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Zhang T, Zhao Z, Yin X, Wang N. Organoboron based photochromic gelator. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6500-6503. [PMID: 38832807 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02098g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
A series of tetra-coordinate boron-peptide conjugates has been reported. The incorporation of a photochromic organoboron unit into the gelator endows photoactivity to the supramolecular gels. While the structural transformation of the gelator upon UV irradiation minimally impacts the formed self-assembled structures, it indeed influences their rheological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China.
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2
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Yi Y, Li Y, Zhang S, Men Y, Wang Y, Jing D, Ding J, Zhu Q, Chen Z, Chen X, Li JL, Wang Y, Wang J, Peng H, Zhang L, Luo W, Feng JQ, He Y, Ge WP, Zhao H. Mapping of individual sensory nerve axons from digits to spinal cord with the transparent embedding solvent system. Cell Res 2024; 34:124-139. [PMID: 38168640 PMCID: PMC10837210 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Achieving uniform optical resolution for a large tissue sample is a major challenge for deep imaging. For conventional tissue clearing methods, loss of resolution and quality in deep regions is inevitable due to limited transparency. Here we describe the Transparent Embedding Solvent System (TESOS) method, which combines tissue clearing, transparent embedding, sectioning and block-face imaging. We used TESOS to acquire volumetric images of uniform resolution for an adult mouse whole-body sample. The TESOS method is highly versatile and can be combined with different microscopy systems to achieve uniformly high resolution. With a light sheet microscope, we imaged the whole body of an adult mouse, including skin, at a uniform 0.8 × 0.8 × 3.5 μm3 voxel resolution within 120 h. With a confocal microscope and a 40×/1.3 numerical aperture objective, we achieved a uniform sub-micron resolution in the whole sample to reveal a complete projection of individual nerve axons within the central or peripheral nervous system. Furthermore, TESOS allowed the first mesoscale connectome mapping of individual sensory neuron axons spanning 5 cm from adult mouse digits to the spinal cord at a uniform sub-micron resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Youqi Li
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Men
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dian Jing
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Ding
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjie Zhu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zexi Chen
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Xingjun Chen
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Liszt Li
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanchuan Peng
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jian Q Feng
- Texas A&M University, College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yongwen He
- Qujing Medical College, Qujing, Yunnan, China.
| | - Woo-Ping Ge
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
| | - Hu Zhao
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
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3
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Nikam AN, Roy A, Raychaudhuri R, Navti PD, Soman S, Kulkarni S, Shirur KS, Pandey A, Mutalik S. Organogels: "GelVolution" in Topical Drug Delivery - Present and Beyond. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:489-518. [PMID: 38757691 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128279479231231092905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Topical drug delivery holds immense significance in dermatological treatments due to its non-invasive nature and direct application to the target site. Organogels, a promising class of topical drug delivery systems, have acquired substantial attention for enhancing drug delivery efficiency. This review article aims to explore the advantages of organogels, including enhanced drug solubility, controlled release, improved skin penetration, non-greasy formulations, and ease of application. The mechanism of organogel permeation into the skin is discussed, along with formulation strategies, which encompass the selection of gelling agents, cogelling agents, and additives while considering the influence of temperature and pH on gel formation. Various types of organogelators and organogels and their properties, such as viscoelasticity, non-birefringence, thermal stability, and optical clarity, are presented. Moreover, the biomedical applications of organogels in targeting skin cancer, anti-inflammatory drug delivery, and antifungal drug delivery are discussed. Characterization parameters, biocompatibility, safety considerations, and future directions in optimizing skin permeation, ensuring long-term stability, addressing regulatory challenges, and exploring potential combination therapies are thoroughly examined. Overall, this review highlights the immense potential of organogels in redefining topical drug delivery and their significant impact on the field of dermatological treatments, thus paving the way for exciting prospects in the domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajinkya Nitin Nikam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Amrita Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Ruchira Raychaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Prerana D Navti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Soji Soman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Sanjay Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Krishnaraj Somayaji Shirur
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
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4
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Smith DK. Supramolecular gels - a panorama of low-molecular-weight gelators from ancient origins to next-generation technologies. SOFT MATTER 2023; 20:10-70. [PMID: 38073497 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01301d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular gels, self-assembled from low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs), have a long history and a bright future. This review provides an overview of these materials, from their use in lubrication and personal care in the ancient world, through to next-generation technologies. In academic terms, colloid scientists in the 19th and early 20th centuries first understood such gels as being physically assembled as a result of weak interactions, combining a solid-like network having a degree of crystalline order with a highly mobile liquid-like phase. During the 20th century, industrial scientists began using these materials in new applications in the polymer, oil and food industries. The advent of supramolecular chemistry in the late 20th century, with its focus on non-covalent interactions and controlled self-assembly, saw the horizons for these materials shifted significantly beyond their historic rheological applications, expanding their potential. The ability to tune the LMWG chemical structure, manipulate hierarchical assembly, develop multi-component systems, and introduce new types of responsive and interactive behaviour, has been transformative. Furthermore, the dynamics of these materials are increasingly understood, creating metastable gels and transiently-fueled systems. New approaches to shaping and patterning gels are providing a unique opportunity for more sophisticated uses. These supramolecular advances are increasingly underpinning and informing next-generation applications - from drug delivery and regenerative medicine to environmental remediation and sustainable energy. In summary, this article presents a panorama over the field of supramolecular gels, emphasising how both academic and industrial scientists are building on the past, and engaging new fundamental insights and innovative concepts to open up exciting horizons for their future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
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5
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Aryal P, Morris J, Adhikari SB, Bietsch J, Wang G. Synthesis and Self-Assembling Properties of Carbohydrate- and Diarylethene-Based Photoswitchable Molecular Gelators. Molecules 2023; 28:6228. [PMID: 37687056 PMCID: PMC10488493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate-based low-molecular-weight gelators are interesting new materials with many potential applications. These compounds can be designed to include multiple stimuli-responsive functional groups. In this study, we designed and synthesized several chemically responsive bola-glycolipids and dimeric carbohydrate- and diarylethene-based photoswitchable derivatives. The dimeric glycolipids formed stable gels in a variety of solvent systems. The best performing gelators in this series contained decanedioic and dithienylethene (DTE) spacers, which formed gels in eight and nine of the tested solvents, respectively. The two new DTE-containing esters possessed interesting photoswitching properties and DTE derivative 7 was found to have versatile gelation properties in many solvents, including DMSO solutions at low concentrations. The gels formed by these compounds were stable under acidic conditions and tended to hydrolyze under basic conditions. Several gels were used to absorb rhodamine B and Toluidine blue from aqueous solutions. In this study, we demonstrated the rational design of molecular gelators which incorporated photoresponsive and pH responsive functions, leading to the discovery of multiple effective stimuli-responsive gelators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guijun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23529-0126, USA; (P.A.); (J.M.); (S.B.A.); (J.B.)
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6
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Wen C, Zhang Z, Cao L, Liu G, Liang L, Liu X, Zhang J, Li Y, Yang X, Li S, Ren J, Xu X. Walnut Protein: A Rising Source of High-Quality Protein and Its Updated Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37399339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, plant protein as a necessary nutrient source for human beings, a common ingredient of traditional processed food, and an important element of new functional food has gained prominence due to the increasing demand for healthy food. Walnut protein (WP) is obtained from walnut kernels and walnut oil-pressing waste and has better nutritional, functional, and essential amino acids in comparison with other vegetable and grain proteins. WP can be conveniently obtained by various extraction techniques, including alkali-soluble acid precipitation, salting-out, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, among others. The functional properties of WP can be modified for desired purposes by using some novel methods, including free radical oxidation, enzymatic modification, high hydrostatic pressure, etc. Moreover, walnut peptides play an important biological role both in vitro and in vivo. The main activities of the walnut peptides are antihypertensive, antioxidant, learning improvement, and anticancer, among others. Furthermore, WP could be applied in the development of functional foods or dietary supplements, such as delivery systems and food additives, among others. This review summarizes recent knowledge on the nutritional, functional, and bioactive peptide aspects of WP and possible future products, providing a theoretical reference for the utilization and development of oil crop waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Liyan Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Guoyan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Li Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jixian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Youdong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
| | - Xinquan Yang
- Dongguan Chuangwei Precision Nutrition and Health Innovation Center, Dong guan 523000, China
| | - Shugang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 51064, China
| | - Xin Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yang Zhou 225127, China
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7
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Agarwal P, Rupenthal ID. Non-aqueous formulations in topical ocular drug delivery - a paradigm shift? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 198:114867. [PMID: 37178927 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Topical eyedrop application is the preferred route for drug delivery to anterior segment tissues; however, the challenge of overcoming the eye's anatomical and physiological barriers while minimising tissue toxicity has restricted developments in this field. Aqueous vehicles have traditionally been used, which typically require several additives and preservatives to achieve physiologically compatible and sterile eyedrops, elevating their toxicity potential. Non-aqueous vehicles have been suggested as efficient alternatives for topical drug delivery as they can address many of the limitations associated with conventional aqueous eyedrops. However, despite their obvious advantages, non-aqueous eyedrops remain poorly researched and few non-aqueous formulations are currently available in the market. This review challenges the conventional hypothesis that aqueous solubility is a prerequisite to ocular drug absorption and establishes a rationale for using non-aqueous vehicles for ocular drug delivery. Recent advances in the field have been detailed and future research prospects have been explored, pointing towards a paradigm shift in eyedrop formulation in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Agarwal
- Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Ilva D Rupenthal
- Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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8
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Lai TY, Khabaz F, Cavicchi KA. Influence of solute association on the phase behavior of 12-hydroxystearic acid/ n-alkane solutions. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2339-2349. [PMID: 36876897 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00013c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The phase behavior of 12-hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA) in even-numbered alkanes ranging from octane (C8) to hexatriacontane (C36) was measured by visual observation of liquid + solid to liquid and liquid-liquid to liquid cloud points and liquid + solid to liquid + liquid transitions. In general solid phases were stabilized to low concentration and higher temperature with increasing alkane length. Liquid-liquid immiscibility was observed in larger alkanes starting with octadecane. The liquidus lines of shorter alkanes (octane to hexadecane) showing only liquid to liquid + solid transitions were fit with an attenuated associated solution model based on the Flory-Huggins lattice model assuming that 12-HSA forms a carboxylic acid dimer over all concentrations investigated. The fit results show that 12-HSA forms associated structures with degrees of association ranging from 3.7-4.5 dimers in the neat 12-HSA. At low concentrations, the 12-HSA is dissociated into dimers, however the free energy cost of dissociation stabilizes the solid phase giving a sharp knee at low concentrations. The role of 12-HSA association in its phase behavior and gelation behavior are discussed. More broadly, the importance of solute association in small molecule organogelators and its potential as a molecular design parameter similar to other component thermodynamic parameters, such as melting temperature and heat of fusion, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Lai
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
| | - Fardin Khabaz
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Kevin A Cavicchi
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
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Kodama K, Obata M, Sugimura S, Yuhara H, Hirose T. Development of Low-Molecular-Weight Organogelators from Cyclic β-Amino Acid: Effect of Stereochemistry and their Application on Visual Chiral Recognition of Amines. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202692. [PMID: 36461621 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the formation of low-molecular-weight gelators based on carboxylic acids derived from chiral cyclicβ-amino acids. The effect of their stereochemistry on the gelation of organic solvents was investigated, and their assemblies with the intermolecular interactions in the xerogels were proposed via infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and crystallographic details of the related model compounds. The effect of the alkyl chain length on the gelators was studied, and they were applied to the chiral recognition of amines. Only one diastereomeric salt with amines afforded gels, whereas the others resulted in precipitates. Chiral recognition was also achieved in the gel state, and the appearance of the as-prepared gel changed upon the addition of each amine enantiomer, thus enabling the visual detection of their chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kodama
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Masato Obata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Sho Sugimura
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yuhara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Takuji Hirose
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
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10
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Low-Molecular-Weight Gels as Smart Materials for the Enhancement of Antioxidants Activity. COSMETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics10020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants are important substances used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields that are able to block free radicals. These compounds can be incorporated into formulations for many reasons, such as release over time or preservation of the formulation activity and applicability. In the present study, a low-molecular-weight gel made with Boc-L-DOPA(Bn)2-OH was studied as suitable material to host antioxidants and improve their activity. The solvent change (DMSO/H2O) in combination with temperature was the technological procedure for the preparation of the gel. Two different antioxidants were tested: (1) α-tocopherol and (2) postbiotics. The antioxidant activity of α-tocopherol and of the postbiotics in the gel, measured by the (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay, showed higher values than those in the pure solvent. The antioxidant activity of the gel with 0.8 w/v% of gelator and α-tocopherol in the concentration range of 5–100 µM was 2.7–1.1 times higher on average than in the pure solvent. In the case of both postbiotics, the biggest difference was observed at 30% of postbiotics in the gel with 0.5% of a gelator, when the antioxidant activity was 4.4 to 4.7 times higher than that in the pure solvent.
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11
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Ludwig AD, Gorbunova V, Saint‐Jalmes A, Berrée F, Lemiègre L. Alkylboronate β‐Phenylglucoside versus Phenylboronate β‐Alkylglucoside Organogelators. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas D. Ludwig
- Univ Rennes Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes CNRS ISCR – UMR6226 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Viktoriia Gorbunova
- Univ Rennes Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes CNRS ISCR – UMR6226 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Arnaud Saint‐Jalmes
- Univ Rennes CNRS IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes) – UMR 6251 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Fabienne Berrée
- Univ Rennes Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes CNRS ISCR – UMR6226 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Loïc Lemiègre
- Univ Rennes Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes CNRS ISCR – UMR6226 F-35000 Rennes France
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12
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He WY, Wang XC, Gong W, Huang HB, Hou YY, Wang R, Hu JN. Construction of an antibacterial hydrogel based on diammonium glycyrrhizinate and gallic acid for bacterial- infected wound healing. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:112975. [PMID: 36442387 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The current antibacterial wound dressings with antibiotic substances or metal bactericidal agents may lead to severe multidrug resistance and poor biocompatibilities. Herein, we report an inherent antibacterial hydrogel constructed by only two naturally small molecules gallic acid (GA) and diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DG) for promoting Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)-infected wound healing. The resultant GAD hydrogel can be fabricated by co-assembly of these two materials through simple steps. Thanks to the incorporation of GA and DG, GAD hydrogel enabled a strong mechanical performance and great self-healing property with a sustained-release of drugs into skin wounds. Moreover, the cell viability assays showed that GAD hydrogel had good cytocompatibility by promoting cell proliferation and migration. In addition, GAD hydrogel had broad antibacterial efficiency against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Taken together, GAD hydrogel is a promising dressing to accelerate bacterial-infected wound healing through reconstructing an intact and thick epidermis without antibiotics or cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ying He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xin-Chuang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wei Gong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Hai-Bo Huang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yi-Yang Hou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ran Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jiang-Ning Hu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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13
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Grover G, Brothers AB, Weiss RG. Molecular and Aggregate Structural, Thermal, Mechanical and Photophysical Properties of Long-Chain Amide Gelators Containing an α-Diketo Group in the Presence or Absence of a Tertiary Amine Group. Gels 2022; 9:gels9010036. [PMID: 36661803 PMCID: PMC9857964 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Three structurally related gelators, each containing octadecyl chains, an α-diketo group at the 9,10 positions, and each with a different N-amide group-isobutyl (DIBA), isopentyl (DIPA) or N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl) (DMEA)-have been synthesized. Their neat structures as well as the thermal mechanical, and photophysical properties in their gel states with various liquids have been investigated. The gelator networks of DIBA and DIPA in octane, hexylbenzene and silicone oil consist of bundles of fibers. These gels are partially thixotropic and mechanically, thermally (to above their melting or silicone oil gelation temperatures), and photophysically stable. They are mechanically and thermally stronger than the gels formed with DMEA, the gelator with a tertiary amine group. The lone pair of electrons of the tertiary amine group leads to an intra-molecular or inter-molecular charge-transfer interaction, depending on whether the sample is a solution, sol, or gel. Neat, solid DMEA does not undergo the charge-transfer process because its amino and diketo groups are separated spatially by a large distance in the crystalline state and cannot diffuse into proximity. However, the solution of DIPA upon the addition of triethylamine becomes unstable over time at room temperature in the dark or (more rapidly) when irradiated, which initiates the aforementioned charge-transfer processes. The eventual reaction of the gelators in the presence of a tertiary amine group is ascribed to electron transfer from the lone-pair on nitrogen to an α-diketo group, followed by proton transfer to an oxygen atom on the anion radical of the α-diketo group from a methyl or methylene group attached to the nitrogen atom of the cation radical. Finally, the formation of an α-diketyl radical leads to irreversible electronic and structural changes that are observed over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girishma Grover
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | | | - Richard G. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Correspondence:
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14
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Van Lommel R, Van Hooste J, Vandaele J, Steurs G, Van der Donck T, De Proft F, Rocha S, Sakellariou D, Alonso M, De Borggraeve WM. Does Supramolecular Gelation Require an External Trigger? Gels 2022; 8:gels8120813. [PMID: 36547337 PMCID: PMC9778329 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The supramolecular gelation of small molecules is typically preceded by an external stimulus to trigger the self-assembly. The need for this trigger stems from the metastable nature of most supramolecular gels and can limit their applicability. Herein, we present a small urea-based molecule that spontaneously forms a stable hydrogel by simple mixing without the addition of an external trigger. Single particle tracking experiments and observations made from scanning electron microscopy indicated that triggerless gelation occurred in a similar fashion as the archetypical heat-triggered gelation. These results could stimulate the search for other supramolecular hydrogels that can be obtained by simple mixing. Furthermore, the mechanism of the heat-triggered supramolecular gelation was elucidated by a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and quantitative NMR experiments. Surprisingly, hydrogelation seemingly occurs via a stepwise self-assembly in which spherical nanoparticles mature into an entangled fibrillary network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Van Lommel
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Van Hooste
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes Vandaele
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert Steurs
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van der Donck
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank De Proft
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Susana Rocha
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dimitrios Sakellariou
- Center for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions (cMACS), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Department of Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (W.M.D.B.)
| | - Wim M. De Borggraeve
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (W.M.D.B.)
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15
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Rabecca Jenifer V, Mohan Das T. Smart supramolecular photoresponsive gelator with long-alkyl chain azobenzene incorporated sugar derivatives for recycling aromatic solvents and sequestration of cationic dyes. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:9017-9025. [PMID: 36404737 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01367c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phase-selective gelation of low molecular-weight photoresponsive organogelator possessing long aliphatic chain azobenzene sugar derivatives and its applications in the recycling of aromatic solvents and also the removal of cationic dyes is reported. Very low critical gelation concentration (CGC) in aromatic solvents implies that it acts as a very good gelator. The photoinduced gel-to-sol transition was attained by irradiation with UV light at 350 nm. These organogels work as a selective adsorbent for efficiently removing cationic dyes from individual aqueous dye solutions and in a mixture of cationic and anionic dye solutions show more than 95% removal within 12 h. These insights indicate that these sugar derivatives could be exploited in implementing smart materials for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rabecca Jenifer
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur 610 005, India.
| | - Thangamuthu Mohan Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu (CUTN), Thiruvarur 610 005, India.
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16
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Su M, Zhang J, Li Z, Wei Y, Zhang J, Pang Z, Gao Y, Qian S, Heng W. Recent advances on small molecular gels: formation mechanism and their application in pharmaceutical fields. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1597-1617. [PMID: 36259939 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2138329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As an essential complement to chemically cross-linked macromolecular gels, drug delivery systems based on small molecular gels formed under the driving forces of non-covalent interactions are attracting considerable research interest due to their potential advantages of high structural functionality, lower biological toxicity, reversible stimulus-response, and so on. AREA COVERED The present review summarizes recent advances in small molecular gels and provides their updates as a comprehensive overview in terms of gelation mechanism, gel properties, and physicochemical characterizations. In particular, this manuscript reviews the effects of drug-based small molecular gels on the drug development and their potential applications in the pharmaceutical fields. EXPERT OPINION Small molecular-based gel systems, constructed by inactive compounds or active pharmaceutical ingredients, have been extensively studied as carriers for drug delivery in pharmaceutical field, such as oral formulations, injectable formulations, and transdermal formulations. However, the construction of such gel systems yet faces several challenges such as rational and efficient design of functional gelators and the great occasionality of drug-based gel formation. Thus, a deeper understanding of the gelation mechanism and its relationship with gel properties will be conducive to the construction of small molecular gels systems and their future application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zudi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zunting Pang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weili Heng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Xue C, Huang Y, Zheng X, Hu G. Hopping Behavior Mediates the Anomalous Confined Diffusion of Nanoparticles in Porous Hydrogels. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10612-10620. [PMID: 36350083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion is an essential means of mass transport in porous materials such as hydrogels, which are appealing in various biomedical applications. Herein, we investigate the diffusive motion of nanoparticles (NPs) in porous hydrogels to provide a microscopic view of confined diffusion. Based on the mean square displacement from particle tracking experiments, we elucidate the anomalous diffusion dynamics of the embedded NPs and reveal the heterogeneous pore structures in hydrogels. The results demonstrate that diffusive NPs can intermittently escape from single pores through void connective pathways and exhibit non-Gaussian displacement probability distribution. We simulate this scenario using the Monte Carlo method and clarify the existence of hopping events in porous diffusion. The resultant anomalous diffusion can be fully depicted by combining the hopping mechanism and the hydrodynamic effect. Our results highlight the hopping behavior through the connective pathways and establish a hybrid model to predict NP transport in porous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chundong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
| | - Yirong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
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18
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Mohamed MBM, Dahabiyeh LA, Sahib MN. Design and evaluation of molecular organogel based on folic acid as a potential green drug carrier for oral route. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:367-373. [PMID: 36094171 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2118316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The low molecular weight organogels are interesting carriers for pharmaceutical compounds. However, their uses are limited due to the toxicity burden of the organic solvent used. Hence, this study aimed to prepare organogel using folic acid (FA) in different concentrations as a gelator for propylene glycol (PG) biocompatible solvent. METHODS The simple mixing method followed by incubation in a water bath at 90 °C was used to prepare organogels. Then, formulations were assessed using different methods including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dropping method, attenuated total reflectance - Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), oscillatory rheology studies, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and in vitro dissolution study. RESULTS Gel formation and its consistency were highly depending on FA concentration. The results showed that increasing the concentration of FA in the organogel led to accelerating the gelation process, and the least amount of FA that could gel the PG was 0.25% w/w. However, higher concentrations were needed to create an organogel with excellent properties. The DSC and dropping studies revealed stable organogels formulations at body temperature. The ATR-FTIR showed interactions between the pteridine ring of FA and PG. The strain amplitude and frequency sweep tests demonstrated an increase in storage modulus values as the concentration of FA increased at 37 °C, which were frequency independent at high frequencies. In addition, the SEM exposed the fabrics like the structure of these organogels. Furthermore, the in vitro dissolution of organogel was pH-dependent, with a high possibility of taking place in the large intestine. CONCLUSION FA/PG organogel formulation is a promising carrier for drug and nutraceuticals compound for the oral delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lina A Dahabiyeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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19
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Hill MJS, Adams DJ. Multi-layer 3D printed dipeptide-based low molecular weight gels. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:5960-5965. [PMID: 35916473 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00663d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We describe the direct 3D printing of dipeptide hydrogels, forming layers from gels prepared from different dipeptides. The dipeptides self-assemble into fibres that lead to very different microstructures letting us differentiate between the gels. We show how the mechanical properties of the overall 3D printed structures are affected by the composition of each of the layers, allowing us to build up structures with different microstructure and stiffness. We also discuss the interface between layers formed from different gelators, showing that the gels remain independent from neighbouring printed material, even when prepared in very close proximity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max J S Hill
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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20
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Lv Y, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Shen Y, Jiang L. Self-Assembling Oligo(2-oxazoline) Organogelators for the Encapsulation and Slow Release of Bioactive Volatiles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:27523-27531. [PMID: 35967068 PMCID: PMC9366986 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a class of distinctive supramolecular nanostructures in situ-generated from the cationic ring-opening polymerization of a particular 2-oxazoline monomer, i.e., 2-(N-tert-butyloxycarbonylaminomethyl)-2-oxazoline (Ox1). Driven by side-chain hydrogen bonding between neighboring molecules and van der Waals interactions, the growing oligomers of Ox1 precipitate in the form of macroscopic platelets when the degree of polymerization reaches 5-7. A similar self-assembly occurred in the block copolymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (EtOx) or 2-pentyl-2-oxazoline (PeOx) and Ox1 as the second monomer. These polymeric aggregates were found to disassemble into rod-like nanoparticles under appropriate conditions, and to form stable organogels in some polar solvents like dimethylformamide as well as in natural liquid fragrances such as (R)-carvone, citronellal, and (R)-limonene. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the morphology of their xerogels was solvent-dependent, mainly with a lamellar or fibrous structure. The rheology measurements confirmed the as-obtained organogels feature an obvious thixotropic character. The storage modulus was about 7-10 times higher than the loss modulus, indicating the physical crosslinking in the gel. The fragrance release profiles showed that the presented supramolecular gel system exhibits good sustained-release effect for the loaded bioactive volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Lv
- Key
Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry
of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuanjiang Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry
of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry
of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhuxian Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education
and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials, College of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education
and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials, College of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Liming Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry
of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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21
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Abstract
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Low molecular weight
gels are formed by the self-assembly of small
molecules into anisotropic structures that form a network capable
of immobilizing the solvent. Such gels are common, with a huge number
of different examples existing, and they have many applications. However,
there are still significant gaps in our understanding of these systems
and challenges that need to be addressed if we are to be able to fully
design such systems. Here, a number of these challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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22
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Sumitani R, Yamanaka M, Mochida T. On-demand gelation of ionic liquids using photoresponsive organometallic gelators. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3479-3486. [PMID: 35437552 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00307d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The reversible formation of ionic liquid gels, or ionogels, upon external stimuli could improve their versatility and expand their application scope in electronic, biomedical, and micro-engineering systems. Herein, we developed organometallic compounds that release low-molecular-weight gelators upon photoirradiation, which facilitate the on-demand photogelation of ionic liquids (ILs). The chemical formulae of the gelator-coordinated complexes are [Ru(C5H5)L]X (L = C6H5NHCONHC12H25; X = PF6, B(CN)4). Each of the complexes were ILs that are easy to synthesize and miscible in ILs. By adding a small amount of the complex, various ILs were transformed to gels upon UV photoirradiation. The PF6 salt allowed the photogelation of ILs with coordinating substituents, whereas the B(CN)4 salt allowed the photogelation of non-coordinating ILs, albeit the reaction was slower. These gels underwent the reverse reaction and liquefied back when heated, and the photogelation was repeatable for ILs with coordinating cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Sumitani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Masamichi Yamanaka
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Mochida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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23
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Piras CC, Mahon CS, Genever PG, Smith DK. Shaping and Patterning Supramolecular Materials─Stem Cell-Compatible Dual-Network Hybrid Gels Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1829-1840. [PMID: 35364810 PMCID: PMC9092345 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Hydrogels
with spatio-temporally
controlled properties are appealing
materials for biological and pharmaceutical applications. We make
use of mild acidification protocols to fabricate hybrid gels using
calcium alginate in the presence of a preformed thermally triggered
gel based on a low-molecular-weight gelator (LMWG) 1,3:2:4-di(4-acylhydrazide)-benzylidene
sorbitol (DBS-CONHNH2). Nonwater-soluble calcium carbonate
slowly releases calcium ions over time when exposed to an acidic pH,
triggering the assembly of the calcium alginate gel network. We combined
the gelators in different ways: (i) the LMWG was used as a template
to spatially control slow calcium alginate gelation within preformed
gel beads, using glucono-δ-lactone (GdL) to lower the pH; (ii)
the LMWG was used as a template to spatially control slow calcium
alginate gelation within preformed gel trays, using diphenyliodonium
nitrate (DPIN) as a photoacid to lower the pH, and spatial resolution
was achieved by masking. The dual-network hybrid gels display highly
tunable properties, and the beads are compatible with stem cell growth.
Furthermore, they preserve the LMWG function of inducing in situ silver
nanoparticle (AgNP) formation, which provides the gels with antibacterial
activity. These gels have potential for eventual regenerative medicine
applications in (e.g.) bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Clare S Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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24
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Sun H, Jiang J, Zhang L, Yuan C, Jiang Y, Liu P. Rheological and atomization behavior of glycyrrhizic acid based supramolecular gel propellant simulant. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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McDowall D, Adams DJ, Seddon AM. Using small angle scattering to understand low molecular weight gels. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1577-1590. [PMID: 35147629 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The material properties of a gel are determined by the underpinning network that immobilises the solvent. When gels are formed by the self-assembly of small molecules into a so-called low molecular weight gel, the network is the result of the molecules forming one-dimensional objects such as fibres or nanotubes which entangle or otherwise cross-link to form a three-dimensional network. Characterising the one-dimensional objects and the network is difficult. Many conventional techniques rely on drying to probe the network, which often leads to artefacts. An effective tool to probe the gel in the solvated state is small angle scattering. Both small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) can be used. Here, we discuss these approaches and provide a tutorial review to describe how these approaches work, what opportunities there are and how the data treatment should be approached. We aim to show the power of this approach and provide enabling information to make them accessible to the non-specialist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel McDowall
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Annela M Seddon
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.
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26
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Chen Y, Song D, Hou Q, Ma M, Zhao X, Yang T, Xie H, Ding P. A Novel Drug Self-Delivery System from Fatty Alcohol Esters of Tranexamic Acid for Venous Malformation Sclerotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:343. [PMID: 35214075 PMCID: PMC8876579 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Venous malformation (VM), which causes severe damage to patients' appearance and organ function, is one of the most common vascular malformations. At present, many drugs in clinical treatment cause various adverse reactions. Herein, we synthesized cationic amphiphilic gelators (TA6, TA8, and TA9) by introducing saturated carbon chains of different lengths to tranexamic acid (TA), which could self-assemble into low-molecular-weight gels (LMWGs) as drug delivery carriers by hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic interactions. The rheological properties, gelation driving force and drug release profiles of TA6, TA8, and TA9 hydrogels were characterized, and the results indicated that the hydrogels prepared in this study possessed the typical characteristics of a gel and could release drugs slowly. More importantly, the TA9 gelator showed significant pharmacological activity, in that it served as both an active drug compound and a drug carrier. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that TA9 induced HUVECs death and hemolysis by destroying cell membranes in a dose-dependent manner, and caused cell death and hemolysis at a concentration of 0.09 µM/mL. Meanwhile, we found TA9 could interact not only with fibrinogen, but also with other endogenous molecules in the blood. After the administration of TA9 hydrogel for 15 days, macroscopic imaging and histological evaluation in mice and rabbits displayed obvious thrombi, inflammatory reactions, and venous embolization, indicating that the mechanism of the TA9 hydrogel in treating VM was involved in two processes. Firstly, the TA9 hydrogel relied on its mechanical strength to physically block veins and continuously release TA9, in situ, for targeted therapy. Then, TA9 destroyed endothelial cells and damaged venous walls critically, causing thrombi. Most excitingly, TA9 was hydrolyzed to TA by enzymes that inhibited the degradation of thrombi by plasmin to prolong the embolization time and to promote venous fibrosis. Compared with other clinically available sclerosants, the degradation of TA9 also empowered a better biocompatibility and biodegradability for the TA9 hydrogel. In conclusion, we synthesized a potentially safe and effective derivative of TA and developed a low-molecular-weight gel as a self-delivery system for TA in treating VM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.C.); (D.S.); (Q.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Di Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.C.); (D.S.); (Q.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Qianqian Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.C.); (D.S.); (Q.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Mengrui Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.C.); (D.S.); (Q.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China;
| | - Tianzhi Yang
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, ME 13802, USA;
| | - Huichao Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.C.); (D.S.); (Q.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (Y.C.); (D.S.); (Q.H.); (M.M.)
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In Situ Supramolecular Gel Formed by Cyclohexane Diamine with Aldehyde Derivative. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030400. [PMID: 35160389 PMCID: PMC8840383 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight gels have great potential for use in a variety of fields, including petrochemicals, healthcare, and tissue engineering. These supramolecular gels are frequently metastable, implying that their properties are kinetically controlled to some extent. Here, we report on the in situ supramolecular gel formation by mixing 1,3-cyclohexane diamine (1) and isocyanate derivative (2) without any catalysis at room temperature in various organic solvents. A mixture of building blocks 1 and 2 in various organic solvents, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, toluene, and 1,4-dioxane, resulted in the stable formation of supramolecular gel at room temperature within 60–100 s. This gel formation was caused by the generation of urea moieties, which allows for the formation of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions via reactions 1 and 2. In situ supramolecular gels demonstrated a typical entangled fiber structure with a width of 600 nm and a length of several hundred μm. In addition, the supramolecular gels were thermally reversible by heating and cooling. The viscoelastic properties of supramolecular gels in strain and frequency sweets were enhanced by increasing the concentration of a mixed 1 and 2. Furthermore, the supramolecular gels displayed a thixotropic effect, indicating a thermally reversible gel.
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Gharehkhani A, Ghorbani-Vaghei R, Alavinia S. Synthesis of calixresorcarenes using magnetic poly triazine-benzene sulfonamide-SO 3H. RSC Adv 2021; 11:37514-37527. [PMID: 35496418 PMCID: PMC9043749 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07393a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to develop a magnetically recyclable immobilized base catalyst for the green synthesis of calixresorcarenes. To achieve this, poly triazine-benzene sulfonamide (PTBSA) has been coated on magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and subsequently chlorosulfonic acid has been supported to obtain Fe3O4@PTBSA-SO3H. The structure of nano-Fe3O4@PTBSA-SO3H was characterized by TEM, XRD, FT-IR, VSM, WDX, EDX, TGA/DSC and FE-SEM. The catalytic efficiency of this catalyst was also investigated in the synthesis of novel calixresorcarene derivatives. The advantages of heterogeneous nature, catalytic activity and the recyclability of the polymer support were also strengthened by advanced surface treatment. These key factors (basic sites, acidic sites and heterogeneity) play essential roles in the catalyst performance. This procedure has some advantages such as short reaction time, clean and fast work-up and easy separation of the catalyst by an external magnet. Magnetic poly triazine-benzene sulfonamide-SO3H was investigated for the synthesis of calixresorcarenes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Gharehkhani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University Zip Code 65174 Hamedan Iran +98 81 38380647
| | - Ramin Ghorbani-Vaghei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University Zip Code 65174 Hamedan Iran +98 81 38380647
| | - Sedigheh Alavinia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University Zip Code 65174 Hamedan Iran +98 81 38380647
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Li X, Zhang H, Liu L, Cao C, Wei P, Yi X, Zhou Y, Lv Q, Zhou D, Yi T. De novo design of self-assembly hydrogels based on Fmoc-diphenylalanine providing drug release. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8686-8693. [PMID: 34617098 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01628h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Short peptides with self-assembled nanostructures are widely applied in the areas of drug delivery systems and biomaterials. In this article, we create a new peptide-based hydrogelator (Fmoc-FFRRVR) based on N-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-diphenylalanine (Fmoc-FF) through an approach to improve its hydrophilicity. Compared to Fmoc-FF, Fmoc-FFRRVR prefers to form a hydrogel under mild conditions, and the gelation time is only 2 s. Fmoc-FFRRVR self-assembles into organized arrays of β-sheets in nanofibers via π-stacking of Fmoc-FF, which are supported by circular dichroism and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. Rheology results confirm that the hydrogel of Fmoc-FFRRVR is elastic, reversible and injectable. The newly discovered hydrogel not only retains some excellent performances of Fmoc-FF, but also can be used as a drug carrier for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China. .,School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China. .,China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China.
| | - Huijun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Lingyan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Chunyan Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China.
| | - Qingyang Lv
- China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China.
| | - Dongfang Zhou
- China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
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Dodda JM, Azar MG, Sadiku R. Crosslinking Trends in Multicomponent Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100232. [PMID: 34612608 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent-based hydrogels are well established candidates for biomedical applications. However, certain aspects of multicomponent systems, e.g., crosslinking, structural binding, network formation, proteins/drug incorporation, etc., are challenging aspects to modern biomedical research. The types of crosslinking and network formation are crucial for the effective combination of multiple component systems. The creation of a complex system in the overall structure and the crosslinking efficiency of different polymeric chains in an organized fashion are crucially important, especially when the materials are for biomedical applications. Therefore, the engineering of hydrogel has to be, succinctly understood, carefully formulated, and expertly designed. The different crosslinking methods in use, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, coordination bonding, and self-assembly. The formations of double, triple, and multiple networks, are well established. A systematic study of the crosslinking mechanisms in multicomponent systems, in terms of the crosslinking types, network formation, intramolecular bonds between different structural units, and their potentials for biomedical applications, is lacking and therefore, these aspects require investigations. To this end, the present review, focuses on the recent advances in areas of the physical, chemical, and enzymatic crosslinking methods that are often, employed for the designing of multicomponent hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagan Mohan Dodda
- New Technologies-Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, Pilsen, 301 00, Czech Republic
| | - Mina Ghafouri Azar
- New Technologies-Research Centre (NTC), University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 8, Pilsen, 301 00, Czech Republic
| | - Rotimi Sadiku
- Institute of NanoEngineering Research (INER) and Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Staatsartillerie Rd, Pretoria West Campus, Pretoria, 0183, Republic of South Africa
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31
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1,10-Phenanthroline-based hexacatenar LCs with complex self-assembly, photophysical and binding selectivity behaviors. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cooke HS, Schlichter L, Piras CC, Smith DK. Double diffusion for the programmable spatiotemporal patterning of multi-domain supramolecular gels. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12156-12164. [PMID: 34667581 PMCID: PMC8457394 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03155d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To achieve spatial resolution of a multi-component gel, a double diffusion approach is used which enables the precise programming of self-assembled patterned domains with well-defined shapes and sizes. The low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) used in this study are pH-responsive DBS-CO2H and thermally-responsive DBS-CONHNH2 (both based on 1,3:2,4-dibenzylidenesorbitol, DBS). A DBS-CONHNH2 gel was initially assembled in a tray, and then loaded at carefully-selected positions with either basified DBS-CO2H (i.e. DBS-carboxylate) or an acid. These soluble components subsequently diffuse through the pre-formed gel matrix, and in the domains when/where they mix, protonation of the DBS-carboxylate induces self-assembly of the DBS-CO2H network, leading to a patterned gel-in-gel object with well-defined shape and dimensions. Using a strong acid achieves fast gelation kinetics, creating smaller, better-defined macroscale objects but with less nanoscale order. Using a weak acid source with slow kinetics, gives slightly larger objects, but on the nanoscale the DBS-CO2H network formation is better controlled, giving more homogeneous nanoscale structures and stiffer objects. The patterned objects can be further reinforced by the presence of agarose polymer gelator. The shape of the patterning is programmed by both the shape of the central reservoir and the starting geometry in which the reservoirs are organised, with the balance between factors depending on assembly kinetics, as dictated by the choice of acid. This simple methodology therefore enables programming of patterned gels with spatiotemporal control and emergent patterning characteristics. To achieve spatial resolution of a multi-component gel, a double diffusion approach is used which enables the precise programming of emergent self-assembled patterned domains with well-defined shapes and sizes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S Cooke
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Lisa Schlichter
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Carmen C Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
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Piras CC, Patterson AK, Smith DK. Hybrid Self-Assembled Gel Beads for Tuneable pH-Controlled Rosuvastatin Delivery. Chemistry 2021; 27:13203-13210. [PMID: 34346527 PMCID: PMC8519141 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the fabrication of new pH-responsive hybrid gel beads combining the polymer gelator calcium alginate with two different low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) based on 1,3 : 2,4-dibenzylidene-d-sorbitol: pH-responsive DBS-COOH and thermally responsive DBS-CONHNH2 , thus clearly demonstrating that different classes of LMWG can be fabricated into gel beads by using this approach. We also demonstrate that self-assembled multicomponent gel beads can be formed by using different combinations of these gelators. The different gel bead formulations exhibit different responsiveness - the DBS-COOH network can disassemble within those beads in which it is present upon raising the pH. To exemplify preliminary data for a potential application for these hybrid gel beads, we explored aspects of the delivery of the lipid-lowering active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) rosuvastatin. The release profile of this statin from the hybrid gel beads is pH-dependent, with greater release at pH 7.4 than at pH 4.0 - primary control of this process results from the pKa of the API. The extent of pH-mediated API release is also significantly further modified according to gel bead composition. The DBS-COOH/alginate beads show rapid, highly effective drug release at pH 7.4, whereas the three-component DBS-COOH/DBS-CONHNH2 /alginate system shows controlled slow release of the API under the same conditions. These initial results indicate that such gel beads constitute a promising, versatile and easily tuned platform suitable for further development for controlled drug-delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C. Piras
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslington, YorkYO10 5DDUK
| | | | - David K. Smith
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslington, YorkYO10 5DDUK
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34
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Sardaru MC, Rosca I, Morariu S, Ursu EL, Ghiarasim R, Rotaru A. Injectable Thixotropic β-Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Hydrogels Based on Guanosine Quartet Assembly. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179179. [PMID: 34502085 PMCID: PMC8431444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Facile method for the preparation of β–cyclodextrin–functionalized hydrogels based on guanosine quartet assembly was described. A series of seven hydrogels were prepared by linking β–cyclodextrin molecules with guanosine moieties in different ratios through benzene–1,4–diboronic acid linker in the presence of potassium hydroxide. The potassium ions acted as a reticulation agent by forming guanosine quartets, leading to the formation of self–sustained transparent hydrogels. The ratios of the β–cyclodextrin and guanosine components have a significant effect on the internal structuration of the components and, correspondingly, on the mechanical properties of the final gels, offering a tunablity of the system by varying the components ratio. The insights into the hydrogels’ structuration were achieved by circular dichroism, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X–ray diffraction. Rheological measurements revealed self–healing and thixotropic properties of all the investigated samples, which, in combination with available cyclodextrin cavities for active components loading, make them remarkable candidates for specific applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Moreover, all the prepared samples displayed selective antimicrobial properties against S. aureus in planktonic and biofilm phase, the activity also depending on the guanosine and cyclodextrin ratio within the hydrogel structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica-Cornelia Sardaru
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41 A, Iasi 700487, Romania; (M.-C.S.); (I.R.); (E.-L.U.); (R.G.)
| | - Irina Rosca
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41 A, Iasi 700487, Romania; (M.-C.S.); (I.R.); (E.-L.U.); (R.G.)
| | - Simona Morariu
- Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41 A, Iasi 700487, Romania;
| | - Elena-Laura Ursu
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41 A, Iasi 700487, Romania; (M.-C.S.); (I.R.); (E.-L.U.); (R.G.)
| | - Razvan Ghiarasim
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41 A, Iasi 700487, Romania; (M.-C.S.); (I.R.); (E.-L.U.); (R.G.)
| | - Alexandru Rotaru
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41 A, Iasi 700487, Romania; (M.-C.S.); (I.R.); (E.-L.U.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence:
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35
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Wang JT, Rodrigo AC, Patterson AK, Hawkins K, Aly MMS, Sun J, Al Jamal KT, Smith DK. Enhanced Delivery of Neuroactive Drugs via Nasal Delivery with a Self-Healing Supramolecular Gel. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101058. [PMID: 34029010 PMCID: PMC8292877 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the use of a self-assembling hydrogel as a delivery vehicle for the Parkinson's disease drug l-DOPA. Based on a two-component combination of an l-glutamine amide derivative and benzaldehyde, this gel has very soft rheological properties and self-healing characteristics. It is demonstrated that the gel can be formulated to encapsulate l-DOPA. These drug-loaded gels are characterized, and rapid release of the drug is obtained from the gel network. This drug-loaded hydrogel has appropriate rheological characteristics to be amenable for injection. This system is therefore tested as a vehicle for nasal delivery of neurologically-active drugs-a drug delivery strategy that can potentially avoid first pass liver metabolism and bypass the blood-brain barrier, hence enhancing brain uptake. In vitro tests indicate that the gel has biocompatibility with respect to nasal epithelial cells. Furthermore, animal studies demonstrate that the nasal delivery of a gel loaded with 3 H-labeled l-DOPA out-performed a simple intranasal l-DOPA solution. This is attributed to longer residence times of the gel in the nasal cavity resulting in increased blood and brain concentrations. It is demonstrated that the likely routes of brain penetration of intranasally-delivered l-DOPA gel involve the trigeminal and olfactory nerves connecting to other brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Tzu‐Wen Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and MedicineKing's College London150 Stamford streetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Ana C. Rodrigo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | | | - Kirsten Hawkins
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Mazen M. S. Aly
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and MedicineKing's College London150 Stamford streetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Jia Sun
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and MedicineKing's College London150 Stamford streetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Khuloud T. Al Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and MedicineKing's College London150 Stamford streetLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - David K. Smith
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
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36
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Patterson AK, Smith DK. Two-component supramolecular hydrogel for controlled drug release. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 56:11046-11049. [PMID: 32810197 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03962d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid gel has been developed by combining two supramolecular gelators. Each gelator endows the hybrid gel with its own characteristics. One gelator enables pH-mediated controlled release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient naproxen, while the other new gelator enhances mechanical stability. Self-assembly thus gives multi-functional gels with potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
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Chirality, Gelation Ability and Crystal Structure: Together or Apart? Alkyl Phenyl Ethers of Glycerol as Simple LMWGs. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13040732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral recognition plays an important role in the self-assembly of soft materials, in particular supramolecular organogels formed by low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs). Out of 14 pairs of the studied racemic and enantiopure samples of alkyl-substituted phenyl ethers of glycerol, only eight enantiopure diols form the stable gels in nonane. The formation of gels from solutions was studied by polarimetry, and their degradation with the formation of xerogels was studied by the PXRD method. The revealed crystalline characteristics of all studied xerogels corresponded to those for crystalline samples of the parent gelators. In addition to those previously investigated, crystalline samples of enantiopure para-n-alkylphenyl glycerol ethers [alkyl = pentyl (5), hexyl (6), heptyl (7), octyl (8), nonyl (9)] and racemic 3-(3,5-dimethylphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol (rac-14) have been examined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Among 22 samples of compounds 1–14 studied by SC-XRD, seven different types of supramolecular motifs are identified, of which only two are realized in crystals of supramolecular gelators. An attempt was made to relate the ability to gel formation with the characteristics of the supramolecular motif of a potential gelling agent, and the frequency of formation of the motif, required for gelation, with the chiral characteristics of the sample.
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38
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Gene Expression of Mouse Hippocampal Stem Cells Grown in a Galactose-Derived Molecular Gel Compared to In Vivo and Neurospheres. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: N-heptyl-D-galactonamide (GalC7) is a small synthetic carbohydrate derivative that forms a biocompatible supramolecular hydrogel. In this study, the objective was to analyze more in-depth how neural cells differentiate in contact with GalC7. Method: Direct (ex vivo) cells of the fresh hippocampus and culture (In vitro) of the primary cells were investigated. In vitro, investigation performed under three conditions: on culture in neurospheres for 19 days, on culture in GalC7 gel for 7 days, and on culture in both neurospheres and GalC7 gel. Total RNA was isolated with TRIzol from each group, Sox8, Sox9, Sox10, Dcx, and Neurod1 expression levels were measured by qPCR. Result: Sox8 and Sox10, oligodendrocyte markers, and Sox9, an astrocyte marker, were expressed at a much higher level after 7 days of culture in GalC7 hydrogel compared to all other conditions. Dcx, a marker of neurogenesis, and Neurod1, a marker of neuronal differentiation, were expressed at better levels in the GalC7 gel culture compared to the neurosphere. Conclusions: These results show that the GalC7 hydrogel brings different and interesting conditions for inducing the differentiation and maturation of neural progenitor cells compared with polymer-based scaffolds or cell-only conditions. The differences observed open new perspectives in tissue engineering, induction, and transcript analysis.
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Alene DY, Arumugaperumal R, Shellaiah M, Sun KW, Chung WS. Stiff-Stilbene-Bridged Biscalix[4]arene as a Highly Light-Responsive Supramolecular Gelator. Org Lett 2021; 23:2772-2776. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dagninet Yeshiwas Alene
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Reguram Arumugaperumal
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Muthaiah Shellaiah
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kien Wen Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Chung
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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Liao L, Jia X, Lou H, Zhong J, Liu H, Ding S, Chen C, Hong S, Luo X. Supramolecular gel formation regulated by water content in organic solvents: self-assembly mechanism and biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:11519-11528. [PMID: 35423629 PMCID: PMC8695936 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00647a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most important and fruitful methods, supramolecular self-assembly has a significant advantage in designing and fabricating functional soft materials with various nanostructures. In this research, a low-molecular-weight gelator, N,N'-di(pyridin-4-yl)-pyridine-3,5-dicarboxamide (PDA-N4), was synthesized and used to construct self-assembled gels via a solvent-mediated strategy. It was found that PDA-N4 could form supramolecular gels in mixed solvents of water and DMSO (or DMF) at high water fraction (greater than or equal to 50%). By decreasing the water fraction from 50% to 30%, the gel, suspension and solution phases appeared successively, indicating that self-assembled aggregates could be efficiently modulated via water content in organic solvents. Moreover, the as-prepared PDA-N4 supramolecular gels not only displayed solid-like behavior, and pH- and thermo-reversible characteristics, but also showed a solution-gel-crystal transition with the extension of aging time. Further analyses suggested that both the crystal and gel had similar assembled structures. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding between amide groups and the π-π stacking interactions between pyridine groups played key roles in gel formation. Additionally, the release behavior of vitamin B12 (VB12) from PDA-N4 gel (H2O/DMSO, v/v = 90/10) was evaluated, and the drug controlled release process was consistent with a first-order release mechanism. The human umbilical venous endothelial cell culture results showed that the PDA-N4 xerogel has good cytocompatibility, which implied that the gels have potential biological application in tissue engineering and controlled drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieqiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Xinjian Jia
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Haoxiang Lou
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Jinlian Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Huijin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
| | - Shunming Ding
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 P. R. China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 P. R. China
| | - Sanguo Hong
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Nanchang University Nanchang 330031 P. R. China
| | - Xuzhong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 P. R. China
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41
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Morris J, Bietsch J, Bashaw K, Wang G. Recently Developed Carbohydrate Based Gelators and Their Applications. Gels 2021; 7:24. [PMID: 33652820 PMCID: PMC8006029 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate based low molecular weight gelators have been an intense subject of study over the past decade. The self-assembling systems built from natural products have high significance as biocompatible materials and renewable resources. The versatile structures available from naturally existing monosaccharides have enriched the molecular libraries that can be used for the construction of gelators. The bottom-up strategy in designing low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) for a variety of applications has been adopted by many researchers. Rational design, along with some serendipitous discoveries, has resulted in multiple classes of molecular gelators. This review covers the literature from 2017-2020 on monosaccharide based gelators, including common hexoses, pentoses, along with some disaccharides and their derivatives. The structure-based design and structure to gelation property relationships are reviewed first, followed by stimuli-responsive gelators. The last section focuses on the applications of the sugar based gelators, including their utilization in environmental remediation, ion sensing, catalysis, drug delivery and 3D-printing. We will also review the available LMWGs and their structure correlations to the desired properties for different applications. This review aims at elucidating the design principles and structural features that are pertinent to various applications and hope to provide certain guidelines for researchers that are working at the interface of chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guijun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA; (J.M.); (J.B.); (K.B.)
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42
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Grover G, Weiss RG. Luminescent Behavior of Gels and Sols Comprised of Molecular Gelators. Gels 2021; 7:19. [PMID: 33671130 PMCID: PMC8005951 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a brief review of some important conceptual and practical aspects for the design and properties of molecular luminescent gelators and their gels. Topics considered include structural and dynamic aspects of the gels, including factors important to their ability to emit radiation from electronically excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard G. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
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43
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Schlichter L, Piras CC, Smith DK. Spatial and temporal diffusion-control of dynamic multi-domain self-assembled gels. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4162-4172. [PMID: 34163689 PMCID: PMC8179439 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06862d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic assembly of a pH-responsive low-molecular-weight gelator (LMWG) within the pre-formed matrix of a second LMWG has been achieved via diffusion of an acid from a reservoir cut into the gel. Self-assembly of the acid-triggered LMWG as it converts from micellar aggregates at basic pH into gel nanofibers at lower pH values can be both spatially and temporally controlled. The pH-responsive LMWG has an impact on the stiffness of the pre-formed gel in the domains in which it assembles. When low acid concentrations are used, LMWG assembly is transient – after the initial proton diffusion phase, the pH rises and disassembly occurs as the system equilibrates. Re-application of additional acid as ‘fuel’ can then re-assemble the LMWG network. Using glucono-δ-lactone (which slowly hydrolyses to gluconic acid) instead of HCl gives slower, more spatially-restricted assembly, and creates longer-lasting pH gradients within the gel. The presence of an agarose polymer gel network improves the mechanical strength of the gels and appears to slightly enhance the rate of proton diffusion. More sophisticated reservoir shapes can be cut into these more mechanically robust gels, enabling the creation of diffusion waves with different geometries, and hence different patterns of LMWG activation. Multiple reservoirs can be used to create overlapping proton diffusion waves, hence achieving differentiated pH patterns in the gel. Using acid diffusion in this way within gels is an intriguing and powerful way of dynamic patterning. The ability to temporally-evolve spatially-resolved patterns using biocompatible weak acids, and the change in rheological performance of the triggered domains, suggest potential future applications of this strategy in tissue engineering. The assembly of a pH-sensitive LMWG within a pre-formed network of a second LMWG can be achieved by diffusing acids from pre-cut reservoirs, giving rise to patterned gels in which the rheological properties evolve with spatial and temporal control.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schlichter
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Carmen C Piras
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
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44
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Martí-Centelles R, Dolz-Pérez I, De la O J, Ontoria-Oviedo I, Sepúlveda P, Nebot VJ, Vicent MJ, Escuder B. Two-Component Peptidic Molecular Gels for Topical Drug Delivery of Naproxen. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Martí-Centelles
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló 12071, Spain
| | - Irene Dolz-Pérez
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - Jaciel De la O
- Polypeptide Therapeutic Solutions S.L., 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Imelda Ontoria-Oviedo
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia 46026, Spain
| | - Pilar Sepúlveda
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia 46026, Spain
| | - Vicent J. Nebot
- Polypeptide Therapeutic Solutions S.L., 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Maria J. Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - Beatriu Escuder
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló 12071, Spain
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45
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Singh WP, Bhandari S, Singh RS. Organogelators derived from the bisphenol A scaffold. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02664j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A, a common precursor molecule used in the preparation of some polymers, was investigated as a possible scaffold for the design and synthesis of small-molecule gelators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangkhem P. Singh
- Organic Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong – 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Sanjeev Bhandari
- Physics Division, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong – 793022, Meghalaya, India
| | - Rajkumar S. Singh
- Organic Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong – 793022, Meghalaya, India
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46
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Das P, Majumdar S, Dey A, Mandal S, Mondal A, Chakrabarty S, Ray PP, Dey B. 4,4′-Bipyridine-based Ni( ii)-metallogel for fabricating a photo-responsive Schottky barrier diode device. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01629f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
4,4′-Bipyridine-based Ni(ii)-metallogel has been implemented to execute a light-responsive semiconducting Schottky barrier diode device with advanced functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pubali Das
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Arka Dey
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Sourav Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Atish Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Sinchan Chakrabarty
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Partha Pratim Ray
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
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47
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Yadav E, Khatana AK, Sebastian S, Gupta MK. DAP derived fatty acid amide organogelators as novel carrier for drug incorporation and pH-responsive release. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04611f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular mass fatty acid amide gelators were synthesized using 2,6-diaminopyridine as a linker and alkyl chains of varying lengths. The prepared organogel-elusions are able to trap and release ibuprofen molecule without changing its structure and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eqvinshi Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Central University of Haryana
- Haryana
- India
| | - Anil Kumar Khatana
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Central University of Haryana
- Haryana
- India
| | - Sharol Sebastian
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Central University of Haryana
- Haryana
- India
| | - Manoj K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Central University of Haryana
- Haryana
- India
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48
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Yoneda JS, de Araujo DR, Sella F, Liguori GR, Liguori TTA, Moreira LFP, Spinozzi F, Mariani P, Itri R. Self-assembled guanosine-hydrogels for drug-delivery application: Structural and mechanical characterization, methylene blue loading and controlled release. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 121:111834. [PMID: 33579472 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is known that guanosine derivatives (G) self-assemble in water forming long, flexible, and interacting aggregates (the so-called G-quadruplexes): by modulating the quadruplex charges, e.g. simply using a mixture of guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) and guanosine (Gua), multi-responsive, self-healing hydrogels can be obtained. In this paper, the potential application of G-hydrogels as drug delivery systems has been assessed. Hydrogels were prepared at different Gua:GMP molar ratios. The photosensitizer Methylene Blue and the pro-apoptotic protein cytochrome C were used as cargo molecules. Small angle x-ray scattering and atomic force microscopy experiments confirmed the presence of G-quadruplexes disposed in swollen matrices with different mesh-sizes. Rheology measurements showed that the Gua:GMP molar ratio leads to specific drug release mechanisms, as the gel strength is finely tuned by electrostatic repulsion and van der Waals attraction between G-quadruplexes. Noteworthy, the gel cohesion and the drug release were pH responsive. Swelling, self-healing and cell viability features were also investigated: the results qualify the Gua:GMP hydrogel as an excellent biomaterial that can entrap and deliver key biomolecules in a sustained and responsive release manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S Yoneda
- Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Fiorenza Sella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gabriel R Liguori
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tácia T A Liguori
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe P Moreira
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francesco Spinozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Mariani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rosangela Itri
- Instituto de Fisica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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49
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Tan T, Shen Z, Wang Y, Guo Z, Hu J, Zhang Y. Self-assembly of pentapeptides in ethanol to develop organogels. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10567-10573. [PMID: 33079116 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01303j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organogels have a wide variety of applications in the fields of chemistry, electricity, biomedicine and environmental engineering, which call for robust strategies for designing and developing novel organogelators. Here, we reported a pentapeptide, ECAYF, which was capable of forming a self-healing ethanol gel exhibiting viscoelastic and solid-like properties. The ethanol gel of ECAYF was stable for at least several months, suggesting strong non-covalent interactions between ethanol and the peptide in the gel. In the ethanol gel, self-assembled peptide fibrils were found to immobilize the ethanol molecules for gelation. Results also suggested that the EAF-5 peptide adopted H-bonding β-sheet secondary structures, which further assembled into fibrils. Meanwhile, the self-assembly of the ECAYF peptide in mixtures of differently fractioned ethanol and H2O was observed, which clearly indicated that ethanol promoted the assembly of ECAYF in the solutions. These findings are helpful in understanding the roles of organic solvents as well as the complicated interactions between the solvent and gelator molecules in gelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyuan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China.
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50
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Das S, Roy S. 6-acylamino nicotinic acid-based hydrogelators applicable in phase selective gelation, reproducible mat formation and toxic dye removal. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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