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Marchesi E, Melloni E, Casciano F, Pozza E, Argazzi R, De Risi C, Preti L, Perrone D, Navacchia ML. Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of Nucleoside-Nitric Oxide Photo-Donor Hybrids. Molecules 2024; 29:3383. [PMID: 39064961 PMCID: PMC11279448 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of a new hybrid compound based on a 2'-deoxyuridine nucleoside conjugated with a NO photo-donor moiety (dU-t-NO) via CuAAC click chemistry. Hybrid dU-t-NO, as well as two previously reported 2'-deoxyadenosine based hybrids (dAdo-S-NO and dAdo-t-NO), were evaluated for their cytotoxic and cytostatic activities in selected cancer cell lines. dAdo-S-NO and dAdo-t-NO hybrids displayed higher activity with respect to dU-t-NO. All hybrids showed effective release of NO in the micromolar range. The photochemical behavior of the newly reported hybrid, dU-t-NO, was studied in the RKO colon carcinoma cell line, whereas the dAdo-t-NO hybrid was tested in both colon carcinoma RKO and hepatocarcinoma Hep 3B2.1-7 cell lines to evaluate the potential effect of NO released upon irradiation on cell viability. A customized irradiation apparatus for in vitro experiments was also designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marchesi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (R.A.); (C.D.R.)
| | - Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.)
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.)
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Pozza
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.P.)
| | - Roberto Argazzi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (R.A.); (C.D.R.)
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmela De Risi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (R.A.); (C.D.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Preti
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Daniela Perrone
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Maria Luisa Navacchia
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy
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2
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Temprano A, Sanchez de Blas B, Pérez-Melero C, Espinosa-Escudero R, Briz O, Cinca-Fernando P, Llera L, Monte MJ, Bermejo-Gonzalez FA, Marin JJ, Romero MR. Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Usefulness in Liver Function Assessment of Novel Bile Acid Derivatives with Near-Infrared Fluorescence (NIRBAD). Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:971-980. [PMID: 38958375 PMCID: PMC11261600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Conventional serum markers often fail to accurately detect cholestasis accompanying many liver diseases. Although elevation in serum bile acid (BA) levels sensitively reflects impaired hepatobiliary function, other factors altering BA pool size and enterohepatic circulation can affect these levels. To develop fluorescent probes for extracorporeal noninvasive hepatobiliary function assessment by real-time monitoring methods, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions were used to conjugate near-infrared (NIR) fluorochromes with azide-functionalized BA derivatives (BAD). The resulting compounds (NIRBADs) were chromatographically (FC and PTLC) purified (>95%) and characterized by fluorimetry, 1H NMR, and HRMS using ESI ionization coupled to quadrupole TOF mass analysis. Transport studies using CHO cells stably expressing the BA carrier NTCP were performed by flow cytometry. Extracorporeal fluorescence was detected in anesthetized rats by high-resolution imaging analysis. Three NIRBADs were synthesized by conjugating alkynocyanine 718 with cholic acid (CA) at the COOH group via an ester (NIRBAD-1) or amide (NIRBAD-3) spacer, or at the 3α-position by a triazole link (NIRBAD-2). NIRBADs were efficiently taken up by cells expressing NTCP, which was inhibited by taurocholic acid (TCA). Following i.v. administration of NIRBAD-3 to rats, liver uptake and consequent release of NIR fluorescence could be extracorporeally monitored. This transient organ-specific handling contrasted with the absence of release to the intestine of alkynocyanine 718 and the lack of hepatotropism observed with other probes, such as indocyanine green. NIRBAD-3 administration did not alter serum biomarkers of hepatic and renal toxicity. NIRBADs can serve as probes to evaluate hepatobiliary function by noninvasive extracorporeal methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro
G. Temprano
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sanchez de Blas
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Concepción Pérez-Melero
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Ricardo Espinosa-Escudero
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Paula Cinca-Fernando
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Lucia Llera
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Maria J. Monte
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | | | - Jose J.G. Marin
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Marta R. Romero
- Experimental
Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca 37007, Spain
- Center
for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain
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3
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Marchesi E, Gentili V, Bortolotti D, Preti L, Marchetti P, Cristofori V, Fantinati A, Rizzo R, Trapella C, Perrone D, Navacchia ML. Dihydroartemisinin-Ursodeoxycholic Bile Acid Hybrids in the Fight against SARS-CoV-2. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:45078-45087. [PMID: 38046338 PMCID: PMC10688034 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, we propose the molecular hybridization of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and ursodeoxycholic bile acid (UDCA), approved drugs, for the preparation of antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2. DHA and UDCA were selected on the basis of their recently demonstrated in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2. A selection of DHA-UDCA-based hybrids obtained by varying the nature of the linkage and the bile acid conjugation point as well as unconjugated DHA and UDCA were tested in vitro for cytotoxicity and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity on Vero E6 and Calu-3 human lung cells. The hybrid DHA-t-UDCMe, obtained by conjugation via click chemistry on a gram scale, was identified as a potential candidate for SARS-CoV-2 infection treatment due to significant reduction of viral replication, possibly involving ACE2 downregulation, no cytotoxicity, and chemical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marchesi
- Department
of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Gentili
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daria Bortolotti
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Preti
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Virginia Cristofori
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Fantinati
- Department
of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Trapella
- Department
of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daniela Perrone
- Department
of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Navacchia
- Institute
for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research
Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
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Agarwal DS, Sakhuja R, Beteck RM, Legoabe LJ. Steroid-triazole conjugates: A brief overview of synthesis and their application as anticancer agents. Steroids 2023:109258. [PMID: 37330161 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Steroids are biomolecules that play pivotal roles in various physiological and drug discovery processes. Abundant research has been fuelled towards steroid-heterocycles conjugates over the last few decades as potential therapeutic agents against various diseases especially as anticancer agents. In this context various steroid-triazole conjugates have been synthesized and studied for their anticancer potential against various cancer cell lines. A thorough search of the literatures revealed that a concise review pertaining the present topic is not compiled. Therefore, in thus review we summarize the synthesis, anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines and structure activity relationship (SAR) of various steroid-triazole conjugates. This review can lay down the path towards the development of various steroid-heterocycles conjugates with lesser side effects and profound efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh S Agarwal
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Rajeev Sakhuja
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, India
| | - Richard M Beteck
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Lesetja J Legoabe
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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5
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Melloni E, Marchesi E, Preti L, Casciano F, Rimondi E, Romani A, Secchiero P, Navacchia ML, Perrone D. Synthesis and Biological Investigation of Bile Acid-Paclitaxel Hybrids. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27020471. [PMID: 35056786 PMCID: PMC8779069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chenodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid (CDCA and UDCA, respectively) have been conjugated with paclitaxel (PTX) anticancer drugs through a high-yield condensation reaction. Bile acid-PTX hybrids (BA-PTX) have been investigated for their pro-apoptotic activity towards a selection of cancer cell lines as well as healthy fibroblast cells. Chenodeoxycholic-PTX hybrid (CDC-PTX) displayed cytotoxicity and cytoselectivity similar to PTX, whereas ursodeoxycholic-PTX hybrid (UDC-PTX) displayed some anticancer activity only towards HCT116 colon carcinoma cells. Pacific Blue (PB) conjugated derivatives of CDC-PTX and UDC-PTX (CDC-PTX-PB and UDC-PTX-PB, respectively) were also prepared via a multistep synthesis for evaluating their ability to enter tumor cells. CDC-PTX-PB and UDC-PTX-PB flow cytometry clearly showed that both CDCA and UDCA conjugation to PTX improved its incoming into HCT116 cells, allowing the derivatives to enter the cells up to 99.9%, respect to 35% in the case of PTX. Mean fluorescence intensity analysis of cell populations treated with CDC-PTX-PB and UDC-PTX-PB also suggested that CDC-PTX-PB could have a greater ability to pass the plasmatic membrane than UDC-PTX-PB. Both hybrids showed significant lower toxicity with respect to PTX on the NIH-3T3 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Elena Marchesi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Preti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center for the Study of Multiple Sclerosis and Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Rimondi
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Arianna Romani
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Maria Luisa Navacchia
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.L.N.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniela Perrone
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.L.N.); (D.P.)
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6
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Bile-Acid-Appended Triazolyl Aryl Ketones: Design, Synthesis, In Vitro Anticancer Activity and Pharmacokinetics in Rats. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195741. [PMID: 34641285 PMCID: PMC8510344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A library of bile-acid-appended triazolyl aryl ketones was synthesized and characterized by detailed spectroscopic techniques such as 1H and 13C NMR, HRMS and HPLC. All the synthesized conjugates were evaluated for their cytotoxicity at 10 µM against MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) and 4T1 (mouse mammary carcinoma) cells. In vitro cytotoxicity studies on the synthesized conjugates against MCF-7 and 4T1 cells indicated one of the conjugate 6cf to be most active against both cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 5.71 µM and 8.71 µM, respectively, as compared to the reference drug docetaxel, possessing IC50 values of 9.46 µM and 13.85 µM, respectively. Interestingly, another compound 6af (IC50 = 2.61 µM) was found to possess pronounced anticancer activity as compared to the reference drug docetaxel (IC50 = 9.46 µM) against MCF-7. In addition, the potent compounds (6cf and 6af) were found to be non-toxic to normal human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK 293), as evident from their cell viability of greater than 86%. Compound 6cf induces higher apoptosis in comparison to 6af (46.09% vs. 33.89%) in MCF-7 cells, while similar apoptotic potential was observed for 6cf and 6af in 4T1 cells. The pharmacokinetics of 6cf in Wistar rats showed an MRT of 8.47 h with a half-life of 5.63 h. Clearly, these results suggest 6cf to be a potential candidate for the development of anticancer agents.
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Navacchia ML, Marchesi E, Perrone D. Bile Acid Conjugates with Anticancer Activity: Most Recent Research. Molecules 2020; 26:E25. [PMID: 33374573 PMCID: PMC7793148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The advantages of a treatment modality that combines two or more therapeutic agents in cancer therapy encourages the study of hybrid functional compounds for pharmacological applications. In light of this, we reviewed recent works on hybrid molecules based on bile acids. Due to their biological properties, as well as their different chemical/biochemical reactive moieties, bile acids can be considered very interesting starting molecules for conjugation with natural or synthetic bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Navacchia
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Marchesi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Daniela Perrone
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
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8
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Mishra R, Mishra S. Updates in bile acid-bioactive molecule conjugates and their applications. Steroids 2020; 159:108639. [PMID: 32222373 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bile acid conjugates are emerging as important chemical resources due to their low cost and wide availability of bile acids, making them privileged molecules in drug carrier systems and building blocks for derivatization and chiral template introduction into bioactive molecules. In recent years, bile acids as scaffolds in supramolecular, medicinal, and material chemistry attracted prime focus of researchers as an area of research to be followed with passion. Due to peculiar physicochemical and biological properties, bile acid exhibited various applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. In this review, the bile acid conjugations with different bioactive compounds have been discussed to understand their influence on the bioavailability of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roli Mishra
- Department of Physical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India
| | - Satyendra Mishra
- Department of Physical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382007, India.
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9
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Marchesi E, Chinaglia N, Capobianco ML, Marchetti P, Huang TE, Weng HC, Guh JH, Hsu LC, Perrone D, Navacchia ML. Dihydroartemisinin-Bile Acid Hybridization as an Effective Approach to Enhance Dihydroartemisinin Anticancer Activity. ChemMedChem 2020; 14:779-787. [PMID: 30724466 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of hybrid compounds based on natural products-bile acids and dihydroartemisinin-were prepared by different synthetic methodologies and investigated for their in vitro biological activity against HL-60 leukemia and HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Most of these hybrids presented significantly improved antiproliferative activities with respect to dihydroartemisinin and the parent bile acid. The two most potent hybrids of the series exhibited a 10.5- and 15.4-fold increase in cytotoxic activity respect to dihydroartemisinin alone in HL-60 and HepG2 cells, respectively. Strong evidence that an ursodeoxycholic acid hybrid induced apoptosis was obtained by flow cytometric analysis and western blot analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marchesi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Chinaglia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo L Capobianco
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tzu-En Huang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33 Linsen South Road, Taipei, 10050, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Cheng Weng
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33 Linsen South Road, Taipei, 10050, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hwa Guh
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33 Linsen South Road, Taipei, 10050, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, No. 33 Linsen South Road, Taipei, 10050, Taiwan
| | - Daniela Perrone
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Navacchia
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
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Agarwal DS, Siva Krishna V, Sriram D, Yogeeswari P, Sakhuja R. Clickable conjugates of bile acids and nucleosides: Synthesis, characterization, in vitro anticancer and antituberculosis studies. Steroids 2018; 139:35-44. [PMID: 30236620 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of clickable bile acid-nucleosides conjugates linked directly or via amino acid linker were synthesized, and characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, HRMS and HPLC. The synthesized compounds 6a-p were screened for their in vitro anticancer property against a panel of three cancer cell lines (PC-3, MCF-7, IMR-32). In addition, the synthesized derivatives were also tested for their antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294 strain). Among the screened compounds, cholic acid-uridine clicked conjugate (6c), and cholic acid-uridine clicked conjugate liked via phenylalanine moiety (6m) were found to be most active against MCF-7 and IMR-32 exhibiting an IC50 value of 8.084 and 8.71 µM, respectively. The antimycobacterial study of the synthesized conjugates revealed all the conjugates to be active with MIC values in the range of 4.09-15.41 µM. Deoxycholic acid-adenosine clicked conjugate (6b) showed most promising antituberculosis property with MIC value of 4.09 µM. Most of the synthesized conjugates were found to be safe at 50 µM against normal human embryonic kidney (HEK 293 T) cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh S Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vagolu Siva Krishna
- Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Perumal Yogeeswari
- Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Rajeev Sakhuja
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
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11
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Massarenti C, Bortolini O, Fantin G, Cristofaro D, Ragno D, Perrone D, Marchesi E, Toniolo G, Massi A. Fluorous-tag assisted synthesis of bile acid-bisphosphonate conjugates via orthogonal click reactions: an access to potential anti-resorption bone drugs. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:4907-4920. [PMID: 28548149 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00774d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a small collection of novel bile acid-bisphosphonate (BA-BP) conjugates as potential drug candidates is reported. The disclosed methodology relied on the installation of azide and thiol functionalities at the head and tail positions, respectively, of the BA scaffold and its subsequent decoration by orthogonal click reactions (copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, thiol-ene or thiol-yne coupling) to introduce BP units and a fluorophore. Because of the troublesome isolation of the target conjugates by standard procedures, the methodology culminated with the functionalization of the BA scaffold with a light fluorous tag to rapidly and efficiently purify intermediates and final products by fluorous solid-phase extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Massarenti
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
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12
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Rational Design of Nucleoside-Bile Acid Conjugates Incorporating a Triazole Moiety for Anticancer Evaluation and SAR Exploration. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101710. [PMID: 29023408 PMCID: PMC6151511 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we report a study on the synthesis and biological evaluation of a library of nucleoside-bile acid conjugates prepared by combining 2′-deoxyadenosine, 2′-deoxyguanosine, 2′-deoxyuridine as well as adenosine and guanosine derivatives with cheno-, urso-, nor-cheno-, nor-urso- and taurourso-desoxycholic acid derivatives by means of the click reaction. The new nucleoside-bile acid conjugates incorporating a triazole moiety were tested in vitro against leukemic K562 and HCT116 colon carcinoma, as well as on normal fibroblast cells. Six compounds displayed interesting anti-proliferative activity against the selected cancer lines and no cytotoxic effects against normal fibroblasts. A possible structure activity relationship was also investigated.
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Islamova LN, Gubskaya VP, Fazleeva GM, Zhelonkina TA, Latypov SK, Sharafutdinova DR, Nuretdinov IA, Sinyashin OG. Synthesis of derivatives of fullerenes C 60 and C 70 containing pharmacophore groups. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2017.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Navacchia ML, Fraix A, Chinaglia N, Gallerani E, Perrone D, Cardile V, Graziano ACE, Capobianco ML, Sortino S. NO Photoreleaser-Deoxyadenosine and -Bile Acid Derivative Bioconjugates as Novel Potential Photochemotherapeutics. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:939-943. [PMID: 27774133 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This contribution reports the synthesis of some novel bioconjugates with anticancer activity and able to release nitric oxide (NO) under visible light excitation. The 4-nitro-2-(trifluoromethyl)aniline derivative, a suitable NO photodonor, was conjugated with 2'-deoxyadenosine and urso- and cheno-deoxycholic acid derivatives, through a thioalkylic chain or the 4-alkyl-1,2,3-triazole moiety. Photochemical experiments demonstrated the effective release of NO from 2'-deoxyadenosine and ursodeoxycholic acid conjugates under the exclusive control of visible light inputs. Studies for the in vitro antiproliferative activity against leukemic K562 and colon carcinoma HCT116 cell lines are reported for all the compounds as well as a case study of photocytotoxicity against HCT116.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurore Fraix
- Laboratory
of Photochemistry, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Nicola Chinaglia
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gallerani
- Department
of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, corso Giovecca, 203, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daniela Perrone
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari, 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department
of Bio-Medical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Division, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana C. E. Graziano
- Department
of Bio-Medical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Division, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Sortino
- Laboratory
of Photochemistry, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
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