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Cabrera-Villamizar L, Campano C, López-Rubio A, Fabra MJ, Prieto MA. Tailoring the structural and physicochemical properties of rice straw cellulose-based cryogels by cell-mediated polyhydroxyalkanoate deposition. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 346:122604. [PMID: 39245490 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a novel biotechnological approach for creating water vapor-resistant cryogels with improved integrity. Rice straw cellulose was transformed into nanofibrils through TEMPO-mediated oxidation and high-pressure homogenization. The resulting cryogels remained firm even when immersed in aqueous media, whose pores were used by live cell to deposit polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) particles inside them. This novel method allowed the compatibilization of PHA within the cellulosic fibers. As a consequence, the water sorption capacity was decreased by up to 6 times having just 4 % of PHA compared to untreated cryogels, preserving the cryogel density and elasticity. Additionally, this technique can be adapted to various bacterial strains and PHA types, allowing for further optimization. It was demonstrated that the amount and type of PHA (medium chain length and small chain length-PHA) used affects the properties for the cryogels, especially the water vapor sorption behavior and the compressive strength. Compared to traditional coating methods, this cell-mediated approach not only allows to distribute PHA on the surface of the cryogel, but also ensures polymer penetration throughout the cryogel due to bacterial self-movement. This study opens doors for creating cryogels with tunable water vapor sorption and other additional functionalities through the use of specialized PHA variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cabrera-Villamizar
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), CSIC, Carrer del Catedràtic Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 7, 46980, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Cristina Campano
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast), CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain; Polymer Biotechnology Group, Biological Research Centre Margarita Salas, Spanish National Research Council (CIB), CSIC, C. Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Amparo López-Rubio
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), CSIC, Carrer del Catedràtic Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 7, 46980, Valencia, Spain; Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast), CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - María José Fabra
- Food Safety and Preservation Department, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), CSIC, Carrer del Catedràtic Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 7, 46980, Valencia, Spain; Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast), CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - M Auxiliadora Prieto
- Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast), CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain; Polymer Biotechnology Group, Biological Research Centre Margarita Salas, Spanish National Research Council (CIB), CSIC, C. Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Raveena, Kumari P. Nanocellulose@gallic Acid-Based MOFs: A Novel Material for Ecofriendly Food Packaging. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:35654-35665. [PMID: 39184514 PMCID: PMC11340005 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The development of an effective food packaging material is essential for safeguarding against infections and preventing chemical, physical, and biological changes during food storage and transportation. In the present study, we successfully synthesized an innovative food packaging material by combining chitosan (CH), nanocellulose (NC), and a gallic acid-based metal-organic framework (MOF). The CH films were prepared using different concentrations of NC (5 and 10%) and MOFs (1.5, 2.5, and 5%). Various properties of prepared films, including water solubility (WS), moisture content (MC), swelling degree, oxygen permeability, water vapor permeability (WVP), mechanical property, color analysis, and light transmittance, were studied. The chitosan film with a 5% NC and 1.5% MOF (CH-5% NC-1.5% MOF) exhibited the least water solubility, moisture content, and water vapor permeability, indicating the overall stability of the film. Additionally, this film demonstrated low oxygen permeability, as indicated by a peroxide value of 18.911 ± 4.009, ensuring the effective preservation of packaged contents. Notably, this synthesized film exhibited high antioxidant activity, resulting in an extended duration of 52 days. This antioxidant activity was further validated by the preservation of apple slices for 9 days in a CH-5% NC-1.5% MOF film. The findings of the study suggest that the developed films can provide a promising and environmentally friendly solution for active food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raveena
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
- Bioorganic
Material Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu
College, University of Delhi, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019, India
| | - Pratibha Kumari
- Bioorganic
Material Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu
College, University of Delhi, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019, India
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3
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Zheng D, Zhu Y, Sun X, Sun H, Yang P, Yu Z, Zhu J, Ye Y, Zhang Y, Jiang F. Equilibrium Moisture Mediated Esterification Reaction to Achieve Over 100% Lignocellulosic Nanofibrils Yield. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402777. [PMID: 38934355 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic nanofibrils (LCNFs) isolation is recognized as an efficient strategy for maximizing biomass utilization. Nevertheless, achieving a 100% yield presents a formidable challenge. Here, an esterification strategy mediated by the equilibrium moisture in biomass is proposed for LCNFs preparation without the use of catalysts, resulting in a yield exceeding 100%. Different from anhydrous chemical thermomechanical pulp (CTMP0%), the presence of moisture (moisture content of 7 wt%, denoted as CTMP7%) introduces a notably distinct process for the pretreatment of CTMP, comprising the initial disintegration and the post-esterification steps. The maleic acid, generated through maleic anhydride (MA) hydrolysis, degrades the recalcitrant lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC) structures, resulting in esterified CTMP7% (E-CTMP7%). The highly grafted esters compensate for the mass loss resulting from the partial removal of hydrolyzed lignin and hemicellulose, ensuring a high yield. Following microfluidization, favorable LCNF7% with a high yield (114.4 ± 3.0%) and a high charge content (1.74 ± 0.09 mmol g-1) can be easily produced, surpassing most previous records for LCNFs. Additionally, LCNF7% presented highly processability for filaments, films, and 3D honeycomb structures preparation. These findings provide valuable insights and guidance for achieving a high yield in the isolation of LCNFs from biomass through the mediation of equilibrium moisture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyuan Zheng
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Yeling Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xia Sun
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Hao Sun
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Pu Yang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhengyang Yu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jiaying Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yuhang Ye
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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4
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Zheng D, Sun X, Sun H, Zhu Y, Zhu J, Zhu P, Yu Z, Ye Y, Zhang Y, Jiang F. Effect of hornification on the isolation of anionic cellulose nanofibrils from Kraft pulp via maleic anhydride esterification. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121961. [PMID: 38494205 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) isolation based on a catalyst-free maleic anhydride esterification has proven to be effective, however, the effects of pulp hornification on CNF isolation by this strategy have yet to be explored, which could present significant impacts for CNF isolation. Herein, dried northern bleached softwood Kraft pulp (D-NBSK) and never-dried northern bleached softwood Kraft pulp (ND-NBSK) were selected as the substrates. After esterification with maleic anhydride (MA), the esterified ND-NBSK pulp (E-ND) shows a significantly smaller size and more fragmented structure than the esterified D-NBSK pulp (E-D). Meanwhile, higher degree of esterification can be realized for the never dried pulp as compared to the dried pulp, which is corroborated by the significantly stronger characteristic peaks of CO (1720 cm-1) and -COO- (1575 cm-1) from the FTIR spectra and the higher surface charge content (0.86 ± 0.04 mmol/g vs. 0.55 ± 0.05 mmol/g). A comparison of the characteristics of the resulting CNF similarly demonstrated the negative impact of hornification. Overall, this work indicates that hornification tends to reduce the accessibility of chemical reagents to the pulp, leading to insufficient deconstruction. Such negative impact of hornification should be considered when performing nanocellulose isolation, especially when using pulp as feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xia Sun
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China; Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yeling Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jiaying Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Penghui Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhengyang Yu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yuhang Ye
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Bioproducts Institute, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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5
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Charlton-Sevcik AK, Collom C, Liu JY, Hsieh YL, Stark N, Ede JD, Shatkin JA, Sayes CM. The impact of surface functionalization of cellulose following simulated digestion and gastrointestinal cell-based model exposure. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132603. [PMID: 38788877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Surface-functionalized cellulose materials are developed for various purposes, including food additives and food contact materials. A new biologically relevant testing strategy has been developed based on guidance from the European Food Safety Authority to demonstrate the safety of several next-generation surface-functionalized cellulose materials. This strategy involves a complex three-stage simulated digestion to compare the health effects of thirteen novel different types of cellulose. The physical and chemical properties of surface-functionalized fibrillated celluloses differed depending on the type, amount, and location of functional groups such as sulfonate, TEMPO-oxidized carboxy, and periodate-chlorite oxidized dicarboxylic acid celluloses. Despite exposure to gastrointestinal fluids, the celluloses maintained their physicochemical properties, such as negative surface charges and high length-to-width/thickness aspect ratios. An established intestinal co-culture model was used to measure cytotoxicity, barrier integrity, oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory response to create a toxicological profile for these unique materials. We conclude that the C6 carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils by TEMPO-oxidation induced the most toxicity in the biological model used in this study and that the observed effects were most prominent at the 4-hour post-exposure time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Charlton-Sevcik
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA
| | - Clancy Collom
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA
| | - James Y Liu
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA
| | | | | | - James D Ede
- Vireo Advisors, LLC, Boston, MA 02130-4323, USA
| | | | - Christie M Sayes
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA.
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6
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Guo M, Ede JD, Sayes CM, Shatkin JA, Stark N, Hsieh YL. Regioselectively Carboxylated Cellulose Nanofibril Models from Dissolving Pulp: C6 via TEMPO Oxidation and C2,C3 via Periodate-Chlorite Oxidation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:479. [PMID: 38470807 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Regioselective C6 and C2,C3 carboxylated cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) have been robustly generated from dissolving pulp, a readily available source of unmodified cellulose, via stoichiometrically optimized 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpyperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated and sequential sodium periodate-sodium chlorite (PC) oxidation coupled with high-speed blending. Both regioselectively optimized carboxylated CNF series possess the widest ranges of comparable charges (0.72-1.48 mmol/g for T-CNFs vs. 0.72-1.10 mmol/g for PC-CNFs), but similar ranges of thickness (1.3-2.4 nm for T-CNF, 1.8-2.7 nm PC-CNF), widths (4.6-6.6 nm T-CNF, 5.5-5.9 nm PC-CNF), and lengths (254-481 nm T-CNF, 247-442 nm PC-CNF). TEMPO-mediated oxidation is milder and one-pot, thus more time and process efficient, whereas the sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation produces C2,C3 dialdehyde intermediates that are amenable to further chemical functionalization or post-reactions. These two well-characterized regioselectively carboxylated CNF series represent coherent cellulose nanomaterial models from a single woody source and have served as references for their safety study toward the development of a safer-by-design substance evaluation tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhe Guo
- Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - James D Ede
- Vireo Advisors, LLC, P.O. Box 51368, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | | | | | - Nicole Stark
- USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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7
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Sun H, Zheng D, Zhu Y, Zhu P, Ye Y, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Yang P, Sun X, Jiang F. Multiscale Design for Robust, Thermal Insulating, and Flame Self-Extinguishing Cellulose Foam. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306942. [PMID: 37939315 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose foams are in high demand in an era of prioritizing environmental consciousness. Yet, transferring the exceptional mechanical properties of cellulose fibers into a cellulose network remains a significant challenge. To address this challenge, an innovative multiscale design is developed for producing cellulose foam with exceptional network integrity. Specifically, this design relies on a combination of physical cross-linking of the microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) networks by cellulose nanofibril (CNF) and aluminum ion (Al3+), as well as self-densification of the cellulose induced by ice-crystal templating, physical cross-linking, solvent exchange, and evaporation. The resultant cellulose foam demonstrates a low density of 40.7 mg cm-3, a high porosity of 97.3%, and a robust network with high compressive modulus of 1211.5 ± 60.6 kPa and energy absorption of 77.8 ± 1.9 kJ m-3. The introduction of CNF network and Al3+ cross-linking into foam also confers excellent wet stability and flame self-extinguish ability. Furthermore, the foam can be easily biodegraded in natural environments , re-entering the ecosystem's carbon cycle. This strategy yields a cellulose foam with a robust network and outstanding environmental durability, opening new possibilities for the advancement of high-performance foam materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Dingyuan Zheng
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yeling Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Penghui Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yuhang Ye
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhengyang Yu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Pu Yang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xia Sun
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British of Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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8
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Seth R, Meena A, Meena R. Enzyme-based green synthesis, characterisation, and toxicity studies of cellulose nanocrystals/fibres produced from the Vetiveria zizanioides roots agro-waste. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:116984-116999. [PMID: 36484940 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vetiver zizanioides roots are considered the most useful part of the plant. It is widely used to extract oil. The aromatic oil is used in perfumery, food-flavouring and cosmetic industries. However, presently, there are no reports available for the usage of vetiver roots agro-waste after oil extraction in nano-based products. Considering the concept of value-added products and green-chemistry approaches, synthesising cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs) using enzymatic treatment from agro-waste has emerged as a viable option. CNP's non-toxicity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility have sparked the industry's interest in its production. Therefore, in the present study, 3 enzymes, cellulase, pectinase, and viscozymes, were used for the green synthesis of CNP. The characterisation of CNP was done using techniques like DLS, FTIR, TEM, SEM, AFM, and TG/DTG, and cytotoxicity of CNP was studied in human skin cell-line (HaCaT) using MTT assay. Results show that CNPs synthesised using viscozyme and pectinase were of crystalline nature (2.0-3.0 nm) and cellulase were of fibres (40-60 nm). The FTIR confirmed that CNPs were devoid of lignin/hemicellulose. The AFM pictures revealed thick and thin nanoparticles with a variety of morphologies. The thermal stability of cellulose was higher compared to CNP. All the synthesised CNPs were crystaline, with a 60-70% crystallinity index. Furthermore, CNP did not show cytotoxic effect on HaCaT cells upto 500 µg/mL concentrations. In conclusion, pectinase and viscosyme may be used for synthesing cellulose-nanocrystals and cellulase enzyme for cellulose-nanofibers from the vetiver roots agro-waste. The findings revealed that Vetiveria zizanioides agro-waste-derived CNP is a sustainable material that can be used as a reinforcing agent/nanocarrier in textile and drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Seth
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ramavatar Meena
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Discipline, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
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9
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Guo M, Hsieh YL. Tunable poly(lauryl methacrylate) surface grafting via SI-ATRP on a one-pot synthesized cellulose nanofibril macroinitiator core as a shear-thinning rheology modifier and drag reducer. RSC Adv 2023; 13:26089-26101. [PMID: 37664202 PMCID: PMC10472512 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04610a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimally one-pot synthesized 2-bromoproponyl esterified cellulose nanofibril (Br-CNF) has been validated as a robust macroinitiator for self-surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) in tunable graft lengths and high conversions of up to 92.7%. SI-ATRP of LMA surface brushes on Br-CNF followed first order kinetics in lengths at up to 46 degree of polymerization (DP) based on mass balance or 31 DP by solution-state 1H NMR in DMSO-d6. With increasing PLMA graft lengths, Br-CNF-g-PLMA cast films exhibited increasing hydrophobicity with water contact angles from 80.9° to 110.6°. The novel Br-CNF-g-PLMA exhibited dual shear thinning behavior of the Br-CNF core as evident by n < 1 flow behavior index and drag reducing properties of PLMA grafts with increased viscosity at up to 21 071×. Br-CNF-g-PLMA with 46 DP could be fully dispersed in silicon pump oil to function as a drag reducer to enhance viscosity up to 5× at 25, 40, and 55 °C. The novel macroinitiator capability of Br-CNF in SI-ATRP of vinyl monomers and the bottlebrush-like LMA surface grafted Br-CNF as highly effective viscosity modifier and drag reducer further demonstrate the versatile functionality of Br-CNF beyond hydrophobic coatings and reactive polyols previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhe Guo
- Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis Davis California 95616-8722 USA +1 530 752 084
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis Davis California 95616-8722 USA +1 530 752 084
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California at Davis Davis California 95616-8722 USA
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10
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Yuan JC, Huang R, Jiang LY, Liu GD, Liu PD, Xu WR. Facile production of cellulose nanofibers from raw elephant grass by an aluminum chloride-enhanced acidic deep eutectic solvent. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125687. [PMID: 37406902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
To develop a greener and more efficient method for producing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from raw plants, an AlCl3-enhanced ternary deep eutectic solvent, DES2 (consisting of choline chloride, citric acid, and AlCl3·6H2O in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:0.08), was synthesized. Raw elephant grass (EG) was pretreated with DES2, followed by sodium chlorite (NaClO2) bleaching and ultrasonic disruption to extract high-performance CNFs. The DES2 and NaClO2 treatments effectively removed hemicellulose and lignin, achieving removal rates of 99.23 % and 99.62 %, respectively, while maintaining a cellulose content of 78.3 %. DES2 demonstrated easy recyclability and maintained excellent biomass pretreatment performance even after multiple cycles. Following a brief 30-min intermittent ultrasound treatment, the resulting CNFs demonstrated superior crystallinity, increased carboxyl content, and a narrower width distribution compared to CNFs obtained from AlCl3-free DES1. Optimized conditions at 110 °C yielded CNFs with 85.3 % crystallinity, 0.64 mmol/g carboxyl content, 5.15 nm width distribution, and excellent dispersion in water for at least six months. Additionally, CNFs enhanced the tensile strength of chia seed mucilage (CM) composite films, showing a significant improvement to 26.6 MPa, representing a 231.3 % increase over the control film. This study offers a promising approach for efficiently producing CNFs from raw plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Chao Yuan
- College of Tropical Crops & School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Ling-Yan Jiang
- College of Tropical Crops & School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Guo-Dao Liu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Pan-Dao Liu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Wen-Rong Xu
- College of Tropical Crops & School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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11
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Kim Y, Kim YT, Wang X, Min B, Park SI. TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Films Incorporating Graphene Oxide Nanofillers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2646. [PMID: 37376292 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To design a new system of novel TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs)/graphene oxide (GO) composite, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation was utilized. For the better dispersion of GO into the matrix of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), a unique process combining high-intensity homogenization and ultrasonication was adopted with varying degrees of oxidation and GO percent loadings (0.4 to 2.0 wt%). Despite the presence of carboxylate groups and GO, the X-ray diffraction test showed that the crystallinity of the bio-nanocomposite was not altered. In contrast, scanning electron microscopy showed a significant morphological difference in their layers. The thermal stability of the TOCN/GO composite shifted to a lower temperature upon oxidation, and dynamic mechanical analysis signified strong intermolecular interactions with the improvement in Young's storage modulus and tensile strength. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to observe the hydrogen bonds between GO and the cellulosic polymer matrix. The oxygen permeability of the TOCN/GO composite decreased, while the water vapor permeability was not significantly affected by the reinforcement with GO. Still, oxidation enhanced the barrier properties. Ultimately, the newly fabricated TOCN/GO composite through high-intensity homogenization and ultrasonification can be utilized in a wide range of life science applications, such as the biomaterial, food, packaging, and medical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojin Kim
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Young-Teck Kim
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Xiyu Wang
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Byungjin Min
- Department of Chemistry, College of Agriculture Environment & Nutrition Science, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USA
| | - Su-Il Park
- Department of Packaging, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
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12
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Liu Y, Wei Y, He Y, Qian Y, Wang C, Chen G. Large-Scale Preparation of Carboxylated Cellulose Nanocrystals and Their Application for Stabilizing Pickering Emulsions. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15114-15123. [PMID: 37151532 PMCID: PMC10157680 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with varied unique properties have been widely used in emulsions, nanocomposites, and membranes. However, conventional CNCs for industrial use were usually prepared through acid hydrolysis or heat-controlled methods with sulfuric acid. This most commonly used acid method generally suffers from low yields, poor thermal stability, and potential environmental pollution. Herein, we developed a high-efficiency and large-scale preparation strategy to produce carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (Car-CNCs) via carboxymethylation-enhanced ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidation. After carboxymethylation, the wood fibers could form unique "balloon-like" structures with abundant exposed hydroxy groups, which facilitated exfoliating fibril bundles into individual nanocrystals during the APS oxidation process. The production process under controlled temperature, time period, and APS concentrations was optimized and the resultant Car-CNCs exhibited a typical structure with narrow diameter distributions. In particular, the final Car-CNCs exhibited excellent thermal stability (≈346.6 °C) and reached a maximum yield of 60.6%, superior to that of sulfated cellulose nanocrystals (Sul-CNCs) prepared by conventional acid hydrolysis. More importantly, compared to the common APS oxidation, our two-step collaborative process shortened the oxidation time from more than 16 h to only 30 min. Therefore, our high-efficiency method may pave the way for the up-scaled production of carboxylated nanocrystals. More importantly, Car-CNCs show potential for stabilizing Pickering emulsions that can withstand changeable environments, including heating, storage, and centrifugation, which is better than the conventional Sul-CNC-based emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikang Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, College of Light Industry
and Engineering, South China University
of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong
Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty
Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- State
Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, College of Light Industry
and Engineering, South China University
of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong
Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty
Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yingying He
- State
Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, College of Light Industry
and Engineering, South China University
of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong
Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty
Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yangyang Qian
- State
Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, College of Light Industry
and Engineering, South China University
of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong
Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty
Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- College
of Tea (Pu’er), West Yunnan University
of Applied Sciences, Pu’er 665000, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, College of Light Industry
and Engineering, South China University
of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong
Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty
Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gang Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, College of Light Industry
and Engineering, South China University
of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong
Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Specialty
Paper and Paper-Based Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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13
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Patterson GD, McManus JD, Orts WJ, Hsieh YL. Protonation of Surface Carboxyls on Rice Straw Cellulose Nanofibrils: Effect on the Aerogel Structure, Modulus, Strength, and Wet Resiliency. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:2052-2062. [PMID: 37040473 PMCID: PMC10170510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Rice straw cellulose nanofibrils from the optimal 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl oxidation/blending process carrying 1.17 mmol/g surface carboxyls were protonated to varying charged (COO-Na+) and uncharged (COOH) surfaces. Reducing the electrostatic repulsion of surface charges by protonation with hydrochloric acid from 11 to 45 and 100% surface carboxylic acid most prominently reduced the aerogel densities from 8.0 to 6.6 and 5.2 mg/cm3 while increasing the mostly open cell pore volumes from 125 to 152 and 196 mL/g. Irrespective of charge levels, all aerogels were amphiphilic, super-absorptive, stable at pH 2 for up to 30 days, and resilient for up to 10 repetitive squeezing-absorption cycles. While these aerogels exhibited density-dependent dry [11.3 to 1.5 kPa/(mg/cm3)] and reduced wet [3.3 to 1.4 kPa/(mg/cm3)] moduli, the absorption of organic liquids stiffened the saturated aerogels. These data support protonation as a critical yet simple approach toward precise control of aerogels' dry and wet properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel D Patterson
- Bioproducts Research Unit, WRRC, ARS-USDA, Albany, California 94710, United States
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James D McManus
- Bioproducts Research Unit, WRRC, ARS-USDA, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - William J Orts
- Bioproducts Research Unit, WRRC, ARS-USDA, Albany, California 94710, United States
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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14
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Cheikh Rouhou M, Douiri S, Abdelmoumen S, Ghorbal A, Lung A, Raynaud C, Ghorbel D. Green solid-liquid extraction of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladode dietary fibers. I- optimization, pilot-scale production, and characterization. Anal Biochem 2023; 670:115139. [PMID: 37024003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
In this research work, an optimization of an environment friendly extraction method of cactus (Opuntia ficus indica) cladode dietary fibers was conducted. For this purpose, a central composite experimental design with two factors (temperature and time) and five levels was established. The basic objective of this optimization was to maximize fiber yield using hot water as an extraction eco-solvent. The optimum extraction time (330 min) and temperature (100 °C) were determined with a constant medium agitation rate. Additionally, this study also aimed at establishing the validation of the statistical model to carry out the extrapolation of the extraction process at the pilot scale. The fibers extracted at the pilot scale showed yields (45.2 ± 0.01%) in agreement with those obtained through the optimization and validation lab-scale steps (44.97 ± 0.02). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were conducted to investigate the structure and microstructure of pilot scale-produced fibers. FTIR spectrum and XRD pattern were typical to lignocellulosic fibers results. Sharp and thin peaks characteristic of cellulose were detected. Pure and crystallized phases were recorded with a 45% crystallinity index. SEM analysis presented elongated and organized cells with a uniform structure comparable to cellulosic fibers microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Cheikh Rouhou
- University of Carthage, INSAT, Centre Urbain Nord, B.P. 676, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia; University of Sfax, ENIS, LAVASA (LR11ES45), BPW, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Sabrine Douiri
- University of Carthage, INSAT, Centre Urbain Nord, B.P. 676, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia; University of Sfax, ENIS, LAVASA (LR11ES45), BPW, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Souhir Abdelmoumen
- University of Carthage, INSAT, Centre Urbain Nord, B.P. 676, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Achraf Ghorbal
- University of Gabes, ISSAT Gabès, Research Unit Advanced Materials, Applied Mechanics, Innovative Processes and Environment, 6029, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Anne Lung
- University of Toulouse, ENSIACET-INP, LCA, B.P. 44362, 31030, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Raynaud
- University of Toulouse, ENSIACET-INP, LCA, B.P. 44362, 31030, Toulouse, France
| | - Dorra Ghorbel
- University of Carthage, INSAT, Centre Urbain Nord, B.P. 676, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia; University of Sfax, ENIS, LAVASA (LR11ES45), BPW, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
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15
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Yusefi M, Shameli K, Lee-Kiun MS, Teow SY, Moeini H, Ali RR, Kia P, Jie CJ, Abdullah NH. Chitosan coated magnetic cellulose nanowhisker as a drug delivery system for potential colorectal cancer treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123388. [PMID: 36706873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-based magnetic nanocomposites can eminently illuminate several attractive features as anticancer drug carriers. In this study, rice straw-based cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) was used as solid support for Fe3O4 nanofillers to synthesize magnetic CNW. Then, cross-linked chitosan-coated magnetic CNW for 5-fluorouracil carrier abbreviated as CH/MCNW/5FU. Fourier-transform infrared, X-Ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated successful fabrication and multifunctional properties of the CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites. In addition, CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites showed hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential value of 181.31 ± 3.46 nm and +23 ± 1.8 mV, respectively. Based on images of transmission electron microscopy, magnetic CNW as reinforcement was coated with chitosan to obtain almost spherical CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites with an average diameter of 37.16 ± 3.08. The nanocomposites indicated desired saturation magnetization and thermal stability, high drug encapsulation efficiency, and pH-dependent swelling and drug release performance. CH/MCNW/5FU nanocomposites showed potent killing effects against colorectal cancer cells in both 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid models. These findings suggest CH/MCNW as a potential carrier for anticancer drugs with high tumour-penetrating capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Yusefi
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamyar Shameli
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Michiele Soon Lee-Kiun
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sin-Yeang Teow
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Quhai, Wenzhou 325060, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hassan Moeini
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Roshafima Rasit Ali
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooneh Kia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chia Jing Jie
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Hidayah Abdullah
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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Influence of the cellulose purification process on the properties of aerogels obtained from rice straw. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 312:120805. [PMID: 37059537 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose aerogels were obtained from purified rice straw cellulose fibres (CF) by applying different extraction methods: the conventional alkaline treatment (ALK) and alternative aqueous extraction based on the ultrasound combined with reflux heating (USHT) and subcritical water extraction (SWE) (160 and 180 °C). The composition and properties of the CFs were significantly affected by the purification process. The USHT treatment was as efficient as the ALK at eliminating the silica content, but the fibres maintained a notable ratio of hemicellulose (∼16 %). The SWE treatments were not so effective at removing silica (15 %) but greatly promoted the selective extraction of hemicellulose, especially at 180 °C (3 %). The CF compositional differences affected their hydrogel formation capacity and the properties of aerogels. A higher hemicellulose content in the CF led to better-structured hydrogels with better water-holding capacity, while the aerogels exhibited a more cohesive structure with thicker walls, higher porosity (99 %) and water vapour sorption capacity, but lower liquid water retention capacity (0.2 g/g). The residual silica content also interfered with the hydrogel and aerogel formation, giving rise to less structured hydrogels and more fibrous aerogels, with lower porosity (97-98 %).
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17
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Wardana AA, Wigati LP, Tanaka F, Tanaka F. Incorporation of co-stabilizer cellulose nanofibers/chitosan nanoparticles into cajuput oil-emulsified chitosan coating film for fruit application. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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18
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Han X, Wang J, Wang J, Ding L, Zhang K, Han J, Jiang S. Micro- and nano-fibrils of manau rattan and solvent-exchange-induced high-haze transparent holocellulose nanofibril film. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 298:120075. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Basta AH, Lotfy VF. Impact of pulping routes of rice straw on cellulose nanoarchitectonics and their behavior toward Indigo dye. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02714-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis work deals with emphasizing the relation between particle dimension distribution of nanocellulose (PDD) particles with its efficiency as stabilizing/adsorbent agent of Indigo dye. In this respect, different pulping reagents were used in preparation of Rice straw pulps as precursors for nanocelluloses using acid hydrolysis and oxidizing agents [(KMnO4 and NH4)2S2O8] methods. The PDD was estimated by indirect method through processing the TEM images using the software ImageJ. The resulting nanocelluloses were also characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR) together with sulfate ester and carboxyl contents. The data showed the effective role of pulping reagent on PDD. The cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from NaOH-AQ pulp, with the longest crystal length (204.4 ± 107.8 nm) and the lowest diameter (6.7 ± 2.3 nm), exhibited most stabilized suspension of dye; however, the highest adsorption capacity was accompanied the oxidized nanocellulose (Ox-NC) from neutral RS pulp with lowest PDD (4.98 ± 1.6 and 90.5 ± 3.14), together with highest COO content (476.46 μmol/g).
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20
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Lignocellulosic nanomaterials production from wheat straw via peracetic acid pretreatment and their application in plastic composites. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119857. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Guo M, Hsieh YL. 2-Bromopropionyl Esterified Cellulose Nanofibrils as Chain Extenders or Polyols in Stoichiometrically Optimized Syntheses of High-Strength Polyurethanes. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4574-4585. [PMID: 36200931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
2-Bromopropionyl bromide esterified cellulose nanofibrils (Br-CNFs) facilely synthesized from one-pot esterification of cellulose and in situ ultrasonication exhibited excellent N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) dispersibility and reactivity to partially replace either chain extender or soft segment diol in the stoichiometrically optimized syntheses of polyurethanes (PUs). PUs polymerized with Br-CNF to replace either 11 mol% 1,4-butadiol chain extender OHs or 1.8 mol% polytetramethylene ether glycol OHs, i.e., 1.5 or 0.3 wt% Br-CNF in PUs, exhibited an over 3 times increased modulus, nearly 4 times higher strength, and a 50% increase in strain. In either role, the experimental modulus exceeding those predicted by the Halpin-Tsai model gave evidence of the stoichiometrically optimized covalent bonding with Br-CNF, while the improved strain was attributed to increased hydrogen-bonding interactions between Br-CNF and the soft segment. These new Br-CNFs not only offer novel synthetic strategies to incorporate nanocelluloses in polyurethanes but also maximize their reinforcing effects via their versatile polyol reactant and cross-linking roles, demonstrating promising applications in the synthesis of other polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhe Guo
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California95616-8722, United States
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, California95616-8722, United States
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22
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Zheng Y, Oguzlu H, Baldelli A, Zhu Y, Song M, Pratap-Singh A, Jiang F. Sprayable cellulose nanofibrils stabilized phase change material Pickering emulsion for spray coating application. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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23
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Chhajed M, Verma C, Sathawane M, Singh S, Maji PK. Mechanically durable green aerogel composite based on agricultural lignocellulosic residue for organic liquids/oil sorption. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 180:113790. [PMID: 35689938 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Various oil spill cleanup sorbents have good hydrophobicity and oil separation efficiency, but their practical use has been limited due to the difficult and costly fabrication procedure. The research aims towards material development using the consumption of lignocellulosic agricultural residue for isolating cellulose nanofiber and its forward use to construct a 3D porous structure. A simple freeze-drying technique was used to assemble low-density porous structure. The biodegradable polylactic acid coating was used to alter the wettability from hydrophilic to hydrophobic and the maximum water contact angle value was around 120°. The prepared coated samples were testified for a series of oil/organic solvents-water mixtures. The sorption capacity was in the range of 28-70 g/g. The prepared aerogels were efficiently reused for at least 10 cycles. Developed material was used in continuous oil-water separation to remove oil from the water's surface. The cost analysis was estimated for scaleup production in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Chhajed
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 247001, U.P., India
| | - Chhavi Verma
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 247001, U.P., India
| | - Manoj Sathawane
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 247001, U.P., India
| | - Shiva Singh
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 247001, U.P., India
| | - Pradip K Maji
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 247001, U.P., India.
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24
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Soni R, Hsu Y, Asoh T, Uyama H. Cellulose nanofiber reinforced starch film with rapid disintegration in marine environments. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Soni
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka Japan
| | - Yu‐I Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka Japan
| | - Taka‐Aki Asoh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka Japan
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25
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Voronova MI, Surov OV, Rubleva NV, Zakharov AG. Sol–Gel Synthesis of Porous Carbon Materials Using Nanocrystalline Cellulose as a Template. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023622030159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Pingrey B, Hsieh YL. Sulfated Cellulose Nanofibrils from Chlorosulfonic Acid Treatment and Their Wet Spinning into High-Strength Fibers. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1269-1277. [PMID: 35148066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the proof of concept for a facile sulfation-disintegration approach toward generating sulfated cellulose nanofibrils (SCNF) via direct sulfation of rice straw cellulose with chlorosulfonic acid (HSO3Cl) followed by blending. The direct sulfation of cellulose with chlorosulfonic acid (HSO3Cl) was optimized at acid ratios of 1-1.5 HSO3Cl per anhydroglucose unit (AGU) and short reaction times (30-60 min) at ambient temperature to produce SCNF with tunable charges of 1.0-2.2 mmol/g, all in impressively high yields of 94-97%. SCNF were characterized via AFM, TEM, FTIR, and XRD. SCNF lengths (L: 0.75-1.24 μm) and widths (W: 3.9-5.9 nm) decreased with harsher sulfation, while heights (H: 1.23-1.32 nm) remained relatively static. The SCNF had uniquely anisotropic cross sections (W/H: 3.0-4.7) and high aspect ratios (L/H: 568-984) while also exhibiting amphiphilicity, thixotropy, and shear thinning behaviors that closely followed a power law model. Aqueous SCNF dispersions could be wet spun into organic and mixed organic/ionic coagulants, producing continuous fibers possessing an impressively high tensile strength and Young's modulus of up to 675 ± 120 MPa and 26 ± 5 GPa, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Pingrey
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Bogolitsin KG, Parshina AE, Shkaeva NV, Aleshina LA, Prussky AI, Sidorova OV, Bogdanovich NI, Arkhilin MA. Drying Method Effect on Structural and Surface Properties of Brown Algae Cellulose. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793121080194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Guo M, Hsieh YL. One-pot synthesis of 2-bromopropionyl esterified cellulose nanofibrils as hydrophobic coating and film. RSC Adv 2022; 12:15070-15082. [PMID: 35702441 PMCID: PMC9112886 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00722c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromo-esterified cellulose nanofibrils have been one-pot synthesized by direct heterogeneous 2-bromopropionyl esterification and in situ ultra-sonication to serve as versatile hydrophobic nm thick coating or 100 μm thick film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhe Guo
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
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Messa LL, Faez R, Hsieh YL. Phosphorylated cellulose nanofibrils from sugarcane bagasse with pH tunable gelation. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Song M, Jiang J, Zhu J, Zheng Y, Yu Z, Ren X, Jiang F. Lightweight, strong, and form-stable cellulose nanofibrils phase change aerogel with high latent heat. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118460. [PMID: 34420720 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Phase change material (PCM) is promising for energy storage and release. However, the deformation and leaking during phase change generally limit its application. Herein, a lightweight, strong, and form-stable PCM aerogel was fabricated using Pickering emulsion templating technique. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were used to stabilize PCM into Pickering emulsion, which was further integrated into a 3D interconnected CNF network forming CNF/PCM composite aerogel. The composite aerogel is strong that can support over 5000 times of its own weight, and demonstrates exceptional form stability at 80 °C, showing no leakage after 20 heating/cooling cycles. The latent heat of CNF/PCM composite aerogel could reach 173.59 J·g-1, approximately 84.4% of the paraffin. The CNF/PCM composite aerogel showed relatively low thermal conductivity of 32.0-37.7 mW·m-1·K-1. The sustainability and impressive thermal regulating properties of the CNF/PCM composite aerogel make it an ideal candidate for applications in smart textile, smart building, batteries, and electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyao Song
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jungang Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jiaying Zhu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yi Zheng
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhengyang Yu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xueyong Ren
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Peng S, Luo Q, Zhou G, Xu X. Recent Advances on Cellulose Nanocrystals and Their Derivatives. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3247. [PMID: 34641062 PMCID: PMC8512496 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose, typically cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), has excellent properties and is widely used. In particular, CNC has a small dimension, high chemical reactivity, and high sustainability, which makes it an excellent candidate as a starting material to be converted into nanocellulose derivatives. Chemical modification is essential for obtaining the desired products; the modifications create different functional attachment levels and generate novel microstructures. Recent advances on nanocellulose derivatives have not yet been reviewed and evaluated for the last five years. Nanocellulose derivative materials are being used in a wide variety of high-quality functional applications. To meet these requirements, it is essential for researchers to fully understand CNCs and derivative materials, precisely their characteristics, synthesis methods, and chemical modification approaches. This paper discusses CNC and its derivatives concerning the structural characteristics, performance, and synthesis methods, comparing the pros and cons of these chemical modification approaches reported in recent years. This review also discusses the critical physicochemical properties of CNC derivative products, including solubility, wetting performance, and associated impacts on properties. Lastly, this paper also comments on the bottlenecks of nanocellulose derivatives in various applications and briefly discusses their future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.P.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qiguan Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.P.); (Q.L.)
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.P.); (Q.L.)
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China
- Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Xuezhu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.P.); (Q.L.)
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Valorization of Rice Straw into Cellulose Microfibers for the Reinforcement of Thermoplastic Corn Starch Films. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, agro-food waste derived rice straw (RS) was valorized into cellulose microfibers (CMFs) using a green process of combined ultrasound and heating treatments and were thereafter used to improve the physical properties of thermoplastic starch films (TPS). Mechanical defibrillation of the fibers gave rise to CMFs with cumulative frequencies of length and diameters below 200 and 5–15 µm, respectively. The resultant CMFs were successfully incorporated at, 1, 3, and 5 wt% into TPS by melt mixing and also starch was subjected to dry heating (DH) modification to yield TPS modified by dry heating (TPSDH). The resultant materials were finally shaped into films by thermo-compression and characterized. It was observed that both DH modification and fiber incorporation at 3 and 5 wt% loadings interfered with the starch gelatinization, leading to non-gelatinized starch granules in the biopolymer matrix. Thermo-compressed films prepared with both types of starches and reinforced with 3 wt% CMFs were more rigid (percentage increases of ~215% for TPS and ~207% for the TPSDH), more resistant to break (~100% for TPS and ~60% for TPSDH), but also less extensible (~53% for TPS and ~78% for TPSDH). The incorporation of CMFs into the TPS matrix at the highest contents also promoted a decrease in water vapor (~15%) and oxygen permeabilities (~30%). Finally, all the TPS composite films showed low changes in terms of optical properties and equilibrium moisture, being less soluble in water than the TPSDH films.
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Yusefi M, Chan HY, Teow SY, Kia P, Lee-Kiun Soon M, Sidik NABC, Shameli K. 5-Fluorouracil Encapsulated Chitosan-Cellulose Fiber Bionanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Analysis towards Colorectal Cancer Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1691. [PMID: 34203241 PMCID: PMC8305564 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose and chitosan with remarkable biocompatibility and sophisticated physiochemical characteristics can be a new dawn to the advanced drug nano-carriers in cancer treatment. This study aims to synthesize layer-by-layer bionanocomposites from chitosan and rice straw cellulose encapsulated 5-Fluorouracil (CS-CF/5FU BNCs) using the ionic gelation method and the sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) cross-linker. Data from X-ray and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed successful preparation of CS-CF/5FU BNCs. Based on images of scanning electron microscopy, 48.73 ± 1.52 nm was estimated for an average size of the bionanocomposites as spherical chitosan nanoparticles mostly coated rod-shaped cellulose reinforcement. 5-Fluorouracil indicated an increase in thermal stability after its encapsulation in the bionanocomposites. The drug encapsulation efficiency was found to be 86 ± 2.75%. CS-CF/5FU BNCs triggered higher drug release in a media simulating the colorectal fluid with pH 7.4 (76.82 ± 1.29%) than the gastric fluid with pH 1.2 (42.37 ± 0.43%). In in vitro cytotoxicity assays, cellulose fibers, chitosan nanoparticles and the bionanocomposites indicated biocompatibility towards CCD112 normal cells. Most promisingly, CS-CF/5FU BNCs at 250 µg/mL concentration eliminated 56.42 ± 0.41% of HCT116 cancer cells and only 8.16 ± 2.11% of CCD112 normal cells. Therefore, this study demonstrates that CS-CF/5FU BNCs can be considered as an eco-friendly and innovative nanodrug candidate for potential colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Yusefi
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia;
| | - Hui-Yin Chan
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia; (H.-Y.C.); (S.-Y.T.); (M.L.-K.S.)
| | - Sin-Yeang Teow
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia; (H.-Y.C.); (S.-Y.T.); (M.L.-K.S.)
| | - Pooneh Kia
- Institute of Bio Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Michiele Lee-Kiun Soon
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia; (H.-Y.C.); (S.-Y.T.); (M.L.-K.S.)
| | - Nor Azwadi Bin Che Sidik
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia;
| | - Kamyar Shameli
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia;
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Chen Y, Yu Z, Ye Y, Zhang Y, Li G, Jiang F. Superelastic, Hygroscopic, and Ionic Conducting Cellulose Nanofibril Monoliths by 3D Printing. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1869-1879. [PMID: 33448788 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Compressible and superelastic 3D printed monoliths have shown great promise in various applications including energy storage, soft electronics, and sensors. Although such elastic monoliths have been constructed using some limited materials, most notably graphene, it has not yet been achieved in nature's most abundant material, cellulose, partly due to the strong hydrogen-bonding network within cellulose. Here, we report a 3D-printed cellulose nanofibril monolith that demonstrates superb elasticity (over 91% strain recovery after 500 cycles of compressive test), compressibility (up to 90% compressive strain), and pressure sensitivity (0.337 kPa-1) at 43% relative humidity. Such a high-performance CNF monolith is achieved through both hierarchical architecture design by 3D printing and freeze-drying and incorporation of hygroscopic salt for water absorption. The facile and efficient design strategy for a highly flexible CNF monolith is expected to expand to materials beyond cellulose and can realize much broader applications in flexible sensors, thermal insulation, and many other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Research Institute of Wood Industry, No. 1 Dongxiaofu Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhengyang Yu
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yuhang Ye
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Gaiyun Li
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Research Institute of Wood Industry, No. 1 Dongxiaofu Xiangshan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- BioProducts Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Yang M, Hadi P, Yin X, Yu J, Huang X, Ma H, Walker H, Hsiao BS. Antifouling nanocellulose membranes: How subtle adjustment of surface charge lead to self-cleaning property. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Patterson G, Hsieh YL. Tunable dialdehyde/dicarboxylate nanocelluloses by stoichiometrically optimized sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation for tough and wet shape recoverable aerogels. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:5623-5634. [PMID: 36133858 PMCID: PMC9419568 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00771d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Sequential periodate-chlorite (PC) oxidation has been optimized stoichiometrically according to the non-crystalline content in cellulose to generate a variety of versatile C2,C3 dialdehyde/dicarboxylate nanocelluloses (NCs) while economizing chemical and shear force inputs. The robust primary sodium periodate (NaIO4) oxidation not only regioselectively cleaved the C2-C3 carbon bond to oxidize the vicinal hydroxyls to aldehydes, but also governed the lengths of NCs, i.e., cellulose nanofibrils (PC-CNFs) at near-equal NaIO4 to non-crystalline anhydroglucose unit (AGU) stoichiometry and cellulose nanocrystals (PC-CNCs) at a doubled ratio. Secondary sodium chlorite (NaClO2) oxidation facilely converted C2,C3 dialdehydes to dicarboxylates and, upon deprotonation, facilitated defibrillation to NCs, irrespective of extents of carboxylation or charges. The optimal 0.5 : 1 NaIO4/AGU and 1 : 1 NaClO2/AGU oxidation produced highly uniform 1.26 nm thick, 3.28 nm wide, and ca. 1 μm long PC-CNFs with tunable surface aldehyde (0.71-0.0 mmol g-1) and carboxylate (0.64-1.35 mmol g-1) content at 94-98% yields. The C2-C3 glucosidic ring opening and oxidation along the 110 or 11̄0 crystalline surfaces increased the heterogeneity of the hydrophilic surfaces and flexibility of PC-CNFs to influence their self-assembling into fibrils and amphiphilic superabsorbent aerogels. The ultra-light (ρ = 10.3 mg cm-3) aerogels showed an ultra-high dry specific compression modulus (50.2 kPa mg-1 cm-3) and specific stress (8.2 kPa mg-1 cm-3 at 0.8 strain), cyclic wet compressive behavior, and excellent water-activated shape recovery following 0.8 strain dry compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Patterson
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis California 95616 USA +1 530 752 0843
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis California 95616 USA +1 530 752 0843
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Hydrophobic up-conversion carboxylated nanocellulose/fluoride phosphor composite films modified with alkyl ketene dimer. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116866. [PMID: 33049816 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobic up-conversion nanocomposite films have been developed based on TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF) modified with alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) as a matrix and MF2:Ho (M = Ca, Sr) as a phosphor. Fabrication of homogeneous, strong and translucent TOCNF/MF2:Ho-AKD films with water contact angle of 123 ± 2° was accomplished with mild drying at 110 °C. These hydrophobic nanocomposite films demonstrated stable up-conversion luminescence in the visible spectral range upon excitation of the 5I7 level of Ho3+ ions by laser irradiation at 1912 nm both under ambient conditions and in a humid atmosphere (92 ± 2% humidity). The absence of luminescence quenching in a high humidity atmosphere for TOCNF/MF2:Ho-AKD composite films was considered to be due to the reliable shielding effect of the hydrophobic TOCNF-AKD matrix. The films show promise for visualizing 2 μm laser radiation in medicine and monitoring of the atmosphere.
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Acidic deep eutectic solvent assisted isolation of lignin containing nanocellulose from thermomechanical pulp. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 247:116727. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Song M, Jiang J, Qin H, Ren X, Jiang F. Flexible and Super Thermal Insulating Cellulose Nanofibril/Emulsion Composite Aerogel with Quasi-Closed Pores. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:45363-45372. [PMID: 32931232 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Because of the prevailing environment and energy challenges, there has been a growing interest in biobased materials for thermal insulation application. Although cellulose aerogel has been considered as an excellent thermal insulating material, its thermal conductivity is generally negatively affected by the interconnected internal pores. Herein, it is demonstrated that a cellulose nanofibril (CNF)/emulsion composite aerogel with quasi-closed internal pores can be facilely fabricated by Pickering emulsion templating and solvent exchange methods. The CNF-stabilized oil-in-water Pickering emulsion (with an average diameter of 1.3 μm) can be converted into quasi-closed pores by sequential solvent exchange to acetone and tert-butanol (TBA), followed by freeze-drying from TBA to suppress the formation of large ice crystals. The presence of quasi-closed pores from emulsion templating is verified by both confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images and is confirmed to reduce thermal conductivity to as low as 15.5 mW/(m K). Compared to the CNF aerogel, increasing emulsion content can lead to better volume retention with significantly reduced density (11.4 mg/cm3), increased mesoporosity, and enhanced specific modulus (18.2 kPa/(mg/cm3)) and specific yield strength (1.6 kPa/(mg/cm3)). In addition, the CNF/emulsion composite aerogel also demonstrates superb flexibility and infrared shielding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyao Song
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jungang Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Hengfei Qin
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xueyong Ren
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Feng Jiang
- Sustainable Functional Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Xu X, Zhou H, Zhou G, Hsieh YL. Photonic Thin Films Assembled from Amphiphilic Cellulose Nanofibrils Displaying Iridescent Full-Colors. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4522-4530. [PMID: 35025451 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of nanoparticles (NPs) to form structural colors offers promising opportunities for developing electronic, optoelectronic, and magnetic devices. In this regard, we reported co-assembly of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and graphene to produce colored thin films. We demonstrated that biomimetic iridescent "peacock feather"-like full-color thin films can be generated by simple evaporation of aqueous suspensions on a surface tension confined, optically symmetric indium tin oxide-coated polyethylene terephthalate substrate. Amphiphilic CNFs serve dual functions to attract hydrophobic graphene via van der Waals interactions and to disperse hydrophilically and anionically CNF-tethered graphene while regulating surface tension to induce capillary and Marangoni flows in the force fields and construct thickness variation during dewetting. These CNF-graphene thin films exhibit full-color patterns and function as tunable light and moisture actuators. This approach has high potential to be applied to assemble other metal or metal oxide NPs for fast, simple, and robust fabrication without involving any complex lithography and external fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhu Xu
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - He Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Liu X, Hsieh YL. Amphiphilic Protein Microfibrils from Ice-Templated Self-Assembly and Disassembly of Pickering Emulsions. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2473-2481. [PMID: 35025297 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic protein microfibrils have been generated for the first time by ice-templated self-assembly of aqueous globular protein colloids and subsequent selective disassembly in polar solvents like MeOH, EtOH, acetone, and dimethylformamide. Semicrystalline microfibrils, ca. 1.2 μm wide and 45-70 μm long, produced from soy proteins are excellent amphiphiles, which are capable of stabilizing both high-internal-phase o/w and w1/o/w2 double emulsions as well as retaining amphiphilicity even with surface-bound lipophiles and electrophiles. This ice-templated self-assembling and polar solvent disassembling approach is applicable to other legume proteins, such as pea proteins, and is scalable to process globular proteins into amphiphilic microfibrils for Pickering emulsions in many potential applications including food, pharmaceuticals and skin care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Liu
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - You-Lo Hsieh
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Amason AC, Nowak JF, Samuel J, Gross RA. Effect of Atomized Delivery of Nutrients on the Growth Characteristics and Microstructure Morphology of Bacterial Cellulose. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:508-516. [PMID: 31756098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work demonstrates a general strategy for introducing remarkable changes in matrix organization and, consequently, functional properties of bacterial cellulose (BC). BC-producing cells were induced, using a well-defined atomized droplet nutrient delivery (ADND) system, to form pellicles with a regular layered morphology that persists throughout the mat depth. In contrast, the morphology of mats formed by conventional static medium nutrient delivery (SMND) is irregular with no distinguishable pattern. ADND also resulted in larger meso-scale average pore sizes but did not alter the fibril diameter (∼70 nm) and crystallinity index (92-95%). The specific modulus and specific tensile strength of ADND mats are higher than those of SMND mats. This is due to the regularity of dense layers that are present in ADND mats that are able to sustain tensile loads, when applied parallel to these layers. The density of BC films prepared by ADND is 1.63-fold lower than that of the SMND BC film. Consequently, the water contents (g/g) of ADND- and SMND-prepared BC mats are 263 ± 8.85 and 99.6 ± 2.04, respectively. A model that rationalizes differences in mat morphology resulting from these nutrient delivery methods based on nutrient and oxygen concentration gradients is proposed. This work raises questions as to the extent that ADND can be used to fine-tune the matrix morphology and how the resulting lower density mats will alter the diffusion of actives from the films to wound sites and increase the ability of cells to infiltrate the matrix during tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Christina Amason
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 1623 15th Street , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
| | | | | | - Richard A Gross
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , 1623 15th Street , Troy , New York 12180 , United States
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Extraction of Cellulose Nano-Whiskers Using Ionic Liquid-Assisted Ultra-Sonication: Optimization and Mathematical Modelling Using Box–Behnken Design. Symmetry (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/sym11091148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the extraction of cellulose nano-whiskers (CNWs) from the leaves of Adansonia kilima (AK), usually known as African baobab, using a combination of a microwave-assisted alkali (KOH) pre-treatment with subsequent bleaching process prior to ultra-sonication. Ultra-sonication was carried out using the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (Bmim-HSO4). Process parameters for ultra-sonication were optimized using a two-level factorial Box–Behnken design (BBD). Process variables such as ultra-sonication power (x1), hydrolysing time (x2) and temperature (x3) were varied. Responses selected were percentage crystallinity index, CrI% (y1) and yield% (y1) for the finally procured CNWs sample. Regression analysis was carried out to develop quadratic model to analyze the effect of process variables on IL-assisted ultra-sonication process. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that ultra-sonication power was the most influential aspect for hydrolyzing the amorphous segments of crude cellulose extracted from baobab leaves. A relative study of the physio-chemical properties of the starting lignocellulosic substrate (AK), KOH pre-treated, bleached and IL-assisted ultra-sonicated CNWs was conducted. The synthesized samples were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermo-gravimetric and zeta potential analysis. Under optimum condition, the extracted CNWs showed an average width of 15–20 nm; with high crystallinity index of 86.46%. This research provides an insight about the delignification of Adansonia kilima (AK) leaves and its effective conversion to CNWs having high crystallinity.
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Xu X, Hsieh YL. Aqueous exfoliated graphene by amphiphilic nanocellulose and its application in moisture-responsive foldable actuators. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:11719-11729. [PMID: 31180404 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01602c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a promising material for diverse applications, such as in composites, optoelectronics, photovoltaic cells, and energy storage devices. However, high-yielding liquid exfoliation of good-quality graphene in high concentrations remains a challenge. In this study, amphiphilic 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were demonstrated in robust aqueous exfoliation of graphite into high quality graphene in high yields and stable dispersions with graphene concentration up to 1 mg mL-1. Over 50% of graphene flakes exfoliated were 3 layers or less, of which ca. 5% were monolayer, and another 47% were multilayers, leaving only 3% as un-exfoliated graphitic platelets. Outstanding yields up to 84.2% were achieved at an optimized 0.2 g g-1 graphite : CNF feed ratio. The dispersed graphitic flakes are stabilized by Coulomb repulsion from the surface bound charged CNFs. Aqueous graphene suspensions stabilized by CNFs were easily vacuum filtered into nanopapers that exhibited rapid moisture triggered motion and spontaneous recovery in the absence of moisture, resembling actions of biological motor cells in "shame plant" leaves. Such unique moisture responsive behavior is attributed to the highly accessible, charged CNF surfaces and the recovery is due to the inherently hydrophobic graphene. This facile aqueous exfoliating approach using amphiphilic CNFs as multi-functional exfoliating, dispersing and structural-forming agents for moisture-responsive graphene nanopaper opens up a large-area of potential applications toward biologically inspired sensors and actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhu Xu
- Fiber and Polymer Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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Arcari M, Zuccarella E, Axelrod R, Adamcik J, Sánchez-Ferrer A, Mezzenga R, Nyström G. Nanostructural Properties and Twist Periodicity of Cellulose Nanofibrils with Variable Charge Density. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1288-1296. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Arcari
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E23, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Zuccarella
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E23, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Axelrod
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E23, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jozef Adamcik
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E23, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antoni Sánchez-Ferrer
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E23, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E23, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- ETH Zurich, Department of Materials, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gustav Nyström
- ETH Zurich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, LFO E23, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- EMPA, Laboratory for Cellulose & Wood Materials, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Saeed RMY, Bano Z, Sun J, Wang F, Ullah N, Wang Q. CuS-functionalized cellulose based aerogel as biocatalyst for removal of organic dye. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahira Bano
- School of Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Nabi Ullah
- School of Chemical Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products; Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material; Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042 China
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Mohan S, Koenderink GH, Velikov KP. Inelastic behaviour of cellulose microfibril networks. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:6828-6834. [PMID: 30132493 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00904j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose microfibrils (CMF) are a unique class of shape anisotropic bio-nanomaterials, already finding many applications in diverse fields owing to their advantageous material properties and abundant availability. The rich non-linear mechanical behaviour of CMF networks has been under-studied due to the complex nature of this system, being influenced by many factors such as strong inter-fibril interactions, a heterogeneous microstructure, and process conditions. In this work, we systematically explore the non-linear rheological behaviour of these networks using a CMF model system with controlled process conditions and fibril interactions. The microfibrils were dispersed in dimethyl sulfoxide to minimise the attractive van der Waals interactions and thereby also the network heterogeneity. We show that the networks exhibit a transition with increasing shear stress from a predominantly elastic to a plastic deformation where they undergo softening. We find that the network stiffness and plasticity are dependent on the loading rate. Finally, we observed that the networks regain their original viscoelastic moduli on cessation of shear. These findings form a basis towards understanding and ultimately modelling the mechanics of CMF networks, which is a prerequisite for the rational design of novel bio-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivatssan Mohan
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for NanoMaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- AMOLF, Living Matter Department, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Krassimir P Velikov
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for NanoMaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands and Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, Olivier van Noortlaan 120, 3133 AT Vlaardingen, The Netherlands. and Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1018 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hedjazi S, Razavi SH. A comparison of Canthaxanthine Pickering emulsions, stabilized with cellulose nanocrystals of different origins. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 106:489-497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Jiang F, Dinh DM, Hsieh YL. Adsorption and desorption of cationic malachite green dye on cellulose nanofibril aerogels. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 173:286-294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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50
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Jun D, Guomin Z, Mingzhu P, Leilei Z, Dagang L, Rui Z. Crystallization and mechanical properties of reinforced PHBV composites using melt compounding: Effect of CNCs and CNFs. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 168:255-262. [PMID: 28457448 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulose reinforced poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) composites were prepared using melt compounding. The effects of nanocellulose types (CNCs and CNFs) and nanocellulose content (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7wt%) on the crystallization, thermal and mechanical properties of PHBV composites were systematically compared in this study. The thermal stability of PHBV composites was improved by both CNCs and CNFs. CNFs with a higher thermal stability leaded to a higher thermal stability of PHBV composites. Both CNCs and CNFs induced a reduction in the crystalline size of PHBV spherulites. Furthermore, CNCs could act as a better nucleating agent for PHBV than did CNFs. CNCs and CNFs showed reinforcing effects in PHBV composites. At the equivalent content of nanocellulose, CNCs led to a higher tensile modulus of PHBV composites than did CNFs. 1wt% CNCs/PHBV composites exhibited the most optimum mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Jun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zhao Guomin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Pan Mingzhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Zhuang Leilei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Li Dagang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zhang Rui
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
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