navaid
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Sunitha Nagrath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 79430, USA
| | | | - Siva A. Vanapalli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
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Yin D, Shi A, Zhou B, Wang M, Xu G, Shen M, Zhu X, Shi X. Efficient Capture and Separation of Cancer Cells Using Hyaluronic Acid-Modified Magnetic Beads in a Microfluidic Chip. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:11080-11086. [PMID: 36040875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The efficient isolation and specific discrimination of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is expected to provide valuable information for understanding tumor metastasis and play an important role in the treatment of cancer patients. In this study, we developed a novel and rapid method for efficient capture and specific identification of cancer cells using hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified SiO2-coated magnetic beads in a microfluidic chip. First, polyacrylamide-surfaced SiO2-coated magnetic beads (SiO2@MBs) were covalently conjugated with HA, and the created HA-modified SiO2@MBs (HA-SiO2@MBs) display binding specificity to HeLa cells (a human cervical carcinoma cell line) overexpressing CD44 receptors. After incubating the HA-SiO2@MBs with cancer cells for 1 h, the mixture of MBs and cells was drawn into a designed microfluidic channel with two inlets and outlets. Through the formation of lamellar flow, cells specifically bound with the HA-SiO2@MBs can be separated under an external magnetic field with a capture efficiency of up to 92.0%. The developed method is simple, fast, and promising for CTC separation and cancer diagnostics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Andrew Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Benqing Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gangwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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7
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Advances in the Biology, Detection Techniques, and Clinical Applications of Circulating Tumor Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7149686. [PMID: 36090904 PMCID: PMC9462976 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7149686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a crucial role in tumor recurrence and metastasis, and their early detection has shown remarkable benefits in clinical theranostics. However, CTCs are extremely rare, thus detecting them in the blood is very challenging. New CTC detection techniques are continuously being developed, enabling deeper analysis of CTC biology and potential clinical application. This article reviews current CTC detection techniques and their clinical application. CTCs have provided, and will continue to provide, important insights into the process of metastasis, which could lead to development of new therapies for different cancers.
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8
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Kim Y, Laradji AM, Sharma S, Zhang W, Yadavalli NS, Xie J, Popik V, Minko S. Refining of Particulates at Stimuli‐Responsive Interfaces: Label‐Free Sorting and Isolation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongwook Kim
- Nanostructured Materials Lab University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Amine M. Laradji
- Nanostructured Materials Lab University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
- Current address: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Shubham Sharma
- Department of Chemistry University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Weizhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | | | - Jin Xie
- Department of Chemistry University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Vladimir Popik
- Department of Chemistry University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Sergiy Minko
- Nanostructured Materials Lab University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
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9
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Kim Y, Laradji AM, Sharma S, Zhang W, Yadavalli NS, Xie J, Popik V, Minko S. Refining of Particulates at Stimuli-Responsive Interfaces: Label-Free Sorting and Isolation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202110990. [PMID: 34841648 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of separation methods, for example, liquid chromatography, is realized through rapid multiple adsorption-desorption steps leading to the dynamic equilibrium state in a mixture of molecules with different partition coefficients. Sorting of colloidal particles, including protein complexes, cells, and viruses, is limited due to a high energy barrier, up to millions kT, required to detach particles from the interface, which is in dramatic contrast to a few kT for small molecules. Such a strong interaction renders particle adsorption quasi-irreversible. The dynamic adsorption-desorption equilibrium is approached very slowly, if ever attainable. This limitation is alleviated with a local oscillating repulsive mechanical force generated at the microstructured stimuli-responsive polymer interface to switch between adsorption and mechanical-force-facilitated desorption of the particles. Such a dynamic regime enables the separation of colloidal mixtures based on the particle-polymer interface affinity, and it could find use in research, diagnostics, and industrial-scale label-free sorting of highly asymmetric mixtures of colloids and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwook Kim
- Nanostructured Materials Lab, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Amine M Laradji
- Nanostructured Materials Lab, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.,Current address: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Shubham Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Weizhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | | | - Jin Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Vladimir Popik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Sergiy Minko
- Nanostructured Materials Lab, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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Brown SR, Bates JC, Avera AD, Kim Y. Relationship between Stemness, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Model Circulating Tumor Cells. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 211:282-293. [PMID: 34077929 DOI: 10.1159/000516574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cancer deaths are caused by secondary metastasized tumors. The cells that spread these tumors are known as circulating tumor cells (CTCs). They exist in a dynamic environment, including exposure to fluid shear stress (FSS) that makes them susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. There are questions about the similarities of CTCs to cancer stem cells (CSCs) and whether the stem cell-like characteristics of CTCs allow them to proliferate and spread despite the biophysical obstacles during the metastatic process. One of those qualities is the ability to undergo the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 were modeled as CTCs by prolonged exposure to FSS using a spinner flask. They were tested for ROS generation, CSC, EMT, and Hippo pathway gene and protein markers using qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. MDA-MB-231 did not show significant changes in CSC markers, but did show significant changes in ROS, EMT, and Hippo markers (p < 0.05). Similarly, MCF7 showed significant changes in ROS and EMT markers (p < 0.05). Furthermore, both cell lines demonstrated the reverse mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition signature when allowed to recover after FSS. These results suggest that the degree of their stemness or aggressiveness affects their responses to externally applied biophysical forces and demonstrates a potential link between mechanotransduction, the Hippo pathway, and the induction of EMT in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spenser R Brown
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Juliana C Bates
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Alexandra D Avera
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Yonghyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
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Liu Y, Xu H, Li T, Wang W. Microtechnology-enabled filtration-based liquid biopsy: challenges and practical considerations. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:994-1015. [PMID: 33710188 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01101k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy, an important enabling technology for early diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of cancer, has drawn extensive attention in the past decade. With the rapid developments of microtechnology, it has been possible to manipulate cells at the single-cell level, which dramatically improves the liquid biopsy capability. As the microtechnology-enabled liquid biopsy matures from proof-of-concept demonstrations towards practical applications, a main challenge it is facing now is to process clinical samples which are usually of a large volume while containing very rare targeted cells in complex backgrounds. Therefore, a high-throughput liquid biopsy which is capable of processing liquid samples with a large volume in a reasonable time along with a high recovery rate of rare targeted cells from complex clinical liquids is in high demand. Moreover, the purity, viability and release feasibility of recovered targeted cells are the other three key impact factors requiring careful considerations. To date, among the developed techniques, micropore-type filtration has been acknowledged as the most promising solution to address the aforementioned challenges in practical applications. However, the presently reported studies about micropore-type filtration are mostly based on trial and error for device designs aiming at different cancer types, which requires lots of efforts. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate and elaborate the fundamental theories of micropore-type filtration and key features that influence the working performances in the liquid biopsy of real clinical samples to promote the application efficacy in practical applications. In this review, the state of the art of microtechnology-enabled filtration is systematically and comprehensively summarized. Four key features of the filtration, including throughput, purity, viability and release feasibility of the captured targeted cells, are elaborated to provide the guidelines for filter designs. The recent progress in the filtration mode modulation and sample standardization to improve the filtration performance of real clinical samples is also discussed. Finally, this review concludes with prospective views for future developments of filtration-based liquid biopsy to promote its application efficacy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoping Liu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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12
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Advances in electrochemiluminescence co-reaction accelerator and its analytical applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4119-4135. [PMID: 33715042 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) can be produced through two main routes: annihilation route and coreactant route. The vast majority of applications of ECL are based on coreactant ECL which can be generated in aqueous media at relatively low potentials compared with organic solvents. However, the development of more efficient ECL systems remains a compelling goal. Co-reaction accelerator (CRA) can significantly enhance the ECL signal through promoting more production of the coreactant intermediate. Compared with other ECL enhancement strategies, the CRA protocol is distinctive owing to its diverse, simple, and highly effective features. Various species such as inorganic compound, organic compound, and nanomaterials (NMs) have been developed as CRA and NM CRA has gained particular attention owing to their unique properties of excellent catalytic behavior and large surface area. By integration with the inherent advantages of ECL, bioanalysis based on CRA-enhanced ECL showed excellent performance such as ultrahigh sensitivity, wide dynamic range, low cost, simple instrumentation, and measurements in complex media. It has been extensively applied in various fields including clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety. Therefore, it is of great interest to present a systematic and critical review on the advances in ECL CRA. Herein, the recent progress on CRA and its applications in ECL bioanalysis are summarized by illustrating some representative work and a discussion of the future development trends of CRA ECL is offered.
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Yoo TK. Liquid Biopsy in Breast Cancer: Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Tumor DNA. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1187:337-361. [PMID: 33983587 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9620-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is associated with gene mutations, and the analysis of tumor-associated mutations is increasingly used for diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment purposes. These molecular landscapes of solid tumors are currently obtained from surgical or biopsy specimens. However, during cancer progression and treatment, selective pressures lead to additional genetic changes as tumors acquire drug resistance. Tissue sampling cannot be performed routinely owing to its invasive nature and a single biopsy only provides a limited snapshot of a tumor, which may fail to reflect spatial and temporal heterogeneity. This dilemma may be solved by analyzing cancer cells or cancer cell-derived DNA from blood samples, called liquid biopsy. Liquid biopsy is one of the most rapidly advancing fields in cancer diagnostics and recent technological advances have enabled the detection and detailed characterization of circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA in blood samples.Liquid biopsy is an exciting area with rapid advances, but we are still at the starting line with many challenges to overcome. In this chapter we will explore how tumor cells and tumor-associated mutations detected in the blood can be used in the clinic. This will include detection of cancer, prediction of prognosis, monitoring systemic therapies, and stratification of patients for therapeutic targets or resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Kyung Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Pei H, Li L, Han Z, Wang Y, Tang B. Recent advances in microfluidic technologies for circulating tumor cells: enrichment, single-cell analysis, and liquid biopsy for clinical applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3854-3875. [PMID: 33107879 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00577k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detach from primary or metastatic lesions and circulate in the peripheral blood, which is considered to be the cause of distant metastases. CTC analysis in the form of liquid biopsy, enumeration and molecular analysis provide significant clinical information for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategies. Despite the great clinical value, CTC analysis has not yet entered routine clinical practice due to lack of efficient technologies to perform CTC isolation and single-cell analysis. Taking the rarity and inherent heterogeneity of CTCs into account, reliable methods for CTC isolation and detection are in urgent demand for obtaining valuable information on cancer metastasis and progression from CTCs. Microfluidic technology, featuring microfabricated structures, can precisely control fluids and cells at the micrometer scale, thus making itself a particularly suitable method for rare CTC manipulation. Besides the enrichment function, microfluidic chips can also realize the analysis function by integrating multiple detection technologies. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in CTC isolation and detection using microfluidic technologies, with special attention to emerging direct enrichment and enumeration in vivo. Further, few insights into single CTC molecular analysis are also demonstrated. We have provided a review of potential clinical applications of CTCs, ranging from early screening and diagnosis, tumor progression and prognosis, treatment and resistance monitoring, to therapeutic evaluation. Through this review, we conclude that the clinical utility of CTCs will be expanded as the isolation and analysis techniques are constantly improving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimeng Pei
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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15
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MacGregor M, Safizadeh Shirazi H, Chan KM, Ostrikov K, McNicholas K, Jay A, Chong M, Staudacher AH, Michl TD, Zhalgasbaikyzy A, Brown MP, Kashani MN, Di Fiore A, Grochowski A, Robb S, Belcher S, Li J, Gleadle JM, Vasilev K. Cancer cell detection device for the diagnosis of bladder cancer from urine. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 171:112699. [PMID: 33068879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is common and has one of the highest recurrence rates. Cystoscopy, the current gold standard diagnosis approach, has recently benefited from the introduction of blue light assisted photodynamic diagnostic (PDD). While blue light cystoscopy improves diagnostic sensitivity, it remains a costly and invasive approach. Here, we present a microfluidic-based platform for non-invasive diagnosis which combines the principle of PDD with whole cell immunocapture technology to detect bladder cancer cells shed in patient urine ex vivo. Initially, we demonstrate with model cell lines that our non-invasive approach achieves highly specific capture rates of bladder cancer cells based on their Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule expression (>90%) and detection by the intensity levels of Hexaminolevulinic Acid-induced Protoporphyrin IX fluorescence. Then, we show in a pilot study that the biosensor platform successfully discriminates histopathologically diagnosed cancer patients (n = 10) from non-cancer controls (n = 25). Our platform can support the development of a novel non-invasive diagnostic device for post treatment surveillance in patients with bladder cancer and cancer detection in patients with suspected bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie MacGregor
- Future Industry Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
| | - Hanieh Safizadeh Shirazi
- Future Industry Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Kit Man Chan
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Kola Ostrikov
- Future Industry Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Kym McNicholas
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Alex Jay
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia; Department of Urology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Michael Chong
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia; Department of Urology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Alexander H Staudacher
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Thomas D Michl
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | | | - Michael P Brown
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, SA, Adelaide, 5000, Australia; Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, SA, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Moein Navvab Kashani
- Future Industry Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; South Australian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Adam Di Fiore
- Motherson Innovations Australia, Lonsdale, SA, 5160, Australia
| | - Alex Grochowski
- Motherson Innovations Australia, Lonsdale, SA, 5160, Australia
| | - Stephen Robb
- Motherson Innovations Australia, Lonsdale, SA, 5160, Australia
| | - Simon Belcher
- Motherson Innovations Australia, Lonsdale, SA, 5160, Australia
| | - Jordan Li
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Gleadle
- Department of Renal Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- Future Industry Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia; School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
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16
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Bacon K, Lavoie A, Rao BM, Daniele M, Menegatti S. Past, Present, and Future of Affinity-based Cell Separation Technologies. Acta Biomater 2020; 112:29-51. [PMID: 32442784 PMCID: PMC10364325 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progress in cell purification technology is critical to increase the availability of viable cells for therapeutic, diagnostic, and research applications. A variety of techniques are now available for cell separation, ranging from non-affinity methods such as density gradient centrifugation, dielectrophoresis, and filtration, to affinity methods such as chromatography, two-phase partitioning, and magnetic-/fluorescence-assisted cell sorting. For clinical and analytical procedures that require highly purified cells, the choice of cell purification method is crucial, since every method offers a different balance between yield, purity, and bioactivity of the cell product. For most applications, the requisite purity is only achievable through affinity methods, owing to the high target specificity that they grant. In this review, we discuss past and current methods for developing cell-targeting affinity ligands and their application in cell purification, along with the benefits and challenges associated with different purification formats. We further present new technologies, like stimuli-responsive ligands and parallelized microfluidic devices, towards improving the viability and throughput of cell products for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Our comparative analysis provides guidance in the multifarious landscape of cell separation techniques and highlights new technologies that are poised to play a key role in the future of cell purification in clinical settings and the biotech industry. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Technologies for cell purification have served science, medicine, and industrial biotechnology and biomanufacturing for decades. This review presents a comprehensive survey of this field by highlighting the scope and relevance of all known methods for cell isolation, old and new alike. The first section covers the main classes of target cells and compares traditional non-affinity and affinity-based purification techniques, focusing on established ligands and chromatographic formats. The second section presents an excursus of affinity-based pseudo-chromatographic and non-chromatographic technologies, especially focusing on magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Finally, the third section presents an overview of new technologies and emerging trends, highlighting how the progress in chemical, material, and microfluidic sciences has opened new exciting avenues towards high-throughput and high-purity cell isolation processes. This review is designed to guide scientists and engineers in their choice of suitable cell purification techniques for research or bioprocessing needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Bacon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Ashton Lavoie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Balaji M Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7928, USA
| | - Michael Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University - University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7928, USA.
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17
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Fanelli GN, Naccarato AG, Scatena C. Recent Advances in Cancer Plasticity: Cellular Mechanisms, Surveillance Strategies, and Therapeutic Optimization. Front Oncol 2020; 10:569. [PMID: 32391266 PMCID: PMC7188928 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The processes of recurrence and metastasis, through which cancer relapses locally or spreads to distant sites in the body, accounts for more than 90% of cancer-related deaths. At present there are very few treatment options for patients at this stage of their disease. The main obstacle to successfully treat advanced cancer is the cells' ability to change in ways that make them resistant to treatment. Understanding the cellular mechanisms that mediate this cancer cell plasticity may lead to improved patient survival. Epigenetic reprogramming, together with tumor microenvironment, drives such dynamic mechanisms favoring tumor heterogeneity, and cancer cell plasticity. In addition, the development of new approaches that can report on cancer plasticity in their native environment have profound implications for studying cancer biology and monitoring tumor progression. We herein provide an overview of recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms regulating cell plasticity and current strategies for their monitoring and therapy management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Nicolò Fanelli
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristian Scatena
- Division of Pathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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18
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Facile synthesis of 3D hierarchical micro-/nanostructures in capillaries for efficient capture of circulating tumor cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 575:108-118. [PMID: 32361043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The efficient capture of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with high viability is of great importance in cancer diagnosis. The integration of three-dimensional (3D) nanobiointerfaces with capillary flow channel platforms can efficiently improve CTC capture performance by providing abundant binding sites and increasing the likelihood of contact as samples flow through the microchannels. However, due to the complex preparation processes, facile synthesis of nanostructures for use as substrates in flow channels for biomedical applications is still challenging. To reduce the encapsulation steps in the fabricating of nanostructured flow channel devices, we chose the enclosed glass capillaries as flow channels and accomplished all the experiments in the microchannels, including 3D nanostructure synthesis, surface modification and capture/release of CTCs. In this work, we constructed a novel 3D Zn(OH)F/ZnO nanoforest array in capillaries for CTC isolation via a facile microfluidic wet chemistry method. Because of the abundant binding sites of the 3D Zn(OH)F/ZnO nanoforest array, the capture efficiency was remarkably enhanced compared with that of vertical nanowires (90.3% vs 69.1%). In addition, a high release efficiency and cell viability of released cells were achieved by grafting poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPPAm). These results may provide evidence for a novel method to fabricate hierarchical 3D substrates with a combination of biomolecule recognition and topographical interaction for biomedical applications.
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19
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Perspectives of the Application of Liquid Biopsy in Colorectal Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6843180. [PMID: 32258135 PMCID: PMC7085834 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6843180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Since traditional biopsies are invasive and do not reflect tumor heterogeneity or monitor the dynamic progression of tumors, there is an urgent need for new noninvasive methods that can supplement and improve the current management strategies of CRC. Blood-based liquid biopsies are a promising noninvasive biomarker that can detect disease early, assist in staging, monitor treatment responses, and predict relapse and metastasis. Over time, an increasing number of experiments have indicated the clinical utility of liquid biopsies in CRC. In this review, we mainly focus on the development of circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA as key components of liquid biopsies in CRC and introduce the potential of exosomal microRNAs as emerging liquid biopsy markers in clinical application for CRC.
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20
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Lee AC, Svedlund J, Darai E, Lee Y, Lee D, Lee HB, Kim SM, Kim O, Bae HJ, Choi A, Lee S, Jeong Y, Song SW, Choi Y, Yeom H, Lee CS, Han W, Lee DS, Jang JY, Madaboosi N, Nilsson M, Kwon S. OPENchip: an on-chip in situ molecular profiling platform for gene expression analysis and oncogenic mutation detection in single circulating tumour cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:912-922. [PMID: 32057051 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc01248f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy holds promise towards practical implementation of personalized theranostics of cancer. In particular, circulating tumour cells (CTCs) can provide clinically actionable information that can be directly linked to prognosis or therapy decisions. In this study, gene expression patterns and genetic mutations in single CTCs are simultaneously analysed by strategically combining microfluidic technology and in situ molecular profiling technique. Towards this, the development and demonstration of the OPENchip (On-chip Post-processing ENabling chip) platform for single CTC analysis by epithelial CTC enrichment and subsequent in situ molecular profiling is reported. For in situ molecular profiling, padlock probes that identify specific desired targets to examine biomarkers of clinical relevance in cancer diagnostics were designed and used to create libraries of rolling circle amplification products. We characterize the OPENchip in terms of its capture efficiency and capture purity, and validate the probe design using different cell lines. By integrating the obtained results, molecular analyses of CTCs from metastatic breast cancer (HER2 (ERBB2) gene expression and PIK3CA mutations) and metastatic pancreatic cancer (KRAS gene mutations) patients were demonstrated without any off-chip processes. The results substantiate the potential implementation of early molecular detection of cancer through sequencing-free liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos C Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Jessica Svedlund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evangelia Darai
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yongju Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Daewon Lee
- BK21+ Creative Research Engineer Development for IT, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Han-Byoel Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea and Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Okju Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyung Jong Bae
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ahyoun Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Sumin Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jeong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Seo Woo Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Yeongjae Choi
- Nano Systems Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Huiran Yeom
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Caleb S Lee
- Departments of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Wonshik Han
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea and Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Soon Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Jang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Narayanan Madaboosi
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sunghoon Kwon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea and BK21+ Creative Research Engineer Development for IT, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea and Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea and Institutes of Entrepreneurial BioConvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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21
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Zhang S, Li Z, Wei Q. Smartphone-based cytometric biosensors for point-of-care cellular diagnostics. NANOTECHNOLOGY AND PRECISION ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.npe.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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22
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Siemer S, Wünsch D, Khamis A, Lu Q, Scherberich A, Filippi M, Krafft MP, Hagemann J, Weiss C, Ding GB, Stauber RH, Gribko A. Nano Meets Micro-Translational Nanotechnology in Medicine: Nano-Based Applications for Early Tumor Detection and Therapy. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020383. [PMID: 32098406 PMCID: PMC7075286 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have great potential for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells of solid tumor origin entering the peripheral blood after detachment from a primary tumor. The occurrence and circulation of CTCs are accepted as a prerequisite for the formation of metastases, which is the major cause of cancer-associated deaths. Due to their clinical significance CTCs are intensively discussed to be used as liquid biopsy for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. However, there are substantial challenges for the clinical use of CTCs based on their extreme rarity and heterogeneous biology. Therefore, methods for effective isolation and detection of CTCs are urgently needed. With the rapid development of nanotechnology and its wide applications in the biomedical field, researchers have designed various nano-sized systems with the capability of CTCs detection, isolation, and CTCs-targeted cancer therapy. In the present review, we summarize the underlying mechanisms of CTC-associated tumor metastasis, and give detailed information about the unique properties of CTCs that can be harnessed for their effective analytical detection and enrichment. Furthermore, we want to give an overview of representative nano-systems for CTC isolation, and highlight recent achievements in microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technologies. We also emphasize the recent advances in nano-based CTCs-targeted cancer therapy. We conclude by critically discussing recent CTC-based nano-systems with high therapeutic and diagnostic potential as well as their biocompatibility as a practical example of applied nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Siemer
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Désirée Wünsch
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Aya Khamis
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Qiang Lu
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Universitätspital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland (M.F.)
| | - Miriam Filippi
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Universitätspital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland (M.F.)
| | - Marie Pierre Krafft
- Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jan Hagemann
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Weiss
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Guo-Bin Ding
- Institute for Biotechnology, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Roland H. Stauber
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Biotechnology, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
- Correspondence: (R.H.S.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-176030 (A.G.)
| | - Alena Gribko
- Nanobiomedicine Department, University Medical Center Mainz/ENT, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (R.H.S.); (A.G.); Tel.: +49-6131-176030 (A.G.)
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Afreen S, He Z, Xiao Y, Zhu JJ. Nanoscale metal-organic frameworks in detecting cancer biomarkers. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:1338-1349. [PMID: 31999289 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02579k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Following the efficient performance of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as recognition elements in gas sensors, biosensors based on MOFs are now being investigated to capture and quantify potential cancer biomarkers, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), nucleic acids and proteins. The current status of MOF-based biosensors in the detection of early stages of cancer is in its infancy, although it has significantly emerged since the beginning of this decade. That said, salient research has been conducted in the past five years to utilize the distinctive porous crystalline structure of MOFs for highly sensitive and selective detection of cancer biomarkers. In this pursual, MOFs designed with bimetallic assembly, doped with magnetic nanoparticles, coated with polymers, and even conjugated with peptides or oligonucleotides have shown promising outcomes in detecting CTCs, nucleic acids and proteins. In particular, aptamer-conjugated MOFs are able to perform at a lower limit of detection down to the femtomolar, implying their efficacy for the point of care testing in clinical trials. In this way, aptasensors based on aptamer-conjugated MOFs present a newer sub-branch, to be coined as a MOFTA sensor in the current review. Considering the emerging progress and promising outcomes of MOFTA sensors as well as a variety of MOF-based techniques of detecting cancer biomarkers, this review will highlight their significant advances and related aspects in the recent five years on the context of detecting CTCs, nucleic acids and proteins for the early-stage detection of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Afreen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
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Zhang Q, Wang W, Huang S, Yu S, Tan T, Zhang JR, Zhu JJ. Capture and selective release of multiple types of circulating tumor cells using smart DNAzyme probes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:1948-1956. [PMID: 34123289 PMCID: PMC8148068 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04309h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective capture, release and reanalysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are of great significance to acquire tumor information and promote the progress of tumor therapy. Particularly, the selective release of multiple types of CTCs is critical to further study; however, it is still a great challenge. To meet this challenge, we designed a smart DNAzyme probe-based platform. By combining multiple targeting aptamers and multiple metal ion responsive DNAzymes, efficient capture and selective release of multiple types CTCs were realized. Sgc8c aptamer integrated Cu2+-dependent DNAzyme and TD05 aptamer integrated Mg2+-dependent DNAzyme can capture CCRF-CEM cells and Ramos cells respectively on the substrate. With the addition of Cu2+ or Mg2+, CCRF-CEM cells or Ramos cells will be released from the substrate with specific selectivity. Furthermore, our platform has been successfully demonstrated in the whole blood sample. Therefore, our capture/release platform will benefit research on the molecular analysis of CTCs after release and has great potential for cancer diagnosis and individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China
| | - Shan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Sha Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Tingting Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing 210008 China
| | - Jian-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Nanjing University Jinling College Nanjing 210089 China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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25
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Efficient separation of tumor cells from untreated whole blood using a novel multistage hydrodynamic focusing microfluidics. Talanta 2020; 207:120261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Safarpour H, Dehghani S, Nosrati R, Zebardast N, Alibolandi M, Mokhtarzadeh A, Ramezani M. Optical and electrochemical-based nano-aptasensing approaches for the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 148:111833. [PMID: 31733465 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
More recently, detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been considered as an appealing prognostic and diagnostic approach for cancer patients. CTCs as a type of tumor-derived cells are secreted by the tumor and released into the blood circulation. Since the migration of CTCs is an early event in cancer progression, patients who still have tumor-free lymph nodes have to be well examined for the CTCs presence in their blood circulation. Nowadays, there is a broad range of detection methods available to identify CTCs. As artificial RNA oligonucleotides or single-stranded DNA with receptor and catalytic characteristics, aptamers have been standing out, owing to their target-induced conformational modifications, elevated stability, and target specificity to be implemented in biosensing techniques. To date, several sensitivity-enhancement methods alongside smart nanomaterials have been used for the creation of new aptasensors to address the limit of detection (LOD), and improve the sensitivity of numerous analyte identification methods. The present review article supports a focused overview of the recent studies in the identification and quantitative determination of CTCs by aptamer-based biosensors and nanobiosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Safarpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rahim Nosrati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nozhat Zebardast
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Gall TMH, Belete S, Khanderia E, Frampton AE, Jiao LR. Circulating Tumor Cells and Cell-Free DNA in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:71-81. [PMID: 30558725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is detected late in the disease process and has an extremely poor prognosis. A blood-based biomarker that can enable early detection of disease, monitor response to treatment, and potentially allow for personalized treatment would be of great benefit. This review analyzes the literature regarding two potential biomarkers, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA), with regard to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The origin of CTCs and the methods of detection are discussed and a decade of research examining CTCs in pancreatic cancer is summarized, including both levels of CTCs and analyzing their molecular characteristics and how they may affect survival in both advanced and early disease and allow for treatment monitoring. The origin of cfDNA is discussed, and the literature over the past 15 years is summarized. This includes analyzing cfDNA for genetic mutations and methylation abnormalities, which have the potential to be used for the detection and prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. However, the research certainly remains in the experimental stage, warranting future large trials in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara M H Gall
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Samuel Belete
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Esha Khanderia
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam E Frampton
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Long R Jiao
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
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Chu CH, Liu R, Ozkaya-Ahmadov T, Boya M, Swain BE, Owens JM, Burentugs E, Bilen MA, McDonald JF, Sarioglu AF. Hybrid negative enrichment of circulating tumor cells from whole blood in a 3D-printed monolithic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:3427-3437. [PMID: 31553343 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00575g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Isolation and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood samples present exciting opportunities for basic cancer research and personalized treatment of the disease. While microchip-based negative CTC enrichment offers both sensitive microfluidic cell screening and unbiased selection, conventional microchips are inherently limited by their capacity to deplete a large number of normal blood cells. In this paper, we use 3D printing to create a monolithic device that combines immunoaffinity-based microfluidic cell capture and a commercial membrane filter for negative enrichment of CTCs directly from whole blood. In our device, stacked layers of chemically-functionalized microfluidic channels capture millions of white blood cells (WBCs) in parallel without getting saturated and the leuko-depleted blood is post-filtered with a 3 μm-pore size membrane filter to eliminate anucleated blood cells. This hybrid negative enrichment approach facilitated direct extraction of viable CTCs off the chip on a membrane filter for downstream analysis. Immunofluorescence imaging of enriched cells showed ∼90% tumor cell recovery rate from simulated samples spiked with prostate, breast or ovarian cancer cells. We also demonstrated the feasibility of our approach for processing clinical samples by isolating prostate cancer CTCs directly from a 10 mL whole blood sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Heng Chu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Liquid biopsy for the detection and management of surgically resectable tumors. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2019; 404:517-525. [PMID: 31385024 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-019-01788-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional biopsies have numerous limitations in the developing era of precision medicine, with cancer treatment that relies on biomarkers to guide therapy. Tumor heterogeneity raises the potential for sampling error with the use of traditional biopsy of the primary tumor. Moreover, tumors continuously evolve as new clones arise in the natural course of the disease and under the pressure of treatment. Since traditional biopsy is invasive, it is neither feasible nor practical to perform serial biopsies to guide treatment in real time. PURPOSE The current manuscript will review the most commonly used types of liquid biopsy and how these apply to surgical patients in terms of diagnosis, prediction of outcome, and guiding therapy. CONCLUSIONS Liquid biopsy has the potential to overcome many of the limitations of traditional biopsy as a highly tailored, minimally invasive, and cost-effective method to screen and monitor response to treatment. However, many challenges still need to be overcome before liquid biopsy becomes a reliable and widely available option.
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Cheng SB, Chen MM, Wang YK, Sun ZH, Xie M, Huang WH. Current techniques and future advance of microfluidic devices for circulating tumor cells. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ding L, Wu Y, Liu W, Liu L, Yu F, Yu S, Tian Y, Feng J, He L. Magnetic-assisted self-assembled aptamer/protein hybrid probes for efficient capture and rapid detection of cancer cells in whole blood. Talanta 2019; 205:120129. [PMID: 31450438 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of building blocks for constructing multifunctional materials has opened prospects for sensing applications in the biomedical fields. In particular, the combination of aptamer with DNA assembly-based nanotechnology has greatly improved the performance of cancer cell detection. Nevertheless, the cancer cell detection strategies of integrating aptamer with protein are relatively sparse. So we have developed a self-assembled aptamer method to realize the efficient capture and rapid detection of cancer cells by ingeniously combining aptamer modified magnetic nanoparticles as capture nanoprobes with self-assembled aptamer/protein hybrid probes (SAPPs) as signal amplification probes. By merely mixing the component materials together simultaneously, the SAPPs, integrating aptamer for cancer cell recognition with protein for amplifying signal, were fabricated by DNA-governed one-step assembly. In addition, the SAPPs-based method exhibits efficient capture, rapid (about 45 min) and specific CCRF-CEM detection performance, with limits of detection down to 75 cells/mL in buffer and 200 cells/mL in whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Ding
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lie Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Fei Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Songcheng Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongmei Tian
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiaodi Feng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Leiliang He
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Iliescu FS, Poenar DP, Yu F, Ni M, Chan KH, Cima I, Taylor HK, Cima I, Iliescu C. Recent advances in microfluidic methods in cancer liquid biopsy. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2019; 13:041503. [PMID: 31431816 PMCID: PMC6697033 DOI: 10.1063/1.5087690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Early cancer detection, its monitoring, and therapeutical prediction are highly valuable, though extremely challenging targets in oncology. Significant progress has been made recently, resulting in a group of devices and techniques that are now capable of successfully detecting, interpreting, and monitoring cancer biomarkers in body fluids. Precise information about malignancies can be obtained from liquid biopsies by isolating and analyzing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or nucleic acids, tumor-derived vesicles or proteins, and metabolites. The current work provides a general overview of the latest on-chip technological developments for cancer liquid biopsy. Current challenges for their translation and their application in various clinical settings are discussed. Microfluidic solutions for each set of biomarkers are compared, and a global overview of the major trends and ongoing research challenges is given. A detailed analysis of the microfluidic isolation of CTCs with recent efforts that aimed at increasing purity and capture efficiency is provided as well. Although CTCs have been the focus of a vast microfluidic research effort as the key element for obtaining relevant information, important clinical insights can also be achieved from alternative biomarkers, such as classical protein biomarkers, exosomes, or circulating-free nucleic acids. Finally, while most work has been devoted to the analysis of blood-based biomarkers, we highlight the less explored potential of urine as an ideal source of molecular cancer biomarkers for point-of-care lab-on-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florina S. Iliescu
- School of Applied Science, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore 738964, Singapore
| | - Daniel P. Poenar
- VALENS-Centre for Bio Devices and Signal Analysis, School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Fang Yu
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Ming Ni
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Technological University, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100105, Ecuador
| | - Kiat Hwa Chan
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore 138527, Singapore
| | | | - Hayden K. Taylor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Igor Cima
- DKFZ-Division of Translational Oncology/Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg and University Hospital Essen, Essen 45147, Germany
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Gribko A, Künzel J, Wünsch D, Lu Q, Nagel SM, Knauer SK, Stauber RH, Ding GB. Is small smarter? Nanomaterial-based detection and elimination of circulating tumor cells: current knowledge and perspectives. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:4187-4209. [PMID: 31289440 PMCID: PMC6560927 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s198319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are disseminated cancer cells. The occurrence and circulation of CTCs seem key for metastasis, still the major cause of cancer-associated deaths. As such, CTCs are investigated as predictive biomarkers. However, due to their rarity and heterogeneous biology, CTCs’ practical use has not made it into the clinical routine. Clearly, methods for the effective isolation and reliable detection of CTCs are urgently needed. With the development of nanotechnology, various nanosystems for CTC isolation and enrichment and CTC-targeted cancer therapy have been designed. Here, we summarize the relationship between CTCs and tumor metastasis, and describe CTCs’ unique properties hampering their effective enrichment. We comment on nanotechnology-based systems for CTC isolation and recent achievements in microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technologies. We discuss recent advances in CTC-targeted cancer therapy exploiting the unique properties of nanomaterials. We conclude by introducing developments in CTC-directed nanosystems and other advanced technologies currently in (pre)clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Gribko
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Julian Künzel
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Désirée Wünsch
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Qiang Lu
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Sophie Madeleine Nagel
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB)/Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ;
| | - Guo-Bin Ding
- Nanobiomedicine Department/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany, ; .,Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China,
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Song W, Li X, Zhao Y, Liu C, Xu J, Wang H, Zhang T. Functional, UV-curable coating for the capture of circulating tumor cells. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2383-2393. [PMID: 30916683 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00264b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The capture of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis, personalized treatment and postoperative evaluation of malignant tumors. In this study, UV-curable coating technology was combined with antibody immobilization to enable CTC captures on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates. Controlled amounts of carboxyl groups and polyethylene glycol (PEG) segments were introduced into the coating formulation to facilitate immobilization of antibodies and block non-specific protein adsorption, respectively. Then, anti-EpCAM antibodies were immobilized on functionalized, coated PMMA substrates by EDC/NHS chemistry. Multiple physical, chemical and biological properties were investigated, including hydrophilicity, protein adsorption, platelet adhesion and anticoagulant properties. Thereafter, optimized coatings were applied on the inner wall of PMMA tubes, followed by immobilization of anti-EpCAM antibodies. After perfusion of the tubes with whole blood, enriched with SGC7901 gastric cancer cells that overexpress EpCAM antigens, rapid and efficient capture of the tumor cells was observed. These results provide a basis for further development of devices for the selective capture and enrichment of CTCs, using small blood volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyun Song
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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35
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The effect of protein expression on cancer cell capture using the Human Transferrin Receptor (CD71) as an affinity ligand. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1076:154-161. [PMID: 31203960 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell detection in liquid biopsies has been a widely studied application in many microfluidic devices. The use of a common antibody, such as the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Anti-EpCAM) or other specific antibodies, has facilitated the detection and study of many cancers. However, the use of such antibodies requires a priori knowledge of the cancer source, and many cancer subtypes are missed in screening applications. There remains a need to study a wider range of cancers that maintain the streamlined antibody approach in cell affinity separations. The Human transferrin receptor (CD71) has recently been demonstrated as a cancer cell affinity target in blood samples. CD71 expression in blood cells is low, whereas proliferating cancer cells have a higher expression of the surface protein. CD71 expression is variable with cell cycle, which can impact cell separations. In this work, we investigated the effects of cell cycle and CD71 expression on cell capture metrics. Six cancer cell lines were isolated from blood via CD71 affinity capture, with a capture efficiency and purity that varied with CD71 expression. Despite variation in CD71 expression, the affinity was sufficient to isolate cancer cells spiked into blood; under optimal conditions, CD71-based capture resulted in capture purity >80%. We conclude that CD71 affinity separations show potential as a biomarker for cancer studies without sacrificing sensitivity and selectivity, and that cancer cells can be isolated from liquid biopsies over a range of expression of the target protein.
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Liu Y, Li T, Xu M, Zhang W, Xiong Y, Nie L, Wang Q, Li H, Wang W. A high-throughput liquid biopsy for rapid rare cell separation from large-volume samples. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 19:68-78. [PMID: 30516210 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01048j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy techniques for rare tumor cell separation from body fluids have shown enormous promise in cancer detection and prognosis monitoring. This work established a high-throughput liquid biopsy platform with a high recovery rate and a high cell viability based on a previously reported 2.5D micropore-arrayed filtration membrane. Thanks to its high porosity (>40.2%, edge-to-edge space between the adjacent micropores <4 μm), the achieved filtration throughputs can reach >110 mL min-1 for aqueous samples and >17 mL min-1 for undiluted whole blood, only driven by gravity with no need for any extra pressure loading. The recoveries of rare lung tumor cells (A549s) spiked in PBS (10 mL), unprocessed BALF (10 mL) and whole blood (5 mL) show high recovery rates (88.0 ± 3.7%, 86.0 ± 5.3% and 83.2 ± 6.2%, respectively, n = 5 for every trial) and prove the high performance of this platform. Successful detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from whole blood samples (5 mL) of lung cancer patients (n = 5) was demonstrated. In addition, it was both numerically and experimentally proved that a small edge-to-edge space was significant to improve the viability of the recovered cells and the purity of the target cell recovery, which was reported for the first time to the best of the authors' knowledge. This high-throughput technique will expand the detecting targets of liquid biopsy from the presently focused CTCs in whole blood to the exfoliated tumor cells (ETCs) in other large-volume clinical samples, such as BALF, urine and pleural fluid. Meanwhile, the technique is easy to operate and ready for integration with other separation and analysis tools to fulfill a powerful system for practical clinical applications of liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoping Liu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
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37
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Liu Y, Xu H, Zhang L, Wang W. Microfabrication of Micropore Array for Cell Separation and Cell Assay. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E620. [PMID: 30477222 PMCID: PMC6315758 DOI: 10.3390/mi9120620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Micropore arrays have attracted a substantial amount of attention due to their strong capability to separate specific cell types, such as rare tumor cells, from a heterogeneous sample and to perform cell assays on a single cell level. Micropore array filtration has been widely used in rare cell type separation because of its potential for a high sample throughput, which is a key parameter for practical clinical applications. However, most of the present micropore arrays suffer from a low throughput, resulting from a low porosity. Therefore, a robust microfabrication process for high-porosity micropore arrays is urgently demanded. This study investigated four microfabrication processes for micropore array preparation in parallel. The results revealed that the Parylene-C molding technique with a silicon micropillar array as the template is the optimized strategy for the robust preparation of a large-area and high-porosity micropore array, along with a high size controllability. The Parylene-C molding technique is compatible with the traditional micromechanical system (MEMS) process and ready for scale-up manufacture. The prepared Parylene-C micropore array is promising for various applications, such as rare tumor cell separation and cell assays in liquid biopsy for cancer precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoping Liu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Han Xu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Lingqian Zhang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- R&D Center of Healthcare Electronics, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Beijing 100871, China.
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38
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Characterization of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer patients by spiral microfluidics. Cell Biol Toxicol 2018; 35:59-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-018-09454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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39
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Guo Y, Shang X, Liu F, Hu Y, Li S, Liu J, Wu F. Novel Enhancer for Luminol-AuNP Electrochemiluminescence and Decoration on RNA Membranes for Effective Cytosensing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:1647-1655. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingshu Guo
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Shang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinhua Hu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Wu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, China
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40
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Experimental investigation of oil-in-water microfiltration assisted by Dielectrophoresis: Operational condition optimization. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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41
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Palmirotta R, Lovero D, Cafforio P, Felici C, Mannavola F, Pellè E, Quaresmini D, Tucci M, Silvestris F. Liquid biopsy of cancer: a multimodal diagnostic tool in clinical oncology. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2018; 10:1758835918794630. [PMID: 30181785 PMCID: PMC6116068 DOI: 10.1177/1758835918794630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, the concept of precision medicine has dramatically renewed
the field of medical oncology; the introduction of patient-tailored therapies
has significantly improved all measurable outcomes. Liquid biopsy is a
revolutionary technique that is opening previously unexpected perspectives. It
consists of the detection and isolation of circulating tumor cells, circulating
tumor DNA and exosomes, as a source of genomic and proteomic information in
patients with cancer. Many technical hurdles have been resolved thanks to newly
developed techniques and next-generation sequencing analyses, allowing a broad
application of liquid biopsy in a wide range of settings. Initially correlated
to prognosis, liquid biopsy data are now being studied for cancer diagnosis,
hopefully including screenings, and most importantly for the prediction of
response or resistance to given treatments. In particular, the identification of
specific mutations in target genes can aid in therapeutic decisions, both in the
appropriateness of treatment and in the advanced identification of secondary
resistance, aiming to early diagnose disease progression. Still application is
far from reality but ongoing research is leading the way to a new era in
oncology. This review summarizes the main techniques and applications of liquid
biopsy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Palmirotta
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenica Lovero
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Cafforio
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Felici
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Mannavola
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Pellè
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Davide Quaresmini
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Tucci
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, 70124, Italy
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42
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Wu LL, Tang M, Zhang ZL, Qi CB, Hu J, Ma XY, Pang DW. Chip-Assisted Single-Cell Biomarker Profiling of Heterogeneous Circulating Tumor Cells Using Multifunctional Nanospheres. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10518-10526. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Man Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Chu-Bo Qi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Xu-Yan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, The Institute for Advanced Studies, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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43
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Khetani S, Mohammadi M, Nezhad AS. Filter-based isolation, enrichment, and characterization of circulating tumor cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:2504-2529. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Khetani
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory; University of Calgary; Calgary Canada
- Center for BioEngineering Research and Education, University of Calgary; Calgary Canada
| | - Mehdi Mohammadi
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory; University of Calgary; Calgary Canada
- Center for BioEngineering Research and Education, University of Calgary; Calgary Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Calgary; Calgary Canada
| | - Amir Sanati Nezhad
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory; University of Calgary; Calgary Canada
- Center for BioEngineering Research and Education, University of Calgary; Calgary Canada
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Yang F, Zhang Y, Cui X, Fan Y, Xue Y, Miao H, Li G. Extraction of Cell-Free Whole Blood Plasma Using a Dielectrophoresis-Based Microfluidic Device. Biotechnol J 2018; 14:e1800181. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
- Department of Pediatrics; The First Hospital of Jilin University; Jilin University; Changchun 130021 China
| | - Xi Cui
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Yutong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Ying Xue
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Haipeng Miao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; Changchun 130012 China
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45
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Hao N, Nie Y, Shen T, Zhang JXJ. Microfluidics-enabled rational design of immunomagnetic nanomaterials and their shape effect on liquid biopsy. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1997-2002. [PMID: 29923569 PMCID: PMC6071334 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00273h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics brings unique opportunities for the synthesis of nanomaterials toward efficient liquid biopsy. Herein, we developed the microreactor-enabled flow synthesis of immunomagnetic nanomaterials with controllable shapes (sphere, cube, rod, and belt) by simply tuning the flow rates. The particle shape-dependent screening efficiency of circulating tumor cells was first investigated and compared with commercial ferrofluids, providing new insights into the rational design of a particulate system toward the screening and analysis of circulating tumor biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanjing Hao
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
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Jin X, Chen R, Zhao S, Li P, Xue B, Chen X, Zhu X. An efficient method for CTCs screening with excellent operability by integrating Parsortix™-like cell separation chip and selective size amplification. Biomed Microdevices 2018; 20:51. [PMID: 29926198 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-018-0293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this article, an attempt for efficient screening of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with excellent operability on microfluidic chips was reported. A Parsortix™-like cell separation chip was manufactured in our lab. This chip allowed lateral flow of fluid which increased the flow rate of blood. And, an air valve controlled injection pump was manufactured which allowed eight chips working simultaneously. This greatly facilitated the blood treatment process and saved time. As for the mechanism of screening circulating tumor cells, selective size amplification was utilized. By size amplification of cancer cells, both the hardness and the size of CTCs increased which differentiated them from blood cells. And the modification procedure of beads used for size amplification of cancer cells was optimized. Finally, by integrating the commercialized Parsortix™-like cell separation chip and selective size amplification, a practical method for screening circulating tumor cells was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Shikun Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Peiyong Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bai Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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47
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Nie L, Li F, Huang X, Aguilar ZP, Wang YA, Xiong Y, Fu F, Xu H. Folic Acid Targeting for Efficient Isolation and Detection of Ovarian Cancer CTCs from Human Whole Blood Based on Two-Step Binding Strategy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:14055-14062. [PMID: 29620849 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies regarding circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have great significance for cancer prognosis, treatment monitoring, and metastasis diagnosis. However, due to their extremely low concentration in peripheral blood, isolation and enrichment of CTCs are the key steps for early detection. To this end, targeting the folic acid receptors (FRs) on the CTC surface for capture with folic acid (FA) using bovine serum albumin (BSA)-tether for multibiotin enhancement in combination with streptavidin-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs-SA) was developed for ovarian cancer CTC isolation. The streptavidin-biotin-system-mediated two-step binding strategy was shown to capture CTCs from whole blood efficiently without the need for a pretreatment process. The optimized parameters for this system exhibited an average capture efficiency of 80%, which was 25% higher than that of FA-decorated magnetic nanoparticles based on the one-step CTC separation method. Moreover, the isolated cells remained highly viable and were cultured directly without detachment from the MNPs-SA-biotin-CTC complex. Furthermore, when the system was applied for the isolation and detection of CTCs in ovarian cancer patients' peripheral blood samples, it exhibited an 80% correlation with clinical diagnostic criteria. The results indicated that FA targeting, in combination with BSA-based multibiotin enhancement magnetic nanoparticle separation, is a promising tool for CTC enrichment and detection of early-stage ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liju Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang 330006 , China
- Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Nanchang 330000 , China
| | - Fulai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
| | | | | | - Yonghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
| | - Fen Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang 330006 , China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
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48
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LI CHIYU, LI WANG, GENG CHUNYANG, REN HAIJUN, YU XIAOHUI, LIU BO. MICROFLUIDIC CHIP FOR CANCER CELL DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS. J MECH MED BIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519418300016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Since cancer becomes the most deadly disease to our health, research on early detection on cancer cells is necessary for clinical treatment. The combination of microfluidic device with cell biology has shown a unique method for cancer cell research. In the present review, recent development on microfluidic chip for cancer cell detection and diagnosis will be addressed. Some typical microfluidic chips focussed on cancer cells and their advantages for different kinds of cancer cell detection and diagnosis will be listed, and the cell capture methods within the microfluidics will be simultaneously mentioned. Then the potential direction of microfluidic chip on cancer cell detection and diagnosis in the future is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- CHIYU LI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning Province 116024, P. R. China
| | - WANG LI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning Province 116024, P. R. China
| | - CHUNYANG GENG
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning Province 116024, P. R. China
| | - HAIJUN REN
- Dalian Friendship Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116024, P. R. China
| | - XIAOHUI YU
- Dalian Institute of Maternal and Child Health Care, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116024, P. R. China
| | - BO LIU
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian Liaoning Province 116024, P. R. China
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49
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Size-based separation methods of circulating tumor cells. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 125:3-20. [PMID: 29326054 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) originate from the primary tumor mass and enter into the peripheral bloodstream. Compared to other "liquid biopsy" portfolios such as exosome, circulating tumor DNA/RNA (ctDNA/RNA), CTCs have incomparable advantages in analyses of transcriptomics, proteomics, and signal colocalization. Hence, CTCs hold the key to understanding the biology of metastasis and play a vital role in cancer diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis. Size-based enrichment features are prominent in CTC isolation. It is a label-free, simple and fast method. Enriched CTCs remain unmodified and viable for a wide range of subsequent analyses. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the differences of size and deformability between CTCs and blood cells, which would facilitate the development of technologies of size-based CTC isolation. Then we review representative size-/deformability-based technologies available for CTC isolation and highlight the recent achievements in molecular analysis of isolated CTCs. To wrap up, we discuss the substantial challenges facing the field, and elaborate on prospects.
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50
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An L, Wang G, Han Y, Li T, Jin P, Liu S. Electrochemical biosensor for cancer cell detection based on a surface 3D micro-array. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:335-342. [PMID: 29260185 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc01117b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The detection of rare circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in patients' blood is crucial for the early diagnosis of cancer, highly precise cancer therapy and monitoring therapeutic outcomes in real time. In this study we have developed an efficient strategy to capture and detect CTCs from the blood of cancer patients using a benzoboric acid modified gold-plated polymeric substrate with a regular 3D surface array. Compared with the smooth substrate, the substrate with the surface 3D microarrays exhibited a higher capture efficiency, i.e. 3.8 times that afforded by the smooth substrate. Additionally, due to the reversible reaction between the benzoboric acid on the 3D microarray and the sialic acid on CTCs, our strategy allowed for easy detachment of the captured CTCs from the substrate without causing critical damage to the cells. This will be of benefit for gaining further access to these rare cells for downstream characterization. The proposed strategy provides several advantages, including enhanced capture efficiency, high sensitivity, low cost and recovery of isolated CTCs, and could become a promising platform for early stage diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li An
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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