1
|
Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Göen Colak D, Constantinescu D, Cianga I. Thiophene End-Functionalized Oligo-(D,L-Lactide) as a New Electroactive Macromonomer for the "Hairy-Rod" Type Conjugated Polymers Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051094. [PMID: 36904339 PMCID: PMC10006927 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of the modern society imposes a fast-growing demand for new advanced functional polymer materials. To this aim, one of the most plausible current methodologies is the end-group functionalization of existing conventional polymers. If the end functional group is able to polymerize, this method enables the synthesis of a molecularly complex, grafted architecture that opens the access to a wider range of material properties, as well as tailoring the special functions required for certain applications. In this context, the present paper reports on α-thienyl-ω-hydroxyl-end-groups functionalized oligo-(D,L-lactide) (Th-PDLLA), which was designed to combine the polymerizability and photophysical properties of thiophene with the biocompatibility and biodegradability of poly-(D,L-lactide). Th-PDLLA was synthesized using the path of "functional initiator" in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of (D,L)-lactide, assisted by stannous 2-ethyl hexanoate (Sn(oct)2). The results of NMR and FT-IR spectroscopic methods confirmed the Th-PDLLA's expected structure, while the oligomeric nature of Th-PDLLA, as resulting from the calculations based on 1H-NMR data, is supported by the findings from gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and by the results of the thermal analyses. The behavior of Th-PDLLA in different organic solvents, evaluated by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, but also by dynamic light scattering (DLS), suggested the presence of colloidal supramolecular structures, underlining the nature of the macromonomer Th-PDLLA as an "shape amphiphile". To test its functionality, the ability of Th-PDLLA to work as a building block for the synthesis of molecular composites was demonstrated by photoinduced oxidative homopolymerization in the presence of diphenyliodonium salt (DPI). The occurrence of a polymerization process, with the formation of a thiophene-conjugated oligomeric main chain grafted with oligomeric PDLLA, was proven, in addition to the visual changes, by the results of GPC, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV-vis and fluorescence measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, 41A, Grigore–GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luminita Cianga
- “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, 41A, Grigore–GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.); Tel.: +40-332-880-220 (L.C. & I.C.)
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ioan Cianga
- “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, 41A, Grigore–GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.); Tel.: +40-332-880-220 (L.C. & I.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Ailiesei GL, Göen Colak D, Popescu I, Cianga I. Thiophene α-Chain-End-Functionalized Oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) as Precursor Amphiphilic Macromonomer for Grafted Conjugated Oligomers/Polymers and as a Multifunctional Material with Relevant Properties for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7495. [PMID: 35886844 PMCID: PMC9317439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the combination of π-conjugated polymers with biocompatible synthetic counterparts leads to the development of bio-relevant functional materials, this paper reports a new oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (OMeOx)-containing thiophene macromonomer, denoted Th-OMeOx. It can be used as a reactive precursor for synthesis of a polymerizable 2,2'-3-OMeOx-substituted bithiophene by Suzuki coupling. Also a grafted polythiophene amphiphile with OMeOx side chains was synthesized by its self-acid-assisted polymerization (SAAP) in bulk. The results showed that Th-OMeOx is not only a reactive intermediate but also a versatile functional material in itself. This is due to the presence of 2-bromo-substituted thiophene and ω-hydroxyl functional end-groups, and due to the multiple functionalities encoded in its structure (photosensitivity, water self-dispersibility, self-assembling capacity). Thus, analysis of its behavior in solvents of different selectivities revealed that Th-OMeOx forms self-assembled structures (micelles or vesicles) by "direct dissolution".Unexpectedly, by exciting the Th-OMeOx micelles formed in water with λabs of the OMeOx repeating units, the intensity of fluorescence emission varied in a concentration-dependent manner.These self-assembled structures showed excitation-dependent luminescence as well. Attributed to the clusteroluminescence phenomenon due to the aggregation and through space interactions of electron-rich groups in non-conjugated, non-aromatic OMeOx, this behavior certifies that polypeptides mimic the character of Th-OMeOx as a non-conventional intrinsic luminescent material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Luminita Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei
- NMR Spectroscopy Department, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Irina Popescu
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ioan Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Ailiesei GL, Ursu EL, Göen Colak D, Cianga I. 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) End-Group Functionalized Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL): Self-Assembly in Organic Solvents and Its Coincidentally Observed Peculiar Behavior in Thin Film and Protonated Media. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2720. [PMID: 34451259 PMCID: PMC8400159 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
End-group functionalization of homopolymers is a valuable way to produce high-fidelity nanostructured and functional soft materials when the structures obtained have the capacity for self-assembly (SA) encoded in their structural details. Herein, an end-functionalized PCL with a π-conjugated EDOT moiety, (EDOT-PCL), designed exclusively from hydrophobic domains, as a functional "hydrophobic amphiphile", was synthesized in the bulk ROP of ε-caprolactone. The experimental results obtained by spectroscopic methods, including NMR, UV-vis, and fluorescence, using DLS and by AFM, confirm that in solvents with extremely different polarities (chloroform and acetonitrile), EDOT-PCL presents an interaction- and structure-based bias, which is strong and selective enough to exert control over supramolecular packing, both in dispersions and in the film state. This leads to the diversity of SA structures, including spheroidal, straight, and helical rods, as well as orthorhombic single crystals, with solvent-dependent shapes and sizes, confirming that EDOT-PCL behaves as a "block-molecule". According to the results from AFM imaging, an unexpected transformation of micelle-type nanostructures into single 2D lamellar crystals, through breakout crystallization, took place by simple acetonitrile evaporation during the formation of the film on the mica support at room temperature. Moreover, EDOT-PCL's propensity for spontaneous oxidant-free oligomerization in acidic media was proposed as a presumptive answer for the unexpected appearance of blue color during its dissolution in CDCl3 at a high concentration. FT-IR, UV-vis, and fluorescence techniques were used to support this claim. Besides being intriguing and unforeseen, the experimental findings concerning EDOT-PCL have raised new and interesting questions that deserve to be addressed in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.-D.B.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Luminita Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.-D.B.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei
- NMR Spectroscopy Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Elena-Laura Ursu
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.-D.B.); (E.-L.U.)
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey;
| | - Ioan Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A, Grigore-Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.-D.B.); (E.-L.U.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Molina BG, Bendrea AD, Lanzalaco S, Franco L, Cianga L, Del Valle LJ, Puiggali J, Turon P, Armelin E, Cianga I, Aleman C. Smart design for a flexible, functionalized and electroresponsive hybrid platform based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) derivatives to improve cell viability. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8864-8877. [PMID: 33026390 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01259a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Development of smart functionalized materials for tissue engineering has attracted significant attention in recent years. In this work we have functionalized a free-standing film of isotactic polypropylene (i-PP), a synthetic polymer that is typically used for biomedical applications (e.g. fabrication of implants), for engineering a 3D all-polymer flexible interface that enhances cell proliferation by a factor of ca. three. A hierarchical construction process consisting of three steps was engineered as follows: (1) functionalization of i-PP by applying a plasma treatment, resulting in i-PPf; (2) i-PPf surface coating with a layer of polyhydroxymethy-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene nanoparticles (PHMeEDOT NPs) by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of HMeEDOT; and (3) deposition on the previously activated and PHMeEDOT NPs coated i-PP film (i-PPf/NP) of a graft conjugated copolymer, having a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) backbone, and randomly distributed short poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) side chains (PEDOT-g-PCL), as a coating layer of ∼9 μm in thickness. The properties of the resulting bioplatform, which can be defined as a robust macroscopic composite coated with a "molecular composite", were investigated in detail, and both adhesion and proliferation of two human cell lines have been evaluated, as well. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of the PEDOT-g-PCL layer significantly improves cell attachment and cell growth not only when compared to i-PP but also with respect to the same platform coated with only PEDOT, constructed in a similar manner, as a control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda G Molina
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bayat M, Izadan H, Molina BG, Sánchez M, Santiago S, Semnani D, Dinari M, Guirado G, Estrany F, Alemán C. Electrochromic Self-Electrostabilized Polypyrrole Films Doped with Surfactant and Azo Dye. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11111757. [PMID: 31731560 PMCID: PMC6918395 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Two azo dyes, acid red 1 (AR1) and acid red 18 (AR18), were used alone or in combination with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for the electropolymerization of a pyrrole monomer. Polypyrrole (PPy) showed higher redox capacity when SDS and AR18 were used simultaneously as dopant agents (PPy/AR18-SDS) than when the conducting polymer was produced in the presence of SDS, AR18, AR1, or an AR1/SDS mixture. Moreover, PPy/AR18-SDS is a self-stabilizing material that exhibits increasing electrochemical activity with the number of oxidation–reduction cycles. A mechanism supported by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction structural observations was proposed to explain the synergy between the SDS surfactant and the AR18 dye. On the other hand, the Bordeaux red color of PPy/AR18-SDS, which exhibits an optical band gap of 1.9 eV, rapidly changed to orange-yellow and blue colors when films were reduced and oxidized, respectively, by applying linear or step potential ramps. Overall, the results indicate that the synergistic utilization of AR18 and SDS as dopant agents in the same polymerization reaction is a very successful and advantageous strategy for the preparation of PPy films with cutting-edge electrochemical and electrochromic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bayat
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; (M.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Hossein Izadan
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; (M.B.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.I.); (C.A.)
| | - Brenda G. Molina
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (B.G.M.); (M.S.); (F.E.)
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Sánchez
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (B.G.M.); (M.S.); (F.E.)
| | - Sara Santiago
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (S.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Dariush Semnani
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; (M.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Mohammad Dinari
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - Gonzalo Guirado
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (S.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Francesc Estrany
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (B.G.M.); (M.S.); (F.E.)
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (B.G.M.); (M.S.); (F.E.)
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (H.I.); (C.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Molina BG, Cianga L, Bendrea AD, Cianga I, Alemán C, Armelin E. An amphiphilic, heterografted polythiophene copolymer containing biocompatible/biodegradable side chains for use as an (electro)active surface in biomedical applications. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00926d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Design of an amphiphilic heterografted block copolymer composed of a hydrophobic core backbone and both hydrophilic side chains, able to detect the redox reaction of NADH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda G. Molina
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Luminita Cianga
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | | | - Ioan Cianga
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Elaine Armelin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang X, Dai Y. Recent development of brush polymers via polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol)-based macromonomers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00104b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol)-based macromonomers is a facile and versatile synthetic method to generate well-defined brush polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- China
| | - Yu Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Molina BG, Domínguez E, Armelin E, Alemán C. Assembly of Conducting Polymer and Biohydrogel for the Release and Real-Time Monitoring of Vitamin K3. Gels 2018; 4:E86. [PMID: 30674862 PMCID: PMC6318643 DOI: 10.3390/gels4040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report the design and fabrication of a dual-function integrated system to monitor, in real time, the release of previously loaded 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (MeNQ), also named vitamin K3. The newly developed system consists of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoparticles, which were embedded into a poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) biohydrogel during the gelling reaction between the biopolymer chains and the cross-linker, cystamine. After this, agglomerates of PEDOT nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed inside the biohydrogel were used as polymerization nuclei for the in situ anodic synthesis of poly(hydroxymethyl-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) in aqueous solution. After characterization of the resulting flexible electrode composites, their ability to load and release MeNQ was proven and monitored. Specifically, loaded MeNQ molecules, which organized in shells around PEDOT nanoparticles agglomerates when the drug was simply added to the initial gelling solution, were progressively released to a physiological medium. The latter process was successfully monitored using an electrode composite through differential pulse voltammetry. The fabrication of electroactive flexible biohydrogels for real-time release monitoring opens new opportunities for theranostic therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda G Molina
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. C, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eva Domínguez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elaine Armelin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. C, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
- Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. C, 08019, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Molina BG, Cianga L, Bendrea AD, Cianga I, del Valle LJ, Estrany F, Alemán C, Armelin E. Amphiphilic polypyrrole-poly(Schiff base) copolymers with poly(ethylene glycol) side chains: synthesis, properties and applications. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00762d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted random intrinsically conducting copolymers which combine three different functionalities have been engineered, prepared and characterized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda G. Molina
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Luminita Cianga
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | | | - Ioan Cianga
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Luis J. del Valle
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Francesc Estrany
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Elaine Armelin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hackett AJ, Malmström J, Travas-Sejdic J. Functionalization of conducting polymers for biointerface applications. Prog Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
11
|
Molina BG, Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Armelin E, del Valle LJ, Cianga I, Alemán C. The biocompatible polythiophene-g-polycaprolactone copolymer as an efficient dopamine sensor platform. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01326d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic copolymers consisting of an all conjugated polythiophene backbone and sparsely attached oligo-ε-caprolactone side chains have been prepared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda G. Molina
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Anca D. Bendrea
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Luminita Cianga
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Elaine Armelin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Luis J. del Valle
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Ioan Cianga
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Colak DG, Cianga I, Cianga L, Yagci Y. Synthesis and self-assembly of fluorene-vinylene alternating copolymers in “Hairy-Rod” architecture: side chain – mediated tuning of conformation, microstructure and photophysical properties. Des Monomers Polym 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2016.1169382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Demet Göen Colak
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ioan Cianga
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania
| | - Luminita Cianga
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yilmaz T, Guler E, Gumus ZP, Akbulut H, Aldemir E, Coskunol H, Goen Colak D, Cianga I, Yamada S, Timur S, Endo T, Yagci Y. Synthesis and application of a novel poly-l-phenylalanine electroactive macromonomer as matrix for the biosensing of ‘Abused Drug’ model. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01764a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and biosensing application of a novel poly-l-phenylalanine-bearing electroactive macromonomer has been carried out.
Collapse
|
14
|
Nicolaï A, Liu H, Petraglia R, Corminboeuf C. Exploiting Dispersion-Driven Aggregators as a Route to New One-Dimensional Organic Nanowires. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:4422-4428. [PMID: 26495880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of charge carrier mobility in organic semiconductors is heavily dependent upon the long-range organization (i.e., morphology) and the local relative arrangement of the transporting molecules. Here, we exploit London dispersion forces as a design principle to construct compact one-dimensional (1-D) assemblies of quaterthiophene cores. We demonstrate that the substitution of quaterthiophene with dispersion-driven aggregators (e.g., [7]ladderanes, hydrogenated pyrenes, etc.) leads to the formation of highly stable and tightly packed 1-D supramolecular assemblies with electronic compactness superior to that of quaterthiophene crystals. Tunability and even tighter stacking arrangements can be achieved by inserting molecular linkers between the quaterthiophene fragments and the dispersion-driven components. The proposed 1-D nanowires represent an original route toward the rational design of efficient organic semiconductors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Nicolaï
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hongguang Liu
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Petraglia
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xiong GM, Yuan S, Wang JK, Do AT, Tan NS, Yeo KS, Choong C. Imparting electroactivity to polycaprolactone fibers with heparin-doped polypyrrole: Modulation of hemocompatibility and inflammatory responses. Acta Biomater 2015; 23:240-249. [PMID: 25983317 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hemocompatibility, anti-inflammation and anti-thrombogenicity of acellular synthetic vascular grafts remains a challenge in biomaterials design. Using electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers as a template, a coating of polypyrrole (PPy) was successfully polymerized onto the fiber surface. The fibers coated with heparin-doped PPy (PPy-HEP) demonstrated better electroactivity, lower surface resistivity (9-10-fold) and better anti-coagulation response (non-observable plasma recalcification after 30min vs. recalcification at 8-9min) as compared to fibers coated with pristine PPy. Red blood cell compatibility, measured by% hemolysis, was greatly improved on PPy-HEP-coated PCL in comparison to uncoated PCL (3.9±2.1% vs. 22.1±4.1%). PPy-HEP-coated PCL fibers also exhibited higher stiffness values (6.8±0.9MPa vs. 4.2±0.8MPa) as compared to PCL fibers, but similar tensile strengths. It was also observed that the application of a low alternating current led to a 4-fold reduction of platelet activation (as quantitated by CD62p expression) for the PPy-HEP-coated fibers as compared to non-stimulated conditions. In parallel, a reduction in the leukocyte adhesion to both pristine PPy-coated and PPy-HEP-coated fibers was observable with AC stimulation. Overall, a new strategy involving the use of hemocompatible conducting polymers and electrical stimulation to control thrombogenicity and inflammatory responses for synthetic vascular graft designs was demonstrated.
Collapse
|
16
|
Pérez-Madrigal MM, del Valle LJ, Armelin E, Michaux C, Roussel G, Perpète EA, Alemán C. Polypyrrole-supported membrane proteins for bio-inspired ion channels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:1632-43. [PMID: 25585165 DOI: 10.1021/am507142f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical platforms constructed by immobilizing membrane proteins in matrixes made of synthetic organic polymers is a challenge because the structure and function of these proteins are affected by environmental conditions. In this work, an operative composite that regulates the diffusion of alkali ions has been prepared by functionalizing a supporting matrix made of poly(N-methylpyrrole) (PNMPy) with a β-barrel membrane protein (Omp2a) that forms channels and pores. The protein has been unequivocally identified in the composite, and its structure has been shown to remain unaltered. The PNMPy-Omp2a platform fulfills properties typically associated with functional bio-interfaces with biomedical applications (e.g., biocompatibility, biodegrabadility, and hydrophilicity). The functionality of the immobilized protein has been examined by studying the passive ion transport response in the presence of electrolytic solutions with Na(+) and K(+) concentrations close to those found in blood. Although the behavior of PNMPy and PNMPy-Omp2a is very similar for solutions with very low concentration, the resistance of the latter decreases drastically when the concentration of ions increases to ∼100 mM. This reduction reflects an enhanced ion exchange between the biocomposite and the electrolytic medium, which is not observed in PNMPy, evidencing that PNMPy-Omp2a is particularly well suited to prepare bioinspired channels and smart biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Pérez-Madrigal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSEIB, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , Avda. Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pérez-Madrigal MM, Cianga L, del Valle LJ, Cianga I, Alemán C. Electroactive and bioactive films of random copolymers containing terthiophene, carboxyl and Schiff base functionalities in the main chain. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00480b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copolymers made of a bis-thienyl monomer with preformed azomethine linkages and terthiophene are promising functional biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Pérez-Madrigal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- ETSEIB
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona E-08028
- Spain
| | - Luminita Cianga
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Luis J. del Valle
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- ETSEIB
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona E-08028
- Spain
| | - Ioan Cianga
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi
- Romania
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- ETSEIB
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona E-08028
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Soto-Delgado J, Torras J, del Valle LJ, Estrany F, Alemán C. Examining the compatibility of collagen and a polythiophene derivative for the preparation of bioactive platforms. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13812k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and collagen interact specifically forming biocomposites that mimic the growing of biological tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Soto-Delgado
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Andrés Bello
- Viña del Mar
- Chile
| | - Juan Torras
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- Escola d'Enginyeria d'Igualada
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Igualada 08700
- Spain
| | - Luis J. del Valle
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- E. T. S. d'Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona E-08028
- Spain
| | - Francesc Estrany
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- Escola Universitària d'Enginyeria Tècnica Industrial de Barcelona
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- 08036 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- E. T. S. d'Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Barcelona E-08028
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wei Z, Zhu S, Zhao H. Brush macromolecules with thermo-sensitive coil backbones and pendant polypeptide side chains: synthesis, self-assembly and functionalization. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01268b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecular brushes with thermo-sensitive coil backbones and pendant poly(γ-benzyl-l-glutamate) side chains were synthesized by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer and ring-opening polymerization. Functionalization and self-assembly of the macromolecules were investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Shuzhe Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Hanying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mai CK, Arai T, Liu X, Fronk SL, Su GM, Segalman RA, Chabinyc ML, Bazan GC. Electrical properties of doped conjugated polyelectrolytes with modulated density of the ionic functionalities. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17607-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06690e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a series of water soluble anionic narrow band-gap conjugated polyelectrolytes with a varied density of the ionic functional groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kang Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids
| | - Tomoya Arai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids
| | - Stephanie L. Fronk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids
| | - Gregory M. Su
- Materials Research Laboratory
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- Materials Department
| | - Rachel A. Segalman
- Materials Research Laboratory
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- Materials Department
| | - Michael L. Chabinyc
- Materials Research Laboratory
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- Materials Department
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Maione S, Fabregat G, del Valle LJ, Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Cianga I, Estrany F, Alemán C. Effect of the graft ratio on the properties of polythiophene-g-poly(ethylene glycol). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Maione
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química; E. T. S. d'Enginyers Industrials, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Center for Research in Nano-Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; Barcelona E-08028 Spain
| | - Georgina Fabregat
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química; E. T. S. d'Enginyers Industrials, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Center for Research in Nano-Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; Barcelona E-08028 Spain
| | - Luis J. del Valle
- Center for Research in Nano-Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; Barcelona E-08028 Spain
| | - Anca-Dana Bendrea
- ‘Petru Poni’ Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry; 700487 Iasi Romania
| | - Luminita Cianga
- ‘Petru Poni’ Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry; 700487 Iasi Romania
| | - Ioan Cianga
- ‘Petru Poni’ Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry; 700487 Iasi Romania
| | - Francesc Estrany
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química; E. T. S. d'Enginyers Industrials, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química; E. T. S. d'Enginyers Industrials, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; 08028 Barcelona Spain
- ‘Petru Poni’ Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry; 700487 Iasi Romania
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cianga L, Bendrea AD, Fifere N, Nita LE, Doroftei F, Ag D, Seleci M, Timur S, Cianga I. Fluorescent micellar nanoparticles by self-assembly of amphiphilic, nonionic and water self-dispersible polythiophenes with “hairy rod” architecture. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10734a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
23
|
Fabregat G, Teixeira-Dias B, del Valle LJ, Armelin E, Estrany F, Alemán C. Incorporation of a clot-binding peptide into polythiophene: properties of composites for biomedical applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:11940-11954. [PMID: 25069384 DOI: 10.1021/am503904h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Biocomposites formed by a pentapeptide (CREKA), which recognizes clotted plasma proteins, entrapped into the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) matrix have been prepared using three very different procedures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicate that PEDOT-CREKA films, prepared by chronoamperometry in basic aqueous solution (pH = 10.3) and deposited onto a PEDOT internal layer, present the higher concentration of peptide: one CREKA molecule per six polymer repeat units. The surface of this bilayered system shows numerous folds homogeneously distributed, which have been exhaustively characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Indeed, the morphology and topography of such bilayered films is completely different from those of biocomposite-prepared acid aqueous and organic solutions as polymerization media. The impact of the entrapped peptide molecules in the electrochemical properties of the conducting polymer has been found to be practically negligible. In contrast, biocompatibility assays with two different cellular lines indicate that PEDOT-CREKA favors cellular proliferation, which has been attributed to the binding of the peptide to the fibrin molecules from the serum used as a supplement in the culture medium. The latter assumption has been corroborated examining the ability of PEDOT-CREKA to bind fibrin. The latter ability has been also used to explore an alternative strategy based on the treatment of PEDOT-CREKA with fibrin to promote cell attachment and growth. Overall, the results suggest that PEDOT-CREKA is appropriated for multiple biomedical applications combining the electrochemical properties of conducting polymer and the ability of the peptide to recognize and bind proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Fabregat
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSEIB, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , Avda. Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bendrea AD, Fabregat G, Torras J, Maione S, Cianga L, del Valle LJ, Cianga I, Alemán C. Polythiophene-g-poly(ethylene glycol) graft copolymers for electroactive scaffolds. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:4135-4145. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20679c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
25
|
Ouhib F, Desbief S, Lazzaroni R, Melinte S, Duţu CA, Jerôme C, Detrembleur C. Electrografting onto ITO substrates of poly(thiophene)-based micelles decorated by acrylate groups. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00511a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|