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Huang J, Xu Y. Autoimmunity: A New Focus on Nasal Polyps. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098444. [PMID: 37176151 PMCID: PMC10179643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has long been considered a benign, chronic inflammatory, and hyperplastic disease. Recent studies have shown that autoimmune-related mechanisms are involved in the pathology of nasal polyps. Activated plasma cells, eosinophils, basophils, innate type 2 lymphocytes, mast cells, and proinflammatory cytokine in polyp tissue indicate the mobilization of innate and adaptive immune pathways during polyp formation. The discovery of a series of autoantibodies further supports the autoimmune nature of nasal polyps. Local homeostasis dysregulation, infection, and chronic inflammation may trigger autoimmunity through several mechanisms, including autoantigens overproduction, microbial translocation, molecular mimicry, superantigens, activation or inhibition of receptors, bystander activation, dysregulation of Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs), epitope spreading, autoantigens complementarity. In this paper, we elaborated on the microbiome-mediated mechanism, abnormal host immunity, and genetic changes to update the role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Niegowska M, Rapini N, Biet F, Piccinini S, Bay S, Lidano R, Manca Bitti ML, Sechi LA. Seroreactivity against Specific L5P Antigen from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Children at Risk for T1D. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157962. [PMID: 27336739 PMCID: PMC4919038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Hypothesis Although numerous environmental agents have been investigated over the years as possible triggers of type 1 diabetes (T1D), its causes remain unclear. We have already demonstrated an increased prevalence of antibodies against peptides derived from Mycobacterium avuim subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) homologous to human zinc transporter 8 protein (ZnT8) and proinsulin in Italian subjects at risk for or affected by T1D. In this study, we compared titers of the previously detected antibodies with seroreactivity to MAP lipopentapetide (L5P) that recently emerged as a strong immunogenic component able to specifically distinguish MAP from other mycobacteria. Methods Plasma of 32 children and youth at risk for T1D including follow-up samples and 42 age-matched healthy controls (HC) recruited at the Tor Vergata University Hospital in Rome was analyzed by indirect ELISA for the presence of antibodies against MAP-derived epitopes MAP3865c133–141, MAP3865c125-133, MAP2404c70-85 and MAP1,4αgbp157-173 along with their ZnT8 and proinsulin homologs. The data were analyzed through two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test and relation between variables was determined by principal component analysis. Results Responses to L5P were not detectable in subjects whose initial seroreactivity to MAP peptides and their human homologs was lost in follow-up samples, whereas anti-L5P antibodies appeared constantly in individuals with a stable immunity against MAP antigens. The overall coincidence in positivity to L5P and the four MAP epitopes both in children at risk for T1D and HC exceeded 90%. Conclusions MAP-derived homologs may cross-react with ZnT8 and proinsulin peptides inducing immune responses at a young age in subjects predisposed for T1D. Thus, L5P may have a diagnostic value to immediately indicate the presence of anti-MAP seroreactivity when evaluation of a more complex antibody status is not required. Almost complete coincidence in responses to both types of antigens lends support to the involvement of MAP in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Niegowska
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Novella Rapini
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Frank Biet
- UMR1282, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (ISP-311), INRA Centre Val de Loire, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Simona Piccinini
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Sylvie Bay
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Lidano
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Manca Bitti
- Pediatric Diabetology Unit, Policlinico di Tor Vergata, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo A. Sechi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Peddireddy V, Doddam SN, Qureshi IA, Yerra P, Ahmed N. A putative nitroreductase from the DosR regulon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces pro-inflammatory cytokine expression via TLR2 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24535. [PMID: 27094446 PMCID: PMC4837367 DOI: 10.1038/srep24535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a global encumbrance and it is estimated that nearly one third population of the world acts as a reservoir for this pathogen without any symptoms. In this study, we attempted to characterise one of the genes of DosR regulon, Rv3131, a FMN binding nitroreductase domain containing protein, for its ability to alter cytokine profile, an essential feature of M. tuberculosis latency. Recombinant Rv3131 stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokines in THP-1 cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a time and dose dependent manner. In silico analyses using docking and simulations indicated that Rv3131 could strongly interact with TLR2 via a non-covalent bonding which was further confirmed using cell based colorimetric assay. In THP-1 cells treated with Rv3131 protein, a significant upsurge in the surface expression, overall induction and expression of mRNA of TLR2 was observed when analysed by flow cytometry, western blotting and real time PCR, respectively. Activation of TLR2 by Rv3131 resulted in the phosphorylation of NF- κβ. Results of this study indicate a strong immunogenic capability of Rv3131 elicited via the activation of TLR2 signalling pathway. Therefore, it can be surmised that cytokine secretion induced by Rv3131 might contribute to establishment of M. tuberculosis in the granulomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyullatha Peddireddy
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - Sankara Narayana Doddam
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - Insaf A. Qureshi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad India
| | - Priyadarshini Yerra
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 India
| | - Niyaz Ahmed
- Pathogen Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 India
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Qasem A, Abdel-Aty A, Abu-Suwa H, Naser SA. Oxidative stress due to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection upregulates selenium-dependent GPx activity. Gut Pathog 2016; 8:12. [PMID: 26997979 PMCID: PMC4797197 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-016-0090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was designed to determine the relationship between Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, in the blood of humans and cattle infected with MAP. Design MAP infection status and GPx activity were determined in sera from 42 cattle, a group of 27 patients with Crohn’s disease and 27 of their healthy biological relatives, and a group of 66 subjects with various diseases other than Crohn’s disease and 34 non-related healthy subjects. Results GPx activity was significantly higher overall in the case of MAP infection in both humans and cattle. The mean value for GPx activity was 1.59 ± 0.65 units/ml in MAP positive cattle compared to 0.46907 ± 0.28 units/ml in healthy cattle sera, where a unit was defined as one mmol/minute (P < 0.01). The mean value of the GPx activity in MAP negative humans clinical sera was 0.42367 ± 0.229 units/ml compared to 0.80941 ± 0.521 in MAP positive sera in a study comparing Crohn’s disease patients to their healthy relatives. The mean activity in MAP negative humans was 0.4702 ± 0.1299 compared to 0.6510 ± 00.1665 units/ml in positive samples in a randomized field study of 100 subjects. Conclusion This study demonstrated a strong correlation between MAP and the elevation of GPx activity. This was especially evident in Crohn’s patients, which further supports the association of MAP and Crohn’s disease. GPx activity may also be used to predict MAP infection status and to show that Crohn’s disease patients who are infected with MAP have higher tendency to develop oxidative stress than Crohn’s disease patients who are negative for the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Qasem
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL USA
| | - Ahmad Abdel-Aty
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL USA
| | - Huda Abu-Suwa
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL USA
| | - Saleh A Naser
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL USA
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Vergnon-Miszczycha D, Suy F, Robert F, Carricajo A, Fresard A, Cazorla C, Guglielminotti C, Lucht F, Botelho-Nevers E. Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with Mycobacterium bovis lymphadenitis. Infection 2015; 43:603-8. [PMID: 25814190 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-015-0762-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease that can be triggered by different infectious agents. Here we report the case of a 26-year-old Algerian woman who developed GBS associated with a Mycobacterium bovis cervical lymphadenitis. Following intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, the patient's neurologic state returned to normal after 3 months. The lymphadenitis responded more slowly to the antituberculous treatment and an excision of necrotic cervical lymph nodes had to be performed four times. Antibiotics were administered for 16 months: ethambutol was stopped after 2 months, and rifampicin and isoniazid pursued for 14 months. An extensive etiological investigation showed that, in this case, the only likely infectious trigger GBS was the concomitant M. bovis infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of GBS triggered by M. bovis. We performed a literature review revealing that the association between tuberculosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome is very rare (only seven cases previously reported) but is not coincidental. Physicians should be aware that tuberculosis can be a cause of GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Vergnon-Miszczycha
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France.
| | | | - Florence Robert
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Anne Carricajo
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Anne Fresard
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Céline Cazorla
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Claire Guglielminotti
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Frédéric Lucht
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Nord, 42055, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France.
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